1.0 Introduction To The Organization: Business Decision Making

BUSINESS DECISION MAKING October 1, 2010
1.0 Introduction to the organization
ICBT Campus is the education arm of Ceylinco consolidated is also a BOI approved project
formed with a vision of Dr. DeshamanyaLalithKothalawala, Chairman Ceylinco
Consolidated to conduct internationally recognized educational programs at a high standard
for an affordable investment in association with world class universities and educational
institutes.ICBT Campus is the fastest growing private sector educational institution with
high-class standard of education, faculty, facilities and resources.
International College of Business and Technology Ltd. Set up in 2000, this is one of the
leading tertiary education providers in Sri Lanka with the largest number of students in the
private sector higher education category. Popularly known as ICBT Campus, it delivers
Certificate, Diplomas, Pre University programs undergraduate programs, master’s level
programs including Doctorate level programs in association with some of the best
Universities and educational service providers in UK, Australia, Thailand, India and Sweden.
Company Vision:
"To be the leading Higher Education Provider in South Asia."
Company Mission;
Our mission is together with internationally reputed Universities and Educational
Institutes, to provide high quality educational programs, which will enhance the
quality of the human resources available to the job markets at an affordable level,
thereby contributing to the development of economy."
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2.0 Planning process of the survey
Activit Allocated
y name Details of the activity Proceedings time
A Discussion about the topic for the project - 1
B Discussion about the preparation of the questionnaire A 3
C Collection of all the questions B 2
D Organizing the questions B 1
E Finalizing the questionnaire B 1
F Preparing a sample questionnaire E 1
G Printing a sample questionnaire F 1
H Submit the sample questionnaire to the lecturer (Ms. Kalpana) G 1
I Rechecking the printed questionnaire for mistakes and printing them H 3
J Divide the questionnaires equally among the members I 1
K Building up a good strategic plan to distribute the questionnaires J 1
L Distributing the questionnaires among the students and the others K 5
M Collecting all the distributed questionnaires and numbering them K 2
N Feeding the data which are included in the questionnaires to the computer M 1
Analyze the data which are been included in the computer and analyzing
O the data N 3
P Analyzing the conclusions O 1
Q Including the collected information in the assignment report P 1
R Finalizing the report in an effective manner Q 1
2.0.1 CPA Analysis
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September
1st 2nd 3rd 4th

Discussion & finalizing questions

Preparation & printing of sample questionnaire

Submit the sample questionnaires for approval

Distribution& collection of questionnaires
Analysis of questionnaire
Preparation of final report
2.1 Implementation of plan
As shown in the implementation plan we started our project on the second week of
September 2010. The discussion of the questions of the project was done on the first week
which didn’t take a lot of time, this was done with the whole group getting together to make
sure that the proper questions were made.
We prepared a sample questionnaire on the first half of the second week got it printed and
showed Ms. Kalpana for approval on Friday. The third week was spent for the distribution
and collection of questionnaires.
The final week was spent in analyzing data and making decisions. Finally on Friday the 1 st of
October the report was prepared and submitted to the progamme office.
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2.2 Objective of the study

