LESSON1:I

NTRODUCTI
ONTOGLOBALI
ZATI
ON
LESSON2:THEGLOBALECONOMY
Gl
obal
izat
ion: Gar
yGer
eff
i'
sjournal
Gl
obali
zati
on-setofcomplex,
somet imescont r
adict
ory,
soci
al
 TheGl obalEconomyOrganizat
ion,Gov
ernance,and
pr
ocessesthatar
echangingourcurrentsocialcondi
ti
onbased
Development ,
hementionedthatthegl
obalchanges
onthemodernsystem ofi
ndependentnation-st
ates
areattri
butedtohowtheglobaleconomyisorganized
andgov erned.
Cuturela( 2012)
 Gl obal i
zat ionmeanst odesi gnat eanov er vi
ewoft he
humanexper iencei neducat ion.
Di
ff
erentLev
elsofAnal
ysi
s(Ger
eff
i)
I
nosemt sev( 2008)
 di stingui shedgl obal i
zat ionasoneoft hemostknown Macrol evel
soci al studi es, buti sst illahol low
terminology .
 i ncludest hei nter nat i
onal organizat ionsandr egimes
thatest abl ishr ulesandnor msf ort hegl obal
ColdWar
communi ty .
 ani nter dependentwor l
dwheni tcomest oi t
s
economi cal andi nf ormat ional dimensi ons.
 TheWor ldBank, theI nternat i
onal Monet aryFund, t
he
Wor l
dTr adeOr gani zation, andt heI nternational Labor
Webst er
Or ganizat i
onar et heexi sti
ngi nternat ional
 gl obal izat ioni st hedev el opmentofani ncr easi ngl y organi zat ionst hatmakei mpactt otheeconomyof
i
nt egr atedgl obal economymar kedbyf reet rade, free thewor ld.
fl
owofcapi t
al ,andt het appi ngofcheaperf or eign
 Ther egi onal i
ntegr ationschemesl iket heEur opean
l
abormar ket s.
Uni onandt heNor thAmer icanFr eeTr adeAgr eement
Rober t
son( 1992)
areal sopar toft heseor ganizations.
 under standi ngoft hewor ldandt hei ncr eased Mesol evel
per cept ionoft hewor l
dasawhol e
AlbrowandKi ng( 1990)
 bui l
dingbl ocksf ort hegl obaleconomyar et he
count riesandf i
rms.Thegl obal economyi sseenas
 def i
nedgl obal i
zat ionas" allt hosepr ocessesbywhi ch
thear enai nwhi chcount ri
escompet eindifferent
thepeopl eoft hewor ldar ei ncor por at edi nt oasi ngl e
productmar kets.
wor ldsoci ety ,
Microlevel
Giddens( 1991)
 Ther eisagr owi ngl it
er atureont her esistancet o
 gl obal izat ioni st hepr ocessofi ntensi fy i
ngsoci al
global i
zat i
onbyconsumergr oups, act ivi
sts,and
relationshi psamongcount riesar oundt hewor ld
transnat i
onal soci al mov ement s.
 connect ingsepar atel ocal iti
esi namanneri nwhi ch 
l
ocal ev ent sar ef or medasar esul tof Wor l
d-SystemsTheor y-theupwar dordownwar dmobi lit
yof
happeni ngst hathav eoccur r edf rom af ar . nati
onsi nthecor e, semi per i
pher y,
andper ipher yis
Steger(2005)ci t
edFr eeden( 2003) deter
mi nedbyacount ry'
smodeofi ncorpor at i
oni nthe
 gl obal izat iondenot esnotani deol ogy , but' ar angeof capit
ali
stwor l
d-economy , andt heseshi f
tscanonl ybe
processesnest i
ngunderoner atherunwi eldyepi thet . accuratel
ypor t
ray edbyani n-dept hanal ysisoft hecy clesof
Steger(2005) - capit
ali
staccumul at ionint hel onguedur eeofhi story.
 setofcompl ex, soci al processest hatar echangi ng
outcur rentsoci al condi tionder i
v edf rom t he Adam Smith-aneighteenth-
centur
ypoli
ti
caleconomi
st,
moder nI ndependenceofnat ion-st ates. def
ined"di
visionoflabor"asthespeci
ali
zat
ionofworker
sin
I
nternationalMonet aryFund( IMF, 2000) di
ff
erentpartsoftheproducti
onprocess
 Gl obal i
zat ionof fer sext ensi v eoppor tuni ti
esf ort ruly
LESSON3:MARKETI
NTEGRATI
ON
wor ldwi dedev elopment , buti tisnotpr ogr essi ng
evenl y . Harl
ey-observes,"
Anal
ysi
soft helow-wageperi
pher
y,whichi
s
 GLOBALI ZATI ON: extensi onbey ondnat ional bor der s mostrelevanttomoder
n[globali
zati
on]debat
e,i
srestr
ict
edby
oft hesamemar ketf orcest hathav eoper atedf or dat
aav ail
abil
it
y
cent ur i
esatal ll
ev elsofhumaneconomi cact ivity
whi chi ncl udesv illagemar ket s,ur bani ndust ri
es, or Twomai
nai
ms:
fi
nanci al cent ers.
