/ * 0 1 23 4 -)256 . ! - / 78 9 . )! : .9 ) ,- .

/() *+
(4- =>* */ ;*<

*
, - - ./ 0 + 1 2 + "? @)A 6-) !

C
3

: 6 9, ; + > 2 = 9 9 . + @ A ; > B @ 9 = 7 8 + 9 : 6 , ; :< + 0 +3 4 56

> JG< 9I DE 9 5 + > 2 = 9 . + @ A :F ( 7 8 + 9 + GH : 9B C DE D
50

0 +K 4L 9 E L 4 56 : H M A 9. + @ N M A 4L : < ( + 9 9 : 6 , ; :< + , H 9 C DE
@ A 4 56 : < Q 7 C DE D : 6 N O / 5+ : 9 :7 P @ I >.G< . + @ ;
4

D : 6 > 2 = 9 < + 7 U+ VW. + @ 2 = R9 S T 9 DE S C S T 9 .G< . @9

E L 4 56 9 . Y Z < UT UT < + 2> 9 : < 9 . @ 9 4 56 49 X @ A : 9B 9 C DE
78-69 !"# 1399

. Y >.G< 7 8+ 9 2 ; T N > JG< 19 DE 9, +

. @9 = 0 +3 4 56 , ; + :. E . 9 D-4

Elastic formulation of non-homogenous symmetric shells with arbitrary curvature and

variable thickness by first order shear deformation theory

M. J. Khoshgoftar Department of Mechanical Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran

Abstract
Elastic analysis of a non-homogenous symmetric shells with arbitrary curvature and variable thickness is considered in the present
research. First order Shear Deformation Theory and total potential energy approach is applied for obtaining the governing equations
of non-homogenous symmetric shell. As a special case, the governing equations are rewritten for a cylinder with variable thickness.
Analytical method for constant thickness and Perturbation method for variable thickness are used for solving the governing
equations and obtaining results. The comparison between classical theory and First order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT) are
illustrated with some numerical results. Non-homogenous material, boundary condition effects, non-uniform pressure, arbitrary
curvature with variable thickness are some advantages of current work. Functionally graded material is considered as non-
homogenous material. Gradation is considered for all mechanical properties along the thickness direction based on a power function.
Homogenous material and non-homogenous material by difference in non-homogeneity parameter can be studied with the present
research. There is some applications of varying thickness shells in industrial like aerospace engineering. We can reach to optimum
design of thickness and also some property like high temperature residence by applying non homogenous material.
Keywords: Symmetric shell, elastic analysis, deformation theory.

0 : 7+ h N i 12 S C + @
> JG< .[7] @ 9) 46 ` Q G 9 \ jQY : -1
` Q G @9 \ h NS C > 2 + @ gD/ < + 1 :< 7+[ > 9 7 < +
: : /9 c < 9 ; > 9. 9 `< Z R T. \ 39 79 > G 9
L < , @i + N+ \ S C :< + 7 : R T : GH ] 8 : <
. @ G < 9 B 9 / 6 ,7 D . 8 + V5 D
S X :< U+ 9 N : <B + . :+ 7 9 : 2 : <V;+ <0<K <0@ < 9 <
9: 9 7 <> @ . < <> 9 Z <R T < 5 + G :< ,7 D 8^ S Q 1\ < 9 <4
9 9 . + @ L 39 f 6 + : 39 L ; . @ 9 < + V5 D : < 9 7 G< . [ , Q< < +
39 L : <` 6 : 9 V5 D R T K / + < : 9 S C B GH B 9 ,< _ `
1
FGM U9 9> : 9 k5H , G/ @ Y : <` [ 9 9 1 ; 9 9 < +
. G 1 / 39 L 4G6 9 , H 9 . < `< 1 ,7 , S T `Q L
< ,7 D : < + S 68T N + > 2 X T N P @ 6 : 7 + : QY 7 : 9
S UeX > 7 3 9 9 <> @ : QY . <> 9 0 9Ba , H 9. @ 8+ 19 5GH 9 7
:< de+ L @9 @ + 8+ 9 bc
١
Functionally Graded Material gD/ 9 N 9 7 . @ 9 ` + 9 9 f ; D+ 9 ,
*
mj.khoshgoftar@gmail.com : 1