 The main idea of the project is to make good decision making from effective use of
information based on ICBT city campus.
 We are intended to gain practical knowledge by carrying out a survey regarding to
seek data as solutions. In order to find solutions, first we identified the problems and
started collecting primary and secondary information through various sources.
 Examine variety of sources to develop techniques and effective usage of computer
knowledge to utilize information regarding the survey.
 Analyze and produce recommendation and solutions on behalf to overcome the
problem.
2.1.1 Defining the problem
ICBT city campus is trying to develop an in house cafeteria for students, as a marketing tool
to gain more students to the institute. This cafeteria will be a student oriented place where
students can spend their leisure time.
The idea for a in house cafeteria aroused to the management because of the complains made
by students saying that the canteen which is situated now has less space to accommodate
students and has a expensive price for food.
To solve the above problem the management requires a few questions answered such as
1. Food requirements of students
2. Entertaining requirements of students
To get the answers to the above questions we are given a task of conducting a survey to get
data for decision making. A time period of one month is given to finish the survey. The
survey mainly focuses on the students of ICBT city campus who are studying in the Business
management section as well as the IT section.
The first problem is an essential thing for students because they can’t survive without food.
The key difficulty in this question is on selecting the right kind of food. Food can be
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categorized into various categories such as formal food (breakfast, lunch), snacks, deserts &
so on. So to get the right answer the question asked to solve this problem must be effective.
The second question is about solving the entertainment requirements of the students. In this
modern world students are addicted to various technological gadgets such as ipods, PSP,
mobile phones and the list goes on and on. The key difficulty in this question is on selecting
the right kind of entertainment. So to get the correct answer the question must be categorized
to various forms of entertainment such as music, gaming, chatting, etc…
2.1.2 Defining population
ICBT city campus approximately has 500 to 600 students currently studying in the campus
which includes full time and part time students who study in the IT section and the Business
management section. But for this survey, the full time students who study in the IT and
Business management will be selected as the population. The population contains both boys
and girls studying in both sections.
2.1.3 Sampling method

The sampling method used in this survey will be probability sampling multi stage method
because the population is already divided into batches which contains eight IT batches and
eight BM batches for the full time students, from this four BM batches and Two IT batches
will be selected as a first stage sample. To get the six first stage samples the section and the
batch number are written on a paper put in a bowl and selected randomly.
For the second stage three boys and two girls will be selected from each batch randomly by
convenience sampling where the interviewer will interview the interviewees to his
convenience.
Finally, Five (Three boys and two girls) from each batch from six batches which will be
thirty students will be the sample size. Since this is all randomly selected there will be no
sample frame.
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2.3 Design and justification of the questionnaire
Batch number and section:

Gender : Male/Female
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Q1. What do you think about the current prices of food at the canteen?
1. Expensive 2. Neither cheap/expensive 3. Cheap
Q2. If “Expensive” what is the price range would you prefer buying the food? (Rs)
…………………………
Q3. What type of food do you expect from a canteen? (Rate your choice from a scale of 1- 5)
Breakfast & Lunch ………

Snacks ………
Fast food ………
Baked food ………
Salads & deserts ………
Q4. What is your favorite kind of food? (Be specific ex: vanilla ice cream, Chocolate cake)
……………………………………………………….
Q5. In an in house cafeteria do you think entertainment is a necessity?
Yes No
Q6. If your answer is “Yes” to the above question what type of entertainment do you expect?
(Rate your choice from a scale of 1- 5)
Music ……….
Internet ……….
T.V …….....
Arcade games ……….
Q7. How do you think an in – house cafeteria at ICBT city campus will be of benefit to
thestudents? Please explain your answer
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………....
Thank You for your valuable time that you took for answering our questionnaire
Justification of the design of the questionnaire
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 Questions have been minimized to seven to make the questionnaire as small as

possible
 Questions are arranged in a proper logical manner
 The length of the questions are kept short and easy to understand
 No questions which consist of race, religion, politics or any other embarrassing words
are used in the questions
 All instructions on how to answer the questions are provided
 Clarification of questions are provided by a footnote
4.0Analysis of data
Question 01: The current prices of food at the canteen
Price opinion - Overall

Price opinion Male Female Total No of
 Expensive – 11
students
 Neither cheap/expensive – 21
Expensive 05 06 11
 Cheap – 08
Neither cheap/expensive 07 14 21
Cheap
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Total No of students 14 26 40
cheap
20% expensive
28%
neither cheap/expensive
53%
Price opinion - Male
Price opinion Male
Expensive 05
Neither cheap/expensive 07
Cheap 02
Total 14
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Male
Cheap
14%
Expensive
36%
Neither cheap/expensive
50%
Mode
Mode = “Neither cheap/expensive” (07), becausethe “mode” is an average which indicates
the most frequently occurring value; that value is “7”. Therefore mode is “Neither
cheap/expensive”
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Price opinion Frequency Cumulative

