Drager-PM8050-Manual Service

PM8050/cd/NMR
Airway Monitor
Technical
Documentation
D
$ % 3
1
Copyright by Dräger Medical AG & Co. KGaA, Lübeck, Germany.
May not be reproduced for commercial purposes.
The Instructions for Use must be followed.
This technical documentation does not replace the Instructions for Use.
Warranty and liability conditions of Dräger Medical AG & Co. KGaA terms and conditions of
sale and delivery are not extended by this technical documentation.
Safety rules:
Please observe the suggested safety rules, for example, in Germany, the ordinance regulat-
ing medical equipment, the ordinance regulating pressure containers and the technical
regulations with respect to pressurized gases or accident prevention regulations.
German law prevails in instances where reference is made to laws, ordinances and
standards.
Please observe country-specific regulations and ordinances.

Contents
General
1 Symbols and definitions 10
Functional Description
1 General 11
2 Main components 11
3 Measurement parameters 12
4 Activating the airway monitor 12
5 Rear view of the airway monitor 13
6 Block diagrams 14
6.1 PM8050/8050 MRI block diagram .........................................................................14
6.2 PM 8050CD block diagram ...................................................................................... 15
7 Motherboard PCB 16
Observe DIN 34 Note on Industrial Property Rights. Copyright reserved.
8 CPU PCB 17
8.1 CPU PCB block diagram ............................................................................................ 18
9 Measured Value PCB 20
9.1 Measured Value PCB block diagram ........................................................................21
9.2 Flow measurement ........................................................................................................21
9.3 Automatic flow calibration (Cato, Cicero EM only) ............................................... 22
9.4 O2 measurement .......................................................................................................... 23

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9.5 Fast O2 measurement ................................................................................................. 24
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Contents
9.6 Temperature measurement ......................................................................................... 25
9.7 Pressure measurement ............................................................................................... 25
9.8 The multiplexer .............................................................................................................. 25
9.9 Sample & Hold amplifier ............................................................................................. 25
9.10 The A/D converter ........................................................................................................ 25
9.11 The data bus driver ....................................................................................................... 26
9.12 The Z-80 CPU ............................................................................................................... 26
9.13 Memory ........................................................................................................................... 26
9.14 I/O range: ....................................................................................................................... 26
9.15 The bus interface .......................................................................................................... 27
9.16 The Measured Value PCB power supply ............................................................... 27
10 I/O PCB 28
10.1 I/O PCB block diagram .............................................................................................. 29
10.2 The bus interface .......................................................................................................... 29
10.3 The DC/DC converter ................................................................................................. 30
10.4 System temperature monitoring ................................................................................ 30
10.5 Monitoring +5 V ............................................................................................................ 30
10.6 Buzzer control ................................................................................................................31

11 SpO2PCB 32
12 Front PCB 33
12.1 Front PCB operating principle .................................................................................. 33
12.2 Host interface ................................................................................................................ 33
12.3 The graphics processor .............................................................................................. 34
12.4 The video RAM .............................................................................................................. 34

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12.5 Clock pulse generation ............................................................................................... 34
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Contents
12.6 Key query and LED control ........................................................................................ 34
12.7 The sound generator ................................................................................................... 35
12.8 The rotary knob encoder ............................................................................................. 35
12.9 The address decoder .................................................................................................. 35
12.10 Front PCB block diagram ........................................................................................... 36
13 Monitor Bus PCB 37
14 3-Gas Cicero PCB only for PM8050/MRI, 6-Gas 38
15 Gas Analyzer 39
15.1 Using the gas analyzers in airway monitors: ........................................................... 39
15.2 Retrofit Kits .................................................................................................................... 40
15.3 About gas analyzers ......................................................................................................41
16 Andros Gas Analyzer 45
16.1 The Andros optical measuring system (sensor head) .......................................... 45
16.2 Pump ............................................................................................................................... 46
16.3 Solenoid ......................................................................................................................... 46
16.4 Andros PCBs ................................................................................................................ 46

17 IRIA Gas Analyzer 48
17.1 IRIA optical measuring system (sensor head) ........................................................ 49
17.2 Sample cell .....................................................................................................................51
17.3 Pump ............................................................................................................................... 52
17.4 Solenoids ....................................................................................................................... 53
17.5 IRIA printed circuit boards ......................................................................................... 54
18 Water Traps 55
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Contents
19 Ohmeda Water Trap 56
20 Dräger Water Trap 57
21 O2 sensor adapter 58
22 PM 8050 Power Supply Units 59
22.1 Pulse power supply unit .............................................................................................. 59
22.2 Elba power supply unit ................................................................................................ 59
23 PM 8050 MRI function 60
23.1 Differences between PM 8050 and PM 8050 MRI ...............................................61
24 Basics of magnetic resonance tomography 63
24.1 Safety precautions ........................................................................................................ 63
24.2 Theory of operation ...................................................................................................... 63
24.3 How does an MR examination work? ....................................................................... 64
24.4 Why apply anesthesia during an MR examination? .............................................. 64
24.5 What types of MR scanners are available? ............................................................ 65
Test List
1 General state 68
2 Check the accompanying documents 69
3 Safety test 70
3.1 Equivalent device leakage current ............................................................................ 70
3.2 Equivalent patient leakage current ........................................................................... 70

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4 ON test 71
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Contents
5 Calibrating 72
6 Water trap 73
7 Blockage detection 74
8 Check pressure measurement 75
9 Test O2sensor 76
10 CO2 functional test 77
11 SPO2 functional test (optional) 78
12 Check anesthetic gas measurement 79
13 Check flow measurement 80
14 Check temperature measurement 81
15 Alarm limits 82
16 Termination test 83
17 Self-test 84
18 Device delivery 85
Replacing consumables
1 Replacing the O2 sensor 86

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2 Replacing the cooling air filter 87
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Contents
3 Replacing the sample gas return tube bacterial filter 88
4 Replacing the pressure measuring line/bacterial filter of the pressure measuring

line 89
Schematics and Diagrams
1 CPU PCB 90
2 Measured Value PCB 91
3 I/O PCB 92
4 PM 8050 Front PCB 93
5 PM 8050 MRI 94
5.1 Front ................................................................................................................................ 94
5.2 Rear View Closed ......................................................................................................... 94
5.3 Rear View Opened ....................................................................................................... 95
6 PM 8050/8050cd 95
6.1 Front ................................................................................................................................ 95

6.2 Rear View ....................................................................................................................... 96

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Contents
Modifications
1 List of changes 97
Indexes
1 Index 98
Appendix
1 Spare parts list 100

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General
This technical documentation was produced in accordance with DIN EN 60601-1.
Carefully read through each step of a procedure to be implemented before you begin the
test. Always use the correct tool and the specified measurement equipment. If you do not
follow the instructions and/or recommendations in this technical documentation, the device
may not function correctly or it may be damaged.
Only use original Dräger parts.
The maintenance measures described in this technical documentation may only be carried
out by trained technicians. These maintenance measures do not replace inspection and
maintenance by Dräger Medical AG & Co. KGaA.
Follow the Instructions for Use.
This technical documentation does not replace the Instructions for Use.
Every operation on the unit requires precise knowledge of and compli-
ance with the accompanying Instructions for Use.
German law prevails with respect to any reference to laws, standards and
ordinances here.
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1 Symbols and definitions
− A mirror dash (—) indicates an enumeration.

− An • indicates a direct instruction
This symbol indicates a warning.
This symbol indicates user tips and useful information.
Definitions in accordance with DIN 31051:
Inspection = Determination of actual state
Maintenance = Measures for protection of the target state
Repair = Measures for reproduction of the target state
Maintenance = Inspection, maintenance, repair

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6494300/325 PM8050 NMR 6.99 General Page 10

1 General
This section of the documentation describes the function of the PM8050/8050CD/ 8050
MRI airway monitors and their components. Operation and use of the airway monitors is
described in the 8050/8050CD SW 2.v and PM 8050 MRI Instructions for Use. The
Instructions for Use is not a component of this service documentation.
2 Main components
The PM8050/PM8050CD or PM8050 MRI airway monitors are modular devices. They are
constructed identically and consist of the following main components
− Printed circuit boards (PCB)
Motherboard PCB
CPU PCB
Measured Value PCB
I/O PCB (Input/Output)
SpO2PCB (Optional)
Front PCB
Monitor Bus PCB

3-Gas Cicero PCB only for PM8050/MRI, 6-Gas only for PM8050cd (Cato)
− Gas Analyzer (Andros or IRIA)
− Water Traps
− O2 sensor adapter for fast O2 measurement
− PM 8050 Power Supply Units
− Front panel, display with entry keys (see Instructions for Use under General)
F6494300T19_Allgmeines.fm 11.06.02
The PM8050 is a standalone airway monitor.
The PM8050CD is integrated in the Cato anesthetic device.
6494300/325 PM8050 MRI 6.99 Functional Description Page 11

The PM8050 MRI is a standalone airway monitor for use in nuclear magnetic resonance
scanning.
The way the device components work with each other is illustrated in the PM 8050CD block
diagram or in the PM8050/8050 MRI block diagram.
3 Measurement parameters
The airway monitors are equipped for the following measurement parameters:
− Inspiratory O2 concentration in the main current
− Fast inspiratory and expiratory O2 concentration through auxiliary current O2
measurement (autocal)
− Ventilation pressure and differentiated sizes (Paw, Peak, Pplat, PEEP)
− Respiratory volumes, minute volumes, expiration flow (can be selected in conjunction
with Divan autocal flow)
− Respiratory rate
− CO2:
− Anesthetic gases (enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, desflurane (suprane) and
sevoflurane)
− N2O:
− Airway temperature (optional)
− SpO2 measurement optional for PM 8050 + PM 8050 cd
4 Activating the airway monitor

The airway monitor is activated with an on/off switch on the back panel of the device.
(See Rear view of the airway monitor). After it is activated, the airway monitor waits in
standby configuration mode and is then ready for use.

