Lab ID: 9.9K217150.TSP.

Troubleshooting VoIP and Converged Networks

Objective
Troubleshoot a Voice over IP (VoIP) and converged network to bring it back to full functionality.

Lab Topology
For this lab, the network design will include five routers, two traffic generators, and one workstation.
Router1 and Router2, Router1 and VPN-Router, Router2 and VPN-Router, Router1 and Core1, and
Router2 and Core2 are each connected by a serial link. Serial 0/1/0 and Serial 0/1/1 on VPN-Router are
Data Communications Equipment (DCE) interfaces, Serial 0/0/0 and Serial 0/2/0 on Router1 are DCE
interfaces, and Serial 0/2/0 on Router2 is a DCE interface. A workstation is connected to FastEthernet 0/0
on VPN-Router, and two traffic generators named Traffic Generator1 and Traffic Generator2 are connected
to FastEthernet 0/0 on Router1 and Router2, respectively.

The topology diagram below represents the NetMap in the Simulator.

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 Command Summary
Command
class {class-name | class-default}
class-map [match-all | match-any]
class-map-name
clear ip route *
clock rate clock-rate
configure terminal
enable
encapsulation [hdlc | ppp]
end
exit
[no] fair-queue [congestive-discard-
threshold [dynamic-queues [reservable- form disables WFQ for an interface
queues]]]
interface type number
ip address ip-address subnet-mask
match protocol protocol-name
[no] network network-address
policy-map policy-map-name
priority [bandwidth-kbps | percent
percentage]
router eigrp autonomous-system-
number
[no] service-policy {input | output}
policy-map-name
show access-lists [access-list-
number | access-list-name]
show class-map [class-map-name]
show interfaces [type number]
show ip eigrp interfaces
show ip eigrp neighbors
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Description
defines a traffic classification and enters policy map class
configuration mode
creates a class map to be used for matching packets to the
specified class
clears the IP routing table
sets the clock rate for a DCE interface
enters global configuration mode from privileged EXEC mode
enters privileged EXEC mode
sets the Data Link layer protocol for an interface
ends and exits configuration mode
exits one level in the menu structure
enables weighted fair queuing (WFQ) for an interface; the no
changes from global configuration mode to interface
configuration mode
assigns an IP address to an interface
defines the match criteria to classify traffic
activates the specified routing protocol on the specified
network; the no form deactivates the specified routing protocol
on the specified network
creates or modifies a policy map that can be attached to
multiple interfaces and enters policy map class configuration
mode
gives priority to a traffic class in a policy map
enters router configuration mode for Enhanced Interior
Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
applies a policy map defined by the policy-map command to
the input or output direction of a particular interface; the no
form removes the policy map from the specified interface
displays the contents of current access control lists (ACLs)
displays either the specified class map or all class maps and
their match criteria
displays the interface’s Data Link layer status; when the
type and number parameters are included, displays detailed
information about the specified interface
displays information about interfaces configured for EIGRP
displays information about EIGRP neighbors
 Command Description
show ip interface brief displays a brief summary of interface status and configuration
show ip route displays the IP routing table
show policy-map [policy-map-name] displays the configuration of all classes for a specified service
policy map or of all classes for all existing policy maps
show running-config displays the active configuration file

Lab Tasks
Task 1: Troubleshoot Layer 1 and Layer 2
This task involves troubleshooting Layer 1 and Layer 2 issues that have been reported to you by the help
desk. Use the proper show and configuration commands to re-establish the connectivity between Router1
and Router2. Perform the following steps on Router1 and Router2.
1. Issue the proper show commands to fill out the tables below:

Parameter Router1
LAN interfaces Serial0/0/0 Serial0/1/0 Serial0/2/0 Fa0/0
IP addresses and masks of
LAN interfaces
Status of LAN interfaces
Bandwidth
Clock rate
Encapsulation

Parameter Router2
LAN interfaces Serial0/0/0 Serial0/1/0 Serial0/2/0 Fa0/0
IP addresses and masks of
LAN interfaces
Status of LAN interfaces
Bandwidth
Clock rate
Encapsulation