97/10/20 : !
98/07/01 :( ) !
 >.G< 5+: 9 @ 9 = V5 D : < L Q [11] . 7 . L 2` G 7 @ 1 2 1Y 3 9 2

... : 6 , ; : < + 0 +3 : 9B
,/ . G ; +3 4L 9 N 4L X + 9 . 2f H : 3 7l 9 FG : Q
4 56 : 9 X 49 X X B @9 = kO KH FG @ 82 W, G< 7 @ 9 < 3 B ^ 46
9M 9, @ 9 = : <f , 9 3 9 9 < 5y . @9 + i
. + : /9 X / 6 k DE Y 5 + 0 n X 4L 1852 B + 3
9: 6 , ; + 0 : 9 GH : 9B [12] z 9 >.G< + 5 56 4L .[1] A Y N 5N
9, + : 9B U ( 7 . A C DE 6 / [2] , G< G L P+ +3 = 7 8+
7+ 9 C DE I 7 RX . 9 19 k + 1 S3 U 2 = H U@ : + \9 Y 1 RX 1 . 2
9 k L S3 U 9 , G B U S3 U 9 c = T 4L 1 q > 9. = rT: 6 \9 Y 7
9 [13] . 9 19 :F ( 7 9 + k + [3] - 7 J . = 5 + : 9 5 56
( 7 8 + 9 k DE Y 7 l : < + : 9B k DE Y : : + ,7 D : 9 ; X 4L 2001 B +
2 YS T 9 3 <: 9 \9 Y , 1 . N :F 9 5N / B GH 9 1 . A G < 7 @ N+
B GH 9 {l+ 2 = 39 @9 = 7 8+ 9 5+ @ \ ` , C 5+
. + 9hN:< L + !+ i+ :7 P @ ; 0 Q 5 + M 9 4T L M +6
+ : 9 6 , G 5 56 G 4L [14] , G< + .
3
9 \9 Y R9 P 9 9 1 . G A G < 7 @ N+ . + : ; 7 9 @ 9 = 7 : JD
5y 9 : U9 + 5y | H U@ : + : +7 8+ V5 D : < = 9 e9 u69 9 KH 1 . + @ [4]
. N , : 9 4L ( A 9 {l+ 4 : U9 9 u69 9 : H M Ba A 9 + v : 9 @9
Q L < + : 9 8 : <4 56 N+ + [5] , G< X. N ( > : < 59 X
L [15] K+ : 19 G , H 9 . + @ f\ B @9 = 7 8+ 9 G < 7 @
+ 9 L 9 6 : + : + +3 9 +3 B 1 > 2 = 9 1 . X Ue
h N G 8+ B @9 = 7 Q 1 . X V5 D : <, + 9 P9 79 9 R9 S T
[16] , G< 82 ( N . 2 = U9 S T 9 (N. G f X 5 + 9 k L S3 U i E , + 9
1 . A 2009 B + } 5 + 0 +3 Q O / 6 >.G< 5 + : 9 ; X 4L [6] , G< 82
R9 0 + 9 C S T 9 h NfG 1 . G A B @ 9 = 7 8 + 9 5N N
0 +3 Q 9 [17] , G< : Y . 2 = @9 = > 9 9 N O / > 2 = 9
L 9 6 k DE Y G < 7 @ N+ 5 + <7 Q 1 \9 Y , S C ,/ B
9 , C i L 9 h N C 1 . N . @9 G< QA L Q 7 7 x; 59 @ G<
9 1 . 2 = H U@ S ^ D 7 U9 , ; S T N+: + :< + 2 f \ S ; ;6 9 :
5 + , ; : U9 , 0 5 + 9k L: R7 9 1 . + @ f \ [7] , G< : P+ U9 7 @
k L B U e9 R 7 B GH 9 {l+ . A 2015 2000 : 1 + > 9 7> @ f\ :< + 9
U . + 9, C C i L 9 1 U : 9 B @ 9 = [8] , G< : + . N
GH T ^N : <4L > 9 >.G< O AQY 4 8 + : U9 + 4L 9 1 . 9 9: + + 4 56
k DE Y 5 + 0 +3 + 9 9 [18] A @ . @ 4L \+ H ; 9 6 , G 4 56 7 8 + 9 =
3: 7 U 9 5 + A@. N L 9 6 + 0 +3 4 56 [9] , G< J l . N N 4L
. 4L 2 Y 3 < : 9 k L S3 U k ; ,F G< C + DE 1 . f\ W D k DE Y
5N : < 3 : 9 > JG< 3 < > 9 :7 P @ {l+ > 9 9 9 1 . 2 = N OQ 5N /
4
4 56 . G > U 5y 1 ] Y B GH Y N + !+ : 9 5 56 G 4L S@/ O =
[19] A : P+ >.G< 3 9 5 + 0 +3 [10] G L H. G ; 6 ,G M 9 A =
N S3 U 4L : 9 6 4 8 ( 7 1 . @ + 9 V5 D : < .G< I L 9> 2 = 9
. ,/ N X 8+ ( 7 Q 1 . / 2 + 5 + : 9 <7
Q V5 D :< L: 9 LB @9 = 7 7 . G 8 + N 5y 4 56 : 9 @ 9 = :F
[20] , G< z 7 G , H 9 . + @ 9 9 9
C L :< 9 6 2 + >.G< 5+
1
failure
: 59 . 8 + , 5 G< 4T 7 1 . G 4 56 2
buckling
3
@9 = 7 8+ 9 D : 6 9 + S @ U [21] 4
Shear deformation theory
Perturbation theory
+ 5 + Ba A 9 1 . X + 9 39