5 Rear view of the airway monitor
The diagram illustrates the rear view of the device with the rear panel removed. The
pluggable printed circuit boards (PCB) can be seen when the housing is removed. The
on/off switch (7), the power supply cable (8), the fans (9), the exhaust gas port (10), the
pressure measuring line (13), the equipotential bonding connection (12) and the fast O2
sensor (11) are all accessible.
Gasfortleitung 10
Ein-Ausschalter 7 Lüfter 9
LP CPU 1
LP Meßwert 2
Anschluß
12
Potential- LP SpO2 (optional) 3
ausgleich
LP I/O 4
LP Front 5
Schneller
8 LP Monitorbus oder LP Cicero 6 O2-Sensor
Netzanschluß 11
13 Druckmeßleitung
Fig. 1: Rear view of the airway monitor


6.1
CO 2 Analog
0 - 10 V
Signalflußplan RS 232
Drucker
PM 8050/8050 MRI RS 232
PC
LP - Ebene
6494300/325 PM8050 MRI

A LP I/O
Monitorbus
2,5KV
(Platz 4) 9V Akku
D
LP - Monitorbus f. Netzausfallalarm alt
Gasauslaß 8-fach ACIA
(Platz 6)
Pumpen- (Goldcap)
Block diagrams
kontrolle Pumpe
Debug- Schnittstelle
Daten seriell
Raumluft
Fern Ein
BUS
O2 -side stream
RS 232
RS 232
RS 232
Zentral Silence
Netz on
Netz on
Meßgas: + 5V
A-gas +12V
opt. RS 232 ±15V Netzteil
CO2 MV
Meßsystem +12V
6.99
N2O
(Sensorkopf)
Fig. 2: PM8050/8050 MRI block diagram

O2-side stream
Kontroll-
optional Daten-
Adress-bus LP CPU
LP SpO2 RS 232 (Platz 1)
(Platz 3) BUS BUS
PM8050/8050 MRI block diagram
BUS
Flow LP Front
LP Meßwert BUS (Platz 5)
Temp
(Platz 2)
O2-main stream
O2-side stream
serielle Daten
EL-Display
LP Mutterboard H/L-Signale
Tastatur
Druck-
Modul Analog
Druck H/L-Signale
LEDs
The block diagrams illustrate how the components of the airway monitor work together.
Page 14

6494300/325 PM8050 MRI
Fig. 3: PM8050CD block diagram
6.2
PM 8050CD block diagram
Signalflußplan CO 2 Analog
0 - 10 V Vaporerkennung
PM 8050 cd RS 232
Drucker RS 232 - Divan + I:E
RS 232
LP - Ebene PC
Hilfskontakt zentraler Netzschalter
A LP I/O
2,5KV (Platz 4)
D 9V Akku
LP - Cicero f. Netzausfallalarm alt
Gasauslaß (Platz 6)
8-fach ACIA
Pumpen- (Goldcap)
kontrolle Pumpe
Debug- Schnittstelle
RS 232
RS 232
RS 232
Daten seriell
BUS
Raumluft
Netz on
Netz on
O2 -side stream
Meßgas: + 5V
A-gas +12V
6.99
CO2 opt. RS 232 ±15V Netzteil

MV Meßsystem
N2O +12V
(Sensorkopf)
O2-side stream
Kontroll-
Daten-
Adress-bus LP CPU
LP SpO2 (Platz 1)
RS 232
(Platz 3) BUS BUS
BUS
Flow
LP Meßwert BUS LP Front
Temp (Platz 5)
(Platz 2)
O2-main stream
O2-side stream
serielle Daten
EL-Display
LP Mutterboard H/L-Signale
Tastatur
Druck-
Modul Analog
Druck H/L-Signale
LEDs
Page 15
7 Motherboard PCB
The motherboard creates the connections between the individual printed circuit boards in
the gas analyzer. The O2 adapter sensor, the fans, the gas analyzer and the front frame are
connected with the display, rotary knob and membrane keyboard.
Voltage supplies, address, interrupt and data lines are distributed via the Motherboard PCB.
The motherboard contains only the active components listed below.
− an NTC that monitors the system temperature
− a 9V storage battery for power failure alarm, provided it has not been replaced on the
I/O PCB by a Goldcap capacitor
− the Paw pressure sensor
− a miniature fan
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6494300/325 PM8050/NMR 6.99 Functional Description Page 16

8 CPU PCB
The CPU PCB is the main processor of the airway monitor and carries out central tasks, such
as communication with the Measured Value PCB, Front PCB, CAN PCB and by means of
serial interfaces, communication via I/O PCB and Cicero PCB. It provides the bus for com-
munication with the other printed circuit boards. The bus system is relayed via the Mother-
board PCB. Resetting the 68000 processor affects both of the other processors in the
monitor (Measured Value PCB and Front PCB)
Interrupt/address decoders are different for the PM 8050/cd and

PM8060/standalone.
The CPU PCB contains a 68000 Motorola microprocessor, which can switch between
8 MHz (PM 8050/cd SW < 1.04 only) and 16 MHz. The memory comprises 256 KB battery-
backed (PM 8060, 8060 standalone) RAM, 256 KB unbacked RAM and up to 2 MB EPROM
capacity. The PCB also contains a real-time clock with 2k*8 bits. The CPU PCB can be
equipped with Flash EPROMS. This function, however, is not used at present. (The Self-Test
Results in service mode generally indicate that these options are not in use.)
The CPU PCB also contains a debug interface which can be activated via service mode or
jumper. The TKRAM contains data for time, date, limit values and calibration data for pres-
sure, flow and O2. The battery-backed RAM contains the configurable data, e.g. alarms,
screen structure and suction rate. The battery must be replaced during operation, otherwise
the configurable data is lost (currently only 8060, 8060 standalone).
If the CPU PCB is ready for use, it can check the functioning of the other PCBs.
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6494300/325 PM8050/NMR
Fig. 4: CPU PCB block diagram
8.1
CPU PCB - 68000 (PM8060)
RAM-protect
CPU PCB block diagram

MACH110
driver(s)
CPU RAM RAM MACH110 interr..dec. D0 - D7
D1
SRAM SRAM addr.dec. DTACK
generator
D27 D7, D8 D9, D10 D18 D18
driver(s)
D8 - D15
D2
BUS System
4 x Timer EPROM EPROM Time
driver(s)
Int.contr. ROM/RAM ROM keeper A1 - A7
D3
SIO, MFP flash- flash- RAM
D26 EPROM EPROM D15
6.99
VPP0-VPP1 PWFail A0
INPUT-
Flash EPROM programming voltage A8 - A15
driver(s)
port
D4
int.status
Debug- OD6, OD7 Option D22
interface SD0-6 reset extern
B-resetQ
Auswahl
CPURESETQ A16 - A23
driver(s)
Reset
D5
int/ex CPUHALTQ
D24, D25t
VCCRAM
OUTPUT-
D9,10
port
Protect
RAM
D21
D6, D17
driver(s)
control signals
X25
RAM protect
+5V voltage converter PWOn-Reset 3 V lith. batt. div. signals
Service-LEDs
PWFail-Generator V1 - V5 +5V
N1 Watchdog Debug interface
U1
SD0-6
WD-trigger X 23 X 24 PWFail
WD-disable WD times ext. Reset
3 2 1 3 21
Page 18
The CPU PCB can work with ROM, RAM and, in principle, with Flash EPROMs. In order to
be able to use Flash EPROMs, a special program voltage is required (VPP0,VPP1). It is
generated from the U1 voltage (N1, MAX732).
The bus interface for communication with the other PCBs is implemented via driver modules
(74HC245). The D1 and D2 modules buffer data buses, D3, D4 and D5 address buses and
D6 and D17 buffer control buses. The data direction is switched by A/B (H = A->B).
The U1 module (MAX695) has the following functions:

• a watchdog
• a battery switch for RAMs
• a power failure logic (by means of U1 voltage)
• a reset generator
Jumper definition:
Only the jumpers for converting the clock rate and the debug mode on the CPU PCB are
rerouted.
• The watchdog time can be switched between 100 ms and 1 s via jumper X24
• The watchdog can be disabled for test purposes via jumper X23 (Disable)
• The reset Babylog can be switched compatibly via jumper X25 (Reset)
The D21 module (74HC273) is used to control the 5 service LEDs, the program voltages
VPP0 and VPP1, as well as the D31, which contains a unique, unchangeable serial number.
D22 drives the interrupt signals, power failure and the output of serial numbers. The serial
number is stored in the D31(D2400) module, controlled via V6, and output serially.
The CPU PCB has a 68000 CPU with a clock rate of 8 MHz (or 16 MHz) (jumper X29). A
reducer (D28, 74AC161) reduces the 32 MHz of the oscillator to the desired value. The PAL
modules D18, D19 (MACH110/15) are used as address, interrupt and Dtack decoders. A
quartz with 3.6 MHz is used as a clock pulse generator for the MFP (MultiFunctionalPeriheral
D26, 68HC901). The MFP operates the debug interface (S-IN, S-OUT). A search for errors
can be carried out in the monitor via the debug interface and a PC. The CPU PCB is
equipped with static RAMS, D7-D10, (128kx8). D9 and D10 are protected against data
loss by the RAMPROTECT signal (from U1) and a voltage (VCCRAM). EPROMs or Flash
EPROMs can be installed in positions D11-D14, and static RAMs can also be inserted in
positions D13 and D14.
When exchanging software, please note that the EPROMs on the

Measured Value PCB (and on the CAN PCB) must also be replaced.
F6494300T08_lpcpu.fm 11.06.02

9 Measured Value PCB
The Measured Value PCB is identical in all airway monitors and its function is to take the air-
way pressure, expiratory flow, inspiratory and expiratory oxygen concentration and airway tem-
perature signals and to calculate and monitor important parameters from them (Peak, PEEP,
Plat, Vt, MV, etc.). Data exchange with the CPU PCB takes place via a dual port RAM. No
alarm is generated apart from the apnea alarm from flow measurement.
The Measured Value PCB consists of the measured value processor (Z-80) and the circuit
components for the determination of the flow, temperature, O2 and pressure parameters.
The pressure module is not located on the Measured Value PCB, but on the motherboard.
The Z-80 microprocessor communicates with the CPU PCB via a Dual Port RAM
(DPR, 1k*8 bits) via the motherboard.
The Z-80 calculates the flow, pressure, temperature and O2values, which are supplied to it
by a multiplexer, Sample & Hold level and a downstream A/D converter.
F6494300T12_lpmesswert.fm 11.06.02

9.1
9.2
BUS Decoder+ DTack- B - DTackQ
Gen. D5, D6, D7
Uref
Vref
-15V +15V
N 14 D1
calibration data IO ADC
-5V +5V S&H
Rsel.
Vref-Test
Flow sensor Flow Flow D2 to CPU
flowmeter bridge
6494300/325 PM8050/NMR
Temp A driver(s) PCB
MUX S&H DPR
O2 - 1
D 21 N 13 D D23 D8
BUS
O2 - 2
D3
O2 - 3
+5V Uref flow clean STS
+15V multiplexer control
Druck N5
Flow measurement
MUXA D4
MUXB
MUXC
MUXD
Temp sensor Temp AGND
Temp. hybrid
6.99
Fig. 5: Measured Value PCB block diagram
4
Z 80 EPROM RAM CTC

clock: CPU
O2 - 4 - test
O2-IN 1 N1
V=11.75
6MHz
D9 D 10 D 13 D 14 O2 - 2 - test
Measured Value PCB block diagram
O2 sensor 1 S&H
inspiratory
PIO flow clean
O2-IN 2 N2 divider
V=23.5 :2 D 15
BUS
D 16 WDCLR
O2 -2
STS
Test V12
CS- CS-- IOADC

