SUMBER EMISI DAN POTENSI REDUKSI EMISI GRK

KEGIATAN INDUSTRI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT

Tantangan Implementasi NDC dan Peluang Peningkatan Ambisi Jangka Panjang

Menuju Tahun 2050 Yang Sejalan Dengan Perjanjian Paris,
Bogor 26 Februari 2021

Retno Gumilang Dewi

Kepala Pusat Kebijakan Keenergian - Institut Teknologi Bandung
 Tantangan Dalam Implementasi NDC dan Peluang Peningkatan Ambisi Jangka Panjang Menuju
Tahun 2050 Yang Sejalan Dengan Perjanjian Paris, Bogor 26 Februari 2021

Preliminary Study

LONG-TERM STRATEGY
To ACHIEVE

DKI JAKARTA’s LOW

CARBON SOCIETY 2050

This Study is Supported by :

CREP-ITB
2
OUTLINE

 The Importance of Low Carbon Development for DKI Jakarta

 GHGs emission Profile and Energy Demand Profile of DKI Jakarta

 Modeling to estimate GHGs emission reduction potential

 Projection on Energy Demand and The Associated GHGs Emission

 Breakdown of GHGs emission reduction target in 2030 and 2050

3
The Importance of Low Carbon Development for DKI Jakarta

4
 NDC Critically insufficient ❑ Capital city in Indonesia
DKI JAKARTA ❑ High economic activity
❑ Very dense city’s
population of 15,804
Highly insufficient persons/1 km2 (with 1%
population growth
❑ More than 10.5 million
Insufficient population living in 662
km2 of land area and
2°C compatible 6,977 km2 of sea area
❑ High motorized vehicle
1.5°C Paris density (cars and
Agreement motorcycles)
compatible ❑ Limited public transport
infrastructure.

3,000
GHG Emission Projection (Mton CO2e)

2,500 In support of the

National GHGs emission
Forestry reduction
2,000
Agriculture
1,500
NDC IPPU
The Government of Indonesia (GOI) is committed to reduce the
1,000 national GHGs emission level by:
Target
Waste
500 CM1 : 29% below its baseline emission in 2030 (unconditional)
Energy CM2: 41% below its baseline emission in 2030 (conditional), if
-
BAU BAU CM1 CM2 there are international supports.
2010 2030

5
 GHGs Emission Reduction Target

2030
2050

RAN GRK of Nationally Determined

Presidential
decree No. Contribution Long-term Strategy
61/2011. (NDC) (LTS)

❑ DKI Jakarta is preparing its

Provincial Low Carbon
RAD-GRK of DKI Jakarta No. Development Strategy
131/2012.
(LCDS)
DKI Jakarta has already set 30%
emission reduction target in 2030
comparison with BaU level

Draft of RAD-GRK 2020-2030

Draft of the Governor Regulation Low Carbon Society (LCS)

RAD-GRK DKI Jakarta

6
 GHGs Emission Profiles
Historical GHG Inventory Projections, BaU

GHGs emission in 2010 GHGs emission in 2018 GHGs emission in 2030 GHGs emission in 2050
110 200
70 70
GHGs emission level, Mton CO2e

100 180

GHGs emission level, Mton CO2e

GHGs emission level, Mton CO2e

GHGs emission level, Mton CO2e

60 60 90
160
80
50 50 140
70
120
40 40 60
50 100
30 30
40 80
20 20 30 60
20 40
10 10
10
20
- - 0
0

Coal Oil Gas Biofuel Indirect from electricity Coal Oil Gas Biofuel Indirect from electricity Coal Oil Gas Biofuel Indirect from electricity Coal Oil Gas Biofuel Indirect from electricity

❑ End-use sector: more than half of direct combustion emissions are from fuel consumption
❑The power plants (Muara Karang and Tj.Priok) are under the
in transportation
authority of PLN (national electricity company) as these
plants are grid-connected (JAMALI grid). However GHGs ❑ Emissions from indirect (electricity supply) in base year (2010) are accounted by
emission from fuel burning are released in DKI Jakarta transportation (0.2%), residential (39.4%), industry (16.9%), commercial (43.6%). The
projection showed that commercial sector (60.7%) will surpass the residential (23.6%) in
❑Indirect GHGs emission from JAMALI grid (Allocation by end- 2050
use sector i.e., transportation, residential, industry, and ❑ Transportation sector is the largest sources of GHG emissions from energy category,
commercial) followed by residential and commercial. However, the projection showed that commercial
sector will surpass the transportation. 7
 Energy Demand Profiles
Historical GHG Inventory Projections, BaU

