Professional Documents
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Industrial Growth and Structural Changes
Industrial Growth and Structural Changes
Industrial Growth and Structural Changes
Introduction
30 Tertiary
25 Secondary
Primary
20 GDP
15
10
0
1950-51 to 1960-61 to 1970-71 to 1980-81 to 1990-91 to 2000-01 to
1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01 2007-08
102
Table 4.5a: Gross Domestic Product by Economic Activity (at Constant Prices, 1999-00) in Rs. Crores
Year
Sector
1950-51 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
1. Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing 123129 166477 209344 243421 339893 445403 473249 438967 482677 482910 511114 531315 557122 566045
1.1 Agriculture 108374 149838 186668 220624 311500 407176 433475 398206 441360 441647 467984 487010 511274 N.A.
1.2 Forestry & Logging 12542 12876 17355 15796 16280 18399 18964 19090 18872 19276 19536 20005 20432 N.A.
1.3 Fishing 2213 3763 5321 7001 12113 19828 20810 21671 22444 21987 23594 24300 25416 N.A.
2. Mining & Quarrying 3178 5478 8019 12921 29014 42589 43335 47168 48626 52591 55164 60038 61999 64244
3. Manufacturing 20463 36466 59653 88740 161979 284571 291803 311685 332363 361115 393842 440193 476303 487739
3.1 Registered 8659 17272 31741 45773 101467 186570 195107 209909 224919 245343 268100 299329 321985 N.A.
3.2 Unregistered 11804 19194 27912 42967 60512 98001 96696 101776 107444 115772 125742 140864 154318 N.A.
4. Elec. Gas & Water Supply 691 1857 5364 10340 23559 45439 46228 48423 50735 54745 57513 60544 63730 65899
5. Construction 9931 18324 31426 42339 66330 108362 112692 121650 136224 158212 183868 205543 226325 242577
6. Trade, Hotels & Restaurant 18313 30350 48475 73454 130680 267326 293075 313221 344743 371155 409255 451911 497685 525356
6.1 Trade 17017 28188 45052 68233 121048 243505 267382 286060 315240 338283 371568 408235 449001 N.A.
6.2 Hotels & Restaurants 1296 2162 3423 5221 9632 23821 25693 27161 29503 32872 37687 43675 48684 N.A.
7. Transport, Storage & Communication 7582 12894 21749 38543 68089 148324 160772 183471 211627 244694 281144 326985 377713 429233
7.1 Railways 3129 4934 7442 10278 15832 21996 23535 24864 26336 28257 30731 33800 36941 N.A.
7.2 Transport by Other Means 3629 6548 11661 23122 43378 88735 92311 101779 113907 127743 138371 150524 162132 N.A.
7.3 Storage 214 278 363 875 1221 1514 1523 1421 1493 1695 1716 1770 1746 N.A.
7.4 Communication 610 1134 2283 4268 7658 36079 43403 55407 69891 86999 110326 140891 176894 N.A.
8. Financing, Insurance, Real Estate &
16705 22631 32065 48067 114670 243048 260737 281550 297250 323080 359888 409472 457584 493356
Business Services
8.1 Banking & Insurance 2239 4432 8288 15538 42684 103571 113036 125845 128659 139940 159881 192329 221884 N.A.
8.2 Real Estate, Ownership of Dwellings,
14466 18199 23777 32529 71986 139477 147701 155705 168591 183140 200007 217143 235700 N.A.
Business & Legal Services
9. Community, Social & Personal
24388 34625 57421 84095 149357 279239 290715 302153 318514 340266 364313 385118 411256 464926
Services
9.1 Public Administration & Defence 6225 10258 21861 36813 68967 124700 128351 130409 133789 142446 149473 155453 162034 N.A.
9.2 Other Services 18163 24367 35560 47282 80390 154539 162364 171744 184725 197820 214840 229665 249222 N.A.
108357 186430 197260 204828 222275 238876 261610 287111 312971
10. GDP at Factor Cost (1 to 9) 224380 329102 473516 641920 3339375
1 1 6 8 9 8 1 9 7
Source: Government of India (2010), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, www.mospi.gov.in
109
Table 4.5b: Percentage Distribution of Various Sectors and Sub-Sectors of Economy in Total GDP
Year
Sector
1950-51 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
1. Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing 54.88 50.59 44.21 37.92 31.37 23.89 23.99 21.43 21.72 20.22 19.54 18.51 17.80 16.95
1.1 Agriculture 48.30 45.53 39.42 34.37 28.75 21.84 21.97 19.44 19.86 18.49 17.89 16.96 16.34 0.00
1.2 Forestry & Logging 5.59 3.91 3.67 2.46 1.50 0.99 0.96 0.93 0.85 0.81 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.00
1.3 Fishing 0.99 1.14 1.12 1.09 1.12 1.06 1.05 1.06 1.01 0.92 0.90 0.85 0.81 0.00
2. Mining & Quarrying 1.42 1.66 1.69 2.01 2.68 2.28 2.20 2.30 2.19 2.20 2.11 2.09 1.98 1.92
3. Manufacturing 9.12 11.08 12.60 13.82 14.95 15.26 14.79 15.22 14.95 15.12 15.05 15.33 15.22 14.61
3.1 Registered 3.86 5.25 6.70 7.13 9.36 10.01 9.89 10.25 10.12 10.27 10.25 10.43 10.29 0.00
3.2 Unregistered 5.26 5.83 5.89 6.69 5.58 5.26 4.90 4.97 4.83 4.85 4.81 4.91 4.93 0.00
4. Elec. Gas & Water Supply 0.31 0.56 1.13 1.61 2.17 2.44 2.34 2.36 2.28 2.29 2.20 2.11 2.04 1.97
5. Construction 4.43 5.57 6.64 6.60 6.12 5.81 5.71 5.94 6.13 6.62 7.03 7.16 7.23 7.26
6. Trade, Hotels & Restaurant 8.16 9.22 10.24 11.44 12.06 14.34 14.86 15.29 15.51 15.54 15.64 15.74 15.90 15.73
6.1 Trade 7.58 8.57 9.51 10.63 11.17 13.06 13.55 13.97 14.18 14.16 14.20 14.22 14.35 0.00
6.2 Hotels & Restaurants 0.58 0.66 0.72 0.81 0.89 1.28 1.30 1.33 1.33 1.38 1.44 1.52 1.56 0.00
7. Transport, Storage & Communication 3.38 3.92 4.59 6.00 6.28 7.96 8.15 8.96 9.52 10.24 10.75 11.39 12.07 12.85
7.1 Railways 1.39 1.50 1.57 1.60 1.46 1.18 1.19 1.21 1.18 1.18 1.17 1.18 1.18 0.00
7.2 Transport by Other Means 1.62 1.99 2.46 3.60 4.00 4.76 4.68 4.97 5.12 5.35 5.29 5.24 5.18 0.00
7.3 Storage 0.10 0.08 0.08 0.14 0.11 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.00
7.4 Communication 0.27 0.34 0.48 0.66 0.71 1.94 2.20 2.71 3.14 3.64 4.22 4.91 5.65 0.00
8. Financing, Insurance, Real Estate &
7.44 6.88 6.77 7.49 10.58 13.04 13.22 13.75 13.37 13.52 13.76 14.26 14.62 14.77
Business Services
8.1 Banking & Insurance 1.00 1.35 1.75 2.42 3.94 5.56 5.73 6.14 5.79 5.86 6.11 6.70 7.09 0.00
8.2 Real Estate, Ownership of Dwellings,
6.45 5.53 5.02 5.07 6.64 7.48 7.49 7.60 7.58 7.67 7.65 7.56 7.53 0.00
Business & Legal Services
9. Community, Social & Personal
10.87 10.52 12.13 13.10 13.78 14.98 14.74 14.75 14.33 14.24 13.93 13.41 13.14 13.92
Services
9.1 Public Administration & Defence 2.77 3.12 4.62 5.73 6.36 6.69 6.51 6.37 6.02 5.96 5.71 5.41 5.18 0.00
9.2 Other Services 8.09 7.40 7.51 7.37 7.42 8.29 8.23 8.38 8.31 8.28 8.21 8.00 7.96 0.00
10. GDP at Factor Cost (1 to 9) 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Source: www.mospi.gov.in
110
Employment Structure
that did the share of services increase but in India, the share
of manufacturing did not increase much. The process of
structural change has been characterized by a decline in the
share of agriculture GDP and an increase in the share of GDP
from services. Secondly, the changing shares of the three
sectors in GDP have mirrored in the changing share of
employment/labour force in these three sectors. In India, on
the other hand, the changing shares of sectoral GDP have not
been mirrored by the changes in the labour force shares.