O2 sensor 2 O2-IN 3 N3 decoder decoder Watchdog
Osz. memory Service-LEDs
V=4,68 I/O D20
(fast O2 12MHz D 18 D19 LED 1
measurement)
LED 2
Offset D 25
WDCLR LED 3
pressure pressure: 0.11V - 2.45V = -20 - 100mbar
LED 4
module
Page 21
A Spirolog sensor is used for flow measurement. It works according to the principle of the
hot-wire anemometer. The sensor forms a measuring bridge with the R94 and R86 resistors.
The OP N7 forms a closed-loop control circuit with the V17 transistor, which keeps the tem-
perature of the hot wire constant (125 °C for a flow = 0). The resistance in the wire changes
if heat from the hot wire is dissipated by a flow. This unbalances the bridge. The control
reacts and increases the current. This compensates for the dissipated heat. The sensor is
manually zeroed with air. This can lead to N2O compensation.
The hot wire of the bridge contains a close tolerance R86 load resistor. The decreasing
voltage on the load resistor caused by the heating current is a non-linear measure for the
flow. With a factor 4 gain, this voltage can be used for sensor calibration (FL-HIGH). With
a factor 2 gain, this voltage (FL-LOW) can be used as a measurement signal for the flow.
The cold wire of the measuring bridge is only used for temperature compensation.
The Spirolog sensor is subject to manufacturer and aging tolerances and must therefore be
calibrated. This is done by means of a D/A converter (signal FL-INOP), which is controlled
via the processor. The D/A converter supplies a voltage to the R94 resistor, which is propor-
tional to the measured voltage. The effect of this resistor is that the combined resistance in
the cold wire is variable.
Contamination of the PCB wires can be removed by annealing. In this process the measuring
bridge in the cold wire is detuned so that a higher current flows. A current limitation ensures
that a defined current flows. The R68-71 resistors ensure that the switchover is secure. The
FL-SENSE signal evaluates the potential between FGND and AGND.
.
V17
R68-71
N6
cold hot
FI-Low
N8
N7
FI-High
N9
cleaning
R94 R86
N10
D/A
N11
Fig. 6: The flow measuring bridge

9.3 Automatic flow calibration (Cato, Cicero EM only)

Until now, flow calibration was performed manually. The flow sensor was dismantled and
kept closed. This corresponded to a flow of zero and the gas in the sensor was ambient air.
For automatic flow calibration, calibration occurs during continual breathing in a window at
the end of the expiration. The gas composition in the sensor is identified by the sidestream
measurement of the Andros or IRIA gas analyzer and is taken into account during calibration
(O2 = 100% - N2O anesthetic gas). This calibration value (flow – minimum – signal) has to
be filtered.
The signal is filtered as follows:

• Averaging the sensor signal over 32 ms suppresses electrical interference.
• Averaging the flow minimum over the last 4 breaths suppresses pneumatic interference.
With automatic flow calibration, for each breath the flow minimum signal is compared with
the scheduled value and the gas composition is determined. If there are deviations, the cali-
bration value is modified so that deviations are 0. If the deviation exceeds ± 15%, the values
are displayed in “gray”.
The ascertained calibration value is stored in the TKRAM. When the airway monitor is
switched on, this calibration value is applied first.
If O2 goes to INOP, then the flow calibration value can no longer be recalibrated. If the
anesthetic gas measurement is not available, the calibration value is taken from the TKRAM
(no recalibration).
Users have the option of carrying out manual calibration, if this is the procedure that they are
used to. For manual calibration, either the sensor must be dismantled, or you must ensure
that there is air in the flow sensor (clean with air). Manual calibration disables automatic
calibration until the next cold start. Automatic calibration is suppressed for a maximum of
24 hours.
9.4 O2 measurement
There are a total of 3 measuring channels for O2 measurement.
Two channels (Ch1, Ch2) are used for conventional measurement with an O2 sensor cap-
sule. Various amplification factors (V=23.5 or V=11.75) enable a short circuit between both
measuring channels to be identified by the multiplexer.
The measuring cell supplies a voltage of between 9.3 mV and 21.6 mV for a 21 vol%, and a
voltage of between 45 mV to 105 mV for a 100 vol%.

A sensor test is performed when the device is switched on. For the purposes of this test
a cell is loaded with a resistance of 1 kohm and the reaction of the second cell is tested
(Teledyne test).
The third channel (Ch3) is for inspiratory and expiratory O2 measurement in the sidestream
by means of the fast O2 sensor (suction using the gas analyzer) and for O2 realtime curve
representation.
9.5 Fast O2 measurement
The O2 sensor signal is converted by an A/D converter. The A/D converter has a 12-bit
resolution and is part of the Z80 processor system on the Measured Value PCB.
Respiratory phase detection is performed with the CO2 signal from the Andros gas analyzer.
Furthermore, the gas analyzer provides the functions of the changeover valve and the pres-
sure sensor. If errors occur in the gas analyzer, or if communication is disrupted, this may
lead to loss of the O2 value or to O2 INOP.
The O2 sensor supplies a voltage with a large offset and a small signal amplitudes. The offset
is removed again by a circuit (N3) on the Measured Value PCB. The dynamic range of the
A/D converter is thus optimally adjusted to the O2 sensor. The O2 sensor can be uncoupled
by an electronic switch and the input of the measuring circuit can be short circuited. In this
way, the offset of the circuit can be measured and the software can compensate for this off-
set. The signal resolution is 12-bit for approx. 150 mV.
The sensor must be calibrated every 24 hours. Since the breathing system has to be opened
for calibration, it is not possible to calibrate during anesthesia. The time available for the cycli-
cal zeroing of the Andros gas analyzer is not sufficient (because of the creepage effects the
T99.9 time of the O2 sensor is approximately 90 seconds).
Approximately 3 minutes after each cold start, there is an automatic 21% calibration of the O2
sensor. It can last for up to 3 minutes. The calibration factor is stored in the TKRAM for warm
starts. Manual calibration is now possible once more through the operating menu.
100% calibration is required for the linearity test. The measured value for oxygen (from 60%
O2 content) is more precise than with a 21% calibration (factor 4 approximately).
The Andros gas analyzer is zeroed at least once an hour. The O2 sensor is tested during this
process. The measured value must be between 18 and 24% O2. If the measured value is out-
side the tolerance, O2 INOP is displayed.

9.6 Temperature measurement
The AWT01 sensor is used to measure the airway temperature, and it is linked on the rear
panel of the airway monitor with the Measured Value PCB. The AWT01 sensor is an NTC
with the following specifications:
• R 30° = 42.85 kohm

• R 41° = 34.38 kohm
• Linearity = 770 ohm/K
Signal processing is via the temperature hybrid, which is also used in the PM 8030. The
output signal of the temperature hybrid is assigned to a multiplexer (1.4333 V for 30 °C,
0.7535 V for 41 °C).
9.7 Pressure measurement
The pressure sensor is not located on the Measured Value PCB, but on the motherboard. It
generates the pressure signal which is applied to a multiplexer on the Measured Value PCB.
The pressure sensor supplies a linear output voltage of 0.110 V to 2.450 V for the pressure
range of –20 mbar to 100 mbar. It is supplied with a voltage of +5 V.
The pressure module should be calibrated twice yearly. This occurs in service mode. Since a
differential pressure sensor is used in the pressure module, possible drifts are compensated
for by measuring ambient air. If the pressure sensor can no longer be calibrated, it must be
replaced.
9.8 The multiplexer
All analog measured signals and supply voltages are switched via a 16 to 1 multiplexer and
assigned to the Z80 CPU. The multiplexer is controlled by the PIO (D15). Its input range is
±5 V. A Sample and Hold (S&H) amplifier is connected downstream.
9.9 Sample & Hold amplifier
Since the measured values for pressure and flow can change so quickly, an S&H amplifier is
connected downstream from the multiplexer (N13). Its task is to buffer the rapidly changing
signals. The “Sample” & “Hold” (S&H) functions are controlled by the Z80 PIO. When boot-
ing or resetting, the module is switched by means of a pull-up resistor set to “Sample”.
9.10 The A/D converter

A 12-bit A/D converter (AD 574 A, N12) is used. This A/D converter works according to the
principle of successive approximation (gradual approach). It processes input signals of ±5 V.
Offset and amplification are calibrated with Rsel (R99 to R102).

9.11 The data bus driver
For a precise AD conversion, it is necessary that during the conversion no data can be fed
back via the data bus outputs of the AD converter. For this reason, these outputs are decou-
pled via a data bus driver (D23) in order to keep the outputs idle during the conversion
period of the AD converter.
9.12 The Z-80 CPU
An 84C00 CPU is used (D9). The CPU is pulsed with 8 MHz. The clock pulse is produced
from a 12 MHz pulse generator. All processor lines are maintained at defined potentials by
pull-up resistors. The CPU can be reset. Resets are carried out by the Master Reset of the
68000 processor or by the Z80 watchdog.
9.13 Memory
The following memory elements are located on the Measured Value PCB:
• an EPROM 64kx8-bit (0000H-BFFFH)
• a CMOS RAM 32kx8-bit (C000H-CFFFH)
• a DPR 1kx8-bit (D000H-D3FFH)
Decoding is carried out by an 8-of-3 line decoder (D18).
9.14 I/O range:
The Z80 PIO is responsible for regulating control signals and I/O signals. It controls the mul-
tiplexer, A/D converter, Sample & Hold module, watchdog and O2 test. The watchdog is a
binary counter with an RC oscillator that is normally deleted via the edge triggered PIO. If it is
not deleted within 140ms, a reset is generated. The watchdog can be deactivated by the X8
jumper.

9.15 The bus interface
Communication between the Z80 and the 68000 CPU takes place via the DPR (dual port
RAM). Driver modules are used for buffering. The driver inputs are equipped with pull-up
resistors. The Select signal for the Measured Value PCB is generated from an 8-of-3 decoder
(D5). The DTACK signal is generated from the BUSY signal of the DPR and a delayed CS
(250ms by shift register D6). This ensures an orderly access to the DPR, in the event where
both processors want to access the same DPR memory location.
9.16 The Measured Value PCB power supply
The Measured Value PCB requires a +5 V (digital) and ±15 V (analog) power supply. The
±UA and ± 5 V analog supply voltages are generated from the ±15 V. The 4 reference poten-
tials, AGND, CGND, SGND and FGND are combined into one neutral point. The connection
with the DGND is established either on the Measured Value PCB (0 ohm resistance) or in
the power supply unit. The supply voltage on the Measured Value PCB is read in via an A/D
converter and thus monitored by the Measured Value PCB.

