Volume 6, Issue 2, February – 2021
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics
Mantu Bera
IT Teacher, JYCSM,Narajole, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India
Abstract:- Artificial intelligence is very useful in
Bioinformatics. With the essence of Machine learning
,difficult biological tasks have been solved like automatic
genome structure analysis,discover vaccine for newly
deadly viruses,identifying new micro-organism,peptides
etc. It helps to automatically find DNA pattern for
different creature.AI actually opened the door of
Biological sectors like Vaccine preparation,drugs
production, study of virology, analysis process of
antibody-antigen interactions and pathogens etc.
I. INTRODUCTION
Artificial intelligence is a important field of Computer
science and engineering to make machine capable to show
intelligence like human.The idea of AI is discovered upon
the concept which human think and reasoning procedures is
conventionally expressed, collected, and conventionally
embedded into machines. AI includes intelligent agents
(systems which recognize their environment and make
decisions and take actions) to execute operation like
reasoning, planning, knowledge extraction, learning,
perception, communication,moving and also handling and
operating objects. AI utilizes statistical methods, symbolic
reasoning and computational intelligence . While early
assurances which human-intelligence may be completely
repeated by a machine have gave out and the complications
of human intelligence was misjudged, a span of products on
the basis of AI have been implemented and set to use. Such
applications involve autopilot technology used in the
transportation and airplanes-controlling and trains without
drivers, automated mining machines, automatic cranes, and
a different types of industrial robots. Other applications
involve automatic readers and even text to speech
conversion system,computer perception and face recognition
, games and toys,space applications and military, financial
applications and many more. Biomedical applications of
Artificial intelligence consists scheduling, medical images-
interpretations, decision support systems for diagnostics ,
therapy optimization, and robotic surgery as well and
others.
II. BIOINFORMATICS
Bioinformatics can be defined as a interdisciplinary
field which use method to manage and analyse biological
data. General bioinformatics-application involves managing
the biological data and information as well, analysis of
biological sequences, molecular structures-analysis.
Advanced applications consists biological systems-
modelling. Bioinformatics applications are usually executed
as the software tools which are used to produce very useful
biological-knowledge.Applications of Bioinformatics in
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International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
Artificial intelligence hold up both general and clinical
research via facilitating the advance methods for the
purpose of biological sequence comparison, protein-protein
interaction, structure-function analysis, and retrieval of
information and management of knowledge as well.
Advance applications of bioinformatics beared by AI
involves in silico research experiments simulations,
complicated systems analysis, drug findings and design, and
also therapy optimization. High-throughput techniques such
as proteomics,genomics as well assystems biology
combined with detonating amounts of scientific literature
accessible online, and developing amounts of the clinical
data have created a new environment where large quantities
of data are present and getable electronically, though our
capability to operate and process and explain those data is
falling behind. This condition is identified as the “Big Data”
domain which needs new methods to analyse, interpret, and
utilization of those data.
New implementations for management of data require
to be produced and availability, active community inclusion
is required to process these data, and combination of this
data into the knowledge bases enable huge data usable.
These require have produced new scopes for AI:
computational foundation of Artificial intelligence enables
for application of algorithms, specially those which are of
repetition nature – a huge number of uncomplicated plain
operations can be carried out over huge compound spaces of
biological data. Furthermore, automated reasoning and
machine intelligence enable to analysis of complex systems
with the use of advanced algorithms as well as automated
reasoning. We must describe and provide examples of
advance applications of bioinformatics in AI with examples
from the sector of vaccinology and immunology. These
sectors are ,in particular, satisfactory for this type analysis as
really all features of bioinformatics are presented. These
applications include human, clinical
bioinformatics,pathogen, high-throughput methods,
epidemiology and disease prevention. Vaccination is one
medical involvement which has the biggest positive knock
on our health.
III. APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE IN BIOINFORMATICS
Advances in sector of vaccinology and immunology
dependency on innovations in biotechnology, especially
genomics, signature tagged mutagenesis,proteomics,
immune modulation, computational simulations and
complicated system analysis. These fields gain experience
quickly growing or developing knowledge which increased
realizations of the human immune system as well as
pathogens.Vaccine development is absolutely more
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complicated; ideal and genuine vaccines are safe, may be
applied to general population, are economical to produce,
easy storing and distributing. Increasing knowledge and the
torrent of data even present new blockades for development
consisting better standards for safety and regulative
requirements , increasing conciousness for large variation in
pathogens as well as the human immune system.
AI and Bioinformatics present the intimidating
integration where bioinformatics make possibility of
analysis of very complex biological systems.On the other
hand AI does enable human-like reasoning. AI-based engine
can definitely perform both of complex tasks on the basis of
reasoning, and repetitive tasks which can be executed over a
large combinatorial space and can simulate billions of wet-
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
laboratory experimental research. In only one run we carry
out the primary investigation of vaccine targets from greater
than 20000 flavivirus protein and in another only one single
run screening vaccine targets from greater than 100000
influenza protein. The results of runs made reports which
have been used directly for the patent applications. This
automated applications need a well defined workflow. These
workflows should be based on sounds idea actually acquired
from general science, and also well defined sets for
analytical tools which are ,however,combined to perform
simulations and predict. These predictions, may be validated
into a little number of well-chosen experiments . After
accurate interpretation ,then these results may be revolved
into products – vaccine part(component) and formulations of
vaccine (Fig. 1).

Fig 1:- Flowchart including reasoning,bioinformatics-tools and vaccine-automation invention process.

This methods includes innovative tools for Block Entropy which can identify, assess, and quantify preserved blocks within
huge number of sequences (hundreds in thousands). These type of blocks (in Fig. 2) are studied for their immunological potential
with the help of in silic- peptide binding analysis(assays) for identifying blocks which can serve as the vaccine-targets.

Fig 2:- BlockLogo tool(above) indentifies Conserved blocks. While variation at individual positions shown by upper logo within
the sequence. It indicates 8-possible peptides, Actual presence of 4-different peptides are clearly shown by Lower Logo.

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Volume 6, Issue 2, February – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
IV. FUTURE WORK AND CONCLUSION [6].
While Bioinformatics are combined with AI, take
part, an very significant role in smoothly complicated
analytics workflows for performing a multi step analysis
within single analytical framework. These type of
workflows make processing enabled and to analyse the
biological data which are absolutely complicated or
complex, and also increasing with an exponential rate. The
complexity of biological question mark and this way
analytical tasks to answer these questions are developing. [7].
The algorithms are going to be more sophisticated, and the
capacity (for both processing power and storage) of
computers is being improved. AI techniques which use [8].
machine learning, reasoning and knowledge discovery are
improved continualy. Provided such environment It can be
observed of increased features of AI in bioinformatics. Key
questions which will be directed in the sector of vaccinology [9].
involved with the analysis process of antibody-antigen
interactions and also their diversity , prediction of antibody-
antigen interactions as well as broadly-neutralizing
antibodies-induction are done by the study-experiment of
epidemiological data. Infectious-diseases which lacks of [10].
vaccines, like flaviviruses, tuberculosis,influenza hepatitis
C,HIV and others is analyzed with in silico when little no.
of key validatory research experiments will be done. Future [11].
in bioinformatics provides in large-scale analysis operated
by computational intelligence which however,obviously,
produce large savings in time, money,effort and also speed- [12].
up the invention of biology.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT [13].
I hereby wish to express my sincere gratitude and
respect to all staff, JYCSM, Narajole,West Bengal. Their
valuable co-operation and encouragement have really led me [14].
to complete this work.
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ISSN No:-2456-2165
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