APPENDIX A FIRST AID and EMERGENCY

MEASURES

Acids on the skin

When the affected area with plenty of water, then wash it with dilute sodium
bicarbonate solution, and finally wash it again with water. Then apply ointment on
the affected area.

Alkali on the Skin

Wash the affected area with plenty of water, then wash it with dilute boric acid
solution, and finally wash it again with water. Apply ointment on the affected area.

Organic Chemicals on the Skin

Wash the affected area with plenty of water, then with rubbing alcohol (70%
isopropyl alcohol). Then clean it well with soap and water.

Cuts
For minor cuts, let it bleed for a few seconds. Remove fragments of cut glass
from the wounded area. Apply disinfectant and cover it with a bandage.
For serious cuts, see a doctor immediately but be sure to check the bleeding
area by applying pressure with a sterile pad over the wounded area.

Electric Shock
Remove the source of shock immediately. Be sure to use a dry towel when
removing or holding live wires or electrical equipment. Administer artificial
respiration right away if the victim is not breathing.

Eye Accident
Wash the eyes with a large amount of water. Do not apply any chemicals to
the eyes for this may result to deeper burns as caused by the heat of reaction.

Fires from Burning Reagents

Use a damp or wet cloth to cover the mouth of the burning vessel. This should
be done to extinguish the fire and prevent it from spreading. Turn off all gas
burners. Use a fire extinguisher or dry sand for larger fires.

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Fires from Burning Clothing
Stay calm. Do not run or panic. Use a wet laboratory gown to put off the fire.
Water may also be used.

Poisoning by Swallowing
Drink plenty of water immediately to dilute the poison. Then neutralize the
poison depending on the nature of the poison that was swallowed.
For acids, use milk of magnesia.
For alkali, use vinegar.
For other types of poisons, let the victim vomit by giving the poisoned victim
one glass of lukewarm water with two tablespoons of table salt dissolved in it.
This should be continuously administered to the poisoned victim until the expelled
liquid is clear.

Thermal Burns
Apply ice on the burnt area for a few minutes. Cold water may also be used in
the absence of ice. Do not apply bandage or ointment. If it is severe, call a doctor
immediately.

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