Energy Demand in 2010 Energy Demand in 2030

10 10 36 36

Primary Energy Demand, Mtoe

Primary Energy Demand, Mtoe
9 9 32 32

Energy Demand, Mtoe

8
Energy Demand, Mtoe

8 28 28
7 7 24 24
6 6 20
20
5 5
16 16
4 4
12 12
3 3
2 8 8
2
1 1 4 4
0 0 0 0
Muara Karang + Muara Karang
Tj.Priok + Tj.Priok

Oil Gas Oil Gas

Coal Oil Gas Biofuel Indirect from electricity Coal Oil Gas Biofuel Indirect from electricity

Energy Demand in 2018 Energy Demand in 2050

10 10 36 36

Primary Energy Demand, Mtoe

Primary Energy Demand, Mtoe

9 9 32 32

Energy Demand, Mtoe

8 8 28
Energy Demand, Mtoe

28
7 7 24 24
6 6
20 20
5 5
16
4 4 16
12
3 3 12
2 8
2 8
1 4
1 4
0 0
0 0
Muara Karang + Muara Karang +
Tj.Priok Tj.Priok

Oil Gas Coal Oil Gas Biofuel Indirect from electricity

Coal Oil Gas Biofuel Indirect from electricity Oil Gas
8
Modeling to estimate GHG emissions reduction potential

9
 General Concept of GHGs emission reduction

❑Illustration of baseline emission levels, mitigation and reduction ❑Illustration of calculated emission levels for mitigation actions

GHGs emission, Mton CO2e

GHGs emission
GHGs emission level of Baseline Total reduction of
level, Mton CO2e industry initiatives
GHGs (project and non-
emission Reduction from project)
Reduction mitigation project

Even though no action /

mitigation project in 2015
Baseline and 2016, total reduction
GHGs emission is still remained and
level of Mitigation reported

Year Base year

Year
Historical 2010 2013 2014 2015 2016

Base Year
There are
(2010) There are mitigation actions organized/planned
by individual/ group initiatives mitigation actions, RAD
(non-project) projects, etc.

10
 Methodology:
ExSS

1. 2. 3.
Setting Collection of Collection
Framework the base of LC
year Measures
information Information

5. 4.
Estimation of Estimation of
Snapshots WITH Snapshots
LC Measures WITHOUT LC
Measures

1. Driving Force Settings

2. Final Energy Demand
3. Primary Energy Demand
4. GHGs emission

11
 Assumption of Modelling

Unit 2010 2030 2050 2030/2010 2050/2010 25,000

1.17 1.24
Population Persons 9,640,400 11,310,000 11,914,751 21,193
1.17 1.30 20,000
No. of households Households 2,416,000 2,834,000 3,135,000

Gross output, Bil. Rp

2.86 9.16
GDP mil. Rp 1,075,761 3,073,233 9,856,274
15,000
Gross output Bil.Rp 2,309 6,608 21,193 2.86 9.18
Primary industry 70.481 194.860 624.944 2.77 8.86
Secondary industry 958.496 2,737 8,777 2.85 9.16 10,000

Tertiary industry 1,280 3,676 11,791 2.87 9.21 6,608

3.06 9.80
Gross capital formation mil. Rp 136,947 418,655 1,342,683 5,000
2,309
Export mil. Rp 473,891 1,135,113 3,640,460 2.39 7.68
Import mil. Rp 704,743 2,166,537 6,948,378 3.07 9.86 0
2010 2030 2050
Transport demand Commercial Construction
3.08 3.60 Manufacturing Transportation
Passenger transport bil. Pass -km 84.328 259.360 303.704 Energy-Mining-Utility Agro-Anim-Fish
Cement Pulp & Paper
4.57 14.65
Freight transport bil. Ton-km 2.943 13.440 43.104 Chemicals Iron & Steel