 1 Anal
yzewhet
heraspar
tofpr
e-Wor
ldWarI
Igl
obal
i
zat
ionan
Hut
ton&Giddens,ascit
edbyCut urel
a(2009) i
nt egrat edAsi anmar ketf orunski l
ledl aborexi stedt o
encompassAsi a'schi efemi grant -
sendi ngr egionsofSout h
 globali
zati
onistheinter
playofext
raordinar
y
IndiaandSout heast ernChi naandt hepr incipal Sout heast
t
echnologi
cali
nnov at
ionmixedwithinfl
uenceofthe
Asi anrecei vingcount r
iesf orIndianandChi nese
worl
dthatgiv
est oday'
schangingi
tscompl exi
ty.
i
mmi gr ants.
Threecompl ement ar ycr i
teria:
THEFI
VECORECLAI MSOFMARKETGLOBALI SM
 t hatwagesdonotdi v
ergef rom acommont rend
1. Gl
obali
zati
onisaboutt heli
ber al
i
zati
onandglobal
i
ntegr
ati
onofmar ket.  t hatov ert i
mewagedi spersiondoesnoti ncrease
2. Gl
obali
zati
onisinev i
tabl
eandi rr
ever
sibl
e.  t hatacor rectionmechani sm pusheswagest owards
equi li
brium r elationshipaf tershocks.I tcanbe
3. Nobodyisinchargeofglobalizati
on
mi sleading,
4. Gl
obali
zati
onbenef it
severyone. Rober tson-war ns, tor elyonpr i
ceasacr iterionf orintegr at
ion.
5. Gl
obali
zati
onfurthersthespreadofdemocr acyi
nthe Market sar ei ntegr atedi fadjustmentmechani smsoper ateto
worl
d. correctdev iat
ionsf rom awagedi fferential or" gap" .
 Henr yWheat on-t alkedi nt er msoft hei nter nat i
onal lawof
2 Compar
ewaget
rendsi
nthear
eaofAsi
afr
om Sout
hIndi
a Chr i
stiani
ty 'v ersust hel awusedbyMohammedanPower s'
t
oSouthChinaandi ncludi
ngBur ma,Malay
aandThail
and W.E.Hal l-int ernat ional law' isapr oductoft hespeci al
wi
thanindustri
alcoreoftheglobaleconomy,
def
inedas civi
lizati
onofmoder nEur opeandf or msahi ghl yar t
ifi
ci al
t
heUnit
edKi ngdom, Unit
edStates,Ger
manyandFrance. system ofwhi cht hepr i
nci plescannotbesupposedt obe
under stoodorr ecogni zedbycount riesdi ffer entlycivili
zed
TheRiseoft heGl obalCor porat ionby :DeaneNeubauer JamesLor imer -suggest edt herewer et hreecat egor i
esof
PartOne:Thehi stor i
cr i
seoft hegl obal cor por ati
on- three humani t
y
peri
ods  Ci vili
zed
 ( Bent ley ,J.2003; Gil
ls, 2006;Moor eandLewi s2000. )  Bar bar ic
-Theappr oacht ot hest udyofgl obal ization  Savage
somet imest ermed" histor i
calgl obal ization"locat es threecor respondi nggr adesofr ecogni t
ion( pl enar ypol iti
cal
thephenomenoni t
sel finear l
ypat ternsoft radeand partialpoliticalnat ur al ,ormer ehuman)
exchange Victor i
ani nter nat i
onall awdi videdt hewor l
daccor dingt oits
PartTwo:Howdogl obalcor por at i
on’ sf unct ion?What standar dofci v il
ization
consti
tut
esagl obalcor por ati
on? EUROPE’ Sspher eofci vili
zedl ife: roughl y
 I nternat ional compani es-i mpor ter sandexpor ter s,  t hepr otect ionofpr oper ty
typical l
ywi t
houti nvest mentout si deoft heirhome  t her uleofl awont hebasi s-usual lyofcodesor
count ry const i
tutions,
 Mul tinat i
onalcompani es- hav ei nv est menti not her  ef fect iveadmi nist rationofi tst erri
t orybyast at e
count ries, butdonothav ecoor di natedpr oduct  war far econduct edbyar egul arar my
offeringsi neachcount ry.Theyar emor ef ocusedon  f reedom ofconsci ence.
