GRAVITY DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

EN 12056-2

2021/02/03
ACADEMY 2020

SILMAR GROUP

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ACADEMY 2020

PRODUCTION

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ACADEMY 2020

PRODUCTION

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ACADEMY 2020

WORLDWIDE AT YOUR SIDE

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ACADEMY 2020

WORLDWIDE AT YOUR SIDE

Valsir systems were installed in different types of projects.

Inconsiam Ikea di Sidney

(Thailandia) (Australia)

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ACADEMY 2020

WORLDWIDE AT YOUR SIDE

Present in more than

100 countries all over the world

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ACADEMY 2020

VALSIR, THINK GLOBAL ACT LOCAL

WHY WE NEED A PROPER WASTE SYSTEM?

• To quickly evacuate the flow

• To avoid sedimentation of material

• To avoid hydraulic losses

• To avoid the emission of foul-smelling gas

• To keep under control pressure levels

• To contain the noise

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WASTE SYSTEM COMPONENTS

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WASTE SYSTEM COMPONENTS - BRANCHES

Common branches

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WASTE SYSTEM COMPONENTS - BRANCHES

EN 12056 – 2 GRAVITY
DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
Types of system:
SYSTEM I

Single column drain system

and partially filled branches
Common branches filling
ratio 0,5 (50%)

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WASTE SYSTEM COMPONENTS - BRANCHES

EN 12056 – 2 GRAVITY
DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
Types of system:
SYSTEM II

Single column drain system

and partially filled branches
Common branches filling
ratio 0,7 (70%)

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WASTE SYSTEM COMPONENTS - BRANCHES

EN 12056 – 2 GRAVITY
DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
Types of system:
SYSTEM III

Single column drain system

and partially filled branches
Common branches filling
ratio 1 (100%)
Every branch must be
connected to the stack
separately

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WASTE SYSTEM COMPONENTS - BRANCHES

EN 12056 – 2 GRAVITY
DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
Types of system:
SYSTEM IV

Drain system with separate

stacks.
Every branch must be
connected to the stack
separately

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WASTE SYSTEM COMPONENTS - BRANCHES
NOT VENTILATED VENTILATED COMMON
COMMON BRANCHES BRANCHES

H
H

L L

APPLICATION LIMITS SYSTEM I APPLICATION LIMITS SYSTEM I

L Max 4,0 m L Max 10,0 m
H Max 1,0 m H Max 3,0 m
Min slope 1% Min slope 0,5 %

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WASTE SYSTEM COMPONENTS - STACKS

Ventilation pipe

Waste stack

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WASTE SYSTEM COMPONENTS - STACKS

The choice of the diameter of the vertical stack is depending on:

• The total flow rate of the system

• Type of connection between branches and the stack
• Type of ventilation (primary, parallel or secondary)

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VERTICAL STACKS – TYPE OF CONNECTION
SQUARED BRANCH ANGLE BRANCH

SWEPT BRANCH REDUCED ANGLE BRANCH

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VERTICAL STACKS – TYPE OF CONNECTION
SQUARED BRANCH ANGLE BRANCH

SWEPT BRANCH REDUCED ANGLE BRANCH

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VERTICAL STACKS – TYPE OF CONNECTION

BALL BRANCH MULTIBRANCH

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VERTICAL STACKS – TYPE OF VENTILATION

PRIMARY VENTILATION
• Suggested up to max 5
floors

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 VERTICAL STACKS – TYPE OF VENTILATION

PARALLEL VENTILATION
• Suggested to buildings
higher than 3 floors

• Allow having common

branches with a length
up to 10 meters
(indirect)

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VERTICAL STACKS – TYPE OF VENTILATION

SECONDARY VENTILATION
• Solution suggested for
systems with a high value of
contemporaneity and height
• Allow having common
branches with a length up to
10 meters

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VERTICAL STACKS – FLOW RATE

Max flow rate Qmax [l/s]

SQUARED ANGLE BRANCH, SWEPT
Waste BRANCH BRANCH, BALL BRANCH
Type of Ventilation
stack
ventilation stack DN
DN

Primary
100 - 4,0 5,2
ventilation

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VERTICAL STACKS – FLOW RATE

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VERTICAL STACKS – FLOW RATE

Max flow rate Qmax [l/s]

SQUARED ANGLE BRANCH, SWEPT
Waste BRANCH BRANCH, BALL BRANCH
Type of Ventilation
stack
ventilation stack DN
DN

Primary
100 - 4,0 5,2
ventilation

Parallel or
secondary 100 50 5,6 7,3
ventilation

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING

Three main components:

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING

Three main components :

Deviation
chamber 1. Deviation chamber
It reduces the velocity of the
falling waste.

