Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1968 - Awake
1968 - Awake
1968 - Awake
CONTENTS
Do You Want a New Order Free Protect Yourself from Lawlessness 20
from Lawlessness? 3
God's Word Reforms Lawbreakers 26
Flood of Lawlessness Engulfing
the Earth 4
"Your Word Is Truth"
:How Do They Explain It'? 9 Why Do the Wicked Prosper? 27
der free from lawlessness can never be a they will discuss the more important caus~
reality. es for this lawlessness and when and how
However, do not dismiss the possibility that lawlessness will positively end. This
of living in a new order that is free from issue will also give information on how you
JANUARY 8, 1968 3
can protect yourself from lawlessness now. iog on in this regard throughout the
First of all, then, let us examine the world? How widespread is lawlessness to-
extent of lawlessness in our time, in this day? What damage to life and property is
generation, in this year. Just what is go- involved? What are the facts?
Since population growth is referred to geles Times of July 30, 1967, reported:
as an "explosion," a crime rate seven "What happened in Detroit last week was
times as explosive is a C;atastrophe. And not a race 'riot. After the first two days it
during the first six months of 1967 major was not a rIot at all. It became the highest
development so far of the new anarchy which
crimes skyrocketed 17 percent above the takes over our collapsing urban civilization
same period the previous year. This is at from time to time."
a rate of about ten to fifteen times the Rioting is not confined to the United
population growth! States. Riots have occurred in many other
Nor is the increase of lawlessness con- parts of the globe recently. This past sum w
fined to just the "ghetto" areas of large mer in Japan thousands of rioters repeat-
cities. True, a greater proportion of crime edly clashed with police. The New York
does occur in these areas, but in the past 'Times of August. 19, 1967, reported:
few years the rate of increase in the sub-
"Japan has a problem of mass violence
urbs has been greater. among the underprivileged minorities in the
big-city slums ... , The fr~y last night fol·
Rioting Spreads lowed the pattern of similar outbreaks on
Lawlessness must also include the hurt many sultry nights In the past summers. The
to life and property resulting from riot- rovIng mobs hurled rocks at a police substa·
tion, stoned shops and private homes, broke
ing, for whatever reason. Such violence windows in buildings and cars, ... and beat
has brought great distress to large num- any policeman who could be seized."
bers of people and has increased greatly The situation all over the world is not
in the last few years. much dlifeI,'ent. As '1'ime magazine of July
During the swnmer of 1967 riots took 28, 1967, stated:
place in more than 120 cities of the United "Violence is so universal al'ld elusive that
States. At least 117 persons were killed. sociology and psychology can only approxi.
Thousands were injured. Property damage mate a complex truth. Comparisons with
was over $1,000,000,000. other countries are illwninating but hardly
6 AWAKE/
ooncIuslve: The U,S, has
=ertainly experienced
!lothing like the massacre
.)f 400,000 Cdmmunists in
Indonesja; nor have
Watts or Newark ap- horrible acts. A farmer
proached the lethal fury in Minnesota kills his
of an Indian or an Arab wife, sets fire to his
mob."
home, killing their four
children. He wounds
People Are Afraid
himself to make it ap-
More and more peo- pear as though it was
ple are realizing just
committed by outsiders,
how much lawlessness there is. but later confesses. A Canadian
One consistent reaction has been family of nine-mother, father,
fear. Of the situation in the seven children-are slaughtered by
United States, one official said: a murderer. 'The only survivor, a
"American cities are burning. four-year-old daughter, hid under
You have more and more crime. Citizens ~e blankets. Such crimes, repeated over
are terrified." Of this fear Time said: and over, drive fear deep into the heart of
"Fear of the darkened city streets has
people.
become a fact of urban life. The memories In the report of the President's Crime
of bizarre multiple murders linger in the Commission, it was found that 43 percent
mind-13 people dead in Austin [Texas]
from a snip~r's rifle, eight nurses in Chicago of those interviewed said they now stayed
killed by a cfemented drifter. The recollection off the streets at night because of their
of the Kennedy assassination remains part feaJ;' of crime. And 35 percent said they
of the scene." no longer spoke to any strangers because
Almost daily the news tells of similar of this same fear. The report added:
lANUARY 8, 1968 7
"Fear of strangers has greatly impover- fessional criminals, those who make a ca~
Ished the lIves of many Americans, especially reer of lawlessness. The "take" of orga~
those who lIve in high-crime neighborhoods nized crime runs into thousands of millions
in large cities. People stay behind the locked
doors of their homes rather than risk walk-
of dollars each year. Involved in this are
ing in the streets at night_ Poor-people spend thousands of criminals who work in orga·
money on taxis beca.use they are afraid to nizations as complex as large corporations.
walk or use public transportation_ Sociable They supply such illegal goods and services
people are afraid to talk to those they do as gambling, narcotics, prostitution and
not know .... other forms of vice. Estimates of the mon-
"When fear of crime becomes fear of the
'S,~?:Y \b~ "<.OOal mi!..e:
'£ t'UY'fu.~ t.amai.~. (!.'J w.a~ t'Z.~ \lJ&<b~ 'b"&w..~\.\'''D.'t, <UW1R.. "l'W.
As the level of sOciability and mutual trust up to $50,000,000,000 a year in just the
Is reduced, streets and public places can in- United States!
deed become more dangerous .... The n;-
ported incidents of bYstanders indifferent to
To cope with all this crime, "profession-
cries for help are the logical consequence of a al" and "nonprofessional," what is re-
reduced sociability, mutual distrust and with- quired? In the United States there are
drawal." some 420,000 law~enforcement people
What is additionally frightening is that working in about 40,000 separate agencies.
there are far more crimes committed than They spend mor~ than $2,500,000,000 of
are ever reported. For example, burglaries the public's tax money trying to stem the
occur about three time~ as often as they tide. Yet, the tide of lawlessness advances
are reported, rapes even more often. In relentlessly_
some areas, only o:rie~tenth of certain
crimes are ever reported to police! Toward More Lawlessness
The hard facts are that never before in
Who Are the Lawless? history has there been such a/tremendous
Who are these lawless elements that surge in lawlessness world wide. And
cause such fear? Are they all sinister, every indication is that this increase will
mentally deranged types? Are they all continue.
professional criminals? The Crime Com· Three years ago, when the situation was
mission's report stated: not as bad as it is today, an editorial in
"Many Americans take comfort in the view
that crime is the vice of a handful of people.
the New York Times of February 18,
This view is inaccurate. In the United States 1965, stated:
today, one boy in six is referred to the juve· "It is a frightening but inescapable thought
nUe cOurt. A Commission survey shows that that the world has drifted apart and become
in 1965 two million Americans were received more fragmented since April 1963. when
in prisons or juvenUe training sch,ools, or Pope JOhn made his notable appeal for 'a
placed on probation. Another ComnliSsion community of peoples based on truth,
study suggests that about, 40 percent of all justice, love and freedom.' ...
male chUdren now livillg in the United States "Throughout history different elements
will be aTrested for a nontraffic offense operated at different times to provide an
during their lives." anchor. an amalgam, a source of utlity for
Hence, more and Ill~ "ordinary" citi~ societies. There were family bonds. great
zens are committing lawless acts. Through~ mon8l'Chs, great empires, the world'S great
religions and; in roodern times, pOlitical
out the world millions of persons regarded Ideologies. Today none of these factors seems
as decent "next-door~neighbor" tYQ€.s ,are s'trOl'li iffiOUg'n 'to 'no)ii soc'l.et'les -m c)teCK1 or
being apprehended for vicious crimes. to wite nations and peoples in peace.
Of course, to these must be added pro~ ''This is an era th~t has lost its bearings,
8 AWAKE!
that wanders in a wilderness crying with world being flooded by this rising tide, of
rage and striking out in its pain." lawlessness at this particular time in
Why has all this happened? Why is the history?
JANUARY 8, 1968 11
"Perhaps the most important factor in the toward suburban living, helped to separate
lives of many boys who become delinquent is the father from his family. In farm life
their faUure to win the affection of their
fathers."
there were better chances to develop roots,
to make the family a closely knit unit. But
So authorities maintain that the way to in the cities, -the father is usually gone all
prevent lawlessness in future adults is by day. Often both parehts work, sometimes
good parental care and training (If chil- one at a night job. And in suburbs fafuers
dren. But this ability bas been severely leave eariy in the morning and return late
undermined by the damage done to the at night. The book The Psychology of
mentality and morality of parents, partic~ Crime notes:
ularly the male, by the climate of anarchy
"A pare,nt's frequent absence from home
in the world since 1914. often leads to the most subtle forms of
family tension. In many families today the
The Industrial Age father plays only a perfunctory role, mostly
Rapid industrialization has also con- that of a provider, without taking an emo·
tributed to lawlessness. When large indus- tional part in his family's life .... freque.ntty
little attention is paid to him. Consciously or
tries came into being, people left rural unconsciously his wife and children feel his
areas and came where the factories were, absence in that they miss a man upon whom
into the cities. they can depend for guidance, leadership, and
By their packing into cities, the more understanding."
relaxed and emotionally healthy way of
life in the country was lost. In time, great Material Prosperity
sections of cities deteriorated and became Another reason authorities advance for
horribly congested slums. Such close prox- the spread of laWlessness is material pros-
imity of people had a detrimental effect. perity. Since World War n quite a few
As the Crime Commission's report stated: nations have had boom times, producing
more goods than ever before. In Kids,
"Delinquents are concentrated dispropor·
tionately in the cities, and particularly in the Crime and Chaos, the author states:
large'r cities . ... "Progress, I found, was recognized as a
"When so many people are Hving and major factor in delinqUency in almost every
moving in so small a space, the probability country I visited....
of collisions can only increase. Crowding "In West Germany, which has lived
has a harmful effect on study habits, atti· through an extraordinary phase of prosper·
tudes toward sex, parents' ability to meet ity in recent. years, peop1e have come to
needs of individual children; clearly, crowd· realiZe, sadly, that a boom carries a built·in
ing intensifies the fatigue and irritability that train of delinquents. '"
contribute to errattc or irrational discipline." "The United Nations, following a London
Interestingly, the rate of crime per hun- conference on the subject in 1960, summed
up their findings in a report which said,
dred thousand population in the cities was somewhat grudgingly: 'The existing data
found to be ov~r 1,800. The rate for the suggest that the improvement of living con·
suburbS was about 1,200. The rural rate, ditions-what is called a better standard of
however, was only a little over 600! So for Iiving-does not necessarily ... reduce juve-
each 100,000 population, the crime rate nile delinquency:"
in the city was three times that of the The flood of material goods is adver-
rural areas! Clearly, the farther man has tised everywhere. Most persons become de.
gotten away from an agricultural society, sirous of these goods. Those who do not
the worse his situation has become. have the money to buy them often resort
City life, and then the later trend to theft to get what they want, as evi-
12 AWAKE!
denced by the fantastic rise in burglaries, school children have sexual relations wIth
larceny and auto theft. one another and the number of JUegltlmate
births among very young girlS has increased
In other instances husbands must work as also has the amount of venereal d1seas~
long hours, perhaps holding two jobs, just in adolescents?"
to support this higher standard of living. Permissiveness has saturated the enter-
Everything is subordinated to acquiring tainment and publishing fields. Many of
material goods. Often the mother works the movies, television programs, books and
too. The effect on children, as noted pre- magazines now released would never have
viously, is disastrous because not only will been tolerated by either the censors or
they not get the attention needed, but by general public years ago. Today, however,
their parents' example they are taught to sexual immorality, perversion, murder and
be greedy for material things. Greed and mayhem are steady diets for the viewer
high principles are not companions. and reader. As Time magazine of July 28,
1967, said:
"In the movies and on television, murder
Permissive Env1ronment and torture seem to be turnIng Americans
The permissive environment of today, [and other nationalities] into parlor sadists.
whether in education, in teleVision, in mov- A recent trend on the stage is the 'theater
ies or in literature, has also contributed of cruelty,' and a growing number of books
heavily to the increase of lawlessness, ex- delve into the pornography of violence."
perts agree. Concerning this trend, reviewer Bosley
There has been widespread acceptance Crowther wrote in the New York Times
of July 9, 1967:
of philosopher Sigmund Freud's idea that
"Something is happening in the movies
much in the individual that is suppressed that has me alarmed and disturbed. Movie·
should be released. Many have gone he- makers and movie-goers are agreeing that
yond this and have taught that there killing is fun. Not just old.fashioned, out.
should be no suppression of human desires right killing, either, the kind that is quickly
at all. The concept of freedom with respon- and cleanly done by honorable law.enforcers
or acceptable competitors in crime. This is
sibility has been largely replaced by the killing of a gross and bloody nature, often
unhealthy concept of freedom without massive and excessive, done by characters
limit.
Such a permissive
environment has
played havoc with
right principles and
morality. Of the ef-
fect this permissive-
ness has had on chil-
dren, Grime in Our
Time says:
"In an environ·
ment where moral
standards In all di·
rectlons have been
lowered, and reB·
giOllS standards are
almost nonexistent,
can we wonder that
JANUARY 8, 1968 13
whose murderous motivations are morbId, some of these reasons, the President's
degenera~e and cold. ThIs Is killing of the Crime Commission said:
sort that soqIal misfits and sexual perverts
are most likely to do. And the eerIe th~g "Crime flourishes •.• in city slums, those
is that movIe-goers are gleefully lapping neighborhoods where overcrowdIng, econom·
it up.... ic deprivation, social disruption and racial dis-
"The passion for this sort of thing Is not crimination are endemic. CrIme flourishes in
exclusive to audiences in the United States. condItions of 'amuellce, when there is much
... [these filli1s] seem to me as socially desire for material goods and many erppor·
decadent and dangeroUs as LSD." tunities to acquire them illegally. Crime
1l0urishes when there are many restless,
A. ~n.'a llb.":lslW bealth \~ ~t~~ re1atlve1y footloose young people in the
to a great degree by what he eats. A per- population. Crime flourishes when standards
son's mental health is determined to a of morality are changing rapidly.
great degree by what he exposes his mind "Finally, to the extent that the agencies
to. By being exposed to such mental rub- of law enforcement and justice, and such
::Iish the minds of millions are being dis- community institutions as schools, chur!;hes
and social service agencies, do not do thl:!ir
torted away from what is wholesome. And jobs effectively, they fail to prevent crime."
:ogether with all the other reasons given,
:his debasing mental food gives an addi_ All these are apparent reasons for law-
jonal push to lawlessness. lessness. But they are only the top part of
These and a few other reasons are most t~e "iceberg"! There are ~ore fundamen-
Jften given by authorities to account for tal causes for the flood of lawlessness now
Increased lawiessness toaay. Summ'i.ng up taking place! What are they?
18 AWAKE!
"It is common to think of our own time this world is going to be too dangerQus to
as standing at the apex of clvUlzatlon, .•• live in."
the reality is that in the long perspective CIt Fifteen years from 1960 brings us to
history the present century will not hold
an admirable position •• ,' These two-score 1975. He predicted that by 1975 this
years in the twentieth century wUl be reo world would be too dangerous! Interest-
oorded In the book of years as one of the ingly, this date is also the one indicated
most bloody In all annals, Two World Wars by the most reliable Bible ·research as
have left a legacy of dead which number marking the end of 6,000 years of rebel-
more than all the annles engaged In any
war that made ancient or medieval history. lion of men and demons against God.
No half-century ever witnessed slaughter on We can be confident that soon, now,
such a scale, such cruelties and inhumanities, Almighty God, Jehovah, for a certainty
such wholesale deportations of peoples into will bring this lawless system of things to
slavery, such annihllaUons of minorities. an end. He will rid the world of lawless-
... If we cannot eliminate the causes to
prevent the repetition of these barbaric ness by smashing the hopeless rule of men
events, it is not an irresponsible prophecy to and demons. God guarantees:
say that this twentieth centul'Yj J?lBY yet SUC- "In the days of those kings the God at
ceed in bringing the doom of ciVllization." heaven will set up a kingdom that will never
The causes have not been eliminated! It be brought to ruIn. And the kingdom Itself
is impossible for man himself to eliminate wIll not be passed on to any other people.
It will crush and put an end to all these
them! That is why the world continues its kIngdoms, and it itself will stand to times
downward plunge just as surely as the lndefinlte."-Dan. 2:44.
rock thrown from the cliff, just as surely
Think of it! God himself will rule the
as the body denied food! It is simply be-
earth by means of a heavenly kingdom!
yond man to remedy the causes. Only God No more will the governing of peoples be
can, and will. left up to humans! The superior wisdom
of God will then guide all mankind.
End Near
Do you long to live in a system of things
What all of this means is that we are
free from lawlessness? If you do, then
fast approaching the end of this lawless
you will look with keen anticipation to
system of things. There remain very few the end of this lawless system of things.
years before Jehovah God exercises his
You will long to see the fulfillment of the
right to take over all control of earth's psalm that promises: "Just a little while
affairs and eliminate lawlessness.-Jer. longer, and the wicked one will be no more
25:31.33. • .. When the wicked ones are cut off,
Until God acts shortly, men and demons you will see it."-Ps. 37:10, 34.
will continue to be more vicious, more de- While that will mean the end of all law-
graded and more immoral as this system lessness, it will not mean the end of all
speeds to its end. (2 Tim. 3:13) It is just people. Those who are now looking to God
as a former United States Secretary of for guidance will survive into that lawful
State noted in the June 13, 1960, issue of new system. They have confidence th~t
U.S. News &; World Report. He declared God-fearing men will live on a restored
that our time is "a period of unequaled 'paradise earth forever. As the loving Cre-
instability. unequaled violence," and ator promises: "The world is.passing away
warned: and 1;0 is its desire, but he that does the
"I know enough of what is going on to will of God remains forever."-l John
assure you that, in 15 years from today. 2:17.
JANUARY 8, 1968 19
N THIS time when "the world is _ _ _____
I passing away" the rampage of ~~ -------------=:::-, ~~
crime will continue to grow in in·
tensity. As Jesus foretold, the im- /
mediate future will bring an "in- /! -
-' /
" . "pror&,ecf', \,,\, '" ""
Self-Contral
What does self-control have to do with that the victim knew-a relative, close
being victimized by a crime? Note what friend or an acquaintance. Only 12 per.
the President's Crime Commission re. cent of the murders analyzed were com.
vea1ed: mitted by total strangers.
"Many crimes are 'caused' by theIr victims.
Often the victim of an assault is the person
It was also found that two·thirds of
who started the fight, or the victim of an rape victims were attacked by men whom
automobile theft is a person who left his they knew. And only 19 percent of all men
keys in his car, or the victim of a loan shark and women who were victims of bodHy
is a person who lost his rent money at the assault were not acquainted with their as-
race track, or the victim of a confidence sailants. Unwise acts, a lack of self.
man is a person who thought he could get
rich quick." control, on the part of the victim pro.
I
This is particularly true of crimes in. voked, or triggered, many of these attacks.
volving bodily harm, such as murder and As the New York Times Magazine of June
assault. In the report Criminal -Homicides 18, 1967, commented:
in Baltimore the following was noted: I "Although there is always some danger in
"Almost one-third of the homicides were any city of being robbed, perhaps injured
precipitated by actions of the victims, with on the street, and a considerable danger of
non·white victims four times as likely to being burglarized, what people have to fear
precipitate their own deaths as whites. An most from crime is in themselves: their own
important correlation appear~ between carelessness or bravado; their attitudes to-
alcohol and victim.precipated cases." ward their families and friends, toward the
people they work for or who work for them;
Almost one out of every three murders their appetites for drugs and liquor and sex;
is caused by the victim's provoking the their own eccentricities; their own perver.
killer! And frequently the provoker is un· sities; their own passions."
der the influence of alcohol. This reveals The self·control that is needed is a prod.
that a lack of self·control on the victim's uct of God's spirit, available to those who
part is often responsible for his difficulty. fallow his guidance. (Gal. 5:22, 23) You
And in most cases the killer was someone can develop self·control even if you do not
20 AWAKE!
practice it at present. It is an essenu8.1 :some may COnsid.er it brave, or smart,
link in avoiding trouble. to ignore such godly counsel. For example,
there were two couples who were -walking
Putting It into Practice on a New York street. Several young men
You can put self-control.into practice in made uncomplimentary remarks. The hus-
many ways. For example, you may be. rid- bands reacted swiftly and pummeled the
jng public transportation, a bus or a sub- young men. It Seemed they had won a
way that is crowded. Someone jostles you, Victory. But minutes later the youths re-
perhaps making a nasty remark also. What turned with the rest of their gang. The
should be your reaction? Should you get husbands were brutally beaten, and one
rough, or insult the was killed. What a
jostler back? Far price to pay for
from avoiding trou- bravado! How much
ble, that would better it would have
more likely provoke been to ignore the
it. It could plant the remarks and to
seed of violence in 'take their leave.'
someone who is not Another Bible
being restrained by principle that can
godly principles. save· you from diffi-
Wherever you culty is recorded at
are, at work, during Proverbs 26:17. It
recreation, while says: "As one grab-
traveling, when bing hold of the
shopping, when ears of a dog is any-
dealing with neigh- one passing by that
bors, friends or rel- is becoming furious
atives, it does not at the quarrel that
pay to give an of- is not his." When
fender 'a dose of his riots flare in or
own medicine.' near your neighbor-
God's Word accu- hood, do you want
rately states: "A If someone jostles you, to see what is going
word causing pain will you let yourself gel drawn into a fight? on and voice your
makes anger to opinion? Do you
come up." (Prov. 15:1) This is why so take to the streets and add your voice to
many victims have themselves to blame. the confusion? The Bible advises that the
They provoked their assailant. On the oth- best thing to do is not to 'grab hold of it.'
er hand, that same proverb counsels: "An Let it alone. Do not get near it even out of
answer, when mild, turns away rage." Curiosity. There are no winners in riots,
However, if, in spite of your using a mild only losers. Retire indoors or to a safe place
answer, the other person continues to be until the danger has run its course.
belligerent, what should you do? God's
Word wisely tells us: "Before the quarrel Not Inviting Trouble
has burst forth, take your leave."-Prov. To avoid trouble it is also wise to avoid
17:14. Visiting places that have reputations of
JANUARY 8, 1968 21
being haunts for criminals, prostitutes or by leaving the keys in your car, or flash-
homosexuals. A person may think there ing large amounts of money in public, or
is no danger in just touring such places overdressing, such as with a showy dis-
and 'seeing the sights.' But what business play of je'welry. There are persons who,
does a person wanting to avoid lawless- can be instigated to commit a crime and
ness have there? The danger of being a who will commit a crime if the opportwti-
victim of lawlessness increases by going ty is presented. They will take your car
where it aboWlds. if the keys are
Nor should we invite difficulty by in- there, but might
sisting that we have a right to sit not otherwise.
in any section of a park at any They will follow
hour. Certain places in parks, in- you if you display
deed, some entire parks, are dan- large amounts of
gerous after dark. It is not the money, but might
course of practical wisdom to insist not otherwise. If
on your right and thus take the you overdress and
risk of being robbed or assaulted. wear much jewel-
If you are a woman or young ry in public, you
girl, are you fearful of may attract
being molested or at- thieves who would
tacked? There are sev- leave the more unpre-
eral things you can do to tentious person alone.
minimize the danger. Even Christian minis-
One, of course, is to ters who call on people
avoid traveling unaccom- to teach them the truths
panied down dark streets of the Bible do not in-
or sparsely traveled vite trouble. They exer-
areas that are considered cise caution by not trav-
unsafe. Also, what about eling alone in d.angerous
the way you dress? Do places, particularly at
you wear suggestive, re- night. They use wisdom
vealing clothing? Do you acquired from God's
think it is fashionable to , I,' Word, which states:
wear the latest mini- "Two are better than
Do yol,.! dress in a way
skirts? Remember, those that Invites trouble? one . . . For if one of
clothing styles have been them should fall, the
fashioned by people who do not have godly other one can raise his partner up. But
principles in mind. If a \1{oman or a young how will it be with just the one who falls
girl wears very short dresses and tight, when there is not another to raise him
revealing clothing, how can 'she object to
up?"-Eccl. 4:9, 10.
being treated like a loose woman, since
that is often 'the way prostitutes dress? Another precaution, particularly in high
By dressing like loose women, one makes crime areas, can be the owning of a dog.
herself a target for sexual mole;sting. Although some burglars will kill the dog
Similarly, do not invite criminal activity to commit their act of burglary, still,even
22 AWAKE}
moral suggestions, she will not do
it. She is being asked to break
God's law, so she will resort to
screaming or anything else to pro~
teet herself, even if the criminal does
use violence. (Deut. 22:23~27) In
such Situations, the person guided by
God's laws can find protection by ap~
pealing to Jehovah God in prayer,
calling on his name out loud, so that
the assailant can hear it. The Bible
, shows there is protection for one who
respects and uses the name of God:
"The name of Jehovah is a strong
tower. Into it the righteous runs and
is given proteetlon."-Prov. 18:10.
Will you struggle
to keep your money, Protect Your Children
and perhaps lose your life? Mothers and fathers, know where
your children are. It is not wise to-
a small dog will often make enough dis- day, even for convenience, to let your chil-
turbance to discourage most intruders. dren go alone in certain neighborhoods. It
is best for someone to accompany them.
When Confronted by Lawless Persons Another point to consider is this: With
However, some persons bent on crime whom do your children associate? In this
will let nothing stop them. regard you would do well to note what the
Hence, if you should be confronted by book Kids) Grime and Chaos states:
a person who thrusts a gWl or knife at you "F. M, Thrasher, In his intensive study of
and demands your money, what should a boys club in New York City, came up wIth
you do? Rather than endanger your life, the distressing news that boys who were
give the money to him! r our life is members of the club had a larger number
at delinquencies than boys in the same neigh.
worth far more than any material pos- borhood who were not members. Even more
session you have. The principle here is distressing was the fact that, while 18 per·
somewhat the same as when Jesus said: cent at the boys studied were delinquent
«'bo not resist him that is wicked ... If when they first joined the club, after they
a person wants to go to court with you had participated for a wp.ile in the club's
activltles, the delinquency figure TOile to $8
and get possessibn of your inner garment, percent.
let your outer gannent also go to him." "Equally shattering was the revelation,
-Matt. 5:39, 40. not long ago, that among all tbe'boys studied
Some have tried to be 'heroic' and have In a Pennsylvania reformatory, 35 percent
were members of the Boy Scouts.
struggled with holdup men. But many "It is not surprising, therefore, that in a
have lost their lives as the lawless person, recent pamphlet. the Children's Bureau
infuriated, pulls the trigger of his gun, or stated: 'Research ,indicates that providing
lashes out with his knife. additional recreation facilities In an area
usually does not bring about significant
Yet, in the case of a Christian wom~ changes in the volume of juvenile delin-
an, if a man demands she submit to im~ quency: ..
JANUARY 8, 1968 23
What this points up is the Biblical prin- Yet, just a few days later, one of the
ciple that it is not the job of outside four, a prominent religious leader, a cler-
agencies or clubs to train children cor- gyman, "said today he planned to 'dis-
rect)y. It is the God-given responsibility locate' Northern cities with massive but
of the parents. It is also their responsibili- nonviolent demonstrations of civil disobe-
ty to provide wholesome recreation for dience."-The New York Times, August
the entire family and not to push their 16, 1967, page 1.
children off into clubs, parties or gangs Such massive demonstrations of disobe-
where they are not supervised by their dience easily lead to violence and have of-
parents. ten done so.
Should )IOU let even the churches ot No, you will not hel'P -your children by
Christendom take over the training of letting the churches of this world take
Over their training. The most important
your children, to teach them godly prin-
reason why this is so is that, very Simply,
ciples? No, for these churches do not prac_
God 1w,s abandoned these chUrches! He is
tice those principles. The Los Angeles
not with them. Of such God's Word states:
Times this year declared: "They publicly declare they know God,
"The ministers and the priests who claimed but they disown him by their works, be-'
leade"Cshi.~ may have had i.t fur an MUl: on cause they are detestable and disobedient
Sundays, but not for much longer.
and not approved for good work of any
"It is a rare church In the modern strug·
SOrt." Jesus Christ similarly said: "Many
gUng city which has any real influence over
the conduct of its members .... To the poor, will say to me in that day, 'Lord, Lord
the churches are as distant and as selfish as ... ' And yet then I will confess to them:
the polIticians and the businessmen." I never knew you ... you workers of law-
The churches have so little influence for lessness."-Titus 1:16; Matt. 7:21-23.
gQQd because they have abandoned God'%
Key to Success
laws. They have compromised them for
The key to success in avoiding lawless-
their own interests. They water down the ness for yourself and your children is the
Word of God, calling it myth and legend, wisdom that comes only from God. No
or discard it altogether. They are not psychologist, sociologist, or any other hu-
doing God's will. During wartime, they man agency, however well meaning, can
support both sides of the conflict, even think as God thinks. Therefore the right
blessing weapons of destruction, yet God's solutions to problems regarding lawless-
Word clearly says: "A slave of the Lord ness must come from God. These he has
does not need to fight, but needs to be had recorded in his Word, the Bible.
gentle'toward all." (2 Tim. 2:24) These The first step necessary is for you to
churches often instigate others to vio- begin taking. in knowledge of what God
lence, although protesting that they are considers right. As Proverbs 3: 5, 6 urges:
against it. For example, recently four "Trust in Jehovah with all your heart and
do not lean upon your own understanding.
prominent civil rights 'leaders stated:
In a11 your ways take notice of him and
"Killing, arson, looting are criminal acts he himself will make your paths straight."
and should be dealt with as SUch. Equally
guilty are those who incite, provoke and call What about your children? God's Word
speCifically for such action."-U.S. News &; counsels: "Fathers, do not be irritating
World Report, August 7, 1967, page 11. your children, but go on bringing them
24 AWAKE!
up in the discipline and authoritative ad- Word, your family circle will stand firm
vice of Jehovah."-~h. 6:4. lUlder the lawless pressures of today.