(No of Male) frequency
Expensive 05 05
Neither cheap/expensive 07 12
Cheap 02 14
Total 14
= th
= (14+1)/2
= 7.5
≈ 8th
The 8th item is the median,

And the 8th item comes under the “Neither cheap/expensive”
Therefore median is “Neither cheap/expensive”.
Mean
These data’s come under ungrouped and these also haven’t the value of “x”, therefore we
decided to number them in order to 1, 2, 3….
Price opinion Value Frequency “f” “fx”
“x” (No of Male)
Expensive 1 05 05
Cheap 3 02 06
Total 6 ∑f = 14 ∑fx = 25
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= 25/14
= 1.7857
≈2
Here we can’t give the mean in fraction or decimals, because here we considering “students
of ICBT”. Quantity of students comes under “Discrete” value. Therefore mean value is 2.
Price opinion - Female

Price opinion Female
Expensive 06
Cheap 06
Total 26
Female
Cheap
23% Expensive
23%
Neither cheap/expensive
54%
Mode
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Mode = “Neither cheap/expensive” (14), because the “mode” is an average which indicates
the most frequently occurring vale; that value is “14”. Therefore mode is “Neither
cheap/expensive”
Median
Price opinion Frequency “f” Cumulative

(No of Female) frequency
Expensive 06 06
Cheap 06 26
Total 26
= th
= (26+1)/2
= 13.5
≈ 14th
The 14th item is the median,

And the 14th item comes under the “Neither cheap/expensive”
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Mean
“x” (No of Female)
Expensive 1 06 06
Cheap 3 06 18
Total 6 ∑f = 26 ∑fx = 52
= 52/26
=2
Here we got the mean value is 2.
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Comparison of both Male & Female
Price opinion Male Female
Expensive 05 06
Cheap 02 06
Total 14 26
16
14
12
10
No of 8
students Male
6 Female
0
Expensive Neither cheap/expensive Cheap
Price opinion
Price opinion Total No of

students
Expensive 11
Cheap 08
Total No of students 40
Here we are going to calculate Mode, Median, Mean according to the total number of
students.
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Mode
Mode = “Neither cheap/expensive” (21), because the “mode” is an average which indicates
the most frequently occurring vale; that value is “21”. Therefore mode is “Neither
cheap/expensive”
Median
Price opinion Total No of Cumulative
students frequency
Expensive 11 11
Cheap 08 40
Total No of students 40
= th
= (40+1)/2
= 20.5
≈ 21st
The 21stitem is the median,

And the 21st item comes under the “Neither cheap/expensive”
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Mean

“x” (No of students)
Expensive 1 11 11
Cheap 3 08 24
Total 6 ∑f = 40 ∑fx = 77
= 77/40
= 1.925
≈2
Here we can’t give the mean in fraction or decimals, because here we considering “students
of ICBT”. Quantity of students comes under “Discrete” value. Therefore mean value is 2.
Measure of Dispersion
01. Range
Range = highest value – lowest value
Range = 21-08
= 13
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02. Quartiles
= th quartile
= (40+1)/4
= 10.25
≈11th
11th is “Expensive”; therefore lower quartile is also Expensive.
= (40+1)/2
= 20.5
≈ 21st
21st is “cheap/expensive”; therefore middle quartile also neither cheap /expensive.
= 3 (40+1)/4
= 30.75
≈ 31st
31st is also “cheap/expensive; therefore upper quartile also cheap/expensive
Inter Quartile Range ( IQR) = ( Q3−Q1)
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03. Mean Deviation / Average Deviation
Mean deviation=
∑ ( x−x )
∑f
 Here mean is 2, and this is ungrouped data. Therefore we calculate the mean deviation by
using above equation.
Price Value Frequency “f” “fx” ( x−x ) ( x−x )2 f ( x−x )

2
opinion “x” (No of students)