70
Y G6 >9 . X Ue eN O : <f I 2
: 6 , ; :< + 7 S@U + 9 9 [22] 3
> JG< 8+ B @9 = 7 1 . N
82 ( N

R9 ( 7 1 . ]D G < 7 Q + {Y
. G 8 + S3 U 4L : 9 14 8
2
0 Q TN> 2 = 9Q 3; 7>
: 9B [23] G L H. + + ~c 9 + : 9
1 . G A 0 Q T N 9 k DE >.G< : < +
4 56 . 2 = C , DE D + : 6
@ •KT ` 4 = 7 8+ 9 0 Q +
9 90 Q + > JG< [25] 56 O = [24]
1 : 9B 2 X + 9 , ;;6 P+ [26] 5
[27] 0 Q + S @ U 4 56 > JG< . + + 9
-)256 . ! - / . )! : ) JK: -1 I
[28] W C , 0 Q + : 9B
. + + ~c 9 @ + 9 N S3 ;
Y e6 : + \9 Y : 6 , ; P @ 4 9 : 6 9 : 6 , ; + : 9B 9 ; >
]D 9. @9 8T + > S; / fG \ @ . @ < N N @9 = 7 8+ 9 C DE D
N 5 + 4 56 9 7 S T 9 B @9 = : 9 4L A 9 = + 9 k L S3 U , + 9 9
. [6 ] @ > 2 = 9. @ < N N M + 9 V5 D : < L
uϕ (z,ϕ ) = u 0 (ϕ ) + u1 (ϕ )z
= 7 8 + 9 4L : A C DE C /
uθ = 0 ( 2)
/ S C 9 G< :7 P @ I . + @ f \ S @ / O
u z (z,ϕ ) =v 0 (ϕ ) +v 1 (ϕ )z
>.G< + { Y . 2 < N X + 9 C DE
: @ V U 7S T 9 Y 9Y:< 8 ,
u 0 = uϕ (0,ϕ ) v 0 = u z (0,ϕ )
9 1 . C DE : + @ 2 =
 ∂uϕ  ( 3) . @ < N , / : 9B : < 59 X : H M A
 ∂u 
v1 =  z  u1 =  
 ∂ z z = 0  ∂z z = 0
68T + ,G , , Q u1 v1 ; RX . )! : ) ) H . /() *+ -2
-` P9 5y S E 9 Y 9 . < ,/ ( B @9: y > 9 9 9 G X>
.[24] @ 79 7S T 9 GH S ^ D : 9 \9 Y D : 6 9 : 6 , ; + 9 k L S3 U :F
1 cos(ϕ )uϕ + sin(ϕ )u z G< 9 = + Re; L W. @ A C DE
εϕϕ = (uϕ ,ϕ + uz ) εθθ =
Rz r 4 @ W , G< . + @ ,/ 1 4 @ , ; 6
1 1 ( 4) V U R2 R1 [ U@ 9 + : 6 + @ ,/
ε zz = u z ,z εϕz = uϕ ,z + (uz ,ϕ − uϕ )
2 2Rz R1 . : 1 V^ 6 + : 6 . @
εϕθ = 0 εz θ = 0 GH 68T 6 [ U@ R2 : 1 V^ : 68T 6 [ U@
P9 7 8+ \9 Y , : 9 (2) P9 > 2 = 9 + 9 7 e9 P+ @ 9 : 1 V^ : 68T 9
: + 9 \9 Y : < 8 ƒ i L 9 ` , ( 4) .[1]
 (0)  ε (1)  3
εϕϕ  εϕϕ   ϕϕ  (1 + r′2 ) 2 1
(1 )
   (0)  R1 = , R2 = r (1 + r′2 ) 2
 (1)  r ′′
 εθθ  εθθ   εθθ 
  =  (0)  + z  (1)  ( 5) S ^ D > U : 9 (ϕ ,z,θ ) PD 6 S^ D . +
 ε zz  ε zz   ε zz 
εϕ z   (0)   (1)  V^ 6 9 GH > 9 7 ϕ . 9 9 , +
  ε  εϕz 
 ϕz 
θ : 1 V^ 6 : GH 5T z , ; 6 : 1
:,
. @9 e6 : 7
 u 0 ,ϕ + v 0   u 1,ϕ + v 1 
ε (0)     (1)  
ε

 ϕϕ  
Rz
 ϕϕ  
Rz

ε (0)   
cos(ϕ )u0 + sin(ϕ ) v 0  (1)   cos(ϕ )u1 + sin(ϕ ) v1 
 θθ     εθθ   
 (0)  =  r  ,  (1)  =  r  ( 6)
ε zz   v1   ε zz   0 
 (0)     (1)   
εϕ z   1 u 1 + 0,ϕ 0   εϕ z  
v − u v 1,ϕ − u 1 
 2    1
DQM
 Rz   Rz  2
piezoelectric
(1) (0)
+ /GN ` rU ε /O ` rU ε

71
 6*/ E* . 9 ! - - .6- N> +*N -1 (4 7 e9 7 8+ 9, k\L L 9 :F S C . @ 9
[

... : 6 , ; : < + 0 +3 : 9B
.[6] G + 6
R2 R1
+
a a :
δU = 2π
(σϕϕδεϕϕ + σ
Ω
zz δε zz + σ θθ δεθθ
(7)
+ +σ ϕz δεϕz )Rz rd ϕdz
a ∞
:
- < P9 \9 Y-` , >@ N 9
r
∞ W D - + 6 7 P9 7 8 + 9 < ` GH S ^ D . +
sin(ϕ0 )
2a 2a .[6] @
: G1+
cosϕ cos3 ϕ σ i = λ (εϕϕ + εθθ + ε zz ) + 2G ε i i = ϕϕ ,θθ ,zz
(8 )
a 2 2 2
a b σ ϕ z = 2G εϕz
1 3 :Z9
(a2sin2 ϕ + b2 cos2 ϕ ) 2 (a2sin2 ϕ + b2 cos2 ϕ ) 2 Y N: S C P 5N / > 2 = 9
i L 9 5N / . G + 6 7 e9 7 8 + 9 ,
- : + :< + < + [ > 9 7 S T 9 N O1 4 @ @ V U S^ D . +
+ <> < ,7 D < + 7 + > . @9 . @ 2 = 5N /
−t
`D9 >
N
.
O /
9
C
= :
9I
< G @ S Q 1\
DE 9 >.G< 5+

δW = 2π P (r,ϕ ,z =
ϕ
2
)δu z d ϕ
(9 )

:< + 7 9 : G , H 9 2 < N X + 9 P9 : ). Y δU = δW :7 \ 4T > 2 = 9

V^ 6 5T : <[ U@ . 2 X + 9 , ; : S3 U E S + 6 : + 0 > JG< (9) (7)
24 @ 5+ LW. + @ 1B Y : 1 . < N + 9 7 P9 S T 9 : 6 , ; + 9k L
. + @ ,/ h
2
cos(ϕ )(R1 + z)
 (d ϕ (rσϕϕ ) − sin(ϕ)(R + z) σθθ
d
δu 0 :
2
−h
2
+ r τϕ z )dz = 0
h
2
cos(ϕ )(R1 + z)
 (d ϕ (rσϕϕ )z− sin(ϕ )(R + z) σθθ z
d
δu1 :
2
−h
2
− rR1τ ϕz )dz = 0
(10)
h
2
R1 + z
 (rσϕϕ + R + z σθθ − d ϕ (r τϕ ))dz = Pr
d
δv 0 : z i
2
−h
2
h
2
R1 + z
δv 1 :
 (rσϕϕz + R + z σθθ z + r σ
2
zz (R1 + z)

