S2-Design EIA Report

EIA REPORT- ABSTRACT
The purpose of this Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) study is to provide information
BHARATH BHAWAN, on the nature and extent of environmental

impacts arising from the construction activities
and use of buildings and related activities with a
PRAGATI MAIDAN, view to define an Environmental Management

Plan (EMP) to minimize adverse environmental
impacts
NEW DELHI Nizya Mol

S2, M. Arch
Environmental impact assessment Report
EIA REPORT-BHARATH BHAWAN, PRAGATI MAIDAN, NEW DELHI
Table of contents
0. Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………
1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………
1.0 Preamble…………………………………………………………………………….
2. Project Description…………………………………………………………………….
2.0 General ………………………………………………………………………………
2.1 Description of the Project ……………………………………………………….
2.2 Site Selection…………………………………………………………………………
3. Description of the Environment……………………………………………………….
3.0General ……………………………………………………………………………….
3.1 Land Environment ………………………………………………………………….
3.2 Water Environment …………………………………………………………………
3.3 Air Environment ………………………………………………………………………
3.4 Noise Environment ………………………………………………………………….
3.5 Biological Environment …………………………………………………………….
3.6 Socio-economic Environment …………………………………………………….
3.7 Solid Waste management…………………………………………………………
4. Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures……………………………………………
4.0 General …………………………………………………………………………………
4.1 Land Environment …………………………………………………………………….
4.2 Water Environment ……………………………………………………………………
4.3 Air Environment ……………………………………………………………………….
4.4 Noise Environment …………………………………………………………………….
4.5 Biological Environment…………………………………………………………………
4.6 Socio- economic……………………………………………………………………….
4.7 Solid Waste……………………………………………………………………………….
5. Alternative Technologies ………………………………………………………………...
5.0 General……………………………………………………………………………………
5.1 Building Materials ………………………………………………………………………
5.2 Energy Conservation………………………………………………………………….
6 Environmental Monitoring Program …………………………………………………….
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6.0 General……………………………………………………………………………………
7. Additional Studies……………………………………………………………………….
7.0 General……………………………………………………………………………….
7.1 Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan (DMP) ………………….
7.2 Natural Resource Conservation………………………………………………….
8. Project Benefits……………………………………………………………………………
9. Environmental Management Plan……………………………………………………
10. Summary and Conclusions……………………………………………………………
11. Disclosure of Consultant Engaged………………………………………………….
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………………….
Glossary ………………………………………………………………………………………
Tables………………………………………………………………………………………….
Annexures…………………………………………………………………………………….
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ABBREVIATIONS
ADA - Area Development Authority
BUD - Built up area
CGWB - Central Ground Water Board
CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board
CRZ - Coastal Regulation Zone
CSR - Corporate Social Responsibility
DP- Development Plan
DMP - Disaster Management Plan
EAC - Expert Appraisal Committee
EC - Environmental Clearance
ECS - Equivalent Car Space
EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment
EMP - Environmental Management Plan
ETP - Effluent Treatment Plant
FSI - Floor Space Index
LPCD - Liters Per Capita Per Day
MLD - Million Liters Per Day
MoEF - Ministry of Environment and Forests
MSL - Mean Sea level
NDC - National Development Council
O & M - Operation and Maintenance
SPCBs - State Pollution Control Boards
STP - Sewage Treatment Plant
TOR - Terms of Reference
UPDFI - Urban Development Plans Formulation and Implementation
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List of Figures
0.b Seasons in Delhi 10
0.c Climate graph of Delhi 10
2.a Location showing position of the proposed site 20
2.b Site plan with immediate surrounding 21
2.c Master plan of Delhi showing land use map 22
2.d Enlarged plan of the proposed site 22
2.d Enlarged plan of the proposed site 23
2.e Location 5 km radius map 24
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0.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
0.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND

An interpretation centre -Bharath Bhawan at New Delhi is proposed at Pragadi
Maidan, which is a recreational cum cultural hub of New Delhi, India.
It is entrusted to execute the construction of Bharath Bhawan and pre-construction
EIA report of the same. It acts as a hub to express the rich culture tradition art and
architecture of India.
0.2 NEED OF THE PROJECT

INDIA is a culturally diverse country. India can’t be frame as following one
single culture throughout the region. The culture variations are not slight and hence
cannot be ignored.
In-fact each Indian state have their own cultures to boost about. But due to cultural
ignorance, many Indians as well as foreigners do not know the deeper meaning of
each culture and hence assume various stereotypes that exists now a days. Hence
there is a dire need to educate the people and the visitors exactly about various rich
Indian cultures and simultaneously encourage the cultural development, giving
importance to the life style of the artisans, craftsman etc;
Architecture can act as an important catalyst to bring about it by twinning all the
aspects together and showcase it through a BHARATH BHAWAN
0.3 PROJECT
The project -Bharath Bhawan is proposed near to Appu ghar bus station near to
Gate no 7 of Pragati Maidan- a space where peoples from all over India and across
the globe who visits due to the presence of monuments, National Science centre,
Hall of nations etc
0.4 PROJECT INFLUENCE AREA

The site is located in Pragati Maidan of New Delhi at and latitude of 28.620752N,
77.241271E. The total plot area is 70,010sq.m (17.3 acres)
The site has accessibility from the Mathura road beside the Supreme Court of India.
The site is surrounded by Supreme Court of India and its extension block to the west
and north side. Mathura Road passes along the west side of the site and an internal
two-lane road to the south side of the site.
0.5 PROJECT PROPONENT

Project proponent is MES SOA Semester 2 studio, Kuttipuram, Kerala.
0.6 PROJECT IMPROVEMENTS

To cater to the future tourism and uplifting rich tradition and culture of India, the
project proposes to;
 Develop an Interpretation centre with focus on untouched culture and
traditions of India
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 In addition, the project would improve the gaps formed into the cultural
history of India by interpreting it to the public across the globe.
 The proposed improvements include educating the visitors by means of
motion picture theatrical experience, narrative self-explanatory exhibits,
creating an experience of the practices in India under supervision of masters
in the field.
 To minimise the adverse impacts on the various climatological aspects the
project is proposed, designed and executed with very good focus on
occupant comfort and less or zero impact on climate, environment, nature
and neighbourhood.
 Service roads are provided within the proposed site region in order to
minimise collisions and intermixing of functions of the project and also not to
affect the uninterrupted flow of circulation.
 Gathering spaces, parking lots, Open air theatre, food court etc for the
refreshment of the visitors.
 Provide venue for private exhibition to promote upcoming and new
enterprise to arise in the market
 Building as a narrative experience to attract more visitors and explorers into
it.
0.7 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) STUDY IN THE PROJECT
The Environmental Impact Assessment study of the project has been carried out as
per the guidelines given by the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India. The
study methodology for the EIA employs a simplistic approach in which the
important environmental receptors were identified during the Environmental
Screening phase. Based on the identification baseline data was generated and
then analysed to predict the impacts and quantify them. Avoidance, Mitigation
and Enhancements measures were then developed and these have been
incorporated in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP), design drawings as
appropriate. Implementation arrangements including responsibilities of all the
actors have been streamlined and documented for future guidance
0.8 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
0.8.1 Institutional Setting

Project has been proposed and initiated by MESSOA Semester 2 studio
0.8.2 Clearances and NOCs
Since Project comes under category B they do not need for ay clearances.
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Apart from the clearances that the project requires to be obtained by the
Project Proponent, the concessionaire & contractor shall also obtain the
required clearances NOCs & licenses from the various agencies & authorities
prior to his work initiation. These are:
 NOC and Consents under Air, Water, EP Acts & Noise rules of SPCB for
establishing and operating plants from SPCB. The NOC shall be made available
after the SPCB completes the process of conducting Public Hearing of the
project (which shall be carried out as per the Prior Environmental Clearance
process)
 NOC under Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 from
SPCB
 PUC certificate for use of vehicles for construction from Department of
Transport
 Quarry lease deeds and license and Explosive license from Dept. of Geology
and Mines & Chief controller of explosives
 NOC for water extraction for construction and allied works from Ground Water
Authority
 Apart from the above clearances, the concessionaire also has to comply with
the following:
 Clearance of Engineer for location and layout of Worker’s Camp, Equipment
yard and Storage yard.
 Clearance of Engineer for Traffic Management Plan for each section of the
route after it has been handed over for construction.
 An Emergency Action Plan should be prepared by the contractor and
approved by the Engineer for accidents responding to involving fuel &
lubricants before the construction starts.
 Submit a Quarry Management Plan to the Engineer along with the Quarry
lease deeds
0.9 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE

0.9.1 Physical Environment
Climate
Delhi lies in the landlocked Northern Plains of the Indian Subcontinent.

Its climate is greatly influenced by its proximity to the Himalayas and the Thar
Desert, causing it to experience both weather extremes
Climate of the project district posse’s Composite climate with majorly five
seasons
1. Spring- February and March

2. Hot summer- April, May and June
3. Monsoon – July, August and September
4. Autumn- October and November
5. Winter- December and January
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Fig 0.b Seasons in

Delhi
Fig 0.c Climate graph of Delhi
Temperature
Delhi has a COMPOSITE Climate, with hot summers, average rainfall and
moderate winters. Mean monthly temperatures range from 14.3° C in January to 34.5° C
in June. However, the temperatures go up to 40-45° C in summers and 4-5° C in winters
Rainfall
The annual precipitation is about 711 mm
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Geology
Geologically, the project district is possessed of Older alluvial plain (Bhangar) These soils
are medium to fine in texture, have low organic content, and are highly productive under
conditions of irrigation and fertilization. In some waterlogged areas, however, these soils
are salinized.
Soil
Alluvial soil with Clay and silt with kankar- due to its low carrying capacity(8-10KN/m2)
nature Pile or piers foundation can be used for construction.
Lower strata consist of Quartzites which is used as locally available building material in
central Delhi.
Seismicity
The entire stretch of the project is under seismic zone IV of seismic zoning classification
system which is a zone of high risk
Air Quality
The air quality in the project area is generally pristine. The Ambient air qualities were
monitored at six locations and it is found that the concentration of PM10 is higher than the
standards which can be attributed to the dryness of the area and the dust present along
the project corridor. Concentrations of CO, SO2 & NOX are well within the standards as
per the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
Noise Quality
It has been observed that noise levels are not within the prescribed limits of CPCB, as
normally observed in other National highways. Noise, though is a major area of concern,
at locations of sensitive receptors (educational establishments like schools and colleges,
hospitals) identified quite close to the road especially within the urban areas.
Water Hydrology and Drainage
Natural drainage is from West to East towards the Yamuna river. Water quality Is not within
the range of standards.
0.9.2 Biological Environment

Trees
Existing trees within the site is to be preserved and is of native species. No vulnerable or
endangered species are rectified.
Fauna
No animal species are found within the project site.
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0.9.3 Social Environment

Census Profile
Delhi is the capital of India and largest metropolitan city, As per the estimates of UN World
Population Prospects, Delhi population in 2020 is 30.2 million (3 crores) with in the National
Capital Region(NCR) and is located in the Northern part. As per the NCT, National Capital
Territory and delineates geographical boundaries of Delhi, By the mid of year 2020 the
population is projected to be 18,710,922 as per Unique Identification Aadhar India,
updated 31, May 2020.
Delhi is second populated city in India after Mumbai and according to UNDP, Delhi Urban
Agglomerate is the second most populous city in the world after Tokyo.
Linguistic Distribution
Delhi is a diverse city. So, Delhi has no own proper language. Time by time many people
came and settled here from various parts of India. Delhi's population is divided in some
major linguistic groups like Punjabi, Haryanvi, Marwari and Bhojpuri. English and pure Hindi
are widely spoken as second language which is mainly use in Offices, Schools, Hospitals or
at any other public places. While Bengali, Garhwali, Kumaoni, Marathi, Gujarati and Urdu
are minorities
Settlement
No major residential settlements can’t be located near to the project site.
Educational Institutes
No major educational institutions are there nearby to the project site.
Cultural Properties
Major cultural properties owned to India is within the site region which is to be considered
while doing construction
Places of Historical Importance / Cultural & Archaeological Heritage
Places of historical importance/Cultural & Archaeological heritage is there within the site
region itself.
0.10 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