2. Using the information collected above, note the problem on Router1 and then correct the
configuration. ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. Using the information collected above, note the problem on Router2 and then correct the
configuration. ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

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 Task 2: Troubleshoot IP Routing
After you have resolved the Layer 1 and Layer 2 issues, the help desk reports additional routing problems
between Router1 and Router2. Use the proper show and configuration commands to verify IP routing and
to fix the problem. Perform the following steps on Router1 and Router2.
1. Issue the proper show commands to verify IP routing and to fill out the tables below:

Parameter Router1
EIGRP interfaces
EIGRP neighbors
Route to 10.2.0.0 network via
Configured networks

Parameter Router2
EIGRP interfaces
EIGRP neighbors
Route to 10.2.0.0 network via
Configured networks

2. Using the information collected above, note the problem on Router1 and then correct the
configuration. ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. Using the information collected above, note the problem on Router2 and then correct the
configuration. ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

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 Task 3: Troubleshoot QoS
After you have resolved the previous problems, the help desk reports VoIP and other Quality of Service
(QoS)-related issues to you. Use the proper show and configuration commands to verify that the proper
Cisco IOS modular QoS command-line interface (MQC) mechanisms are in place and to fix the problem.
Perform the following steps on Router1 and Router2.
1. Issue the proper show commands to verify the QoS policies and to fill out the table below:

Parameter Router1 Router2

ACL number
Traffic classes

Class map matches

Qos-enabled interfaces

2. Using the information collected above, note the problem on Router1 and then correct the
configuration. ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. Using the information collected above, note the problem on Router2 and then correct the
configuration. ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

You can do so by clicking the Grade Lab icon ( ) in the toolbar or by pressing Ctrl+G.

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 Lab Solutions
Task 1: Troubleshoot Layer 1 and Layer 2
Perform the following steps on Router1 and Router2.
1. You should issue the show ip interface brief, show interfaces, and show running-config
commands to fill out the tables below:

Parameter Router1
LAN interfaces Serial0/0/0 Serial0/1/0 Serial0/2/0 Fa0/0
IP addresses and masks of 10.1.1.1/24 10.0.1.2/24 10.1.3.1/24 10.1.2.1/24
LAN interfaces
Status of LAN interfaces Up/Down Up/Up Up/Up Up/Up
Bandwidth 768 384 384 100000
Clock rate Not Set - 56000 -
Encapsulation HDLC PPP PPP ARPA

Parameter Router2
LAN interfaces Serial0/0/0 Serial0/1/0 Serial0/2/0 Fa0/0
IP addresses and masks of 10.0.1.2/24 10.0.2.2/24 10.2.3.1/24 10.2.2.1/24
LAN interfaces
Status of LAN interfaces Up/Down Up/Up Up/Up Up/Up
Bandwidth 768 384 384 100000
Clock rate - - 56000 -
Encapsulation PPP PPP PPP ARPA

2. On Router1, the Serial 0/0/0 interface does not have a clock rate configured and does not have a
matching encapsulation; you should issue the following commands to fix the problem:

Router1(config)#interface serial 0/0/0

Router1(config-if)#clock rate 56000
Router1(config-if)#encapsulation ppp

3. On Router2, the IP address of the Serial 0/0/0 interface is incorrectly configured; you should issue
the following commands to fix the problem:

Router2(config)#interface serial 0/0/0

Router2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

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 Task 2: Troubleshoot IP Routing
Perform the following steps on Router1 and Router2.
1. You should issue the show ip eigrp interfaces, show ip eigrp neighbors, show ip route, and
show running-config commands to verify IP routing and to fill out the table below:

Parameter
EIGRP interfaces
EIGRP neighbors
Route to 10.2.0.0 network via
Configured networks
Router1
Serial0/0/0, Serial 0/2/0, FastEthernet0/0
10.1.3.2 (Serial 0/2/0)
None
10.1.0.0 0.0.255.255