12
Projections on Energy Demand and The Associated
GHG Emissions

To estimate GHG emission reduction potential from DKI Jakarta

13
 DKI JAKARTA Circumstances & Development Trends

7 BaU vs Mitigation (CM) The results show:

❑ Economic Growth Means Greater Access
6 for Energy, considering the use of
2010 2030 2050 baseline technologies, this could lead to
a climb in future energy related
5
value of base year 2010=1

emissions.
❑ Main driver of GHG emissions over the
4 past decade has been economic activity,
which increased at a rate of 5% to 6%
3 per year, in which it will kept at 6%
(2030 to 2050)
2 ❑ Decreasing energy use per GDP in CM
scenario (compared to BaU scenario)
indicated that the results are from (i)
1
improvement of efficiency, (ii) fuel
switching (diesel oil to gas), iii)
- renewable energy use (bio-fuel), iv)
BaU CM BaU CM BaU CM BaU CM
mode shift transportation, promotion of
Pop GDP/Cap Final energy, non Final energy, GHG, non-electricity/Cap GHG, electricity/Cap solar PV, implementation power
electricity/Cap electricity/Cap generation by waste and landfill gas
fuel, and waste treatment (solid waste
Projections on population, GDP, final energy, GHGs emission for base year (2010), 2030, and 2050
and wastewater).

14
 Energy Demand of DKI Jakarta
Final Energy Demand by sub-sector
36

32
Final Energy Demand, Mtoe

28 Primary Energy Demand by type of energy

24 6

Primary Energy Demand, Mtoe

20 5
16
4
12

8 5.743 3
4
2
0
BaU CM BaU CM
1
2010 2030 2050
Transportation 2.427 7.451 5.795 9.382 3.681
0
Industry 1.205 2.809 2.401 7.816 6.233 BaU CM BaU CM
Residential 1.145 3.192 2.848 5.220 4.366 2010 2030 2050
Commercial 0.966 3.538 2.883 9.843 7.826 biofuel - - 0.093 - 0.093
waste - 0.460 - 0.460

Final Energy Demand by type of energy gas 1.506 1.506 4.036 1.506 4.036
36 oil 1.321 3.285 0.007 3.285 0.007
Final Energy Demand, Mtoe

32 coal - - - - -
28
24
20
16
12
5.743
8 ❑ The primary energy used to supply energy demand in
4 power generation is still dominated by oil in BaU scenario.
0
BaU CM BaU CM ❑ The projections on CM scenario showed that there is a
2010 2030 2050
shift energy use, from oil to gas.
coal 0.019 0.076 0.068 0.212 -
biofuel 0.023 0.023 3.037 0.023 2.344
gas 1.041 1.877 2.359 2.654 5.004
oil 2.613 8.689 2.652 14.014 0.058
electricity 2.045 6.324 5.810 15.357 14.701
15
 GHGs Emission of DKI Jakarta
GHGs emission from energy by sub-sector 20 GHGs emission from Power Sector
GHGs Emission Level, Mton CO2e

180
165.274

GHGS Emission Level, Mton CO2e

160 18
140 121.804 16
120 14
100
83.237 12
80 61.548
60 10
40 28.249 8
20 6
0
BaU CM BaU CM 4
2010 2030 2050 2
Transportation 7.535 23.244 13.189 29.279 19.478
0
Industry 5.170 12.704 9.213 34.533 22.448 BaU CM BaU CM
Residential 7.614 19.832 17.059 31.087 24.761 2010 2030 2050
Commercial 7.931 27.457 22.087 70.374 55.116 Power Generation 7.213 19.029 9.844 19.029 9.817

GHGs emission from energy by type of energy

180 GHGs emission from waste sector

GHGs Emission Level (Mton CO2e)

53.939
GHG Emission Level, Mton CO2e

160 6
140
49.281
120 5
100 44.856
80 4
42.613
60
40 28.249 3
20
0 2
Baseline CM1 Baseline CM1
2010 2030 2050 1
biomass
biofuel 0.001 0.001 0.156 0.001 0.120 0
coal 0.081 0.320 0.285 0.892 - BaU CM BaU CM
gas 2.630 4.821 6.008 6.826 12.611 2010 2030 2050
oil 8.172 27.165 8.295 43.798 0.182 Domestic waste water 0.949 1.207 1.178 1.299 1.267
electricity 17.365 50.929 46.805 113.757 108.890 Domestic solid waste 1.499 3.026 1.626 3.942 1.251
16
GHGs emission Mitigation Action