The environmental components are mainly impacted during the construction and
operational stages of the project and have to be mitigated for and incorporated in
the engineering design. Environmental mitigation measures represent the project’s
endeavour to reduce its environmental footprint to the minimum possible. These are
conscious efforts from the project to reduce undesirable environmental impacts of
the proposed activities and offset these to the degree practicable. Enhancement
measures are project’s efforts to gain acceptability in its area of influence. They reflect
the pro-active approach of the project towards environmental management.
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0.10.1 Impacts on Climate
Impact on the climate conditions from the proposed project will not be significant
as no major deforestation and / or removal of vegetation is involved for the project.
Also planting of vegetation is also entrusted along with the design.
0.10.2 Impact on Air Quality
There will be rise in PM10 & PM2.5 levels during the construction activities, which
shall again be within prescribed limit after the construction activities are over.
0.10.3 Impact on Noise Levels
Noise sensitive receptors have been identified along the project. Noise pollution will
be more than permissible limit during construction phase. Pre-construction phase
also will posses noise pollution due to the heavy traffic of Mathura road on west to
the site.
0.10.4 Impact on Water Resources and Quality
The construction and operation of the proposed project will not have any major
impacts on the surface water and the ground water quality in the area.
Contamination to water bodies may result due to spilling of construction materials,
oil, grease, fuel and paint in the equipment yards and asphalt plants
Since the site is near to Yamuna river so major attention and measures are taken to
eradicate oil spills and other major contaminants to leach towards the river
0.10.5 Impact on Ecological Resources
There is no major loss of vegetation hence adverse impact in terms of availability of

nesting sites for the bird doesn’t arise. Furthermore, there is no sensitive ecological
area along the existing project, so the impact will be insignificant during
construction period. But on the long run the project shall have a positive impact
due to the compensatory forestation and avenue plantation.
0.10.6 Impact on Land
During the construction of the proposed project, the topography will change due
to excavation of borrow areas, stone quarrying, cuts and fills for project and
construction of project related structures etc. Provision of construction yard for
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material handling will also alter the existing topography. The change in topography
will also be due to the probable induced developments of the project. Benefits in
the form of land levelling and tree plantations in the vicinity of the project road shall
enhance the local aesthetics.
Since seismic prone area foundations to be piled and it will impact the site and
flood prone area so no construction of basement floors
0.11 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
Orienting the building in order to provide occupant comfortability in a climatic zone

like composite climate is achieved by 45 degrees inclined to NS and EW with longest
axis on NS itself. Provision of shading devices by prescriptive calculations and software
modelling enhance the heat reduction into the building during hot summers and heat
gain during col winters. Provision of wind catchers to reduce cooling load inside the
building and also make the building mixed conditioned building.
Air economisers are used to condition the building interior spaces. (museum, theatre
and other exhibition spaces) wind catcher is provided with cooling effect for corridors
and courtyard spaces.
0.12 MITIGATION AVOIDANCE AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES
Both generic and site-specific mitigation and enhancement measures have been
planned for identified adverse environmental impacts. The construction workers
camp will be located at least 500m away from habitations. The construction yard, hot
mix plants, crushers etc. will be located at 500m away from habitations and in
downwind directions. Adequate cross drainage structures have been planned to
maintain proper cross drainage.
The project shall also witness the plantation of trees for providing aesthetic beauty
and shade. Approximately 175 trees of various species have been identified
Of which 20% deciduous trees to line up South and Ever green trees to line up East
and West to protected from sun and wind.
0.13 INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

The responsibility of implementing the mitigation measures and all activities under
environmental management plan (EMP) lies with the concessionaire (selected through
International Competitive Bidding) through the contractor. All construction activities being
taken up by the contractor under the concessionaire shall be scrutinised by the
Independent Engineer who in turn shall report to the proponent who is fully equipped to
meet the challenges of implementation of the environmental mitigation measures in the
EMP In the pre-construction phase of the project the independent Engineer shall review
the EMP to identify environmental and social issues and arrive at a suitable strategy for
implementation. For effective implementation and management of the EMP, the
Concessionaire shall contrive to establish a Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) Cell
headed by an Environment Officer to deal with the environmental issues of the project.
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This officer shall interact with the contractor and other departments to ensure that the
mitigation and enhancement measures mentioned in the EMP are adhered. The
Environmental officer of the concessionaire shall be the interface between the
Environmental Specialist of IE and the Environmental Officer of the contractor. His prime
responsibility shall be to apprise the Environmental Specialist of the IE about the ground
conditions. He shall also procure the requisite clearances and the NOCs for the project
and shall also strictly supervise that the contractor adheres to the EMP. The officer shall
also participate in training programmes and assist the IE in preparing documentation for
good practices in environmental protection. This Environmental officer of the
concessionaire should ideally be a Postgraduate in Environmental Science /
Environmental Management / Zoology / Botany / Ecology / Environmental Engineer /
Environmental Planning. The EO should have 10 years of total experience with a minimum
of 3 years in the implementation of EMP of highway projects and an understanding of
environmental issues. The environmental officer can also look after the additional charges
of safety and health. The Environmental Officer of the contractor should ideally be a
Postgraduate in Environmental Science / Environmental Management / Zoology / Botany
/ Ecology / Environmental Planning / Environmental Engineer. The Environment Officer
should have 5 years of experience with a minimum of 2 years in the implementation of
EMP of highway projects and an understanding of environmental, health and safety issues.
The Environmental Officer of the contractor shall report directly to the Resident
Construction Manager / Project Manager so that the pertinent environmental issues that
he raises are promptly dealt with. He shall also have a direct interaction with the
Environmental Expert and the Environmental Officer of the IC and the concessionaire
respectively. The reporting system will operate linearly – contractor who is at the lowest
rung of the implementation system reporting to the Concessionaire, who in turn shall report
to proponents. All reporting by the concessionaire shall be on a quarterly basis, while the
reporting time of the contractor shall be decided upon by the concessionaire. The project
Site Office will be responsible for setting the targets for the various activities anticipated
during construction phase in consultation with the IC and obtaining agreement from the
Contractor after mobilisation but before beginning of works on site. The contractor will
report from then on regarding the status on each of these. The Site Office will monitor the
activities through its own staff or the consultant’s Environmental Specialist after it has
obtained the Contractor’s report with the Consultant’s remarks on it during the
construction phase. During the operation phase, the supervision as well as reporting
0.14 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
Project specific environmental management plan have been prepared for ensuring
the implementation of the proposed measures during construction phase of the
project, implementation and supervision responsibilities, sufficient allocation of funds,
timeframes for anticipated activities etc. has been dealt with in this document
0.15 CONCLUSIONS
Based on the EIA study and surveys conducted for the Project, it can be safely
concluded that associated potential adverse environmental impacts can be
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mitigated to an acceptable level by adequate implementation of the measures as

stated in the EIA Report. Adequate provisions shall be made in the Project to cover
the environmental mitigation and monitoring requirements, and their associated costs
as suggested in environmental budget. The proposed project shall improve Indian
culture efficiency and bring economic growth by means of rejuvenating cultural
tourism. In terms of air and noise quality, the project shall bring considerable
improvement to possible exposure levels to population.
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
All construction - based projects must co-exist satisfactorily with its surrounding
environment, so as to reduce the environmental Impact caused due to various
activities related to its construction and subsequent operation. Hence, a sound
and safe enplanement management plan Is required to be Incorporated by
the project proponent to achieve sustainable development. In order to assess
the likely impacts arising out of the construction of Bharath Bhawan on the
surrounding environment and evaluating means of alleviating the likely
negative Impacts (If any), emanating from this project, a detailed
environmental impact assessment is to be done.
Infrastructure development has adverse impact on environment. Environment
attributes such as air, water, soil, noise, hydrology, natural drainage, land-use
pattern, demography and socio-economy of the area are affected.
Identification and characterization of critical environmental impacts
encourages public and the government to form a view about the
environmental acceptability and to formulate policy and apply conditions to
recover environment degradation to reduce those risks and impacts on
environment. Environment Impact Assessment is a tool applied to identify
potential parameters, to assess impacts due to project activities and apply
mitigation measures to recover them.
The term EIA refers to the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and
mitigating the environmental consequences of any development projects
and to decrease the possible adverse impacts. It is also one of the most
popular decision-making tools and has been integrated in the regulatory
system of many countries.
A high standard of environmental quality and sustainability requires for
building construction is characterized by clean environment and eco-friendly
building with safe and health comfort, energy efficiency, water efficiency,
ambient air quality, parking area and green cover area including open spaces.
EIA of building construction projects focuses on the prediction of environmental
impact of the different components of the construction activity, ways and
means to reduce adverse impacts by shaping the project to suit local
environmental conditions, and presents the predictions and options to the
decision-makers. Some important components of quality of life in urban
neighbourhoods are summarized as follows
o Environment: important component of quality of life

o Physical: air quality, water quality, derelict land, open space, noise
o Built: building type, condition, appearance
o Social: education, community participation, services, crime, health, mental health.
o Economic: employment and income
EIA is a technical exercise to establish baseline environmental conditions to

predict environmental impact to assess post project environment scenario and to decide
feasibility of the project. The impact assessment covers both construction and operation
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phase of the development. The report covers areas such as noise, air quality, ecology,
water quality & hydrology, local architecture, landscape & visual character, sustainability
and socio-economy. The report describes how the project has been improved through
the EIA process. This report has been prepared as per the EIA Notification, 2006 &
amendments made there, EIA Guidance Manual for Building Construction Township and
Area Development projects as guiding documents.
1.2 Need for the study
 The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has notified the
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006 under the
provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which regulates
development and their expansion/modernization of 39 sectors/activities
listed in the Schedule to the EIA Notification, 2006.
 As per the EIA Notification 2006 it is amended to include different criteria
for buildings that would require EIA. Building and construction projects
with more than 20,000 sq meters to 150,000 m2 of built up area will come
under category A
1.3 Aim
To do Environmental impact assessment of Bharath Bhawan at Pragati Maidan

New Delhi.
1.4 Objectives
The main objective of this EIA study was to identify the impacts due to the
construction and operation of the proposed project and propose suitable
mitigation measures, wherever required. The objectives pursued were as listed
below:
 Establishment of baseline environmental and social scenario of the project
and its surroundings;
 Identification, prediction and evaluation of the environmental and social
impacts likely to arise during the construction and operation phase of the
project
 Analysis of alternatives with respect to site location and project components
 Recommendation of mitigation measures so as to minimize pollution,
environmental disturbance and nuisance during construction and operation of
the proposed project.
 Formulation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for various
environmental parameters
 Designing and specifying the monitoring requirements necessary to ensure the
effective and sustainable implementation.
1.5 Scope of the work
To assess the environmental attributes of the study area, core area of 10 km

radius around the proposed project site has been considered. The broad
scope of the study includes:
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 Desktop study/ literature review to collect data relevant to the study area;
 Analysis of Alternatives
 Primary data collection supplemented with secondary data collection so as to
establish the baseline environmental status of the study area;
 Identify various existing pollution loads due to project activities in the study area;
 Evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes in the study
area
 Identify mitigation measures and prepare an Environmental Management Plan
(EMP) outlining the measures for improving environmental quality and scope for future
expansions for environmentally sustainable development;
 Identify critical environmental attributes required to be monitored regularly.
1.6 Structure of the Report
The content of the report is as follows