-)M*O -2I −h
2
d h
−z (r τϕ z ))dz = −Pri
dϕ 2
π
R1 = ∞ ϕ= @ </ 4 @ W , G< . @9 D : 6 9 + : 9 + 9 S3 U
2
+ 9 P9 U 7 Y C , > 9 9 @ - 5y : <!+ + 9 9 h N : < L U 9 U9 G X
. 79, .k 7
R1d ϕ = dx (11)
P9 (11) e9 @ U Y C > 2 = 9 L A . 9 15 M -3
7 S T 9 (10) P9 797 { = 5+ 9k L D : 6 9: 6 , ; + < : 9 (10) S3 U
. @ < N, 9 - + 9 7 < G . @9 X 9 C DE
. + @ 1B Y : 6 , ; :<

72
Y G6 - ^D/ U 8T , 8T O ] Y Y x @ h
2

 (dx (rσ
d
. + @ , / (19) e9 x @> . @9 δu 0 : xx ))dz = 0

[A1 ]m + [ A2 ]m + [ A3 ] = 0
2
(19) −h
82 ( N

2
h
_ ; : 9 ; /< , , X 8T 9 9 9 2

 (dx (rσ
d
δu1 : xx )z− r τ xz )dz = 0
, / (20) e9 4 @ 9 1 ] Y + 9 G R9
−h
. + @ 2
(12)
h
8 2
{y }h = C {v } e
i =1
i i
mi x
(20) δv 0 :
 (rσ xx −
d
dx
(r τ xz ))dz = Pri
−h
2
4 8 S3 U . + ] Y gD/ i E Ci i E h
2
\ . + 9 5y :7 P @ 7 8 + 9 @9
 (rσ
d h
δv 1 : xx z + r σ zz − z (r τ xz ))dz = −Pri
9 T ^N ] Y .k 2 = 2 + S T 9 5+ dx 2
−h
2
. @ > U + BW / R7 6 +
. + + 9 D DE 9 5 + : 9 (12) P9
+ 9 9 C DE 9I DE 9 5 + U 9
*0 - 78 9 -2-3
. @ N M 4 56 4L : <(
9 4 @ 9 C Y 5 + : 9 (12) P9
. 79, 7S T
1/ P - 78 9 -1-3
d d {y } d d {y }
[B1 ] + [B2 {y }] + B3 + B4 {y } = F (21) 9 f 9 9I Y 9 5 + : 9 (12) P9
dx dx dx dx
:, . 79, 7S T
t B11 B12 0 0  d2 d
2 B13 B14
A1 {y } + A2 {y } + A3 {y } = F (13)
0 0  dx 2 dx
B1 =  −  (R + z )dz
t  0 0 B15 B16  ,
−  
2  0 0 B17 B18  t  A11 A12 0 0 
t  0 0 B21 B22  2  A13 A14 0 0 
2  0 0 B23 B24  A1 =  −  dz
B2 =  −   (R + z )dz t  0 0 A15 A16 
−  
t  0 B25 0 0 
 2  0 0 A17 A18 
−
2  0 B26 0 0  t  0 0 A21 A22 
(22)
t  0 0 0 0  2  0 0 A23 A24 
2  0  A2 =  −  dz (14)
0 B B  0 
B3 =   31 32 
(R + z )dz t A25 A26 0
−  
t B33 B34 0 0 
 2  A27 A28 0 0 
−
2 B35 B36 0 0  t 0 0 0 0 
t 0 0 0 0  2  0 A31 0 0 
2 0 A41 A3 =  − 
0 
dz
t  0 0 A32 A33 
0
B4 =   (R + z )dz − 
t 0 0 A42 A43  2  0 0 A34 A35 
−  
2 0 0 A44 A45 

 0 
 0  u 0   0 
u    u   
{y } =   F =  P (x )(R − ) 
 1 
 0  t
ϕ  (15)
    v 0 
y =   ,F =  P (x )(R − t )  (23)  2 
w   2  v 1   1 t 
ψ   1  − P (x )(R − )t 
t   2 2 
− P (x )(R − )t 
 2 2  (13) U ] Y. + @ + i E G
. + (21) e9 . + @ + i E ;9
e9 ) k 2 = T ^N GH ] Y [ G\ S T 9
9 G X> . @9 C i E 9 >.G< 4 8 S3 U
.((16)
.k 7 S3 U . + > 4L 9S@/ O = 7 8+ {y } = {y }h + {y }p (16)
U9 9 S T 9 7 C C 7 8+ 9 e9 > B f2
. 2 = G R9 S T 9 , >.G< 4L
.k G 4
{y }h = {v }e mx (17)
: ^D/ U 9 >.G< U G R9 : ). Y 9
.k + (18)
{[ A1 ]m 2 + [ A2 ]m + [ A3 ]}e mx = 0 (18)

73
, 9 9 9, 7 ( / O =. @ 7 O P t* =
t
R* =
R
x* =
x
t0 t0 l

... : 6 , ; : < + 0 +3 : 9B
: 5y E V T 9 0c S H 0 , Q 9 5y
u w P
9 H 9 (/ O = . G : 9B + n X 4L 49 X u* = w* = P* = (24)
t0 t0 C0
@ \ = !+ : 9 0c 0 7 :+ C ij
C ij* = i , j = 1,2,3
. , 9 G S T 9 4 4L 49 X : 5y 7 S 6 C0