10 I/O PCB
The I/O PCB is used for communication between the CPU PCB and peripheral devices.
These include, for example, the Andros gas analyzer (new = IRIA gas analyzer), 2 serial inter-
faces (printer, Medibus), the Divan interface (Cicero PCB), as well as a CO2 analog inter-
face. The CO2 analog interface and the external RS-232 interfaces are separated by an
optocoupler from the electronics of the other devices (2.5 kV).
The I/O PCB provides the following functions: buzzer control, storage battery charging, tem-
perature monitoring and +5 V monitoring for power failure alarms (digital). The external inter-
faces and the interface of the anesthetic gas analyzer are created via the MAX 232 driver.
These are sensitive to static charging and can be damaged by it.
In the new version of this PCB, a capacitor with a large capacity (0.22 F) is used to store the
power failure alarm (8600412) instead of the 9 V storage battery. Provided that this new PCB
is used, the 9 V storage battery is not required.
If the speaker on the front of the airway monitor fails, the power failure alarm buzzer gives the
alarm.
F6494300T11_lpio.fm 11.06.02

F6494300T11_lpio.fm 11.06.02
10.1
10.2
parallel serial D
D 15, 16 CO2 analog output
D10,11
12
control signal
serial
driver(s) D 1
2.5 KV parallel A
ser. A printer / CoWriter

MAX
6494300/325 PM8050/NMR
BUS
ser. B 232
PC / monitor
addresses
driver(s) D2
D14
ser. C
Fig. 7: I/O PCB block diagram
The bus interface

ser. D
data
BUS MAX 232 RS232 to Andros gas analyzer
ser. E
D7
driver(s) D3
ser. F
I/O PCB block diagram
parallel
RS 232 to Cicero PCB
6.99
ser. G
8x ACIA 2698
div. CS
SPO2 PCB
ser. H
PAL D 6
CS-decoder
Andros res temp.- NTC on Motherboard PCB
monitoring
div. signals 7805
5Viso
DC
POWOQ
div. signals buzzer test status DC 15Viso
div. signals
PFAIL-Q power ON 1 7815
+5V monitoring POW-ON-Q buzzer control power ON 2
driver(s) D4 und D5
N2 D 18, 19, 20
remote ON
PWF
D8 +VBAT2
+5V +VBAT2
charging circuit (Goldcap)
Page 29
The I/O PCB communicates with the CPU PCB via the bus interface and the motherboard.
The bus signals are carried via bus drivers. The bus drivers are only activated if addresses on
the I/O PCB are addressed. They are activated by a PAL module (D6). The data buses, D0
through D7, are controlled via a bi-directional driver (D3) (direction change via R/WQ signal).
Address buses and control buses (A1-A15, R/WQ, RESETQ, STATUS; LDSQ, CSIOQ,
CL8) are controlled via unidirectional drivers (D1,D2), that are constantly active.
The serial interfaces (RS 232) are implemented via an 8-contact ACIA. 3 interfaces are not
used. The remaining 5 interfaces are as follows:
• optical measuring system (Andros or IRIA gas analyzer)
• interface to the Cicero PCB
• external RS 232 Medibus
• printer interface
• interface to the SpO2 PCB.
A level converter (MAX 232, D7) is available for the gas analyzer (RXD, TXD, RTS, CTS) and
another level converter (D14) is available for both external interfaces (RXD and TXD respec-
tively). Both external interfaces are isolated electrically by an optocoupler (2.5kV). The inter-
face to the Cicero PCB is taken directly to the connector X2.
The analog output is isolated electrically. To do this, the processor data must first be con-
verted from parallel to serial (shift register D10, D11), then forwarded via the optocoupler
and finally converted back to parallel data (D15, D16). A D/A converter outputs the data as
CO2 analog data. The D/A converter is a 12-bit converter with internal reference. It is fine-
tuned by laser so calibration is not necessary. The output voltage range of this D/A converter
is between 0 and 10 volts. The converter output is up to 50 V short-circuit proof and interfer-
ence voltage proof.
10.3 The DC/DC converter
The separately installed DC/DC converter is a push-pull converter with a transformer. Both
transistors (V31, V32) alternately switch the primary coil with the center-tap connection
(connections 1, 2, 3). These transistors are controlled by the coils 4, 5 and 6. On the second-
ary side of the transformer the +15 V Iso and the +5 V Iso are generated with fixed voltage
stabilizers.
10.4 System temperature monitoring
An NTC, which monitors the system temperature, is located on the motherboard. The Schmitt
trigger (D8) responds at a limit temperature of 50 °C. The V3 transistor for NTC testing can
be controlled via the decoder (D5).
F6494300T11_lpio.fm 11.06.02
10.5 Monitoring +5 V

The digital 5 V are monitored by the reference voltage generator V67, the resistor network
and the OP-N2. If +5 V is not reached, the POWON–Q signal changes from high level to
lowlevel.
10.6 Buzzer control
The buzzer control consists of the modules D18, D19 and D20 The modules are supplied
by the VBAT2 voltage. In operation, this voltage is generated from the +5 V. In the case of
a power failure, it is generated by the voltage of the Goldcap capacitor (0.22 F) or the 9 V
storage battery. The ON/OFF switch is monitored (NETZON) In the event of a power failure
(POW-ON-Q), a sound of 30 s duration (or continuous alarm sound via jumper X9) is gener-
ated. Interruption after 30 s is by means of the binary counter D19 and the RC combination
C43, R79. The buzzer and STATUS (watchdog) signals generate a continuous alarm sound
in each case. The power failure buzzer is located on the PCB. The driver modules D4 and the
decoder D5 are used as further I/O modules for the CPU.
F6494300T11_lpio.fm 11.06.02

11 SpO2PCB
This is an optional component used only in the PM 8050/cd. A serial interface, provided by
the I/O PCB, communicates with this PCB. An electrical isolation separates a Nellcor SpO2
module from the PM 8050.
The SpO2 sensors are connected to this PCB without a preamplifier. SpO2 measurement
can be switched on or off in the standby configuration under “Parameters”.
F6494300T07_lp spo2.fm 11.06.02

12 Front PCB
12.1 Front PCB operating principle
The function of the Front PCB is described in the example for the PM 8050. The Front PCB
is responsible for the screen output, the generation of acoustic (by means of a speaker) and
visual alarms, as well as keyboard queries.
The Front PCB has its own graphics processor (GSP TMS 34010) with its own RAM area
that drives the EL display (EL= electroluminescent). The Front PCB represents the user
interface.
The Front PCB controls the display via the GSP 34010 (GSP hereafter) graphics processor
and its peripherals and forms the interfaces to the keys, the speaker and the rotary knob.
Front PCB
DS
ADS Bus
CPU PCB inter-
face
Sync.
GSP ADS
TMS 34010
D
D14 EL
A = Address bus VRAM
display
D = Data bus
S = Control signals
Fig. 8: Operating principle

The central module is the GSP. The GSP relieves the 68000 CPU on the CPU PCB of the
task of screen display. The 68000 CPU initializes the GSP, loads the program code in the
video RAM, supplies the GSP with data and controls the execution of the program. The
correct timing of both processors is ensured via the bus interface.
The video RAM is used both as a program memory and also as a storage device. VRAM data
is converted with a special logic and sent to the EL display in the required format.
12.2 Host interface

F6494300T09_lpfront.fm 11.06.02
The host interface consists of the bi-directional drivers D15, D16, D17 and D34. The direc-
tion is switched via HRD. Control signals are buffered via the D15. The PAL D18 is used to
generate DTACK and Chipselect.

12.3 The graphics processor
The graphics processor (GSP hereafter) has two separate buses; the host bus (buffered) and
the local bus. The GSP can be reset by the 68000 processor (RESET). The GSP can initiate
an interrupt to the 68000 processor (INT-CQ). The 68000 processor can access the local
RAM area of the GSP. This occurs via the host bus. In this way, the 68000 processor can
load the program for the GSP in its RAM memory.
The local bus of the GSP is triple multiplexed. Row addresses, column addresses and data
are transferred one after the other via the local bus. Latches (D12,D13) are available to buffer
the row addresses. The latches are controlled via the LALQ signal.
12.4 The video RAM
The GSP has 4 VRAMs with a 512 x 512 x 4-bit organization and 4 DRAMs. Each video RAM
contains 4 shift registers with a width of 512 bits. A command can be used to transfer a com-
plete row to the VRAM shift register and then to output it bit-by-bit. For each bitwise shift per
VRAM, a total of 16 bits of video data is available. This data is supplied to the pixel shift regis-
ters (8-bit even, 8-bit odd). The VD0 and VD1 data for the display are generated from each
piece of 8-bit data by means of a further shift operation. This means that local memory of
256k x 16 bits is available. This memory is used as a storage device (image) and as a memory
for the program code. Since the local memory contains no further modules, decoding is not
necessary.
4 levels
VRAM VRAM VRAM VRAM

512 X 512 512 X 512 512 X 512 512 X 512
4 bit
shift register a total of 4 VRAMs
512 bit
Fig. 9: The video RAM
12.5 Clock pulse generation
Any further clock pulses required are derived from an integrated 40 Mhz clock pulse genera-
tor. These are the GSP clock pulse CLK (40 Mhz) and the clock pulse for the video logic CLK
(20 Mhz).
F6494300T09_lpfront.fm 11.06.02
12.6 Key query and LED control

The keys are supplied to the graphics processor, where they are evaluated, via the keyboard
port (D21 + D27) and the sound chip (port B) using RC logic gates. The LEDs are controlled
via port A of the sound chip and the driver (V4).
12.7 The sound generator
The sound chip is controlled by the 68000 CPU. The output signal of the sound chip is out-
put to the speaker via a volume control (D26) and an NF amplifier. The volume control is con-
trolled via the analog switches. The analog switches are controlled by the sound chip. The
function of the speaker is monitored by a d.c. voltage (R47, 56, 57). The voltage drop is evalu-
ated on the R48 and is supplied to port B of the sound chip. The 2 MHz clock pulse of the
sound chip is generated by D23.
12.8 The rotary knob encoder
The PAL module (D18) is used as a pulse counter for the rotary knob. The counter status is
controlled by the 68000 CPU.
12.9 The address decoder
The address decoder (D18) generates the select signals for the sound chip, rotary knob
encoder, key port, host interface and the separate read/write signals for the GSP from the
RWQ signals, the A10-A12 addresses, and the Chipselect PCB.
F6494300T09_lpfront.fm 11.06.02

F6494300T09_lpfront.fm 11.06.02
PAL D24 rotary knob
rotary knob encoder
AR 1
16MHz DRAM DRAM DRAM
divider D23 DRAM D12
D30 D31 D32
D33 Adress-
driver(s) D34
addresses
Rechner
GSP Controlbus
Local Bus GSP Adr./Datenbus
6494300/325 PM8050/NMR
Adr. + Contr.
driver(s) D15
VRAM VRAM VRAM VRAM SYN1 to EL display
D8 D9 D11 D14 D28
D10
TMS 34010
data
4bit serial 4bit serial 4bit serial 4bit serial
Fig. 10: Front PCB block diagram

zur LP-CPU
driver(s) D16
D29 to EL display
D19
graphics processor
12.10 Front PCB block diagram
data
sync. (3x)
6.99
40 MHz divider Display-
driver(s)
X2
Interface
driver(s) D17
Oszill. D35
D21
keys 15 -22
driver(s) keys 0 - 7
D27
keys 8 -14
PAL D18
DTACK + CS
Port B
driver(s)
Port B V4 LEDs
VCLR
2149
Port A monitoring
Soundchip
Port A Lautstärke
Loudspeaker
D25 volume control
D26
Page 36
13 Monitor Bus PCB
The Monitor Bus PCB is used in the PM 8050 standalone.
It facilitates minimal communication with other devices.
This communication is restricted to the Central Silence and Jump functions in operating
mode by means of an airway monitor ON/OFF switch in connection with Ventilog.
F6494300T13_lpmonitorbus.fm 11.06.02