adapt ingt hei
rpr oduct sandser vicest oeach Out sidethi sspher e:
individual l
ocal mar ket .  t het askwast odef inet er msuponwhi chsov ereignty-
 Gl obalcompani es-hav ei nvest edi nandar epr esent full orpar tial-mi ghtbebest owed
inmanycount r
ies.Theyt ypicallymar ketthei r  non- Eur opeanwor ldt hatt heenor mi tyoft het ask
product sandser v i
cest oeachi ndi vi
dual l
ocal mar ket. requi redi nacqui ringsov er eignt ycoul dbestbe
 Tr ansnat ionalcompani es-mor ecompl ex gr asped.
organi zat i
onswhi chhav einv estedi nf oreign  Ther e, too, thepot ent i
al cost s—int er msofl egal ized
oper ations, hav eacent ral cor porat ef acili
tybutgi v e viol enceoff aili
ngt oat taint hest andar dofci vili
zati
on
decisi on-maki ng, resear chanddev el
op( R&D)and wer emostev ident .
mar ket ingpower st oeachi ndi vi
dual foreignmar ket. LESSON5:CONTEMPORARYGLOBALGOVERNANCE
Global i
zation-i sar ichandabr oadconceptandmaybe
Ger
if
fef
orexampl eemphasizest hreestr
uctur
alperi
ods: definedi nv ar iousper spect i
v es.I tcannotbedeni edt hat
 Invest
ment -basedglobali
zati
on(1950-1970)
; global i
zationhasmadeat remendousi mpactont hesov erei
gn
 Trade-basedglobali
zation(1970-
1995); state.
 Digit
alglobali
zati
on( 1995onwards.) Fowl erandBunck( 1996) -emphasi zedt hatasov ereignst at
e
hasat err
itor y, thepeopl e, andagov ernment
UnitedNationsConf erenceonTr adeandDev el
opment
TheUni
tedNat i
onsmember shiprequir
ementsare:
(UNCTAD) -focusedont hevari
ousrolest hatFDIplaysinthe
developmentprocessandhasmai ntainedanext ensi
vepolicy  t hestatemustbeapeace- l
ov i
ngstatewhichaccept
s
l
ibraryofgl
obal FDIstatist
icsaswell asthedensest ruct
ureof theobligat
ionscont
ainedinthepresentChart
er,
regulat
ionthatframegl obalcorpor
atecr oss-bor
der  i nthejudgmentoftheOrganizati
onmustbeabl eand
engagement s(Fredr
iksson2003 wil
lingtocarryoutt
heseobligati
ons.

Par
tThree:Whati sdifferentaboutt hi sphaseofgl obal Chapt er2Ar t
icle4oft heUni tedNat ionsChar ter-statest hat
cor
por
atedev el opment ? onlysov ereignst atescanbecomemember soft heUni ted
 Dev elopi ngeconomi es" ,andespeci al l
ythoseofBr azi
l, Nat i
ons.
IndiaandChi na—t heso- call
edBRI CSeconomi es, Orginialmember s: t
heBel arus,India,Phi li
ppines, andUkr aine
havebecomet hemostdy nami csect orofglobal Thet r
ansnat i
onalact ors,whichar enon- state:
corpor ategr owth, represent edi npar tbyt heir  i ntergov ernment alorganizations( IGOs)
significantFDIov erthet hreedecades.  i nternat i
onal nongov ernment alor ganizations( INGOs)
 UNCTAD,2011-Ther elativer obustnat ur
eoft he  t r
ansnat ional corporations(TNCs)
emer gingeconomi eshascont inuedt oat t
ractFDIand Sov ereignt yisatt hehear tofbot hpubl icinternationallawand
tocr eat econdi t
ionsl eadingt ot herapi dexpansionof thel egal const i
tutionoft hest ate
theirnat ionall
ybasedgl obal cor porations William Bur ke-Whi t
ef urtherasser t
st hatt heICChasbecome
 Hawkswor t
handCookson-pr edictthat"mi ddl
eclass" partofasy stem ofmul ti
levelglobalgov ernancet hroughi ts
consumer sinChi naandI ndiawi l
lgrowf rom some alt
er ati
onofst atepr efer
encesandpol iciesandi tsdeter rence
1.8bi ll
ioni n2010t o3.2bi ll
ioni n2020and4. 9bill
ion futurecr imest hroughj udicialandpr osecut or
ial
by2030( 2008) . pronouncement s
Alexandr aKhr ebt ukov -i
nsightfull
ypoi ntsout" national borders
nol ongerconf inet hedi versev i
ewst hatpr i
orit
izesubj ect sof
LESSON4:THEGLOBALI
NTERSTATESYSTEM
i
nter national l
aw
JohnStuar
tMill-suggestedbycontr
astthatt
her
ewasbuta
si
nglemodelofcivili
zati
on
Martt
iKoskenniemiandAnt onyAnghie-
thenewdisci
pli
neof
(mostl
yposi
ti
vist)inter
nati
onal
law