GRLWEAP VIEW OPTIONS Page 1 of 22

GRLWEAP Input Forms

l Main Input Form
l Pile 1 Input Form (Second Toe)
l Pile 2 Input Form
l Resistance Distribution: Pile 1 Input Form
l Resistance Distribution: Pile 2 Input Form
l Depths, Modifiers Input Form
l Soil Type-Based Input Form
l SPT N-Value-Based Input Form
l Edit Hammer Database
l View Input File

Main Input Form

The Main Input Form below is divided into 11 sections labeled A though K, each of these sections is divided into
several subsections or windows. The following briefly defines the displayed option and/or parameters, accessed
via selecting the following links or clicking on the corresponding location on the graphic. Additional information is
available in the appropriate help sections.

Note: Specific help on current parameters can be obtained by pressing the "F3" key.

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Section A
A.1 File - provides for several standard windows options
New - Start a new input file, recommended when starting a project; see also the "New"
input file icon in main toolbar or "Ctrl+N" keys
Open ... Open a previously made input file, either a 2002 or Later File (*.GWW) or a Pre
2002 Input File (*.GWI), see also "Open GRLWEAP 2002 or Later File" icon in main
toolbar
Close - Close input file
Analyze Input - Analyze the current data, see also "A" or "Analyze Current Input" icon in main
toolbar or "F2" key
Save Input File - Save the current data to file, see also "Save Input File" or disk icon in main toolbar
or "Ctrl+S" keys
Save Input File As - Save the current data to file under a new name, recommended when a data set has
been modified so that the unmodified version of the data set is not overwritten
Print ... Option to print the pile model, see also "Print" icon in main toolbar or "Ctrl+P" keys
Print Preview - To preview the printed pile model page
Print Setup ... To select printer settings
License ... To update registration or transfer the software key license
File Names - List of previously opened input files
Exit - Exit the GRLWEAP program
A.2 Edit

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Undo - To undo the last executed command, see also "Ctrl+Z" keys
Cut - To delete the selected text or graphic, see also "Ctrl+X" keys
Copy - To copy the selected text or graphic, see also "Ctrl+Num 0" keys
Copy Special ... To copy the selected text or graphic as a user-selected file type, for use with Soil
Distribution inputs
Paste - Inserts the contents of the Clipboard, see also "Shift+Num 0" keys
Paste Special ... Inserts the contents of the Clipboard as a user-selected file type, for use with Soil
Distribution inputs
A.3 View
Toolbar - Toggles the Toolbar (Sections B and C) on or off
Status Bar - Toggles the Status Bar (bottom of screen) on or off
Main Input Form - Displays the Main Input Form when not displayed, see also "Main Input" icon in
main toolbar
Pile 1 Input Form - Displays the 1st pile Input Form when not displayed, Two Pile option must be
selected, see also "Pl" icon
Pile 2 Input Form - Displays the 2nd pile Input Form when not displayed, Two Pile option must be
selected, see also "P2" icon
Resistance Distr., Pile Displays the Resistance Distribution Input for Pile 1 Form when not displayed, Two
1 Input Form - Pile option must be selected, see also "Sl" icon in main toolbar
Resistance Distr., Pile Displays the Resistance Distribution Input for Pile 2 Form when not displayed, Two
2 Input Form - Pile option must be selected, see also "S2" icon in main toolbar
Depths, Modifiers Displays the Depth Driving System Modifications Input Form when not displayed,
Input Form - Driveability option must be selected, see also "D" icon in main toolbar
Simple Static Analysis Displays the Soil Profile Input dialogue box when not displayed, see also "Simple
Input - Soil Type Method" or "ST" icon
Static Analysis Input Displays the Soil Profile Input for Static Analysis dialogue box when not displayed,
Form - Driveability option must be selected, aids the input of soil profile information, see
also "SPT N-Method" or "SA" icon in main toolbar
Edit Hammer Displays the Hammer Maintenance dialogue box; to input, modify or create a
Database - hammer model
Output - For printed or graphic output, see "O" icon in main toolbar
View Input File - Displays the file folder and file name of the current data input file
A.4 Options
Check Status - Checks the completeness of the input data for the given analysis
Job Information - Allows for entering of Project Description and input File Name
General Options - Damping - choose Soil Damping Option (Case, Smith, Smith viscous, Coyle and
Gibson, Rausche), Hammer