0. Executive Summary
1. Introduction
2. Project Description
3. Description of the environment
4. Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures
5. Alternative Technologies
6. Environmental Monitoring Program
7. Additional Studies
8. Project Benefits
9. Environmental Management Plan
10. Summary and Conclusions
11. Disclosure of Consultant Engaged
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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 General
This chapter provides details of the project including site location and settings in the
surroundings, connectivity, project components and their development strategies.
2.2 Description of the Project
The project is to design an Interpretation centre namely Bharath Bhawan which

showcases the culture tradition art and architecture of India encompassing the major
attributes like Language, Literature, tradition, Religion, Art and Craft, Music and Dance
and Architecture through the building. INDIA is a culturally diverse country.
India can’t be frame as following one single culture throughout the region.
The culture variations are not slight and hence cannot be ignored.
In-fact each Indian state have their own cultures to boost about.
But due to cultural ignorance, many Indians as well as foreigners do not know the deeper
meaning of each culture and hence assume various stereotypes that exists now a days.
Hence there is a dire need to educate the people and the visitors exactly about
various rich Indian cultures and simultaneously encourage the cultural development,
giving importance to the life style of the artisans, craftsman etc;
Architecture can act as an important catalyst to bring about it by twinning all the aspects
together and showcase it through a
BHARATH BHAWAN
Fig 2.a Location showing position of the proposed site
The site is located in Pragati Maidan of New Delhi at and latitude of 28.620752N,
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77.241271E. The total plot area is 70,010sq.m (17.3 acres) and the net planned area is 9800
sq.m of ground floor area and total of 20,150 sq.m , excluding the area for vehicular
pathways and recreational area.
The site has accessibility from the Mathura road beside the Supreme Court of India. The
site is surrounded by Supreme Court of India and its extension block to the west and north
side. Mathura Road passes along the west side of the site and an internal two-lane road
to the south side of the site.
Fig 2.b Site plan with immediate surrounding
As per the land use land cover map of Delhi the location comes under the recreational
zone, making the site feasible for the project. The great Yamuna River passes in 1.5km
away from the north east side of the site. There is also a railway track to the north east side
and Mathura road at west and other construction activities to the south of the site which
causes noise disturbances within the site.
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Fig 2.c Master plan of Delhi showing land use map
Fig 2.d Enlarged plan of the proposed site
The site for proposed project falls under Recreational zone which is suitable for proposing
a Bharath Bhawan.
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2.2.1 Salient Features of the Site
Pragati Maidan is a venue for large exhibitions and conventions in New Delhi.
It and has 18 halls, 22 permanent pavilions, covered space of 130,000 square meters and
an open area of 180,000 square meters.
It is owned and managed by Indian Trade Promotion Organization (ITPO), the premier
trade promotion agency of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India.Industry
Fig 2.d Enlarged plan of the proposed site
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Table 1: Salient Features of the Site
S. No. Description Proposed
1. Plot Area 70,010sq.m

2. Proposed Built Up Area 20,150 sq.m
3. Maximum Height 22 metres

4. Maximum No. of Floors G+2
5. Cost of Project 81,30,24,000 Rs
6. Expected Population 2000 users
(Proposed)
7. Total Water Requirement 150KLD
8. STP Capacity and Technology 336 KLD, MBR
9. No. of RWH Proposed 2 RWHT, No Recharge pit
10. Parking Proposed 518 cars, 10 bus, 207 two
wheelers
11. Solid Waste Generation kg/day
2.3 Site Surroundings and Connectivity
The proposed site is connected to Delhi, Noida, and other NCR regions. It is surrounded by
places such as Supreme Court, Purana Qila and National Sports Club, Mandi House,
Bappa Nagar, Balmiki Basti and kaka Nagar within 5km of the area of the site.
Fig 2.e Location 5 km radius map
22
Geographical co-ordinates of the site are given in Table
Table 2: Geographical coordinates of the site
Site is well connected to transport facilities as well as surrounded by densely populated

areas. Pragati Maidan is flanked by Mathura Road to its West and Bhairon Road on the
South. To its east runs the main railway line to Central and Southern India. Pragati Maidan
is situated in Central Delhi and directly connected to India Gate and Purana Qila Road.
On the adjacent side, Pragati Maidan metro station and Pragati Maidan Bus terminal are
located.
23
Table 3: Site surroundings and connectivity
24
2.4 Area Details

Sl no Space Area in sq.m
1. Entrance lobby 1200
2. Courtyards 730
3. Cultural centre 3190
4. Administration 445
5. Food court 500
6. Private gallery 1380
7. Library 445
8. Circulation areas 1230(per floor)
9. GF area including circulation 9800
10. FF area including circulation 9500
11. SF area 850
12 Total Floor Areas 20,150
Table 4: Area Details of Proposed Building
2.3.1 Ground coverage and FAR Details
Sl no Storey Ground F.A.R Height

coverage
1. GF 9800 0.14 6.2 meters
2. G+1 9500 0.135 11.2 meters
3. G+2 850 0.0121 16.2 meters
Table 5: Ground Coverage and FAR details of Proposed Building
FAR attained = 0.28 as per standards maximum permissible F.A.R = 1.2
2.5 Land Environment
The site has been allotted to India Trade Promotion Organisation (ITPO), the premier trade
promotion agency of the Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India for conducting
large exhibitions and conventions at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi.
Fig 2.f Topographical map of Delhi
25
2.5.1 Topography
 Physically the natural capital territory of Delhi can be divided into 3 segments - the
Yamuna flood plain, the Ridge and the Plain. The entire area of the national capital
territory of Delhi is categorized as Bangar or the plain. The land of the plain is mostly
fertile
 The entire area of the site is monotonously flat. The project area possesses plain terrain.
Highest elevation levels is 210 meters & the lowest levels is 208 meters, msl.
2.6 Population Density
During Construction Phase
The total manpower requirement during construction phase of the site will be an
approximate 250-300 person which includes workmen, labourers, supervisors, engineers,
architect and Manager.
During Operational Phase
The total population of the project Proposed will be 8452 persons that include staff as
well as Visitor
population. The detailed population breakup including Staff members as well as visitors is
given in table below
Sl no Spaces Floor area Occupant load No of users
factor
1 Entrance lounge 1200 10 120
2 Cloak room 60 10 6
3 Cultural centre 3190 0.6 5316
4 Private gallery 1380 0.6 2300
5 Amphitheatre 450 10 45
6 Circulation 1200x2 10 240
7 Restaurant 500 1.5 335
8 Administration 445 10 45
9 Library 445 10 45
Total number of populations 8452 persons
Table 6: Population Details for Proposed Building
2.7 Water environment
(Requirement and Consumption)
Operational Phase
Total water requirement for the Project is 150 KLD. Fresh water requirement is approx. 37.5
KLD. The main sources fresh water will be
 DJB (Delhi Jal Board)
 Registered tube wells within ITPO Complex.
26
However, the secondary sources of the water are
 Tanker supply (For Emergency Use only)
 Treated Effluent from an external centralized sewage treatment Plant The existing
source of water for the project is DJB.
There are two existing metered tapings from 450 mm diameter water pipe line, one of the
connections is of 50 mm diameter and is near gate no. 3 of ITPO while the other
connection is of 150 mm diameter and is near gate no.7. Water is supplied 24 x 7 to Pragati
Maidan. There are existing 5 bore well and additional 2 bore well will be dug to fulfil the
present water demand. Efficient dual flushing fixtures will be provided for conservation of
fresh water. The demand may vary depending on the water conservation methods
employed by the facility, which may include use of water efficient fixture, use of
dishwashers, water auditing and metering etc Total quantity of wastewater generation will
likely to be 134.5 KLD. The generated sewage will be collected and treated in the in-house
Sewage Treatment Plant of 336 KLD capacity. The treated wastewater will be re used for
flushing and gardening and HVAC cooling. Surplus water requirement for HVAC cooling
will be met by wastewater from DJB which will be treated in in -house STP. Water Balance
diagram during Non-Rainy season and Rainy season are shown below.
Sl no Space Population Water consumption Water required
l/day
1 Entrance lobby 120 15 1800
2 Cultural centre 5316 15 79740
3 Restaurant 335 75 25125
4 Gallery 2300 15 34500
5 Administration 45 45 2025
6 library 45 45 2025
7 Amphi 45 15 675
8 Circulation 240 15 3600
Total water requirement 1,49,490 L/D
Table 7: Water Requirement during Operational Phase (Retained + Proposed) Building
During Construction Phase
The quantity of sewage generation during the construction phase will be approx 7 KLD.
Thus, the sewage will be treated by providing small septic tanks, soak trenches and sulabh
shauchalaya type mobile toilets.
During Operational Phase
Quantity of sewage generated during operational phase shall be 135 KLD. Thus the
sewage will be treated through sewage treatment plant of capacity 305 KLD based on
MBR Technology. The treated sewage will be re used for flushing, greenbelt development
and for HVAC
Particulars Quantity
Daily load 135 KLD
Duration of flow to STP 2.5 days
Temperature 32 degrees
Table 8: Wastewater Details
27
Table 9: Waste water peculiarities
Preventive measures to Avoid Leaching
Treated sewage from Sewage Treatment Plant will be conveyed to Treated Sewage Tank
through pipelines. All the joints from piping system will be checked periodically and
carrying treated wastewater pipes will be laid in conduits wherever road crossings are
expected. Thus, no leaching of treated sewage into nearby water courses shall take
place. Supervisors will be employed for overall operation & maintenance of water supply,
waste water treatment and other utility services.
2.8 Electrical Details
2.8.1 Power Details
The power shall be supplied by BSES Delhi. The total demand load for the project is 6.76
MVA. It is proposed to install an Electrical sub- Station named MRS-1
2.8.2 D.G. Sets Details
In case of power failure, there is an 11 KV DG rooms with corresponding MRS .it provides
the 100% power back up for the development. The location of DG rooms is at the ground.(
due to flood proneness of the site)
2.8.3 Lighting system
Lighting systems with green features to be used for this project are:
 Solar Street Lightings.
 LED lights over T5 or T8 Fluorescent lightings
2.8.4 Lighting Control through day lighting and sensor Motion
It is proposed to use Presence/Occupancy sensors in common areas like corridor, Lift

Lobby, Toilets etc. which will result in considerable saving of energy.
 Two-way programmable High performance, compact presence detectors /occupancy

sensors will be used which provide automatic control for lighting loads.
 It detects human presence and automatically turns the lights ‘ON’. When the area is
vacated, the lights turn ‘OFF’ after a pre-set time period.
 The sensor has advanced presence detection by passive infrared (PIR) technology along
with Sensitivity level adjustments. The sensor has Adjustable off delay timing 10 sec – 99 min
which can be programmed & changed using a remote control.
28
 The sensor has a Passive photocell that holds lights OFF in extremely bright ambient
conditions.
 The occupancy cum day light sensors will be used which are used for switching off the
luminaries when the areas are unoccupied & also used for dimming the luminaries when
there is day light coming inside the building & thus help to reduce the power consumption.
 This sensor is basically used in the areas along the building façade where the day light
contribution is high. Along with presence detection, this sensor has built-in adjustable
photocell which regulates the lighting level as per availability of natural daylight in an
area, thus maintaining uniform illumination.
Integrated Fire Detection System
This will comprise of below mentioned components.
 Intelligent addressable Fire Detection system with communication, notification &