Parameter
EIGRP interfaces
EIGRP neighbors
Route to 10.2.0.0 network via
Configured networks
Router2
Serial0/2/0, FastEthernet0/0
10.2.3.2 (Serial 0/2/0)
None
10.2.0.0 0.0.255.255

2. On Router1, an incorrect EIGRP network has been configured; you should issue the following
commands to fix the problem:

Router1(config)#router eigrp 100

Router1(config-router)#no network 10.1.0.0 0.0.255.255
Router1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
Router1(config-router)#end
Router1#clear ip route *

3. On Router2, an incorrect EIGRP network has been configured; you should issue the following
commands to fix the problem:

Router2(config)#router eigrp 100

Router2(config-router)#no network 10.2.0.0 0.0.255.255
Router2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
Router2(config-router)#end
Router2#clear ip route *

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 Task 3: Troubleshoot QoS
Perform the following steps on Router1 and Router2.
1. You should issue the show access-lists, show policy-map, show class-map, and show running-
config commands to verify the QoS policies and to fill out the table below:

Parameter Router1 Router2

ACL number None
Traffic classes • Voice-Serial0/0/0
• Signaling-Serial0/0/0
• Transactional-Serial0/0/0
• Bulk-Serial0/0/0
• Scavenger-Serial0/0/0
• Management-Serial0/0/0
Class map matches • Voice-Serial0/0/0 - RTP audio
• Signaling-Serial0/0/0 - H323
and RTCP
• Transactional-Serial0/0/0 -
Citrix and SQLNet
• Bulk-Serial0/0/0 - FTP
• Scavenger-Serial0/0/0 -
Napster
• Management-Serial0/0/0 -
LDAP
QoS-enabled interfaces Serial0/2/0
None
• Voice-Serial0/0/0
• Signaling-Serial0/0/0
• Transactional-Serial0/0/0
• Bulk-Serial0/0/0
• Scavenger-Serial0/0/0
• Management-Serial0/0/0
• Voice-Serial0/0/0 - None
• Signaling-Serial0/0/0 - H323
and RTCP
• Transactional-Serial0/0/0 -
Citrix and SQLNet
• Bulk-Serial0/0/0 - FTP
• Scavenger-Serial0/0/0 -
Napster
• Management-Serial0/0/0 -
LDAP
Serial0/0/0

2. On Router1, the Policy-Serial0/0/0 policy map has been applied to the incorrect interface and fair
queuing has been enabled; you should issue the following commands to fix the problem:

Router1(config)#interface serial 0/2/0

Router1(config-if)#no service-policy output Policy-Serial0/0/0
Router1(config-if)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router1(config-if)#no fair-queue
Router1(config-if)#service-policy output Policy-Serial0/0/0

3. On Router2, you should issue the following commands to update the configuration for the Voice-
Serial0/0/0 traffic class:

Router2(config)#class-map match-any Voice-Serial0/0/0

Router2(config-cmap)#match protocol rtp audio
Router2(config-cmap)#policy-map Policy-Serial0/0/0
Router2(config-pmap)#class Voice-Serial0/0/0
Router2(config-pmap-c)#priority percent 30