Damping Option and Pile Damping Option

Output - choose Variables vs. Time output option, Output Segments and level of
Numerical Output
Numeric - choose Residual Stress Analysis, Hammer and Pile gravity, Time
Increment Ratio, Number of Iterations,

Hammer Cushion and Pile Cushion Round Out, and Analysis Duration

Stroke - choose Convergence type and Criterion and level of Fuel Setting
Pile Parameters ... Pile Segment Option - Input of segment number, length, stiffness, and weight

Splices - Input of Slack and Splice Information

Additional Input - Input of Coefficient of Restitution and Round Out value at pile top
Pile Profile Section Input - Displays the Pile Profile dialogue box, Non Uniform Pile
or Two Pile option must be

selected, aids the input of variable pile profile information, see also "Section Input"
or "Pile Profile" icon
Soil Parameters ... Soil Segment Damping/Quake - Input of individual damping values, if detailed soil
resistance values were chosen
Extended Soil Model - Input of Toe Model and Radiation Damping Model

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parameters, for research only

Hammer Parameters - Allows for entering certain hammer parameters to override information in hammer
data file
A.5 Tools
Clean ... Reclaim hard disk space by removing or purging the GRLWEAP output and
temporary files, select from "Clean Current Directory", "Clean Current Project" and
"Clean Selected Directory"
Settings ... Indicator - Toggles the location indicator on graphs on or off
A.6 Window
New Window
Cascade
Tile
Arrange Icons
A.7 Help
Help Topics Display program Help dialogue box
Help on Selected Item Display specific help on the current the parameters, e.g. Drive System, Area
Calculator and Pile Material Property
About GRLWEAP Display program version and software registration information

Section B
Standard Icons starting from the left perform the following:
B.1 New Input File - preferred for starting a data input
B.2 Open GRLWEAP 2002 or Later File - for modifying an existing problem
B.3 Save Input File - saving a modified input file without change of file name
B.4 Print - option to print the pile model
B.5 About - About GRLWEAP, see A.7
B.6 Help for Current Item- Help on Selected Item, see A.7

Section C
GRLWEAP Display and Action Icons:
C.1 Main Input - Displays the Main Input Form
C.2 P1 - Displays the Pile Profile Input Form for Pile 1
C.3 P2 - Displays the Pile Profile Input Form for Pile 2, used when Two Pile analysis has been selected
C.4 S1 - Displays the Resistance Distribution Input Form for Pile 1
C.5 S2 - Displays the Resistance Distribution Input Form for Pile 2, used when Two Pile analysis has been
selected
C.6 D - Displays the Depth Driving System Modifications Form, used when Driveability analysis has been
selected
C.7 ST - Displays the Soil Profile Input Form
C.8 SA - Displays the Soil Profile Input for Static Analysis, used when Variable Resistance Distribution has been
selected
C.9 Pile Profile - Displays the Pile Profile Input Form, used when Non Uniform Pile or Two Pile analysis has been
selected
C.10 A - Analyzes the current input
C.11 O - Displays the available output generated from the most recently analyzed data

Section D
GRLWEAP Drop Down Menus:
D.1 Units
SI
English
D.2 Resistance Distribution
Simple Resistance Distribution - uses Distribution Shape Number and Penetration value of Main Input
Screen
Variable Resistance Distribution - specify complex shaft resistance distribution

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Detailed Resistance Distribution - specify static resistance for individual segments

D.3 Pile Type
Uniform Pile - pile top properties are sufficient to setup pile model
Non Uniform Pile - requires input of pile profile
Two Pile - a relatively complex option that might be useful for mandrel driven piles
D.4 Analysis Option
Bearing Graph - proportional shaft resistance
Bearing Graph - constant shaft resistance
Bearing Graph - constant end resistance
Inspector's Chart - computes variable stroke and blow count for fixed capacity
Driveability - depth-based analysis, requires shaft resistance and end bearing vs. depth input, generated
using GRLWEAP's simple soil type method