Agriculture, Hunting
4.63 5.56 5.40 5.14 5.02 4.83 5.06 4.93 4.96 4.69 4.75 4.71
etc.
Mining & Quarrying 8.18 9.99 9.93 9.24 8.75 8.61 8.47 10.30 10.14 11.46 11.37 11.21
Manufacturing 15.02 18.52 17.38 15.31 14.30 13.50 12.60 11.89 11.30 10.92 10.87 10.44
Construction 10.89 11.49 11.59 10.92 10.81 10.26 9.48 9.32 9.11 8.94 8.66 8.52
Transport, Storage
27.09 30.56 30.92 30.77 30.42 30.09 29.39 28.15 27.51 26.75 26.37 26.34
and Communications
Financing, Insurance,
Real Estate & 7.48 11.94 12.80 12.96 12.81 12.30 13.77 14.08 14.08 13.90 13.69 13.47
Business Services
Community, Social
73.55 92.27 95.20 97.71 98.30 97.35 96.09 92.76 92.52 91.76 90.90 88.54
and Personal Services
Total 154.84 190.58 194.29 193.14 191.38 187.73 185.80 181.97 180.07 178.73 176.88 172.84
Industry 1981 1991 1996 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Agriculture, Hunting
8.58 8.91 9.19 9.04 9.31 8.55 8.95 9.17 9.83 10.28 9.50 9.92
etc.
Mining & Quarrying 1.30 1.00 1.07 0.81 0.79 0.68 0.66 0.65 0.79 0.95 1.00 1.11
Manufacturing 45.45 44.81 50.49 50.85 50.13 48.67 47.44 44.89 44.89 45.49 47.50 49.7
Construction 0.72 0.73 0.53 0.57 0.57 0.56 0.44 0.45 0.49 0.55 0.70 0.69
Transport, Storage
0.60 0.53 0.60 0.70 0.76 0.76 0.79 0.81 0.85 0.87 1.00 1.04
and Communications
Financing, Insurance,
Real Estate & 1.96 2.54 3.06 3.58 3.70 3.91 4.26 4.58 5.23 6.52 8.80 10.96
Business Services
Community, Social
12.22 14.85 16.58 17.23 17.34 17.42 17.56 17.92 18.20 18.78 19.50 21.73
and Personal Services
Total 73.95 76.77 85.12 86.46 86.52 84.32 84.21 82.46 84.52 87.71 92.40 98.38
Output Disposition
Final Use
Input Structure
Thus the service sector has very high value added component
as compared to the commodities. Further, the service sector has
backward multiplier effect on the service sector and in the long run
it hampers the growth of commodity sector.
Inter-Industry Transactions
within itself.
has been 72.0 per cent of the total output, which is higher than the
per cent, 71.7 per cent, 76.2 per cent respectively. The GVA-output
cent, 25 per cent to 25 per cent and 81.7 per cent to 81.7 per cent
gone down, while that of other services have gone down from 67 per
communication and trade‟ sector for 2006-07 (31 percent) has gone
down from that of 36.7 per cent during 1993-94, which has been
39.2, 37.8 and 30.7 percent in the years 1983-84, 1978-79 and
Conclusion