+ n X 4L 49 X : 5y !+ : + > 7 5GY > S T 9 U9 , 9 f 9 e9 (21) (24) e9 B GH 9

5T : 5y 7 r 6 4 9 !+ > 7 r 6 : U9 GY BW 9 DE ε i E, k G 79 7
. VT . @9 5+
k< SKGY , X 9 9 (25) (28) e9 : ). Y 9 d * d {y * } d d {y * }
ε2 [B1 ] + ε ( [B*2 {y * }] + [B*3 ] )
. + k < N 7 S3 U . + 9 dx dx dx dx (25)
+ [B*4 ]{y * } = {F * }
∂ ∂ ∂P
(ρui ) + (ρui ) = − +
∂t ∂x j ∂t :,
(29) B ∗ B ∗
∂   ∂u i ∂u j 2 ∂ul  ∂ 0 0 
µ  + − δij  + (− ρui′u ′j ) t ∗  11 12 
∂x j   ∂x j ∂x i 3 ∂x l 
  ∂x j B ∗ B ∗ 0 
 2  13 0
B 1∗ (R ∗ + z ∗ )dz ∗
14
=  −
S 5GH : + 0 9 (28) e9 i E (29) P9 7 8+ 9 ∗  0 ∗ ∗ 
t 0 B 15
B 16 
: 9 @ @ ` 7 W , G< . @ 9 + 6 49 X : Y −  
2  0 ∗ ∗

0 B 17 B 18 
. @9 : /9 + L 9 Y C V U 97 5N 4L ∗ ∗ 
0 0 B 21 B 22
. @ , 9 7 e9 S T 9 Y C > t∗  
0 ∗
0 B 23 B 24  ∗ 
2 
η* =
x* −a (30) B 2∗ =  − ∗
 (R + z )dz
∗ ∗
ε ∗ 0 B ∗ 0 0 
t 25
−  
9. < ,/ 5+:1 a =1 5 + : 9 a=0 2 0 B ∗ 0 0 
 26 (26)
: @ k< N, 7 9 (25) (30) e9 : ). Y  0 0 0 0 
t∗  ∗ ∗ 
d * d {y * } d * * d {y * } 
[B2 {y }] + [B*3 ] 32  ∗
[B1 ]+ 2 0 0 B 31
B
dη dη dη dη (31) B 3∗ =    (R + z ∗ )dz ∗
B ∗ B ∗ 0 0 
+ [B*4 ]{y * } = {F * } t ∗  33 34 
−  ∗ ∗
2 B
 35 B 36 0 0 
- U >.G< G X e9 i E 5 P 9 + 9
0 0 0 0 
. @ 79 7S T 9 t∗  
∗
∞ ∞ 2  0 B 41
0 0 
B 4∗ =    (R ∗ + z ∗ )dz ∗
n n d nB *
Bi* =  ε nη! i
*n
= B * n
in ε i = 1,2,3,4
t∗
0 0 ∗
B 42 B ∗43 
n =0 dx x =a n =0 −  ∗

∞ n n n * ∞ 2 0 0 B 44 B ∗45 
(32)  
ε η d F
F = *

n =0
n! n
dx * x =a
= 
n =0
Fn*ε n

 0 
u *   
   0 
9 (31) 4 8 U 4L : 9 (33) ; R9 4 X G< ϕ *   * 
y * =   ,F * =  P (x * )(R * − t )  (27)
. @ 2 w *   2 
 *  * 
ψ 
*
y in = y 0* + ε y 1* + ε 2y 2* + ... (33) 1 t
 − P (x )(R − )t 
* * *
 2 2 
:< , X 9 9 (31) (33) e9 : ). Y 9
4L : 9 . @ @ U9 , 9 : < / + \
S T 9 5y 9k L4 8 S3 U @ / O :
9 c 2 = 85 D : < C 9 @ U9 , 9 U
. + 9 7
`Q . 9 `Q Q S C <7 9 , @ 0 Q
j
d {y *j −i }
εj : 
i =0
d *
dη
[B1n
n =i dη
] 9 = > 9 . @9 : 39 + L 9 C
7 9 0 Q x ; {l+ 9 4L , H 6 7 7
7 S C
x;
d d {y j −i } * (34) 9 9 4L . 2 < N X + 9 5N 4L , H 6
+ [B2*n {y *j −i }] + [B3*n ]
dη n =i n =i dη . @ , 9 7 e9 S T 9 S @ / O : y +
+[B4*n ]{y *j −i } = {Fn* } j = 0,1,2,.. *
n =i n=j y out =Y0* + εY1* + ε 2Y2* + ... (28)
9 I i E 9 >.G< 4 8 S3 U . + (34) e9 > : 9 + E : 1@ 4 @ S @ / O : =
= 7 S T 9 , S3 U . + > 4L . @ 9 + + 49 X , n X !+ : 5y : 9 ; !+
.+ T ^N 4L y ip* >.G< 4L *
y ih , 2 5y 0 n X !+ 0 9 ; ] Y> > . 9

74
Y G6 de+ 5 + 5N de+ : 9 4L ; 2 B Y . @9 S3 U
3 4L 9 Y 9 . + @ V5 D : < = 9 , Y N y i* = y ih
* *
+ y ip (35)
:7 P @ I + @ A 5+ Q <!+ + 4 @ 9 >.G< 4L @ @ Q 4X G X W , G<
82 ( N