Section E
E.1 Enter Project Title Here - should be replaced with a relevant title
E.2 Hammer Information - either type in a number for ID or click on the hammer in the hammer list, the Hammer
List can be organized by hammer ID, Name, or Energy/Power by clicking on the corresponding header

Section F
Hammer parameters, values may also be entered in Options/Hammer:
Parameters/Hammer Override Data
a. For OED and CED type hammers
F.1 Efficiency - may be modified by user
F.2 Pressure - pressure values can be enter directly or as a percentage of the Max, the status of
"Fixed" is displayed when Stroke option "Convergence of Stroke with fixed
pressure" or "Single analysis with fixed stroke and pressure" is chosen and a status
of "Variable" when Stroke option "Convergence of pressure with fixed stroke" is
chosen
F.3 Stroke - may be modified by user and the status of "Variable" is displayed when Stroke
option "Convergence of Stroke with fixed pressure" is chosen and a status of
"Fixed" when Stroke option "Convergence of pressure with fixed stroke" or "Single
analysis with fixed stroke and pressure" is chosen
b. For ECH type hammers
F.1 Efficiency - may be modified by user
F.2 Stroke - may be modified by user, followed by the status of "ECH" and "Fixed" for External
Combustion Hammer and Fixed Stroke, respectively
c. For VIB type hammers
F.1 Efficiency - may be modified by user
F.2 Frequency - may be modified by the user in a manner similar to stroke changes for ECH,
followed by the status "VIB" for Vibratory Hammer
F.4 Pile material - Based on the pile material selection of concrete, steel or timber several default cushion and
pile values will be set

Section G
Cushion Information:
a. Hammer Cushion
G.1 Area - Cross sectional area of hammer cushion (see Note 1)
G.2 Elastic Modulus - see Note 2
G.3 Thickness - see Note 2
G.4 COR - Coefficient of Restitution (see Note 2)
G.5 Stiffness - in place of G.1, G.2, G.3
G.6 Helmet Weight - see Note 2
b. Pile Cushion
G.7 Area - Cross sectional area of pile cushion (see Note 1)
G.8 Elastic Modulus - see Note 2

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G.9 Thickness - see Note 2

G.10 COR - Coefficient of Restitution (see Note 2)
G.11 Stiffness - in place of G.7, G.8 and G.9 input
Note 1: For area calculator, place cursor on this field and press F3
Note 2: For help, place cursor on this field and press F3

Section H
Pile Information:
H.1 Length - the total length of the pile
H.2 Penetration - not for driveability; analysis shifts pile relative to soil resistance distribution
H.3 Section Area - see Note 1
Note 3: Item H3, H4, H5 and H6 refer to pile top properties. For non uniform piles, additional pile profile
information is needed
H.4 Elastic Modulus
H.5 Specific Weight
H.6 Toe Area - assumes a plug condition using area calculator, unless user modifies value
H.7 Perimeter
H.8 Pile Size - updated using area calculator to reflect pile type and size
* The following two information windows refer to options set in Option, Pile Parameters
H.9 Number of Segments - indicates number of pile segments, if specified by user
H.10 Segment Length - indicates whether automatic or manual segment length option is selected
H.11 Segment Stiffness - indicates whether automatic or manual segment stiffness option is selected
H.12 Segment Weight - indicates whether automatic or manual segment weight option is selected
H.13 Number of Splices - indicates how many splices have been set
H.14 Distance
H.15 Tension Slack
H.16 COR
H.17 Round Out

Section I
Ultimate Capacities or Resistance Gain/Loss Factors:
I.1-10 Ultimate Capacities or Resistance Gain/Loss Factors, for Driveability analysis
I.11 Increment - of capacities, to fill capacity array click on a capacity field after selecting an increment
I.12 Action >> - allows for resetting of capacities, interpolating in zero fields between capacity values, or for
automatic inputting of capacities