Interface capability.
 Manual call points for activation of fire alarm system manually.
 Integrated Emergency Voice Evacuation System.
 Interlocking with other equipment likes Elevators, Air-conditioning Units, Smoke Extraction
system etc.
2.9 Rainwater Harvesting and Storm Water Drain
A rainwater harvesting system comprises components of various stages - transporting

rainwater through pipes or drains, filtration, and recharging the ground water through
tanks. Percolation structures will be constructed for ground water recharge. Runoff from
the first spell of rain carries a relatively large amount of pollutants from the air and
catchments surface so the system will be provided with a filtration pit consisting of layers
of sand, gravel and pebbles of relevant sizes to remove impurities from the collected
rainwater.
2.9.1 Need for Rainwater Harvesting
Surface water is inadequate to meet the daily demand and we have to depend on
ground water.
 Due to rapid urbanization, infiltration of rain water into the sub-soil has decreased
drastically and recharging of ground water has diminished.
 Rainwater harvesting prevents the flooding of low-lying areas in the site.
2.9.2 Rainwater Harvesting Network
Rain water harvesting structures will be constructed all around the compound wall to
collect rain water. Excess storm water will be allowed to drain into the external storm drain.
Rain water harvesting has been catered to and designed as per the guideline of CGWA.
Peak hourly rainfall has been considered as 11 mm/hr. The recharge well of 10 mtr dia and
10 mtr depths and 4 mtrs width will be constructed for recharging the water. The bottom
of the recharge structure will be kept 5 m above this level. At the bottom of the recharge
pit, a filter media is provided to avoid choking of the recharge bore. The pit will be filled
29
with rounded gravel 5 to 10 mm size. The sectional detail of the proposed rain water
recharge structure is provided in below figure. The path ways around the harvesting lines
will be graded to facilitate drainage into trenches proposed around the compound.
Recharge wells/structures are envisaged along the path of the storm water drains for rain
water recharging & surplus water from the recharge wells/structures shall be diverted to
the storm water drainage network. The collected storm water will be allowed to percolate
to the sub-soil by suitably designed percolation structures. The structures will be designed
based on the soils percolation capability. The subsoil water table is high in these areas and
however harvesting structures with bores will be provided. Percolation structures of suitable
numbers will be provided for recharge of ground water potential. A total of 2 rain water
harvesting structures will be constructed
Fig 2 g Rain water harvesting tank plan
2.9.3 Efficacy of Rainwater Harvesting
The area of site has the water table at 3.0 M. It is not advisable to recharge aquifer by rain
water in areas with water table less than 8.0 M.
Use the storm water to run chillers cooling towers after tertiary treatment during the
monsoons. The treated effluent being received from DJB will not be drawn during this
period. The facility management team must ensure the same.
2.10 Parking Details
Adequate provision will be made for car/vehicle parking at the project site. There shall be
adequate parking provisions for visitors so as not to disturb the traffic and allow smooth
movement at the site. Proposed project will be consisting of basement and open parking.
The parking space criteria and area requirement provided are summarized in the table
below. Parking details are designed as per Delhi Building Bye Laws
30
ECS required as per Delhi byelaw = 2 ECS/ 100 m. sq area
Proposed ECS= 518 cars, 10 buses, 270 two wheelers
20150 sq.m area requires 202 ECS
So, provided enough ECS provisions
2.11 Solid Waste Generation and Management
2.11.1 During Construction Phase of the Proposed Building
The solid waste expected to be generated during the construction phase will comprise of
excavated materials, used bags, bricks, concrete, MS rods, tiles, wood etc.
The following steps are proposed to be followed for the management solid waste:
 Construction yards are proposed for storage of construction materials.
 The excavated material such as topsoil and stones will be stacked for reuse during later
stages of construction.
 Excavated top soil will be stored in temporary constructed soil bank and will be reused
for landscaping during operational phase of the project.
 Remaining soil shall be utilized for refilling / road work / rising of site level at locations/
selling to outside agency for construction of roads etc.
 Construction waste management is shown in below figure.
Fig 2.h Solid waste management for construction phase
2.11.2 C & D waste of Existing Buildings
 Construction and demolition waste of the site shall be kept within the premises.
31
 The waste shall be mainly comprising of concrete, RCC, brick work, flooring, finishes,
pavement, doors, windows and ventilators, roofing, electrical, water supply, sanitary
installations, rain water pipe with all fittings and fixtures etc.
 Waste shall be deposited at collection centre made at the site and will be transported
and disposed to the Burari recycling plant of MCD by approved agency.
 As inert it shall be used to fill material for low -lying areas, landscaping, Road Making etc.
 Finer grade can be molded into blocks and slabs with appropriate binder.
Following arrangements will be made at the site in accordance to Municipal Solid Wastes
(Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 and amended Rules; 2016.
2.11.4 Collection and Segregation of waste
 For Domestic Waste
 A door to door collection system will be provided for collection of domestic waste in
coloured bins from every unit.
 The local vendors will be hired to provide separate coloured bins for dry recyclables and
Bio-Degradable waste.
 For waste collection, adequate number of coloured bins (Green and Blue & dark grey
bins– separate for Bio-degradable and Non-Biodegradable) are proposed to be provided
at the strategic locations of the area.  Litter bin will also be provided in open areas like
parks etc.
2.11.5 Treatment of Waste
Domestic Waste
Bio degradable Waste
 Bio-degradable waste will be subjected to the compost/resultant will be used as manure.
 STP sludge is proposed to be used for horticultural purposes as manure.
 Horticultural Waste is proposed to be composted and will be used for gardening

purposes.
 Recyclable Waste
 The cropped grass will be spread on the green area. It will act as manure after
decomposition.
 Recyclable wastes like paper, plastic, metals etc. will be sold off to recyclables.
2.11.6 Disposal
Recyclable and non-recyclable wastes will be disposed through Govt. approved agency.
Hence, the Municipal Solid Waste Management t will be conducted as per the guidelines
of Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 and amended Rules,
2016. Solid waste management Scheme is depicted in the following figure.
32
2.12 Building sustainability
The Bharath Bhawan has been planned in lines with green building principles and ECBC
(Energy Conservation Building Code) standards. The project will include eco-friendly
design, energy efficient systems, state of the art technology and compliance to all
statutory regulations. Consideration of alternative technologies to be used in building
materials, energy conservation are addressed in this section. It has been proposed to
incorporate solar passive techniques in a building design to help minimize load on
conventional systems such as heating, cooling, ventilation & light. Following will be
considered to achieve a solar passive building design.
 The project will incorporate green vegetated roofs in order to reduce external heat
gains from the roof top.
 The project can discharge around 15-20% of the total heat to the ground using
geothermal wells. The ambient air ventilated through this tunnel will get cooled in
summer and warmed in winter.
 30% extra fresh air over minimum requirements of ASHRAE 62 for wellbeing of
occupants in exhibition halls, commercial and hotel buildings;
 Optimized insulation will be done in building envelope (walls & roof) to reduce external
heat gain for better energy efficiency and reduced air-conditioning loads;
 Mixed mode ventilation for free cooling in exhibition halls, convention centre and
arena during favourable weather conditions is proposed;
 HVAC will be integrated with geo-thermal for higher energy efficiency.
33
 Efficient insulation of roof and walls, appropriate selection of glazing and framing for
windows and suitable shading strategy are important in designing energy efficient
buildings. The project shall select appropriate Building envelope design has considered
and optimized heat factors, U-factors to minimize internal heating/cooling loads.
Table 11. U factor requirements for Opaque wall and Roof assembly ECBC 2005
Energy efficient double-glazing windows shall be used for the project since they offer
superior thermal performance (Reduced solar heat gain) and help in significantly
reducing unwanted external noise of traffic. The specification of the glass used for the
project is provided in table below
Materials with recycled content shall be used to maximum extent, wherever possible as
they reduce virgin materials use and solid waste volumes.
 The project shall utilize building materials that are locally manufactured, extracted and
harvested within a distance of 800kms.The use of regional building materials reduces
transportation and the associated pollution generated to deliver the materials to the
project site.
Paints, Adhesives & Sealants with low VOC shall be selected for this project. A central air
conditioning system shall be designed to provide year-round thermal and environmental
control.
 Air Conditioning shall be provided by a variable flow chilled water recirculation system
for maximum energy conservation.
 Solar hot water systems shall be provided to meet at least 20% of total hot water
requirement of the entire project.
 Installation of roof top solar photovoltaic on SW facade of Exhibition halls shall be

explored to reduce
 Dependency on conventional sources for electricity.
 Double glazed units for all external glazing to prevent solar heat gain inside the building
34
 Optimized insulation in building envelope (walls & roof) to reduce external heat gain for
better energy efficiency and reduced air-conditioning loads
3. DESCRIPTION OF BASELINE ENVIRONMENT
This chapter provides the details pertaining to existing environment settings in the
study area of the proposed project Bharath Bhawan at Pragati Maidan, Mathura
road, Delhi.
Study Area: An area within 10km radius from the periphery of project site
earmarked for IECC has been considered as the Study Area of the proposed
project. The generation of baseline data comprises of site visits, primary
environmental monitoring, ecological surveys, social surveys, processing of satellite
imagery and secondary data review from established sources such as Indian
Meteorological Department, Census of India etc. NABL accredited lab was
engaged to carry out the environmental monitoring. The monitored parameters
included -ambient air quality, water quality, soil quality, noise levels, and traffic
survey of the study area.
3.1. Methodology
The baseline assessment is based on project site area assessment and
reconnaissance survey of the study area of 10 km radius around the site
boundary.
The studies were conducted by considering the following:
 The various environmental attributes were divided into primary and
secondary studies. Primary attributes such as air environment, water, soil,
noise, traffic, flora and fauna and socio-economic aspects were assessed
by conducting field studies and on-site monitoring and review of the past
studies conducted; and
 Secondary attributes such as land use studies, geology, physiological
characteristics, have been assessed by literature review of studies
conducted in the past and by various government publications and
departments and other related past studies and literature etc.
 Primary environmental baseline data viz. ambient air quality, water quality,
soil quality, noise level and traffic density were collected as per norms and
standards prescribed by CPCB.
The various parameters surveyed and studied for the baseline study are
discussed in the following sections components.
 Land Environment
 Meteorology
 Air Environment
 Ambient Noise Level
 Water Environment
 Soil Quality
 Biological Environment
35
 Solid waste and management

 Socio-economic status
3.2. Land Environment

3.1. Site Setting & Topography
 The proposed site is connected to Delhi, Noida, and other NCR regions. It
is surrounded by places such as Supreme Court, Purana Qila and National
Sports Club, Mandi House, Bappa Nagar, Balmiki Basti and kaka Nagar within
5km of the area of the site. Physically the natural capital territory of Delhi can
be divided into 3 segments - the Yamuna flood plain, the Ridge and the
Plain. The entire area of the national capital territory of Delhi is categorized
as Bangar or the plain. The land of the plain is mostly fertile
 The entire area of the site is monotonously flat. The project area possesses
plain terrain. Highest elevation levels is 210 meters & the lowest levels is 208
meters.
3.2 Physiography
The physiography of Delhi is dominated by the river Yamuna, and the Aravalli
range, and the plains in between, formed by alluvium deposits of recent
formation. The Delhi Ridge and its four sections, the northern, the central, the
south central and the southern constitute the farthest extension of the
Aravalli range, its spurs meeting the Yamuna at two points, in the north and
the east.
3.3 Geology and Seismicity

Delhi, the capital of India is bounded by the Indo-Gangetic alluvial plains in
the North and East, by Thar Desert in the West and by Aravalli hill ranges in
the South. The terrain of Delhi is flat in general except for a low NNE-SSW
trending ridge which is considered and extension of the Aravalli hills of
Rajasthan. As per the seismic zoning map of India (IS: 1893, Part-1, 2002), the
project site is located in the Zone IV, classified as MSK VIII i.e., area having
high damage risk zone. The design of all the proposed facilities in the project
will consider the required seismic resistance.
Figure 3.a and Figure 3.b show the Seismic Zone map for India Indicating
project location and First Level Seismic Hazard Micro-Zonation Map of NCT,
Delhi
36
Fig 3.a Seismic Zone map of India
Fig 3.b. Seismic zone map of New Delhi
37
3.4. Meterology
Meteorological parameters are responsible for dispersion and diffusion of pollutants
in the atmosphere. Thus, the Assessment of the existing meteorological conditions in
the vicinity of a source of pollutants is vital
for assessing air quality in the area. The main parameters aretemperature, humidity,
rainfall, winds and cloud cover. The meteorology and air environment of the area are
discussed in subsequent sections.
Long Term Meteorological Data The most recent long-term climate trend data was
obtained for the years (2007-2011), from the closest Indian Meteorological
Department (IMD) surface station at IGI Airport, Palam, and Delhi. Mean monthly
normal of atmospheric parameters, wind roses for each month giving the wind
direction speed were collected and have been presented in Table 19. Most probable
wind speed class and wind direction in the area has been assessed and presented.
Table 12. Climatological Summary (obtained from nearest IMD MET station at Palam (2015-2019))
Precipitation
The data obtained from IMD station at Palam for the average annual rainfall in the years
2016-2020 has been presented
Table 13. Annual Rainfall (2019)
38
Wind Direction and Speed
Ground level pollutant concentration is inversely proportional to the wind speed. It can be
referred from Table below that the wind speed is maximum in the month of May and blows
at a speed of 13.09 kmph whereas month of November experiences lowest wind speed
being 5.36 kmph. The predominant wind direction is North West.
The predominant wind direction in May (during hot & dry condition) is North-West and in
June & July (during monsoon season) the predominant wind direction is from Southeast.
Table 14. Wind speed and Direction
Fig 3.c. Seasonal Wind rose diagram
39
Wind Rose
During the monitoring period, the direction of the wind is predominantly from West
followed by West North west and West South West same as long terms trend. The average
wind speed during the monitoring period was observed as 2.26m/s and a very low calm
period of 0.26% is reported. The wind rose diagram for the study period is presented in
below diagram
Fig 3.d. Wind rose diagram