6 , G 4 56 . @ 9 @ N I , Q > G <!+ : @ , G R9
5 + . + @ f \ ANSYS Q f 7 8+ 9 \ 8

G 5 60 Y N [ U@ G 5 40 5N [ U@ 9 @ :7 +B
*
y ih = c v e
j =1
j
j m jη
(36)
: B .+ . 60 5N N / 6 1 BW
_ :< 9 _ ; i 9 vj mj ,
4L 9 ; 1Y . @ , : 1 2 <2 P @
9 Y 9 cj ; > JG< . @ 9 (34) e9 ^D/ {
0 +3 h N 9 Zirconia @ 2 = 3
@ 2 = >.G< υ = 0.2882 E = 244.26596 GPa
5+:1 9 Y 9. < N + 9 5y :7 P @
: B @ f \ solid , G 7 8 + 9 B : 9, G . + 1 P @ + 9i E8. Y B 1\ i E 16
. @ , G 20672 6 !+ Y + 9 . i E8 + 9 5+
. < N + 9 7 e9 @ U P @
η → ∞ for x = 0
(37)
η → −∞ for x = L
+ 9 5N / R7 6 + 9 k + T ^N !+
: ). Y i+ R9 ] D 9 , G , H 9. < N
. + 9 , i E k + 9 k L S3 U ,
5 56 4L : A 9 S@/ O = > 9 9 9,
N , 7 <7 0 Q x ; : 9 = 5+ ;
Y N 4L 5N 4L [ G\ 7 5+ GH 1 !+ . @
. + 9 , @ k< 4L : 1
(4- =>* */ ;*< 4 RE ;*< - I# M - : -3 I y * = y out
* *
+ y in − Jover (38)
5N 4L < @9 ] Y 7 G X Jover
/ A4 A-6 SK 6 HN ; / -2 (4 <7 7 , @ 9 , @ k< G X . + @ Y N
64 ! 5- @4 4 T 2 . 9 ;*< - 6 " - + 9 Y N 4L <7 9 , @ 0 Q 5N 4L
Lame FSDT- FSDT- FEM- . + @ , / 7 e9
z
solution exact perturbation Ansys
* * (39)
h/2 1/17960 1/17957 1/17957 1/17959 Jover = y out x → 0 + y out x →1

-h/2 1/35360 1/30652 1/30652 1/35022

.6 H Q; -3-3
U 9 @ A 4 56 / 9 : < 59 X + 9 : 9 @ A 4L 4 56 7 4T L M + 9 9 G X>
>.G< O + = 7 U9 .k 7 U9 >.G< 9 ; 9 + :< L : A 9 9 . N k< N
G+ 7 + G+ 0 7 + W 9 1 h N 9 1
0 +K = >9 ; 3 4 @ .k 7 5 X :<
C 9 \ S T 9 S C >. C . 5 + : 9 @ / O 4L 5 56 4L 9 B @ 9 = [1]
>F > 9 > : 9. @ \ : N+ G\L Y 9. < ,/ 5N N / 6 9 I Y >.G<
7 > 3 GU . @ N + , G/ P+ 1984 B + 9 5 + : 9 4L I :7 P @ 3 4L 9
0 +: N+ . @ N + Q5 0 + : N + Q @ 9 = 7 8 + 9 4L + @ A 7BW
SY 49 ; 7 ; k : 2 B ; i E 5H 9 G G :7 P @ I + @ 2 = 5+
f73 : ) r eU Q5 : N + 4G6 3 9 9S L \9 Y S C 0 +K = @ </ W , G< . @
f H SK / h N + S C 5H 9 . k< H U@ : + S C 1 = rT 5+B W
7 . G Y 9 Y 7 l :< 7+ .+ 4L 7 + 9 4L > JG< . < X = DE
9 <, ` S C , G 19 > Y9 9S 9> 9 9. n9 e . 9 5 + n X 4L 9 @ / O
7 E B . + : N+ S C 4 i+ C 4L 9 @ / O ] Y ] Y P 9 7 SKGY U > 2 =
. f 9 Y 9. + @]D U9 h N A : 9 = 4L <7 7 , @ 9 . @ < N .G< . 9nX
. Y h NR7 6 ]D 6 S3 U . @ 0 Q . 9 0 +K B @9
1 z
p (z ) = (pc − pm )( + )n + pm (40)
2 t 1
Lame solution
,/ 5+: + .G< V5 D : <R 7 n i E

75
 eN S T 9 5 + B W : + DE S C . + n V5 D h N pc pm , . <

... : 6 , ; : < + 0 +3 : 9B
5 + S T 9 :7 P @ Q \ . + @ 2 = 9 Zirconia . @ 9 = .G< i E
2 = , : 9 5N / 1 @ V U 2 + 9 Ti 6 AIV υ = 0.2882 E = 244.26596 GPa
DE 9 5 + 5N de+ B W H U@ \9 Y R 7 . + : H M A : 9 υ = 0.28838235 E = 122.55676GPa
G > . + @ ,/ 84 @ N / C . + @]D
C Q H U@ \9 Y , Q / DE C 9 O / 9I DE 9 >.G< 5+ 9 \
i E 9 >.G< >.G< : < L : 9 5 + !+ . 9 ` Q + @ ,/ 4 4 @ , 0 G@ N
. + @ ; . 9 1 .G< = 2 + S T 9 = 5+. . X + 9
R 7 . . B GH 5N / S T 9 / @ 2
. + @ 54 @ 5N de+ B W H U@ \9 Y
e9 ) n X 4L 9 ((38) e9 ) S @ / O = 7 8 + 9 4L
@ </ W , G< . + @ ; G > ((16)
/ `< 4 9 . + @ )N ( <7 : <!+
.k @ \9 Y , Q `< < @ 5 + B W

/ A-6 SK ()O 6 . )! ; / J; )> -6 I

1A-) ; * U V+ 4 1/ P 1 23

A-6 1A-) ; * U V+ 1!> 1/ P - -4 I

A-6 V+ 1!> * 0 - -7 I

/ A-6 SK ()O 6 H N ; / J; )> -5 I

1A-) ; * U V+ 4 1/ P 1 23

DE 9 5 + 5N de+ B W : 6 \9 Y R 7
Q \ . + @ 64 @ N O / 9I
9 N 9 Q <7 I @ DG< n X 4L 9 @ A 4L
/ A-6 SK ()O 6 H N ; / J; )> -8 I
+ 9 I : 1< 2 > 2 = 4 9. + ,/
1A-) ; V+ 4 * 0 1 23
a ; 5+BW : 6 \9 Y R E 5+
DE 9 5 + 5N de+ B W : 6 \9 Y R 7 5+ / N R E 9 \9 Y 8T ; . 8
W , G< . + @ 94 @ N / C . + @ \9 Y N O / 9 Y 9 \ 9 < N
9 Y 9BW: + \9 Y S C , Q @ </ N / C DE 9 >.G< 5+
S C 9 Qc 5+ / DE S C 2 X Ue + @ ,/ 74 @ , LW

76
Y G6 = 0 +K L ; 9: HM : A 9. 2 A \ 9 7 L> <7 Q : 6 \9 Y
S 8 : < .G< : 9 : H M . @ N B @9 . @9 G< QA L Q , 7 4T L : <`
i+ .G< ] D 9 . 2 A N O / > JG<
82 ( N

. + k< N + 19 5GH 9

1 ) -5
A11 = −(c 1 1)(R + z )
A12 = A13 = −(c 1 1z )(R + z )
A14 = [ −z 2 (c 1 1)](R + z ), A15 = [−(c 5 5)](R + z ) (41)
A16 = A17 = [ −(c 5 5)z ](R + z )
A18 = [−z 2 (c 5 5)](R + z )

A21 = [ −(c 1 2)], A22 = [ −(c 1 2 / (R + z )(z ) + c 1 3)](R + z )

A23 = [ −z (c 1 2 / (R + z )) + (c 5 5)](R + z ) A-6 SK ()O 6 . )! ; / J; )> -9 I
A24 = [−z (c 1 2 / (R + z )(z ) + c 1 3) + (c 5 5(z ))](R + z ) 1A-) ; V+ 4 * 0 1 23 /
(42)
A25 = [(c 1 2)], A26 = [(c 1 2(z ))1 / (R + z ) − (c 5 5)](R + z )
A27 = [(c 1 2)z / (R + z ) + (c 1 3)](R + z )
9, = S^ D < \9 Y R 7 , @ gD/ 9
A28 = [(c 1 2(z ))z / (R + z ) + (c 1 3(z )) − z (c 5 5)](R + z )
5+ 9 : <` <` (8) (5) P9 7 8 +
A31 = [(c 5 5)](R + z ), A32 = [(c 2 2(1 / (R + z )))] ` R7 6 G , H 9 . G +6 + 9 =
A33 = [(c 2 2(z / (R + z )) + c 2 3)] ,/ 74 @ 44 @ @ U 5+: 9 e6
A34 = [(c 2 2 + c 2 3)(1 / (R + z )))z / (R + z ) (43) 9 e6 ` c 2 @ </ W , G< . + @
A35 = [(c 2 2(z 1 / (R + z )) + c 2 3)z / (R + z )
+ (c 2 3(z 1 / (R + z )) + c 3 3)](R + z )
G .G< i E 7 4; . 9 >.G< h N
9k i+ .G< i E ] D 9 \ . @9
B11 = −C 11 B12 = B13 = −zC 11 B14 = −z 2C 11 ` `< .G< i E `< .k + 9 = + 19
(44)
B15 = −C 44 B16 = B17 = −zC 44 B18 = −z C 44 2 / 9` R7 6 Q \ . + ,/ e6
. DG< Q „6 7
C 12
B21 = B22 = B21z + C 13
R +z (45)
B23 = B21z B24 = B22z B25 = C 44 B26 = B25z

C 21
B31 = C 44 B32 = B31z B33 =
R +z
(46)
zC
B34 = B33z B36 = B35z B35 = 21 + C 31
R +z

B41 = C 44
C 22 z (C 23 + C 32 )
B42 = ,B45 = z 2B42 + + C 33
(R + z )2 (R + z ) (47)
SK .-*/ ()O . - 6 K ! W > J; )> -10 I
C zC + (R + z )C 23
B44 = z B42 + 32 ,B43 = 22
(R + z ) (R + z )2 A-6

J -* -6 .* ? -4
[1] Timoshenko S., Strength of Materials, Pt. 2: Advanced D : 6 9 >.G< : 6 , ; : < + : 9B
Theory and Problems: R. E. Krieger Publishing Company,
1983. @9 = 7 8+ 9 N O / 6 C DE
[2] Rahimi GH, Ghannad M, Esmaeilzadeh Khadem S, General , > 2 = 9 9 . @ A `< _ > B
Solution of Plane Elasticity of Axisymmetric Functionally
Graded Thick Cylinderical Shells, Modares Mechanical 9 k L S3 U : 6 H U@ \9 Y : 9 eN \9 Y
Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 13, 1389. In Persian [ U 9 .k + 9 :F ( 7 8 + 9 +
[3] Tutuncu N., Ozturk M., Exact solutions for stresses in
functionally graded pressure vessels, Composites Part B: h N S3 L 4L : <( + 9 9 9 : 6 9 +
Engineering, Vol. 32, No. 8, pp. 683-686, 2001. 9 I Y 5 + : 9 n X 4L . @ N P9 \ + 6T
[4] Reddy J. N., Arciniega R. A., Shear Deformation Plate and
Shell Theories: From Stavsky to Present, Mechanics of N O N / 6 >.G< >.G< 2 +
C Y 5 + : 9 S @ / O : y 7 8 + 9 4L 5N

77
[23] Arefi M, Rahimi GH., Three-dimensional multi-field Advanced Materials and Structures, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 535-
equations of a functionally graded piezoelectric thick shell 582, 2004.