Section J
Soil Parameters:
a. Quake
J.1 Shaft Quake
J.2 Toe Quake
J.3 Indicates with "Const." that shaft quakes are equal and with "Var." that static resistance and/or quake
segments input option was selected using

Detailed Resistance
b. Damping
J.4 Shaft Damping
J.5 Toe Damping
J.6 Indicates with "Const." that shaft damping values are equal and with "Var." that individual shaft damping
input was selected in Options/Soil

Parameters/Soil Segment Damping/Quake

J.7 Indicates damping type selected in Options/General Options/Damping
c. Shaft Resistance
J.8 Percentage - percentage of shaft resistance must be greater than 0, except for Driveability analysis

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J.9 Distribution Shape Number - for simplified distribution

Section K
Graphic visual of hammer, driving system, pile, and soil model

Section L
GRLWEAP Status Bar

Section M
Residual Stress Analysis:
M.1 Residual Stress Analysis

Pile 1 and 2 Input Form

l Pile 1 Input Form
l Pile 2 Input Form

Pile 1 Input Form

Pile 2 Input Form

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Pile 1 and 2 Material Inputs

Use Add Row, Delete Row and/or Insert Row to add, delete, or insert input lines for a complete pile description.
Note that 0 entries would default to corresponding values of the previous line. The graphics on the right half of the
screen provides for an easy check of the input data. Function keys F1 and F3 provide help.

Depth: Enter the depth (ft or m) for which pile properties are specified. Where sudden changes of
pile properties occur, the same depth value must be entered in two consecutive rows (lines).

X-area: Enter the cross sectional area of the pile in inch2 or cm2. Press function key F3 for help in
computing the pile's cross section.

E-Modulus: Enter the pile elastic modulus in ksi or MPa. Press function key F3 for help.

Spec. Wt.: Enter the pile specific weight in lb/ft3 or kN/m3. Press function key F3 for help.

Perimeter: Enter the perimeter of the pile in ft or m. This information is used in Driveability Analyses
for the calculation of shaft resistance from unit resistance and is therefore not needed for Bearing
Graph or Inspector's Chart analyses. For H-piles perimeter is often thought to be the box area
around the edges of the pile.

Strength: Enter the appropriate material properties with units consistent in ksi or MPa. This
information is only necessary for piles consisting of more than one material. It is used to determine
which stresses are critical and those are entered in the summary table.

Resistance Distribution: Pile 1 and 2 Input Forms

l Resistance Distribution: Pile 1 Input Form
l Resistance Distribution: Pile 2 Input Form

Resistance Distribution: Pile 1 Input Form

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Resistance Distribution: Pile 2 Input Form

Depths, Modifiers Input Form

General Remarks:

This form is only needed for driveability analyses. This option screen can be entered by clicking on the D icon or
using the pull down menus View, Depths, Modifiers Input Form. It accepts those depth values that the
GRLWEAP user wants to analyze in a driveability analysis; this input is necessary for driveability analyses. At the
specified depths the driveability analyses will calculate a bearing graph specified through gain/loss factors.
Driving system modifiers include hammer efficiency, pressure adjustments or pile cushion parameters. Also, a
choice can be made of temporary pile length and a waiting time (duration of a driving interruption); these are
optional inputs for driveability analyses and are only effective if also the soil properties "Relative Energy" and
"Setup Time" are specified in the Resistance Distribution Input Form (S1). The following example demonstrates
the utility of this input.

Example: Suppose a concrete pile is driven first with a reduced length of 15 m and then a second section is
spliced to it once the pile has been driven to a depth of 14 m. Splicing of the pile segments causes a two hour
driving interruption. The splicing will give the pile its final length of 30 m as per the basic pile length information.
Let us also assume that an air hammer is used on the short pile with 0.9 m stroke. After splicing the hammer is
operated with a 1.5 m stroke.

The table below shows that a first analysis is to be performed at a depth of 10 m for the 15 m long pile with a
stroke of 0.9 m and an efficiency of .75. (This efficiency value may be different from the hammer data file; for short
stroked hammers efficiencies are often somewhat better than for hammers that run at full stroke). The stiffness of

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the pile cushion and its coefficient of restitution are left at the defaults provided by the pile cushion input (need not
be entered here). A second analysis will be performed at 14 m depth with no change in length or driving system
parameters.

The third line of the input table shows that the 14 m analysis will be repeated with full pile length, and that a 2 hour
waiting time will be considered in the calculation of the shaft soil resistance. The wait time input will only have an
effect for the analyses of the first gain/loss factor and only if that first gain/loss factor is less than 1.0. Furthermore,
soil property input has to be made for setup time and relative energy. The input of the table furthermore indicates
that a reduced efficiency with a higher stroke will be analyzed and that it is assumed that the pile cushion will
eventually be 2.5 times stiffer and have a lower coefficient of restitution. Additional depths to be analyzed (20 and
25 m) use the same pile length and driving system values as the 14 m - after splice - depth. (Note this is an input
demonstration - not a recommendation of certain input data; also, for reasonably accurate results of driving time,
setup and loss of setup, additional, more closely spaced depth values should be analyzed).

Pile Cushion
Temp. Diesel Stiffness Cushion
Depth Wait Time Stroke Efficiency
Length Pressure Factor COR
m (ft) m (ft) hours m (ft) % 1.0
10 15 0.9 .75 1.25 .5
14 1.25
14 30 2 1.5 .65 1.5 .33
15 2.0
20 2.25
25 2.50

Depths, Modifiers; Description of Variables

Pile Length:
This is information only and shows the final pile length of the basic input (feet or meters).

Depth Inc.:
The increment value in feet or meters used when adding a new row to the end of the table.

Depth:
Enter the pile toe depth below grade or reference (which is the zero depth of the soil resistance
input) in feet or meters, at which an analysis is to be performed. Depth values must not be greater
than "Pile Length".

Temporary Length:
Enter the temporary pile length in feet or meters, either if the "Pile Length" changes at the "Depth" to
be analyzed or if , for the first line of input, the "Temp. Len." is less than "Pile Length".

Wait Time:
Enter the wait time for driving interruptions (hours) for the corresponding depth. Driving interruptions
such as for pile splicing operations may cause soil setup. For this reason, it may be of interest to
perform a driveability analysis with variable setup. Requires setup time and relative energy
information in the resistance input.

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Stroke:
Enter the hammer stroke (feet or meters) to be analyzed, at the corresponding analysis depth. The
stroke is subject to the Stroke Option for diesels. The user is responsible for entering reasonable
strokes; if the stroke does not change, no input is required. For vibratory hammers this input column
can be used for modifying the hammer frequency.

Diesel Pressure:
Enter the hammer combination pressure reduction as a percent of the maximum listed in the
hammer data file at the corresponding analysis depth, for diesels with a stepwise adjustable fuel
pump (see also Fuel Setting Option). No change of fuel setting will occur if left at zero.

Efficiency:
Enter the hammer efficiency as a decimal for the corresponding analysis depth. See also description
of the Hammer Efficiency in the Hammer Override section. (This is not a multiplier! This value has to
be entered as a decimal, not as a percentage). No change of efficiency occurs if zero.

Pile Cushion Stiffness Factor:

Enter the stiffness factor as a decimal for the corresponding analysis depth. This value is a
multiplier, applied to the original Pile Cushion Stiffness. It may be greater than, equal to or less than
1. If greater than 1.0, this value allows the simulation of the hardening of the cushion with increasing
number of blows. A value less than 1.0 may be used to represent the very early, soft cushion
behavior. A zero (or blank) input will cause no change from the previously analyzed modifier -
concrete piles only.

Pile Cushion C.O.R.:

Enter the Pile Cushion Coefficient of Restitution, usually 0.5 for wood - concrete piles only.

Frequency:
Enter the frequency (Hz) for vibratory hammer to be analyzed at the corresponding analysis depth.

Soil Type-Based Input Form

General Remarks:

This method is primarily intended as an aid in the input process for bearing graph analyses for which it calculates
the percentage of shaft resistance and the shaft resistance distribution and for which it selects reasonable
dynamic soil resistance parameters based on a very crude soil description and classification. As with all of such
approximate calculation or estimation methods, the user should become familiar with the basic concept of static
soil analysis and its limitations and perform comparison analyses using other methods to avoid serious errors.

If SPT N-values are available or if unit resistance values are known, the user should input known soil-related
parameters via the SA method, accessible in View, Static Analysis Input Form from the Resistance Distr. Pile 1
Input Form for Driveability analysis, for a more accurate analysis.

l For Non-Cohesive Soils

l For Cohesive Soils
l Simple Soil Profile Input Form

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l Simple Soil Profile Input Procedure

l Alternate Input Options

For Non-Cohesive Soils

The program applies the ß-Method (Effective Stress Method). With this method, the unit shaft resistance is:

RS = ß pO [kPa]

with ß being the Bjerrum-Burland beta coefficient and related to earth pressure coefficient and friction angle
between pile and soil and pO, the average effective overburden pressure along the pile shaft.

The unit toe resistance is:

Rt = Nt Pt (kPa)

where:

Nt = Toe bearing capacity coefficient

Pt = Effective overburden pressure at the pile toe

The method converts the following soil descriptions to soil unit weight, ß-value and Nt-value. The user can use the
SPT N-values (corrected for the effect of overburden pressure) given in the following table to find the
corresponding soil classification.

The following table summarizes the resistance parameters used in the ST analysis:

Soil Type SPT N Friction Unit Weight ß Nt Limit (kPa)

Angle

deg. kN/m3 Rs Rt

Very loose 2 25 - 30 13.5 0.203 12.1 24 2400

Loose 7 27 - 32 16 0.242 18.1 48 4800

Medium 20 30 - 35 18.5 0.313 33.2 72 7200

Dense 40 35 - 40 19.5 0.483 86.0 96 9600

Very Dense 50+ 38 - 43 22 0.627 147.0 192 19000

For Cohesive Soils

For cohesive soils, ST applies a modified a-method, also called total stress method and relies on the unconfined
compressive strength, qu, of the soil layer. The qu-value and, based on it, the unit shaft resistance and end
bearing values are shown as a function of soil type and a representative N-value in the following table:

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Soil Type SPT N qu Unit Weight Rs Rt

kPa kN/m3 kPa kPa

Very soft 1 12 17.5 3.5 54

Soft 3 36 17.5 10.5 162

Medium 6 72 18.5 19 324

Stiff 12 144 20.5 38.5 648

Very stiff 24 288 20.5 63.5 1296

hard 32+ 384+ 19 - 22 77 1728

Simple Soil Profile Input Form

To access the simple soil profile input form, the user must enter values for the pile toe area and perimeter on the
main input screen. Following is the layout of the Simple Soil Profile Input Form:

Simple Soil Profile Input Procedure

Following are tools and commands associated with this form:

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Number of Layers Select number of layers for the approximate soil profile. In general an
increased number of layers will generate a better estimate for the soil
parameters and ultimate capacity.

Final Depth Enter the final depth, as referenced from the ground surface or mudline.

Water Table Enter the water table depth relative to the ground surface or mudline. If
grade is underwater, enter 0.

Eff. Overburden at Grade Enter the effective overburden at grade, if applicable or retain default
value of 0.0.

Use the following tools to aid in navigation through each soil layer. From
left to right, they are:

Go to 1st soil layer,

Go to previous soil layer (PgUp),

Number of currently selected soil layer,

Go to next soil layer (PgDn),

Go to last soil layer,

Total number of soil layers.

Layer Top Depth Program inputs a value, as determined from user input.

Layer Bottom Depth Enter the bottom depth of the currently selected layer or

Layer Thickness enter the thickness of the currently selected soil layer.

Soil Type Select the soil type, classified as none, granular (i.e. non-cohesive), or
cohesive. Classification of none should never be selected and exists only
as a program default if no information is input.