3.5 Air Environment
An important component of an EIA study is the assessment of prevailing ambient

air quality status in the vicinity of proposed project site. The tropical climatic
conditions, especially monsoon winds prevailing in India mainly control the
transport and dispersion of air pollutants during different seasons. Local
topographical features along with predominant winds and weather conditions also
play a vital role in dispersion of these air-borne particles. The baseline studies for air
environment covers reconnaissance, identification of specific air pollutants
expected to have significant impacts from the proposed project and assessing their
prevailing levels in ambient air at representative locations within the impact zone
around the project site.
The sources of air pollution during construction and operational phases of the
project are as follows:
Sources of Pollution during Construction Phase:
The construction phase includes site clearance and site preparation, infrastructure
development, building construction and other related activities, movement of
40
construction vehicles and equipment. During the construction phase of the project,
the pollutants anticipated to be emitted are - suspended particulate matter (SPM),
carbon monoxide (CO), and Sulphur dioxide (SO2) from all construction activities.
Sources of Pollution during Operational phase:
The operational phase includes emissions from vehicular movement and negligible
emissions from sewage and solid waste handling and disposal. During the
operational phase of the project, the pollutants anticipated to be emitted are -
nitrogen oxides (NOx), SPM, Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and CO from vehicle exhaust
within the project site.
Site Area Specific Ambient Air Quality

Sources of Air Emissions Surrounding the Site The vicinity of the project site is
characterised by rural setup with presence of villages and agricultural land. Local
activities in these villages and villages within 5 kms study area contribute to air
pollution in the project area. The vehicular emissions on sectoral roads, domestic
emissions and biomass burning in nearby villages also contribute towards air
pollution in the study area.
Site–specific Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

A site–specific background air quality monitoring program was conducted for the
existing project site post-monsoon season, March-2017 -May 2017. Background
data was collected for SPM, RSPM, SO2, NOx, CO at five (5) locations, primarily
selected on the basis of predominant wind direction, which is North- West direction.
The details of the AQ Monitoring locations are presented in Table
Table 15: Air Quality Data Collected at the Site
41
Bharath
Bhawan Delhi
17.1 acres
Pragati Maidan
Site
Fig 3.e. Ambient Air quality monitoring stations
The parameters to be monitored, frequency and number of samples taken at each station
are presented in the table below.
Table 16: Details of Monitoring Program for Ambient Air Quality
The protocol and analysis procedures followed to examine the collected samples were as
per IS-5182 (Indian Standards for Ambient Air Quality Parameters). The applied testing
procedures are given below
42
Table 17: Ambient air quality in the study area (March-May)
Particulate Matter (PM2.5): (CPCB Method) Particulate Matter (PM2.5) was analyzed by
Gravimetric Method. Particulate matter was collected on the 37 mm dia glass micro fiber
Filter Paper. PM2.5 value is determined from the values of volume of air passes through
Ambient Fine Dust Sampler.
Particulate Matter (PM10): Particulate Matter (PM10) was carried out by Ambient Fine
sampler as per IS: 5182 (Part 23):2006. Particulate matter was collected on the GF/A Filter
Paper. Particles with aerodynamics diameter less than the cut-point of the inlet are
collected by the filter. The mass of these particles is determined by the difference in filter
weight prior to and after sampling.
43
Sulphur dioxide (SO2) (IS: 5182; Part – II – 2001 and reaffirmed 2006): Sulphur dioxide is
absorbed by aspirating a measured air sample through a solution of Potassium or sodium
tetra chloro mercurate, TCM. This procedure results in the formation of a dichloro sulphite
mercurate complex. The Sulphite Ion produced during sampling is reacted with sulphamic
acid, formaldehyde and para rosaniline to form an azo dye and then determined
colorimetrical.
Nitrogen Oxides (IS: 5182; Part – VI – 2006): Nitrogen dioxide is collected by bubbling air
through a sodium hydroxide- sodium arsenide solution to form a stable solution of sodium
Nitrite. The Nitrite Ion Produced during sampling is reacted with hydrogen peroxide,
Sulphur amide and NEDA to form an azodye and then determined calorimetrically.
Carbon Monoxide (IS: 5182 Part –X-1999 Reaffirmed 2003): This analyser is used to
measure CO in ambient air, in the range of 0-200 ppm (220 mg/m3) to a sensitivity of 0.05
ppm 55µg/m3). The Serinus 30 combines the benefits of Microprocess control with Non-
Dispersive Infrared Spectro photometry technology. CO concentration is automatically
corrected for gas temperature and pressure changes. CO was monitored an hourly basis
whereas other parameters were monitored on 24 hourly basis.
3.5.2. Baseline Scenario

a) Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
Fine particles include all types of combustion, including motor vehicles, power plants,
residential wood burning, forest fires, agricultural burning, and some industrial processes.
The following sources of particulate matter in the study area are identified:
 Emission due to vehicular movement
 Dust generation from machines used at site
PM2.5 recorded within the study area was in the range of 50 µg/m 3 to 99 µg/m 3 with the
98th percentile 97.62 µg/m 3 were compared with the National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS) and found that all sampling stations recorded in the study area are
more than the applicable limits i.e., 60µg/m 3 for PM2.5 for industrial, residential, rural and
other areas.
b) Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)
Suspended particulate matter in general terms is the particulate matter in suspension in

ambient air. It includes dust, smoke etc. The following sources of suspended particulate
matter in the study area are identified:
 Emission due to vehicular movement
 Dust generation from machines used
PM10 recorded within the study area was in the range of 120 µg/m 3 to 282 µg/m 3 with
the 98th percentile 188.9 µg/m 3 The 24-hourly average values of PM10 were compared
with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and found that all sampling
stations recorded in the study area are not within the applicable limits i.e., 100 µg/m 3 for
PM10 for industrial, residential, rural and other areas
44
c) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
Sulphur dioxide gas is an inorganic gaseous pollutant. Sulphur dioxide emissions are
expected to be emitted wherever combustion of any fuel containing sulphur takes place.
The sulphur in the fuel will combine with oxygen to form sulphur dioxide. The following
sources of sulphur dioxide in the study area are identified:
 Emissions from domestic/consumption of fuel (diesel, etc)
Sulphur dioxide in atmosphere is significant because of its toxicity;
sulphur dioxide is capable of producing illness and lung injury. Further it can combine with
water in the air to form toxic acid aerosols that can corrode metal surfaces, fabrics and
the leaves of plants. Sulphur dioxide is an irritant to the eyes and respiratory system.
Excessive exposure to sulphur dioxide causes bronchial asthma and other breathing
related diseases as it affects the lungs.
SO2 recorded within the study area was in the range of 10.8 µg/m 3 to 14.3 µg/m 3 with
the 98th percentile ranging between 19.82 µg/m 3. The 24-hourly average values of SO2
were compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and it was
found that all sampling stations recorded values are below the applicable limits 80 µg/m3
for industrial, residential, rural and other areas.
d) Oxides of Nitrogen (NO2)
The important sources of oxides of Nitrogen are from utilities and auto exhaust due to
vehicular movement in project area. The following sources of oxides of nitrogen in the
study area are identified.
 Emissions from vehicular movements in the study area. Oxides of Nitrogen in the presence
of sunlight will undergo reactions with a number of organic compounds to produce all the
effects associated with photochemical smog. NO2 has inherent ability to produce
deleterious effects by themselves like toxicity. It causes asphyxiation when its
concentration is great enough to reduce the normal oxygen supply from the air. NO2
recorded within the study area was in the range of 28.4 µg/m 3 – 50.4 µg/m3 with the 98th
percentile range of 50.4 µg/m 3.
The 24-hourly average values of NO2 were compared with the National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS) and it was found that all sampling stations recorded values
are below the applicable limits 80 µg/m 3 for industrial, residential, rural and other areas
Carbon monoxide (CO)—a colourless, odourless, tasteless, and toxic air pollutant—is
produced in the incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuels, such as gasoline,
natural gas, oil, coal, and wood. The following sources of oxides of carbon in the study
area are identified.
 Emissions from vehicular movements in the study area. Breathing the high concentrations
of CO typical of a polluted environment leads to reduced oxygen (O2) transport by
haemoglobin and has health effects that include headaches, increased risk of chest pain
for persons with heart disease, and impaired reaction timing
CO recorded within the study area was in the range of 0.91 mg/m 3 – 2.11 mg/m 3 with
the 98th percentile range of 1.98 mg/m3.
45
The 24-hourly average values of NO2 were compared with the National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS) and it was found that all sampling stations recorded values
are below the applicable limits 2 mg/m 3 for industrial, residential, rural and other areas
3.6 Noise Environment

The different sources of noise pollution during the construction phase include vehicles
carrying construction material, operation of construction machinery and equipment
at site. During the operational phase of the project, the noise pollution is expected to
arise due to increase in vehicular movement in and around the site. Estimated traffic
volumes and peaks at the selected locations have been presented in the results from
the traffic baseline sampling study. An assessment of the baseline noise levels at five
(5) locations within the 5 km radius study area was done. Table 18 presents the details
of noise monitoring, which have also shown in Figure 3.f
Table 18. Noise monitoring details
46
Bharath
Bhawan Delhi
17.1 acres
Pragati
Maidan
Site
Figure 3.f.: Noise Quality Monitoring Stations
Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate change (MoEF & CC) has notified the noise
standards vide gazette notification dated February 14, 2000 for different zones under the
Environment Protection Act (1986). These standards are:
Table 19: Ambient Quality Standards in Respect of Noise
Note:
1. Daytime is from 6:00 am to 10:00 pm and Night time is from 10:00 pm to 6:00 am.
2. Silence zone is defined as area up to 100 meters around the premises of hospitals, educational
institutions and courts. Use of speakers and bursting of crackers are banned in these zones
47
Table 20: Noise Level Monitoring Result
3.7 Water environment

This section discusses status of water resources and water quality in the project area. The
data has been collected from various secondary sources and primary survey carried out
in the impact zone. To assess the existing status of the water environment (pre-project) in
the project study area, representative sampling locations for surface water and ground
water were selected on the basis of their respective significance within the study area
around project site and sent for laboratory testing. The standard methods prescribed for
surface and groundwater samplings as well as the analytical procedures for individual
parameters were followed in this study.
Water Sampling Locations
The surface and ground water samples were collected from different locations representing ground water
and surface water receptor within the Study area. The criteria for selecting the locations of sampling were:
 Land use (nearness to habitation/ any waste disposal sites)
 Drainage patterns (man-made/ natural canals etc)
Two (2) surface water samples and five (5) ground water samples were collected for analysis. Table below
gives the location details of the ground water and surface water sampling locations.
48
Table 21. Water monitoring

stations
Pragati
Maidan
Fig 3.g. Water monitoring stations of study area
The ground water samples were analysed for parameters as per IS: 10500 standards and
the analysis were undertaken as per IS 3025 and relevant APHA standard methods. In
case of surface water, CPCB limits for classification of water were followed for
assessment of water quality. Details of monitoring program for surface water quality and
ground water quality has been given in below tables. The results of the analysis are
presented in Table 24.
49
Table 22. Details of Monitoring Programme for Surface Water
Table 23. Details of Monitoring Programme for Ground Water
50
Table 24: : surface Water quality analysis
51
The surface water sample was collected from Yamuna River upstream (SW1) where the
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) levels were found to be very high, i.e. 34mg /l. Total
coliforms were found to be present more than 1600. Also, concentration of boron in water
sample collected is 0.0.31 mg/litre. Based on above analysis, the quality of Surface water
samples collected from Yamuna river can be classified as Class “E” of CPCB standards
which is categorized as ‘Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, Controlled Waste disposal’. Water
sample collected from Yamuna downstream has a BOD of 38 mg/litre and COD of 258
mg/litre. Total Coliform in the sample was observed to be more than 1600 and Boron is
observed to of 0.28 mg/litre in concentration. Hence, SW-2 falls under category E as per
CPCB standards.
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Ground Water quality