"But," you may ask, "isn't this just By your doing God's will, you can look
theory?" No, it is not just theory.' It l's forward to a new system of things where
practiced daily by hundreds of tholll'ands there will be no more lawlessness. Even
of persons all over the world. These are if you tried to find a lawless person then,
seriously studying the Bible. They thus lis- you would not be able to do so! Regarding
ten to God's voice. Then they do what God lawless ones God promises: "You will cer-
says to do. They teach their children to tainly give attention to his place, and he
do likewise. They associate with others will not be."-Ps. 37:10.
who do the same. In this way, they coun- That will mean the end of jails, the end
teract Satanic pressures and the tendency of police forces, the end of armies, the
humans have toward lawlessness, That is end of weapons of destruction. It will also
why Jehovah's witnesses, who are Bible mean the end of man rule and demon rule
lovers, are known world wide for being that has brought such sadness and pain
law abiding, peaceful. That is why there to the human family.
is no problem among them of increasing What a relief it will be to live in that
lawlessness. You and your children can new system of things, where you will
share their lawful ways and secill'ity by never again have to lock yOill' door or fear
coming into jlssociation with them. for the safety of yOill' loved ones!
No, you will not convert the world to Soon, the lawful new system will be a
lawful ways by your studying the' Bible reality. In the meantime, the best pro-
and learning its high principles. But you tection against lawlessness is to put your
will be buildi'ng a lawful and peaceful trust in the Creator, Jehovah God. As the
home. Your household does not have to Bible promises: "Jehovah is guarding all
be a copy of the lawless world outside. those loving him, but all the wicked ones
Built on the right fOlUldation of God's he will annihilate."-Ps. 145:20.
JANUARY 8, 1968 25
God's Word Reforms Lawbreakers
VER two years ago, a young couple where she confessed to the four offences.
O with two children living in London,
England, came in contact with Jehovah's
"With her husband, she had decided to
become a Jehovah's Witness. And Mrs. M-,
a mother of two young children, felt that
witnesses. A Bible study was started with the only way to 'wipe the slate clean' was to
them. As they studied the promises of the go to the police.
Bible and saw that lawlessness would end, "'She came purely volUntarilY,' a pOlice
and learned about the incoming new order, officer told Greenwich Court ...
"The magistrate said he would gIve her
they desired to dedicate their lives to (':rOd. credit for cOr;'iessing to the police and placed
However, both of:them had been violat- her on probation for a year."
ing the law for some time. They were What of her husband? The Mercury of
guilty of many acts of stealing. But by July 13, 1967, under the headline, "The
their study of God's purposes and require. 'Converted' Raider Confesses AU His
ments they both Pecame convinced that Crimes," said the following:
they must settle "A man went to the
their debt with the police and confessed to
law of the land. They ARTICLES IN TIiE NEXT ISSUE thefts amounting to
saw the need to "pay • Why Many Me" Shun Religion. thousands of pounds,
Furna~e
because he wanted to
back, therefore, Cae- • A New Kind of
-the Nu~lear Rea~tor. b'e a Jehovah's Wit·
sar's things to Cae- • What 111 Femininity! ness.
sar, but God's things "And at Woolwich
to God," (Matt. 22: court last week, 24·
21) They wanted to have a good ,con- year-old F- M- ... pleaded guilty ...
science toward both God and man.-l Pet. "Two years ·ago M- started studying the
Bible. Last year he wanted to be baptised
3,2l. into the Jehovah's Witness faith, '"
The young wife confessed four crimes "M-'s wife said: "There has been a tre·
and her husband confessed almost forty, mendous change in my hUsband during the
involving property valued at more than last two years. His Blible studies have brought
£8,500 ($20,400). Since the husband had a great change to his life.' ...
three previous convictions, he expected to "M-, who had three findings of guilt and
three previous convictions, was placed on
get a heavy prison sentence. But his wife probation for two years."
was prepared to stand by him and care This outcome was unexpected, but it
for their two young children while be was delighted the couple. It is to the ~redit of
in prison. the court that they reoognized a sincere
What was the result? In the newspaper, desire to turn away from a 1aw1ess course.
The MeTcu,ry~ of June 15, 1967, W1der the Now that this family has learned to live
headline "Why a Housewife Confessed," by the guide that God has provided, they
the following was related: find great peace of mind and security.
"The police couldn't catch housewife e- With accurate knowledge of what God re-
M-. She had committed four crimes but
changed her job and her address 50 often
quires they are able to live with a clear
that she couldn't be traced. conscience before God and man. They can
"Then Mrs. M- started reading the Bible confidently Iodk forward to the future.
•.• and later walked into a police station -Acts 24,16 .
26 AWAKEI
world is likened to a wild beast, for it is
heartless and brutish in iUl manner of
exercising authority over humans. Note
what the apostle John saw in his inspi~
vision: "The dragon gave the beast its
power ahd its throne and great authority.
. . . authority was given it over every tribe
and people and ,tongue and nation." (Rev.
13:2, 7; compare Daniel 7:19, 20,23, 24.)
No nation can claim to be exempt from the
ruling influence of this global pOlitical
AVE you ever wondered about the arrangement.
H seeming injustices of life? Those who ~ And since Satan controls all the na-
have no time for God and little concern tions, it is evident that he has it in his
for fellowmen seem to prosper and live in power to enrich materially those who yield
comparative luxury, while thoSe who love themselves readily to his anti-God cam-
God and strive to live in harmony with
paign. True, God protects those who love
his righteous principles oIten find their and serve him. but he does not guarantee
way beset by obstacles and hardships. In- them material prosperity in Satan's sys-
deed, there are those who go so far as
tem of things. He does guarantee spiritual
to assert that the wicked get away with it
prosperity and the necessities of life. As
and that the honest man cannot get along the" psalmist so confidently expresses it:
in this world.-Mal. 3:14, 15.
"A young man I used to be, I have also
2 This state of affairs cannot help but
grown old, and yet I have not seen any-
be puzzling to sincere and honest persons one righteous left entirely, nor his off-
until they are convinced of its basic cause spring looking for bread,"-Ps. 37:25,
as revealed in the Bible: Would you like
"Now we can better grasp the words of
to get your Bible? Then look up the text
Jesus Christ to his disciples: "If you were
at 1 John 5:19; there it is written: "The
part of the world, the world would be fond
whole world is lying in the power of the
wicked one." Does not that explain a lot of what is its own. Now because you are
of things as to the prosperity of the no part of the world, but I have chosen
wicked? you out of the world, on this account the
3 So, while Jehovah God is the Sover~
world hates you." (John 15:19) Sufficient
eign Ruler of the whole universe, indud- reason, is it not, for this world to try to
ing this planet, he is not the one who has deny material prosperity to the followers
organized and is responsible for the ac- of Christ?
tions of the nations of this world. The in- 1 Nevertheless, Christians should never
visible wicked one who is responsible for envy worldlings their temporary prosperi-
all mankind's woes is clearly identified in ty, for their own prospects, if they con-
the Bible as "the original serpent, the one tinue faithful, far outweigh any prosperity
called Devil and Satan, who is misleading this world can give. (Prov. 2:21, 22) This
the entire inhabited earth."-Rev. 12:9; is because the world of unbelievers itself
Matt. 13: 38, 39. is but a vain and temporary thing, for
The global system whereby Satan the John the apostle writes: "Everything in
Devil keeps in line all the nations of the the world-the desire of the flesh and the
JANUARY 8, 1968 27
desire of the eyes and the showy display righteous ones. The righteous themsetVes
of one's means of life--does not originate will possess the earth, and they will reside
with the Father, but originates with the forever upon it."-Ps. 37:16, 17, 29.
wtrld. Furthermore, the world is passing 11. The wicked are indeed prospering tt>-
away and so is its desi.re, but he that does day, tmd have been prospering during the
the will of God remains forever."-l John long centuries during which Jehovah God
2:15-17. has not· interfered with world rule by Sa-
It Happily the passing away of this pres- tan. But now a drastic change must come.
ent wicked world will not be much longer An everlasting, happy and peaceful life
delayed. The Bible, in fact, foretells the will be the reward of those who subject
sudden action that will put the wicked themselves to the will of God, whereas
ruler of this world out of action: "I saw the wicked will be blotted out. So wise
an angel coming down out of heaven with persons will 'heed and find great comfort
the key of the abyss and a great chain in in these inspired words of the Bible: "00
his hand. And he seized the dragon . . . not be envious of those doing unrighteous~
And he hurled him into the abyss and shut ness. And just a little while longer, and
it and ~eaIed it over him, that he might the wicked one will be no more; and you
not mislead the nations any more until will certainly give attention to his pl3£e,
the thousand years were ended.". (Rev. and he will not be. But the meek ones
20:1-3) Thus, in symbolic fashion, js de-
themselves will possess the earth, and they
scribed how the wicked activity by "the
god of this system of things" will come to will indeed find their exquisite! delight in
an end.-2 Cor. 4:4; see also John 12:31. the ablUldance of peace."-Ps. 37:1, 10,
\I That desirable event is to come soon,
11; also read Ecclesiastes 8:11-13.
according to aD the indications of Bible ....... .
~ " ~.. . .......
chronology and the facts of today. Mean-
time, however, while Satan still rules this tan you answer these questions,? 'f(lf onswen,
system of things, those who are servants read the article above.
of God are under test. (Rev. 2:10; 12:17) (1) Why do some persons assert that an hOl'lest
marl <annat get along in this world? (2\ How
Will they go on serving the true God in does what the ,Sible says at 1 John 5: 19 help
spite of the hatred, the persecution, the us to understand why the wicked prosper?
discriminations and other hardships (3) Who has organized and now controls and
brought to bear upon them? Will they misleads thill nations: (4) In view of Revelation
13: 7. why can no nation claim to be free from
give out and capitulate to this present the influence of Satan's global rule? IS) What
wicked system of things and its god just does God guorantee for those who seY'fe h\m
to gain the temporary enjoyment of the -amid Satan's system of things? (6) Why are
Jesus' true fol/owers hated by 01/ the nations
worldly material rewards? of this world? (7) What will be the future of
10 King David of Israel, himself a man this wicked world? (8) How does the Bible
who showed willingness to suffer for his give assurance that Satan's wicked activity will
5001'1 come to an end? (9) Meantime, what
worship of the true God) outlined the right
attitude when he wrote: "Better is the
kind of tests <orne upon those who choose
serve God, and who is responsible for these
'0
little of the righteous one than the abWl- lests: (10) How did King David rightly
dance of the many wicked ones. For the view the temporary prosperity of the wicked?
(11) What assurance does Jehovah give as to
very arms of the wicked ones will be the future of the wicked and of those who
broken, but Jehovah will be supporting the maintain faith in him?
28 AWAKE!
to 427, the Interior Ministry
announced. An area of 350
square mnes near Llsbon was
reported flooded. Many died
when houses collapsed under
the' deluge and other people
drowned In flooded lowland
areas.
Criminals Hold Uppet' Hand
• Brooklyn Borough Presi·
dent Abe Stark in a plea for
more pollee painted a grim
word picture of crime in New
York streets. "Death, robbery
and assault are no longer
news," Stark said. "Terror
stalks the citizens in the
streets." "Here in Brooklyn,
Briusn uevalue Poupd calls it a base perversion that business, social and religious
• Britain, on November 18, will ultimately bring death. activities that are normally
devalued the pound sterling by conducted in evening hours are
14.3 percent, from $2.80 to Crimes Increasing grinding to a halt. Our people
$2.40. The J1love was made in • Police Commissioner How· are convinced clime and crimi-
an attempt to lower the cost ard R. Leary of the New York nals have gained the upper
of British goods in foreign police department said, on No· hand." People reveal that they
countries in the hope that ex· vember 22, that 1967 showed are desperate and afraid for
ports would rise. In Britain de· an "abnormal bulge" in reo their lives.
valuation means higher prices ported crimes of violence
for every consumer, especially, _murder, felonious assault "As Acoeptable as Whole Blood"
for imported goods. and robbery. Statistics made • JAMA Medical News for
available showed a 13·percent October 23 says: "The use of
HomosexuaUty Defended increase in murders and a 15· Ringer's lactate solution has
• In view of what the Bible percent increase in felonious become as acceptable as whole
says at Romans 1:27·32 about assaults. In robbelies, there blood in shock and surgery pa-
homosexuality, that it is were 25,653 complaints during tients. But the key questions
wicked in God's eyes and "that the first nine months of 1967, of why it is effective and how
those practicing such things compared with 15,208 for the much of the fluid to use remain
are deserving of death," the correspondIng period of 1966. controverslaI."
pronouncements of clergymen Youth crimes are high. Arrests
who claim to serve God but of juveniles-persons under 16 "Fed Up" with Lawl£l3SDe8l!l
who publicly condone such im· years of age-for robbery are • Richard B. Morris, presi.
moral practices are shocking. up 43 percent for the nine dent of the National Associa-
On November 28 ninety Epis· months, it was reported. The tion of Real Estate Boards,
copalian priests in New York New York Times, on Novem· told the organization's conven·
state and vicinity classified ho· ber 29, stated editOrially: "The tion on November 14 that the
mosexual acts between con· increased number of crimes people of America are fed up
senting adult'S as "morally neu· in the streets is both statisti· with lawlessness. "We have
tral" and declared that in cal and actual. Things look had enough of the downgrad·
some cases such acts may even worse on paper and they are ing of law and custom, we
also worse in fact. .. New have had our fill of the deni-
be a good thing. Canon Walter gration of the police, of flag·
D. Dennis, of the Cathedral Yorkers can sense hostility
roaming the streets.... People burning, of sniping, of looting
Church of St. John the Divine, are afraid to venture out after and of a supersoft attitude
said: "A homosexual relation· dark." . toward the criminal. We have
ship between two consenting had altogether too much of the
adults should be judged by the Flash Floods courts, low and high, taking
same criteria as a heterosexual • West central Portugal was the shackles off the criminal
marriage-that is, whether it struck by torrential rains and and putting them on the om·
is intended to foster a perma· swirling floods the weekend of cers of the law.... Fundamen·
nent relationship of 'love." But November 26. The death toll tal to all our problem·solvlng
is that what God says? God from the weekend floods rose must be the re·establishment
JANUARY 8, 1968 29
of law and order.••. No nation Church III Pollee. Catholic Churcl1 in the United
which permitted a continual +A published report frern StateS. Time says: "For most
of them, the transition to secu·
drllt into lawlessness, such as Rio de Janeiro says that the
we have witnessed this past extreme left wing of BrazUlan lar ute is a traumatic experi.
swnmer, has ever endured" politics, which was all but ence. Unless a cleric enjoys
obliterated by a rnllitary revolt private means, he is usually
Pope In the U.N• in 1964, now shows sporadic broke; unless he has close rela-
.. A published Assoeiated Signs of. Ufe. Some (If \t& m~t t\VeB., he has no 'P\ace to stay.
Press dispatch, dated Novem· actIVe elements reportedly are ••. Some are so Inexperienced
ber 11, stated that a Vatican looking to Rome and the Ro- in the ways of the world that
official hinted that Pope Paul man CatholIc Church for help. they show up for job inter-
might ask United Nations The aceount says: "The most vieWS wearing sports shirts. A
membership for the Holy See. artiC\l,late voices demanding few are alcoholics. Many suf-
A member ot the Vatican state social reform in Brazil today fer from psychological prob-
secretariat told a news con- are raised by Catholic priests, lems." These former priests
ference: "In principle nothing and the only activists risking generally prefer to remain
prevents the Holy See from bloodshed in the streets are anonymous, because many peo-
participating in the UN in the members of a student organi· ple still remain susptclllus. (It
future as a member state." His zation which has its roots In them. As one ,priest said: "I
remarks were immediately the church. . . . Only in the don't go around telllng every-
taken as a trial balloon. The church, and in the student one that I used to be a priest!"
Vatican has had observer sta- movement it spawned, is there
tus at the U.N. since April 1964. any really organized protest What Value Religion?
The Vatican representative against the government and • An Iowa State UnIversity
said that the decision rested the mUltary men who chart Its professor, Dr. Richard J. Van
solely with the pope and that course." Is it any wonder that !ten, associate professor of
the pope would have to d~cide, the political element resents philosophy, wrote In a high
which implied that the pope religious meddling? school newspaper what he
was consi.dering the matter. thought about religion. He
Results of Drinldng said: Religion is "the rotten
In Parochial Schools .. Americans alone drink residue of generations past."
• Warren Hinckle, a promi- about 215,000,000 gallons of "There is little in It (reli:;ion)
nent lay Catholic, in Novem- alcoholic beverages a year. No- of value." "Whatever its intrin-
ber's Ramparts Magazine, body knows for' certain how sic value, our religion ... reeks
founded by lay Catholics, re- many Americans take a drInk of tllc pungent sickening odor
portedly tells of hfs own expe- occasionally. But the number ,of man," Dr. Van !ten wrote.
rience in parochial schools, of alcoholics, people who re- Other excerpts from his guest
where "one gained the impres· peatedly drink too much, now editorial: "We (the older gen·
sian that reading the Bible is eat\mated at 4. to 5 mllUon, eration) have tried religion.
mIght not be a good idea be- about 4 percent of the adult
cause it was filled with danger- American population. Many Too frequently it has tried us.
ous passages that only the claim th~ estimate Is low. Re- We have nothing to pass on
Church could properly Inter· cent evidence from eight states to yoU (the younger genera-
pret for you.... All 1 learned indfcates that anywhere from tion)-except whatever you
about Jews was that Christ 47 to &7 percent 01' the drivers are foolIsh enough to receive.
had kicked them out of the
temple for money~hanging involved in fatal accidents had This includes religion •.. Be
(nobody, nun or priest, made been drinking. In 1965, auto- religious-if you will. But, for
much about ChrIst being a mobiles took 49,000 lives, man's sake, do not look to us
Jew, too). Adjectives llke 'per- caused 1,800,000 disabling In- tot he1p. "Those who cannot
fidious' were applied to them juries and cost about $8,900,· help themselves too often in·
in the prayers we had to mem- 000,000 in property damage, sist on helping others." Much
orize. A course in anti·commu· wage losses, medical expenses of what the professor says is
nism was reqUired," writes and Insurance. The Bible ad· true, but he falls to differen-
HlnckIe of his Catholic college vises moderation, and obvious· tiate the true religion from
training. "I found my experi- the false. As a result he shares
ly for good reasons.
ence to be typical of other dis· with the falling religions in
illusioned or disenfranchised Former Prlesu undermining the spirItual and
Catholics who have gone .. According' to Tims for No- moral values of otheu a.nd
through Catholic schools.. It \a
therefore no wonder that there vember 24, in the 'past 18 throws a greater load on par-
is a revolt going on in the months an EtsUmated 400 ents who seek to give proper
Catholic Church in America." priests have left the Roman guidance to their children.
30 AWAKEl
The "New Morality'" word from the recent Wash- CathoItc'Revolt
.. At the 87th annual meeting ington march is that "demon· .. The Washington Merry-Go-
of the West VIrginia Counell strations are all over ... from Round ;}lY Drew Pearson re-
of Churches held in Parkers-j now oll, it's la bombe plas. veals ~~al revolt within the
burg, one of the principal tique." A group, of delegates to Catholi, chUrch in America.
speakers, Dr. Joseph Fletcher, the U.S. Conference on Church This re olt has "found pritf'1ts
an EpIscopal seminary profes. and Society asserted, on Octo- rebelling against the hierarctlY
sor, told assembled churchmen ber 24, that violence Is "an in· at catholic University in Wash·
such things as: "Unmarried herent fact in our society". ington, Father William Dubay
love would be infinItely supe- and urged churches to identify calling Cardinal McIntyre of
rior to married unlove"; that with victims of violence. Mo- Los Angeles a bIgot." Dubay,
he had "no doubt about the tion pictures and television are now suspended, urged that the
,dIvinity of Jesus" but some· alive with violence. One movie church give up its tax·exempt
times he has "trouble believing is proudly advertised as "dirty status. "If the Church's $44 bU·
in the divinity of God." If you --a combination of lust, impo. lfon of tax·free property were
are wondering why the low tency, vulgarity, nudity, neuro- taxed at normal rates," the
moral tOljle in the world today, sis, brutality, voyeurism, priest pleaded, "enormous fed·
perhaps you can see the clergy· hatred and insanity that culmi- eral benefits could go to the
man's words as a contributing nates in murder." Without a poor." Of the 180,000 nuns in
reason. doubt we are witnessing the the United States, The Ladies'
Violence In Society fruitage of a decadent society Home JournaZ estimates that,
.. Recent civil rights demon· as this system of things speeds in 1966, 3,600 cast off their
strations have spilled over into to its end at God's war of Ar· robes in revolt against Church
violence. And one alarming mageddon. conservatism.
tXXXXXJIXXIXXXXIIIIXXX;IXXIIXIIXXIXXXXIXXIXIIXIIXIXIXIIIIXXIXIIIIIIIII)
Disf:l~~o.
Post
Town County""."., .......... ,., ........ .
JANUARY 8, 1968 31
Who has come to know the
mind of God? Do you think any-
one can? It is possible-with
God's help, Said the apostle
Paul: "Now we received ... the
spirit which is from God, that
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32 AWAKE/
,- -,. -- -~ ."
What Is Femininity?
Th. Blbl. tran,l.tlon rlllol.'ly ~ .... In "Ank'!" I. Iho Now W... ld T,.n,lttl.n .r th Holy S... lphr ... 1961 ..III,n.
Wh •• ~ ... 1'.....I.tlonlllO "HI, t~b IJ ~1.arIJ .. ",hd.
CONTENTS
Can You Yield When There Is Brood of the Serpent 17
the Time for It? 3 21
Tikal-Deserted City in the Jungle
Why Many Men Shun Religion 5
Why Britain Devalued the Pound 25
A New Kind of Furnace
-tn'" ·N-.:..I:;\£:'a""t "'i:\.eac'i.Q""t ~ "D'Ning "'Women 2.
People and More People 12 "Yollr Word Is Truth"
What Is Femininity? 13 The Virgin Birth~Legend or Fact? 27
Lisbon's Flash Flood I. Watching the World 29
"It is already the hour for you to awoke."
_Romon' 13 :11
4 AWA.KE!
WHY MANY to the man to see that the
bills are paid. The home
MEN chores have been relegat-
ed to the woman, and
somehow religion and its
responsibilities have be-
SHUN come a part of these
chores. Where there are
children, and the husband
is approached on the sub-
ject of religion, he is of-
ten found to say some-
thing to this effect: "My
wife sees to it that the
RELIGION children are rel~giously
trained," Somehow he
does not feel that that is
does religion appeal to men? his responsibility.
Where can men find a religion to their liking?
Religion is thus widely
:11" (C}\\
HE amount of energy stored in the
T nucleus pr core of the atom has been
spectacularly demonstrated by nuclear
bomb explosions. Harnessing this energy
for constructive purposes, man has devel- nucleus roughly as large' as a ping-pong
oped reactors or furnaces that use the ball or about an inch in diameter, it would
same type of fuel as contained in atomic weigh about 1.6 x 109 tons or 1.6 thou~
bombs. These "furnaces" emit no smoke sand million tons. This gives us some idea
and have no flame but are currently being of how dense the nucleus is.
used to generate electricity for homes and
industry. Almost anywh_ere that large en- We might liken the atom to a fig hang-
gines can be used, reactors may nnd ap- ing by a string, with flies buzzing all
around it The flies correspond to the elec-
plication. How does the nuclear "furnace"
trons and the fig to the nucleus. Just as
work?
the fig is composed of seeds distributed
Power reactors are used to generate
throughout the meat of the fig, the neu-
power, and the heat produced by the re-
trons and protons are thought to be more
actor is normally used to drive a generator
or less uniformly distributed throughout
to provide electricity. We will look at pow- the nuclear volume.
er reactors from the viewpoint that they
are large furnaces. To understand how re- The number of protons or positively
actors are operated, it is helpful to learn charged particles in the nucleus deter-
some of the prinCiples by which they work. mines whether the atom is an iron atom
or an atom of sulfur, and so forth. Atoms
have the same number of electrons or neg-
The Atom Itself
Reactors were made possible by the dis- atively charged particles moving outside
covery (1939) of nuclear fission or the the nuclear region as protons in the nu-
breaking of a heavy nucleus of an atom cleus so that the nucleus as a whole is elec-
into two roughly equal smaller nuclei. trically neutral. For example, an iron atom
Most of us have a mental picture of what has 26 protons and 26 electrons, but it can
an atom looks like. We imagine a very have any number of neutrons or neutral
small central bit of matter that has elec- particles, from about 25 to 35, and still it
trons swirling about it. The central por- will be an iron atom. If there are 28 neu-
tion of the -atom is called the nucleus, and trons in the nucleus, this is called iron-54.
it itself is made up of smaller bits of mat- The number 54 is called the "mass num-
ter called protons and neutrons that are ber" and is obtained by adding the num-
packed very closely together. If we had a ber of protons to the number of neutrons,
JANUARY fe, 1968 9
to ubtain the total nwnber of particles 236, The uranium-236 is unstable or has
comprising the nucleus. an excess amount of energy so that it is
caused to split into approximately two
The Fuel equal fission fragments or elements dif-
The fuel that most reactors "burn" is a ferent from the uranium. This is called the
white metal called uranium. Uranium con- fission of uranium-235, but it is really
tains 92 protons and is chemically similar uranium-236 that is split apart or "burned."
to chromiwn. This fuel for atomic furnac- The fission or splitting of uranium-235
es is mined out of the ground much as coal by slow neutrons produces an average of
is 'out must be -processeU i.n oro.er to get 1t 2.41 neutrons. Sometimes none are emit-
in a chemically pure form. Deposits of ted. Other fissions may emit as many as
uranium are found in Colorado and Utah five neutrons. A typical fission is shown in
in the United States, Czechoslovakia, Dem- the illustration below, indicating the fis-
ocratic Republic of Congo and the Great sion fragments of tin and molybdenum.
Polar Lake Region in northern Canada. A The fission fragments are not always these
great deal of uranium prospecting is go- two elements; they can be any element
ing on today due to the sharp increase in from zinc, which has thirty protons in the
reactor use. nucleus, to dysprosium, which has sixty-
Uranium "burns" in a nuclear reactor six protons.
or an atomic furnace in a significantly dif- One might ask, from where does the
ferent way than the ordinary burning of "t\'I:~ ~\'l.~ ~~~ ~'\ Th "*A<.t'l"f® 'l.'lWfl 1:t
coal, oil or wood. When these materials start-up source. There are several types of
burn, it is the electrons of the atom that start-up sources; a common one is called
are acted upon. But when uranium burns a radium-berylliUrt1 source. This soW'Ce
in an atomic furnace the nucleus itself is normally consists of a small disk about an
changed. This "burning" process is called inch thick and perhaps an inch in diameter
nuclear fission. The particular "isotope" or and is made of radium and beryllium. Ra-
type of uranium !bat is nonnally used
diwn is a radioactive substance and de-
is that with a mass number of 235, that
cays into another element called radon
is, uraniwn-235. Other nuclear fuels are
uraniurn-233, plutoniwn-239, uraniwn-238 and heliwn-4 (an alpha particle). One
and thorium-232. gram of radium (0.0022 lh.) emits about
'b1 \~~9:0c,·,..&.. Th\\\\:v"'fJ. 'M."!J'u.<.t If<fl''l'lt:~ -every
The Neutron second. These alpha particles strike a be-
The "match" that causes the uraniwn ryllilmi nucleus (beryllium is a light met-
to fission or split into ~arts is a neutron, al) and cause carbon to be formed and a
a constituent of the nucleus. If a neutron neutron to be emitted. With a source of
comes very close to the uraniwn-235 nu-
cleus, it may be absorbed by the nucleus;
OUTGOING ' " (FISSION
then the uranium-235 becomes uraniwn- NEUTRON "b Cf
/'1 FRAGM!NTl
TIN·130
INCOMING NEUTRON
o ) OU 235
'O\U
-, '6
3 OTHER
ourgolNG NEUTRON
-. 7
~ ... _) RADIATJOY Ci"~~ "Q..~F-"fl).
BEFORE FISSION IMMEDIATELY ~- ~ MOlYBDENLIM-104
BEFOItE FISSION IMMEDIATElY AFTER FISSION
SCHEMATIC PICTURE Of THE FISSION OF URANIUM-.235
10 AWAKE!
this type about ten million neutrons are spending a greater period of time in the
emitted every second. When one wants to vicinity of the catcher. Reactors, there-
start the reactor, the neutron source is fore, have a moderating material, such as
inserted into or near the core, and this water, to slow down the neutrons.
source provides the neutrons to start the It is easy to see that if 2.41 neutrons
reactor. are produced per fission and that if each
of these neutrons would cause another fis-
A Chain Reaction sion, the rate at which the fissions would
At least some of the 2.41 neutrons pro- occur in the reactor would increase very
duced in the fission of uranium are then rapidly. However, some of the neutrons
used to cause other uranium nuclei to fis- leak out and some are captured in other
sion. This process continues so that a point materials that do not fission. Thus one_
is reached where the neutrons from the does not obtain in practice 2.41 more fis-
fission of one atom cause at least one more sions for each fission that has occurred.
fission. If these fissions then produce more Still a method for controlling the rate of
neutrons that cause more fissions, there is fissjoning is necessary, since the number
a chain reaction or a self-sustaining pro- of fissions occurring each second is pro-
cess. This process is somewhat like a cell portional to the heat generated or the pow-
in a plant or animal that splits to form er of the reactor. Without a control sys-
two more cells, and then the two splitting tem the furnace might melt or it might
to make four, and so forth, so that a vast explode in an uncontrolled chain reaction,
number of cells can be obtained from a such as is produced in a nuclear bomb.
single cell. The same is true in a reactor.