Low Carbon Development Pathway of DKI Jakarta

17
 GHG Emissions Reduction Target in Energy Sector
ENERGY
21.689 Mton CO2e

Public LED Lighting & Public

Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy Clean Energy Fuel Switching Mode Shift
Lighting Solar PV
10.906 Mton CO2e 9.268 Mton CO2e 0.382 Mton CO2e 0.427 Mton CO2e 0.702 Mton CO2e 0.004 Mton CO2e

Savings on Electricity
Consumption from Public
LED Lighting and Public
Residential 2.773 Industry 1.684 Transportation 1.194 Industry 1.425 Commercial 0.115 Transportation 7.728 Industry 0.382 Transportation 0.427 Transportation 0.702 Lighting Solar PV System

Commercial 5.255
Energy Saving Energy Saving The use of Bio-fuel The use of Bio-fuel The use of Bio-fuel The use of Gas The use of Electric Mode Shift from
Industry: Transportation: Industry: Commercial: Transportation: Industry: Vehicle Individual Vehicle to
Energy Saving Energy Efficiency Device Transport Rejuvenation Substitution of Diesel Substitution of Diesel Substitution of Diesel Substitution of Diesel Transportation: Mass or Public
Residential: (Boilers, Electric Motors, And Flue Gas Emission Oil of Bio-fuel Oil of Bio-fuel Oil of Bio-fuel Oil to Gas Electric Automobile and Transport
Lighting, Air Conditioner, and Lighting), and Testing Electric Motorcycle Transportation:
Refrigeration Industrial Energy BRT
Management Systems MRT and LRT
Commercial: Electric Train
Green Building Regulation &
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Certification For Commercial
track
Building

ENERGY
43.470 Mton CO2e

Public LED Lighting & Public

Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy Clean Energy Fuel Switching Mode Shift
Lighting Solar PV
33.312 Mton CO2e 7.129 Mton CO2e 1.850 Mton CO2e 0.04 Mton CO2e 1.135 Mton CO2e 0.004 Mton CO2e

Savings on Electricity
Consumption from Public
LED Lighting and Public
Residential 6.326 Industry 6.506 Transportation 5.542 Industry 3.729 Commercial 0.320 Transportation 3.080 Industry 1.850 Transportation 0.04 Transportation 1.135 Lighting Solar PV System

Commercial 14.938 Energy Saving Mode Shift from

Energy Saving The use of Bio-fuel The use of Bio-fuel The use of Bio-fuel The use of Gas The use of Electric
Industry: Transportation: Industry: Commercial: Transportation: Industry: Vehicle Individual Vehicle to
Energy Saving Energy Efficiency Device Transport Rejuvenation Substitution of Diesel Substitution of Diesel Substitution of Diesel Substitution of Diesel Transportation: Mass or Public
Residential: (Boilers, Electric Motors, And Flue Gas Emission Oil of Bio-fuel Oil of Bio-fuel Oil of Bio-fuel Oil to Gas Electric Automobile and Transport
Lighting, Air Conditioner, and Lighting), and Testing Electric Motorcycle Transportation:
Refrigeration Industrial Energy BRT
Management Systems MRT and LRT
Commercial: Electric Train
Green Building Regulation & Pedestrian and Bicycle
Certification For Commercial track
Building

18
 GHG Emissions Reduction Target in Power Generation

Power Plant Power Plant

9.185 Ribu ton CO2e 9.212 Mton CO2e

Energy Efficiency Fuel Switching Renewable Energy Energy Efficiency Fuel Switching Renewable Energy
3.381 Mton CO2e 4.814 Mton CO2e 0.991 Mton CO2e 3.381 Mton CO2e 4.814 Mton CO2e 1.017 Mton CO2e

Muara Karang
Muara Karang Muara Karang - Rooftop Solar PV in
Muara Karang - Rooftop Solar PV in
Gas Fired Power Plant Gas Fired Power Plant Substitution of Fuel Oil Government and
Substitution of Fuel Oil Government and
to Combined Cycle to Combined Cycle to Gas Commercial Buildings
to Gas Commercial Buildings
Power Plant Power Plant
Tanjung Priok - Power Generation by Tanjung Priok - Power Generation by
Substitution of Fuel Oil Waste Incineration and Substitution of Fuel Oil Waste Incineration and
to Gas Landfill Gas Fuel to Gas Landfill Gas Fuel

-Substitution of Diesel -Substitution of Diesel

Oil to Bio-diesel in Oil to Bio-diesel in
Dispersed Power Plant Dispersed Power Plant
(Seribu Island, GBK, (Seribu Island, GBK,
Senayan, and Senayan, and
Commercial Generator Commercial Generator
Set) Set)

19
 GHG Emissions Reduction Target in Waste Sector

Waste
1.429 Mton CO2e

Domestic Wastewater
Solid Waste Treatment
Treatment
1.401 Mton CO2e 0.028 Mton CO2e

Paper 3R (Reduce, Integrated Sludge Treatment

Composting 0.038 3R Kertas 0.005
5 LFG Recovery 0.0066 Waste power plant 1.352 3R Kertas 0.0275 LFG Recovery 0.001
6
Reuse, Recycle) WWTP Plant

Waste
2.724 Mton CO2e

Domestic Wastewater
Solid Waste Treatment
Treatment
2.691 Mton CO2e 0.033 Mton CO2e

Paper 3R (Reduce, Integrated Sludge Treatment

Composting 0.058 3R Kertas 50.011 LFG Recovery 0.0066 Waste power plant 2.616 3R Kertas 0.0325 LFG Recovery 60.001
Reuse, Recycle) WWTP Plant

20
Energy Sector Mitigation Sub-sector Action
Implementation
2030 2050
Energy efficiency Transportation Transport rejuvenation % 18 75
Industry Heat/furnace, electric motor, and lighting % 50 75
Commercial Air conditioner % 84 100
Water heater % 20 75
energy user equipment % 20 75
LED lighting % 100 100
Refrigeration % 68 100
Others % 20 75
Residential Air conditioner % 84 100
Water heater % 18 75
energy user equipment % 18 75
Roadmap for LED lighting
Refrigeration
%
%
100
68
100
100
Mitigation Action Clean Energy
Others
Substitution of oil fuel to gas
%
ktoe
18
579.11
75
2,332.94
in 2030 and 2050 BRT Mode shift to BRT public transport mil.passenger.k 2,236 5,582
m
MRT & LRT Mode shift to MRT & LRT public transport mil.passenger.k 5,921 8,371
m
Electric Train Mode shift to Electric train mil.passenger.k 6,839 13,574
m
Non-motorized Pedestrian & bicycle track % 0.5 1

Electric vehicle Transport (Electric vehicle and electric % 100 100

motorcycle)
Rooftop Solar PV Rooftop solar PV installation on commercial MW 10 20
buildings
Biofuel Transportation The use of bio-fuel B100 B100
Industry The use of bio-fuel B100 B100
Commercial The use of bio-fuel B100 B100

21
Power Generation
Roadmap for Mitigation Action
in 2030 and 2050
❑ Power Generation by Waste
❑ Power Plant Energy Type Unit 2030 2050
Sunter Waste (2300 ton/day) MW 43 43
Plant Unit 2030 2050 Cakung Waste(1300 ton/day) MW 24 24
Muara Karang MFO TJ 0 0 Rawa Buaya Waste (1200 ton/day) MW 24 24
HSD TJ 61 61 Cilincing Waste(1200 ton/day) MW 24 24
IDO TJ 0 0 Production capacity (Utilization of 0.8) MW 2115 2115
Gas TJ 89,300 89,300
Total TJ 89,361 89,361 Bantar Gebang Waste (100 ton/day)

Production MWh 9,983,216 9,983,216 Production capacity (Utilization of 0.8) MW 7 7

Efficiency % 40.22% 40.22% Total capacity 122 122

MWh 186,300 186,300 Electricity generation/year MWh 1,070,667 1,070,667

Own used
Assumption: HHV 10 MJ/kg, conversion efficiency 20%, utilization factor 0.8
Capacity MW 2,100 2,100
❑ Waste to RDF
Tanjung Priok MFO TJ 0 0
Unit 2030 2050
HSD TJ 230 230 RDF (3000 RDF (4000
IDO TJ 0 0 Bantar Gebang RDF for cement industry Ton/day
ton/day) ton/day)
Gas TJ 79,674 79,674
Total TJ 79,903 79,903 ❑ Power Generation by Landfill Gas Fuel
Production MWh 9,148,271 9,148,271 LFG Recovery Unit 2030 2050
Capacity MW 2 x 4MW 2 x 4MW
Efficiency % 41.22% 41.22% Electricity production MWh 56,064 56,064

Own used MWh 190,525 190,525

GHGs emission reduction from mitigation actions in Muara Karang and Tanjung Priok
Capacity MW 2,723 2,723 power plants are classified as NPS (Non-Party Stakeholder). However, these efforts can be
used to meet the Government of Indonesia / Party Stakeholder (PS) commitments.
22
Waste Sector
Roadmap for Mitigation Action
in 2030 and 2050

❑ Domestic Solid Waste ❑ Domestic Wastewater

3,500,000 200,000

3,000,000
Domestic Sokid waste (Million ton)

150,000

BOD Domestic Wastewater

2,500,000

(million ton BOD)

2,000,000
100,000
1,500,000

1,000,000
50,000

500,000

0 0
BaU CM BaU CM BaU CM BaU CM
2010 2030 2050 2010 2030 2050
Power generation by waste 0 0 2106000 0 2256000 Sludge Removal 0 0 114 0 153
3R 0 0 6000 0 10000 Centrallized Aerobic 0 0 10867 0 12617
Composting 0 0 41000 0 60658 Non Septic tank 9342 5350 5350 0 0
Landfill 1873055 3008460 855460 3302769 976111 Septic tank 130931 159776 148795 173955 161185

23
 Breakdown of GHGs Emission Reduction Target

2030 2050
Wastewater Treatment 0.028 Wastewater Treatment 0.033

Solid Waste Treatment 1.400 Solid Waste Treatment 2.691

Rooftop Solar PV system Rooftop Solar PV system 0.042

0.015 32.203 Mton CO2e 55.405Mton CO2e
The Use of Bio-fuel in Disperge Power Plant (Seribu Island) 0.087 (30% of 106.499 MTon CO2e in BaU) The Use of Bio-fuel in Disperge Power Plant (Seribu Island) 0.087 (29.23 % of 189.544 MTon CO2e in BaU)
Biofuel in Disperge Power Plant GBK,senayan, and… 0.111 Biofuel in Disperge Power Plant GBK,senayan, and commercial… 0.111

Power Generator by Landfill Gas Fuel 0.039 Power Generator by Landfill Gas Fuel 0.039

Power Generation by Waste Incineration 0.739 Power Generation by Waste Incineration 0.739

Fuel Switching (Oil to Gas) in Tanjung Priok Power Plant 3.977 Fuel Switching (Oil to Gas) in Tanjung Priok Power Plant 3.977

Fuel Switching (Oil to Gas) in Muara Karang Power Plant 0.837 Fuel Switching (Oil to Gas) in Muara Karang Power Plant 0.837

Technology Efficiency in Muara Karang Power Plant 3.381 Technology Efficiency in Muara Karang Power Plant 3.381

Non-Motorized (Pedestrian & Bicycle track) 0.116 Non-Motorized (Pedestrian & Bicycle track) 0.227

Electric Train 0.315 Electric Train 0.528

MRT & LRT 0.162 MRT & LRT 0.195

BRT (Mode Shift & Electrification) 0.110 BRT (Mode Shift & Electrification) 0.184

Transport Electrification (Electric vehicle & Electic motor) 0.427 Transport Electrification (Electric vehicle & Electic motor) 0.040

Bio-fuel Mandatory in Commercial 0.115 Bio-fuel Mandatory in Commercial 0.320

Bio-fuel Mandatory in Transportation 7.728 Bio-fuel Mandatory in Transportation 3.080