Ground Water results are inferred below:
 High levels of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and alkalinity were found in the water samples collected
from all the locations.
 The Alkalinity of ground water exceeded the desirable limit of 200 mg/l at all locations (at site 396
mg/l). However, it was within the permissible limit of 600 mg/l;
 The total dissolved solids (1076-1948 mg/l), total hardness levels (498-896 mg/l) exceeded the
respective desirable limits at all ground water sampling locations;
 The magnesium level exceeded desirable limit (30mg/l) at GW1 i.e. 102 mg/l;
 Fluoride concentration was found to be 0.4-0.7 mg/l
 All heavy metals were also found to be below the respective detection limit in all the samples
collected from these 3 ground water sampling locations.
 All the ground water samples were observed to be free of contamination of bacteriological and
faecal contamination;
3.8 Soil Quality

The pre-project status with respect to soil characteristics (physical, chemical and
bacteriological), land use pattern in the study area around the proposed project site forms
the baseline status of land environment. A soil sampling program was carried out at
representative four locations selected in the basis of type of land use (nearness to
agricultural fields, drainage, source of pollution etc). The details of soil monitoring locations
are given in Table 26
Table 26. Soil monitoring stations
The parameters to be monitored, frequency and methodology of sampling are as follows

in table below.
53
Pragati
Maidan
Fig 3.h Soil Quality Monitoring Location
Table 27: Details of Monitoring Program for Soil Quality
54
Table 28. Soil Analysis
Table 29: Standard soil classification
55
In qualitatively terms, soil texture refers to the feel of the soil material, whether coarse and
gritty, or fine and smooth. In general, soil behaviour can be inferred from the texture. At
project site and within its 5 km radius, soil is found to be Sandy loam. The Sand percentage
observed in the soil ranged from 54.65% to 68.3%, silt 16.8 % to 22.1 % and clay 14.9 % to
23.3% and was observed highest at SQ3 (Project site) and lowest at SQ1 (Purana Qila).
Water holding capacity ranges from 24.1 to 29.8 % at all soil quality monitoring locations.
Total nitrogen content present in the soil available in the region ranges between 110-169
mg/kg and phosphorus content was observed to be below detection limit at all the
locations monitored. This indicates that soil in the study area having low levels of
Phosphorus and Nitrogen. Soil in the study area contains very low quantity of Micronutrient
such as Copper and Zinc and Manganese. Range for potassium lies between 196-290
mg/kg and sodium ranges between 212-302 mg/kg. Land parcels can be classified
according to its possible use for irrigation based on soils. As the soils present in study area
predominantly is sandy loam, land can be classified as class 1 i.e., the highest level of
irrigation suitability and thus the highest payment capacity.
3.9 Biological Environment

Natural ecosystem is a complete community of living organisms and non-living
constituents in a given area and their interactions. An ecosystem has self-sustaining ability
and controls the number of organisms at any level by cybernetic rules. The basic purpose
to explore the biological environment under Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to
assess the potential ecological impacts of the proposed project upon ecology and
develop adequate mitigation measures to keep ecological impacts within acceptable
limits. An ecological survey of the study area was conducted, particularly with reference
to listing of species and assessment of the existing baseline ecological conditions in the
study area. The main objective of the ecological survey is aimed at assessing the existing
flora and fauna components in the study area. Data has been collected through
extensive survey of the area with reference to flora and fauna. With the change in
environmental conditions, the vegetation cover as well as animals reflects several
changes in its structure, density and composition. The present study was carried out
separately for floral and faunal community of core and buffer zone respectively.
Need to Study
The present study was undertaken with the following objectives:
 To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around the project site (within
10 km. radii)
 To assess the animal life spectra (within 10 km radii)
To achieve the above objectives a study area was undertaken. The different methods
adopted were as follows:
 Compilation of secondary data with respect to the study area from published literature
and various government agencies;
 Generation of primary data by undertaking systematic ecological studies in the area.
Selection of Sampling Location for the study of Flora and Fauna:
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Core Zone: Core zone is the area where project is to be constructed. All the flora and
fauna of core zone has been recorded during the survey.
Buffer Zone: The zone falling with in 10Km radius around the project area. For sampling
purpose, buffer zone is further divided in 2 Km and 5 Km. Patches of flora is studied in 2
locations within 2 km, 6 locations within 5 Km. Location of flora is given below. Fauna is
recorded randomly.
Table 30. Location for biological environment
Cropping Pattern: The main crops grown in Delhi are Wheat, Paddy, Jawar and Bajra but
in terms of productivity, wheat is the predominant crop in Delhi followed by Paddy, Jawar
and Bajra. Beside these crops fruits and vegetables are also cultivated.
Methodology for Study of Flora:
During the study, the floral composition of the area was evaluated through primary survey.
The local inhabitants were also consulted to get extra information. Plant Species are
counted and identified within core zone with the help of quadrate method. The size of the
quadrate was based on the area size. For the survey 10 X 10 m plot are selected for
vegetation analysis and for the buffer zone estimated with the help of line transect and
random survey method.
Methodology for study of Fauna:
Different species were observed at different timing during the day
Bird: Birds were watched during dawn.
Nocturnal and Burrowing animals: After Sunset.
Animals: Morning & Evening
Collection of Secondary Data

Secondary data is collected i.e., Compartment History prepared by the Forest Department, Working Plan
of the Area other relevant records such as plantation journals and records of wildlife / forest offence cases.
Description of Core Zone with flora and Fauna Details:
Core Zone: In the Core Zone where construction is to be done is vacant land, and the
area which is already constructed has plantation. Tree and Shrub Species that are planted
are listed below:
57
Table 31. Core zone flora
Buffer Zone Species
Table 32. Buffer zone species
Faunal Community:
Core Zone: In the core zone where construction is to be done is vacant land, and the
area which is already constructed has plantation. During study, it was found that the
faunal diversity in the core site was limited to Butterflies, insects, animals like rats, monkey,
dog, cat etc. and common lizards. The core site has avifauna species like crow, pigeon,
sparrow parrot, etc
58
Table 32. Fauna of Buffer zone
59
4. IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

This chapter discusses various environmental and social impacts that have been
identified, predicted and quantified during the course of this study. These include
positive and negative, direct and indirect, local and regional and also reversible and
irreversible impacts due to project construction and operation. The impact assessment
forms the basis for development of Environmental Management Plan.
4.1 Impact during Construction Phase
The activities that take place during construction phases of the project are site
clearance, operation of machineries, transportation and unloading of materials,
construction and erection of buildings. During construction phase, the potential
primary and secondary impacts on the environment, their significance and
mitigation are discussed in the following sub-sections. It is likely that the following
parameters will be impacted:
· Land Environment
· Air Quality
· Ambient Noise Quality
· Water Resources and Quality
· Biological Environment
· Soil
· Traffic &Transport
· Solid Waste
· Livelihood
· Socio-Economic Environment
· Occupational Health and Safety
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61
62
63
Environment Management Plan - Operational Phase
64
65
66
4.1.1 Impact on Land Environment
Some of the anticipated impacts on the land environment due to the project
are:
Land use and Aesthetics:
The site is located in an urban landscape. The development of the project will
lead to a positive change in aesthetics and visual appeal of the region.
Change in Topography:
The site comprises of flat land with gentle slope towards East. The construction
activities such as excavation works for foundations of various project-
components, development of drains and erection of the associated structures
and buildings will slightly change the topography of the area. However, as the
land is relatively flat, hence no major change is envisaged.
Mitigation Measures:
 Cutting and filling operations will be limited, only as and when necessary.
 During excavation works, the topsoil will be preserved in stockpiles. At such

locations, the depth of borrow pits shall not exceed 45 cm and it may be dug
out to a depth of not more than 30 cm after stripping the 15 cm top soil aside
 The movement and parking of heavy machinery and other vehicles will be
restricted to identified routes; thereby limiting the possibility of compaction.
 The project will ensure that the existing elements of the natural environment
(ponds, trees etc.) are integrated in the urban design. Natural features will be
maintained, preserved and further developed.
 An attempt should be made to preserve, establish and promote a vegetative

cover, appropriate to the site prior to the onset of intense rain or windstorms.
 Good housekeeping at labour resting areas and the construction area will
ensure the aesthetics of the area.
 All debris and excavation material will be stored securely and removed within
a stipulated period.
 Proper routing and adequate capacity of the storm water run-offs

drains/garland drains with catch pits will be provided at the construction areas
to collect the construction waste water/runoff.
4.1.2 Impact on Ambient Air Quality

During the construction phase, the major pollutant of concern will be particulate
matter (PM10 and PM 2.5).
67
The dust emissions will vary substantially from day to day based on the level of
activity, the specific operations and the prevalent meteorological conditions. The
construction activities will involve:
• PM emissions from excavation activities; NOx, SO2 and CO emissions due to
operation of construction equipment’s, machinery and vehicular movement.
• PM, NOx, SO2 and CO emissions from operation of Diesel generator set.
The excavation activities for the Project shall be carried out in phases
Mitigation Measures
Dust Control Measures

 The humus rich top soil shall be removed and stored in an appropriate manner
prior to excavation so that the original soil-profile can be restored while relocating
it.
 Wet suppression shall be applied to at least 80 percent of disturbed surface areas
on a daily basis especially during dry and windy days.
 Downwash of trucks (especially tyres) shall be done prior to departure from site to
reduce the mud and dirt carryout.
 The vehicle speeds on unpaved roads shall be restricted 25 kmph.
 Limited vehicular movement shall be permitted on disturbed soils.
 Contractors shall be required to maintain valid PUC – Pollution under Control
certificates and to maintain proper maintenance records for their fleet.
 During material handling, the materials should be dropped from a low height in
order to reduce any fugitive dust emissions.
 Haul trucks should be covered with suitable covering material like tarpaulin sheets
to prevent fugitive emissions during transportation of construction materials. Fuel
Emissions Control
 DG sets will be used as a backup source only;
 DG sets will be regularly maintained to comply with emission norms;
 The stack height for DG sets shall be provided as per the CPCB norms;
4.1.3. Impact on Ambient Noise quality

Sources of Noise Pollution during Construction Phase
During the construction phase of the site, the sources of noise pollution are expected
mainly from:
 Construction equipment and machinery engaged for construction activities (such as