Expensive 1 11 11 1 1 11
Neither 2 21 42 0 0 0
cheap/expensive
Cheap 3 08 24 1 1 08
Total ∑ 6 40 77 2 2 19
=2/40
=
04. Variance
=19/40
=
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05. Standard Deviation
∑ f ( x−x )2
S=
√ ∑f
¿ √ 0.475
=0.689
≈ 0.7
Coefficient of Variance (C of V)
=0.7/2
=0.35
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Question 02: Preferred price range for buying food.
Rs.(Price Range) No of Male No of Female Total no of

students
0- 20 0 0 0
21-40 02 03 05
41-60 05 12 17
61- 80 07 04 11
81-100 05 02 07
Total no of 19 21 40
students
Overall Students
Total no of students
18
16
14
12
10 Total no of students
0
0- 20 21-40 41-60 61- 80 81-100
Male
Price Range Mid point (x) No Of Male (f) (fx)

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0 – 20 10 00 00
21 – 40 30 02 60
41- 60 50 05 250
61 – 80 70 07 490
81 – 100 90 05 450
∑x= 250 ∑f = 19 ∑fx = 1250
Mean
Mean x=
∑ fx
∑f
= 1250/19
= 65.789
≈ 66.
Median
Price Range No of male Cumulative Frequency
0 – 20 00 00
21- 40 02 02
41 – 60 05 07
61 – 80 07 14
81 - 100 05 19
∑f = 19
( n+1 )
Meadian=
2
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= 19 + 1 / 2
= 10th.
Median is comes under the class interval of 61- 80.Because this is grouped data. Therefore
we have to find midpoint of particular class interval. That is as follows,
Median = 61 + 80 / 2
≈70
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Mode
Price Range No of male
0 -20 00
21- 40 02
41- 60 05
61 -80 07
81 -100 05
Chart Title
8
0
0 -20 21- 40 41- 60 61 -80 81 -100
70
The mode is between 61 – 80 class intervals. According to the theory graph method is easy to
find the mode.
Rs.70 is the mode of male.
Female
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Price Range Mid Point (x) No of Female (f) “fx”
0 -20 10 00 00
21- 40 30 03 90
41- 60 50 12 600
61 – 80 70 04 280
81 – 100 90 02 180
Total ∑ ∑f 21 ∑fx 1150
Mean
Mean x=
∑ fx
∑f
=1150 /21
=54.76
≈55.
Median
( n+1 )
Meadian=
2
= (21 + 1/2)
= 11th.
Price Range No of Female Cumulative Frequency
0 – 20 00 00
21- 40 03 03
41 – 60 12 15
61 – 80 04 19
81 - 100 02 21
Total ∑f = 21
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Median is in between 41 – 60 class intervals. Median is comes under the class interval of 41-
60.Because this is grouped data. Therefore we have to find midpoint of particular class
interval. That is as follows,
Median = (41 + 60) / 2
≈50
Mode
Price Range No of Female
0 -20 00
21- 40 03
41- 60 12
61 -80 04
81 -100 02
The mode is fallen between 41 – 60 class intervals.
14
12
10
0
0 -20 21- 40 41- 60 61 -80 81 -100
51
Rupees 51 is the mode of female.
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Female and Male Comparison

No of
Students
14
12
10
8
No of male
6 No of Female
2
Price Range
0
0 -20 21- 40 41- 60 61 -80 81 -100
Suitable Table 01
Price Range Midpoint (x) No of Students (f) “fx”
0-20 10 00 00
21-40 30 05 150
41- 60 50 17 850
61-80 70 11 770
81-100 90 07 630
∑f=40 ∑fx=2400
Mean
Mean x=
∑ fx
∑f
=2400 / 40
= 60
Median
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( n+1 )
Meadian=
2
= 41 / 2
= 21st.
Median is in between 41 – 60 class intervals. Median is comes under the class interval of 41-
60.Because this is grouped data. Therefore we have to find midpoint of particular class
interval. That is as follows,
(41+60)/2 ≈ 50
21st frequency falls under the class intervals 41 – 60.
Price Range No of students Cumulative No of