Large numbers of fissions can occur from The Control System and Shield
the fission of a single nucleus due to its The control system of a reactor consists
multiplicative nature. In order for the of control rods that can be inserted into
process to be self-sustaining, so that the the fuel area and withdrawn from it by
nuclear fire does not go out, a certain min- electronic means. These control rods are
imum amount of fuel must be present, de- made of materials, like boron or cadmium,
pending on how pure the uranium is and which have a very high probability of cap-
many other factors. This minimum amount turing neutrons so that these captured
of fuel is called a critical mass. The criti- neutrons cannot cause more fissions to
cal mass varies considerably but is normal- take place. The rods absorb neutrons much
ly of the order of about ten pounds of as a sponge absorbs water. If the fission
uranium-235. rate or the power of the reactor increases
One difficulty that must be overcome is too rapidly. this is sensed by a neutron
that the neutrons that are born in the detector coupled to an electronic system
fission process are very energetic, and so the reactor is automatically shut down
they must be slowed dOwn, that is, moder- by quickly inserting. the control rods; this
ated. The reason for slowing the neutrons is called "scramming" the reactor.
down is that a uranium nucleus is much The reactor, then, consists of the fuel,
more likely to catch or capture a slow- uranium-235, mixed with a moderator, like
moving neutron than it is a fast-moving water, for slowing the neutrons down, con-
neutron. This is like a baseball catcher's trol rods for control of the chain reaction
being more likely to catch a wild slow ball and a start-up source, all contained in a
than he can a fast one, because of the ball's shield of some sort.
JANUARY 22, 1968 11
Since radiation is emitted when
WATER
nuclei bum or fission, it is nec-
essary to protect personnel and
NOEll PRESSUR ~
) I
others from this radiation. There r.==!"=;,
are three types of radiation that STEAM
come from reactors: beta rays, WATER
ganuna rays and neutrons. All of
these are harmful to the body. Of-
ten a thick concrete encasement, CONDENSER
called the shield, surrQunds th~ ~
heart or core of the reactor. Other
materials are al~o used for shield- DIAGRAM OF POWER GENERATING STATION USING
A REACTOR AS THE HEAT SOURCE OF fURNACE
jng.
The Furnace's Potential mid Advantages in design and development. Nuclear re-
The fission process causes a great deal actors can be made large enough to fur-
of heat to be generated. This energy reaIly nish electricity for an entire city.
comes from the Einstein mass-energy re- Besides the advantage of producing vast
lation, which gives the amount of energy amounts of energy from a small amount
produced when matter is transformed to of fuel, atomic reactors have another in-
energy. The smaIl difference in matter be- teresting advantage over conventional
fore and after fission is transformed into powel: 'Plants. It <,;eems 'Possible for reactors
energy. One pound of matter, if completely to produce more fissionable fuel than they
converted into energy, would yield the consume. At first this may seem impos-
same amount of energy as that from burn- sible, but let us look at the situation more
ing 1,500,000 tons of coal. The fission of closely. If the core of the reactor is made
about 1 gram (0.0022 lb.) of material pro- of plutonium-239 wrapped in a blanket of
duces about one million watts of power, uranium-238, which is not fissionable wi.th
so the reactor is a potentially important slow neutrons, these neutrons that would
source of energy. leak: out of the reactor are captured by
In order to use this energy generated in the U 238 , making uno. This element is
a reactor, the heat transferred from the radioactive and eventuaIIy (a week or so)
reactor core is used to raise the tempera- becomes plutonium~239, the fuel used to
ture of some cooling material, say water. generate power to begin with. However,
Then the hot water is used to drive a tur- one did have to put the U 238 in the reactor,
bine to generate electric power. The ac- so there was not a i'creation" of fuel from
companying diagram sh,ows roughly how nothing but really a converting of one nu-
such a system is connected. clear species to another, the latter being
The present cost of power obtained from fissionable with thermal neutrons.
a reactor is difficult to estimate due to the Certainly the reactor is a useful out-
relatively small number of nuclear power growth of modem technology and can be
plants in operation. Much of the cost is still used for man's benefit.
Latin America has the highest birthrate in, the world, and if things
were to continue at the present rate its population would double
within thirty·five years.
12 AWAKE!
What
is
16 AWAKE!
ERPENTS, to most peo-
S ple, are repulsive. An
air of mystery and inscru.
tability surrounds them.
Their sly and sinuous
movements and the
deadly power of poison
fangs and crushing
coils only. add to this
impression. How fitting
that the great arch-deceiver, Satan, first considered that the Serpent in Eden by
appeared under the figure of a seductive misleading Eve was the liberator of man
serpent! In this guise he intimated that he from the power of Jehovah, whom they
could make available to our first parents regarded with abhorrence." They put faith
hidden, divine wisdom that would render in that original lie: "Your eyes are bound
them godlike. (Gen. 3:4. 5) By rendering to be opened and you are bound to be like
obedience to his counsel Adam and Eve God, knowing good and bad.~'-Gen. 3:5.
became the first worshipful slaves of the
great Serpent. Spread of the Serpentine Cult
That great deception in Eden in due After the Deluge brought destruction
time produced numerous sects that came upon a world of men who followed the way
to be called Ophites, from the word Oph, of the Serpent, the false doctrine again
signifying "serpent." Other variations of found its place in the minds of one of the
this word are: Ope, Oupis, Eph, Opis, families descended from Noah. Which
Ops, Upis, Ob, Aub, Oub and Eva. The family? Pointing to the sons of Cush,
learned writer Joseph Bryant, in his An- whose kingdom first took root in Babel
cient Mythology, declares: and other cities of Mesopotamia, the book
"In Persis and In other parts of the East Ancient Mythology offers this informa-
they erected temples to the serpent tribe, tion: "The worship of the serpent began
and held festivals to their honor, esteeming
them as the supreme of all Gods, and the
among them [the Cushites], and they
superintendents of the whole world. The were hence denominated Ethopians, and
worshIp began with the people of Chaldea. Aithopians, which the Greeks rendered
They built the city Opis upon the Tigris Aithiopes) so-called from Ath-Ope, and
and were greatly addicted to divination, Ath-Opis, the God which they worshiped."
and to the worship of the serpent From
Chaldea the worship passed to Egypt. where
Ath was a sacred title. Thus there were
the serpent ,deity was called Can·oph, Can· Ethiopians long before Ethiopia took its
eph, and C'neph. . . . The chief Deity of name from one Ethiop who was a deity,
Egypt 1s said to have been Vulcan, who was according to the Roman writer Pliny.
also styled Opas, as we learn from CIcero.
He was the same as Osiris, the Sun, and
From Egypt the cult spread to the Gre-
hence was often called Ob·EI or Pytho·Sol." cian islands. Says J. Salvador, in his book
The Ophite sects had certain things in Institutions de Mdise (Mosaic Institu-
common. The serpent was their symbol, tions): "It is certain that in imitation of
said to represent the unseen power that the Egyptians, the serpent later became
first brought enlightenment to man. As among the Greeks the emblem of Hygeia,
stated in The Encyclopedia Americana, goddess of health, and of Aesculapius, god
1956 edition, llnder "Ophites": "They of medicine. The motive for this chOice
JANUARY 22, 1968 17
is probe.bly the same teen miles north a!
which. in GenesiS, made Hebron, was found a
the serpent representa- household stela show~
tive of moral seduction." ing a Canaanite god~
In Phoenicia, the ser- dess with a large snake
pent with its tail in its coiled about her. Beth·
mouth was a symbol of shan, notorious as the
the world and of the city upon whose wall Phoenic:ian symbol
of eternity
Hygeia and
Aesculapius beaven.god Taaut, as King Saul's headless
well as. the emblem 01 bOO)! wa~ h\Ulg, is believed to have been
eternity. The Ophiogenes of Phrygia, Asia a center of the serpent cult Plaques bear-
Minor, declared themselves the descen- ing serpents, as weIl as shrine houses with
dants of a serpent-hero, and claimed the serpents as part of their architectural de-
power of healing serpent bites. spartans, cor, were uncovered there. Beth-shan is
too, were Ophites, worshiping the sun understood to be the same as Beth-Zan,
under the figure of a serpent, ilnd dis- and Zan Was the name under which the
playing the serpent motif on their shields. serpent deity Jater came to be knOwn by
In aU of this we can note but a vast ex- the Spartans.
tension of Devil worship. It is said that a golden viper was adored
Eastward the cult spread to embrace among the pagans of Lombardy until a
India, Siam, Burma, China and Japan. missionary of Christendom cotwe-ct.ed tb.'!
Sculpture on the BUddhist memorial idol into utensils for the celebration of the
mound at Sanchi, central India, reveals Mass. A snake was fed and honored in the
scenes in which a race of snake worshipers temple of the Slavonic god, Potrimpos. In
adore the multiheaded serpent deity in north Germany and Scandinavia there afe
traditions relating that "whoever is so
his temple. Vishnu is often depicted as ly-
fortunate as to catch a snake with a crown
ing asleep on Ananta, this Same multi- on its head, or. as it is called. a royal
headed serpent, said to represent eternity. snake, becomes 'fremsynet' (i.e., able to
Siva appears at times with earrings of ser- see into hidden things), understands the
pents, and often he is shown entwined by speech of animals and can read any book
them. The Hindus, according to J. D. Rees, whatsoever."· Ancient Prussian snake
in The Real India, "make ()ffel:ing~ to the worshi-p was marked by the offering of
King of Snakes, whose worship, in one food to the household serpent. Every~
form or another, and to a greater or less where we find the link with the false deity
extent, prevails all over India." And quite whose voice was heard in Eden through
recently a current magazine published a the instrumentality of the serpent.
photograph of a Burmese priestess Even to the western hemisphere
culminating a fertility rite by kiss- the serpent cult extended its bedev-
ing a king cobra, whose fangs and iling influence. To the Mexican In-
venom sacs were still intact dians the bringer of Civilization,
The Israelites must have met the god of learning and culture.
with many evidences of the god of the air, was
this degrading worship, Quetza1coatl, and his sym-
and not in EgyPt alone.
• Northern Mythology, Benjamln
At Kiriath-sepher, thir_ Temple of Queualcoatl ThOrpe, VOl. II, .page 217.
18 AWAKE!
bol-a feathered serpent! Tenayuca, some sects that professed to accept the gospel
six miles north of Mexico City, was of Christ, perhaps the Cainites carried to
known to the Spanish conquerors as "the its most extreme form the misrepresenta~
Place of the Serpents." "Carved rattle~ tion of the Bible record. In addition to
snakes were everywhere, inside and out. claiming the serpent to be a purveyor of
T\vo huge stone serpents occupied the heavenly wisdom and a savior from igno~
principal altar; 156 lesser carvings rested rance, they took the position that all the
on a narrow walk around the temple godless characters in Bible history had
platform; snake heads protruded from been slandered, and that Cain and other
walls and staiI'\vays. Altogether, there like fighters against Jehovah were in fact
were at least 800 representations of ser- SPiritual heroes. They even believed that
pents in and about this place of worship." Judas Iscariot was the only disciple suffi~
-National Geographic, January 1948. ciently enlightened to betray the Master
Columns and balustrades at ChicMn- so that he might victoriously terminate
Itza, Mexico, abound with examples of the his course of sacrifice.
serpent motif. In Peru, too, there is evi- The close ties between the Ophite sects
dence that the Indians worshiped great and Gnosticism are most significant. The
snakes before they received the religion of term Gnostic, of course, is derived from
the Incas. The Great Serpent Mound the Greek word gnosis~ wl)ich has the
northwest of Portsmouth, Ohio, takes the meaning "insight into divine truth."
form of a 1300~foot-long serpent, and was Again we are reminded of Satan's prom·
obviously used by Indians of the region ise to Eve. And, having in mind that the
for religious and ceremonial purposes. The Ophite and Gnostic cults were united in
Snake clan af the Moqui Indians of Ari- their abhorrence of Jehovah, whom they
zona claim to be descendants of a woman describe as a malignant demiurge or low-
who gave birth to snakes, and they be- er type of god responsible for ali the evils
lieve that at death they will be trans~ of this present life, it is quite startling to
formed into snakes. find their views, as listed by Gibbons,
Snake worship spread throughout the the historian, very closely approximating
continent of Africa also. According to the those of many who today adopt the name
Encyclopcedia Britannica, 9th edition, un~ "Christian" :
der "Totemism"; "The Psylli, a Snake clan "The Mosaic account of the creation and
of Africa had a test of kinship; they ex- fall of man was treated with profane de·
rision by the Gnostics, who would not listen
posed their new~born babies to snakes, and with patience to the repose of the Deity
if the snakes left them unharmed or only after six days' labor, to the rib of Adam,
bit without killing them, the children were the garden of Eden, the tree of life and of
legitimate; otherwise they were bastards. knowledge, the speaking serpent, the for·
... In Senegambia a python is expected bidden fruit, and the condemnation pro-
nounced against humankind for the Venial
to visit every child of the Python clan offence of their first progcnitors."-DecUne
within eight days after birth. . . . Mem~ and Fall of the Roman Empire, Vol. II, page
bers of [this clan] profess to heal . . . 85.
persons who have been bitten by serpents." History demonstrates that many of the
Ophite and Gnostic sects deteriorated into
Ophites Since the Time of Christ the most degraded movements, counte-
Thus the devotees of Satanism spread nancing and practicing every lust of the
to every land and continent. Of the Ophite flesh, on the false assumption that the
JANUARY 22, 1968 19
matters of this life have little to do with thurches and burial places are common
the future. They believed that their hopes "works" of such Satanists. Devotees pro-
for the futUre depended upon the ultimate fess to believe that by leaguing themselves
defeat of Jehovah. Indeed, some of them with the Devil and offering him their wor-
believed they were contributing toward ship they can assure for themselves his
that objective by challenging and defying help, not only in the affairs of this life,
the moral principles set forth in the He- but also in the region of the dead. They
brew Scriptures. even engage in active proselytism on be-
One of the Gnostic sects had a .strange half~ of their respective sects. They watch
method of celebrating what they caned for regular attendants at lectures on spir-
"holy communion." Just prior to partak- itism, necromancy and kindred subjects,
ing of the bread they permitted a serpent and slyly cultivate their acquaintance. It
to pass over it as it lay upon the table. is then easy to persuade unwary ones to
Only then did they consider the bread as become initiated into their societies.
sacred. In America, in Britain and throughout
Europe it is reported that such diabolic
Serpent Worship Today cults are to be found in many of the large
As late as the eighteenth centW'y it is cities. People of higher than ordinary
reported that serpents were still being education are the prime targets for con-
adored in remote villages of Russia. But version, since they are more likely to be
mch. iguoraut and. ~r\.m:i.tive WQTIh\~ ~ ~ \n.m~~ b"j ~ 1;'i'ii·itiJ.1:o'C til "'n'l\':iilerl 'wrs-
nothing compared with the many develop- dom/' Additional danger to the merely
ments of Satanism in our own time. High- "curious" is posed by the use~of hypnotic
ly educated men and women profess to and spiritistic powers by practitioners of
worship the Devil. one doctor in the Unit- Satanism.
ed States openly professes himself a Sa- Add to all the foregoing today's wide-
tanist, and calls his theological persuasion spread belief that man possesses an im-
OphitiC Gnostic. The Oklahoma City mortal soul, based upon teachings of
Times of July 5, 1954, reported: "There ancient Babylon, where the Chaldeans
is more active Satan-worship today than carried on serpent worship. AlsO to be
ever since the Dark Ages, when witches noted is the worldwide revolt against any
were burned upon Tower Hill. . . . When form of moral restt'aint~ a feature alwa¥&
a Sunday 1n Decem"ber taUs on the tnir- so closely tied in with the cult of the Ser·
teenth day of the month, and is, therefore, pent. Crime multiplies. The rule of law
the thirteenth day before Christma.s, ... is being abandoned on every hand.
men and women will congregate at mid-
night in secret temples of South Kensing- However, the very God whom Satan
ton, Paddington and, I believe, Blooms- worshipers deride is the God who con-
bury, too, to strip off their clothes and demns all of their lawless acts, tl1eir dis-
worship Satan with ritual and sacrifice honesties, their wars, their immoralities.
that would shame an African savage." And l1e it is who has decreed the end of
According to the pOlice such rites have the original Serpent and all hIS brood, in-
led to murder, suicide and insanity. At cluding those who misname themselves
'the- ee:t~t\~ the 1Jr'(\\'wo.rj ~\~)1U'i'l'tUs "Cnn-st'J.-a:n." ~Don, nDw, '(be great 'Issue
of decency and morality are derided. between Jehovah and Satan will be for~
Black magic, secret orgies, desecration of ever settled. The apostle John gives us this
20 AWAKE!
assurance: "I saw an angel coming down him into the abyss and shut it and sealed
out of heaven with the key of the abyss it over him, that he might not mislead the
and a great chain in his hand. And he nations any more until the thousand years
seized the dragon, the original serpent, were ended." (Rev. 20:1·3) What a grand
who is the Devil and Satan, and bound day that will be for all who hate the lie
him for a thousand years. And he hurled and love the truth!
1/lvl"l tvom(1II
• Along the seacoasts of Korea and Japan there are about 30,000 women
who support their families by diving for shellfish and edible seaweeds.
Without special breathing equipment they dive in depths varying from
fifteen to eighty fcet, holding their breath as much as two minutes.
They forage the sea bottom in this manner four hours a day in warm
weather. Even a pregnant woman may work up to the day of delivery
and then nurse her baby afterward between diving shifts.
26 L1WAKE!
lations is to the effect that these chapters
were recognized as authentic Scr~pture
from earliest times. Further, Luke's typi-
cal medical language incontrovertibly
stamps the first three chapters of his Gos-
pel as his.
Equally without foundation in fact is
the claim that the virgin birth of Jesus
finds no support in the rest of the Chris-
tian Greek Scriptures. If not expliaitly
stated, it is incontestably implied time
sTHE virgin birth of Jesus Christ a
I historical fact or merely an unsupported'
legend? Among recent answers given to
and again, and that in particular by Jesus
himself, and by his apostles John and Paul.
Repeatedly Jesus referred to his previous
that question is the one found in the popu- existence before he was born as a man.
lar book The Life of Christ (1967) by the He said that he "descended from heaven,"
Italian author Marcello Craveri and which that "1 am the living bread that came
has been translated into English. Accord- down from heaven," and that "before
ing to him, the virgin birth "is a belief Abraham came into existence, 11 have
that does not go back to the time of J eSllS been." Further, he prayed: "Father, glo-
and therefore it can be disregarded by rify me alongside yourself with the glory
those who concern themselves with the that I had alongside yOU before the
historical rather than the legendary re- world was." What could be plainer than
construction of the life of Jesus himself." these statements? For Jesus to have an
And from the Toronto Daily Star, Au- unbroken existence even as he himself
gust 23, 1967, we learn that in the Nether- testified, he simply could not have had Jo-
lands many Roman Catholic priests and seph as his father but must have had Je-
theologians no longer believe in the virgin hovah God, who transferred his life from
birth of Jesus Christ but hold that Jo- heaven to the womb of the virgin Mary.
seph was his natural father. In this they -John 3:13; 6:51; 8:58; 17:5; Matt. 1:18-
are taking the position that many Protes- 25; Luke 1:26-35.
tant clergymen have taken, such as H. E. As for the testimony of the apostle
Fosdick, who some twenty years ago John, he begins his Gospel by telling that
wrote in his book The Man from Nazareth: the Word, later to become Jesus, was with
"There is no evidence in the Gospels, God in the beginning and that all things
apart from the birth stories themselves, came into existence through him. Also
that any member of Jesus' family or any that "the Word became flesh and resided
of his first disciples ever thought of him among us," as the "only-begotten son."
as virgin born." How could it be said that the Word be-
A favorite claim of those who deny the came flesh, clearly implying a prehuman
virgin birth of Jesus is that the opening
existence, if Joseph had been Jesus' fa~
chapters of Matthew and Luke were later
additions. But for this they have abso- ther? Yes, how could Joseph have been
lutely no manuscript authority but are his father and yet Jesus, in his prehuman
merely engaging in wishful thinking. The existence, be the one through whom all
united testimony of the oldest Greek things c~me into existence? The only way
manuscripts and oldest versions or trans- these things could be true of Jesus was by
JANUARY 22, 1968 27
his having had a virgin birth.-John 1: of Jesus he had to have a J;!erfect Father,
1-3.14. not imperfect JosePh._Rom. 5:12; Job
And the apostle Paul gives us similar 14:4; 1 Pet. 2:22; Beb. 7:26; John 8:46.
testimony. In comparing Jesus Christ with And it was absolutely necessary, yes,
Adam he says:_ "The first man is cut of imperative that Jes1.ls be sinless, for he
the earth and made of dust; the second came, as he himself confessed, "not to be
man [Jesus] is out of heaven." How ministered to, but to minister and to give
could it be said that Jesus was "out of his soul a ransom in exchange for many."
heaven" if Joseph had been bis father? None of Adam's imperfect offspring could
He would no more have been out of heaven do that, even as the psalmist shows at
than any other man that ever lived. Fur~ Psalm 49:7, 8. As John the Ba:pti:st pro-
ther, in counseling Christians to lowliness claimed, J esos was "the Lamb of God that
of mind Paul points to the example of Je~ takes away the sin of the world!" Support-
sus, "who, although he was existing in ing this truth are the words of Paul:
God's form, gave no consideration to a ''There is one God, and one mediator be-
seizure, namely, that he should be equal to tween God and men, a man Christ Jesus,
God. No, but he emptied himself and. took who gave himself a corresponding ransom
a slave's form and came to be in the like- for. all."-Matt. 20:28; John 1 :29;.1 Tim.
ness of men." Then again, Paul refers to 2:5, 6.
Jesus as "the image of the invisible God, In further support of the virgin birth is
the firstborn of all creatlon; becaUse- by the fact that the early "Christians," imme-
means of him all other things were Cl"eated diately after the daY$ of the apostles, with
in the heavens and upon the earth," there- extremely rare exceptions, all held to the
by corroborating what John said about the virgin birth of Jesus. They defended tbis
Word.-1 Cor:-15:47; Phil. 2:5-8; Col. 1: teaching against both Jews and pagans,
15.16. even as their writings shoW. This certainly
In fact, even in the Hebrew Scriptures could not have been the case had the vir-
we have an intimation of Jesus' virgin gin birth been a legend or myth that
birth. 'rhus the prophet Micah foretold gradually developed, especially since there
that from Bethlehem will come "the one is no record in the Hebrew Scriptures of
who is to become ruler in Israel, whose virgin births taking place. Pagans had
origin is from early times, from the days myths of virgin births, but not the Jews.
of time indefinite."-Mic. 5:2. -(The) Virgin Birth of Christ-Orr
Support for Jesus' virgin birth is also (1907) ; Machen (1930).
found in his sinlessness. Becau$e of So we cannot escape it. We cannot deny
Adam's transgression "sin entered into the historicity of the virgin birth merely
the world and death through sin, and thus by trying to do away with the first chaP-
death spread to aU men because they had ters of Matthew and Luke, for which there
all sinned." As Job observed: "Who can exists no justification whatever. The Word
produce someone clean out of someone un- of God, the Bible, stands or falls together
clean?" No one1 But Jesus was without
on this teaching. Men without faith may
sin. He could challenge his opposers to con-
stumble at the miracles recorded in the
vict him of any sin. Of him his apostles
wrote that "he committed no sin, neither Bible, but those with faith know that
was deception found in his mouth," and «with God no declaration will be an im-
that he was "guileless, undefiled, separat- possibility," even as the angel Gabriel
ed from the sinners." For this to be true assured the virgin Mary.-Luke 1:37.
AWAKE!
28
bring such stablllty to human
society does not leave God-
fearing persons without hope.
The Bible foretold long In ad-
vance the conditions now on
earth, and it also gives details
concerning the peaceful new
order sure to come by means
of the kingdom of God.
"Thou Shalt Not KIll"
'* A published ASSOciated
Press dispatch said: "A chap.
lain is conducting an Army-
wide crusade through closed
circuit television espousing the
premise that a soldier does not
violate the Biblical command-
ment 'Thou Shalt Not Kill' when
Earthquakes Strike percent of the total number of he goes into battle. 'A soldier
+ The subcontinent of India, cases are reported. doesn't kill for personal gain,'
said the Baptist Maj. Eugene
from Bombay to Bangalore,
E. Allen. 'He doesn't murder.'''
was shaken by an earthquake
on December 11. At least 100
persons were killed and more
'*
Soul-searching EdItorial
The national Catholic
weekly, The Tablet, laments
The fact that soldiers are serv-
ing their country renders the
than 1,000 injured in the quake. "the growing proportion of commandment irrelevant to
The magnitude of the earth· Catholics in prison." It sug- the United. States fighting man
quake was 6.25 on the Richter gests there could be a link Allen said. Do you agree with
scale. The' most destructive with "too permissive Catholic that? Did the fact that Hitler's
quakes are 7.9 on the scale. attitudes towards liquor" and soldiers were serving their
Koyna, a power project town reports that "Catholic social country during World War IT
about 150 miles southeast of functions too often become also make God's command ir·
Bombay, was badly hit, with Catholic swills." Also, it notes relevant in their case? Or did
80 percent of the houses de· that "Catholics have come it simply mean that priests and
stroyed. close to canonizing gambling." preachers who blessed Hitler's
Debar, a town of 7,500 on the armies had turned their backs
on God?
Yugoslav·Albanian border, was
also razed to the ground by a
severe earthquake that regis.
'*
Dreaded Diseases Increase
Three dreaded diseases
have shown noticeable in- What Youth See
tered 6.5 on the Richter scale. creases. The National Com- + The fraternities at Wash·
At least 18 persons were killed municable Disease Center said ington UniverSity, St. Louis,
and 174 injured. Light tr8Dlors that these diseases were ma- conducted a three-day sympo·
on the morning of November laria, leprosy and diphtheria. sium in which they expressed
30 undoubtedly averted a far In 1966 malaria cases in the what they thought of the world
heavier death toll, because the United States increased at the at large. Here are some of their
people fled into the streets fastest rate in more than thirty thoughts as reported In Sci-
before the seVere shock came years. ence, December 1967: "We look
and their houses collapsed. at the church and see an insti-
'A Sane World' tution that is more a social
Food PoIsoning + Nobel. Prize winner Sir gathering place than a source
+ According to J. L. Goddard, Macfarlane Burnet recently of spiritual inspiration.... We
look to the business community
commissi.oner of the'U.S. Food told a hundred of Australia'S
and Drug Administration, food leading biologists that all the and the professions ... and we
poisoning caused by the bac· odds were against humanity's are troubled by the mass
teria salmonella could become holding back indefinitely the bureaucracy which seems
the greatest and most serious major catastrophes of nuclear everywhere to stifle individual
medical problem of our times. holocausts and mass starva· growth . . . and which pto-
In 1951 only 1,700 cases were tion. Humanity, he said, had motes a striving 'for acceptance
reported. In 1965 there were passed the stage when intel· which is often at the expense
more than 20,000 cases. But lectuals could dream of of justice. We look to govern·
Dr. Goddard said most scien- creating 'a sane and peaceful ment and wonder whether our
tists agI;ee that only a small world.' But man's inability to vote and our voice is really
JANUARY 22, 1968 29
Drought Visastel'
heard.... We see a war which
we are asked to fight, but
whose course we have little if
* As the temperature SQared
to 100 degrees, 123 bush fires
Fewer priests
.. CzechOslovakia bas only
two seminaries in the country.
anything to say in deter· burned out of control aCross In 1966, 24 Catholic priests
mining." Many youth ex· the State of Victoria in Aus· were ordained. In 1967 the
pressed deep unhappiness. tralia. Due to one of the worst number was 19. Before World
"What is worse," says the reo droughts in the State's history, War II there were, on an aver·
port, "lUost seemed to be with· some 30,000 sheep had to be age, between 250 and 300 new
out hope, and religion had lost stocklifted out of the stricken prIests ordained each year
its role as a source of comfort." area. The best most farmers from 13 seminaries. And in The
in that part of the southern Hague, the NetherlandS, ac-
*
F.oonomic '.trouble!'.
Uruguay's 2,700,000 people
have largely been well fed,
hemisphere could hope for out
of their wheat crops wB.} seed.
There has been a ban placed
cording to the Christian Reri,
tage for December 1967, there
were 373 ordinations of priests
well dressed and weIl educa-ted, on the use of watcr. In 1959, but only 226 in 1966.
and not too many really sus·
pected that they were on the
brink of bankruptcy. The coun·
try has gone into debt abroad
*
ReUgious Frauds
"ReligIous frauds have be·
come a multimillion dollar
Churohe!< Closed
* Albania's radio Tirana re·
ported that people in northern
to the amount of $438,000,000, business," says H. B. Monta· Albania had voted 400 to 4
and gold reserves have tum· gue, chief inspector of the to turn the Catholic church of
bled to $146,000,000. Since Jan· United States Post Office De· St. Anthony into a "house of
uary 1967 the cost of living partment. "And they appear to culture." Reports out of AI·
has leaped 92 percent. Early be growing in number." The bania also stated that the
in November, Uruguay's eco· inspector said that a number government's "Red Guard"
nomic troubles required Pres· of individuals have used the units burned religious pictures
ident Oscar Gestido to de· mails to defraud the pUblic and statues and had turned the
clIl.re his fourth devaluation of in the name of. God. One r~· Qnl)l Ca:Um11c c)mH~h 'm FIeri
the peso since taking office last portedly represented himself into a vocational schOOl. Three
March. as "a man who has sat and priests were ordered to become
talked with God in the pres· workers in a local cooperative,
* MedJC!t1 'cannIbalism'
Twenty·ftve-year·old Denise
ence of a heavenly choir" and
who has been "blessed by God
according to a Sicilian report.
VVhere do you go
to get your Bible questions answered?