Bio-fuel Mandatory in Industry 1.425 Bio-fuel Mandatory in Industry 3.729

JARGAS Programme in Industry 0.382 JARGAS Programme in Industry 1.850

Public LED Lighting & Public Lighting Solar PV 0.004

Public LED Lighting & Public Lighting Solar PV 0.004

Transpot Rejuvination & Flue Gas Emission Testing 1.194

Transpot Rejuvination & Flue Gas Emission Testing 5.542

Energy Efficiency Device in Industry (Boiler, Electric Motor,… 1.684

Energy Efficiency Device in Industry (Boiler, Electric Motor, and… 6.506

Labelling Programme (Lighting, Air Conditioner, Refrigeration) 2.773

Labelling Programme (Lighting, Air Conditioner, Refrigeration) 6.326

Green Building Regulation & Sertification for Commercial… 5.255

Green Building Regulation & Sertification for Commercial Building 14.938

- 4 8 - 4 8 12 16
Mton CO2e Mton CO2e

24
 Emission reduction achieved (2018) vs emission reduction target in Energy Sector

50

Public LED Lighting & public Solar PV lighting system

45
Non-Motorized (Bicycle track & Pedestrian track policy )

40 Electric Train

MRT & LRT

35
BRT (Moda Shift & Electrification)
Reduction, Mton CO2e

30
Electrification on Transportation (Electric vehicle & electic
motor)
25 Emission reduction Jargas Programme in Industry
achieved in 2018 is 7,37% Biofuel Mandatory in Commercial
of reduction target in
20
2030 Biofuel Mandatory in Industry

15 Biofuel Mandatory in Transportation

Green Building Regulation & Sertification for Commercial

10 Building
Energy Efficiency Device in Industry (Boiler, Electric
Motor), Energy Management Programme
5 Labelling Programme (Lighting, Air Conditioner,
Refrigeration)
Transpot Rejuvination & Flue Gas Emission Test
0
2018 2030 2050

25
 Emission reduction achieved (2018) vs emission reduction target in Power Sector
10
GHGs emission reduction
achieved in 2018 is 83,56% Decreased on use and losses at the plant
9 of reduction target in 2030

8 Rooftop Solar PV system

7 Biofuel in Disperge Power Plant (Seribu

Island)
Reduction, Mton CO2e

6 Biofuel in Disperge Power Plant (16 MW GBK

dan Commercial Building)
5 Power generation by landfill gas fuel

4 Power generation by waste

3 Fuel Switch (Oil to Gas) Tanjung Priok Power

Plant
2 Fuel Switch (Oil to Gas) Muara Karang Power
Plant
1 Technology Efficiency in Muara Karang Power
Plant
0
2018 2030 2050

26
 Emission reduction achieved (2018) vs emission reduction target in Waste Sector

2.5
Reduction, Mton CO2e

2
Emission reduction achieved in
2018 is 4.81% of reduction
target in 2030
1.5 Solid Waste Treatment
Domestic Wastewater Treatment

0.5

0
2018 2030 2050

27
 Emission reduction achieved (2018) vs emission reduction target by Sector
60

Reduction in 2018 compared with reduction target in 2030

50 100%

90%

40 80%
Reduction, Mton CO2e

70%
30 60%

GHGs emission reduction 50%

20 achieved in 2018 is 28.9%
of 32.203 Mton CO2e 40%
(emission target in 2030)
28.9%
30% 26.5%
10
20%

10%
0
2018 2030 2050
0%
Waste Sector 0.069 1.429 2.723
2018 2018
Power Sector 7.675 9.185 9.212
Energy Sector 1.598 21.689 43.470 RAD-GRK No.131/2012 (Draft of RAD-GRK 2020-2030)

❑ The largest GHGs emission reduction achieved in 2018 is power sector followed by energy and waste
❑ GHGs emission reduction target obtained from energy sector (67.35%), power (28.52%), and waste (4.13%) in 2030
❑ GHGs emission reduction target obtained from energy sector (76.44%), power (16.2%), and waste (7.36%) in 2050