Students.
0 – 20 00 00
21 – 40 05 05
41 – 60 17 22
61 – 80 11 33
81 – 100 07 40
∑f = 40
BM/C/31 28
Mode
Price Range No of students
0 – 20 00
21 – 40 05
41 – 60 17
61 – 80 11
81 – 100 07
No of students 40
The mode is between 41 – 60 class intervals.
18
16
14
12
10
No of
Students 8
0
0 – 20 21 – 40 41 – 60 61 – 80 81 – 100
Price Range
Rupees 52 is the mode of all students . This overall mode is very near to the Female.
According to this females are more affecting to the In House Cafetaria.
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Measure of Dispersons
01. Range
Price range No of students

0 – 20 00
21 – 40 05
41 – 60 17
61 – 80 11
81- 100 07
Total no of Students ∑f=40
0 is the lowest class limit value of lowest class interval – Actually class limit for 0 – 20 class
interval is (-0.5). But Rupees never takes a minus value. Therefore we had chosen 0 for as the
lowest class limit value.
100.5 is the greatest class limit value of highest class interval.

Range = (100.5 – 0)
= 100.5
≈101
02. Quartiles
2 ( C−F )
Q 1∨Q 2∨Q 3 =L+
f
Price Range No of Students Cumulative no Students

0 -20 00 00
21 – 40 05 05
41 – 60 17 22
61 – 80 11 33
81 – 100 07 40
40
Lower Quartile
2 ( C−F )
Q1∨Q2∨Q3 =L+
f
= 41 + 2 (10 – 05)/ 17
= 41 + 10 / 17
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=41.588
= Rs. 42
Middle Quartile
2 ( C−F )
Q1∨Q2∨Q3 =L+
f
=41 + 2 (21 – 05)/ 17
= 41 + 32 / 17
=42.88
= Rs.43
Upper Quartile
3 ( n+1 )
upper quartile=
4
= 41 + 2(31- 22)/11
= 41 + 18 / 11
≈ 42.63
Inter Quartile Range (IQR)
IQR = Q3 – Q1
= 43 – 42
= 01.
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03. Mean Deviation / Average deviation
Mean deviation=
∑ f ( x−x )
∑f
Here we are going to use ungrouped data method.
Price Mid No of “fx’’ (x – ¯x) f(x – (x – ¯x)2 f(x –

Range Point Students ¯x) ¯x)2
(x) (f)
0 -20 10 00 00 50 00 2500 0
21- 40 30 05 150 30 150 900 4500
41 -60 50 17 850 10 170 100 1700
61- 80 70 11 770 10 110 100 1100
81 – 100 90 07 630 30 210 900 6300
Total ∑f=40 ∑fx=240 640 13600
0
From that ∑f=40 and ∑fx=2400 we can find calculate the x again.
x=
∑ fx
∑f
= 2400 / 40
= 60.
Mean deviation=
∑ f ( x−x )
∑f
= 640 / 40
= 16.
04. Variance (S2)
s2=
∑ f ( x− x )2
∑f
=13600 / 60
= 226.6
≈ 227.
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∑ f ( x−x )2
s=
√ ∑f
= √ 227
= 15.05
≈15.
Coefficient of Variance
Coefficient of Variance = Standard Deviation / Mean

= 15 / 60
= 0.25
Skewness
Mode < Mean = +

Mode > Mean = (-)
In this Scenario (+) skewness is available. Mode is 52 and Mean is 60.
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Question 07:
Benefit 24
No Benefit 10
No Answer 06
No Answer; 6
No Benefit; 10
Benefit; 24
Overall No of Students
Opinion No of students Male Female

Benefit 24 13 11
No Benefit 10 04 06
No Answer 06 01 05
Total No of Students ∑ 40 18 22
Mode
Mode = “Benefit” (24)
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Median
Opinion No of students Cumulative frequency

No Answer 06 06
No Benefit 10 16
Benefit 24 40
Total No of Students ∑ 40
= (40+1)/2
=21st
= Benefit
Mean
Opinion Value “ x ” No of students “ f ” “ fx ”

No Answer 1 06 06
No Benefit 2 10 20
Benefit 3 24 72
Total ∑ 40 98
=98/40
=2.45
≈2.5
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According to Male
Mode
Opinion Male
No Answer 01
No Benefit 04
Benefit 13
Median
Opinion Male Cumulative frequency

No Answer 01 01
No Benefit 04 05
Benefit 13 18
= (18+1)/2
=9.5
≈10th
= “Benefit”
Mean
Opinion Value “ x ” No of Male “ f ” “ fx ”

No Answer 1 01 01
No Benefit 2 04 08
Benefit 3 13 39
Total No of Students ∑ 18 48
=48/18
=2.66
≈2.67
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According to Female
Mode
Opinion Female
No Answer 05
No Benefit 06
Benefit 11
Median
Opinion Female (f) Cumulative frequency
No Answer 05 05
No Benefit 06 11
Benefit 11 22
= (22+1)/2
=11.5
≈12th
= “Benefit”
Mean
Opinion Value (x) Female (f) (fx)
No Answer 1 05 05
No Benefit 2 06 12
Benefit 3 11 33
Total No of Students ∑ 22 50
=50/22
=2.27
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BM/C/31 38
Question 03
Expected food from canteen
Description Male Female No of Students

Breakfast and Lunch 04 03 07
Snacks 05 04 09
Fast Food 07 03 10
Baked Food 06 05 11
Salads and Deserts 02 01 03
Total No of Students 24 16 40
According to Overall students
Description No of Students
Salads and Deserts 03
Breakfast and Lunch 07
Snacks 09
Fast Food 10
Baked Food 11
Total No of Students 40
15%
Benefit
No Benefit
25% No Answer
60%
Mode = “Baked food” (11)
Median
Description No of Students Cumulative frequency

Salads and Deserts 03 03
Breakfast and Lunch 07 10
Snacks 09 19
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Fast Food 10 29
Baked Food 11 40
Total No of Students 40
= (40+1)/2
=20.5
≈21st
= “Fast Food”
Mean
Description Value (x) No of (fx) ( x−x ) ( x−x )2 f ( x−x )
2
Students (f)
Salads and Deserts 1 03 03 2.5 6.25 18.75
Breakfast & Lunch 2 07 14 1.5 2.25 15.75
Snacks 3 09 27 0.5 0.25 2.25
Fast Food 4 10 40 0.5 0.25 2.50
Baked Food 5 11 55 1.5 2.25 24.75
Total ∑ 40 139 6.5 11.25 64
=139/40
=3.475
≈3.5
Measures of Dispersions
01. Range
Range = (55 - 3)
= 52
02. Quartiles
Description No of Students Cumulative frequency
BM/C/31 40

Snacks 09 19
Fast Food 10 29
Baked Food 11 40
= (40+1)/4
= 10.25
≈11th
11th is “Snacks”; therefore lower quartile is Snacks
= (40+1)/2
= 20.5
≈ 21st
21st is “Fast Food”; therefore middle quartile is Fast Food.
= 3 (40+1)/4
= 30.75
≈ 31st
31st is “Baked Food”; therefore middle quartile is Baked Food.
03. Mean Deviation
= 6.5/40
BM/C/31 41
=
04. Variance
=64/40
=
∑ f ( x−x )2
S=
√ ∑f
¿ √ 1.6
=1.265
= 1.265/3.5
= 0.36
Male
Description No of Male Cumulative frequency
BM/C/31 42

Snacks 07 16
Fast Food 06 22
Baked Food 02 24
Total ∑ 24
Mode = “Snacks” (07)
= (24+1)/2
=12.5
≈13th
= “Snacks”
BM/C/31 43
Mean
Description Value (x) No of Male (fx)
Snacks 3 07 21
Fast Food 4 06 24
Baked Food 5 02 10
Total ∑ 24 65
=65/24
=2.708
≈2.71
Female
Description No of Female Cumulative frequency

Snacks 03 10
Fast Food 05 15
Baked Food 01 16
Total ∑ 16
Mode = “Fast Food” (05)
= (16+1)/2
=8.5
≈9th
= “Snacks”
Mean
Description Value (x) No of Female (fx)
Snacks 3 03 9
Fast Food 4 05 20
BM/C/31 44
Baked Food 5 01 5
Total ∑ 16 45
=45/16
=2.813
≈2.8
BM/C/31 45
Question 06: Expected entertainment

Music 07
Internet 16
TV 03
Arcade Games 05
Indoor Games 09
music; 7
indoor games; 9
acrade games ; 5
internet; 16
T.V; 3
After ranked by considered no of students these data the table going to change like this
Entertainment Male Female No of Students
methods
TV 00 03 03
Arcade Games 04 01 05
Music 03 04 07
Indoor Games 02 07 09
Internet 08 08 16
Total No of students ∑ 17 23 40
Overall student’s opinion

Entertainment No of Students Cumulative
methods frequency
TV 03 03
Arcade Games 05 08
Music 07 15
BM/C/31 46
Indoor Games 09 24
Internet 16 40
Total No of students ∑ 40
Mode = internet (08)
= (40+1)/2
=21st
= Indoor Games
Mean
Number these in order to 1, 2, 3….
Entertainment Value No of Students “ fx ”
methods “x” “f”
TV 1 03 03
Music 3 07 21
Internet 5 16 80
Total No of students ∑ 40 150
BM/C/31 47
=150/40
=3.75
≈4
Measure of Dispersion
01. Range
Range = 16-3
= 13
02. Quartiles
Entertainment No of Students Cumulative

methods frequency
TV 03 03
Arcade Games 05 08
Music 07 15
Indoor Games 09 24
Internet 16 40
= th quartile
= (40+1)/4
= 10.25
≈11th
11th is “Music”; therefore lower quartile is Music.
= (40+1)/2
BM/C/31 = 20.5 48
≈ 21st
21st is “Indoor Games”; therefore middle quartile is Indoor Games.
= 3 (40+1)/4
= 30.75
≈ 31st
31st is also “Internet”; therefore upper quartile is Internet.
03. Mean Deviation / Average Deviation
Entertainment Value No of Students “ fx ” ( x−x ) ( x−x )2 f ( x−x )

2
TV 1 03 03 3 9 27
Arcade Games 2 05 10 2 4 20
Music 3 07 21 1 1 07
Indoor Games 4 09 36 0 0 00
Internet 5 16 80 1 1 16
Total No of students ∑ 40 150 07 70
Ungrouped data
BM/C/31 = 7/40 49
=
04. Variance
=70/40
=
∑ f ( x−x )2
S=
√ ∑f
¿ √ 1.75
=1.32
= 1.32/4
=0.33
Male
After ranked, only considered to male
BM/C/31 50
Entertainment No of Male
methods
TV 00
Indoor Games 02
Music 03
Arcade Games 04
Internet 08
Indoor Games; 2
Music; 3
Internet; 8
Arcade Games; 4
Mode = Internet (08)
BM/C/31 51
Median
Entertainment No of Male Cumulative
methods frequency
TV 00 00
Indoor Games 02 02
Music 03 05
Arcade Games 04 09
Internet 08 17
= (17+1)/2
=9th
= Arcade Games
Mean
Entertainment Value No of Male “fx”
TV 1 00 00
Music 3 03 09
Internet 5 08 40
=69/17
=4.058
≈4.1
BM/C/31 52
Female
After ranked, only considered to male
Entertainment Female
methods
Indoor Games 01
TV 03
Music 04
Arcade Games 07
Internet 08
Arcade Games; 4
Internet; 8
Music; 3
Indoor Games; 2
Mode = Internet (08)
BM/C/31 53
Median
Entertainment Female Cumulative

methods frequency
Indoor Games 01 01
TV 03 04
Music 04 08
Arcade Games 07 15
Internet 08 23
= (23+1)/2
=12th
= Arcade Games
Mean
Entertainment Value No of Female “ fx “
TV 2 03 06
Music 3 04 12
Internet 5 08 40
=87/23
=3.782
≈3.8
Overall comparison
Entertainment Male Female
methods
TV 00 03
Arcade Games 04 01
BM/C/31 54
Music 03 04
Indoor Games 02 07
Internet 08 08
5
No of
Students 4 male
female
3
0
TV Arcade Games Music Indoor Games Internet
Student's opinion
Correlation and Regression