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING

Three main components :

2. Mixing chamber.
No influence on the branches
connections by the vertical flow

Mixing chamber

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING

Three main components:

3. Internal baffle.
Aperture It ensures pressure balance and
proper ventilation

Internal
baffle

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING - ADVANTAGES
Max flow rate Qmax [l/s]
SQUARED ANGLE BRANCH, SWEPT
Waste BRANCH BRANCH, BALL BRANCH
Type of Ventilation
stack
ventilation stack DN
DN

Primary
100 - 4,0 5,2
ventilation
Parallel or
secondary 100 50 5,6 7,3
ventilation

Ventilation
branch 100 - 13,0
fitting

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 VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING - ADVANTAGES
Number of typical apartments
SQUARED ANGLE BRANCH, SWEPT
Waste BRANCH BRANCH, BALL BRANCH
Type of Ventilation
stack
ventilation stack DN
DN

Primary
100 - 9 16
ventilation
Parallel or
secondary 100 50 18 31
ventilation

Ventilation
branch 100 - 100
fitting
* Typical apartments composed by: Sink, Dishwasher, Bathtub, washbasin, washing machine, WC

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING - ADVANTAGES

• Less structural
interferences
• Great design
flexibility

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING - ADVANTAGES

• Less structural
interferences
• Great design
flexibility
• Less pipes quantity
• Time and cost
savings

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING - ADVANTAGES

• Up to 8 meter for not

ventilated branches

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING - ADVANTAGES

• Up to 20 m for
ventilated branches

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING - ADVANTAGES
• Realization of a
circumventilation
(Pressure Relief Loop)
at the bottom of the
stack

2m

2m

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EXAMPLE OF CALCULATION
AND CASE STUDY
CASE STUDY

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CASE STUDY

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CASE STUDY

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CASE STUDY

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CASE STUDY

BUILDING DATA:
• n° 62 residential floors
• n° 8 commercial floors
• 550 m²/net surface
• 75.000 m² total
• 379 apartment

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 SIZING OF THE VERICAL STACK
CALCULATION OF THE FLOW RATE
According to EN 12056-2

= · ∑
With:
K contemporaneity factor
DU drainage unit
TYPE OF of every sanitary
BUILDING FACTOR
fixture use
Intermittent (as(Residential,
per tableoffices)
values) 0,5
Frequent use (Hospital, Hotels) 0,7
Very frequent use (Public toilet)
FIXTURE DU [l/s]1,0
Special use (Laboratory)
Washbasin 0,5 1,2
Shower 0,6
Bath tub 0,8
WC 9l 2,5
Sink 0,8

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 SIZING OF THE VERICAL STACK
Black Water
FIXTURE DU [l/s]
WC [1] 2,5
WC [2] 2,5
TOTAL DU 5,0

Grey Water
FIXTURE DU [l/s]
Washbasin [1] 0,5
Shower [1] 0,6
Bath tub[1] 0,8
Washbasin [2] 0,5
Shower [2] 0,6
Sink 0,8
TOTAL DU 3,8

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 SIZING OF THE VERICAL STACK
Black Water
FIXTURE DU [l/s]
WC [1] 2,5
WC [2] 2,5
TOTAL DU 5,0

Grey Water
FIXTURE DU [l/s]
Washbasin [1] 0,5
Shower [1] 0,6
Bath tub[1]
CALCULATION 0,8 RATE
OF THE FLOW CALCULATION OF THE FLOW RATE
Washbasin [2] = · ∑ 0,5 = · ∑
Shower [2] 0,6
Sink = 0,5 · 5 · 62 = 8,80
0,8l/s = 0,5 · 3,8 · 62 = 7,67 l/s
TOTAL DU 3,8

