This document summarizes a project to design a roof for a sports center in Cabrera Nariño. The objectives are to provide a solution to structural and material design problems at the sports center, and to analyze how to optimize roof materials. The methodology involves surveying the community about needs, analyzing responses, and using differential equations to model beam deflection and bending moments. Calculations will be done to determine beam properties and equations, with the goal of understanding beam behavior under loads.
This document summarizes a project to design a roof for a sports center in Cabrera Nariño. The objectives are to provide a solution to structural and material design problems at the sports center, and to analyze how to optimize roof materials. The methodology involves surveying the community about needs, analyzing responses, and using differential equations to model beam deflection and bending moments. Calculations will be done to determine beam properties and equations, with the goal of understanding beam behavior under loads.
This document summarizes a project to design a roof for a sports center in Cabrera Nariño. The objectives are to provide a solution to structural and material design problems at the sports center, and to analyze how to optimize roof materials. The methodology involves surveying the community about needs, analyzing responses, and using differential equations to model beam deflection and bending moments. Calculations will be done to determine beam properties and equations, with the goal of understanding beam behavior under loads.
CRISTIAN ALEXIS RUANO GUERRERO, DELGADO GALLARDO JOHAN DANEY
Departamento Ingeniería Civil Universidad Mariana. In the elaboration of this project it is for solution to different problems that are resolved throughout this investigation. The general objective is to provide a solution to the design of different sports centers and to learn how to optimize the roof materials to analyze the situation that these people experience when doing sports activities. Different topics of each subject will be applied with respect to the project, such as: differential equations to be able to solve some doubts. Keywords: 1-Cover. 2- Pedestrians 3- Sports centers. 4- Sports activities. INTRODUCTION center is a bit new where almost does not As students of Civil Engineering at the have motivation and comfort for sports University of Mariana, we went to build a activities. roof for a sports center located in the city OVERALL OBJECTIVE of Cabrera Nariño. It is a sporting place. Its want to give a solution to the design of the function is important for the population. structure and we must also learn to verify Many projects have been presented at the the prices to buy excellent materials. town hall and they have not given solution to these different problems that are SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES economic, social, aesthetic and structural For the sector where the sports center is problems that affected the image of located, the weather is very cold and it Cabrera for tourists. These problems rains too much. The analyzes to structure attract the attention of Civil Engineering (sports center) and verify the problems that students in the exercise of their career can have. To increase the alert in society in since the structural part is very important. new projects, this way we can contribute However, our future projects should not be with the city. based only on this but also on the social impact of these projects, engineers should METHODOLOGY not create structures if they do not have In this project we are going to make a clear functions. cover for the Cabrera sports center, on the cover, applying the topics of the subjects, DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM and we will do it to take into account the This project was to give a solution to these following aspects. problems, since, we are located in an area 1- We are going to make a survey to the where rainfall is very constant and for the community, about security, climate and health of people who perform sports physical health about the people about that activities is very important. According to is thought with the function of the cover. the population of Cabrera that this sports 2- We will analyze the responses of the center has been used to make vandalism, community. you also He also assured that this sports 3. In differential equations we will 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 𝑣𝑖𝑣𝑎 + 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 𝑚𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑎 perform the Euler equation and to = 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜 determine the deflection of the beam and bending moment of the beam. Cargas puntuales sobre cada modo de la DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT cercha tal como se estipula en la NSR-10. CALCULO DE ECUACIONES Para la solución de este sistema DIFERENCIALE procedemos a: Para esta sección realizaremos la ecuación de Euler ∑ 𝑓𝑥 = 0