Spearman rank correlation coefficient (R)
Food item (ranked) Entertainment (ranked) d d2

Salads and Deserts 03 TV 03 0 0
Breakfast and Lunch 07 Arcade Games 05 2 4
Snacks 09 Music 07 2 4
Fast Food 10 Indoor Games 09 1 1
Baked Food 11 Internet 16 5 25
BM/C/31 55
Total ∑ 40 40 34
n = numbers of pairs of data

d = the difference between the ranking in each set of data
= (1 - 1.7)
= (-0.7)
The correlation between the preferred food item and the preferred entertainment form is
negative, but it not even stronger.
BM/C/31 56
5.0 Conclusion
After all analysis of gathered information these are the final outcomes of the survey.
 By the analysis of all students most students think the current price of food at the
canteen is neither cheap nor expensive. So most probably the price of the food can
range from Rs. 40 – 70.
 But still many students think that a new in house cafeteria would benefit the students
because the main problem they are facing with the current canteen is the less space
requirement for them.
 Food requirements still remain the same because most students prefer baked food or
fast food as their hunger needs. So it is advised that ICBT use more fast food in sales.
 Entertainment requirement is expected by all the students. The most preferred

entertainment form is the internet. All students are eager in having internet facility
because they are now involved in social networking such as Facebook, Twitter and so
on
Finally the conclusion of the whole assignment will be that building a new in house cafeteria
will be a good marketing tool for ICBT city campus.
BM/C/31 57

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BUSINESS DECISION MAKING October 1, 2010

1.0 Introduction to the organization

2.0 Planning process of the survey

2.0.1 CPA Analysis

1st 2nd 3rd 4th

Preparation of final report

2.1 Implementation of plan

2.2 Objective of the study

2.1.1 Defining the problem

2.1.2 Defining population

2.1.3 Sampling method

2.3 Design and justification of the questionnaire

Batch number and section:

Breakfast & Lunch ………

Q5. In an in house cafeteria do you think entertainment is a necessity?

Justification of the design of the questionnaire

 Questions have been minimized to seven to make the questionnaire as small as

Price opinion - Overall

Price opinion - Male

Price opinion Male

Price opinion Frequency Cumulative

The 8th item is the median,

Price opinion - Female

Price opinion Frequency “f” Cumulative

The 14th item is the median,

Here we got the mean value is 2.

Comparison of both Male & Female

Price opinion Male Female

Price opinion Total No of

The 21stitem is the median,

Price opinion Value Frequency “f” “fx”

Range = highest value – lowest value

11th is “Expensive”; therefore lower quartile is also Expensive.

21st is “cheap/expensive”; therefore middle quartile also neither cheap /expensive.

31st is also “cheap/expensive; therefore upper quartile also cheap/expensive

Inter Quartile Range ( IQR) = ( Q3−Q1)

03. Mean Deviation / Average Deviation

Price Value Frequency “f” “fx” ( x−x ) ( x−x )2 f ( x−x )

opinion “x” (No of students)

05. Standard Deviation

Question 02: Preferred price range for buying food.

Rs.(Price Range) No of Male No of Female Total no of

Price Range Mid point (x) No Of Male (f) (fx)

∑x= 250 ∑f = 19 ∑fx = 1250

Price Range No of male Cumulative Frequency

Price Range No of male

Rs.70 is the mode of male.

Price Range Mid Point (x) No of Female (f) “fx”

Total ∑ ∑f 21 ∑fx 1150

Price Range No of Female Cumulative Frequency

Median = (41 + 60) / 2

Price Range No of Female

The mode is fallen between 41 – 60 class intervals.

Rupees 51 is the mode of female.

Female and Male Comparison

Price Range Midpoint (x) No of Students (f) “fx”

21st frequency falls under the class intervals 41 – 60.