Why not draw on the wealth of material pub-
lished during the past year in your copies of the
Watchtower and.Awake! magazines? The Watch
Tower Publications Index for 1967 contains a
complete subject and scripture index to all
twenty-four issues of each and covers as well
the other literature published during the year_
Get your copy at once. Send only IOd (for Aus-
tralia, IOc; for South Africa, 7c). Also available
are the indexes for the years 1930-1960 (8/6 [for
Australia, $1; for South Africa, 70c 1) and 1961-
1965 (4/3 [for Australia, 50c; for South Africa,
35c]).
32 AWAKE!
-A Shalne on Africa
>SEE REPORT ON PAGE 16)
FEBRUARY 8, 1968
THE REASON FOR THIS MAGAZINE
News sources that are able to keep you awake to the vital issues of our times must
be unfettered by censorship and selflsh interests. "Awakel" has no fetters. It recognizes
facts, faces facls, is free to publish facts. It is not bound by political ties; it is un ham·
pered by traditional creeds. This magazine keeps itself free, that it may speak freely to
you. But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
The viewpoint of "Awakel" is not narrow, but is international. "Awakel" has its
own correspondents in scores of notions. Its articles are read in many lands, in many
languages, by millions of persons.
In every issue "Awake!" presents vital topics on which you should be informed. It
features penetrating articles on sodal conditions and offers sound counsel for meeting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent posses in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the fields of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious issues alert you to maUers of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of crealion, practical
sciences and points qf human interest are all embraced in its coverage. "Awakel" pro-
vides wholesome, instructive reading for every member of the family.
"Awake!" pledges itself to righteous principles, to exposing hidden foes and subtle
dangers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mOurners and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the establish.
ment of God's righteous new order in this generation.
Get acquainted with "Awake!" Keep awake by reading "Awoke I"
CONTENTS
"Faith.ful Are the Wounds of a Friend:' 3 I Malawi's Anti·Christian Atrocities
-A Shame on Africa 16
Did Early Christians Believe in a Trinity? 5
Superstition Degrades-Truth Builds Up 22
Wisdom of the Body's Creator 8
RelJgious Center Struck by Tragedy 26
The Poor Pay More for Less 9 "Your Word Is Truth"
Flndlng Happiness in Family Life 28
Increasing the Comforts of Home
During Winter 13 Watching the World 30
"h is already the hour for you 10 awake."
-Rom"ns 13,11
HERE are
many ways that did not solve the
T in which we can problem, for the matron
prove ourselves to be "FAITHFUL simply went out and
friends of those we love.
The popular saying, "A
·are1he bought another hat like
it, only one looking still
friend in need is a friend
in deed," surely indicates
WOUNDS more ridiculous! Telling
her a badly needed un·
one of such ways. No ofa pleasant truth was a test
doubt about it, a true
friend will prove himself FRIEND" of friendship that this
clubwoman's friends ap·
such when there is rna· parently could not meet.
terial or financial need. Yes, sincere friendship
But there are also other needs to which recognizes the obligation to help in such
a true friend will respond. One may need circumstances, even as the Word of God,
to be admonished, to have 'the truth told the Bible, repeatedly shows. For example,
to him. Doing so would also be proof of by means of Moses, JehOVah God coun.
friendship, even as indicated by the in· seled the ancient Israelites: "You must
spired proverb: "Faithful are the wounds not hate your brother in your heart. You
of a friend."-Prov. 27:6, RS. should by all means reprove your associate,
Of course, all such is the opposite of that you may not bear sin along with him.
the ways of the world. It has just the op· ... you must love your fellow as yourself.
posite slogan, "Your best friends won't tell I am Jehovah."-Lev. 19:17, 18.
you." By this is meant that one's closest The Bible gives us an example of this
friends shrink from telling an W1fiattering in the case of the apostles Peter and Paul.
or embarrassing truth when one really Peter, because of fear of what some Jewish
needs to have such a truth told him. For Christians from Jerusalem might think,
example, a popular magazine once told of quit associating with Gentiles who had be·
a matron's wearing a really ridiculous~ come Christians and even caused others to
looking hat that embarrassed her club be influenced by his fear of man. Although
members, yet none had the courage to tell Peter had been used very prominently by
her so. One of her friends thought she God, this did not keep the apostle Paul
would solve the problem by buying it, and from reproving Peter in this matter, even
so she went to this matron and highly doing so publicly because of the harm Pe·
praised the hat and begged her to sell it ter was doing. How did Peter react to this
to her, which the matron finally did. But reproof? The Bible does not directly state,
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 3
but we can be certain that he appreciated (1966 ed.), Vol. 14, page 660; "The ancient
being set straight, for years afterward he belief that an ostrich hides its head when
referred ·'·to Paul as "our beloved brother frightened is only a fable." The speaker
Paul."-Gal. 2:11-14; 2 Pet. 3:15. was very appreciative of having this called
The more serious the matter, of course, to his attention and, in fact, wondered
the more difficult it will be to speak the why no one had previously done so.
truth, and yet the more imperative that we But there is also another side to this
do. Thus a mature Christian minister once matter of the wounds of a friend being
saw a young Christian woman keeping faithful. Even as true friendship should
company with a man of questionable mor- cause us not to shrink from mentioning
als. He could have ignored what he saw, things that should be mentioned out of
but no, he felt an obligation toward her. So fear of offending, so, on the other hand,
at an opportune time he sounded a note wisdom and love should make us ready to
of warning, pointing out what the Bible accept, yes, to welcome, such reproof. As
has to say about associations and mar- faithful King David expressed it: "Should
riage for Christians. She failed to heed the righteous one strike me, it would be
the warning, and got into trouble. But his a loving-kindness; and should he reprove
conscience was clear; he did not bear sin me, it would be oil upon the head, which
along with her. In the end she recovered my head would not want to refuse."-Ps.
and was grateful for his having displayed 141:5.
true friendship by warning her .-1 Cor. All such might be said to be wisely put-
7:39; 15:33. ting first the higher interests of others as
Truly, speaking out in such instances is well as of ourselves. And when we calmly
proof of love and is what we actually owe think it out we must agree with King
others. Certainly if we were headed in a David that it is as a soothing oil for which
wrong direction we would appreciate being we should be thankful, as it means im·
warned, would we not? (Luke 6:31) But provement and might even mean the dif·
let us not overlook that all such should be ference between happiness and misery, if
done with kindness, modesty, showing true not also between life and death. In taking
love and empathy, in the way that we this attitude we are proving another prov-
would like others to bring something like erb true: "He that is reproving a man will
that to our attention. Yes, in mildness. afterward find more favor than he will
(Gal. 6:1) While God's Word states, "Bet- that is flattering with his tongue."-Prov.
ter is a revealed reproof than a concealed 28:23.
love," such does not at all imply harsh, Truly, here we have another example of
blunt or tactless reproof.-Prov. 27:5. how the Bible is "beneficial for teaching,
Offering correction or reproof can be in for reproving, for setting things straight,
matters little as well as big. For example, for disciplining in righteousness." So let
a public speaker once likened certain per- us not resent it when others seek to help
sons who refused to face the facts to the us by means of a reproof and neither let
ostrich which, he said, hides its head in us shrink back from sounding a warning
the sand when frightened. However, a close or offering a correction when there is need,
friend of his, when alone with him, kindly but being careful to do so in kindness and
called his attention to a statement appear- mildness, in love and with empathy, even
ing in The World BooTe Encyclopedi.a as the Scriptures counsel.-2 Tim. 3: 16, 17.
4 AWAKE!
DID EARLY BELIEVE
HE Trinity it begins with the
T has been
called "the cen~
straightforward
admission:
tral doctrine of "It is difficult,
the Christian re~ in the second half
ligion." It af~ of the 20th cen-
firms, according tury to offer a
to the Athanasian clear, objective,
Creed: "The Father is and straightforward
God, the Son is God, account of the revela-
and the Holy Spirit is tion, doctrinal evolu-
God. And yet there are Who formulated the Trinity doctrine? tion, and theological
not three Gods, but one Is it found in the Bible? elaboration of the
God." Modern Catho- mystery of the Trini-
lics generally accept this as an expression ty. Trinitarian discussion, Roman Catholic
of their faith. as well as other, presents a somewhat un-
The Augsburg Confession of 1530, which steady silhouette.
is said to formularize the teaching of "Two things have happened. There is
Protestantism, describes the Trinity in the recognition on the part of exegetes
these words: "There is one divine essence [ones who explain the Scriptures] and
which is called and is God, eternal ... yet Biblical theologians, including a constant-
there are three persons of the same es- ly growing number of Roman Catholics,
sence and power, who also are co-eternal, that one should not speak of Trinitarian-
the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost." ism in the New Testament without seri-
Is this what the early Christians be- ous qualification. There is also the closely
lieved? Did they conceive God as being parallel recognition on the part of histo-
'three persons in one'? Is this teaching ex- rians of dogma and systematic theologians
pressed in the Bible? "Why, of course!" that when one does speak of an Wlquali-
the majority of churchgoers in Christen- fled Trinitarianism, one has moved from
dom would answer. But is this what the the period of Christian origins to, say, the
evidence actually indicates? Leading Cath- last quadrant of the 4th century. It was
olic and Protestant authorities recently only then that what might be called the
have made some revealing comments on definitive Trinitarian dogma 'one God in
the matter. three persons' became thoroughly assimi-
lated into Christian life and thought."
Time of Origination Does this mean that it was not Wltil
For example, the NeW Catholic Encyclo- the fourth century, some three hundred
pedia (1967) , bearing the Nihil Obstat and years after the death of Christ, that the
Imprimatur indicating approval, points to Trinity doctrine became accepted? It has
the lack of evidence that the Trinity doc- often been asserted that first-century
trine is taught in the Bible or was believed Christians believed in the 'one God in three
by early Christians. Under the heading persons' concept. But after discussing the
"Trinity, Holy," on page 295 of Volume 14, origins and gradual development of the
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 5
Trinity doctrine, note what the New Cath- Gen. i. 26, or such liturgical phrases of
olic Encyclopedia says on page 299: three members as the Aaronic blessing of
"From what has been seen thus far, the Nwn. vi. 24-26 and the Trisagion [mean-
impression could arise that the Trini- ing "Three Times Holy"] of Isa. vi. 3."
tarian dogma is in the last analysis a late The New Catholic Encyclopedia is even
4th century invention. In a sense, this is more pointed, saying without qualifica-
true . . . The formulation 'one God in tion: "The doctrine of the Holy Trinity is
three persons' was not solidly established, not taught in the OT [Old Testament]."
certainly not fully assimilated into Chris- Is the 'Il'inity doctrine, then, taught or
tian life and its profession of faith, prior explained anywhere in the Bible? No, nei-
to the end of the 4th century. But it is ther the word "Trinity" nor the Trinity
precisely this formulation that has first doctrine is mentioned therein. The New
claim to the title the Trinitarian dogma. Catholic Encyclopedia says of the Trinity,
Among the Apostolic Fathers, there had on page 304: "It is not, as already seen,
been nothing even remotely approaching directly and immediately the word of
such a mentality or perspective." God." "The object," this source noted ear~
How interesting! The idea of the Trini- lier, "is to uncover the roots of Trinitarian
ty; as it was expressed in the fourth cen- dogma in the Biblical source .... The ob-
tury and is taught today, was completely ject is not, certainly should not be, to
foreign to the mentality or perspective of demonstrate that Matthew or Paul or John
early Christians! Why is this? Is it be- is 'saying' the 4th century Trinitarian dog.
cause the concept of 'three persons in one rna." But even the presupposed roots of
God' is not taught in the Bible? the Trinity teaching are not mentioned in
the Bible.
Bible Support for Doctrine? Theologian Johan B. Hygen, professor
Trinitarians have often tried to show at the University of Oslo, writes in Norsk
that the Trinity doctrine is taught in the Teologisk Tidsskrift (Norwegian Theolog-
so-called Old Testament, or Hebrew Scrip- ical Magazine), in the first issue of 1967:
tures. They have pointed to the use of "Most theologians today recognize that
Elohim (Hebrew for God), which is of- this doctrine is not found in the Bible.
ten the plural of excellence. They have The most conservative Regin Prenter even
drawn attention to places where God used says that it is altogether useless to look
the expression, "Let us." (Gen. 1:26) And for it there."
they have picked out phrases in the Bible, With what Bible passages, then, do
such as, "Holy, holy, holy is the LoRD." Trinitarians endeavor to support their
(Isa. 6:3, AV) These, they have argued, doctrine? After admitting tha.t the Trini-
are evidences of the Trinity doctrine. ty is not taught in the Old Testament, the
However, The New Schaff-Herzog En- New Catholic Encyclopedia, on page 306,
cyClopedia of ReligiouS Knowledge (1957), offers the following as the strongest
Volume 12, page 18, notes: "Only an in- Scriptural evidence for the 'th~ persons
accurate exegesis [explanation] which in one God' concept: "In the NT the old-
overlooks the more immediate groWlds of est evidence is in the Pauline epistles, es-
interpretation can see references to the pecially 2 Cor. 13:13 [13:14 in many Bible
Trinity in the plural form of the divine translations] and 1 Cor. 12:4-6. In the
name Elohim, the use of the plural in Gospels evidence of the Trinity is found
6 AWAKE!
expUcltly only In the baptismal formula of bIe teaching that Jehovah God is Jesus'
Mat. 28:19."· Father, and hence that Jesus is subordi-
Is there even the remotest evidence in nate and lesser than God. (John 8:42; 13:
these texts that God is 'three persons in 16; 14:28) They believed, too, that before
one'! Note how they read in the Catholic coming to earth Jesus existed as a mighty,
Douay Version Bible: "The grace of our invisible angel. They believed that this
Lord Jesus Christ, and the charity of God, mighty creature had been created by God,
and the communication of the Holy Ghost being "the first-born of all creation," and
be with you all." (2 Cor. 13:13) "Now God's "only-begotten son." (Col. 1:15;
there are diversities of graces, but the John 1:14; 8:23; Rev. 3:14) They also
same Spirit; and there are diversities of believed that God sent this Son to earth
ministries, but the same Lord. And there to provide a ransom for sinful mankind,
are diversities of operations, but the same and after Jesus' death in faithfulness God
God, who worketh all in all." (1 Cor. 12: resurrected him back to heavenly life as
4-6) "Going therefore, teach ye all na- a mighty spirit creature again.-John 3:
tions; baptizing them in the name of the 16; Matt. 20:28; Acts 2:32.
Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Because of these Biblical beliefs early
Ghost,to-Matt.28:19. Christians did not consider God to be
True, each of these texts mentions God, 'three persons in one.' Regarding this,
his Son Jesus, and the holy spirit or "Holy Martin Werner, as professor in the Uni-
Ghost. .. However, do they say that these versity of Bern, in his book The Forma-
are 'three, persons in one God'? Do they in tion of Christian Dogma (1957), observes:
any way indicate that God, Jesus and the "The Primitive Christian conception of
holy spirit are equal in power, are of the the Messiah ·.as a high angelic being also
same essence and are coeternal? Not at explains for us the fact, which is of great
all! There is much more frequent mention doctrinal importance, that in the Primi-
in the Bible of 'Abraham, Isaac and Ja- tive Christian era there Was no sign of
cob' together, and 'Peter, James and John' any kind of Trinitarian problem or con-
together. (Ex. 3:15, 16; 4:5; 6:3; Mark troversy, such as later produced violent
5:37; 9:2; 14:33) Yet, it would be absurd conflicts in the Church. The reason for
to conclude that simply their being men- this undoubtedly lay in the fact that, for
tioned together is a basis for believing that Primitive Christianity, Christ was .•. a
they are 'three persons in one'! The fact
being of the high celestial angel-world,
is, as many present theologians admit:
The Trinity "doctrine is not found in the who was created and chosen by God."
Bible." Yes, "it is altogether useless to Yes, early Christians believed that
look for it there." Christ in his prehwnan existence had been
created by God, and that in heaven he was
Early Christian Belief an angel subordinate to God. In comment-
What, then, did early Christians believe ing on this matter, Trinitarian Aloys
regarding God and the Messiah, Jesus? GrIllmeier admits in his book Ghrist in
They believed the plain, uncomplicated Bi- Christian Tradition (1965): "It is quite
• Modern Catholic scholarship acknowledges that
true that the Christ08 Angelos theme is a
1 John 5:7, otten pointed to as support for the Trinity very real one and that it had an impor-
teachlng, Is spurious. It is not found In any Greek
manuscript earlier than the fifteenth century, and, tant position in the early Christian period
theretore, the New Oatholia Encyclopedia does not even
mention this text In Its discussion of the Trinity. ... We may point out the over-estimating
FEBRUARY 8, 1968
7
of the ch1istos Angelos idea, but within "The Homo(lusians were completely
limits it is not to be denied as a histori- helpless when confronted with the passage
cal fact. The sources testify that Christ of [Mark 13:32J which was a favourite
was given the name 'angel' right up until weapon of the Arians, for therein the 'Son'
the fourth century." is equated with the angels in knowing no
more than they the day and the hour of
Trinity Introduced the End, which the Father alone deter-
It was only when men abandoned these mined. It is not a 'human nature' of Je-
Scriptural views that they adopted the sus, but just the 'Son' who is expressly
Trinity. Professor Werner explains: "The described here as being ignorant-an ab-
Trinitarian problem first emerged when surdity, if the 'Son' is interpreted in terms
the Church in its theology was con- of the homooU8~a theory, as being in a
strained . . . to abandon the concept of relationship of substantial identity to the
subordination [of Christ to God] for that 'Father.' Consequently, there was only
of co-ordination. Almost insoluble diffi- left to Nicene neo-orthodoxy a resort to
culties then inevitably produced them- literary violence, namely. to deny flatly
selves." Even the ardent Trinitarian Grill- the ascription of ignorance to the Son in
meier admitted that, because of the beliefs Mk. xiii, 32."
of early Christians, "no approach to the To this day Trinitarians remain inca-
question of the Trinity could be made in pable of supporting this self-contradictory
primitive Christian times." doctrine with the Scriptures. They. too,
It was by a slow, gradual process that are forced to deny flatly what the Bible
the Trinity doctrine was formulated by says about God and Christ. To believe the
men who had deviated from the faith of Trinity doctrine makes it necessary to set
the first-century Christians. Eventually, aside and ignore the plain statements of
at the church council in Nicaea in 325 God's Word. For the Scriptures clearly
C.E., it was proclaimed that God and show that Jesus Christ is a creation of
Christ were one substance (homoou8ios). God, and has at all times been subordinate
This Wlscriptural proclamation met with to Him. This is what the early ChristianS
much opposition from Arius and others believed. The evidence is conclusive that
who held to the Bible teaching that Christ they did not believe in a Trinity. And the
was subordinate to God. Professor Werner reason why is clear: The Bible does not
notes the inability of the supporters of teach the Trinity. Will you remain a mem-
this new doctrine to defend it against the ber of a religious organization that teach~
plain statements of the Scriptures. He es this Wlscriptural dogma? Not if you
cites the example: want to please God!
Despite human imperfection, the more man learns, the greater be-
comes his reason for awe and admiration at how the human body is
designed. The San Francisco Examiner & Chronicle of September 11,
1966, quoted Dr. W. W. Akers, a Rice University engineer working with
surgeons to build an artificial heart, as saying: "The body is the ultimate
in technological perfection. Almost any machine you can dream up
-no matter how sophisticated-you can look into the body and find
one better."
s AWAKE!
..he
FOR LESS
HEN you buy a pound of butter, you means, were trying to take unfair advan-
W ought to have the assurance that
you will get a pound of butter, not three~
tage of the poor.
But were some of the neighborhood
quarters of a pound or some substitute. merchants overcharging the poor? Judge
You should not be tricked or forced into for yourself. At the newly formed bargain
paying high butter prices for low-grade store in Manhattan a quart of orange
substitutes either. You should get what juice priced at 25 cents was selling for 45
you pay for. However, this often is not cents in a grocery store nearby-almost
the case, especially so where the poor twice the price-and for 29 cents in the
shop. Qespite much strict supervision, supermarkets. Large eggs, priced 45 cents
there is still a lot of manipulating of a dozen at the bargain store, were 22
prices and scheming that goes on to Qut· cents cheaper than at the small grocery a
wit the buyer. And, the poor are the ones few blocks away. Coffee priced 79 cents
most often cheated. at the bargain store was selling for 88
For example, last April, on crowded cents a pound at stores operated by
East 117th Street in New York city, the neighborhood merchants. The Manhattan
poor people of the neighborhood took store organized by the conununity poor
measures to deal with high food costs. was able to sell lard for 20 cents, instead
"People got tired of finding that, right of 25 cents; milk for 23 cents, instead of
before welfare-check days, everything was 27 cents; a bottle of catsup for 20 cents,
stamped a few pennies higher in the instead of 28 cents; onions for 6 cents a
stores," said a housewife. These people or- pound, instead of 15 cents. The differences
ganized their own bargain grocery outlet, in prices are great in some cases, and in
where they sold soap, soup and milk, and other cases they amount only to pennies,
so forth, at reduced prices to clientele but they do add up. A mother of three
made up exclusively of families on wel- young children said that she usually s~nt
fare. Some neighborhood merchants ob- $32 a week for food. She had $28 worth
jected, but it was their own "unfair price- of foods stacked in two carts from the
fixing," as housewives termed it, that led newly formed bargain store. She estimat-
to the opening of the conununity bargain ed that the supply would last "almost two
store. Some merchants, not all by any weeks." In other words, by going to the
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 9
new store she cut her food bill almost in protests following claims of price gouging
half-a worthwhile saving. against the poor in Washington, D. C." On
To many persons these differences im October 12 three houswives told a Con-
prices may not seem much, but to the gressional hearing that a large supermar-
poor people, many of whom are wem- ket chain charged poor persons higher
played or part-time workers existing pri- prices than they did persons in middle and
marily on welfare or pension checks, any upper incomes. They said prices in three
increase in food prices can be the dif- stores in the poverty areas of the Dig..
ference between eating and not eating for trict of Columbia were an average of 9.1
a day or so before their monthly check percent higher on September I, when wel-
arrives. For them, food is the major item fare checks were received, than in the
in their budget. six other stores. Under questioning, the
The fact that the poor pay more was 'women also said that the stores in the
emphasized in a presentation of National poverty area were dirtier and had poorer
Educational Television in New York city. service.
A portion of the transcript of National Arthur Ross, commissioner of the La-
Educational Television's N.E.T. Journal- bor Statistics Bureau, said a survey
The Poor Pay More, states: showed food prices tended to rise in the
"All too frequently. when the [poor] Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles when
sign an installment contract, or make a relief checks were distributed. He said
purchase, they pay higher prices, get ex- that the spot check of eighteen food prod-
ploited more often and receive worse ucts in chain and independent stores
quality merchandise than anyone else.... showed that "among items where prices
Government sponsored studies have al- changed, there had been more increases
leged that the poor pay more. A study in the Watts area than in higher-income
made by an anti-poverty agency contend- areas of Los Angeles."
ed that the poor pay more for food than
do middle and upper income families." Why the Poor Pay More
Investigations disclosed that a certain The poor pay more perhaps because
jar of mayonnaise was 31 cents where they are often leSs observant, less in-
the upper- and middle-income families formed on price changes and moneymak-
shopped, 41 cents where the poor bought ing schemes. They also appear to be more
their food. A brand of peaches' was priced easygoing and do not complain as much
at 39 cents where middle-income families as some when irregularities are WlCOV-
bought; the poor paid 45 cents. Vinegar ered. Sometimes, too, it may be because
sold for 18 cents in the better neighbor- insurance rates are higher for store own-
hoods; the same bottle cost the poor 25 ers in areas that h'ave been marked by
cents. A bottle of corn all sold for 59 violence.
cents on 72nd Street in New York city A number of large American chain
and 65 cents on 120th Street, where these stores claim that they pursue a one-price
price comparisons were made. Such prices equal-quality policy throughout their
tend to indicate that the poor pay more. stores. But some large chain stores are
The Kiplinger Washington Letter, cir- known to have advertised products at cer-
culated privately to businessmen, dated. tain prices, while at certain stores the
October 6, 1967, said: ((Supermarkets in products were marked with higher prices.
poor areas will be hit by more consumer The prices on the products had not been
10 AWAKE/
changed, and a poor houseWUe wno poor, nowever, are oIten tOO reaay tG De--
would purchase these products would of~ lieve what salesmen tell them, frequently
ten pay the prices that were marked on to their sorrow.
the product itself, not the price that was Unfortunately there are some mer-
advertised in the newspaper. In two stores chants eager to provide the poor with so-
a total of twenty items were'found either called "good buys" at exorbitant prices,
priced higher than advertised or not avail· and the merchandise all too frequently
able. Sometimes' a sign was placed in turns out to be very shabby. In one of the
front of the product with, the sale price poorer sections of New York a sales pitch
on it, and yet the product was marked was made to a prospective furniture cus~
with the higher price. Unless the shopper tomer: "If you buy three rooms of furni·
is alert he may pay more than the adver· ture from me, I will give you a kitche,n
tised price. And it is usually-the unobser· set free." What the salesman did not tell
vant poor who pay the higher prices. the customer, however, is that the mark-
up on the other two sets of furniture was
Paying for Poo,r Quality Too exorbitant, that the kitchen set was ex-
One reporter stated that in East Har· tremely flimsy, and was more than made
lem, New York, bread and cake, supposed· up in the markup on the other merchan-
ly unsold that day, and offered at bargain dise included in the sale. Writer-producer
prices, "were actually left on the shelves Morton Silverstein of National Education·
for periods up to two weeks, often be· al Television, interviewing a furniture
coming molded." His study also showed salesman, asked about the average' mark·
that meat in the poorer neighborhood up in furniture. The salesman said: "It's
stores was of very poor quality, that the about 80 percent."
low-rent-area store was, in effect, "a "Eighty to a 100 percent?" asked Sil-
dumping ground." The poor not only paid verstein.
more, but received inferior quality for The salesman's reply was: "Approxi-
their money. mately."
Often the poor are deceived into buy-
ing poor merchandise by fast~talking Poor Pay High Interest Rates
salesmen. The glib salesman promises a The National Educational Television's
new refrigerator freezer, which turns out journal says: "The poor man's troubles
to be secondhand. The poor man may find begin precisely because he is poor. In a
himself paying new-product prices for sec- society where the pressure to buy is al-
ondhand merchandise. Other salesmen most irresistibl~, the poor have to tum to
may promise they will send special quali- long term high interest credit buying, the
ty foods at lower prices but the customer most expensive kind, as their only means
finds himself receiving poor substitutes of moving toward what has been called
for which he had paid peak prices. There the better life. . . . In every major city
are salesmen who make promises galore, some merchants have discovered they can
but the guarantees, for the most part, are profit by selling a time plan with all its
all verbal, and these are almost always not hidden costs, as well as the merchandise
accepted in a court of law. Others say, "If itself.... But all too often when the poor
anything is unsatisfactory, a refWld will do buy, the payments last longer than the
be promptly given." A refund in money life of the furniture and appliances."
is something seldom, if ever, given. The Dr. David Caplovitz, who did research
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 11
for National Educational Television's pro- pie are being trained to beware of adver-
gram, painted out that a salesman may a
tisements that offer great deal for a low
tell one that he is paying 10 percent a price. Poor people are being educated to
year. But 10 percent is not the true creditdouble-check closely the weights of pur-
charge, Caplovitz says. "It is actually dou-chase items and to study carefully the
ble that." The real tragedy, he says, "is purchase ~ipt for errors. People are
that the customer hardly ever knows what asked to be more observant. When bar-
he is paying in the way of a true annual gain hunting, many find it advisable to
interest rate. Clearly the low income cus- take the advertisements with them and
tomer cannot pay cash for such expensive to make sure that they compare prices, as
merchandise, and so he must bear the well as quality.
cost of these finance charges which bring People are also encouraged always to
the final price of the merchandise to a try to buy on a cash basis for tangible
great deal more than he himself had ever savings. If they must borrow money, they
anticipated." Those who can pay outright are being advised to take out a bank loan
eliminate finance cbarges. The poor man, at 6 percent interest, rather than the mer-
when forced to finance, must pay more. chant's loan of 10 percent, to cover the
If at all pOSSible, it would be wise fortotal sales price.
the poor not to buy on installment, espe- All these safeguards have become nec-
cially if it is not a vital necessity. Manyessary because personal standards of mo-
persons with modest incomes learn 'how rality have slipped badly. Whenever mer-
to control their spending and dQ wi:thQut chants profit from the open ignorance ot
until they have saved up enough for a customers, whenever salesmen misrepre-
wanted item, thereby paying cash and sav- sent the quality of their goods, then not
ing the interest costs; and at the same only do the poor have to pay more, but
time the money they saved was earning all men suffer because God-given princi-
interest in the bank. So thriftiness has ples of decency and honesty are violated.
advantages. Until concern for the poor becomes a
reality; until men come to appreciate that
Poor Move to Protect Themselves love, not selfishness, is the right way; un-
What can be done to protect the poor til men come to understand that gener-
from exploitation? In a number of places osity, not greed, results in happiness; un-
the poor are moving to protect them- til then will the 'Poor suffer and have t()
selves. The community bargain store has pay more.
come to the fore. More people are speak-
Even though that happy day for the
ing about organizing cooperatives, credit
poor will not come Wltil God removes the
unions, buying clubs as a protection
wicked at his war of Armageddon, still
against unscrupulous merchants.
there is much that the poor can do to
The courts are also being petitioned to help themselves now by following the sug-
refuse to honor contracts that are decep- gestions herein stated. And all merchants
tively worded and obviously written to, would do well to take to heart the in-
confuse the customer. Stronger legal pro- spired counsel recorded at Proverbs 22:
tection against fraud and deception than 22, 23: "Do not rob the lowly one be-
now exists is being urged. cause he is lowly . . . For Jehovah him-
More people are being educated as to self will plead their cause, and he will
the deception of greedy merchants. Peo- certainly rob of soul those robbing them."
