Drainage pipe system / building

sewers
Group 1
Adarlo, shiela mae
Acob, nosraida
Adona, noli Patrick
Afable, celso jr
Agana, john hendrix
Ø It is the arrangement provided in a house or building for collecting or conveying waste
water through drain pipes, by gravity, to join either a public sewer or a domestic septic
tank is termed as house drainage or building drainage.

Ø Building sewer is the general term that refers to the piping/conduits that connect the
wastewater sources of a building to the municipal sewer system for treatment or
disposal. This term can be used to describe the sewer piping in public buildings,
commercial establishments, homes and industrial structures/plants.
Ø SURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM

ØSUBSURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM

ØSLOPE DRAINAGE SYSTEM

Ø DOWNSPOUT AND GUTTER SYSTEM

It contain shallow ditches dug in a parallel pattern,
which act as canals for run-off water. Theses ditches
lead the water into the main drain to avoid water
pooling and flooding.

Is also known as a French drain. Subsurface drains are

placed beneath the top layer of soil to remove excess
water at the root level. Subsurface drains require the
digging of deep ditches and the installation of
underground pipes.
Allow water to flow downward from a structure
with the aid of pipes moving down a slope. A
pipe is installed and anchored into a small
incline, which causes water to flow through
the pipe and away from the structure

collect water from gutters and divert it to

the ground. A downspout is typically
connected to a gutter system on a building
and carries water away from the roof
down to the ground
ØTWO PIPE SYSTEM

ØONE PIPE SYSTEM

ØSINGLE STACK SYSTEM

ØPARTIALLY VENTILATED
SINGLE STACK SYSTEM
Ø This is the best and most improved
system of plumbing. Two sets of
vertical pipes, one for excreta
(night soil) as soil pipe and another
for sullage as waste pipe. The soil
pipes as well as waste pipes are
separately ventilated, by providing
separate vent pipe or anti-siphon
age pipe. This system has four
vertical pipes.
q ONE PIPE SYSTEM
ØInstead of using two separate
pipes for excreta and sullage,
only one vertical main pipe is
provided, which collects both
night soil and sullage water. The
main pipe is ventilated at the top,
in addition, a separate vent pipe
is also provided. This system has
two vertical pipes.
Ø This system is having a single pipe
for soil, waste and vent without any
separate ventilation pipe. It uses
only one pipe, which carries night
soil as well as sullage and the same
pipe is extended up to 2 m above
roof level with a cowl to act as vent
pipe for removal of gases.
Ø This is an improved form of single
stack system, where the traps of
the water closets are ventilated, by
a separate vent pipe, called relief
vent pipe. This system uses two
pipes as in single pipe system.
The single soil and waste pipe is
connected to vent pipe and thus
cost is reduce.
Ø Traps are U shaped fixtures that have Water seal in it. This water in
the trap creates a seal that prevents sewer gas from passing from
the drain pipes back into the occupied space of the building.
.
Essentially all plumbing fixtures including sinks, bathtubs, and toilets
must be equipped with either an internal or external trap.
Ø Common Gases that Are Produced in a Sewage System
- Methane
- Hydrogen Sulfide
- Nitrogen
- Carbon Monoxide
A TRAP HAS FOLLOWING FEATURES
Traps are an integral part of a modern sanitary system,
•The traps should be of a self-cleansing pattern.
• Traps for use in domestic waste should be convenient
for cleaning.
• A good trap should maintain an efficient water seal
under all conditions of flow.
REQUIREMENTS OF GOOD TRAP:

1. IT SHOULD BE CAPABLE OF BEING EASILY CLEANED.

2. IT SHOULD BE EASILY FIXED WITH THE DRAIN.
3. IT SHOULD BE OF SIMPLE CONSTRUCTION.
4. IT SHOULD POSSESS SELF-CLEANSING PROPERTY.
5. THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SURFACES SHOULD
BE OF SMOOTH FINISH.
Exit in to the wall behind the sink

Used in toilet under water closet

This trap is usually used with

Siphon age pipe
Ø Floor Traps (Nahni Trap)

Ø Gully Traps

Ø Intercepting Traps
q Floor Traps (Nahni Trap)

