7b.

RNA and
Protein Synthesis
Name: ________________________
Living Environment
Mr. Wiley 144

I. What is RNA?
 RNA 🡪 Ribonucleic Acid
Different kinds of RNA Character in the Story?
● mRNA

● tRNA

II. RNA Structure

● Base unit/building block: Nucleotide

▪ Phosphate
▪ Ribose (sugar)
▪ Nitrogen Base

Four Nitrogen Bases in DNA: Four Nitrogen Bases in RNA:

● Adenine -A ● Adenine- A
● Guanine- G ● Guanine- G
● Cytosine- C ● Cytosine- C

●
●

Which Nitrogen Base in RNA is different from DNA? _____________________ 🡪 ______________________

III. Comparing DNA and RNA
 IV. Protein Synthesis
● Synthesis- Combining small/simple molecules into larger more complex ones.

● Basic unit/subunit of proteins? _____________________________

● Protein Synthesis-

Two parts to synthesizing proteins:

1. Transcription

2. Translation

V. Transcription

Transcribe-

Transcription- turning DNA into RNA

Process

1.

2.

3.

VI. Base Pairing:

In DNA: In RNA:
_________ 🡪 _________ _________ 🡪 _________
_________ 🡪 _________ _________ 🡪 _________
_________ 🡪 _________ _________ 🡪 _________
_________ 🡪 _________ _________ 🡪 _________
Base Pairing Practice:
VII. Translation

Translation- Ribosome turns RNA into amino acid chains (proteins)

Codon-

Amino Acids-

***Each codon is a code for an amino acid***

1.

2. Ribosome translates every 3 nitrogen bases (codon) into amino acids, which are brought to ribosome by tRNA.

3.

4.

VIII. Universal Codon Chart

AUG- ___________ GGG- ____________ CUA- _____________ UAA- ____________
IX. Comparing Transcription and Translation

Transcription Translation

Job

Where in
the cell?