12 AWAKE!
'Ulan one room of a
building. Since the
structures built at
that time would be
able to hold heat
reasonably well,
radiators would,
and in many cases
still do, provide
comfortable room
conditions.
With emphasis
more on architec-
tural appearance in
modern structures,
quite often good
heating systems
are neglected for
the sake of the
aesthetics of a
home.
HOUGH man's cultural and living hab- In many of the medium_ and higher-
T its have changed as generations have
passed, one thing that man has not
priced homes, good central heating sys-
tems may be installed, but these may have
changed is the desire for person~l comfort. considerable limitations. Whatever may
As long as the extr.emities of the seasons be the case in your home, chances are that
have existed there bas been a need for you could still increase the comforts of
humans to intervene and work to lessen your home with little or no expense in-
the severity of either heat or cold. The volved in doing it.
common source of lessening this severity
has been provided by the comforts of Drafts a Major Enemy to CO,mfort
home. One of the biggest menaces to comfort
There are many homes or dwellings to- and health during th'e winter heating sea-
day that, with a little knowledge and ef- son is drafts. A little basic knowledge of
fort on the part of the inhabitants, could what causes drafts and how to combat
be made even more comfortable. them, can be instrwnental in virtually
As time passes, architectural concepts eliminating them.
change. With the advent of modern ar- In colder climates, if you have fairly
chitecture and new trends in construction, large glass or window areas, you can ex-
particularly with emphasis on heavily pect a downdraft of cold air from the
glassed walls, and so forth, heating prob- colder window surface. The inside surface
lems can be worsened. In earlier years temperature of a single-pane glass panel
when homes were quite simple and heavily in a 70° F. room when it is 20° outside, un-
. bUilt, they were more thermally sound. der average conditions, is about 32°. If
Fireplaces and wood stoves served as heat the outdoor temperature dropped to 00,
sources. As time went on, radiators af- the inside surface temperature would soon
forded the luxury of having heat in more drop to about 16°. As the warmer room
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 13
air comes In contact with the cold glass Radiation Independent of
surface, the air is chilled, making the Air Temperature
colder air heavier than the warmer room Have you ever gone into a room where
air, thus causing it to fall down the win- the thermometer registered a temperature
dow. This situation, known as a winter generally considered comfdrtable and yet
convection current, will cause the cold air you felt chilled and just could not seem
to fall 'to the floor and then spill out onto to get warm? In the majority of cases
the floor area. This is a common cause of this circumstance stems from cold sur-
cold feet. To a certain degree, drapes will faces in the room. This is prevalent in
help, but most of the cold air will merely rooms with cold walls, ceilings or floors.
spill out the bottom of the drapes to the The chilling sensation occurs due to
floor area. That is why radiators or other heat from our skin radiating to a colder
types of heat sources are placed under surface. A warm surface radiates to a cold-
windows to combat this. ~r surface regardless of the surrounding
Another draft source comes from in- air temperature. Radiation can be illus-
filtration of outside air due to wind. A trated with the skier who can comfortably
room with one outside wall could pos- stand on the ski slopes in the sunshine
sibly experience one air change per hour. though stripped to the waist. The sun's
If two walls were exposed to the exterior, direct radiation plus reflection of the sun
this would increase to as much as one from the snow warms him, provided
and a half air changes per hour. How- there is not a wind present. However,
ever, if doors and windows are weather- when heat is transferred from our skin
stripped, or storm sash is used, the air surface, we feel a chill.
changes would reduce to about two-thirds For every degree the room surface tem-
of the above-mentioned rates. perature is lower than the desired effec·
Even light switches and electrical con- tive room temperature, the air tempera-
venience outlets have been known to be ture must be raised about 1.4° above the
sources of cold-air inlets under certain desired comfort level. For example, if you
conditions. When a fireplace is not in use wish a comfort level of 72° and the aver·
and the damper is open, heavier cold air age surface temperature of the walls, floor
will spill down the chimney into a room and ceiling is 69° (called "mean radiant
virtually as water would. The obvious temperature"), the air temperature must
thing to do in this case is for one to be be raised 4.20 above the 72° effective tern·
sure the damper is closed when the fire- perature or to 76.2° to compensate for ra-
place is not in use. diation. This emphasizes the value of
Although some ventilation is essential, insulation by lowering inside surface tem-
the control of air infiltration is helpful, perature in addition to reducing heat loss.
and reducing it will substantially lower The use of insulation in homes is gen-
heating fuel cost. Electric baseboard heat- erally accepted as good building practice
ers often are placed under extensive win- for more reasons than one. In addition to
dow areas to combat drafts. If this is reducing heat losses through ceilings or
contemplated, however, be sure that the walls to as low as 20 percent or less of
wiring will accommodate the additional those of uninsulated structures, the insIde
electrical load. Further, if drapes are used, surface temperature of the insulated wall
these must also be considered for length, or ceiling is considerably higher. Since
and so forth. "effective" room temperature is related to
14 AWAKE!
room surface temperatures, the same de~ cold air. Conversely, if you set a lamp or
gree of comfort can be obtained with low- other heat source near it, yOW' house will
er air temperatures. The savings in fuel always be cold since the thermostat will
costs aO'orded by insulation will usually be prematurely satisfied. Caring to see
pay 00' the initial cost of insulation in a that the thermostat is in a place un-
short period of time. In addition, one's affected by erratic heat or cold sources
home will be much cooler in the summer can help in its effectiveness in regulating
heat. Needless to say, insulation will be the temperature of your home.
of little value in walls with a high per- There is a common misconception of a
centage of glass. thermostat. A person may be cold or in
Rugs and carpets also play an effective a room that is cold. Under these conditions
part in reducing cold fioor surface tem- one is prone to tUM up the thermostat to
peratures, which cause cold feet; as well a high setting, say goo or 85°, thinking
as reducing heat loss through fioors over that this will accelerate the heating of
unheated spaces. the room. This apparently stems from
former experience in old-fashioned hand-
Thermostat Considerations controlled burners, where the amoWlt of
Homes that have become quite cold due heating desired would control the inten-
to the heating system's being shut down sity of the fiame or heat. The higher one
the previous night would turn the dial,
certainly do not the ,faster the heat
make getting up ARTICLES IN nlE NEXT ISSUE would be produced.
during those cold • Why the Churchn Are Loelng Influence. However, unless you
winter mornings any • How Fin. Are Refined Food,? have an expensive
easier. If you are one • What Vou Ought to Know About
Funeral •• electronic or multi-
of the many that stage modulating
wish lower tempera- type of thermostat
tures dW'ing sleeping hours, this can be generally used in more expensive commer-
remedied by the installation of a night set- cial heating systems, this is not the case
back thermostat. These thermostats have with the average residential thermostat.
a timing device so that, dW'ing the sleep- If you wish to raise the room tempera-
ing hoW's, the nighttime temperature in ture to 72°, for example, then turn the
the house is reduced to your desired set thermostat to 72;0 and the heating system
point and then is raised to the desired day- will raise the room temperature to 72° at
time temperature by the time you are full output of the heating apparatus and
ready to arise from bed in the morning. If shut off the system. If you were to turn
thermostat wires are accessible, a time the thermostat up to 85° tmder the same
switch could also do the same thing, with conditions, the room temperature would
not be raised to 72° any sooner and the
the exception that the heating system will
heating system would continue running
completely shut off during sleeping hours. tmtil the temperature reached 85°, so
If your heating system is controlled by overheating the house.
a thermostat, the location of this sensing Whatever the thermal environment of
device is extremely important. If it is yOW' home, the application of some basic
subject to cold-air drafts, it will overheat principles will undoubtedly aid in increas-
your house due to the influence of the ing the comforts of- your home.
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 15
Could such things be happening to~
day, to Christians, in this twentieth
century? Listen to the reporter as he
recounts what he has learned from
interviewing some of the eyewit~
nesses and the actual victims of
Malawi's shame.
He first explains that Jeho-
vah's witnesses have been es-
tablished in Malawi for thirty-
four years. Until recently
there were over 18,000 Wit~
nesses scattered in the vil-
lages and towns through-
out Malawi. These, he
explained, were ordinary
-A Shaftle people who cultivated
on Africa their land, looked after
their families and used
OME of the women quietly cried. All looked stricken. some of their time every
S Men sat somber, uncomfortable, even ashamed at month to teach others the
what they were hearing. The occasion was the noon Bible. They did not join
mealtime at the Bethel home adjoining the branch office political parties, nor en-
of the Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society in Kitwe, gage in political activities.
Zambia. One man was speaking and all gave him, close They endeavored to live
attention as he related his shocking and even horrifying quiet and peaceful lives,
report. 'paying back to Caesar
This man, a Central African correspondent for the what belonged to Caesar,
Awake! magazine, had just returned from interviewing and to God what belonged
some of the survivors of the most brutal, inhuman per- to God.' This was the posi-
secution of Christians in this twentieth century. This tion until October. Then
persecution had taken place and is taking place in Ma- Dr. Banda declared Jeho-
lawi, a new democracy, an emerging nation in Central vah's witnesses a prohibit-
Africa, ruled by President Banda. ed society in Malawi. Any-
To match the harrowing accounts of suffering, cruelty one who befriended or
and obscenity that the reporter related, one would have assisted them could be sent
to go back to the extermination of the early Protestant to prison for seven years.
Waldenses in southeast France and Italy in the fifteenth This was the cue for an all-
and sixteenth centw-ies. The persecution of the Wal- out attack, unprecedehted
denses has been described as one of the most horrifying in its sadistic cruelty, bes-
periods of history. History records how these devout ti'ality and obscenity, upon
people were imprisoned in dungeons, burned at the stake, Christian men, women and
beheaded before their children, hurled over precipices; children throughout the
their homes and villages were burned; their womenfolk rural areas of Malawi. The
were stripped naked and outrageously violated; their apparent goal was to ter-
innocent children were massacred. rorize all of Jehovah's wit-
16 AWAKE!
nesses into denying their faith or to ex- was first set on fire, and then they burned
terminate them. down the Kingdom Hall, then the house
"Now," explained the reporter, "there itself. Not only all my fUl'll).ture but all
is not one Witness living in any vii:" my suits and personal clothes were delib--
lage or who has a home in any village erately torn to bits and pieces. I have no
in many areas of Malawi. Throughout the hope of gOing back home at all. Two per-
COWltry their homes have been torn sons, J. Razaro and Y. Chukambiri, have
down, set on fire and destroyed. Their conspired to kill me and have arranged
furniture has been Slnashed and confis- for the youths to do so. They feel ashamed
cated, their grain stores burned down, and have a guilty conscience, and they
their chickens and pigs slaughtered. wish to silence me so that I cannot make
Many of the Witnesses still living in the known to others what they have done.
rural areas of Malawi have had to flee These men are amazed that I am still con-
into the bush, only to be hunted and tinuing strong in the faith, but I know
killed like wild animals by bands of un- that I am never alone and Jehovah has
controlled youths. Others have fied to protected me. It is even surprising to my-
towns and asked to be arrested; thou- self that I am still living since October 24.
sands of others have sought refuge in I can only attribute this to the fact that
Portuguese East Africa, and others have Jehovah is walking with me, and he has
tried to flee to Zambia, only to be turned arranged for my preservation thus far.
back to face further brutality. Over one Most of the brothers in my congregation
thousand devout Christian women have have had to flee to Portuguese East Afri-
been raped, some of these undergOing this ca. However, I will wait on here till all
obscene treatment from many different ,are able to go, and then I will follow, still
youths throughout a long night." to care spiritually for my brothers. Happy
The reporter pauses and thumbs are you brothers who yet have freedom of
through his notes. "A few days ago I in-
terviewed some of the survivors. Relive
with me for a little while some of these
interviews and listen to the personal re-
ports of your Christian brothers and sis-
ters." He warns that it will not be
pleasant.
"Let me introduce you to Samsl;m
Khwnbanyiwa. As you see he is an older
brother. He served as a congregation
overseer for the Nkhonya Congregation
of Jehovah's witnesses. What have you to
tell us, Brother Khumbanyiwa?"
"In myoId age my sons were good to
me. They supported me and enabled me
to own a costly beautiful house, furnished
with the best furniture that I could get.
Now everything has been demolished and
all my furniture destroyed. My kitchen
FEBRUARY 8, 1968
17
worship and assembly. We beg you, please, his wife. Then they ordered him to get
to pray for us so that we can spiritually up and tried to force another Witness to
stand firm at the cost of even life itself." have relations with her and then, In turn,
"Here is Brother Evans Noah. What tried to force all the men to have relations
have you to tell us, Brother Noah?" with one another's wives."
"Mr. Pangani, M.P: for Mlanje East Re- "Why were they treated like this,
gion, addressed a meeting in our area. Brother Zacuruka?"
Following this meeting, between the end "Because we refused to buy a political
'Of October and the beginning of Novem- card."
ber seven of my spiritual brothers were "Next we have Brother Sandless Gwe-
killed in the Mlanje district. Five of zani. He tells us that he has heard that in
these were in Chief Chikwnbu's area and the Kasungu area, at a place called Cha-
two in Chief :Mkanda's." nghanga, forty-four Witnesses were at-
"Let us move on. Here is Brother tacked and all of them killed. Some of
James Chibana. What have you to re- these were from the Matako Congrega-
port?" tion."
"During the last week of October, an "Here are two of our Christian sisters,
unknown number of my Christian sisters the older one, who has with her a thirteen-
in the Mlanje area were raped. Forty of year-old daughter, is Meya Helebati from
these women were pregnant. Due to the Kambuwe Village, Chief Mkanda. What
way they were abused, each one suffered have you to tell us, Sister Helebati?"
a miscarriage. It was reported to the po- "Late in the evening of November 1,
lice but nothing was done about it. Among 1967, I and my daughter, along with
those raped were ten married daughters twenty-eight of my spiritual sisters, were
of Brother Mwinji,la and four fleshly sis- seized by the youths. We were brought
ters of Brother Chimwenya." before officials of the Malawi Congress
"Now, here is Brother Justin Zacuruka. Party and two young members. The
He is overseer of the M'cemeni Congre- youths and the village people came to
gation in the Mchinji district. What have watch what was h·appening. All together
you to tell us, Brother· Zacuruka?" they numbered about 300. A large fire was
"On October 24 Brother Foster Paul, lit and everyone gathered around while
his wife and their twelve-year-old daugh- we were questioned. They demanded that
ter, along with ten other Christian broth- we buy a political card. When we refused,
ers and sisters, were found in the bush they stripped all of us naked and stood
by a gang of youths and beaten up. Then us around the fire, exposing us to all the
they ordered the men and women to take onlookers. Then, using fists and sticks,
off their clothes and asked BrotJ:1er Paul they began beating me. After the beating,
to have sexual relations with his wife in two youths grabbed my hands and two
the presence of all the youths and the others my legs and they held me over the
twelve-year-old daughter. Brother Paul burning fire. They then dragged me be-
refused. Then they pushed his wife to the hind a house and sexually assaulted me.
ground and then forced the husband on Al! of my Christian sisters were treated
top of her. The youths then tried to force the same way. I was raped by six men
the husband's private part into the wife's that night and my thirteen-year-old
part. He still did not have relations with' daughter by three men. This torture went
18 AWAKE!
on the whole night, from evening to morn~ pewa of Kachele Village, Chief Zulu; La~
ing of the next day. Stin we refused to zalo Dunda of Chipew8. Village, Chief Zu-
buy a political party card, and, tinally, in lu; Yamikani Dunda of· Chipewa Village,
the morning, they let us go. ~ recognized Chief Zulu; and BinaIi Saulo of Kachele
two of the men who sexually assaulted me. Village, Chief Zulu."
They were Chewazi Wizimani and Thami~ "This is Sister Zeleniya Mazowe. She is
son of Kapanda Village, Chief Mkanda, the wife of the congregation overseer at
Mchinji." Kadewele, Mbanda Village, Chief Mkanda,
"Sister Linile Pinifolo Chimgw-ede Mchinji. What have you to tell us, Sister
stands quietly by while Meya recounts her Mazowe?"
terrible ordeal. Sister Linile is young and "On November 2 at about 3 a.m., I and
not long married. r ask her if what Sister another sister were seized by about a hun~
Helebati has said is really true. She con- dred youths and dragged outside the vil-
finns it in every detail. This young sister lage. They raped us and, when we still re-
was a regular pioneer minister. She says fused to buy a pOlitical card, they bPa.t us
that one of the men who attacked her severely. r was -sexually assaulted "y fif~
was Muyande Chekani, Faniwell Village, teen different men. I do not know how
Chief Mkanda, Mchinji. She says that this many similarly attacked my companion.
whole incident took place in Faniwell Vil- '!\vo of the men who attacked me were
lage." Madziakayenda and Zindikilani of Saidi
"Now we have two brothers, one is a Village, Chief Mkanda, Mchinji."
congregation overseer, Brother Benjamin "Here are three Witnesses standing to-
Zokoto, and the other is his assistant, gether. Each has a harrowing account of
Wiskoti Chipe. What have you brothers torture to relate. One describes how
to tell us?" Brother Lezala Kalindang'oma of Ntifi-
Brother Zokoto speaks. "r and Brother nyire Village, Chief Mkanda, was beaten
Chipe and another brother were beaten and asked to purchase a political card.
until we were unconscious. Fifty of the When he refused, the youths took a knife
brothers and sisters from my congrega- and made cuts encircling his arms and
tion have fled into the bush. We cannot then his legs and inflicted many cuts in
say exactly where they are." his head. Another relates that Brother
Brother Chipe then interrupts to de- Mkundika and Brother Chisauka of Mthu~
scribe how a brother and his wife were zi Village, Chief Santhe, Kasungu, were
stripped naked and marched through severely beaten and then ordered to buy
Malawi Congress Party cards. When they
neighboring villages for a distance of
still refused, six-inch nails were driven
about two miles. In each village the into their feet, bicycle spokes were forced
youths gathered all the people and young through their legs and then they were
children to come and see the nakedness of ordered to run. The third- tells how Broth-
this man and his wife. The wife was un- er Sajeni Kapala of Kapala Village was
dergoing her menstrual period and the seized by youths, beaten and threatened
cloth was pulled from her and her condi- with torture if he did not buy a card.
tion exposed and ridiculed before the on- When he still refused, they took a burning
lookers. stick and placed this against his arms, his
"The ones directing this obscenity," ex- legs, his head and his entire body. But he
plained Brother Chipe, "were Billiad Chi- refUsed to compromise his religious be-
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 19
liefs or deny his God even under this ting, in the neighboring country. This is
burning torture." happening to their Christian brothers and
The correspondent looks around his au- sisters. What can they do to help? Why
dience who have been listening aghast. have Dr. Banda and his followers acted in
Their changing expressions reflect their this way? These are the questions that
compassion for their Christian brothers fill their minds.
and sisters, their admiration for their faith
and integrity under such treatment, deep- Why? Why? Why?
felt indignation against the perpetrators After reading these revolting and
of these vicious and obscene indignities, heartrending reports, you may have won-
and a silent prayer that, if so tested, they dered, why was this treatment meted out
could also remain faithful. to Jehovah's witnesses? Why have they
The reporter asks: "Can you bear been the object of such bestial hatred by
more? Here, then, is the final report. It is the members of the Malawi Youth
from Brother Mazowe, a congregation League? Have the Witnesses done any-
OVERSEER What have you to tell us, thing that might excuse such treatment?
Brother Mazowe?" The only complaint that Dr. Banda's
"Seventy-eight Witnesses fled to Chief Malawi Congress Party and his Youth
Chanje's area in Zambia in the Lundazi League have against Jehovah's witnesses
district. There they were arrested and is that they have not bought a party card,
sent back to Malawi. The Witnesses signifying their membership in the Mala-
sought protection from the police, but wi Congress Party. This is the charge
they ordered them to return to the same made against Jehovah's witnesses when
villages where they had already suffered they are assaulted. It is well known world
beatings and other indignities. The Wit- wide that as Christian ministers, dedicat-
nesses split into two groups and, as a ed to preaching God's kingdom as the only
group of about forty of them were travel- hope for mankind, Jehovah's witnesses
ing back to their villages, they were sur- do not engage in party politics. At the
rounded by a large number of youths Same time they respect the constitutional
from the Kafiti branch of the Malawi governments in power as the superior
Congress Party. They demanded that the authorities allowed by God and to whom
Witnesses show them their party cards they must render relative subjection.
and, when they explained that they did Thus, in Malawi, as elsewhere, Jehovah's
not have cards, they began b~ating up witnesses have always been exemplary in
both the men and the women. All the paying their taxes, in working hard, in
youths joined in raping the women until promoting literacy and in setting an ex-
the males were sexually exhausted. Many ample in clean living. They feel that in
of the women by this time were uncon- all these ways they do much to contribute
scious. Finally they tried to force the men to the welfare of their fellow citizens. Is
to have intercourse with the women so the refu."ml to join a particular political
that then they could watch." party and the failure to carry a party card
There is silence when the correspondent identifying one with that party a reason
concludes his appalling and grievous ac- for any kind of persecution, not to men-
count. It is hard for his audience to real- tion the pitiless and barbaric torture be-
ize that this is happening just some hun- ing afflicted on Jehovah's witnesses in Ma-
dreds of miles from where they are sit- lawi?
20 AWAKE!
Who Are ReBp6lU1ible? oecause of concern for their security of
Reports indicate that the actual atroei- position condone by silence what is hap-
Jes perpetrated on Jehovah's witnesses pening in Malawi absolve themselves from
in Malawi have mainly been carried out responsibility?
by the so-called Youth League, YOWlg, un-
employed persons, owing allegiance to the The Shame of Africa
Malawi Congress Party. But who is ulti- What is happening in Malawi today
mately responsible? What responsibility should make all those who love Africa and
does Dr. Banda, the President of Malawi, Africans ashamed. Many well-wishers
bear in this matter? have watched in sympathy as the new
The Sunday Mail of Rhodesia quoted emerging nations in Africa have striven
Dr. Banda as saying that he would release to cope with many problems and at the
anyone charged with beating up Wit- same time to maintain standards of free-.
nesses if it was shown to be the result of dom, balanced with law and order. There
provocation. His own Malawi News of No- have always been enemies ready to decry
vember 24, 1967, quotes him in sarcastic any attempts by the former colonialized
reference to Jehovah's witnesses, saying, people to govern themselves. Dr. Banda,
"Why [have] they ... so.ugbt protection by allowing, countenancing, or even ad-
from the police after 'one small scratch'?" vocating the inhuman treatment now be-.
and, "If anyone of these people are in ing meted out to Jehovah's witnesses in
trouble they should not go to police but the Central African state of Malawi, has
should go to church and pray." This and given cause to all those who have the in-
similar statements are interpreted by ir- terests of the African at heart to feel
responsible Malawi youth as an invitation ashamed.
to depravity and violence. Dr. Banda's
only reply thus far to these reports of What Can You Do?
violence is flatly to deny that Jehovah's If you are appalled at the above ac-
witnesses are being mistreated. Surely, as counts of what is happening in Malawi, if
the powerful president of his cOWltry, in you feel Christian and humane concern for
control of a countrywide network of po- those still suffering, we urge you to voice
litical party members as well as of the your protest to responsible officials. We
police and the civil administration, he suggest that you write to or visit the Ma-
must know what is going on in Malawi
lawian consul or ambassador in your coun-
today. If he knows and allows it to con-
tinue, then surely he as the leader of the try. We also urge you to write to the re-
country and the Malawi Congress Party sponsible goverrunent officials in Malawi
must bear the responsibility for what is listed below. After referring to what you
happening in his COWltry and in the name have read, you could ask why this treat-
of his political party. ment is being meted out to Jehovah's wit~
Likewise, members of Parliament and nesses and why the goverrunent is not in-
party members who have either incited tervening to bring it to a halt. You could
the yOWlg people to violence or twned appeal to their religious sentiments, to
a blind eye to what is happening cannot their humanity and to their respect for
be exempted from responsibility. Can civil the good name of their cOWltry and of
servants, police officers, the legal profes- Africa. May your appeal help to end Ma-
sion and other responsible officials who lawi's reproach and Africa's shame and
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 21
bring relief to thousands of suffering and The Hon. Sr. Frederick Southworth
oppressed Christians in that land. Chief Justice
K.B., Zomba, MalawI, Central Africa
Address your appeal to:
S. G. Pooley, Q.C.
His Excellency Dr. Hastings Kamuzu Banda Minister of Justice
President of Malawi Office of the President
P.O. Box 53 P.O. Box 53
Zomba, Malawi, Central Africa Zomba, Malawi, Central Africa
Mr. Brian C. Roberts, CMG, Q.C. O. Ajose Adeogun
Attorney General Director of Public Prosecutions
Central Government Building Central Government Building
P.O. Box 32 P.O. Box 32
Zomba, Malawi, Central Africa Zomba, Malawi, Central Africa
By "Awake!" correspondent
in Japan
TRUTH BUilDS UP
without superstition? If su-
22 AWAKE!
Even though superstlt10n tailed to save wagea errective counter~asb;'ological war-
Babylon, political and religious leaders of fare by plotting the horoscopes of Hitler
succeeding world empires turned to Bab- and his chief aides, and countering the
yIoDish superstition. (Isa. 47:9-15) It is moves that the "stars" suggested. It has
said that the "boWldless ambition" of been reported that in Washington, D.C.,
Alexander the Great (356-323 B.C.E.) as many as ten thousand customers con~
was inherited from his mother, "a woman suIt the capital's astrologers weekly, in-
of savage energy and fierce superstition."· cluding principal men of government and
Julius Caesar, who leaned heavily on as- their wives. Superstition has been a guid-
trology, advanced his political career by
C ing force in worldly government down
bribing his way to priestly leadership in through four thousand years.
Rome's religion. Thus he became "Ponti-
fex Maximus," this title later being adopt- Superstition in Daily Life
ed by the head of the Roman Catholic Superstition also has a powerful effect
Church. in the lives of the people of most COWl-
tries of earth. But is this to their advan-
Christendom's Pagan Background tage? Consider some of the superstitious
Of Constantine the Great and his con- practices that are followed in just one
version to apostate Christianity in 321 modern country-Japan.
:S.C.E., it is written: "His own narrative ~re is, for example, a strange reli-
to Eusebius attributed his conversion to gious calendar of memorial services. At
the miraculous appearance of a flaming the Ikebukuro Skate Center, in Tokyo,
cross in the sky at noon-day ... with the Buddhist priests mark the official open-
motto 'By this conque-.' ... Whatever the ing of each ice-skating season by conduct-
nature of the appearance ... it probably ing memorial services for old ice skates.
did not "amount to more than a super- Memorial Day for timepieces is observed
stitious belief in the symbol of the cross. each June 10 at the Tokyo Asakusa Tem-
. . . Paganism must still have been an ple, where priests conduct services for a
operative belief with the man who, down pile of worn-out clocks and watches. At
almost to the close of his -life, retained another shrine, there are services for dis-
so many pagan superstitions."t It was this carded geta (wooden clogs).
superstitious sun worshiper who united At the shrine of the Tokyo Central
apostate Christianity and paganism un- Fish Market, Shinto prayers are offered
der the ancient pagan sign of the cross, at the opening of the fugu (globefish) sea-
and who set the guidelines of much of son, on behalf of the souls of the "poor
the superstition that persists in Ch'f-isten- fish" that are about to be served as a top
dom down to this day. Japanese delicacy. Likewise, a Shinto
Coming into more modern times, we priest presides each July at the Ise Bay
note that Napoleon, Mussolini, Hitler and ceremony, and this is 'said to bring com-
other dictators sought guidance from the fort to lobsters, dead and alive.
stars. Hitler's mountain retreat at ·Berch- These ceremonies may be picturesque
tesgaden swarmed with fortune-tellers. He and newsworthy, but do these supersti-
plotted his campaigns according to the tious practices really bring benefit to old
stars. Becoming aware of this, the Allies skates, timepieces and footwear, or to
• ElIC]lclopwdia Britan"ioo, Ninth Edition, Volume 1, globefish and lobsters, or to any of the
p. 480.
t Ibid.. Volume VI, Pl'. 299-301. devOted or curious onlookers?
FEBRUARY 8, 196£1 23
On November 17, 1967, a stone monu- a table for the god of Good Luck and
ment in Tokyo's Ueno Park was dedicated those filling up mixed wine for the god of
to the souls of the terrapin, a fish whose Destiny. And I will destine you men to
soup is considered to be an ideal invigo- the sword." (Isa. 65:11, 12) The apostle
rator. The world's bantamweight boxing Paul also warned: "You cannot be drink-
champion assisted in the ceremony, but ing the cup of Jehovah and the cup of
it is hardly to be imagined that he owes demons." (1 Cor. 10:21) Those who wor-
his boxing crown to the superstition sur- ship the supreme God, Jehovah, must
rounding the terrapin. keep free from demon-inspired supersti-
Then, there are superstitions of daily tion.-Dellt. 18:10-13; 1 Tim. 4:1.
living. Just as tile number "13" is frowned
upon in Western countries, so the number Superstition and Phallic Worship
"4" is superstitiously avoided in Japan, Most religion stemming from Babylon
the reason being that the Japanese word has some phallic connections. In Japan's
for "death" is pronounced the same strongly Buddhist Nagano Province alone
(Ushi") as "4." Thus, rather than wish there are 420 shrines featuring phallic
you "death," a superstitious hostess will stones, usually representations of the male
offer you a plate of three or five cookies, sex organ. All over Japan there are road-
but never four. side statues of the Shinto god, Juzo, usu-
To mention just one of the many sea- ally decked with zigzag paper prayers im-
sonal superstitious practices, there is the ploring fertility. Each year, as many as
celebration of Setsubun~ which is said to 100,000 persons turn out at Komaki, in
mark the last day of winter. As evening Aichi Province, to see a huge wooden
falls, the family of the house scatter .replica of the phallus, weighing over 600
roasted beans in each room and at the pounds, carried on a palanquin by forty-
entrance, while shouting uOniwa-80to~ fu- six men from one shrine to another. At
kuwa-uchi" ("Demons outside, good for- Saidaiji, in Okayama Province, there is
tune inside"). So, it is superstitiously the annual Hadaka Matsuri ("Naked Fes-
hoped, spring will start with good luck. tival"), in which some 4,000 youths, clad
As part of this ceremony, a branch of only in loincloths, whip themselves into
holly (with a sardine head attached) is a frenzy as they struggle for possession
sometimes suspended over the entrance- of a wooden phallus that a priest tosses
way-reminiscent of the superstitious use into their midst.
of holly in another winter festival, the Can it be said that hysterical, or even
"Christmas" of Western countries. plack" worship of images of sex organs
Superstitions of the kind described or other phallic symbols is upbuilding?
above abound in "Christendom," as well Rather, such worship is degrading, re-
as in the Orient. They may seem "good placing the spiritual by the sensual, and
fun" and harmless, but are they so harm- making humans animalistic. It works
lessf Remember that the Israelites of against impaling "the flesh together with
olden times failed because of falling away its passions and desires," and contributes
to the superstitions of their neighbors, as nothing to the cultivation of the "fruitage
God's prophet explains: "But you men are of the spirit," which is "love, joy, peace,
those leaving Jehovah, those forgetting long-suffering, kindness, goodness, faith,
my holy mountain, those setting in order mildness, self-control."-Gal. 5;22-24.
