No.

Dokumen FM-02-AKD-22
No. Revisi 02
Tanggal Berlaku 13 MEI 2012
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TUGAS MID TERM

BY :

NAMA : ANI JULITA SIPAYUNG

NIM : 4401412050

ROMBEL : 3 (TIGA)

UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG

2013

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Reading 01:

Global Warming

Based on the reading 01,

1. What is global warming?

Answer :
Global warming is the unsually rapid increase in Earth’s average surface
temperature over the past century due to greehouse gases released by people
burning fossil fuels.

2. What is the major factor responsible for the global warming?

Answer:
This form is caused as a result of a progressive rise in the average temperature on the
earth's surface as well as a result of sunlight being ensnared by a range of greenhouse gases
like carbon dioxide and methane which are either released via natural components of the
planet or human tempted activities.

3. Based on plausible emission scenarios, average surface temperatures could rise by the end of
the 21st century?
Answer:
Based on plausible emission scenarios, average surface temperatures could rise
between 2°C and 6°C by the end of the 21st century. Some of this warming will occur even
if future greenhouse gas emissions are reduced, because the Earth system has not yet fully
adjusted to environmental changes we have already made.

Reading 02:

Based on the reading 02,

1. This medication is recommended for?

Answer:

For quick relief of upset stomach or acid indigestion caused from too much to eat or
drink.

2. According to the direction, which of the following persons should NOT take this
medication?
Answer:
Not recommended for children under twelve years old or adult over
sixty-five.
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3. What should you do with this preparation?

Answer:

drop two tablets in an eight-ounce glass of water. Make sure that the
tablets have dissolved completely before drinking thepreparation.
Repeat in six hours for maximum relief. Do not take more that for tablets in
a twenty-four-hour period.

4. If you took this preparation an hour ago, how many hours must you wait in order to take
it again?
Answer:

Repeat in six hours for maximum relief.

Reading 03:

ECOLOGY
The Oil and the Otter

Based on the reading 03,

1. Who was the cleanup crew that would never leave ‘his job’ (cleaning the contaminated
sea)?
Answer:

the Exxon Valdez oiled Alaska’s Prince William Sound.

2. How long (how many years) was the Alaska’s Prince William Sound already polluted by
petroleum?
Answer:

It has been 15 years.

3. Please tell a bit about the behavior of this creature ‘Sea Otter’...
Answer:

The sea otter (Enhydra lutris) is a marine mammal native to the coasts of the northern

and eastern North Pacific Ocean. Adult sea otters typically weigh between 14 and 45 kg (31
and 99 lb), making them the heaviest members of the weasel family, but among the smallest
marine mammals. Unlike most marine mammals, the sea otter's primary form of insulation
is an exceptionally thick coat of fur, the densest in the animal kingdom. Although it can
walk on land, the sea otter lives mostly in the ocean.
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The sea otter inhabits offshore environments, where it dives to the sea floor to forage. It
preys mostly on marine invertebrates such as sea urchins, various molluscs and crustaceans,
and some species of fish. Its foraging and eating habits are noteworthy in several respects.
First, its use of rocks to dislodge prey and to open shells makes it one of the few mammal
species to use tools. In most of its range, it is a keystone species, controlling sea urchin
populations which would otherwise inflict extensive damage to kelp forest ecosystems. Its
diet includes prey species that are also valued by humans as food, leading to conflicts
between sea otters and fisheries.

Reading 04:

Which Sources Make Sense?

to save gasoline.

Based on the reading :

1. Some experts mention that it is better for the environment to use natural gas to make
electricity for the grid and save coal, rather than turning it into hydrogen to save gasoline.
What do you think?
Answer:

Menurut pendapat saya,saya setuju dengan beberapa ahli yang berpendapat

demikian. Mengapa..akan lebih baik jika batu bara tersebut tidak diubah menjadi hidrogen
untuk penghematan bahan bakar bensin. Karena proses pembuatan hidrogen dapat
mengakibatkan penipisan lapisan ozon dikarenakan hidrogen menghasilkan gas-gas yang
sangat berbahaya yang dapat mengubah kestabilan iklim global. Gas-gas tersebut seperti
misalnya metana,karbondioksida dll.

2. Each source of energy, however, has an ugly side. Please provide some more information
about advantages and disadvantages of using hydrogen fuel cells.
Answer:

Beberapa manfaat dari sel bahan bakar adalah bahwa hal itu tidak melibatkan
pergerakan secara tradisional (lebih modern) sehingga komplikasi mekanik tradisional yang
minimal. Emisi bahan bakar sel hanya mengeluarkan air dan itu sangat cukup selama operasi.

Beberapa kerugian dari menggunakan sel bahan bakar, sebagai sumber energi adalah
bahwa hal itu mahal terutama untuk digunakan secara berkala seperti halanya penggunaan
platinum.Selain itu, dengan perubahan teknologi mekanik perlahan akan mengakibatkan
banyak orang-orang yang bekerja dalam bidang perawatan kendaraan kehilangan pekerjaan
mereka.

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3. If you were wealthy enough to buy, which one would you take into your serious
consideration to choose: the Toyota Prius (right), a hybrid with a gasoline internal-
combustion engine supplemented by an electric motor, or the company’s experimental
hydrogen fuel-cell SUV (left).
Answer:

Toyota Prius (kanan), hibrida dengan mesin bensin pembakaran internal dilengkapi
dengan motor listrik.

Reading 05:
“HOMEOSTASIS

Based on the reading 05,

1. What is homeostasis?
Answer:

Homeostasis is the property of a system that regulates its internal environment and tends
to maintain a stable, relatively constant condition of properties such as temperature or pH. It
can be either an open or closed system.

2. If our body suffers from the temperature drops, what happens on our body? Please elaborate
it.
Answer:

When body temperature drops due to external cold, an important component of

protection is vaso-constriction of skin and limb blood vessels. This drops the surface
temperature, providing an insulating layer (such as the fat cell layer) between the core
temperature and the external environment.
If your body falls under certain temperature ( i don't exactly how much) your cells start
to die and you can eventually die. When somebody freezes to death - which is called
hypothermia - death usually occurs from cardiac arrhythmia, because the cold slows down
the heart, preventing it from functioning. When our body temperature falls below ninety
degrees Fahrenheit, the heart begins to have difficulty functioning; below eighty-three
degrees Fahrenheit, almost everybody would have a cardiac arrest or death-inducing
arrhythmias.