14 3-Gas Cicero PCB only for PM8050/MRI, 6-Gas
The Cicero PCB is used in the PM 8060 Monochrome/sa and PM 8050 cd devices. It is
mainly used for communication with the Divan.
The I/O PCB provides a serial interface for this communication. This serial interface is iso-
lated electrically from the Divan on the Cicero PCB. The Divan is responsible for the voltage
supply of the components behind the electrical isolation. This 5 V supply is protected by an
extra fuse on the Divan motherboard.
This PCB also monitors the ON/OFF switch, vaporizer identification (3 gas, 6 gas), as well
as the signals of the Filling Level Detector PCB (8060).
F6494300T06_lp cicero.fm 11.06.02
6494300/325 PM8050/MRI 6.99 Functional Description Page 38

15 Gas Analyzer
The gas analyzers are a basic component of the airway monitors. They are integrated in the
airway monitor. Different gas analyzers are available for different airway monitors:
− Andros Gas Analyzer 4610 in PM 8050, 8050 cd, PM 8060 Monochrome

− Andros Gas Analyzer 4610 with Wisa pump in PM 8050, 8050cd, PM 8060
Monochrome/standalone
− IRIA Gas Analyzer in PM 8050, 8050cd, PM 8060 Monochrome and PM 8060
Monochrome/standalone
− IRIA gas analyzer in PM 8060 Color with fan and old water trap
− IRIA gas analyzer in PM 8060 Color with fan and new water trap
− (IRIA gas analyzer in Julian, with fan, old water trap, and O2 adapter)
− (IRIA gas analyzer in Julian, with fan, new water trap, and O2 adapter)
IRIA gas analyzers cannot be used in the PM 8020. Only the Andros 4610 or 4600 gas
analyzers can be used. This documentation does not elaborate any further on the PM 8020.
The IRIA gas analyzer replaces the Andros gas analyzer in the PM 8050/60 devices.
15.1 Using the gas analyzers in airway monitors:
Order no. Rep./Exch. part

PM 8020 Andros gas analyzer 4610 86 00 489 86 00 744
Andros pump module 86 00 046 -
PM 8050, cd Andros gas analyzer 86 00 490 -
Andros-Wisa gas analyzer 68 70 200 -
IRIAgas analyzer 68 70 190 68 70 228

PM 8060, Andros gas analyzer 86 00 490 -
Monochrome
IRIA gas analyzer 68 70 190 68 70 228
PM 8060 Color IRIA gas analyzer, old water trap 86 00 340 68 70 334
IRIA gas analyzer, new water trap 68 70 595 68 70 596
Julian IRIA gas analyzer, old water trap 68 70 450 68 70 451
IRIA gas analyzer, new water trap 68 70 590 68 70 591
F6494300T01_agasallg.fm 11.06.02
6494300/325 PM8050/NMR 02/2000 Functional Description Page 39

15.2 Retrofit Kits
The following retrofit kits are available:

− Andros-IRIA retrofit kit (8601625) to replace a defective Andros analyzer with an Iria in
PM 8050/PM 8060 Monochrome.
− Andros Wisa retrofit kit (6870490) to replace a defective Andros pump in
PM 8050/PM 8060 Monochrome.
− PM 8020 gas measurement module retrofit kit (8600895) to replace a defective
Andros 4600 with an Andros 4610 in PM 8020.
F6494300T01_agasallg.fm 11.06.02

15.3 About gas analyzers
Gas analyzers (Andros 4610 or IRIA) determine the concentration of the anesthetic gases
halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, N2O, CO2, as well as the new anesthetic gases, sevoflurane
and desflurane (supran).
A gas analyzer is a completely replaceable unit in the airway monitor. It is mounted, ready for
use, on a module plate.
1 from
patient
optical
solenoid
measuring RS 232
system electronic I/O PCB
2 ambient air
3 4 5 6
12 V
8 pump 7 power
supply
exhaust 9
gas port
Fig. 11: Gas analyzer block diagram
The gas analyzer is connected pneumatically with the water trap, the O2 sensor and
the exhaust gas port, connected electrically with the power supply unit voltage supply
(12 V d.c. voltage), and with the I/O PCB (Motherboard PCB) via an RS232 interface.
The gas analyzer components, such as solenoids (3), the optical measuring system (4),
electronics (5) and pumps (8) are described in the chapters Andros Gas Analyzer and IRIA
Gas Analyzer.
F6494300T01_agasallg.fm 11.06.02

15.3.1 The pneumatic system
8 ambient air
200 ml 9 pressure measurement
180 ml 4 fast
O2 measurement
2
2 solenoid 3 sample cell
1
20 ml
1 water trap internal 5

pump hose
6 system
control
7 exhaust
gas port
Fig. 12: The gas analyzer pneumatic system
The pumps normally suction sample gas via the water trap (1). For a better CO2 representa-
tion, a suction rate of 200 ml/min should be selected, if possible.
The flow is distributed to the water trap via two paths. The largest quantity (180 ml/min) is
transported via the solenoids (2) to the sample cell (3) and is analyzed in the optical measur-
ing system there. A smaller quantity, the bypass flow (20 ml/min) is used to transport any
water drops that occur to the containers provided for this purpose.
The O2 adapter is in the line to the sample cell, where the sample gas is analyzed for O2
quantity. Both flows join together again before the pumps and the pumps suction, for exam-
ple, 200 ml/min. The pump flow is controlled. This takes place with a restrictor (untied tube
(5) or fixed restrictor), that supplies a differential pressure signal in accordance with the flow,
which is evaluated by a pressure sensor and used for control. Following control, the sample
gas is fed into the exhaust gas port (7).
F6494300T01_agasallg.fm 11.06.02

15.3.2 Pneumatic system resistance ratios
The following are the resistance ratios that arise within the pneumatic system and that are
determined by the various tubes and tube lengths.
sample gas tube
P 50mb white
80mb yellow
~10mb 25 - 70mb
internal tubing water separator
Fig. 13: Pneumatic system resistance ratios
15.3.3 Zeroing
The optical measuring system is zeroed to compensate for drifts. To do this, switch the sole-
noid to ambient air and the pump intakes CO2 and anesthetic gas-free ambient air. In this
way, for example, contamination can be detected and it can be compensated for.
Andros gas analyzers zero in fixed intervals (7 min, 15 min, 60 min) with a flow rate of
350 ml/min. The IRIA gas analyzer does not zero in fixed intervals (the first time after
approx. 4 min), but as required, with a suction rate of 200 ml/min.
15.3.4 The optical measuring system
The optical measuring system consists of the components depicted in the illustration. The
measuring principle of the optical measuring system is based on the infrared absorption
process.
The infrared light of the light source (9), passes through the filter of the filter wheel (8)
and the sample cell (7) to the detector (6). The filter wheel is equipped with different filters
(reference filter, anesthetic gas filter, N2O filter, CO2 filter and a dark filter).
The path lengths determined by the optical filter are used for the measurement of CO2/N2O
(NIR approx. 3 µm), as well as anesthetic gas.
The filter wheel (8) is rotated with a motor and is fastened on the motor shaft. A photoelectric
beam monitors motor rotation.
F6494300T01_agasallg.fm 11.06.02

light source motor temperature
1 control 2 control 3 measurement + control
pressure 4
measurement
measured
values
5
filter wheel
9 light 8 5 or 8 filter 7 sample cell 6 detector
source
Fig. 14: The optical measuring system
In the sample cell (7), the sample gas, depending on its composition, causes more or less of
a weakening in the infrared radiation. These signal changes are received by the detector.
The relevant electronics generate the values for CO2, N2O and anesthetic gases (halothane,
enflurane, isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane) from the detector signals. Exhausted,
these are made available via the RS-232 interface to the I/O PCB (or Mains PCB), and from
here to the CPU PCB. For precise CO2 measurement, an O2 correction is necessary. This
occurs by transferring the airway monitor O2 values to the optical measuring system.
F6494300T01_agasallg.fm 11.06.02

16 Andros Gas Analyzer
The Andros gas analyzer is a complete unit and was used in older airway monitors.
There are two versions of the Andros gas analyzer:

− The Andros gas analyzer with an Andros pump (8600490)
− The Andros gas analyzer with a Wisa pump (6870200)
The are differentiated by their different pumps and pump control boards
The Andros gas analyzer consists of the following components:

− Optical measuring system (sensor head)
− Pump
− Solenoid
− Processor PCB
− Servo PCB (Power)
− Pump PCB
In the Andros gas analyzer, the sensor head and Servo PCB (Power) are inseparable.
The Processor PCB is replaceable in principle, however, this is not recommended.
Modern airway monitors are equipped with IRIA gas analyzers. Since 1998 the Andros gas
analyzer is no longer used as a repair replaceable part.
16.1 The Andros optical measuring system (sensor head)
The Andros gas analyzer optical measuring system is a complete assembly and is not
individually replaceable. An exception is the sample cell in the optical measuring system.
Both the basic structure of the optical measuring system and its principle of operation are
described in the The optical measuring system chapter.
The optical measuring system for the Andros gas analyzer is equipped with a ceramic light
source (600 °C), a filter wheel circuit (65 °C), a thermistor for measuring sample cell
temperature and a cooled detector (2 °C).
F6494300T02_androsmodul.fm 11.06.02

The Andros gas analyzer filter wheel contains 5 filters:
− 1 anesthetic gas
− 1 carbon dioxide
− 1 laughing gas
− 1 reference filter
− 1 dark filter
16.2 Pump
The pump transports the sample gas (100+60 ml) and the zeroing gas at 350 ml/min.
The Andros gas analyzer pump can be replaced if it needs repair.
16.3 Solenoid
The Andros gas analyzer is equipped with a solenoid, which can be used to switch from
sample gas to ambient air. This conversion to ambient air is required for the optical
measuring system and the sidestream O2 measurement.
16.4 Andros PCBs
16.4.1 Processor PCB
The processor printed circuit board has the following functions:
• Communicate with the monitor

• Evaluate the measured signal
• Control the pump board
• Evaluate the pressure and O2 parameters
16.4.2 Servo PCB (Power)
The printed circuit board has the following functions:

• Control the motor
• Control the heating circuit
• Generate internally required voltages

• Measure the pressure in the tubing system

16.4.3 Pump PCB
Different pump control boards are available for different pumps.
The Pump PCB is used to control and regulate the pump. The potentiometer for flow setting
is located on this PCB. These potentiometers can be accessed with a long calibration screw-
driver once the front panel has been removed. The pump PCB can be replaced if necessary.
The Wisa Pump PCB is used to control and regulate the Wisa pump. The suction rate can be
set with keys. One key increases the flow rate, the other reduces it. Pressing the keys simulta-
neously stores the flow value. The Pump PCB can be replaced if necessary.