24 AWAKE!
TM Truth That Builds Up Among other Babylonian practices, the'
After observing the superstitions in worship of "sex" has blossomed in this
Japanese religion, one writer concluded: twentieth century. Even clergymen whom
"All early religion is sex." However, this many would expect to stand for Christian
is not so. Originally, mankind received a principles are coming out openly in favor
religion that was pure, uncontaminated. of "free [erotic] love," premarital sex,
As the apostle Paul states, it is ungodly divorce on any grounds, adultery and even
men, who gave themselves up to wclean- sodomy! Why, a recent news report from
ness, who have "exchanged the truth of the United States says: "Ninety Episco-
God for the lie and venerated and ren- palian priests generally agreed yesterday
dered sacred service to the creation rath- that the church should classify homosex-
er than the One who created, who is ual acts between consenting adults as
blessed forever."-Rom. 1:24, 25. 'morally neutral' and acknowledge that in
"The One who created," Jehovah God, some cases such acts may even be a good
gave the first man and woman a" clean, thing."· This despite the Bible's clear-cut
exalted way of worship. They were to condemnation of such an immoral rela-
worship him according to his revealed tionship!-Rom. 1:24-27, 32.
truth, and- as they followed out' his com- Thus apostate Christians are joining
mand in pW'ity to "be fruitful and be- hands with pagan and "nature" religions,
come many and fill the earth and subdue the beatniks, the hippies and others, in
it," they were to lead their offspring in phallic practices that are condemned by
appreciative worship of their great God God. As 1 Corinthians 6:9, 10 states:
and Benefactor. (Gen. 1:26-28) After Sa- "What! Do you not know that unrighteous
tanic temptation and demonic pressure persons will not inherit God's kingdom?
had brought about the fall into sin and Do not be misled. Neither fornicators, nor
subsequent degradation of mankind, Je- idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men kept
hovah continued to build up those who for unnatural purposes, rior men who lie
showed love for righteousness by reveal- with men, nor thieves, nor greedy per-
ing truth to them through his inspired sons, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor ex-
prophets. These pointed forward to a tortioners will inherit God's kingdom."
clean and righteous society of mankind, The modern-day outcrop from the reli-
a "new earth" that would flourish under gion of superstition is all very degrading.
the "new heavens" of God's kingdom by However, Jehovah has happily provided
Jesus Christ.-Isa. 65:17; 66:22; 2 Pet. protection for those who love righteous-
3:13; Rev. 21:1-5. ness. Bible truth helps to bUild up a pro-
As already noted, modern-day religious tection against the degrading, demonistic
superstition really got its start in Babylon superstitions and practices of our day. We
after the flood of Noah's day. It was then are wise if we study diligently the truths
that Nimrod exalted himself as a god "in of the Bible, and seek out association with
opposition to Jehovah." (Gen. 10:8-~O) those who love the Bible. This will build
Nimrod thus promoted false religion, and us up in the true faith, and will lead us to
certainly sex perversion has been a fea- finding safety when the present immoral,
ture of the superstitious Babylonian reli- superstition-based system of things and its
gion from its inception. Today the Babylonish religion are overwhebned in
tentacles of Babylonian superstition pene- destruction.-2 Pet. 2:5; 3:7, 14.
trate into religion world wide. ~ The New York Times, November 29, 1967, p. 1.
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 25
'1'0 all who wish to make truth-and whatever things are lovable, whatever
not superstition-the guidepost in their things are well spoken of, whatever vir-
lives, the apostle Paul gives the following tue there is and whatever praiseworthy
sound advice: "FinaJJy, brothers, what-
thing there is, continue considering these
ever things are true, whatever things are
of serious concern, whatever things are things." (Phil. 4:8) Tr1.lly, Bible truth
rigl1teous, whatever things are chaste. builds up.
family members drift apart under the lure ganization is essential, and this depends
of excitement and materialism. The peace largely on the family head's taking the
and security formerly associated with lead and presiding effectively. Note what
family life are now for many almost a the <;reator· of man and the family in-
thing of the past. spired one of his penmen to write on the
"Nevertheless, there can be no doubt qualifications of a mature Christian: "A
that God's favor and blessing are upon the man presiding over his own household in
family arrangement. In fact, he instituted a fine marmer, having children in subjec-
the family as the basic unit of society. If tion with an seriousness." (1 Tim. 3:4)
you have your Bible at hand, please turn Peace and cooperation rather than a noisy
to Psalm 107, verse 41, and note how free-far-all can be achieved through firm
God's blessing is linked with family life: leadership.
"He protects the poor one from afflic.tion '! 'To enSUl'e proper famHy administra-
and converts him into families just like tion, there needs to be a code of conduct
a flock." Recall, too, that it was a God- for the governing of all members, appli-
fearing family that Jehovah saw fit to cable to the family head also. God's writ-
carry through the great Flood-a family ten Word, the Bible, furnishes just such
from whom all families living today are an authoritative standard. (2 Tim. 3:14-
descended.-Gen. 8:18; 1 Pet. 3:20. 16) And it follows that regular family
What about your family? Do you en- study of the Bible is the best way to make
joy a family life that satisfies? How much sure that every member becomes familiar
time and effort does each member contrib- with the requirements it sets forth. All
ute toward doing things as a family? Are members, young and old, have opportuni-
the members genuinely interested in one ty during such brief study sessions to ex-
another's welfare? Is there a communica- press themselves as believing in the Bible's
tion gap between parents and children, be- fine principles. (Rom. 10:10) What better
28 AWAKE!
way could there be to develop godly soli- es and mistakes. (Gal. 6:1) The objective
darity in the family? should be to correct and improve the
Family Bible study inculcates proper child's attitude, not to exasperate and
respect for the head of the household, for drive him into revolt and hatred.
his position as decreed by the Creator: 11 When the question of selecting suit-
"Listen, 0 sons, to the discipline of a a~le religious association comes up, the
father and pay attention, so as to know WIse household head will be guided by
W1derstanding." "You wives, be in sub- Bible principles. He will recall that' it is
jection to your husbands, as it is becoming God's arrangement for families to wor-
in the Lord." (Prov. 4:1;' Col. 3:18) Such ship unitedly~ "the men and the women
genuine respect for the office of husband and the little ones ... that they may listen
and father is the key to happiness in fami- and in order that they may learn." (Deut.
ly life, for it demonstrates submission to 31:12) God's way is .not that of segregat-
God's arrangement.-1 Cor. 11:3. ing the family members according to age-
a Of course, the family head must strive groups into clubs, societies and the like.
12 With proper organization and mutual
to prove himself worthy of the confidence
and respect of the family. He needs to appreciation of the Bible's role in their
take bis position seriously' and make his lives, God-fearing families can enjoy a
own life an example to the whole house- peace that is uncommon in these trou-
hold. (Col. 3:19, 21; Eph. 6:4) In this blous times. They can find happiness now
way he will avoid becoming like the re- and also anticipate many future blessings.
ligious hypocrites of whom Christ Jesus -Ps.128:1-4.
declared: "All the things they tell you, do
and observe, but do not do according to Can you answer these questions? For answers,
their deeds, for they say but do not per- read the article above.
form."-Matt.23:3. (1) Why is family security almost a thing of
the past even in prosperous democratic lands?
B That other essential to family happi-
(2) In view of what the Bible says at Psalm
ness, doing things together, requires plan- 107:41, how does God view the family arrange-
ning. (Amos 3:3) And the head of the ment? (3) What questions will help you deter-
household has this responsibility. In mine whether your family life is as satisfying
as it should be? (4) To improve your family life,
scheduling family activities, such as what is required on the part of each one in
household and kitchen duties, shopping the home? (5) In harmony with 1 Timolhy 3:4,
excursions, table conversation, family out- what is necessary for happiness in Ihe family?
ings and Bible study sessions, he is wise (6) Since the Bible provides the slandard thai
if he takes into account each individual's leads 10 family happiness, what is Ihe best
way to become familiar with its requirements?
need-making sure that there is interest (7) What fine principle does Ihe Bible inculcate,
for each one, regardless of age. And per- as shown at Proverbs 4:1 and Colossians 3:18?
haps one evening a week might be left (8) In view of Jesus' words about religiol,ls
open for each to pursue his own special hypocrites, 'how can the family head prove him-
interest or to engage in personal Bible self worthy of the respect of the family? (9) In
scheduling family activities, what provision does
study. a wise family head make? (10) When discipline
10 When disciplinary measures have to has to be administered, with what attitude
be applied, it should be in calnmess, not should the parent act? 111) What principle
in the heat of anger. (Ps. 37:8; Jas. 1: as to religious association, mentioned 01 Deuter-
onomy 31:12, should be followed? (12) What
19, 20) And it should always be with a blessings can the Biblically-organized family
realization of the parent's own weakness- anticipate?
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 29
of nitrogen oxides. Oil refin·
eries can pour out 450 tons of
sulphur dioxide each day and
airliners discharge between 6
and 7 tons of unburned fuel,
known as hydrocarbons, every
day during takeoffs and land-
ings from Melbourne and Syd·
ney airports. Due to this alarm-
ing increase the bronchitis
death rate is up 208 percent,
lung cancer is up 244 pe:.;cent
and, by contrast, arterioscle-
rotic heart disease (still Aus-
tralia's greatest killer) is up
168 percent.
The Land of the Bible
<$ American naturalist Peter
"Epidemic" of Bllndness place since. It is useless to ar· Farb in his book The Land,
<$> Dr. Jules C. Stein, chair- gue now the rights and wrongs Wildlife and Peoples of the
man of the nonprofit Research of that catastrophic moment. Bible makes a number of inter-
to Prevent Blindness, Inc., All we know is that it was a esting points. For example,
warned in November that the turning point. and the wonder- he notes that the fish that
blind popUlation of the United ful, calm, attractive world of swallowed Jonah could have
States "is increasing at a yesterday had vanished, neVf'r been a whale, but more likely
rate nearly twice that of the again to appear." was a white shark that grows
general population." Stein 60 feet in size and "can store
stated that from 1940 to 1960 Norway's Drug Problem food in its belly for many days
the blind population increased <$ Norway is faced with a
by 67 percent while the United growing drug addiction prob- without digesting it."
States population grew only lem. In 1965 only one youth Because Palestine of the
36 percent. Main causes were was accused of drug addiction Bible lies "at the crossroads
listed as a rising number of in Oslo. In 1966 there were of three continents," it has a
elderly persons, many of whom twenty-four cases. And in the tremendous variety of wildlife.
develop eye disorders; long- first nine months of 1007 at Says Farb:I"Almost every kind
lived diabetics and a large least 65 persons were charged of bird that inhabits Northern
number of defective children with using drugs, most of Africa, Southern Europe and
with vision problems. them being from fourteen to
twenty·two years old. Now al· Western Asia has been seen in
1914 the Beginning of the End most daily arrests are made the Bible lands." There are
<$> For over fifty years Jeho- in the nation's capital in can, about 2,250 species of trees,
vah's witnesses have been pro· nection with drug addiction. shrubs dnd plants in the land.
claiming to the world that the The youth of Norway are re- Its climate ranges from Arctic
year 1914 marked a turning portedly in search of "reality," to tropical. And yet the land is
point in the histori' of man- but drugs certainly will not "so small that a soaring eagle,
kind, ushering in a unique help them to find it. on a clear day, can see almost
generation prophesied to tE'r· all of it at once."
minate in a catastrophic man· Air Pollution Down Under
ner, namely, in the war of <$ Australia ranks third to the Light Penetration
Armageddon. Book reviewer United States and Canada in
Herbert Mishael, in his re· the consumption of fuel, hav- <$ To what depth does sunlight
view of Randolph Churchill's ing doubled its use in the last penetrate the ocean? Five dif-
book Winston 8. Ohurchill, decade. Total oil consumption ferent research submarines
Volume 2, notes that Church· for 1966 was 4,610.878,000 gal· found that sunlight reaches a
ill realized that the shot that Ions, plus 20 million tons of depth of 2,300 feet! Off the
was tired on June 28, 1914. in brown coal burned per annum coast of San Diego, California,
Sarajevo "shattered the world to produce electric power. Out observers found that natural
of security. . . shattered it of every ton burned there is light 600 feet down offered
like a hollow vessel of clay." produced 200 pounds of solids greater viewing range than
Mishael further states: "The as grit and ash, 40 pounds of even the submarine'S' artificial
world has never been the same sulphur oxides and 8 pounds lighting.
30 AWAKE"
Protestant Frustrations and Protestantism knows no en, eadge1'l, and hangers·on
*' The fourth assembly of the
World Council of Churches is
other, ordinary church mem-
bers have given the Bible up
have turned it into one long
bout of misery." Things got so
scheduled to meet at Uppsala, as a bad job. They no longer bad that for ten weeks he has
Sweden, next July. People hope expect to hear God speaking. had to live on the run out of a
that the World Coun~il of They leave that to the experts. suitcase in different parts of
Churches will say something It seems a pity that in Scot· England. What has all of this
or do something about the land a more determined effort made of Davies? "Things are
world situation. But the COun· is not being made to gather going to change," he says.
cil is a consultative and ad- the churches around the Word ''I'm going to be a bit more
visory body with no power to of God." And it is a pity Jthat hardhearted in the future."
speak or act on behalf of Its laymen see this need and not
constituent churches. The the clergy. Famine Inevitable
Glasgow Herald, referring to <i> From 1970 on hundreds of
this point, said: "The key to
renewal for both Church and
world lies not so much in
'*
Living with $280,000
Twenty.six·year-old John
Davies was asked if he' was
millions of people will starve
to death, according to Ameri-
can biologist Paul Ehrlich, and
new structures and strategies happier since he won $280,000 this in spite of any crash pro-
as in giving the Bible back in football pools. Davies, who gram that might be started
to the people as an open emergcd from seclusion, said: now. Ehrlich even suggested
book. The deep root of the "I was far happier with my that the U.S. stop sending food
to countries that he feels are
weakness and frustration of pay packet as a builder's lao lost causes already. He sees no
modern Protestantism lies in bourer." Since he came Into plan to harvest food from the
the fact that, while Scrip- wealth a year ago, said Davies, seas that will stem the coming
ture is the supreme authority "my life has been hell. Spong_ crisis.
f! WiJI11
If':!__
CMnrt- TO
-~ THOSE WHO
Are you one of the countless
millions who are "sighing and
groaning over all the detest-
able things that are being
done" in the world around
- MOURN us? (See Ezekiel 9:4.) Com-
fort is to be found in an un-
derstanding of God's_ pUrpose
for our generation. It is regu-
larly discussed in The Watch-
THE WATCHTOWER tower. Read it regularly. One
year, 8/6 (for Australia, $1;
One year, 8/6 for South Africa, 70c). Send
(for Australia, $1; for South today.
Africa, 70e).
,._....._....._._._....--.--_............._--._........._--._._..... _--._.-----.--_......---._---_........._--.--_ .............................................
WATCH TOWER THE RIDGEWAY LONDON N.W. 7
I am enclosing 8/6 (tor Australia. $1; for South Africa. 7OC). Please send me TII-e Watchtower for
one year. For mailing the coupon I am to receive free the three timely Bible booklets God'8
Way [8 Lotie, "Lcok! [ Am Making All Things New" and When AU Nat.on8 Unite Under GOd'8
Kingdom.
Street and NUmber
or Route and Box
Postal
DIstrict No. Count;,'
FEBRUARY 8, 1968 31
The "popular" answer
mignt be "No!" and some
might cite the example
of what they would call
"the myth of the Garden
of Eden."
CONTENTS
Why the Churches Are Losing Influence 3 Eyes in the Darkness 20
How Fine Are Refined Foods? 7
A House Divided 23
Peace---Available at the Shop with
the Wooden Door? 11
"Your Word Is Truth"
Doctor Urges Colleagues to Is There No More
"Be Consistent" 15 Such a Thing as Heresy? 27
What You Ought to Know
About Funerals 16 Watching the World 29
"'t is already the hour for you to awake."
-110"'''"0 13,11
ET a child
L choose his food,
a.nd what would he
be eating? Candy,
ice cream, cake, soda pop and suchlike. Of to some of America's foremost medical
course, no wise parent would pennit his authorities. Thus the Council on Foods of
child to subsist on su~h a diet but would the American Medical Association states:
require him to eat also what is best for "Simply choose foods from the four basic
him, wholesome food l including fruits and groups: milk, meat, vegetables and fruit,
vegetables. and bread and cereals. These foods offer
Should not parents and other grown- a wide variety and assure us the basics of
ups apply the same wisdom to their own a healthfUl diet." And says the United
eating habits? Surely all of us should States Food and Drug Administration:
want to take good care of our bodies so "The American food supply is unsurpassed
that as long as possible we may enjoy in volume, variety and nutritional value.
optimum health, being able to discharge In fact, Americans have to go out of their
our obligations to God and to our fellow- way, nutritionally speaking, to avoid being
man to the best of our ability. well-nourished. "
Of course, that involves a number of But not all agree with such statements.
things. Needed are sufficient sleep, relax- Among these is Con8Umer~ Bulletin. Re-
ation and rest, adequate physical exercise, garding foods being consumed by the
proper mental and emotional habits, avoid- American public, it had the following to
ance of tobacco and narcotics, moderation say in its August 1966 issue under the
in the use of alcoholic beverages, and heading "Overuse of Sugary, Starchy
proper food. Foods":
But do we really need to give much "Sugar and refined starches are the
thought to what we eat? Not according chief enemies of good nutrition in almost
FEBRUARY 22, 1968 7
all places where a so-called civilized diet what appeared in Scientific American,
prevails.... Sugar" common starchy foods July 1953:
and commercial fats are all highly unnat- "Cereal grains, like eggs and milk, are
ural foods. Though constituting 90 perceI\t foodstuffs designed by nature for the nu~
of the intake, they provide less than 1/20 trition of the young of the species. They
of the essential nutrients ... required by represent a five~in~one food supply which
the body for health. . .. The harm they contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats,
do cannot be compensated by vitamins and minerals and vitamins. A whole~grain ce-
minerals added by the food manufacturer real, if its food values are not destroyed
for 'sales appeal.' ... As far as practicable by the overrefinement of modern process-
the carbohydrates consumed should be in ing methods, comes closer than any other
natural mixture with vitamins, minerals, plant product to providing an adequate
fibrous material, as in vegetables and diet."
fruits." To what extent modern refining of
The foregoing remarks by a matter-of- whole~grain cereals robs tQem of vital nu-
fact, nonprofit research organization that trients can be seen in the case of wheat.
scientifically tests for consumers every- A kernel of wheat consists of 83.5 percent
thing from autos to zippers -raise some endosperm, from which white flour is
questions. Could it be that, after all, mod- milled. However, this contains only 10 per~
ern civilized man is not as well nourished cent ,of the proteins, fats, minerals and
as he thinks he is? Could it be that the vitamins. And what about the rest of the
kind of food he eats has a bearing on the kernel (the 15 percent bran and inner .coat
prevalence of heart disease, cancer and and the 1.5 percent wheat germ) that is
nervous a1fiictions? What are the facts? removed in the~ refining process? It ac~
That modern man's diet might not be counts for 90 percent of these valuable
so ideal after all is implied by ,the policy elements, including iron and phosphorus
of such men as Dr. T. K. Cureton, Ph.D. as well as the vitamins, such as B complex
As director of the Physical Fitness Re~ and E. This is a big nutritional loss.
search Laboratory at the University of If modern refining thus impoverishes,
illinois and consultant to the President's why are such foods as cereals refined? For
Council on Physical Fitness, he could a number of reasons. For one thing, white
hardly be accused of being a food faddist refined foods are more appealing to the
or a quack. Concerning him we are told
eye than are the darker natural foods.
that, while featuring the value of physical
exercise, he generally advises middle~ And there is also the matter of taste; re~
aged subjects "to increase their vitamin fined foods lend themselves more readily
intake, especially vitamins Bl and C, and to fancy uses such as for cakes and pud~
to add a daily ration of wheat germ and dings. But the chief reason is that refined
wheat~germ oil." and degerminated fOQds keep better than
unrefined foods; they are not nearly so
Why Refined Foods? likely to spoil. But this counts against
Why should it be necessary for Dr. their food value, for which reason a nu~
Cureton to prescribe additional vitamins? tritionist once said: "Eat only those foods
Could it be because of the way modern which spoil or rot or decay but eat them
foods, cereals in particular, are refined? before they do!" Pertinent here is .another
This well could be the case in view of remark of this same nutritionist: "Eat
8 AWAKE!
what you should before you eat what you lands in the South Atlantic were eating no
want to!" ·refined foods. After, twenty years of re-
That refined foods are not so fine after fined food, tooth deJay had increase:d in
all is not appreciated by many persons, adults from 18 to 92 per thousand and in
as can be seen from their eating habits. children from 1 to 226 per thousand. And
Their lunch often consists solely of white- in a series of tests reported on in Dental
bread sandwiches and soaa.' pop. In fact, Abstracts, December 1966, it was found
the truth about refined foods has not al- that the greatest improvement as regards
ways been appreciated by leaders in medi- gingivitis or inflammation of the gums
cine. Th,us at the turn of the century nu:;. was found in the group that eliminated
tritionists spoke disparagingly of leafy refined carbohydrates, such as white flour
vegetables, tomatoes and oranges. The and white sugar, and the greatest worsen-
poor were told that they could get along ing of the condition was found among
very well Wtthout them! those who had added refined sugar and
But then the light gradually began to suchlike to their diet, Also, it was found
dawn on the professional medical nutri- that, during World War II, as white sugar
tionists., They discovered that there were was harder to' obtain tooth decay de-
such things as nutritional deficiency dis- creased.
eases-beriberi and pellagra, for example. Refined foods also cheat the nervous
They found that chickens and pigeons fed system, as has already been noted in af-
on polished rice developed symptoms simi- flictions such as beriberi and pellagra.
lar to beriberi and that when either un- Thus the British Journal of Nutrition,
polished rice or rice husks or poJishings September 1964, told of natives of Tan-
were fed to these birds they were at once zania who were troubled with pins-and-
cured. What was lacking was the vitamin needles and burning sensations in their
B that is contained mostly in the husks feet and were experiencing difficulty in
of rice, even as it is primarily in the bran walking. Investigations showed that all
of wheat. Beriberi is still a common af- this resulted from their changing their food
fliction among people who live largely on from corn (maize) that contafned 90 per-
polished rice and dried fish. So, too, when c,ent.of the Whole grain to corn that was
a ship with a cargo of white flour was refined and contained only 60 percent and
wrecked in the Arctic, the Eskimos who which was greatly deficient in the B. vita-
salvaged it and lived almost exclusively mins. The report stated that as the people
on it while it lasted soon developed beri-
of Tanzania changed to more of this re-
beri. After they returned to their usual
diet the disease disappeared. fined food they could expect more of such
difficulties.
Yes, it appears that refined foods are
not so fine, for they are implicated in a Research has also shown that when the
host of ills from tooth decay to cancer. diet of children is improved by supplying
Leading dental researchers tell us that the essential vitamins - and minerals that
tooth decay is a disease of civilization, go by the board when foods are highly
that white sugar is bad for the teeth and refined, their learning capacity is im-
that Alaskan Eskimos or East Indians proved. Among adults it was found that
with good teeth are plagued with tooth such an improved diet resulted in better
decay upon moving to the cities. In 1932 work and fewer accidents. More than that,
the natives of the Tristan du Cunha is- according to Schizophrenics Anonymous,
FEBRUARY ££, 1968 9
their affliction may be largely a deficiency Refined Foods Doubly Bad
disease due to a lack of niacin or nicotinic How could refined fpods' be doubly bad?
acid, whIch' is one of the chief B vitamins In that they are not only deficient in
that is milled away in refining white flour. valuable vitamins and trace elements but
-Science New8~ March 26, 1966. also contain injurious substances because
Then again, there is more and more of the refining process. A report that ap-
evidence that hypoglycemia, a condition peared i~ the Medical World News of De-
in which there is too little sugar in the cember 1966 pointed this out.
blood, resulting in a host of troublesome It told that investigator Dr. H. A.
symptoms, is triggered, if not caused, by Schroeder fOWld he was able to Counter~
eating too many refined foods. As a result act diabetes in rats and man by feeding
those suffering from this malady are ad- them chromium or chromium chloride,
vised to avoid all white sugar, candy, cake, and went on to say: "Chromium is abun-,
pie, pastries, sweets and custards. It seems dant at birth . . . Chromium deficiency
that these artificial sweets overstimulate may result from sugar refining and other
in certain persons the glands known as food processing that involves superheat-
the jslands of Langerhans, to produce too ing. . . . In refined sugar, he has found
much insulin, resulting in a lack of sugar an almost complete absence of chromiwn,
in the blood. whereas the metal is present in natural
That refined food& may also be impli- sugar. Refined- sugar not only fails t6 pro-
cated in cancer is indicated by what Boris vide chromium, but it may drain the body
Sokoloff, Ph.D., M.D., has to say in of its stores of the metal, since sugar re-
his book Cancer~New Approaches~ New quires great quantities of chromium for
Hope. In it he tells of experiments in its metabolism."
which it was found that "when rats and And just the converse was found to be
mice are kept on natural (stock) diet, true of cadmium, a toxic metal that has
they are less predisposed to develop can- been found to cause high blood pressure.
cer than are animals kept on purified The body contains none of it at birth btlt
feed." Fed a Icancer-producing substance gradually accumulates it. From what
and natural unrefined foods, only 30 per- sources? One of these is soft drinking wa·
cent developed cancer in seven to eight ter, which acquires it from mains and
months. But when ~ed refined foods, to- copper and galvanized-iron pipes. Another
gether with this cancer--producing sub- source is refined food. The ratio between
cadmium and zinc is critical in high blood
stance, 90 percent developed cancer and pressure, and "wheat refining and rice
died within six or seven months. He polishing, raise the cadmium concentra-
states: "Why the animals kept on a [re- tion and lower the amoWlt of zinc in these
fined food] diet ,are more susceptible to grains .... Areas in the world where the
cancer-producing substances is not known. major source of calorie~ is refined grains
No interpretation has so far been given to are apt to show a high incidence of hyper-
this quite intriguing and perhaps vitally tension."
important fact .... It is possib1e that some In view of all the foregoing, how fine
essential amino acids present in natural are refi'ned foods? Not at all fine! They
foodstuffs and replaced by synthetic sub- may be more appealing to the eye and to
stances play some role in the resistance the palate and they may not spoil, rot or
to cancer formation." decay as soon as do natural foods, but
10 AWAKE!
when, It comes to giving what is needed of the white or light varieties; by usin'g
for optimwn health it does seeni that unpolished rice inste;lrl of polished white
highly refined. foods leave much to be de- rice; by using honey, molasses or dark-
sired. Housewives and mothers would brown sugar wherever practicable instead
benefit their families, by enabling them of white sugar, and especially by supply-
to get more vitamins and minerals from jng dried fruits instead of devitalized
foods, such as by generally choosing whole candies for the youngsters. Keeping good
wheat and the darker rye bread instead health is worth a little thought and effort.
AVAILABLE AT THE
SHOPW1rHTHE
W'AWUfr
lOUfSffJNDfNT
IN KOReA W'lOOEN OOO~7
MAGINE if it were possible to
I go into a store and purchase
peace for the nations. Impossible! And Application should be made to the Armis-
yet, there is a shop that has as its avowed tice Affairs Division, Headquarters, Unit-
'purpose the securing of peace-The Shop ed Nations Command."
with the WQOden Door. It is apparent that a visitor will prob-
Panmunjom, which, literally translated ably be exposed to some propaganda from
from Korean, means "The Shop with the both sides; yet, if he will keep an open
Wooden Door," is the site of the meetings
mind, a visit not only will prove interestJ
of the Military Armistice Commission,
ing but also might answer some questions
whose mission is "to supervise implemen-
tation of the truce terms" between the that we have concerning the case for
United Nations Command and the Korean peace.
Peoples Army of North Korea. It is an Instead of choosing just any day for a
armed truce, one of the longest in history. visit, we heard that it is best to wait until
"Military and civilian personnel are per- there is a meeting of the Military Armis-
mitted to visit Panmunjom as guests of tice Commission. Then it is possible to see
the United Nations Command daily ex- the representatives of each side actually
cept Monday," says the pamphlet Armed face one another and hear their argu~
Truce. "Here one can see the tragedy of ments. One' such meeting was called by
the division of Korea and sense to the full- the Cdmmunists last year-the 242nd
est the reality of the Communist threat. MAC meeting. We will attend it.