If the granular soil type is selected, the user should select the pertinent
density range.

If the cohesive soil type if selected, the user should select the pertinent
consistency range.

Update When clicked on, program calculates and outputs values for the ultimate
capacity and shaft resistance, based on the input values of pile
perimeter, penetration, toe area, and soil profile. This additional
information may be used as a check on the reasonableness of basic
assumptions but should not serve for design purposes.

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OK Select OK to accept entries and close dialog box. Program will return
user to main input screen and automatically update soil parameters as
Cancel computed from ST analysis.

Help Select Cancel to reject entries and close box.

Select Help to open the help dialog box.

Alternate Input Options

The following, though not recommended for initial data input, may be used by discretion of the user to adjust the
soil layer setup:

To increase or decrease the number of soil layers, click the arrow on

the right of the dialog box and submenu appears:

Add Layer (Ctrl+A) - Add a soil layer to the bottom by splitting the
last soil layer to half and use the parameters from last soil layer,
which is equivalent to use command Split,

Split Layer (Ctrl+S) - Split the selected soil layer to half each,

Insert Layer After (Ctrl+I) - Insert a soil layer after the selected soil
layer and the inserted soil layer has same parameters as the selected
soil layer,

Delete Selected Layer (Ctrl+D) - Delete a selected soil layer and

reduce the depths for the soil layers below,

Delete All Layers - Delete all soil layers and leave one soil layer with
the length equal to pile length.

Notes:

Due to its simplicity, effects of pile size, pile non-uniformity (such as a tapered pile which may have a
relatively high shaft resistance), influence of upper lubricating soils on lower soil layers, the effect of pile
material on the friction, and many other influences normally affecting friction and/or end bearing values
were not considered. Users should therefore adjust the result based on the recommendations in the
literature or their own experience and judgment when this method is used.

SPT N Value-Based Input Form

The GRLWEAP static analysis was designed to help to fill the Resistance Distribution Input Form for Driveability
Analysis. This input option is only available when the Driveability option is selected and the Resistance
Distribution, Pile 1 Input Form is activated. For access, select "Static Analysis Input Form" from the view menu or
click the icon . Refer to Example 19 for detailed entry of one soil profile using SA. Following is the layout of the
Soil Profile Input for Static Analysis dialog:

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The SA dialog consists of three pages:

l Profile/Resistance - Use this page to add/delete soil layers, select soil type and input/change soil's SPT N
Value and unit weight,
l Other Parameters - Use this to enter other soil parameters such as quake, damping, etc.
l SPT N vs. Depth - Use this page to enter SPT N Value vs. depth, which can be used to interpolate SPT N
Value for a given depth.

Profile/Resistance Page
Following are tools and commands associated with this page:

Import/Export a soil profile. Click the arrow on the right side, a

submenu appears with commands as follows:

New - start a new soil profile. A dialog pops up for users to enter
Final Depth, Total Number of Soil Layers, Water Table and
Effective Overburden Pressure,

Import - read a soil profile from a file created previously,

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Export - save the soil profile to a file.

start a dialog for users to change Water Table and Effective

Overburden Pressure.

Increase/decrease number of soil layers. Click the arrow on the

right side, a submenu appears with following commands:

Add Layer (Ctrl+A) - Add a soil layer to the bottom by splitting

the last soil layer to half and use the parameters from last soil
layer, which is equivalent to use command Split Layer on last
soil layer,

Split Layer (Ctrl+S) - Split the selected soil layer to half each,

Insert Layer After (Ctrl+I) - Insert a soil layer after the selected
soil layer and the inserted soil layer has same parameters as the
selected soil layer,

Delete Selected Layer (Ctrl-D) - Delete a selected soil layer and

reduce the depths for the soil layers below,

Delete All Layers - Delete all soil layer and leave one soil layer
with the length equal to pile length.
Tools help to navigate through each soil layer, from left to right,
they are:

go to 1st soil layer,

go to previous soil layer (PgUp),

number of currently selected soil layer,

go to next soil layer (PgDn),

go to last soil layer,

total number of soil layers.