17 IRIA Gas Analyzer
The IRIA gas analyzer forms a complete unit mounted on one module plate.
In contrast to the Andros gas analyzer, the IRIA gas analyzer can identify anesthetic gases
and mixtures. This function is, however, not supported by the PM8050 airway monitor.
The IRIA gas analyzer basically consists of the following replaceable components:
• Optical measuring system with Control PCB (sensor head)
• Pump
• Solenoids
• Flow PCB
• Processor PCB
1 exhaust gas port
to 1.line with restrictor 3

O2 sensor 2
2. sample gas
4
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxx
xxx
xxxx
xx
x
x
3. O 2 sensor
5
10 Flow PCB
sample cell
6
optical
measuring
9 Processor PCB
system with
Control PCB
7
RS 232
power supply 8
Fig. 15: IRIA gas analyzer

F6494300T04_iriamodul.fm 11.06.02

17.1 IRIA optical measuring system (sensor head)
Both the basic structure of the optical measuring system and how it works are described in
the The optical measuring system chapter.
A Control PCB (motor control, temperature control and light source control) is also installed
on the optical measuring system of the IRIA gas analyzer. The Control PCB is not replacea-
ble. It is a fixed part of the optical measuring system.
The filter wheel of the IRIA gas analyzer has 8 filters.

• 3 filters for anesthetic gases
• 1 reference filter for NIR (near infrared ~ 3µm)
• 1 reference filter for MIR (medium infrared ~ 8µm)
• 1 dark filter
• 1 filter for CO2
• 1 filter for N2O.
In contrast to the Andros gas analyzer, the IRIA gas analyzer has 3 anesthetic gas filters.
These have easily distinguishable wavelengths in the anesthetic gas measurement range.
Anesthetic gas identification and mixture identification are possible by means of three
different anesthetic gas transmissions.
Transmission
100%
halothane
50%
isoflurane
0%
1 2 3
signal 100%
halothane
signal 100%
isoflurane
8µm 9µm
wavelength
F6494300T04_iriamodul.fm 11.06.02
Fig. 16: Principle of anesthetic gas identification in the IRIA gas analyzer

Two heating circuits are available in the optical measuring system. They work by means of
heating foils. The large heating circuit is basically used to bring the IRIA to operating temper-
ature quickly. The small heating circuit is used for temperature control (PWM). The operating
temperature is 55 °C. It is monitored by means of the NTC.
A specially constructed light source in the IRIA gas analyzer is heated to 800 °C. It radiates
heat broadband. The light source is monitored via an output regulator. The radiation is
focussed on the filter wheel by a germanium lens.
F6494300T04_iriamodul.fm 11.06.02

17.2 Sample cell
The IRIA sample cell is replaceable. The sample cell windows are opaque so that dirt is
invisible to the naked eye. The optical sample cell path length is 1/3 of the entire distance
between the light source and the sample cell.
If CO2 is diffused into the optical measuring system, the sample cell can be cleaned by
means of a service zero. The influence of the CO2 in the rest of the precision measuring area,
however, remains very strong. It can only be remedied by placing or operating the IRIA in a
CO2-free environment.
F6494300T04_iriamodul.fm 11.06.02

17.3 Pump
The pump carries the sample gas (200.60 ml) or the zeroing gas at 200 ml/min. The IRIA gas
analyzer pump can be replaced if it needs repair.
F6494300T04_iriamodul.fm 11.06.02

17.4 Solenoids
For monitoring reasons, the IRIA gas analyzer has two solenoids and their function is to con-
vert sample gas to ambient air. The ambient air is required for the zeroing of the gas analyzer.
Both solenoids activate synchronously. When they are deactivated, the sample gas is venti-
lated via V1. V2 ensures that no ambient air is taken in (safety function through loaded con-
nection). During zeroing V1 and V2 are switched to ambient air. The pump switches off briefly
so that the ambient pressure can be measured. Then the pump is activated, transports the
zeroing gas and creates a vacuum. The value measured by the pressure sensor is at least
1 mbar – 20 mbar below the ambient pressure. If this is not the case, either the pump is not
working or there is a leakage or blockage behind the pressure sensor. (Error code 3517 in
the IRIA error log.) The valves in the IRIA gas analyzer can be replaced if they need repair.
F6494300T04_iriamodul.fm 11.06.02

17.5 IRIA printed circuit boards
17.5.1 Flow PCB
This is used for pump control and regulation (zeroing, cleaning, sampling). It contains a pres-
sure sensor with a restrictor for flow control The flow can only be set with a laptop and IRIA
service software. The IRIA Flow PCB can be replaced if necessary.
17.5.2 Processor PCB
The Processor PCB functions as a serial interface to the monitor, calculates concentrations,
controls sensor head signals and produces other voltages, which are needed for the opera-
tion of the IRIA, from the 12 V supply voltage. The IRIA gas analyzer Processor PCB can be
replaced if necessary.
F6494300T04_iriamodul.fm 11.06.02

18 Water Traps
The function of the water traps is to remove the water contained in the sample gas. This task
is carried out by Goretex membranes. Liquid cannot pass through the membranes. Residual
dampness is removed by a series of Nafion tubes. There are two different types of water trap
– the Ohmeda water trap and the Dräger water trap.
In the Ohmeda Water Trap the Goretex membrane is located in the separate water separator.
In the Dräger Water Trap the Goretex membranes and water containers are inseparable from
each other.
F6494300T18_wasserfalle.fm 11.06.02

19 Ohmeda Water Trap
The Ohmeda water trap consists of a water separator (3), the cup (6) and the housing (5) with
the associated sealing rings (7).
water separator 3
patient gas 4
200ml
sample gas
2
180ml
1
housing 5
20ml sealing ring 7
sample gas
cup 6
sealing ring 7
Fig. 17: Ohmeda water trap
The sealing rings (7) seal the cup and the water separator to the housing.
The sample gas is sucked into the gas analyzer by the pump. It goes from the T-piece (to
the Y-piece), the filter in the T-piece and the sample gas tube to the patient gas connector
(4) of the water trap. From here it flows into the water separator (3). The largest quantity
(180 ml/min) is taken by the Goretex membrane that reserves water on the sample gas
connector (2). This quantity goes to the sample cell of the optical measuring system.
The remaining 20 ml/min is used to transport the reserved liquid in the cup (6) provided.
This cup must be emptied regularly, otherwise water and other dirt might get into the
bypass branch (20 ml) and block the tubes and restrictors there.
A functioning water separator causes a pressure drop of 25 – 70 mbar in the tubing

system. A new water separator causes a drop of approximately 20 mbar (to be measured in
the service screen “Andros” or “gas analyzer ”). A used water separator causes greater pres-
sure drops and a lower suction rate. The water separator must be replaced. The entire tubing
system has a pressure drop of 100 mbar for 200 ml/min. If the pressure in the tubing system
F6494300T17_ohmedawasserf.fm 11.06.02
drops by more than 200 mbar below the ambient pressure or if the flow rate falls from
200 ml/min to a value under 170 ml/min, the screen displays an Error Message "CO2 line !?".

20 Dräger Water Trap
Water containers and Goretex membranes are inseparable from each other in the Dräger
water trap. The Dräger water trap can be emptied as often as required within a month using
a disposable syringe. To do this, it must first be removed from the water trap container. It
should be disposed of after one month.
In contrast to the Ohmeda water trap, the Dräger water trap has two Goretex membranes that
protect both the path to the sample cell (180 ml/min) and the bypass branch (20 ml/min)
from water penetration. A filling level detector is therefore no longer necessary. The copper
restrictor in the bypass branch is replaced by a 9 cm long tube that acts as a resistor.
9 cm
Pump
Water
Fig. 18: The Dräger water trap operating principle

If the water in the water container is at the level of the membranes, these are loaded with
water and an error message (“CO2 line !?”) is displayed on the screen.
F6494300T03_draegerwasserf.fm 11.06.02

21 O2 sensor adapter
The O2 sensor adapter is located on the rear of the airway monitor. It contains the O2 sensor
capsule, which is fastened with a screw. The O2 sensor capsule is used for fast O2 measure-
ment which is implemented for sidestream measurement of the airway monitor.
The O2 sensor capsule is pneumatically connected in series to the sample cell of the optical
measuring system. A Nafion tube is incorporated in the gas analyzer tubing system, which
prevents the water drops on the membrane of the O2 sensor capsule from condensing and
preventing an O2 measurement.
The sample gas from the sample cell of the optical measuring system is taken to/from the O2
sensor adapter by two thin metal tubes in the O2 sensor capsule (4). The area for precision
measurement in the O2 sensor adapter is formed by an O-ring (2), on which the O2 sensor
capsule lies.
1 contact pin 2 O ring
3 sensor adapter
4 O2 sensor capsule
Fig. 19: The sensor adapter
Fast O2 measurement requires a functioning gas analyzer with a closed tubing system. An
O2 sensor capsule or a dummy must always be used in the O2 sensor adapter, otherwise
there will be a leakage in the tubing system.
Fast O2 measurement then follows, determined by the intake pump flow in the vacuum. The
influence of the vacuum in place here is compensated for by means of the optical measuring
system pressure sensor.
The voltages on the O2 sensor capsule are tapped by two spring contacts (1) in the O2
sensor adapter. They are transported to the Measured Value PCB via the Motherboard
PCB and evaluated.
The fast O2 sensor capsule is an electrochemical cell. It has an anode and a cathode. The
short life span (six months) of the fast O2 sensor capsule is due largely to a thinner mem-
brane, which is necessary so that the oxygen can diffuse through it more quickly. The O2
sensor capsule is automatically zeroed at startup. In addition, depending on the gas analyzer
(Andros or IRIA), plausibility checks are carried out at various intervals. For this, the gas ana-
lyzer switches the flow to the O2 sensor capsule to ambient air. If the measured value is not
F6494300T16_o2sensor.fm 11.06.02
between 18-24 vol % O2, an INOP is initiated and the O2 is recalibrated.