28
 Sector LCS mitigation actions Priority Action by ICLEI
Energy Monitoring and Appreciation of Energy Saving Efforts
Mitigation Actions
Education and Campaign of Energy Saving Behavior
Green Building Regulation & Certification for
Implementation of Green Building Concept
Commercial Building Sector LCS mitigation actions Priority Action by ECLAI
Training on renewable energy technology
Increased Investment for Renewable Energy Reduce, Sorting and Recycle Waste Management
Labelling Program (Lighting, Air Conditioner, water Implementation of energy saving equipment Provide water depots in public spaces, offices, etc.
Heater Refrigeration)
Socializing and enforcing waste regulation
Energy Efficiency Device in Industry (Boiler, Electric -
Implementation of EPR (Extended Producer
Motor), Energy Management Program
Responsibility)
Public LED Lighting & Public Lighting Solar PV -
3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle) Eco-friendly packaging Innovation
JARGAS (Jaringan gas) Program in Industry -
Bio-fuel Mandatory in Industry - Do not use plastic packaging in general activities
-
Regulation of single-use plastic disposal
Bio-fuel Mandatory in Transportation Using RE in public transportation modes, determining vehicle technology
standards & new types of fuels, including age restrictions on private vehicles
Bio-fuel Mandatory in Commercial - WASTE Use items that can be used repeatedly
Development of Renewable Energy Technology
Electrification of Transportation (Electric Vehicle & Comprehensive use of renewable energy in public transportation, determining Power Generation by Waste Utilizing organic waste for biogas in communal/ area,
electric motor) vehicle technology standards & new types of fuels, and age restrictions of private note: Bio-digester, not yet and Waste to energy (RDF)
vehicles included in LCS)
The mode shift to public transportation Composting -
Electric Train, MRT & LRT, BRT ( Mode Shift &
Sharing transportation (bus for employee, school bus, bus for government Power Generation -
Electrification)
employees, “nebeng-ers” initiative, etc.
Eating food as needed (no leftovers)
ENERGY Conduct mass emission tests for all vehicles (including private vehicles) and Reduce organic waste to
Transport Rejuvenation and Flue Gas Emission Test tightening emission standards landfill / composting facilities
note: 15% of public transportation uses clean energy Improving integrated modes and transportation infrastructure, including can be handled
(RE and electricity), not yet included in LCS supporting facilities for the disabled, the elderly and groups with physical
disabilities
Provide infrastructure for non-motorized transport (especially pedestrians and
bicycle track) and ensuring access for elderly and people with disable, and other
Non-Motorized (Bicycle track & Pedestrian track
physical limitations
policy)
Walk for short distances & the use of other non-motorized transports for medium
distances (i.e. bicycles, skateboards, etc.)
Fuel Switch (Oil to Gas) in Tanjung Priok Power Plant -

Fuel Switch (Oil to Gas) in Muara Karang Power Plant -

Technology Efficiency in Muara Karang Power Plant -
Bio-fuel Use in Disperge Power Plant GBK, Senayan -
and Commercial Generator set)
Bio-fuel Use in Disperge Biofuel Generator (Seribu -
Islands)
Arranged Policy on Facilitate Access of Renewable Energy
Clean Energy Campaign
Rooftop Solar PV System
Training on renewable energy technology
Increased Investment for Renewable Energy
Standard quality restriction for pollutant parameters and the addition of
Pollutant parameter quality standard in the Industry
monitoring equipment (including flue gas stack audit in industry) 29
 Conclusion and Remarks
The Projections on GHGs emission and its reduction potential

2030 2050 % Reduction

2010
BaU CM BaU CM 2030 2050
CO2 Energy
28.249 83.237 61.548 165.274 121.804 20.37% 22.95%
emission (final)
(Mton Power
7.213 19.029 9.844 19.029 9.817 8.62% 4.86%
CO2e) by plant
sector Waste 2.447 4.233 2.804 5.241 2.518 1.34% 1.44%
Total CO2 emission
37.908 106.499 74.197 189.411 134.140 30.33% 29.23%
(Mton CO2e)
CO2 emission per GDP
35.239 34.654 24.143 19.231 13.609
(tCO2e/mil. Rp)
CO2 emission per capita
3.431 8.188 5.705 13.833 9.790
(tCO2e/person)
C emission per capita
0.936 2.233 1.556 3.773 2.670
(tC/person)

❑ GHGs emission reduction target from energy sector is 21.689 Mton CO2e (67.35% of total reduction target). However GHGs emission
reduction achieved in 2018 is relatively lower than GHGs reduction target in 2030 (7.37% compared with reduction target in 2030 from
energy sector).
❑ There are still rooms for improvement on mitigation action from energy sector and waste sector to achieve GHGs emission reduction
target in 2030 and 2050.
❑ GHGs emission reduction achieved in 2018 is 7.675 Mton CO2e or equivalent with 83.56% of GHGs emission reduction target from
power sector in 2030.
❑ Potential GHG Emissions reduction from waste sector for long-term (2050) need further discussion

30
 THANK YOU

We welcome feedback and suggestion. Please contact us:

Download presentation: http://crep.itb.ac.id/?page_id=735
gelang@che.itb.ac.id or gelangdewi@yahoo.com

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TERIMA KASIH

gelangdewi@gmail.com
gelang@che.itb.ac.id
MEMO

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