... : 6 , ; : < + 0 +3 : 9B
with variable thickness, curvature and arbitrary
nonhomogeneity. Acta Mechanica, Vol. 223, No.1, pp. 63-
[5] Ghannad M, RAHIMI G, ESMAEILZADEH KS., General
Solution of Shear Deformation of Axisymmetric Functionally
79, 2012.
Graded Thick Cylinderical Shells, Modares Mechanical
[24] Arefi M., Size-dependent bending behavior of three- Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 14, 1389. In Persian
layered doubly curved shells: Modified couple stress
[6] Khoshgoftar M. J., Rahimi G. H., Arefi M., Exact solution of
formulation. Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials,
functionally graded thick cylinder with finite length under
Vol. 0, No.0, pp. 1-40, 2018.
longitudinally non-uniform pressure, Mechanics Research
[25] Arefi M., Analysis of a doubly curved piezoelectric Communications, Vol. 51, No. 0, pp. 61-66, 7//, 2013.
nano shell: nonlocal electro-elastic bending solution.
[7] Dai HL, Rao YN, Dai T., A review of recent researches on
European Journal of Mechanics-A/Solids, Vol. 1, No.70, pp.
FGM cylindrical structures under coupled physical
226-37, 2018.
interactions, 2000–2015. Composite Structures, Vol. 15,
[26] Arefi M, Bidgoli EM., Electro-elastic displacement No.152, pp. 199-225, 2016.
and stress analysis of the piezoelectric doubly curved shells
resting on Winkler's foundation subjected to applied voltage.
[8] E. Asadi, W. Wang, M. S. Qatu, Static and vibration analyses
of thick deep laminated cylindrical shells using 3D and
Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, Vol. 0,
various shear deformation theories, Composite Structures,
No.0, pp. 1-14, 2018.
Vol. 94, No. 2, pp. 494-500, 2012.
[27] Arefi M., Nonlocal free vibration analysis of a doubly
[9] Eipakchi H., Khadem S., G. Rahimi S., Axisymmetric Stress
curved piezoelectric nano shell. STEEL AND COMPOSITE
Analysis of a Thick Conical Shell with Varying Thickness
STRUCTURES, Vol. 27, No.4, pp. 479-93, 2018.
under Nonuniform Internal Pressure, Journal of Engineering
[28] Arefi M., A complete set of equations for piezo- Mechanics, Vol. 134, No. 8, pp. 601-610, 2008.
magnetoelastic analysis of a functionally graded thick shell of
revolution. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures,
[10] Arefi M., Rahimi G. H., The effect of nonhomogeneity
and end supports on the thermo elastic behavior of a
Vol. 11, No.11, pp. 2073-92, 2014.
clamped–clamped FG cylinder under mechanical and thermal
loads, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,
Vol. 96–97, pp. 30-37, 2012.
[11] Zozulya V. V., A high-order theory for functionally
graded axially symmetric cylindrical shells, Archive of
Applied Mechanics, Vol. 83, No. 3, pp. 331-343, 2013.
[12] Kang J. H., Field equations, equations of motion, and
energy functionals for thick shells of revolution with arbitrary
curvature and variable thickness from a three-dimensional
theory, Acta Mechanica, Vol. 188, No. 1-2, pp. 21-37, 2007.
[13] Wu C., Liu C., Stress and Displacement of Thick
Doubly Curved Laminated Shells, Journal of Engineering
Mechanics, Vol. 120, No. 7, pp. 1403-1428, 1994.
[14] Santos H., Mota Soares C. M., Mota Soares C. A.,
Reddy J. N., A semi-analytical finite element model for the
analysis of cylindrical shells made of functionally graded
materials, Composite Structures, Vol. 91, No. 4, pp. 427-432,
12//, 2009.
[15] Bahtui A., Eslami M. R., Coupled thermoelasticity of
functionally graded cylindrical shells, Mechanics Research
Communications, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 1-18, 1//, 2007.
[16] Khoshgoftar M. J., Ghorbanpour Arani A., Arefi M.,
Thermoelastic analysis of a thick walled cylinder made of
functionally graded piezoelectric material, Smart Materials
and Structures, Vol. 18, No. 11, 2009.
[17] Jabbari M., Bahtui A., Eslami M. R., Axisymmetric
mechanical and thermal stresses in thick short length FGM
cylinders, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and
Piping, Vol. 86, No. 5, pp. 296-306, 2009.
[18] Shao Z. S., Mechanical and thermal stresses of a
functionally graded circular hollow cylinder with finite
length, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,
Vol. 82, No. 3, pp. 155-163, 2005.
[19] Dai HL, Rao YN., Dynamic thermoelastic behavior of
a double-layered hollow cylinder with an FGM layer. Journal
of Thermal Stresses, Vol. 36, No.9, pp. 962-984, 2013.
[20] Zhang W., Hao Y. X., Yang J., Nonlinear dynamics of
FGM circular cylindrical shell with clamped–clamped edges,
Composite Structures, Vol. 94, No. 3, pp. 1075-1086, 2012.
[21] Amabili M., Reddy J. N., A new non-linear higher-
order shear deformation theory for large-amplitude vibrations
of laminated doubly curved shells, International Journal of
Non-Linear Mechanics, Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 409-418, 2010.
[22] Tornabene F., Viola E., Free vibration analysis of
functionally graded panels and shells of revolution,
Meccanica, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 255-281, 2009/06/01, 2009.

78