22 PM 8050 Power Supply Units
2 power supply units can be used for the PM 8050. They are plug-compatible and supply the
same output voltages so they are interchangeable.
Output voltages:
− +5V DC
− +12V DC
− +15V DC
− -15V DC
The output voltages can be measured on the motherboard. Furthermore, the ON/OFF switch
is monitored with the help of an auxiliary contact. If there is a power failure, a power failure
alarm is generated on the I/O PCB.
22.1 Pulse power supply unit
The pulse power supply unit has no line power fuses on the rear panel which means that it
can be distinguished from an Elba power supply unit from the outside. It is also lighter than
the pulse power supply unit.
The pulse power supply unit is usually used in the PM 8050 standalone.
If you want to change the voltage to 115V AC, the pulse power supply unit must be inserted.
22.2 Elba power supply unit
The Elba power supply unit can be identified by the line power fuses on the rear panel and it
is heavier than the pulse power supply unit. The Elba power supply unit is mostly used in the
PM 8050cd.
F6494300T15_netzteil.fm 11.06.02

23 PM 8050 MRI function
Terms used in this document:
NMR → Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
MRT → Magnetic Resonance Tomography
MRI → Magnetic Resonance Imaging
The PM 8050 MRI is designed for use in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR, MRI, MRT) (see
chapter "Basics of magnetic resonance tomography"). From a technical point of view, it is the
same as a normal PM 8050 but with special shielding.
The following components are identical with the standard version of the PM 8050:
− printed circuit boards
− display
− software versions
− IRIA analyzer
The differences are

− copper housing
− non-magnetic screws (that may not be replaced by normal screws)
− additional shielding measures against magnetic fields (spring plates)
− shield foil in front of the display (foil with shielding wire netting)
− specially shielded flow cable (8601530)
− large-area and tight all-around contact
− shaft encoder with synthetic shaft
The following measuring functions are not accessible mechanically with the PM 8050 MRI:
− airway temperature
− SpO2
− inspiratory O2
F6494325T01_Funktion_AllgemeinPM8050MRI.fm 11.06.02
− external interface
6494300/325 PM 8050 MRI 07/2000 Functional Description Page 60

23.1 Differences between PM 8050 and PM 8050 MRI
23.1.1 Sensor sockets on PM 8050 MRI
The PM 8050 MRI has a special flow sensor socket. This is connected to the normal flow
sensor socket of the Measured Value PCB via an adapter cable.
23.1.2 Power pack
The connection of the equipotential bonding on the power pack cover (hole plate) has been
modified mechanically.
23.1.3 O2 cell
The O2 cell (on the rear panel) is connected to signal ground on one side. The signal ground
is additionally shielded. Therefore, a completely new rear panel with cover has been used.
The sensor cover is additionally shielded.
23.1.4 Flow-sensor cable
− Double-shielded cable with shield connection via lemo connector on rear panel.
− shielding up to flow sensor
− cable installed near bar, not in loops
− existing Viking socket enclosed with shielding housing
23.1.5 Housing
− Faraday’s cage principle

− excellent all-around contact with copper-beryllium springs

− closed rear panel
− well-conducting, non-magnetic copper housing
− adaptation ability to "Ratzerburger" system
− all openings sealed (bracket on power pack, plate over O2 cell)

Ein-Ausschalter
Netzanschluß
Paw E
Flowsensor
Fig. 20: PM 8050 MRI rear panel
Ein-Ausschalter
O2- Temp.- E
Sensor Sensor Sensor
Capteur Capteur Spiro Capteur
Lüfter
1 CO2-
Probe
2
Sonde
SpO2 Sync.
Schneller O2-Sensor
RS 232 C Protokoll Analog
Printer
Netzanschluß
Monitorbus Monitorbus
Paw
Fig. 21: Rear panel, open


24 Basics of magnetic resonance tomography
Magnetic resonance (MR) or nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is a new diagnostic

technique which produces high-resolution pictures (images) of the human body without the
use of X-rays.
Signals are generated and received using a strong magnet and a radio-frequency antenna.
The resulting images are evaluated and displayed by a computer.
24.1 Safety precautions
Risk of personal injury!

All metal objects must be left at home or given to the clinic personnel
before entering the MR procedures room. This list includes, but is not
limited to, coins, jewels, cards with magnetic strip, clips, scissors, tools, etc.
Several hundred thousands of MR examinations have been carried out in the recent years
without any known side-effects or after-effects. According to current knowledge, damaging
effects are unlikely at the magnetic field strength used (up to 2.0 tesla).
However, metal implants may cause pain and injuries when they are introduced in the
magnetic field. Therefore, patients with certain implants are contraindicated from MR
imaging. Prior to MR examination, the MR physician or technologist will ask the patients
about the following risk factors:
− cardiac pacemakers
− metal plates, nails, or metal implants
− artery clamps
− artificial cardiac valves
− intrauterine contraceptive devices

− body jewelry
− cosmetic or tattoos (the colors used may contain metal flakes or slivers)
− shrapnel
− pregnancy (should be reported)
24.2 Theory of operation
The atoms in the human body react like magnets. If these atoms are introduced in a magnetic
field, they align themselves to the direction of the applied field similar to the way a compass
needle aligns with the earth’s magnetic field.

These small "magnets" are shifted away from their field alignment by application of radio
frequency energy at a specific frequency. In this process they absorb energy from the radio
frequency pulse. A knocking or buzzing sound can be heard in the MR scanner when radio
frequency pulses are emitted.
Upon termination of the radio frequency pulse, the atoms return to their original applied
magnetic field alignment. In this process, they emit the absorbed energy in the form of weak
radio frequency signals. The signals are picked up by a highly sensitive antenna (receiver
coil). The signals are then processed by a computer with the appropriate software. The result
are images which can be used for diagnosis by a specialist.
The average time required for a measurement is 10 to 25 minutes. The whole examination is
normally completed in 30 to 80 minutes. Several dozens of images are taken during this time.
These images could spare the patient an intrusive collection of tissue specimens or surgery.
24.3 How does an MR examination work?
The patient is positioned on a padded table which will move automatically and smoothly into
the magnet opening. The MR staff leaves the magnet area. An intercom system, a camera,
and a monitor for vital parameters allow the MR staff to monitor the patient throughout the
examination.
A knocking or buzzing sound at different levels and rhythms can be heard during
measurement. This noise can be minimized by the use an MR compatible audio headset or
ear plugs.
The patient should remain in a relaxed position throughout the examination as any movement
during measurement could affect the quality of the images.
The actual measurement lasts as long as the knocking or buzzing sound can be heard.
24.4 Why apply anesthesia during an MR examination?

Movement artifacts may extend the examination time in restless patients.
Uptake, distribution, and removal of drugs (e.g. sedatives) are unpredictable in infants.
Whereas inhalation anesthesia can be controlled well.
Inhalation anesthetics can be removed safely through the lungs.

Direct monitoring of spontaneous breathing is difficult. Mechanical ventilation ensures

proper gas exchange.
MR examination under application of strong sedatives is very common in children and

claustrophobic patients who have suffered from a mental trauma.
Mechanically ventilated intensive-care patients must also be ventilated during MR

examination.

24.5 What types of MR scanners are available?
24.5.1 Closed magnets
Fig. 22: closed MR scanner
Special features:
− round opening with coils for shielding
− high-field magnets with typically 1 T and 1.5 T
− low stray field
− active shielding
− high market share

24.5.2 Open magnets
Fig. 23: open MR scanner
Special features:
− for interventional procedures
− low-field magnets
− higher stray field
− not all manufacturers offer open magnets
− vertical types (GE)
− horizontal types (Siemens, Toshiba, Picker)


Test List
PM8050 NMR
File No.:
Prod. No.: ————————— 6494.300
Device location: ————————— Issue:

6.99
D
$ % 3
1
Copyright reserved. Reproductions only permitted for non-commercial purposes.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02
This test list does not replace inspection and maintenance by Dräger Medical AG & Co. KGaA
6494300/325 PM8050 NMR 5.99 Test List Page 67

1 General state
• Check the state of the following device parts :
Check that labels are readable
Membrane keyboard
Shaft encoder
Housing
Water trap
Rear panel
Fan mat
Interface connections
Sensors with sensor cables
Sidestream and inspiratory (option) measurement
Anesthetic exhaust gas port

K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

2 Check the accompanying documents
• Check that the accompanying documents (Instructions for Use etc.) are
available and complete.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

3 Safety test
• Check the power cable for damage.

• Check the fuses accessible from the exterior. The power supply unit
fuse links must match the nameplate. (100V-240V, T2A DIN 41662))
• Carry out the protective conductor test in accordance with VDE 751.
R<0.3 Ω.
3.1 Equivalent device leakage current
3.2 Equivalent patient leakage current

K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

4 ON test
• Connect the power cable. Activate the PM 8050. The PM 8050 begins
its self-test by checking all LEDs, the speaker (low tone) and the buzzer
(high tone).
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

5 Calibrating
• Calibrate the flow sensor and possibly the inspiratory O2 sensor 21%
(option).
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

6 Water trap
• Is the filter dirty? Water trap empty? Sample gas line blocked or
snapped? If necessary, change the filter and empty the water trap.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

7 Blockage detection
• The sensors must be calibrated. Connect the sample gas tube to the
water trap. Seal the sample gas tube tightly. Within 30 seconds the
message “CO2 Line ?!” appears in the message box.
• Remove the blockage. The alarm stops.
• In ambient air the following concentrations must be measured once the
zeroing has taken place.
CO2 = 0 vol%
N2O = 0.0 vol%
Anesthetic gas = 0.0 vol%

K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

8 Check pressure measurement
• Break the pressure measuring tube on the measuring tap and

compress it. The pressure display exceeds 0 mbar.
• Open the pressure measuring tube. The pressure display is 0 mbar.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

9 Test O2sensor
• Expose the tubing end of the sidestream measurement to pure oxygen.

Calibrate the O2sensor (100%). Expose the tubing end to ambient air.
Select “O2linearity test”. The O2 display must be between 18 and
24 vol.% after 20 seconds.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

10 CO2 functional test
• Expirate in the sample gas tube. A CO2curve and the CO2value are
displayed.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

11 SPO2 functional test (optional)
• Connect the SPO2sensor to the finger. Pulse and saturation are

displayed.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

12 Check anesthetic gas measurement
• Set the fresh gas to approx. 2 l/min. Connect the PM 8050 sample gas
tube. Set the vaporizer handwheel to 0 (zero) vol%. Set vaporizer hand-
wheel to 1 vol% and wait for approx. 1 minute. Display PM8050 approx.
1 vol%.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

13 Check flow measurement
• Remove the flow sensor from the ventilation unit. Expirate through the
flow sensor. A flow is displayed in the PM 8050.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

14 Check temperature measurement
• Connect the temperature sensor to the PM 8050. The ambient tempera-

ture is displayed.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

15 Alarm limits
• Check the individual upper and lower alarm limits.

K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

16 Termination test
• Unplug the mains plug from the socket. The buzzer in the PM 8050
sounds at a constant volume.
The acoustic alarm stops after approx. 30 s.

K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

17 Self-test
• Connect the PM 8050 with the power supply. The PM 8050 performs
its self-test. No error messages or service messages occurred.
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

18 Device delivery
• Return fully functional device to operator.
Date: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Name: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
K6494300TL16494325.fm 11.06.02

Replacing consumables
1 Replacing the O2 sensor
Replace the O2sensor if it is not possible to perform a calibration, or if the warranty period
has expired.
− Unscrew the cap on the rear panel.
− Remove the O2sensor.
− Place the new O2sensor in the cap.
− Screw the cap in the mounting device.
ON/OFF switch
O2 - temp.- E
sensor sensor sensor
fan
1 CO2-
Probe
2
Sonde
SpO2 Sync.
fast O2 sensor
RS 232 C Protocol Analog
Printer
power supply
Monitor bus Monitor bus
Paw
Fig. 1: Removing the O2sensor
The O2 sensor is special waste. Dispose of the O2 sensor in accordance

with local refuse disposal regulations.
K6494300V016494325.fm 11.06.02
6494300/325 PM8050 NMR 6.99 Diagrams and Overviews Page 86

2 Replacing the cooling air filter
Clean or replace the cooling air filter after 4 weeks. Replace the cooling air filter after 1 year.
− Remove the cooling air filter from the mounting device.
− Replace the cooling air filter or clean the cooling air filter in warm water using a
detergent.
− Dry the cooling air filter.
− Place the cooling air filter, uncreased, in the mounting device.
ON/OFF switch
O2 - temp.- E
fan
1 CO2-
Probe
2
Sonde
SpO2 Sync.
fast O2 sensor
Printer
power supply
Paw
Fig. 2: Removing the cooling air filter

K6494300V016494325.fm 11.06.02

3 Replacing the sample gas return tube bacterial filter
Replace the sample gas return tube bacterial filter every 6 months.
− Remove the tubes on the bacterial filter.
− Put the new tubes on the new bacterial filter.
ON/OFF switch
O2- temp.- E
fan
1 CO2-
Probe
2 Sonde
SpO2 Sync.
fast O2 sensor
Printer
power supply
Paw
Fig. 3: Removing the sample gas return tube bacterial filter

K6494300V016494325.fm 11.06.02

4 Replacing the pressure measuring line/bacterial filter of the
pressure measuring line
Replace the pressure measuring line if it is damaged, but it should be replaced, at the latest,
after one year (silicone rubber tube and sleeves). Replace the pressure measuring line bacte-
rial filter every 6 months.
− Remove the tubes on the bacterial filter.
− Put the tubes (or the new tubes) on the new bacterial filter.
ON/OFF switch
O2 temp.- E
fan
1 CO2-
sample
2 probe
SpO2 Sync.
fast O2 sensor
Printer
power supply
Paw
Fig. 4: Removing the pressure measuring line bacterial filter

K6494300V016494325.fm 11.06.02

Schematics and Diagrams
1 CPU PCB
C U 8060 / C C U 8060
X 28
G1
Debug
mode
Reset
Disable
100 ms
Watch-
dog
1s 8 Mhz- 16 Mhz-
Address Decoder clock
X2
D13 PROM
D14 size
Interrupt Decoder
PROM type
Debug connector D13, D14
S-RAM EPROM
Flash
C D A B
D15
D11 D12 D13 D14

PROM X1
size
PROM type, D11, D12
D11, D12
Flash-EPROM
L1
V5
V4
size V3 Service
Timekeeper- V2 LEDs
16K RAM V1
S6494300T016494325.fm 11.06.02
Fig. 1: CPU PCB
6494300/325 PM8050/MRI 6.99 Diagrams and Overviews Page 90

2 Measured Value PCB
X4
X3
X2
X6
X7
V3
V5 D9
V7
V9
X1
X8 D6
D10
Fig. 2: Measured Value PCB

S6494300T016494325.fm 11.06.02

3 I/O PCB
- + B1
X3
N1 X2
X4
X9
1 3
X6
X10
D12 D6
X1
X5
Fig. 3: I/O PCB

S6494300T016494325.fm 11.06.02

4 PM 8050 Front PCB
Rotary Knob Encoder

86 00 688
D24 D25 X2
D18
86 00 743
Adress Decoder
Video
Processor X1
Fig. 4: PM8050 Front PCB

S6494300T016494325.fm 11.06.02

5 PM 8050 MRI
5.1 Front
D
$ % 3
Fig. 5: PM 8050 MRI (front view)
5.2 Rear View Closed
ON/OFF switch
power supply
Paw E
flow sensor
Fig. 6: 8050 MRI (rear view)

S6494300T016494325.fm 11.06.02

5.3 Rear View Opened
ON/OFF switch
O2- temp.- E
fan
1 CO2-
Probe
2
Sonde
SpO2 Sync.
fast O2 sensor
Printer
power supply
Paw
Fig. 7: 8050 MRI (rear view without rear panel)
6 PM 8050/8050cd
6.1 Front
D
$ % 3
1
S6494300T016494325.fm 11.06.02
Fig. 8: PM 8050 (front view)

6.2 Rear View
ON/OFF switch
O2- temp.- E
fan
1 CO2-
Probe
2
Sonde
SpO2 Sync.
fast O2 sensor
Printer
power supply
Paw
Fig. 9: PM 8050 (rear view)
S6494300T016494325.fm 11.06.02
Modifications
1 List of changes
Note:
This technical documentation is valid for the technical device version as of July 1999.
Type of change Date:

Documentation completely revised 6.99
Function „Gas Analyzer“, „Using the gas analyzers in airway moni- 01.2000
tors“, Errorlog-Codes (IRIA)“ updated. Chapter „Retrofit kits“ new
New spare parts list 04.01
K6494300AE16494325.fm 11.06.02
6494300/325 PM8050 NMR 6.99 Modifications Page 97

Indexes
1 Index
A IRIA
function ......................................................... 47
Activating the airway monitor ..................... 11 optical measuring system ............................ 48
airway monitor measurement parameters 11
Andros M
Function ........................................................ 44
optical measuring system ............................ 44 main components ......................................... 10
automatic flow calibration ........................... 22 Measured Value (PCB)
block diagram .............................................. 20
B flow measurement ....................................... 21
function ......................................................... 19
block diagrams .............................................. 13 power supply ................................................ 26
PM 8050CD ................................................. 14 measured value (PCB)
PM8050/8050NMR .................................... 13 Components provided ................................. 69
measurement
C O2 ................................................................. 23
pressure ....................................................... 24
Cicero (PCB)
temperature .................................................. 24
function ......................................................... 37
Monitor Bus (PCB)
CPU (PCB)
function ......................................................... 36
block diagram ............................................... 17
Motherboard (PCB)
Components provided ................................. 68
Function ........................................................ 15
function ......................................................... 16
O
F
O2 measurement ......................................... 22
fast O2 measurement .................................. 23
O2 sensor adapter ....................................... 54
flow measurement ........................................ 21
Front (PCB)
P
block diagram ............................................... 35
function ......................................................... 32 PM 8050 NMR function ............................. 56
front (PCB) PM8050 NMR rear view closed ................ 72
Components provided ................................. 71 PM8050 NMR rear view opened .............. 73
PM8050 SA/NMR front view .................... 72
G PM8050cd front view .................................. 73

PM8050cd/sa function ............................... 10
gas analyzer
PM8050cd/sa rear view ............................. 74
Andros Function ........................................... 44
power supply unit
IRIA function ................................................. 47
Pulse power supply unit .............................. 55
optical measuring system ............................ 42
pressure measurement ............................... 24
pneumatic system ........................................ 41
R
I
rear view of the airway monitor .................. 12
I/O (PCB)
K6494300IEC6494325SIX.fm 11.06.02
block diagram ............................................... 28

S
Components provided ................................. 70
function ......................................................... 27 spare parts list ............................................... 78
introduction .................................................... 10 SpO2 (PCB)
6494300/325 PM8050/NMR 6.99 Index Page 98

function ......................................................... 31
temperature measurement ......................... 24
water trap
Dräger Function ........................................... 53
general .......................................................... 51
Ohmeda function ......................................... 52
K6494300IEC6494325SIX.fm 11.06.02
6494300/325 PM8050/NMR 6.99 Index Page 99

K6494300AH16494325.fm 11.06.02

6494300/325 PM8050 NMR
Appendix
Spare parts list
6.99
Appendix
Page 100
Dräger Medical AG & Co. KGaA
Moislinger Allee 53–55

D-23542 Lübeck
Germany
T (++ 49) 451/ 882 - 3127

FAX (++ 49) 451/ 882 - 4294
6494.300/325 d
4th edition May 2001
Subject to alterations.
No exchange in the case of alteration.

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1 Symbols and definitions 10

4 Activating the airway monitor 12

5 Rear view of the airway monitor 13

6.1 PM8050/8050 MRI block diagram .........................................................................14

6.2 PM 8050CD block diagram ...................................................................................... 15

8.1 CPU PCB block diagram ............................................................................................ 18

9 Measured Value PCB 20

9.1 Measured Value PCB block diagram ........................................................................21

9.2 Flow measurement ........................................................................................................21

9.3 Automatic flow calibration (Cato, Cicero EM only) ............................................... 22

9.4 O2 measurement .......................................................................................................... 23

9.5 Fast O2 measurement ................................................................................................. 24

6494300/325 PM8050/NMR 6.99 Contents Page I

9.6 Temperature measurement ......................................................................................... 25

9.7 Pressure measurement ............................................................................................... 25

9.8 The multiplexer .............................................................................................................. 25

9.9 Sample & Hold amplifier ............................................................................................. 25

9.10 The A/D converter ........................................................................................................ 25

9.11 The data bus driver ....................................................................................................... 26

9.12 The Z-80 CPU ............................................................................................................... 26

9.13 Memory ........................................................................................................................... 26

9.14 I/O range: ....................................................................................................................... 26

9.15 The bus interface .......................................................................................................... 27

9.16 The Measured Value PCB power supply ............................................................... 27

10.1 I/O PCB block diagram .............................................................................................. 29

10.2 The bus interface .......................................................................................................... 29

10.3 The DC/DC converter ................................................................................................. 30

10.4 System temperature monitoring ................................................................................ 30

10.5 Monitoring +5 V ............................................................................................................ 30

10.6 Buzzer control ................................................................................................................31

12.1 Front PCB operating principle .................................................................................. 33

12.2 Host interface ................................................................................................................ 33

12.3 The graphics processor .............................................................................................. 34

12.4 The video RAM .............................................................................................................. 34

12.5 Clock pulse generation ............................................................................................... 34

6494300/325 PM8050/NMR 6.99 Contents Page II

12.6 Key query and LED control ........................................................................................ 34

12.7 The sound generator ................................................................................................... 35

12.8 The rotary knob encoder ............................................................................................. 35

12.9 The address decoder .................................................................................................. 35

12.10 Front PCB block diagram ........................................................................................... 36

13 Monitor Bus PCB 37

14 3-Gas Cicero PCB only for PM8050/MRI, 6-Gas 38

15.1 Using the gas analyzers in airway monitors: ........................................................... 39

15.2 Retrofit Kits .................................................................................................................... 40

15.3 About gas analyzers ......................................................................................................41

16 Andros Gas Analyzer 45

16.1 The Andros optical measuring system (sensor head) .......................................... 45

16.2 Pump ............................................................................................................................... 46

16.3 Solenoid ......................................................................................................................... 46

16.4 Andros PCBs ................................................................................................................ 46

17 IRIA Gas Analyzer 48

17.1 IRIA optical measuring system (sensor head) ........................................................ 49

17.2 Sample cell .....................................................................................................................51

17.3 Pump ............................................................................................................................... 52