FEBRUARY 2£, 1968 11
Bus Ride to Panmunjam which is a neutral strip of land 4,000 me-
The United States Anny bus that pro- ters (about 13,123 feet) wide that winds
vides us with transportation thirtyooeight 151 miles across the peninsula of Korea
miles north to Panmunjom leaves the and serves as a buffer between the North
United Nations Command Headquarters Korean Anny and the UN forces. The ac-
in Seoul at 7:30 a.m. It swings into the tual border, called the Demarcation Line,
overcrowded streets of a city already im- runs down the center of this zone.
mersed in the day's activity. We are re- At the base camp the visitors receive
lieved when the bus breaks out of the city coffee and a short briefing about Panmun-
traffic into the quiet countryside. jam. We learn that it was a small village
On-either side of the bus rice paddies destroyed in the Korean War. During the
range out toward the rugged mountains, initial truce talks an area near the old
and the mountains themselves, once burnt village became a mutually agreed upon
bald by war, are finally beginning to show meeting place and has since served as
some heavy growths of pines and other such. It is located in the center of the
trees. This is pleasant; a comfortable, Demilitarized Zone, is almost circular and
quiet ride through a peaceful coUntryside. is called "The Joint Security Area."
Then one begins to notice military in- Mter the briefing aU the visitors are
stallations tucked into the rice paddies given a sheet of paper upon which are
and the hills. They seem incongruous in listed instructions, such -as; No weapons,
this quiet pastoral scene, but the farther guns or knives are permitted in the Joint
north the bus goes the more numerous Security Area. No visitors may enter any
they become. Excitedly one of the passen- ,Communist buildings. Pictures may be
gers points to the left, and all the visitors 'taken, but if a Communist soldier resents
crane to see artillery pieces on maneuvers having his picture taken and shows it,
belching smoke. Soon armored personnel stop immediately. Visitors may not talk
carriers rattle down a side road to meet to Communist soldiers. If a visitor is in
us, followed by a column of tanks. In sec- any way threatened by a Communist sol-
onds the passengers are staring into the dier, he should seek the protection of a
maw of a cannon mounted atop a tank. UN Security Guard. After the guests have
The bus stops before a long, single-lane, read all the instructions, they sign the
trestle bridge, and armed soldiers board paper at the bottom to show that they
the bus to check the passenger list. Across understand and agree to all the restric-
the Imjim River is the militarized zone. tions and then they receive a tag that
On eIther side of the narrow dirt road reads "Visitor." This done, the barrier
small signs, hanging from a single barbed across the road is raised, and the bus
wire, warn in English and Korean that moves past a UN guard post and into the
the fields are all mined. Rice is no longer Demilitarized Zone.
harvested from these paddies. It is a rath- The passengers begin to feel al'lticipa-
er barren section, and we are glad to be tion building up. In only a few minutes
through it and arrive at our first destina- the bus moves past another UN outpost,
tion, the base camp. ' and then straight ahead we see the first
Communist outpost manned by two North
Base Camp and Joint Security Area Korean soldiers. Anticipation slowly gives
The base camp is an American Army way to the curious feeling that we OlIrM
camp just outside the Demilitarized Zone, selves have entered the arena.
12 AWAKE!
The bus parks in a dirt clearing be- tion by the UN Command is "Propaganda
fore a white, newly built sg-ucture with Park." One may wonder what the Com-
a two-story, pagodalike to~r in the cen- munists call Freedom House. The guide
Iter and a single-story_ building on either then points to a round building on a small
side. Here we leave the bus, guided by a hill and explains that it is a- Communist
member of the United States Navy, who guard post and that it was once the high-
tells us that the white building was built est building in the Joint Security Area,
by the South Koreans to beautify the but-and here there is a show of some
otherwise drab meeting area. It is called pride-the Freedom House tower is now
"Freedom House" and, according to the the highest structure by a few feet.
pamphlet, "is meant to be a symbol of the
hope for a peaceful reunification of the Viewing the Conference
divided Korea under: a free and democratic The conference is under way when the,
form of government." visitors arrive at the conference building.
From the tower of Freedom House the Along either side of the building are win-
visitor is able to see almost the entire dows that permit the visitor to hear and
Joint Security Area. Just before him are to watch the proceedings only a few feet
seven rectangular, one-story, barrack- from the participants. The building is di-
type buildings in a row. Three belong to vided in the middle by a conference table
the Korean Peoples Army and are paint- whicn, in turn, is divided by a microphone
ed green. Three belong to the United Na- cord that runs down the center. That
tions Command and are painted blue. The cable marks the boundary between North
one in the center is the Military Armistice and South Korea. An American general,
Commission conference· building-this is flanked by a British general and a South
where the actual meeting takes place. Korean admiral, represents the UN side,
Around the buildings mill security po- while a North Korean general, assisted
lice from both sides, mingled with the by a political adviser, speaks for the Com-
visitors and the press. Each side is per- munist side.
mitted no more than thirty-five security The UN general charges that the North
police on duty in the area at anyone time Koreans are regularly attempting to in-
and they may carry only small arms. As filtrate the'. UN lines and firing at UN
we are watching, a formation of British positions. He then produces Russian-made
soldiers in colorful uniform march out weapons, equipment and bloody uniforms
from a UN guard room and, with elabo- taken from the bodies of North Korean
rate arm-swinging and high-stepping ma- soldiers that were shot as they allegedly
neuvers, change the guard. The North attempted to infiltrate south. As the
Korean security police ignore the entire lengthy report is translated into Korean,
procedure. the North Korean general ignores the evi-
The guide pOints across the area into dence as if it were not there and ignores
North Korea toward a building that looks the UN offer to return the bodies of the
like a summerhouse with a pagoda roof dead soldiers. He seems bored.
in the center of a small park. He tells us Then it is his turn. After visibly mus-
that the building was built by the North tering his fiercest countenance and point-
Koreans ostensibly as a recreation area ing his. finger, he denies the charges. Then
but that its "real purpose" is for propa- he reads a long paper that has nothing to
ganda reasons, hence its official designa- do with the charges and basically re-
FEBRUARY 22, 1968 13
hashes claims of 'American imperialism It soon becomes obvious that nothing
and involvement in the Vietnamese War. is going to be settled, in spite of the
We observe that the Communists mainly wealth of words. So the visitors are load-
work from prepared docwnents. Now it ed back into the bus and returned to the
is the UN general's turn to look bored. base camp for lunch.
At one point in the proceedings the As it turned out, the visitors missed an
UN general hands the North Korean gen- mcident that occurred after they left. At
eral a South Korean newspaper that con- the close of the meeting, as the UN gen-
tains a news item datelined New York, erals were about to depart, a North Ko-
which has as its headline, "Premier Hits rean journalist defected by jumping into
Asian Reds as Gangsters." The story an- the car that was waiting to carry the
gers the North Korean general, and he British general back to the baSe camp.
throws it back at the North Korean sol-
UN general. The UN diers tried to drag
general pushes it ARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE him out of the car,
• GettIng to Know God.
back again across • Malnutrltlon-Soourg. of DevelopIng but an American
Countrle •• lieutenant colonel
the table to the Com- • CarnIval Tim. In colombIa.
munist side, and this • Relativity and thO! World jumped into the car
In Which W. Live.
time the North Ko- and ordered the driv-
rean general crum- er to go, while a mili-
ples up the paper and throws it at the UN tary police captain knOCked down the two
general. Communist soldiers. A barricade was hast-
This type of exchange has gone on for ily erected at the last Communist outpost,
almost sixteen years. The negotiations for and the North Korean security guards
the truce itself took over two years and fired their pistols at the fleeing sedan, but
18,000,000 words, and in the ensuing thir- it escaped by smashing through the barri-
teen and a half years, 242 MAC meetings cade and speeding on to UN lines. The
and over 300 MAC secretaries meetings, journalist, believing that he was about to
where administrative problems and minor be purged, left behind a wife and three
violations of the armistice are negotiated, children. Another incident to supply fuel
have produced an almost incomprehen- for angry debates.
sible volume of words. This is compounded
by the fact that every statement must be Impressions
translated consecutively from English to At the last CommWlist outpost, as the
Korean to Chinese in the case of the UN last Communist guard glares into the de-
and from Korean to English to Chinese parting bus, the visitors form definite and
by the North Korean side. long-lasting impressions of what they have
However, for those visitors who become just seen. Both sides loudly declare peace
weary of the word exchange there are as their motive. The Communists even
plenty of subjects for photographing. They
brought into the Joint Security Area a
photograph gesturing generals and the
flock of pigeons that they called "Peace
scowling Communist soldiers. In fact, the
entire area, with squads of soldiers march- Doves." However, they had trained the
ing in and out, is viewed by many as a col- pigeons to land only on the green North
orful spectacle, an international sldeshow Korean buildings-obviollSly a propagan-
that would have made American show- da stunt. The UN confounded one flock
man P. T. Barnum envious. of pigeons by painting the roofs of their
14 AWAKEI
buildings another color. It would seem serious, deadly serious. Untold numbers
that both sides have abandoned hope that of human lives are involved.
the United' Nations can ever bring about And the questions-what of the ques-
a pennanent peace and now are mainly tions to which visitors had hoped to find
interested in the propaganda value of the answers? Can places like Panmunjom
meetings. bring about lasting, peace? The most en-
Then there are the meetings them- thusiastic reply from the supporters of
selves. The deep-rooted bitterness of both these meetings is that the, meetings are
sides is clearly evident, but yet there is better than the hot war' they replaced.
a little lingering impression that they must Agreed, but the blunt fact is that, after
be joking. Their actions are many times
thirteen ami a half years of debate on the
ludicrous, httm0rous, seemingly to be
viewed merely as piqued children having subject in the general assembly, the Unit-
a falling out and nothing more serious ed Nations has failed to find a formula
than that. One meeting was called by the for a peace treaty in Korea. How long ,can
Communists to complain that the UN sol- 'the Shop with the Wooden Door hold back
diers were throwing snowballs at them. the flood of war? The case for peace is at
Tanks, heavy guns and a colwnn of best tenuous.
grim, young soldiers move by the bus on It is a thoughtful journey back to Seoul,
their way to take their place on the line. but we find it just as we left it: bustling,
Then one may recall the blood-caked uni- busy, and if any are aware that they live
tonns seen earlier that day and there is under the kuD, they do not show it. It is
a sobering moment. No joke here; it is business as usual. '
24 AWAKE!
with the official publication and presenting with whom he had been very Close, by
its own view of matters! means of a spirit ·mediwn, and so sub-
There was strong dJfference of opinion scribes to spiritism.
as to the church's gett~g more and 'more But did his colleagues, the bishops,
involved in civil rights and like issues. forthrightly censure these teachings, all
Concerning the divisive Vietnam War of which go contrary to their Creed, not
issue, the convention Daily said: "Two to say anything about their being at vari-
dozen speakers enunciated virtually every ance with the Word of God, the Bible?
point of view conceivable on the Vietnam No, they only 'slapped his wrist,' as it
war and what they individually thought were, by reporting that Pike's writings
the Church ougqt or ought not to say "on profound realities ... too often were
about it." And said the public press: "If marred by caricatures of treasured sym-
there was anguish at the convention it was bols . . . by cheap vulgarization of great
over the Vietnam war. The churchmen expressions of faith." In other words, it
wrestled with a statement on the war was not what he said but how he said it
until the '11th hour.' There was deep di- that was censurable. So they did not
vision over America's role in S~mth Viet- think I that Pike's "often obscure and con-
nam." tradictory utterances warrant the time
A failure to be 'united was also seen in and the work and the wounds of a trial."
regard to the Episcopal Church's uniting In a similar vein Archbishop Ramsey
with other churches. A press report stat- chose to dismiss Pike's 'heresy' as "super-
ed: "Bishops made it clear yesterday- .(icial stuff . . . Pike is not a profound
but not unanimously-that they are seri- thinker or a great scholar. The heresy
ous in pushing along the road to Church charge against Pike advertises the man
unity." One of them in favor of it stated: and his work and gives it an importance
"It is difficult to conceive that some day it doesn't deserve."
our beloved Episcopal Church will no At the convention Pike charged that
longer exist, but that day will come." Es- "thousands of clergy, inside and outside
pecially did a number of delegates dis- 'this Church are waiting to have' this
agree with Archbishop Ramsey that he sword of Damocles,"* that is, the charge
could foresee 'a world of Christians united of heresy, "taken off the head of theologi-
in one church with a non-infallible pope cal honesty," and charged Archbishop
as presiding bishop,' although such a Ramsey with prejudice and termed his re-
union may still be far away. marks about him as "nonsense." And
smarting because of the bishops' censure,
The Heresy Issue Sidestepped mild as it was, Pike demanded either a
The heresy issue came up at this con- clearing of himself or a trial. Stunned, the
vention first of all because of ex-bishop bishops evolved a compromise that satis-
James A. Pike's statements as to what he fied Pike. They made a new rule that
believes. And what does he believe or not from now on a bishop could be tried for
believe? Among other things he denies the heresy only if ten bishops (instead of
inspiration of the Scriptures, denies the three) Signed a statement charging here-
virgin birth of Jesus Christ and that his sy, after which two-thirds of all the bish-
is the only name under heaven whereby • "The sword suspended by a single hair over the
head of Damocles, gu~st at a sumptuous banquet given
man can be saved. Pike also claims to b~ Dionysius . . . Greek tyrant of Syracuse. as a re-
have spoken to his deceased son, a suicide~ mmder of the lIl;!eeurlty ot a tyrant's happiness,"
-Webster,
FEBRUARY 22, 1968 25
ops had to sign a request for a heresy himself dQes. In fact, this was intimated
trial before such a one could take place. by ·the very wording of Pike's censure in
This new rule made heresy trials, in effect, the first place.
a thing of the past" at least as far as a The fact is that for, some twenty years,
United States Episcopal bishop was con- ever since his ordination as an Episcopal
cerned. priest-he had at one time studied for the
This action of the bishops at the con- Roman Catholic priesthood and had be-
vention again underscored the lack of come a lawyer-Pike has been in trouble
Wlity of thought within the Episcopal with his Episcopal colleagues. On at least
Church. Thus The Living Church lament- four different occasions he has been
ed that such an action by the bishops was charged with heresy. Why nothing has
saying "to the world that the Episcopal ever come of these charges Pike intimates
Church is no longer concerned with what in his latest book If This Be Heresy. In
its official teachers teach-this being mere it he tells of a fellow bishop who wrote
opinion, mere doctrine, and therefore not him saying in effect: "We know these
important." things, Jim, but don't let 'the little people'
know." In this regard Pike has a point in
Why Did They Sidestep the Heresy Issue? speaking of theological honesty.
Why did these bishops lay themselves But in another respect Pike is incon·
open to charges by their fellow churchmen sistent. He professes to be a Christian but
that they no longer believed that doctrine he certainly is not a Christian by Biblical
was important? As The Living Church standards, as judged by the original Book
edHoriaIized, no doubt there were some that tells us about Jesus Christ and his
bishops who actually believed that there teachings. Jesus said: "I am the way and
is no such thing as heresy anymore. But the truth and the life. No one comes to
certainly not all of ,them, for the editors the Father except through me." Of his
tell of speaking with scores of bishops Father's Word he said: "Your word is
who privately "admitted that they were truth." The apostle Peter stated: "There
voting for peace in our time." "If this is not another name under heaven. that
was the case, their action was unprin- has been given among men by which we
cipled and pusillanimous," the editors must get saved." And the apostle Paul
charged. Yes, without a doubt many a said: "Let God be found true, though
bishop sidestepped the heresy issue be- every man be found a liar."-John 14:6;
cause of not wanting to get involved in 17:17; Acts 4:12; Rom. 3:4.
a fight over doctrine. WJ:to knows how What is apparent from all this? Simply
many enemies such an issue might make this, that those who still have faith in the
for him? But in refusing to make Pike's Bible must look elsewhere for instruction
heresy an issue the bishops betrayed that in it. They are, admittedly, a divided
they were being motivated by policy rath- house, and Jesus said that "if a house be-
er than by principle. comes divided against itself, that house
While emotionalism and persona1ity will not be able to stand." Why put your~
might have swayed others, even as some self in line to fall with it? Heed Jesus'
charged, without a doubt the chi'ef reason warning: "Let them be. Blind guides is
for the bishops' sidestepping the heresy what they are. If, then, a blind man guides
issue was that so many of them believe a blind man, both will fall into a pit."
to a greater or lesser extent just as Pike -Mark 3:25; Matt. 15:14.
26 A WAKE'!
you are reallY my Q1SClpleS, ana you WlIl
know the truth, and the truth will set
you free." And Jesus also prayed: "This
means everlasting life, their taking in
knowledge of you, the only true God, and
of the one whom you sent forth Jesus
Christ." Taking in knowledge me~s tak-
ing in right teaching, doctrine, and it is
so important that everlasting life depends
upon it!-John 8:31, 32; 17:3.
The apostle Paul repeatedly stressed the
NE of the modern trends in religion
O is to dismiss the very idea of there
being any such thing as heresy. Is this
impo.rtance of teaching, of knowledge, and
not just of knowledge but of accurate
knowledge. Thus concerning his Jewish
trend, in keeping with the Scriptures or countrymen he wrote: "I bear them wit-
is it harmful? ness that they have a zeal for God' but not
According to the modern view, the out~ . '
according to accurate knowledge." More
standing thing about Jesus Christ was than that, he repeatedly prayed that his
that he was "the man for others," and so Christian brothers might be filled with
they contend that all that God requires accurate knowledge.-Rom. 10:2; Eph. 1:
of us is to work for the betterment of 17; Phil. 1:9; Col. 1:9.
others. socially, politically and economi- The very fact that accurate knowledge
cally. But nothing could be more removed or right teaching is so important shows
from the teaching of Jesus and his apos- that there can be such a thing as wrong
tles than the idea that right doctrine is teaching, inaccurate or false knowledge
not important. In fact, it might be said in other words, heresy. The Greek word
that, even as the "God is dead" view has from which the English word heresy
greatly weakened the faith of many in comes is hai're.8!s. It, in turn, comes from
God, so the view that there is no more a root meaning 'a choosing,' and so' is
such a thing as heresy has greatly weak- used to refer to a self-willed ohoosing as
ened the faith of many in the Bible as to what to teach and practice as regards
the Word of God. religion, the result of which is division and
True, in times past the charge of heresy sectarianism. Accordingly, we find it re-
was used cruelly to persecute many in the peatedly translated as "sect." (Acts 5":17;
n~e of religion, as in the case of. the
28:22; 1 Cor. 11:19) Generally it has a
Spanish Inquisition. But the mere fact slightly unfavorable connotation, as when
that in times past many people were tor- Paul testified: "According to the way that
tured on the charge of heresy does not they call a 'sect,' in this manner 1 am ren-
mean that there is no such thing as heresy dering sacred service to the God of my
and that untruth and faIse doctrine must forefathers."-Acts 24:14.
be tolerated among' God's worshipers.
Showing that teaching does indeed mat~
The Scriptures not only stress the impor-
ter are the strong words of Paul at Gala-
tance of healthful teaching, but they also
tians 1:7-9: "There are certain ones who
speak against all false teaching.-2 Tim.
are causing you trouble and wanting to
4:3; Titus 1:9; 2:1.
Jesus stressed the importance of truth pervert the good news about' the Christ.
when he said: "If you remain in my word, However, even if we or an angel out of
FEBRUARY SB, 1968
heaven were to declare to you as good not confesSing Jesus Clnist liS coming
news something beyond what we declared in the flesh. This is the deceiver and
to you as good news, let him be accW'sed. the antichrist." More than that, John
AJ!. we have said above, I also now say felt so strongly about right teaching
again, Whoever it is that is declaring to that he commanded: "Everyone that
you as good news something beyond what pushes ahead and does not remain in the
you accepted, let him be accursed." teaching of the Christ does not have God .
That there is such a thing as false . . . If anyone comes to you and does not
teaching and that it must be avoided Paul bring this teaching, never receive him into
further makes clear in his words to Timo- your homes or say a greeting to him. For
thy: "Shun, empty speeches that violate he that says a greeting to him is a sharer
what is holy; for they will advance to in his wicked works." So, according to
more and more ungodliness, and their John, wrong teaching is equated with wick-
word will spread like gangrene. Hymenae- ed works.-l John 2:22; 2 John 7, 9-11.
us and Philetus are of that number. These Further underscoring the importance of
very men have deviated from the truth, correct teaching is the care that the apos-
saying that the resurrection has already tle Paul took in his letters to make cer-
occurred; and they are subverting the tain points crystal clear, marshaling facts
faith of some." Unquestionably there is and reasons to prove his points. How
such a thing as right teaching and such many chapters he devotes in his letter to
a thing as wrong teaching, and the dis- the Romans to explain the matter of being
tinction is important!-2 Tim. 2:16-18. declared righteous by faith! And this is
Heresies are listed by the apostle Paul also the burden or theme of his letter to
among the works of the flesh that would the Galatians. Paul considered correct
debar a Christian from God's kingdom. teaching that important. And what a
(Gal. 5:20, AV) And he counseled Titus, masterful defense he makes for the res-
"As for a man that promotes a sect [or, UlTection of the dead in what has come
a heresy], reject him after a first and a to be chapter fifteen of his first letter to
second admonition." (Titus 3:10) The the Corinthians! Then, in his letter to the
apostle Peter also showed the validity of Hebrews, what is the purpose of all the
the heresy concept, for he wrote: "False parallels to which he calls attention be-
prophets also arose among the people, just tween the Jewish system of things and the
as there will be false teachers among you, Christian system of things? Is it not to
who will secretly bring in destructive set straight those Hebrew Christians on
heresies, even denying the Master who the matter of doctrine? In fact, about-one-
bought them, brInging upon themselves third of all Paul's letters deal with matters
swift destruction."-2 Pet. 2: 1, RS. of doctrine.
The apostle John likewise makes it plain Since the Christian Greek Scripture
that there is such a thing as heresy, such writers make right teaching so important
a thing as false teaching, and that it is and speak out so strongly against false
to be condemned and shunned. Thus he teachings, we cannot escape it: For those
wrote: "Who is the liar if it is not the one who would abide by apostolic Christianity
that denies that Jesus is the Christ? This it is proper to speak of false teaching as
is the antichrist, the one that denies the heresy. All such will not have anything
Father and the Son." "For many deceivers to do with it; nor will they tolerate it
have gone forth into the world, persons within the Christian congregation.
28 AWAKE!
thousands of men and women
on college campuses."
'*
Approaching a Crisis
At one of the sessions of
the American Association for
the Advancement of Science a
cheerless picture was painted.
Prof. Bar.ry Commoner of
Washington University argued
that the environment is being
placed under stress "to the
point of collapse" and this
planet is approaching "a crisis
which may destroy its !hlit·
ability as a place for hwnan
society." Prof. L. C. Cole of
Cornell University suggested
EarthqU9.ke;j Rock Sicily that even the continued avail-
Broken-HelU't Deaths ability <if the earth's oxygen
+ The countryside of western + People can die of broken supply can no longer be taken
Sicily was rocked early Jan· hearts, so scientists in both
uary 15 by a series of earth· Britain and the United States for granted, and that the
quakes that crumbled stone have discovered. Deaths world's population may "be
walls and cinder·block build· among newly bereaved family already beyond what the earth
ings in dozens of small farm· members werc six times great- can support on a continuous
ing towns. Hundreds of rural er than those among non·be- basis." The New York Time8
residents were driven into reaved families in one Welsh editorially reported these re-
streets and fields that were community, says a rcport in marks and stated: "Behind
covered with four inches of Mechanix Illustrated. This these and other expressIons of
snow, the result of Sicily's sow-ce said: "A recent London alarm is mounting evidence
worst winter in years. Indica· study showed that heart· that man and his works are
tions are that several hundred attack deaths of widowers dur- disrupting the numerous com·
persons died in the quakes and ing the first six months of be- plex and interrelated processes
hundreds more were injured. reavement were largely caused upon which this planet's web
by grief." of life depends. . . . Humanity
Sharp RI!le of Crime
can survive only if the natural'
+ America is a violent coun·
try, said New York City Po·
lice Commissioner Howard R.
'*
Widespread Disbelief
America is slowly becom·
ing a country of unbelievers.
environment . . . is protected
against the :powerful threats
Leary. Crime statistics for the An interfaith panel asserted that now impinge as man uses
first nine months of 1967 sup· that abandonment of classic godlike powers with much less
religious premises has become than godlike wisdom."
port his view, because they a swelling phenomenon in the'
indicate very strongly that United States. 'We're facing a
America is fast becoming a Die In Christmas Stampede
deluge ,of nonbeHef, particu·
~ Annually in Vit6ria, Brazil,
land of the lawless. There was larly among our younger gen-
a 60·percent rise in bank rob· eration," said Dr. Dumont F. free Christmas gift coupons
beries. All robberies were up Kenny, president of York Col· are given to the poor by local
27 percent, murder by 16 per- lege. "The problem of What's charities. The coupons are re-
cent, aggravated assault by 9 causing this disbelief is not deemable for gift packages. On
percent and forcible rape by remote or marginal. It's all December 9 some 16,000 worn·
7 percent. All crimes Increased around us," he said. Rabbi en and children jammed a
by 16 percent over the total Arthur Schneier of New York local stadium. Suddenly a
for the first nine months of is quoted as having said: "A stampede began for the cou·
1966. The rise in crime from vast segment of the American pons. When it was all over,
year to year can be seen in people, never ever concerned nine women had been tram-
the following figures: 1961, with Marx, have become total- pled to death. Some of the
3%; 1962, 6%; 1963, 10%; 1964, ly indifferent to the religious women had been pregnant.
13%; 1965, 6%; 1966, 11%; point of view." He added that Sixteen other women were
1967, 16%. this included "thousands and injured.
FEBRUARY ~2. 1968 29
Youu. WOrrlM 0IerI'Y Oatholio Reportsr. generally possible. They say that if
.. Four of America's religIous considered the bishops' letter there is reasonable expecta·
leaders who appeared on a timid, defensive and bland. tion that some gum or tooth
special year·end tele;.rIsion pro·, CommonweaZ magazine called defect will be discovered or
gram expressed concern over it an exercise in "scare cau· prevented, then an X ray
the young people's dIsenchant· tlousness," adding: "One looks seems just1fled, but not other-
ment with the modern reli· for optimism, but in its place wise. An association spokes-
gious establishment. Archbish· there is a nostalgia, latent but man said that dentists should
op Iakovos, head of the Greek real, for the docile yester- not routinely submit patients
Orthodox Church of North days. American Catholicism to X·ray' examinations.
and South America, called the deserved better."
Archaeological Flnd!l
situation a "crisis." Rabbi What Price Auto Safety'/' .. British archaeologist Dr.
Marc H. Tanenbaum, director
of the Interreligious affairs
+ Auto manufacturers of Kathleen Kenyon, director of
America stated that they had the British school of archaeol·
department of the American to increase the cost of the new ogy in Jerusalem, has found
Jewish Committee. said young models in order to install considerable evidence that
people were troubled by ''what shoulder harnesses to keep up Jerusalem has undergone elab·
they call the phoniness of the' with the cry for higher stan· orate schemes of urban reo
religious establishment." Dr. dards of safety. This year's newal throughout its long
Eugene Carson Blake, general cars include built·in features, hisJory. By digging to the
secretary of the World Coun· such as collapsible steering- bottom layer in ,several areas,
cll lof Churches, declared that wheel assemblies, dual-brak· Dr. Kenyon discovered por·
"too much of our 20th century ing systems, safer tires and tions of the original city wall
Christianity in the affluent na· rIms, stronger door locks and built perhaps by the Jebusites,
tions has confused our Chris· laminated windshields. The before the Israelite exodus
tIan faith with the heresy of a most controversial device from Egypt. Further excava·
success religion." He said it from both the cost and safety tions revealed that these peo.
was "the ugliness of this popu· viewpoint is the cross-chest pie were imaginative town
lar heresy of the 'successful' harness for the two front planners and accomplished
that the younger generation seats. The manufacturers say engineers. They built impres·
In Europe and the Americas is the harness costs somewhere sive houses on the sides of
now rejecting." from $23 to $32. This alleged steep hills with the support of
cost has been termed "distort· a complex of masonry ter-
Threats to Catholic Unity ed and grossly exaggerated." races. Dr. Kenyon's diggings
.. On January 10 two hun· An American company alleg· indicate that when King David
dred Roman Catholic bIshops edly sells shoulder harnesses captured Jerusalem, he incor-
to one of the big four domestic porated the Jebusite walls and
in the United States in a 25" manufacturers, not for $23 or hillside terraces into his own
OOO·word collecti ve pastoral $32, but for $1.25 to $1.50 each. expanding capital. The pub-
letter voiced deep concern Senator Mondale declared that lished report says: "Excava·
over what they called de- the auto manufacturers stand tions suggest the Old Testa·
structive and hostUe attitudes to make an estimated profit of ment was highly accurate in
within the Catholic church. $100,000,000 on thIs one safety
its description of widespread
The bishops said: "We notice item alone. destruction during the occupa·
that some today . . • ridicule tion."
the church, and under the Warning Aga1nl!lt X RaYII
guise of' being contemporary, .. The American Dental As· Mob CrIme at Peak
sociation, whose membership
seem hostile to everything ex· includes almost all of Ameri· + OrganIzed crime is today
cept their own views." About ca's 110,000 dentists, warns at its peak, said one of New
a fourth of the letter was de- dentists to think twice before York's top crIme busters,
voted to reports that malaise SUbmitting every aching tooth Jacob Grumet. He saId, "Or·
and' dissatisfaction weigh se- to an X-ray examination. Over· ganlzed crime has entered Ie·
riously on the American cler- exposure to X rays can be gitimate business and is flour·
gy; that some priests today are lethal or ,cause birth defects. ishing more than ever." The
afflicted by loneliness, doubts Precisely what constitutes a reason for the rise in crime?
about the relevance of their dangerous radiation dosage "The major problem today is
ministry and other worries. has never been determined. So that the public and the people
Progressive Catholictl and medical authorities reason who should be concerned with
their journals, such as Oom-, that the safest course is to crime have not fully realized
man-weal and The NationaZ reduce exposure- whenever the mass)ve infiltration made
30 A WAKE!
by raeketeen tnto lerttlmate 10Qk 11ke "$PIy a dress re- amount of seven yean ago.
busJness, Through nefartous hearsal" He made thiI warn- Thefts during Chrlstmas run
methods organized crime now ing to a joint legislative sel- to $600,000,000. Nlnety-flve
controls enormous amounts ot sion qn January 11. percent at such stealing Is
money to corrupt some police done by supposedly "respect·
and public officials," OhrIatmal!l and ThIevery able" housewIves.