excavation, grading, erecting equipment, piling, etc) such as air compressors, backhoe,
concrete mixer, concrete mixer, cranes, dump-truck, pile driver, radial arm saw, DG set
etc. The operation of heavy equipment is likely to temporarily increase the ambient noise
levels of the area.
 An increase of 1 to 3 dB (A) noise levels of is expected in the adjoining area during day
time during peak construction activities. Anticipated Impact
 Noise generated can cause disturbance to the local population and can even lead to
sleep disorder.
68
 Workers working close to high noise area can be exposed to occupational hazards of
noise depending on the duration of exposure. Mitigation Measures The project will ensure
that the EPC contractors should implement the following:
 The construction areas shall be provided with sheet barriers or temporary walls along the
boundary close to any habitations;
 Rubber padding shall be provided in the construction machinery for vibration control;
No noise generating activity shall be permitted from 22:00P.M-6:00 AM.
 The EPC contractors will adopt measures such as regular maintenance of its vehicles and
repair of its equipment/ machinery.
 Construction workers working near high noise generation shall be provided with ear
plugs/ ear muffs to limit exposure to occupational hazards.
4.2.4. Impact on Water Resource and Quality
The potential impact on water resources and quality from the construction phase of the
project arises from the following:
 Water usage
The water requirement for the construction phase will include water for construction
activities such as dust suppression, curing and formation of concrete mixtures and water
for domestic consumption. The water required for both domestic purpose and
construction activities will be sourced from DJB through water tankers while drinking water
for the labourers will be supplied through packaged drinking water cans.
 Sediment run off from construction area
Waste water generated from the site during the construction contains suspended
materials, spillage and washings from the areas that may percolate in the ground or get
mixed with the sewage water. The construction activities will result in disturbance of topsoil
rendering it vulnerable to erosion and runoff. The potential impact on water quality can
be due to the runoffs from the site which can lead to contamination of adjoining land and ground water.
 Unplanned disposal of sewage from construction camps
It is expected that during construction phase there will be generation of sewage from
portable toilets. About 9 m3/day of sewage is expected to be generated due to working
of 200 labours at the construction camp site.
Improper disposal of sewage can also lead to contamination of nearby water sources.
Mitigation Measures
Following mitigation measures are suggested:
Water Consumption
 Awareness on optimal water consumption shall be provided to the labourers.
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 Concrete structures shall be sprayed with water to allow curing and reduce flowing away
of water. After curing, the concrete structures shall be painted with curing chemical to
reduce further dependence of water for curing.
Effluent/Sewage Disposal
 To minimise adverse impacts due to the discharge of untreated sewage outside the
project site, adequate number of portable toilets, soak pits shall be provided onsite for
disposal of sewage as per the design aspects of Bureau of Indian Standards;
 The workers shall be strictly instructed and informed to avoid random disposal of
wastewater.
Construction Wastewater Management
 Avoid excavation during monsoon season;
 To prevent the runoff from stockpiles generated during excavation, garland drains shall
be constructed;
 Segregation and pre-treatment of oil and grease containing effluents from machinery
(e.g. use of a grease trap) shall be undertaken prior to discharge into sewer systems;
 Silt fencing shall be provided to protect the water quality in the nearby water bodies
from sediments.
4.1.5. Impact on Ecology
The site area is a flat land with limited vegetation around the site.
The survey-area (extending up to 10 km from the boundary of the project site) consists of
highly degraded tropical thorn forests, with much of the land converted into farmland,
pasture and most of the rest occupied by habitations. Some of the anticipated impacts
on the ecological environment due to the project during construction phase are:
 Species identified in the survey area will be temporarily affected and may be migrated
to nearby areas. However, the degree of impact will be low as the disturbance is going to
confine to the construction period only.
 The project construction activities will necessarily comprise of removal of vegetation.

Clearing of vegetation on the site will involve removal of local floral species found on the
site.
 Air, noise and visual disturbance generated during the site development can affect the
behaviour of fauna (especially bird, butterflies and other insects, reptiles and very small
mammalian species) within and also the nearest adjacent habitats.
Mitigation Measures
The following mitigation measures need to be put in place address the potential impacts
on ecology due to construction activities:
 The plantation should undertake to mitigate natural vegetation loss and all new
plantation undertaken in the project area will involve only native species. Every care will
be taken to prevent the introduction of any alien species into the project area.
70
 The construction contractors shall be instructed to avoid removal of any natural

vegetation to the maximum extent possible;
 No hunting activity shall be permitted within and around the project area and strict
guidelines will be given to contractors to ensure that such activities are not practiced;
 In case of any wildlife being spotted within the project site, trained personnel from the
Forest Department and Wildlife Warden’s office and approved experts shall be intimated
for rescue of the wildlife;
 The project activities shall ensure measures as suggested for ambient air quality and
traffic and transport of material so as to minimize impacts on the ecology of the site and
its surroundings;
 Levels of noise shall be maintained at a minimum during construction activities.
 Cutting or lopping of trees shall be avoided. Mature trees and standing dead trees
should not be cut to the extent possible.
 The construction contractors will be instructed to provide fuel for any heating
requirements at site and not to use firewood from adjoining areas.
4.1.6. Impact on Soil Quality
 Installation of heavy construction machinery causing soil compaction:
Movement of heavy vehicles and machinery on unpaved surface can result in

compaction of soil which can increase the run off potential thereby decreasing the
possibility for recharge. The compaction of soils in the areas meant for temporary uses can
render the area less fertile.
 Soil Contamination:
Potential contamination of soil may occur due to accidental spills of lubricating oil, fuel
oil, paint, thinner during their handling and storage
 Soil Erosion:
Erosion of the top soil may result from exposure of loose soil surfaces to rain and wind during
site clearing, earth moving, and excavation activities. The loss of top soil may result in lack
of good soil for landscaping and greenbelt development in the later stages
 Waste Management:
The construction phase will involve generation of construction waste/ debris, waste oil and
chemicals from construction machinery and domestic solid waste from campsite etc.
There is potential for spread of construction waste to areas outside the construction site
and contaminate wells, soil etc. if adequate management measures are not put in place.
Mitigation
Soil Management
 Topsoil (upper 30 cm) shall be removed prior to commencement of bulk earthwork and
reused later for landscaping purpose. This is done to ensure that the good quality top soil
is not lost;
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 Minimum clearance of vegetation shall be carried out and the vegetative cover shall
be redeveloped wherever possible;
 The excavated soil material shall be stacked in earmarked areas only;
 Excavated soil shall be used/transported at the earliest for filling low lying areas at the
site;
Soil Erosion Control Measures
 Major activities pertaining to site grading and excavation for foundation and backfilling
shall be avoided during monsoons and shall be planned for dry season.
 Retention wall or bund shall be provided around the storage areas for excavated soil
and other construction material to check the flow of sediments with storm water in case
of rain;
 Completed earthworks shall be re-vegetated as soon as possible
Soil Compaction
 Movement of heavy machinery in the site area shall be restricted to minimize the
possibility of compaction;
Prevention of Contamination by Waste Management
Construction Waste
 Excavated materials shall be used for backfilling material in other locations

simultaneously;
 Construction wastes from site such as metal cuttings debris, plastic packing material,
wooden logs etc will be segregated and kept in specially identified waste bins.
 The recyclable items like metal and plastic shall be stored separately and sent to
recyclable industry
 Potentially hazardous waste shall be segregated from non-hazardous construction site

debris.
 The contractor shall educate the workers and subcontractors about hazardous waste
storage and disposal procedures;
Chemical Waste
 Storage facilities shall be designed within paved surface and provided with covered
shed to prevent contamination of soil due to accidental spills of lubricating oil, fuel oil,
paints, thinner, varnishes, chemicals etc.;
 Adequate hazardous waste collection and storage facilities shall be provided in a

designated place away from storm drains or watercourses with proper access control and
proper labelling. Any hazardous waste including empty containers, which may contain
some toxic substances such as paints, solvents, adhesives and sealants shall not be stored
72
for more than 90 days at the site and shall be sold to authorized vendors. The record for
waste generated and sold shall be maintained by the contractors.
4.1.7. Impact on Traffic and Transport
The construction phase will entail transportation of construction materials and movement
of labour. It is expected that, main fort road will be mainly used for this purpose, which has
connected to site from western side. The other important roads that will be used for
transportation are: The potential impact due increase in traffic and transportation during
construction phase would be:
 Increased potential for traffic hazards on the adjacent roads of the area, due to the
construction activities.  The condition of roads may deteriorate during the construction
phase due to frequent movement of heavy vehicles and equipment.
 Disruption of traffic is anticipated on connecting roads due to unplanned entry to the

site, parking of trucks, breakdowns, etc. Mitigation Measures The movement of traffic
entering the site shall be properly managed so as to cause minimum problems to local
users on this road;
 The EPC contractors will undertake consultation with local Police prior to movement of
the construction traffic particularly for the movement of heavy machinery;
 The construction vehicles shall be allowed to move in the site only through exclusive entry
and exit points;  Adequate training shall be given to the drivers of construction vehicles
for speed restrictions; and Roads damaged due to project vehicle shall be repaired and
maintained at regular intervals during the construction period.
4.2.8. Impact on Socio-Economic Environment
The impacts enlisted below are limited to construction phase only and can be mitigation
by implementing proper measures, as mentioned in the later section.
 The construction activities and big machineries which will be operated in the
construction phase are bound to generate a higher decibel of noise which might disturb
the local adjoining residential area for a very short duration. In addition, during the
operation phase, the vehicular movement of buses and cars will also tend to create higher
noise exposure in the surrounding areas.
 With the commencement of construction activities, accumulation of water in the dugout

areas of the site might result in being breeding place for mosquito breeding and spread
of vector borne diseases.
 Once the construction activities commence, problem of traffic congestion in the area
might arise because of movement of heavy vehicles, to and from the site. Mitigation
Measures The following mitigation measures can be implemented to counter the
probable impacts that might emerge:
 Locals from nearby areas will be engaged in all construction activities and during the
operation phases, as per their skill set, to supplement their income.
 Once the construction activities commence, care should be taken that drivers will valid
licenses should only operate vehicles hauling the big machineries. A speed limit should be
73
determined and followed for all vehicles passing that particular route.  The operations of
big machines will be restricted to day time only No noise generating activity will be
permitted from 22:00P.M-6:00AM;
 To minimize adverse impacts due to the discharge of untreated sewage outside the
project site, adequate number of portable toilets, soak pits shall be provided onsite for
disposal of sewage.
 The project will ensure that the existing elements of the natural environment (ponds, trees
etc.) are integrated in the urban design. Natural features will be maintained, preserved
and further developed. Preference of giving the locals from the area an opportunity of
being hired in various jobs that might emerge during the course of the project activities
should be made available.
Further Suggestions
Along with the probable positive impacts that the project might bring to the local
population, there are some possible areas of work which might be beneficial as well. These
have been highlighted below:
 During the construction and operation phases, a myriad of occupational and livelihood
opportunities will open-up for un-skilled, semi-skilled and skilled labour force. Occupation
and livelihood opportunities, such as receptionist, clerks, support staff; pantry cooks, auto
repairing, mobile repairing, computer, electrician, plumbing, security guard and maid,
rickshaw pullers and tow cart pullers, etc are likely to come-up.
 In order to involve participation of locals, they could be considered and given

preference in some of the skilled and semi-skilled jobs, depending on their education and
skills.
4.2.9. Impact on Occupational Health & Safety
The workers engaged in construction activities will be exposed to occupational health

and safety hazards and risks. Falls from elevation associated with working with ladders,
scaffolding, and partially built or demolished structures are among the most common
cause of fatal injury at construction sites.
Construction activities may also pose significant hazards related to the potential fall of
materials or tools, as well as ejection of solid particles from abrasive or other types of power
tools which can result in injury to the head, eyes, and extremities. The workers will also be
exposed to temporary hazards such as physical contact, spills, dust, emissions, and noise
due to vehicular movement and use of lifting equipment in the movement of machinery.
The key health and safety concerns associated with construction activities are:
 Injury due improper handling, operation and execution
 Occupational hazards like high noise, electric shocks etc.
 Trip and fall, inadequate fall safe arrangements
 Diseases from unhygienic surrounding
 Exposure to hazardous substances etc.
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Mitigation Measures
The contractor will ensure that:
 The construction staff and contractors involved in the construction activities shall be
trained on the necessary precaution and safety practices prior to commencement of
construction activity
 The necessary safety measures shall be taken up before and during the construction
activities for all electrical driven machinery
 A work permit system shall be implemented for all works related to working at heights
(typically when working over 2m and above) and for hot jobs are;
 All works related to working at heights shall be undertaken only during the daytime when
sufficient sunlight is available;
 Workers shall be provided with required PPEs to be used at site;
 All excavation activities shall be conducted in supervision of the site contractor;
 Proper signage shall be provided in places of excavated areas;
 Storage of explosives and blasting activities (if required) shall be undertaken as per the
requirements of PESO and established good practices.
 The switchyard building and transformer areas shall be provided with adequate fire
extinguishers and sand buckets at all strategic locations to deal with any incident of fire;
4.2. Impact during Operational Phase