Ø This trap is generally used to admit

sullage from the floors of rooms,
bathrooms, kitchen etc. in to the sullage
pipe. This is provided with cast iron or
stainless steel or galvanized gratings
(Jallis) at its top so that the entry of larger
matter is prevented thereby chances of
blockage are reduced.
Ø Gully trap or gully is provided at a
junction of a roof drain and other drain
coming from kitchen or bathroom

Ø Intercepting traps is provided at junction

of a house sewer and municipal sewer for
preventing entry of foul gases of
municipal sewer in to the house drainage
system.
These are plumbing fixtures mainly used for hand
washing

Sinks are the plumbing fixtures provided in kitchens

for cleaning utensils
A circular waste hole at the bottom of bath
tub is provided for drainage purpose. Bath
Tub is the plumbing fixtures provided in the
bathroom for taking bath.

A water closets is a pan like water flushed

plumbing fixture designed to remove
human excreta directly and dispose the
same in to the soil pipe through trap.
a bowl or other receptacle, typically
attached to a wall in a toilet, into
which men may urinate.
Ø House Drainage should be preferable laid by side of the building
to facilitate easy repair and better maintenance.

Ø The sewage or sullage should flow under the force of gravity.

Ø The house sewer should always be straight. The entire system should
be well ventilated from start to the end.
Ø The house sewer should be connected to the manhole such that the invert level is
sufficiently higher to avoid back flow of sewage in house sewer.

Ø Where ever there is change in direction of sewer line in the premises, provide
inspection chamber at the junction

Ø House sewer joints should be leek proof because leakage if any shall create an odour
problem and leaked wastewater shall infiltrate in the ground and shall reduce bearing
capacity of soil below foundation, which is not desirable.

Ø Siphonage action can never be permitted and therefore adequate ventilation systems
should be installed
Build
ing
Sewer
Types of
•Separate
system
•combined
sewerage
• Separate
System
- In this
system
the
sanitar
y
sewage
and storm
water
are
carried
separate
ly in
• Combined
sewerage
system
-In this
system
the
sewage
and storm
water are
carried
combine in
• Partially se
This
system is
the
compromise
between
separate
and combine
system
taking the
advantages
of both
Types of sewer a
• Asbestos
Cement (AC)
sewer
• Brick
sewer
• Cement
Sewer
• Cast Iron
Asbestos Cement (AC) sewer
- these
are
manufactu
red from
mixture of
cement and
asbestos
fiber.
Asbestos
cement (AC)
sewers are
Advantage of Asbe
• Smooth
• Light in
weight
• Can be easily
be cut,fitted
Dis-advantages of (
and drilled
• Brittle cannot
• Durable
withstand
against soil
heavy loads
corrosion
• They are easily
Brick Sewers
- These
types of
sewers are
made at
side and
used for
constructi
on large
size sewer.
-They are
very
Cement concret
PCC - for diameters
upto 60 cm.
- -Suitable for
RCC
small- For
storm drains.
diameters
Not durable.
greater than 60
-They may
be cast in pre
cast,
Cement Concrete Sew
Cast Iron ( CI) Sewers
- These types of
sewer are high
strength and
durability
water tight.
Cast Iron sewers
withstand hign
internal pressure
and can bear
external load.
Cast Iron (AC) Sew
Steel Sewers:
The steel
sewers are
impervious,
light,
resistant to
high pressure,
flexible,
suitable in
the following
The sewage is
carried
Plastic Sewers:
-Nowadays PVC
sewers are
used for
carrying
sewage and
they are
resistant to
corrosion .
-Plastic
sewers are
light in
Ø https://dailycivil.com/sy
stem-of-plumbing-one-pipe-
Ø https://www.collinsdicti
two-pipe-system/
onary.com/dictionary/en
Ø glish/drainage
https://issuu.com/foxdrainage/
docs/4_types_of_drainage_s
Ø https://www.schoolof
ystem_that_kee
pe.com/blog/2017/08/bas
ic-types-of-
Ø http://www.idconline.com/techni
residential-
cal_references/pdfs/civil_engin
drainage-
eering/Sewers_and_Types_of_Sewer
https://www.slideshare.net/BISHALKH
Ø systems.html
s
ANAL1/traps-and-its-types-
Ø used-in-a-building
https://www.drainage.net/arohtho
mbre/drainage-system-for-a-
building?fbclid=IwAR097XnWkxDffEinDE
eHLL4wJYL9A1AUkxl-
7u0jHc9BGKQBRaCVkhs4ykU