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SIZING OF THE VERICAL STACK

Parallel Black Water Grey Water

Ventilation
8,80 l/s 7,67 l/s
DIAMETER OF THE STACK
De [mm]

STACK VENTILATION [l/s]

75 50 2,00
90 63 2,60
110 75 5,60
125 90 7,60
160 110 12,40
200 125 21,00
 SYSTEM LAYOUT

DIRECT PARALLEL VENTILATION

• In the EN 12056 standard are
defined the minimum diameters
for the parallel ventilation
• 4 m of maximum length of the
branches

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SYSTEM LAYOUT

DIRECT PARALLEL VENTILATION

For buildings higher than 12 m, an
overpressure is generated at the
bottom of the stack zeroing after 3 m.
• It is suggested to realize a
circumventilation for the lower
levels.
• Usually, for every 4 falling floors
you should disconnect one floor
from the main stack.

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SYSTEM LAYOUT – STACK DOUBLING
SIZING OF THE VERICAL STACK

Parallel Black Water Grey Water

Ventilation
8,80 l/s 7,67 l/s
DIAMETER OF THE STACK
De [mm]

STACK VENTILATION [l/s]

75 50 2,00
90 63 2,60
110 75 5,60
125 90 7,60
160 110 12,40
200 125 21,00
 MATERIAL – SOLUTION 1

STACKS FLOOR BRANCHES

(Black + Grey + Ventilation) (Black + Grey + Ventilation)
Item Total Item Totale
Quantity Unit Quantity Unit

Pipe Ø75 60,00 m Pipe Ø50 1.300,00 m

Pipe Ø90 40,00 m Pipe Ø75 765,00 m

Pipe Ø110 525,00 m Pipe Ø110 410,00 m

Pipe Ø125 20,00 m Fittings 2.480 pcs

Pipe Ø160 400,00 m

Fittings 526 pcs

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING

VALSIR PROPOSAL

VENTILATION BRANCH
FITTING
(VBF)

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING
Max flow rate Qmax [l/s]
SQUARED ANGLE BRANCH, SWEPT
Waste BRANCH BRANCH, BALL BRANCH
Type of Ventilation
stack
ventilation stack DN
DN

Primary
100 - 4,0 5,2
ventilation
Parallel or
secondary 100 70 5,6 7,3
ventilation

Ventilation
branch 100 - 13,0
fitting

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING
• Up to 8 meter for not
ventilated branches

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VENTILATION BRANCH FITTING
• Realization of a
circumventilation
(Pressure Relief Loop)
at the bottom of the
stack

Only for the last floor!

2m

2m

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SIZING OF THE VERICAL STACK

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SIZING OF THE VERICAL STACK

Parallel Black Water Grey Water

Ventilation
10,78 l/s 9,40 l/s
DIAMETER OF THE STACK
De [mm]

STACK VENTILATION [l/s]

75 50 2,00
90 63 2,60
110 75 5,60
125 90 7,60
160 110 12,40
VBF 110 13,0 l/s
 MATERIAL – SOLUTION 2

STACKS FLOOR BRANCHES

(VBF) (Black + Grey)
Item Total Item Total
Quantity Unit Quantity Unit

Pipe Ø110 450,00 m Pipe Ø50 1.965,00 m

Fittings 142 pcs Pipe Ø75 145,00 m

Pipe Ø110 850,00 m

Fittings 1.675 pcs

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COMPARISON OF THE MATERIAL

STACKS
Solution 1 Solution 2 Comparison
Item Quantity Unit Quantity Unit % material

Pipe Ø75 60,00 m - - - 100%

Pipe Ø90 40,00 m - - - 100%

Pipe Ø110 525,00 m 450,00 m - 15%

Pipe Ø160 400,00 m - - - 100%

Fittings 526 pcs 142 pcs - 73%

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REDUCTION OF THE SHAFT

Surface of typical shaft:

1,23 m²

Surface of typical shaft :

0,77 m²

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mail to: academy@valsir.it