𝐵𝑥 = 0
∑ 𝑓𝑦 = 0
𝐵𝑦 + 𝐽𝑦 = 0
Ahora si para pensar a realizar la
respectiva ecuación de Euler antes que todo vamos a definir que es la ecuación de Euler y en que nos ayuda, este método se trata del cambio de variable dependiente y este nos ayuda para resolver un problema con valores iniciales y además este método también nos ayuda a construir bases para desarrollar ejercicios más complejos, ya teniendo en cuenta el conocimiento de lo que se trata 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 723.672𝑚 2 la ecuación de Euler vamos a realizar el respectivo desarrollo Carga Muerta del proyecto (Cálculos). 𝑘𝑁 Ecuación de Euler 540.68 𝑚2 Momento de Elasticidad del Material Carga viva (Pa): La carga viva de 0,35KN y de 0,50KN 𝐸 = 20000000000000 consiste básicamente en el cálculo de las cargas de servicio. Momento de Inercia de la sección 𝑤 ∗ 𝑥2 transversal (𝑚𝑚4 ) 𝐸𝐼𝑣 ′′ = (𝐴𝑦 ∗ 𝑥 ) − 2 𝐼 =0.00000318 A continuación, procedemos a integrar la ecuación 1, en el cual obtendríamos el A continuación, calcularemos la ecuación siguiente resultado de momento flexión para la viga en el corte (𝐴𝑦𝑥)2 𝑤𝑥 3 𝐸𝐼𝑣 ′ = − + 𝐶1 2 6 0≤𝑥≤𝑙 Ecuación 2 Donde 𝑥 = 10 Realizamos la correspondiente integral de Datos la ecuación 2, en donde obtenemos el 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎(𝑤) = 24.768𝑘𝑁 siguiente resultado
𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑(𝑙 ) = 21.85𝑚 (𝐴𝑦𝑥)3 𝑤𝑥 4
𝐸𝐼𝑣 = − + 𝐶1 𝑥 + 𝐶2 6 24 Procedemos a calcular Ay Ecuación 3 𝑊𝑙 𝐴𝑦 = 𝐵𝑦 = Ahora encontramos las condiciones de 2 frontera Remplazando los datos anteriores obtendremos como resultado 𝑥 = 0 𝑣 = 0 𝑣 (0) = 0
𝐴𝑦 = 270.5904 𝑥 = 𝑙 𝑣 = 0 𝑣 (𝑙 ) = 0
Ya conociendo este dato procedemos a - Condición
calcular la ecuación de momento flexión 𝑥 = 0 𝑣 = 0 𝑣 (0) = 0 para la viga, la cual tiene como fórmula: (𝐴𝑦 ∗ 0)3 (𝑤 ∗ 0)4 𝑤 ∗ 𝑥2 𝐸𝐼 (0) = − + 𝐶1 ∗ 0 𝑀 = 𝐴𝑦 ∗ 𝑥 − 6 24 2 + 𝐶2 Remplazamos los valores conocidos para obtener el valor correspondiente Ecuación 4 De la ecuación 4 obtenemos 𝐶2 el cual 𝑀 = 1467.504 tiene como valor Ecuación de Momento 𝐶2 = 0 2 𝑤∗𝑥 - Condición 𝑀 = (𝐴𝑦 ∗ 𝑥 ) − 2 Ecuación 1. 𝑥 = 𝑙 𝑣 = 0 𝑣 (𝑙 ) = 0 (𝐴𝑦 ∗ 𝑙)3 (𝑤 ∗ 𝑙 )4 Ahora procedemos a remplazar la 𝐸𝐼 (0) = − + 𝐶1 ∗ 𝑙 ecuación anterior en la ecuación general 6 24 + 𝐶2 Ecuación 5. De la ecuación 5 obtenemos 𝐶1 el cual para poder ver el comportamiento tiene como valor que tiene la sección. 𝑤𝑙 2 𝑤𝑙 3 𝐶1 = − ∗ Bibliografía 6 24 Ecuación de Deflexión de la Viga Deflexiones en vigas: Ecuación de Bernoulli. (2016, 20 septiembre). 1 𝑤𝑥 4 [Vídeo]. YouTube. 𝑣= − + 𝐶1 ∗ 𝑥 𝐴𝑦𝑥3 24 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= 𝐸𝐼( ) 6 Z0i4TkwNgv0&feature=youtu.be&f bclid=IwAR1gMcmUD42GAwNuP 𝑣 = −0.000000000003368 CviA4XnnDFn2KcT59OHqF5_aHP Hsg0ZwYJnoJtN6dQ PREZI. (2016, 9 Con esto encontramos los momentos de julio). DEFORMACIÓ N DE inercia, el cual se encuentran en la tabla, VIGAS: MÉTODO DE LA DOBLE en este caso las inercias serian INTEGRACIÓ N. prezi.com. https://prezi.com/mjjlbvpns1qr/defor 𝐼𝑥 = 8.64 ∗ 10−6 𝑚𝑚4 macion-de-vigas-metodo-de-la- doble-integracion/ 𝐼𝑦 = 3.18 ∗ 10−6 𝑚𝑚4 ITEM. (2018, 2 mayo). Definiciones Conclusiones - Momento de flexión - item Glossar. https://glossar.item24.com/es/indice- - La comunidad de cabrera se de-glosario/articulo/item//momento- encuentra muy a gusto con el de-flexion-1.html proyecto que se pretende realizar en cierto sector, ya que esto va ayudar a que las personas que se recreen este polideportivo no se vea afectado por la lluvia y por el sol y la comunidad no tenga ningún inconveniente al realizar alguna actividad física
- Por los cálculos obtenidos y las
investigaciones correspondientes, pudimos determinar que el momento de flexión de la viga y la deflexión de la viga es acertada para el proyecto que se va a realizar
- De los cálculos hechos podemos
realizar diferentes graficas como la de momentos y cortante de viga