If a SPT N Value vs. Depth Page was completed, click this
button to interpolate STP N Value for a selected soil layer using
the depth to the middle of the layer.
Graphic display of the input, from left to right:

Depth below mudline,

Water table indicator,

Depth to the bottom of each soil layer,

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SPT N Value for each soil layer,

Soil description and type number

When Rock or Other was selected for Soil Type, user must
provide unit friction and end bearing since program does not
compute them automatically.

There are three ways to select a soil layer:

Use to navigate to each soil layer.

Press PgUp or PgDn to navigate to each soil layer.
Click the plot on the left side.

Input procedure for a new soil profile:

Click New from to start a new dialog. Enter Final Depth, Total Number of Soil Layers,
Water Table, and Effective Overburden Pressure.
Click OK to close the dialog and return to the Profile/Resistance Page.
Starting from top to bottom, select each soil layer and do following:
Change the Layer Bottom Depth or Layer Thickness.
Select the Soil Type. Available soil types are listed in following table:

Gravel
For sand, user can specify the grain size and distribution in the two combo boxes
Sand
next to it
For silt, user can specify whether it is cohesionless or cohesive, the default is
Silt
cohesionless
Clay
For rock, beside specifying if it is hard, user need to provide unit friction and end
Rock
bearing at the bottom of this page
Peat or other w/o
This is for soil layers which have no resistance
resistance

For any soil not mentioned, besides specifying whether it is cohesionless or

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cohesive and give a description, user need to provide unit friction and end bearing at
Other
the bottom of this page

Enter SPT N Value.

The Unit Weight is initially computed by the program after completing the above inputs. User can
change this initial value. To restore the computed value, click SPT N Value and press Enter.

Important Notes:

The change of SPT N value results in the change of Unit Weight after pressing enter or moving focus away
from SPT N Value. Changing Unit Weight to the value can/should be done after completing input of SPT N
Value.

The water table and effective overburden pressure can not be changed directly in this page. Use Settings
command button.

Other Parameters Page

After completing the Profile/Resistance page, click the Other Parameters tab to bring up the above page. The
ways to select a soil layer are the same as with the Profile/Resistance page. The soil parameters which must be

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entered here are explained in the Resistance Distribution Input Form.

Here are tools or commands special for this page:

From left to right: parameter label, current parameter value, a button with
name equal to suggested parameter value and unit label. Click the button
to enter the suggested value.
Automatically enter suggested values to ALL parameters for selected soil
layer.
Automatically enter suggested values to selected parameters for ALL soil
layers:

Check the parameters user like to use suggested values for all soil
layers,

Click the button "Auto Selected Parameters for All Layers."

Automatically enter suggested values to ALL parameters for ALL soil

layers.
Reset ALL parameters for ALL soil layers to zeros.

SPT N vs. Depth Page

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Ideally, the user should complete the SPT N vs. Depth page prior to the Profile/Resistance page if opting to use
the SPT N vs. Depth. On the left side is the grid control, which is used to enter depths and SPT N-values. The
tools or commands are on the right side and explained as follows:

Enter the number of SPT N values to be entered.

Add, Insert or Delete row from the grid control.

This value is used when add a row to increase the depth.

After SPT N vs. Depth input is completed, the SPT N-value at any given depth = Z can be interpolated using the
input information and the following equation:

where Z is the middle of the soil layer and should satisfy:

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Ni, Ni+1 - ith and i+1th SPT N Values entered in this page,
Zi, Zi+1 - ith and i+1th Depths entered in this page.

Example: Let's assume a SPT N vs. Depth input as shown. The STP N value at Z = 65 ft is:

Notes:

Due to its simplicity, effects of pile size, pile non-uniformity (such as a tapered pile which may have a
relatively high shaft resistance), influence of upper lubricating soils on lower soil layers, the effect of pile
material on the friction, and many other influences normally affecting friction and/or end bearing values
were not considered. Users should therefore adjust the result based on the recommendations in the
literature or their own experience and judgment when this method is used.

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