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 Sample Configuration Scripts
Router1 Router1 (continued)
Router1#show running-config interface Serial0/0/1
Building configuration... no ip address
Current configuration : 2321 bytes no ip directed-broadcast
! !
Version 15.b interface Serial0/1/0
service timestamps debug uptime ip address 10.0.1.2 255.255.255.0
service timestamps log uptime no ip directed-broadcast
no service password-encryption bandwidth 384
! encapsulation ppp
hostname Router1 !
! interface Serial0/1/1
ip subnet-zero no ip address
! no ip directed-broadcast
ip cef !
no ip domain-lookup interface Serial0/2/0
! ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
class-map match-any Voice-Serial0/0/0 no ip directed-broadcast
match protocol rtp audio clock rate 56000
class-map match-any Signaling-Serial0/0/0 bandwidth 384
match protocol h323 no fair-queue
match protocol rtcp encapsulation ppp
class-map match-any Transactional-Serial0/0/0 !
match protocol citrix interface Serial0/2/1
match protocol sqlnet no ip address
class-map match-any Bulk-Serial0/0/0 no ip directed-broadcast
match protocol ftp !
class-map match-any Scavenger-Serial0/0/0 interface Serial0/3/0
match protocol napster no ip address
class-map match-any Management-Serial0/0/0 no ip directed-broadcast
match protocol ldap !
! interface Serial0/3/1
policy-map Policy-Serial0/0/0 no ip address
class Voice-Serial0/0/0 no ip directed-broadcast
priority percent 30 !
class Signaling-Serial0/0/0 interface FastEthernet0/0
bandwidth remaining percent 2 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
class Transactional-Serial0/0/0 no ip directed-broadcast
bandwidth remaining percent 15 !
class Bulk-Serial0/0/0 interface FastEthernet0/1
bandwidth remaining percent 5 no ip address
class Scavenger-Serial0/0/0 no ip directed-broadcast
bandwidth remaining percent 1 !
class Management-Serial0/0/0 router eigrp 100
bandwidth remaining percent 2 network 10.0.0.0
class class-default !
bandwidth remaining percent 75 ip classless
fair-queue no ip http server
! !
interface Serial0/0/0 line con 0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 line aux 0
no ip directed-broadcast line vty 0 4
clock rate 56000 login
bandwidth 768 !
no fair-queue no scheduler allocate
service-policy output Policy-Serial0/0/0 end
encapsulation ppp
!

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 Router2 Router2 (continued)
Router2#show running-config interface Serial0/0/1
Building configuration... no ip address
Current configuration : 2286 bytes no ip directed-broadcast
! !
Version 15.b interface Serial0/1/0
service timestamps debug uptime ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.0
service timestamps log uptime no ip directed-broadcast
no service password-encryption bandwidth 384
! encapsulation ppp
hostname Router2 !
! interface Serial0/1/1
ip subnet-zero no ip address
! no ip directed-broadcast
ip cef !
no ip domain-lookup interface Serial0/2/0
! ip address 10.2.3.1 255.255.255.0
class-map match-any Voice-Serial0/0/0 no ip directed-broadcast
match protocol rtp audio clock rate 56000
class-map match-any Signaling-Serial0/0/0 bandwidth 384
match protocol h323 encapsulation ppp
match protocol rtcp !
class-map match-any Transactional-Serial0/0/0 interface Serial0/2/1
match protocol citrix no ip address
match protocol sqlnet no ip directed-broadcast
class-map match-any Bulk-Serial0/0/0 !
match protocol ftp interface Serial0/3/0
class-map match-any Scavenger-Serial0/0/0 no ip address
match protocol napster no ip directed-broadcast
class-map match-any Management-Serial0/0/0 !
match protocol ldap interface Serial0/3/1
! no ip address
policy-map Policy-Serial0/0/0 no ip directed-broadcast
class Voice-Serial0/0/0 !
priority percent 30 interface FastEthernet0/0
class Signaling-Serial0/0/0 ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.0
bandwidth remaining percent 2 no ip directed-broadcast
class Transactional-Serial0/0/0 !
bandwidth remaining percent 15 interface FastEthernet0/1
class Bulk-Serial0/0/0 no ip address
bandwidth remaining percent 5 no ip directed-broadcast
class Scavenger-Serial0/0/0 !
bandwidth remaining percent 1 router eigrp 100
class Management-Serial0/0/0 network 10.0.0.0
bandwidth remaining percent 2 !
class class-default ip classless
bandwidth remaining percent 75 no ip http server
fair-queue !
! line con 0
interface Serial0/0/0 line aux 0
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 line vty 0 4
no ip directed-broadcast login
bandwidth 768 !
no fair-queue no scheduler allocate
service-policy output Policy-Serial0/0/0 end
encapsulation ppp
!

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