During operation phase, the potential primary and secondary impacts on the
environment, their significance and mitigation are discussed in the following sub-sections.
It is likely that the following parameters will be impacted:
 Land Environment
 Air Quality
 Ambient Noise Quality
 Water Resources and Quality
 Ecology
 Solid Waste Management
 Traffic &Transport
 Socio-Economic Environment
4.3.1 Impact on Land Environment
Some of the anticipated impacts on the land environment due to the project are:
75
 Change in Runoff and Drainage pattern:
With the development of the project, pervious vegetative area will be replaced by
impervious and paved surfaces leading to lesser infiltration and thereby increased runoff.
This can lead to more localized flooding.
 Potential Loss of Green spaces:
Concreting of the huge land area would reduce the natural greenery of the area.
However, the large landscaping planned and suggested in the Master plan for the
project, would compensate for this loss.
Mitigation Measures
 Bioswales shall be developed on the green areas in order to reduce surface runoff and
enhance infiltration and groundwater recharge. Bioswales are conveyance systems
carrying storm water runoff that provide an alternative to storm sewers. They improve the
water quality by infiltrating the first flush of storm water runoff and filtering the large storm
flows;
 They consist of a shallow channel with gently sloped sides and filled with deep-rooted
native plants. Bioswales utilize existing natural drainage for maintaining the flow of water
they convey. Once established, they require less maintenance than turf grass because
they need less water and no fertilizer
4.3.2 Impact on Air Environment
 A site–specific baseline air quality monitoring program was conducted for the existing
project site and the results are briefed in above section.
Existing baseline condition reveals that concentration of CO, NOx, SO2 are below the
prescribed limits by NAAQS. However, concentrations of PM 10 and PM 2.5 exceed the
limits by NAAQS of 100μg/m3 and 60μg/m3 respectively. High levels of concentration as
evaluated from baseline monitoring are due to prevailing smog in the city which has been
formed by construction activities.
 The major impacts on ambient air could be vehicular emissions from increase in traffic
volume and emission from power backup/ DG sets.
 It is proposed that power will be mainly supplied from the BSES; however, scenarios of
power failures are expected during operation phase of the project. Diesel generator sets
have been proposed to provide the power back up for the proposed facility.
 All the above activities will generate emissions and may affect the local air quality.
Mitigation Measures
Power backup Supplies
 The DG sets shall be provided for power back up in case of any power failure. Following
precautionary measures shall be taken care of:
 DG sets shall be located downwind of the residential areas;
 Stack heights for DG sets shall be maintained as per CPCB/ MoEFCC norms;
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Vehicular Emissions
 Vegetative barriers in the form of green belt shall be provided around the IECC complex
which will minimize the built up of pollution level by acting as pollution sinks.
 Only CNG using public vehicles shall be allowed to ply on the site
4.2.3 Impact on Noise Environment
Noise level survey was carried out with respect to the proposed project in order to assess
the background levels. The noise levels at eight locations within the radius of 10km of the
project area conform to the standards prescribed by CPCB for commercial/residential
zones. The proposed development will involve activities that will generate noise.
The major activities which can emit noise are as follows:
 Increase in traffic along the road due to the Facility will increase the noise level at
intersections and highways.
 Noise will also be generated due to the regular loading and unloading of goods.
 Noise generated from the Aircraft can also be a cause for physical and mental fatigues
to the people residing /using the ECC facilities.
Mitigation Measures
 Sound attenuators / acoustic lining shall be installed in the exhibition halls and
convention centres
 DG sets shall be provided with acoustic enclosures;
 EHS in charge shall ensure that the noise level from DG sets does not exceed 75 dB(A) at
1 m distance, during day time and 70 dB(A) during night time through periodic monitoring
and maintenance
 Trees with heavy foliage shall be planted as vegetative barriers to minimise the noise
pollution
4.2.4 Impact on Water Environment
The project will use water from the allocated Underground reservoirs of Delhi Jal Board to
meet the requirement for commercial development as per Delhi Master Plan 2021.No
ground water usage will be made for any of the activities. The recycled water will be used
for the non-potable water requirements of the region such as flushing and HVAC
requirements. The use of treated wastewater to meet the water requirements for the
project shall reduce the stress on the water resources in the region. The entire treated
wastewater shall be reused and there will be no discharge of untreated sewage on land
or in any surface water body. With the project proposing to implement the rainwater
harvesting for the ground water recharge, conservation through awareness programs to
bring about greater water efficiency, and reuse of treated wastewater on the proposed
site during operation of the project for use in horticulture and other auxiliary purpose, the
impact on water resources would be minimized.
Mitigation Measures
77
Water Conservation
The following measures are recommended to reduce the water usage:
 Water meters conforming to ISO standards shall be installed at the inlet point of water
uptake and the discharge point to monitor the daily water consumption and identify
leakages if any. In charge shall be responsible for carrying out systematic leak tests all year
round;
 Appropriate flow restrictors shall be installed for economizing on water consumption. The
flow restrictors shall be typically sized for following discharge:
* LPF= lites/flush, LPM-Litres/min
Source: EIA manual for large construction projects, MoEFCC
 Efficient Water saving devices/ fixtures shall be installed in kitchens and toilets to reduce
the water consumption per flush. Dual flush systems can be installed to allow different
quantities of water for flushing of solids and liquids.
 Dual plumbing shall be made installed to segregate the fresh water use with supply of
recycled water for non-potable water requirements such as flushing, horticulture, etc.
 The location of harvesting structures should be such that it is not exposed to any hazard
of water contamination from any other sources.
Wastewater Management
Water Conservation In charge shall periodically monitor the quality of rainwater to be used
for landscaping.
The water used for landscaping should conform to the BIS irrigation standards
Before the onset of rainy season, the rain water storage tank should be flushed off all the
sediments and debris.
 The water used for cooling and air-conditioning purpose (recycled water) shall be tested
for hardness. It is recommended that water with hardness less than 50ppm shall be used
for air conditioning applications. The STP In charge should analyse the quality of treated
78
water before using it for cooling purpose in order to prevent any scale formation or
corrosion.
 The water supply and wastewater lines shall be colour coded to differentiate;
4.2.5 Impact due to Management of Solid Waste
The potential impacts associated with disposal of solid waste include the following:
 Inadequate collection and treatment of municipal solid waste can lead to unhygienic
conditions leading to spread of diseases and other vectors
 Improper transportation of municipal solid waste may lead to generation of odour;
 The accumulation of waste along streets can clog drains and cause localized flooding;
Mitigation Measures
 An integrated solid waste management will be put in place for collection, transport,
treatment and disposal of solid waste generated from the activities;
 An onsite compost plant has been planned for processing of kitchen and garden waste
the e-waste generated shall be sold to authorised recyclers in accordance with e-waste
Management Handling Rules, 2016.
 The recyclable waste like glass, metal, plastics, paper etc shall be collected separately
and sold to authorized recyclers/ vendors.
4.2.6 Impact on Traffic & Transport Environment
A well-planned transport infrastructure with adequate public transport infrastructure

already exists near the area, the details for the same have been provided in chapter two
of the report.
The potential impacts on traffic and transport for proposed project include the following:
 Increase in traffic volume due to proposed developments and likelihood of congestion

on the existing and proposed road network;
 Random parking of vehicles and unplanned loading/ unloading areas can lead to
confusion.
Mitigation Measures
Traffic Management Plan:
This includes various transport improvement strategies, in order to reduce the traffic
congestion due to goods and passenger movement on the roads connecting to the
project site. In order to accommodate the increased traffic, following measures have
been suggested:
 A highway patrol shall be established to manage the traffic within the region
 Hierarchy in roads should be adopted to segregate the traffic according to the size,
frequency and density of traffic.
79
 Comprehensive traffic and travel surveys shall be conducted every 5 years to monitor
traffic characteristics and travel behaviour to develop strategies for effective
transportation.
Planning of pedestrian facilities:
Pedestrian facilities shall be planned for movement of pedestrians on all major corridors
and junctions in the study area. The pedestrian facilities which shall be provided for the
safe movement of pedestrians are  Footpaths along the road
 Zebra markings
 Grade-separated pedestrian facilities viz. subways and pedestrian overbridge for across
movement of pedestrian.
 Pedestrian Guard Rails, Road safety Signage and overhead signs shall be placed on a
structurally sound gantry or cantilever structure made of circular pipes or steel sections
Parking demand management:
The parking facilities shall be developed as per the guidelines and provisions of DMP 2021.
4.2.7 Impact on Social Economy and Livelihood
Once the Bharath Bhawan becomes operational, certain impacts might emerge which
will affect the local population positively. The anticipated impacts have been given
below:
 With the onset of new project activities, employment opportunities might increase
among the local population. The unskilled local population of the adjoining areas will find
job opportunities as drivers, security guards, cleaners, housekeeping etc. which will
improve their economic condition.
 With the execution of the project, there will be more transport facilities plying to the area
thus, benefitting the population living in the area in the long run with the proposed
activities, the sewage facilities in the area might be given importance which will be
alternatively be beneficial for the residential premises and villages within the vicinity.
 Semi-skilled people proficient in handling small motor parts and light machineries among
the local adjoining population might be recruited for certain activities. This will not only
open the gateway for further skill development programmes which can be initiated in the
area but it will also give a confidence boosting among the population on the benefits of
the project. More women population will also find employment in various work positions
such as receptionist, clerks, support staff; pantry cooks etc during the operation phase of
the project;
 With the focus of development in the area, there is a probability that vocational centres
catering to auto repairing, mobile repairing, computer training centres, spoken English
language centres and training institutes providing services like electrician, plumbing,
security guard and maid etc. might be established in the area by various private agencies.
This will not only assist in developing the skill of the people but will also aid in creating jobs
in the small skilled trade sector.
80
 Development of infrastructure will also take place with the coming of the project in the
area. The project will involve activities like road upgrading and better power supply in the
area. This will enhance the existing structure and also encourage further development in
the surroundings.
The expected improvement of the following public amenities in the area due to project
development.
 More banks and cash dispenser machines;
 Proper garbage disposal system; Villages in the vicinity being benefitted with a more
regular electricity supply;
 Establishment of proper connectivity of internet facilities in the area;
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EIA REPORT- ABSTRACT

The purpose of this Environmental Impact

BHARATH BHAWAN, on the nature and extent of environmental

PRAGATI MAIDAN, view to define an Environmental Management

NEW DELHI Nizya Mol

2.0 General ………………………………………………………………………………

2.1 Description of the Project ……………………………………………………….

2.2 Site Selection…………………………………………………………………………

3. Description of the Environment……………………………………………………….

3.1 Land Environment ………………………………………………………………….

3.2 Water Environment …………………………………………………………………

3.3 Air Environment ………………………………………………………………………

3.4 Noise Environment ………………………………………………………………….

3.5 Biological Environment …………………………………………………………….

3.6 Socio-economic Environment …………………………………………………….

3.7 Solid Waste management…………………………………………………………

4. Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures……………………………………………

4.0 General …………………………………………………………………………………

4.1 Land Environment …………………………………………………………………….

4.2 Water Environment ……………………………………………………………………

4.3 Air Environment ……………………………………………………………………….

4.4 Noise Environment …………………………………………………………………….

4.5 Biological Environment…………………………………………………………………

4.6 Socio- economic……………………………………………………………………….

4.7 Solid Waste……………………………………………………………………………….

5. Alternative Technologies ………………………………………………………………...

5.1 Building Materials ………………………………………………………………………

5.2 Energy Conservation………………………………………………………………….

6 Environmental Monitoring Program …………………………………………………….

7.1 Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan (DMP) ………………….

7.2 Natural Resource Conservation………………………………………………….

9. Environmental Management Plan……………………………………………………

10. Summary and Conclusions……………………………………………………………

11. Disclosure of Consultant Engaged………………………………………………….

0.b Seasons in Delhi 10

0.c Climate graph of Delhi 10

2.a Location showing position of the proposed site 20

2.b Site plan with immediate surrounding 21

2.c Master plan of Delhi showing land use map 22

2.d Enlarged plan of the proposed site 22

2.d Enlarged plan of the proposed site 23

2.e Location 5 km radius map 24

0.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND

0.2 NEED OF THE PROJECT

0.4 PROJECT INFLUENCE AREA

0.5 PROJECT PROPONENT

0.6 PROJECT IMPROVEMENTS

0.8.1 Institutional Setting

0.9 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE

Delhi lies in the landlocked Northern Plains of the Indian Subcontinent.

1. Spring- February and March

Fig 0.b Seasons in

Fig 0.c Climate graph of Delhi

The annual precipitation is about 711 mm

Water Hydrology and Drainage

0.9.2 Biological Environment

No animal species are found within the project site.

0.9.3 Social Environment

No major residential settlements can’t be located near to the project site.

No major educational institutions are there nearby to the project site.

Places of Historical Importance / Cultural & Archaeological Heritage

0.10 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS