UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, WINNEBA

FACULTY OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF ICT EDUCATION

NAME: BROBBEY NKUAH

INDEX NUMBER: 201807671
LECTURER: Mr MATHIAS AGBEKO
COURSE TITLE: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING
COURSE CODE: ICTE 353
SUBMISSION DATE: 1st MARCH, 2021.
GROUP: FOUR (4)

Questions
Find out about the different technological solutions available for interconnecting
LANs to from larger networks such as wide area networks (WANS) and
Metropolitan area networks. Consider
Solution
IWireless Technology The term wireless refers to the communication of information over a distance,
without requiring wires, cables or electrical conductors. Information is transmitted through air , without
requiring any cables by using electro magnetic waves like radio frequencies, infrared, satellite etc.

Examples of Wireless Technology used interconnect LAN to form WAN or MAN

 Satellite Communication A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies
radio telecommunications signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a
source transmitter and a receiver(s) at different locations on Earth.

 7. Uses Of Satellites Television : Network TV : Live news broadcasting Telephones : in-flight phone
communications on airplanes : After Disaster Navigation : GPS : IRNSS : Google Maps : Offline Maps
Weather : Forecasting : Hurricanes : EL Nino Climate and Environmental Monitoring : Polar melting :
Ocean temperature : Forest fires : Emission of greenhouse gases Safety : Airborne pollution : Search &
rescue missions : Black box : Development : Access to education in rural areas : Developing nations
Space Science : Satellite telescopes : Observing space : Monitoring threats on earth Land Stewardship :
Under ground water : Mineral resources : Measure land Military : Early warning ICBM : Satellite
weapons : Military communication : Spy satellites : Missile defense systems ( PAD, Brahmos,) : Drones

 8. 2. Infrared Communication with the help of infrared rays 1. Security lights : Sensing 2. Burglar
alarms: Sensing 3. Remote controls 4. Data links over short distances between computers or mobile
phones

 9. 3. Broadcast Radio Broadcast Radio is the distribution of audio content to a dispersed audience via
any electronic mass communications medium, but typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum
(radio waves), in a one-to-many model. 1. AM 2. FM 3. Pirate Radio 4. Sports , Police

 10. Microwave transmission is the transmission of information or energy by electromagnetic waves

whose wavelengths are measured in small numbers of centimeter; these are called microwaves. ( low
frequency ). 1. Used in small frequency radios. 2. Microwave oven 4. Miowave Communication

 11. Wi-Fi Wi-Fi is a low power wireless communication , that is used by various electronic devices like
smart phones, laptops, etc. In this setup, a router works as a communication hub wirelessly. Wi-Fi -
Wireless Fidelity : Full form Uses Of WI-FI 1. Share your internet 2. Share resources between PCs 3. Print
& scan 4. Remote control of your entertainment system 5. Listen to music

 12. 6. Stream video 7. Play online games 8. Turn Your Smartphone into a Remote Control 9. Tether
Your Smartphone to Your Computer for Internet Anywhere : Hotspot

Examples of Wired Technology used interconnect LAN to form WAN or MAN

 wired setup uses physical cables to transfer data between different devices and computer systems.

 3. Wired Technology Wired technology is more associated with wired communication Wired
communication refers to the transmission of data over a wire- based communication technology.

Intranet is a term often used to refer to a private connection of LANs and WANs that belongs to an
organization, and is designed to be accessible only by the organization’s members, employees, or others
who have authorization. An intranet is basically an internet that is usually only accessible from within the
organization.is a physical gadget that is used to support file and connection sharing from one
computer to another. It is required regardless of whether the network will have access to the
Internet or not. is a physical gadget that is used to support file and connection sharing from one
computer to another. It is required regardless of whether the network will have access to the
Internet or not. r, a wired setup uses physical cables to transfer data between different devices
and computer systems. r, a wired setup uses physical cables to transfer data between different
devices and computer systems. r, a wired setup uses physical cables to transfer data between
different devices and computer systems.  13. The advancement of mobile networks is
enumerated by generations. Many users communicate across a single frequency band through
mobile phones. Cellular and cordless phones are two examples of devices which make use of
wireless signals. Telephony was introduced in India in 1882. The total number of telephones in
the country stands at 1002.05 million 1. 2G 2. 3G 3. 4G 4. 6G : Japan Bluetooth NFC Mobile
Communicationms the solutions for wired and wireless networks of
Intranet is a term often used to refer to a private connection of LANs and WANs that belongs to an
organization, and is designed to be accessible only by the organization’s members, employees, or others
who have authorization. An intranet is basically an internet that is usually only accessible from within the
organization.

Hub
Hubs connect multiple computer networking devices together. A hub also acts as a repeater in that it
amplifies signals that deteriorate after traveling long distances over connecting cables. A hub is the
simplest in the family of network connecting devices because it connects LAN components with
identical protocols.

Switch
Switches generally have a more intelligent role than hubs. A switch is a multiport device that
improves network efficiency. The switch maintains limited routing information about nodes in the
internal network, and it allows connections to systems like hubs or routers. Strands of LANs are
usually connected using switches. Generally, switches can read the hardware addresses of incoming
packets to transmit them to the appropriate destination.

Router
Routers help transmit packets to their destinations by charting a path through the sea of
interconnected networking devices using different network topologies. Routers are intelligent
devices, and they store information about the networks they’re connected to. Most routers can be
configured to operate as packet-filtering firewalls and use access control lists (ACLs). Routers, in
conjunction with a channel service unit/data service unit (CSU/DSU), are also used to translate from
LAN framing to WAN framing. This is needed because LANs and WANs use different network
protocols. Such routers are known as border routers. They serve as the outside connection of a LAN
to a WAN, and they operate at the border of your network.