Health, Safety and Environment

Lecture # 1

Introduction to HSE

Department of Petroleum Engineering

Barham Mahmood

E-Mail: barham.sabir@koyauniversity.org
Outline
• Brief History

• Some Important definitions in HSE

• Hazard

• Hazard Types
A brief History
• Until the early 20th century’s focus was heavily on the machines rather
than on people who operated them

• In 1906 – 1907, in a steel industry Pennsylvania, 526 workers had died

in industrial accidents in one year, and people became aware of the
state of industrial safety and pressed for changes

• In 1911, the first law of worker safety in industry was issued in

Wisconsin USA and “The American Society of Safety Engineers” was
established. Canada was followed soon then other countries.

• In 1913 the National safety Council was formed in New York USA.

• In 1917 in Canada – Ontario “The Industrial Accident Prevention

Association” was established.
Important definitions

Safety:
is the state in which the risk of harm to persons or environment is
reduced to, or below an acceptable level through a continuing process
of hazard identification and risk management
Industrial Safety:
Measures or techniques implemented to reduce the risk of injury, loss &
danger to persons, or environment in any facility or place involving the
manufacturing, producing and processing of goods
• Hazards: The potential of any machine, equipment, process
(including biological and chemical) or physical factor that
may cause harm to people, or damage to property or the
environment

• The harm including:

- ill health and injury
- damage to property, plant, products
or the environment
- production losses
Hazard Types
1. Chemical hazards - in which the body absorbs toxins

2. Ergonomic hazards - in which the body is strained or injured

3. Physical hazards - in which the worker is exposed to harmful
elements or physical dangers, such as heat or moving parts

• There is now new type of hazard named Investment hazard deals

with losing money
• Hazard Identification: Process of determining the existence
of a hazard and the definition of its characteristics

• Risks: The probability of a worker suffering an injury or health

problem, or of damage occurring to property or the
environment as a result of exposure to or contact with hazard
• Risk evaluation: General process of risk magnitude
estimation and deciding if it is acceptable or not

• Risk assessment: The process of risk analysis and risk

evaluation

• Risk Management: The complete process of understanding

and assessing risk, and making decisions about implementing
effective risk control
• Risk Analysis: The use of available information to estimate
the risk of hazard to persons, or the environment

• Risk analysis contains the following steps:

Risk analysis

Risk Consequence Probability Hazard Scope

estimation analysis analysis identification definition
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Any device worn by the worker to protect against hazards, for
example dust masks, gloves, ear plug, hard hat, and safety
goggles
• Incident investigation: Systematically gathering and
analysing information about an incident in order to identify
basic causes and recommended way of preventing the
incident from happening again
• Safety Management system (SMS): provides a systematic way to
control risk and to provide assurance that those risk controls are
effective, it represents a balance between production and protection

• SMS covers the following items:

People

Equipment Procedures

SMS
Software Materials

Tools
• Health and Safety management: The means by which an
organization controls risk through the management process
• Standardization Documents: A document established by consensus
and approved by a recognized body that provides rules, guidelines, or
characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of
the optimum degree of order in a given context. (Standard consist of
specifications and guides)
• Accident: is an undesired events that could involve workers, materials,
tools, equipment and environment
• Injury: Any bodily harm to any person.
• Fatality: Any events causing loss of life.
• Occupational Illness: Any illness, which results from exposure to the
working environment
• Health and Safety Management System (HSMS):

1.Occupational
3.Implementation and
health and safety 2.Planning
Operation
policy (OHS)

4.Checking and Corrective

6.Continual Improvement 5.Management Review
Action