1. The document provides information on various medical conditions, diagnostic criteria, and treatment guidelines in brief snippets.
2. It includes the Ann Arbor staging system for lymphoma, criteria for transudative pleural effusions, components of the CURB-65 score for community-acquired pneumonia, and types and characteristics of emphysema.
3. Measurement methods and clinical implications are summarized for ascitic fluid analysis, hyperkalemia related to platelet count, and acute kidney injury.
1. The document provides information on various medical conditions, diagnostic criteria, and treatment guidelines in brief snippets.
2. It includes the Ann Arbor staging system for lymphoma, criteria for transudative pleural effusions, components of the CURB-65 score for community-acquired pneumonia, and types and characteristics of emphysema.
3. Measurement methods and clinical implications are summarized for ascitic fluid analysis, hyperkalemia related to platelet count, and acute kidney injury.
1. The document provides information on various medical conditions, diagnostic criteria, and treatment guidelines in brief snippets.
2. It includes the Ann Arbor staging system for lymphoma, criteria for transudative pleural effusions, components of the CURB-65 score for community-acquired pneumonia, and types and characteristics of emphysema.
3. Measurement methods and clinical implications are summarized for ascitic fluid analysis, hyperkalemia related to platelet count, and acute kidney injury.
Pseudohiperkalemia: Leucocitosis (> 100.000) trombocitosis(> 600.000) ANN-ARBOR STAGING I = 1 node group, II = 2 groups, same side of diaphragm, III = both sides of diaphragm, extension into organ. IV = BM or liver Diffusion-weighted MRI best for ischemic. CT can be neg 1st 48hrs. MEN- – MEN1- pituitary adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia, pancreatic islet cell tumor. – MEN2a- parathryoid hyperplasia, medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma – MEN2b- medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, Marfanoid Thyroid Lymphoma – Lymphoma Orden de perdida de Hipopituitarismo: #1 FSH and LH #2 GR #3 TSH #4 ACTH RA: Factor reumatoide y anti CCP VWD: Replace factor VIII (contains vWF) >25% or 0.5 rise in creatinine over baseline Work up 1st get blood cx, then start 3rd or 4th gen cephalosporin (ceftazidime or cefipime)
– Add vanc if line infxn suspected or if septic shock develops.
– Add amphoB if no improvement and no source found in 5 days
Light’s Criteria transudative if: LDH < 200 LDH eff/serum < 0.6 Protein eff/serum < 0.5 PE: Pulmonary angiography is gold standard COPDers are chronic CO2 retainers. Hypoxia is the only drive for respiration. CURB-65 SIRS (Systemic Immune Response Syndrome) Formula Temp > 38 c or < 36 c HR > 90/min RR > 20/min or PaCO2 < 32 mmHg WBC > 12000 or < 4000 Índice de Sokolow-Lyon Se obtiene de la suma de la amplitud de la onda S en V1 + la amplitud de la onda R en V5 ó V6, teniendo que ser ≥ 35 mm para Hipertrofia ventricular izquierda. R en V5 ó V6 > 26 mm – Hiperplaquetosis > 400 000 plaquetas/mm3 (aumento 0,15 mEq/l por cada 100 000 plaquetas que se incrementen) en K TYPES Centriacinar/centrilobular emphysema Most common, Damage to central/proximal alveoli of acinus sparing distal alveoli, Individuals who smoke (irritants can't reach distal alveoli); upper lobes of lungs Panacinar emphysema: Entire acinus uniformly affected, A1AT deficiency; lower lobes of lungs Paraseptal emphysema: Distal alveoli most affected, Lung tissue on periphery of lobules near interlobular septa, Ballooned alveoli on lung surface rupture → pneumothorax The SAAG is obtained by subtracting the level of albumin in the ascitic fluid from that in the serum, both measured at the same time. A value ≥ 1.1 g/dl (or 11 g/l) indicates underlying portal hypertension or hepatic congestion; a value < 1.1 g/dl indicates aetiologies not due to portal hypertension, such as malignancy, pancreatitis or infection. GBS: Treatment options • Intravenous immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg daily for 5 d • Plasma exchange (200–250 ml/kg for 5 sessions) El FRA se define como cualquiera de las siguientes situaciones (No clasificado): • Aumento de SCr en ≥ 0,3 mg/dl (≥ 26,5 μmol/l) en 48 horas; o • Aumento de SCr hasta ≥ 1,5 veces el valor basal, que se sabe, o se presume, se ha producido en los 7 días anteriores, o • Volumen de orina <0,5 ml/kg/h durante 6 horas 1 gramo de sulfato de magnesio equivale a 4 mmol, 8 mEq o 98 mg de magnesio elemental AR: Desviación cubital de los dedos, a menudo con subluxación palmar de las falanges proximales. • Hiperextensión de las interfalángicas proximales, con flexión compensadora de las interfalángicas distales (deformación en cuello de cisne). • Flexión de la interfalángica proximal y extensión de la distal (deformidad en boutonnière o en ojal). • En el primer dedo, hiperextensión de la interfalángica y flexión de la metacarpofalángica (pulgar en Z)