.. Christmas Is considered a
What Is In Store for '88 time ot peace on earth and Clan Fish Smell!
• A presidential hopeful, goodwill toward men, but In .. The MachAne Design Ma.gll-
Governor George Romney at reality there is little genuine zine for December 7 carries an
Michigan, warned that Negro peace and often less goodwill interesting item about flshery
groups are "organized, trained among some men at that time scientists and problems con-
and armed tor violence, riots than at other times. It is a fronted by them. "Experi·
and civil guerrilla wadare." fact that during the Christ- ments in the Pacifl.c North·
These groups, he said,' "are mas season literally millions west have shown that all a
using the latest methods and of dollars' worth of Christmas man has to do Is wipe his hand
means developed in Cuba, gifts are stolen. Purse snat'ch- over a bear pelt and dip' it in
China and Southeast Asia" ers and pickpockets are at the water. Quickly, all the
and are "steadily enlisting their busiest, stealing from salmon busily swimming up-
more recruits." According to ChrIstmas shoppers. Auto stream to spawn-for as far
Romney, the whites are also thieves are especially active. downstream as 200 yards-
"arming at an alarming rate In seconds they can burglarize will bolt for the nearest h,ole
to protect themselves." He an auto, if not steal the vehicle until the smell goes away,"
described the racial situation outright. Home burglaries in-
as "much more explosive and crease sharply during Novem- says the article. "This is a
dangerous" than last year. ber and December. Last year baffling degree of sensitivity
This year, he said, could bring (1967) shoplifters across -almpst two orders of mag·
an explosion that would make America stole over $2,000,000,- nitude better than our best
Detroit's massive riot of 1967 000 worth of goods, double the gas chromatographs."
32 AWAKE!
Getting to Know God
PAGE 3
MARCH 8. 1968
THE REASON FOR THIS MA"''lZINE
News sources that are able to keep you awake to the vital issues of our times must
be unfettered by censorship and selflsh interests. "Awake'" has no fetters. It recognizes
facts, faces facts, is free to publish facts. It is not bound by political ties; it is unham-
pered by traditional creeds. This magazine keeps itself free, that it may speak freely to
you. But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
The viewpoint of "Awoke!" is not narrow, but is internatio,~ar. "Awake'" has Its
own correspondents in scores of nations. Its articles are read in Inony lands, in many
languages, by millions of persons.
In every issue "Awake!" presents vital topics on which you slould be informed. It
features penetrating articles on social conditions and offers sound counsel for meeting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent passes in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the field, of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious issues alert you to matters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences and points of human interest are all embraced in its coverage. "Awakel" pro-
vides wholesome, instructive reading for every member of the family.
"Awakel" pledges itself to righteous principles, to exposing hi,dden foeS and subtle
dangers, 10 championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, retleding sure hope for the establish-
ment of God's righteous new order in this generation.
Get acquainted with "Awake!" Keep awake !ly reading "Awakel"
CONTENTS
Getting to Know God 3. Court Decision Deprives
Parents of Rights 21
Carnival Time in Colombia 8
Malnutrltion-Scourge of Marble-Stone of Many Uses 25
Developing Countries 12
"Your Word Is Truth"
Animals Predict Earthquakes 16
What God Requires of You 27
Relativity and the World
in Which We Live 17 Watching the World 2.
"It is already the hour for you to owake."
_RoMano 13:11
By "Awllkel" correipondent
, ," "'i ..
'j.. ,.........
MALNUTRITION -4~¥~~
WAS greeted with, The medical superinten-
"Good afternoon, dent took her position in the
Doctor," as I made consulting room, the nurse
my way with the medical presenting her with the case
superintendent of a mod- histories for the afternoon
ern clinic serving the Afri- patients. The African or-
can population of a copper- . derly stood by as inter-
mining community in one preter, and I took my place
of Africa's new developing to permit close scrutiny
countries. As I am no doc- of the symptoms of this
tor, the misnomer would scourge of developing coun-
have brought a smile, but tries.
the circumstances were too
sobering. This clinic is one of a group of Close-up View of Malnutrition
five surrounding a 300-bed hospital, which I viewed a little boy aged one year. As
comprises the medical services for some he sat listlessly on his mother's knee I
50,000 people, mine employees and their was told he was suffering from kwashior-
families. The sobering circumstance was kor, the main cause of which is a diet lack-
that I was visiting a malnutrition clinic. ing protein. I noted a swelling of the legs
12 AWAKE!
and feet. His hair was soft and light in stating that the incidence of protein-
color and easily pulled out. He was ob- calorie malnutrition is as high as 25 per.
viously underweight. Other evidences of cent, with 6 percent suffering from severe
kwashiorkor, I was told, are underdevel- kwashiorkor. In 1961, it was found that
oped muscles; skin dull and unhealthy 25 percent of nonwhite child patients
looking; eyes dull and lifeless; inclination in Pretoria, Johannesburg and Dur-
to listlessness and at times a swelling of ban, South Africa, suffered from kwashi-
the whole body. orkor due to lack of protein. The director-
For, this child a regular free issue of general of the United Nations Food and
dried skim milk was prescribed, with a Agricultural Organization, Dr. Binay Sen,
supplement of dried soup containing meat has estimated that 3,000,000 people die
extract and soya meal. Regular visits to every year from malnutrition. Although
the clinic will be necessary for some time. complete figures are difficult to obtain, it
The completeness of recovery cannot be is generally accepted that two-thirds of
fully assessed. the world's population are not getting
The next patient was a little girl of enough to eat.
eighteen months. She was recovering from A lot of work is being done in Zambia
nutritional marasmus, which is another and other developing lands to cope with
way-of naming starvation. Her diet had malnutrition. International organizations
been totally insufficient in quantity, lack- have provided much assistance. There
ing in both calories and proteins. In this have been great advances in land fertil-
case there was no swelling of the legs, her ization and use of insecticides, increasing
hair appeared normal and there seemed agricultural yields. Plant Pathologist J.
to me to be more interest in her eyes. George Harral', president of the Rocke-
But she was extremely small and under- feller FOW1dation, says: "We know enough
weight. She looked wizened. Her arms today to transfonn the food production
and legs felt ,very small, just wasted mus- of the world. There is no longer any ex-
cles under loose skin. The doctor explained cuse for human starvation." Yet there are
that it was very difficult to tell the differ- more people suffering from hunger than
ence between kwashiorkor and marasmus, ever before.
and it is often convenient to think of With so much being done to fight hW1-
them both as protein-calorie malnutrition. gel', why must millions of toddler-age.
As I took my leave of the medical su- children go to bed hungry every night?
perintendent an hour or so later, I had a In developing countries the problem is
deeper sense of this frightening scourge fOLmd among all income groups. A factor
of malnutrition. Only a day or so previous to account for malnutrition is man's ten-
I had read in a report that one-third of dency to be led astray by his own ideas,
the children who attend school in the customs and habits. There is a great need
province where such medical services are for education.
available suffer from malnutrition, and I
now reflected on the dimensions that this Traditional Feeding Habits
scourge must have reached in rural areas. Walking away from the malnutrition
In Zambia, Central Africa, 15 percent of clinic, I quietly meditated upon the dis-
the deaths in children are due to malnu- cussion I had with the nurse, who had
tritive conditions. Then there was the re- spent many years fighting the problem of
port I read about Uganda, East Africa, malnutrition. I could still hear her say
MARCH 8, 1968 13
with emphasis, "We are up against tradi~ bank,' as it were, killing only a few for
tional feeding habits." I was compelled to their own domestic needs. In Botswana,
agree with her that most people have however, poverty and hunger have over-
strong emotional feelings about their diet. come the traditional reluctance to sell
I recalled having read about the Buganda cattle. People have to sell their cattle to
people who live in part of Uganda. They buy maize, which they cannot grow in
use bananas as a staple food. Their babies sufficient quantities for the nation's needs.
are born Wlder the shelter of banana So once more -I groaned with the thought
trees; the baby's bottom is wiped with a of the scourge of malnutrition 'being fos-
banana leaf; food is cooked in a banana tered by entrenched tribal customs.
leaf; and everywhere you look there are I found it difficult to get the path~tic
bananas. Now, bananas are a very de- image of these little bloated bellies out of
lightful fruit, but they do not contain pro- my mind. The nurse at the clinic had
tein. spoken about this as partly the effect of
Some other African tribes have the tra- improper weaning. As soon as an infant
dition that the women should eat less begins to show any interest in food and
during pregnancy to limit the size of the stretches out its hand toward the food
baby. In parts of Africa other taboos re- or cries for it, the mother will invariably
late to food for women. Chicken, eggs and give it little bits of cooked maize porridge
certain meats are forbidden, which is most or relish, but will continue to suckle it for
Wlfortunate, as especially during pregnan- some time. No special food is cooked for
cy women need a good diet Thus some children, generally speaking. In the ab-
children get off to a bad start even before sence of proper weaning by the gradual
they are born due to traditional feeding reduction in milk, balanced with the grad-
habits. In one tribe women are not al- ual intake of adult food until weaning is
lowed to touch hot food while menstruat- complete and breast feeding ceases, one
ing; they may grind the flour, but not can imagine the effect upon the child's
cook the porridge, which must be detri- digestive organs. Due to gastric reactions
mental to the feeding of the yDWlger mem- the stomach becomes distended, and the
bers of the family. child may even rebel against sudden con-
If the great need is for protein in the trasts in diet and refuse to eat. Thus may
diet of these nations, I momentarily be laid the basis for the dire consequences
thought I had the answer to the problem of malnutrition.
with the idea of increasing their intake
of beef from the herds of cattle I had Family Way of Life
seen 8rDWld the COWltry. But, in Zambia, As I further reflected upon my discus-
at least, this would mean changing a way sions at the clinic I took another glance at
of life for many, and removing a social my notes and saw, 'tribal customs and
pattern that has existed for centuries. For family way of life.' An African custom is
in Zambia, Botswana and other develop- to feed the men and adolescent boys sepa-
ing COWltries cattle are a form of wealth, rately from the women and children; and
like money in the bank. Where a nation in the villages the men have their own
can grow all the maize required for their shelter, where they eat usually from in-
traditionally staple diet, there is no need dividual bowls, with the women and chil-
for the farmers to sell their cattle for dren eating in a separate shelter, invari-
slaughter; thus they keep them 'in the ably from conunWlal bowls. This custom
14 AWAKE!
is: often carried over into urban life, and balanced with the Bible principle of' pro-
the men working in industry must have viding for one's own household and lOVing
the greater portion of the food available. Qne's wife (and children) as himself.
Often due to lack of planning and little -1 Tim. 5:8.
or no budgeting the two-meal-a-day aver- Christian families will want to avoid any
age is reduced to One meal toward the impairment to a child's health through
end of the month, and under these pres- malnutrition for the additional reason that
sures the children usually suffer. one of the main therapeutic weapons used
This reflection reminded me of a re- by the medical profession against mal-
cent pronouncement by a government of- nutrition is blood transfusion, and this is
ficial in Zambia. He commented on re- out of line with God's Jaw.-Acts 15:28,
ports made to him that 32 percent of the 29.
younger schoolchildren in the industrial
areas suffer from malnutrition, saying, Prestige Rather than Food
"What good is it for the government to I glanced at my notes again. Next I had
spend vast sums on building more and written, 'prestige problem.' It was another
better schools if parents send their chil- way of saying 'keeping up with the Jones·
dren to school hungry and unable to learn es.' Newfound wealth in coutnries that
properly?" That poor diet may even limit have recently acquired independence is
the growth of a child's intelligence was too often diverted to enjoy some token of
suggested by a study made of school- the way of life of the industrialized na-
children in another province of Zambia. tions. The radio, television, motorcycles
Another view of this problem is known and even automobiles are greater cvi·
in large industrial townships as the 'ex- denees of one's newfound status than a
tended family system.' This develops when well-balanced family feeding program.
a male member jn a vUlage community Tobacco, alcoholic beverages ana other
leaves his horne to seek employment in so·called luxuries are almost easier to pur-
a mining town. He is allocated a house chase, and certainly require less thought-
with hvo or three bedrooms, according to ful planning than a balanced diet.
the size of his family and his advancement How beneficial it would be to such pea·
in the mining community. No sooner has pIe if they applied the Bible principles of
he entered into his new way of life than avoiding the love of money and the desire
news gets back to his village of his new- for prestige so widely promoted by this
found wealth. This releases a stream of materjalistic age and used more of tbejr
relatives who come to share it. The visi- newfound wealth in more healthful and
tors do not always find employment and practical ways!-l John 2:15_17.
thus the number of dependents in the fam-
ily is increased indefinitely. With more Food Habits Hard to Change
adults to feed, it is the YOWlger stomachs As I meditated upon these various prob-
that go empty. lems, I recalled the World Food Program's
In three mining townships in Zambia report entitled "An Experiment in Multi-
where empLoyees and their families total- lateral Food Aid." It stated: "In the early
ing some 52,000 persons are housed, there days of the Program's operations insuffi-
may be as many as 15,000 relatives living cient attention may have been paid to the
with these famIlies. Certainly hm;pitality difficulty of getting people to change food
is a commendable virtue, but it must' be habits, and in an effort to improve diets,
MAROH 8, 1968 15
food may have been included whif'h the has been undertaken by seventy donor
people concerned were much readier to countries to the World Food Program and
sell than to consume." carried to seventy-seven needy nations. In
The same report, discussing the dis- Zambia a project is under way to provide
tribution of food, further states: "Even milk to low-income groups at a subsidized
where an existing organization takes over rate to counteract malnutrition, and each
the task, as in the case of the Ministry of year vast quantities of dried skim milk,
Education with a feeding program in sec- dried soup with soya meal and meat ex-
ondary boarding schools ... the inclusion tract are given free at clinics. A steady
in the diet of somewhat unfamiliar but expansion of the poultry industry in this
desirable foods may require considerable country has also given emphasis to the
effort on the part of dietitians to make government policy to provide protein in
the food acceptable. And it is even more "an egg a day for every Zambian."
difficult to change the food habits of But food distribution alone is not the
adults." In Jamaica the dried fish distrib-
solution. Education is the great need.
uted by the World Food Program was
found to be unacceptable because of its There is need for teaching people how to
color. Another report records that "the eat and what to eat and how to plan a
question of the acceptability of W.F.P. balanced diet from the foods available to
commodities was successfully solved by them. Above all, there is need for incul-
breaking down custom or prejudice by cating of basic Bible principles that will
means of demonstrations by people in give people the moral strength to resist
whom the beneficiaries had c.onfidence." harmful traditions and customs. This will
Much is being done to help developing also aid them to exercise the self-control,
countries fight the scourge of malnutri- family love and Christian contentment
tion. Vast distribution of cereals, nuts, that are so essentia1 to winning the war
soybeans, dried milk, eggs, fish and meat against the scourge of malnutrition.
fore and make disciples of people of all you accept the offer of everlasting life
the nations."-Matt. 5:44; 6:33; 7:12; 24: through his beloved Son, Christ Jesus, and
42; 28:19. then slave for the Christ by heeding his
8 In respect to the question, Are you
commands and following his example.
keeping God's requirements? some per- (Acts 4:12) And, as in the first century,
sons may feel that they can say, as did God has provided an organization of his
the rich young ruler in Jesus' earthly ex- zealous worshipers 'in these days so that
perience, that they do not steal, or com- you may be helped to measure up to the
mit adultery, or murder, or defraud, or divine requirements. Jehovah's witnesses
bear false witness, or show disrespect for will be happy to 'aid you in your desire to
father and mother. (Mark 10:19, 20) But do what God requires of you.-Acts 9:31.
there are many who do not know God and
Christ and who, nevertheless, refrain from Can ycu answer these questions? For answers,
such bad practices. What about those oth- read the article above.
(1) Are there many different opinions about
er important requirements transmitted by what God requires of us? (2) According to
Jesus? Acts 1 0:~4, 35, what is needed for one to be
II Of such ones the questions might ap- acceptable to God? (3) In view of what is
propriately be asked: Do you practice lov- stated at Ecclesiastes 12:13, how do we dem-
ing your enemies? Do you put the inter- onstrate fear of God? (4) In line with Jesus'
words at John 17:3, what knowledge must we
ests of God's kingdom ahead of your own have before we can truly fear and obey God?
aims and ambitions in life? Do you truly (5) Since we are all born sinners, what change
practice the so-called "golden rule"? Do must lake place in our lives if we are to please
you refrain from hatreds and from de- God? (6) Who has God said is his spokesman
to all other creatures? (7J What commands
spising others because of race, color or did Jesus give relating to God's kingdom and
nationality? Can it be truthfully said that our conduct? (8) Why is it not enough for a
you are maintaining a watchful, prayer- Christian to refrain from the bad practices
ful attitude as respects the return of the mentioned at Mark 10:19, 20? (9) What
Lord Jesus Christ? Finally, are you obey- searching questions might be asked of one who
claims to be doing what God requires? (10) In
ing Christ's command to make disciples harmony with the apostle Paul's words at 1 Co-
by preaching and teaching the Bible's rinthians 7:23 and. Colossians 3:24, to whom
message to others?-Matt. 24:14. should we be slaves? (11) Once we have
10 There are strong reasons for heeding
accepted the gift of life through Christ Jesus,
what provision has God made to aid us, as in
God's requirements to listen to Christ Je- the first century?
28 AWAKE!
many fatal crashes shows that
more than half involved pe.
destrians or drivers who had
been drinking. In 44 percent
of fatal accidents the driver
was going too fast for the
road conditions. Every one of
Washington's 131 traffic deaths
in 1967 was caused by "human
error." Drivers between the
ages of 20 to 24 had the high·
est rate of involvement in
accidents.
Four H-Bombs Missing
• American bombers carry
nuclear weapons as a part of
their equipment. On January
21 off the coast of Greenland
Greece Persecutes Children to attend a church to which a B·52 U.S. bomber crashed
• Little children of Jehovah's neither they nor their parents on the ice. Greenland is a
witnesses in Greece are being belong. territory of Denmark, which
punished because of a circular forbids overflights of planes
released by the Ministry of Why Crime Increal!es carrying nuclear weapons. In
National Education on Decem· • Crime in the United States twelve previously announced
ber 18, 1967. The decree reo is up 88 percent in 7 years, accidents involving nuclear
quires the children to make rising nearly 9 times as fast bombs, eleven of them over
the sign of the cross and as the population. Assault, U.S. territory, there have been
attend the Orthodox church robbery, rape and murder are no explosions and no known
services if they want their causing an outcry from coast dangerous radiation. However,
education in the schools. The to coast for something to be people are apprehensive over
circular was directed specifical· done about stopping the crime such a possibility.
ly at Jehovah's witnesses, a wave. Why has the problem
"known religion" in Greece,
enjoying constitutional protec·
tion in that cradle of democ·
not been solved? Law·enforce·
ment officials in key cities
across America give these
*Ordain Homosexuals '/
Unheard of a decade ago,
ordaining homosexuals as
racy. (See Supreme Court At· reasons: (1) Too few trained ministers has become the cry
torney's Opinion No. 1/1947; policemen. (2) The public of some clergymen today. The
also Opinion No. 18/1948, treatment of policemen is such Toronto Daily Star, on Jan·
Opinion 14/1959 and others that it makes recrUiting good uary 20, said that a prominent
therein mentioned.) Because men difficult. (3) Crime·detect· U.s. Protestant churchman
of legal recognition, children ing equipment'is archaic. has called for the admisS'ion
of Jehovah's witnesses have New equipment is needed. (4) of avowed homosexuals to
for years been exempt from Court decisions hamper pOlice seminaries, and their ordina·
morning prayers, obligatory work. (5) Courts are too le- tion to the ministry. "The
church attendance and reli· nient toward the criminal. (6) church should cease whatever
gious lessons at school. By Racial agitation. (7) "Permis· discrimination exists against
issuing the circular the Minis- siveness" in dealing with homosexuals per se in admis·
try of National Education has youngsters in homes and sion to seminary, in ordination
arbitrarily ignored the legal abroad. No doubt, above and and in employment by nation·
position of Jehovah's witness· beyond these points there al or local church offices," said
es, consequently little chilo stands the moral breakdown. Dr. Lewis Maddocks, director
dren have been made to suffer. Too many people no longer of the councii for Christian
They have been dismissed love or fear God and they care social action of the United
from school because they have less about their neighbors. Church of Christ. Maddocks
refused to comply with their said that in the United States
teachers' demands that they Blame for Auto Accidents there are 15 to 17 million ho·
practice a religion not their • Studies reveal that the rna· mosexuals. Instead of teaching
own. Protests have been lodged jar causes for auto accidents them high Biblical standards
against this harsh decree, and resulting deaths are to be followed, Maddocks
which ignores basic human "human errors," not mechani. would set the homosexuals up
rights and obligates children cal laHure. An analysis of as examples before the con·
MARCH 8, 1968 29
gregatlon. What could be more on reports from 122 cities, the clergymen in their twentietl
twisted than that? pneumonia and influenza and thirties confessed they
death total rose from 1,054 to have thought seriously of leav-
Protestants Shout "Traitor!" 1,177 in the week ending Jan· ing the ministry. Much of the
.. The primate of the Church uary 20. disillusionment among church
of England, the Archbishop leaders is caused by the hypoc-
of Canterbury Michael Ram- Minon Can Buy Dope risy of their parishioners, said
sey, in the latter part of Jan- .. Police undercover agents the Los Angeles Herald·Exam-
uary, joined Roman Catholic said that it is easier for a 12- iner, January 24. And what
Cardinal Heenan at the West- or 14-year·old to buy marijua- about the attitude of the
minster Cathedral in prayer na in Portland, Oregon, than clergymen toward the Bible?
for church unity. Cardinal it is for him to buy beer. Rich- The surveyors concluded: "The
Heenan said it was a sign of ard Tate, a former patrol- Bible is not only not to be
the rapid advance in under- man, said he found no evi- taken literally-less than flve
standing between Christians dence of the "intellectual percent of the whole sample
in Britain that Arch bishop revolution" that is often asso- did so----but also there is little
Ramsey could come to the ciated with the "hippie" move- speciHc guidan'Ce in it for
Roman Catholic cathedral ment. "It's dope, plain and specific problems," Consistent
without arousing criticism in simple. That's all the move- with their downgrading of the
either of the two communions. ment amounts to,'" he said, Bible, about 20 percent of the
However, outside, demonstra· Tate also stated that the main ministers 35 years and under
tors shoutcd that Ramsey had center for pushing drugs in did not condemn extramarital
betrayed the Reformation, Portland is a church that oper·· sex. If these ministers are
Angry Protestants shouted atcs a coffeehouse for troubled disillusioned with their parish·
''Traitor!'' and "Blasphemy!" youngsters. He said the church ioners, they ought to examine
group meant well, but that what they are teaching them,
VIolence Here Too the narcotics are there.
.. A published Reuters report Campml ThIevery
from Port Louis, Mauritius, Fennent Among Adventists .. "Are you calling me a
January 26, stated that new .. TWe Los Angeles Times thief? All I did was take a
racial violence fiared in this stated, on January 17, that book!" So remarked one stu-
Idyllic Indian Ocean isle, liberal voices from within the dent who was caught recently
Arsonists set fire to houses Seventh-day Adventist Church stealing a book from the Uni-
and gangs attacked firemen, are asking that the church versity of Wisconsin stOJ'e,
The death toll for the week shed "its fUndamentalist char· Students who steal books and
was 21, "including a victim acter." R. E. Taylor, associat- other merchandise from stores
who was stoned to death for ed with Perspective, an un· that specialize in campus
taking the Muslim faith." authorized quarterly maga- needs usually have more than
zine, said he wants AdVentists enough money in their pock-
Nazi War Bill to join the e!:!umenical dialogue ets to pay for items stolen.
.. What price war? West with other religions. "We have Most students consider steal-
Germany will be payihg for to realiZe we don't have the ing books from stores a game
war damages by Nazi Ger- total truth," he said, Through rather than a crime. These
many until the year 2008, ac- articles in the magazine; said lIght·flngered youths are fast
cording to Finance Minister the Times editor, it has been becoming an enormous prob-
Franz Josef Strauss. On Jan- suggested that the church give lem, Both Harvard and Yale
uary 26 he said Bonn still had greater freedom to individual recently punished divinlty
at least $50,000,000,000 to pay congregations, reexamine its students for book thefts, and
out of a $150,000,000,000 debt objections to the theory of this past autumn the Univer-
to victims of occupation, racial evolution and de-emphasize sity of Colorado bookstore col-
and political persecution, traditional warnings on cards, lared a philosophy major at·
bombing anf' other war dam- lipstick, eye shadow, novels tempting to purloin a textbook
age, and movies. "We would like on ethics. Why do students
to see a redirection, to make steal? College students feel
Deaths from Flu the church relevant to modern that students are rebelling
.. The National Communica· against the Establishment
times," said Taylor. when they steal. "Everyone
ble Disease Center said, on
feels oppressed by authority
January 26, that during the Disillusioned Minlsten -the university administra-
third week of January deaths .. A survey of 3,000 Protes- tion, the draft boards and so
from pneumonia and influenza tant ministers throughout the on-and the 'Coop' is the dark
continued to increase through- t:nited States reveals they are side of authority," said one
out much of America, Based disturbed. Nearly half the report,
30 AWAKE!
Divorce u a BarometM the historic American system "Laogbfng Death..
• MedicaZ WorZd New8 for of plural government-local, .. Medical scientists seeking
January 19 commented on state and national-is in dan- a cure for the mysterious, in-
divorce and health. ''The con- ger. Threatened anarchy. the curable and fatal disease
tinuing rise in the divorce rate committee said, has brought lrnown as Kuru, or "Laughing
10 the U.S.," said the report, the federal system to the brink, Death," plan to feed genealog-
"may present a health prob- of its greatest crisis since the Ical information into a com·
lem as well as a social prob- Civil War. In a report, its putor in a bid to combat what
lem. A census study in Califor- authors stated that many has been described as one of
nia, where the divorce rate is American cities were, "seeth- the outstanding unsolved prob-
almost twice that in the na- ing" with racial and class lems of medicine. The disease
tion, indicated that divorced revolt and that many were is found only among the Fore
men and women of all ages near public bankruptcy. "The tribe of the New Guinea East·
died at a higher rate than manner of meeting these chal- ern Highlands, and claims the
their married or remarried lenges," the commission de- lives of from 20 to 1,000 Fore
counterparts. The figures indi- clared, "wlll largely determine people, mostly women, annual-
cate that the population's the fate of the American polit- ly. Doctors working among
health problems-general ill- ical system; it will determine the Fore people are collecting
ness, alcoholism, mental ill- if we can maintain a form of details of the ancestors of the
ness, and maternal health government marked by part· Kuru victims, and will feed
difficulties-are measurably nership and wholesome com- the information into the com·
affected by marital status, petition among national, state putor to discover whether
with divorce and separation and local levels, or if instead there is a genealogical link
-in the face of threatened wIth the disease. Kuru derives
as major factors of attrition." Its name from the appearance
anarchy-we must sacrlfl.ce of its victims, when the initial
Government Crisis political diversity as the price symptoms of . lost control of
• The Advisory Commission of the authoritative action re- face muscles and limbs gives
on Inter·governmental Rela- quired for the nation's surviv- the impression -of continual
tions said, on January 30, that al." laughing.
QUALIFIED TO BE MINISTERS
..... "'" uoo ....
WATCH TOWER THE RIDGEWAY LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me the 384-page hardbound book Qualified to Be Ministers. I am enclosing
4/3 (for Austrnlla. 5Oc; for South Africa. 35c).
Street and Number
Name .. or Route and Box
Post Postal
T~" District No. County
MAROH 8, 1968 31
DO YOU KNOW?
••• for sure?
Here's how
to find out
Identify the highest authority on the
1• subject. A doctor? a scientist? a lab
technician? No, they die too. Only
man's Creator. the living God, can an-
swer authoritatively.
Turn to his Written Record, the Holy
2 • Bible, which is "beneficial for teach-
ing." (2 Tim. 3:16) Best of all, read it
in tile modern-language New World
Translation of the Holy Scriptures
JonIy 8/6 [for Australia, $1; for South
Africa, 70c]).
Locate the Bible texts that answer the
3 • question in the booklet uThis Good
News of the Kingdom."
4 MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY!
,"'-"'-------.,--"--,,
CONTENTS
The Christian Message Changes People! 3 The Terraced Gardens of the Uugaos 24
Religion That Is Only "A Form
of Godly Devotion" 5 Exploring the Tidelands of
the North Sea 26
ListenIng to the Universe 9
Don't Let Them Steal Your Car! 12 "Your Word Is Truth"
The Precious Cereal Grain~ 16 ,Did Jesus Speak
AramaIc or Hebrew? 27
A Mlle and a Half to SprIngtime 17
A FamilY Makes a Move 21 Watching the World 29
"It is already the hour for you to awoke,"
~"ft.13.11
M~KESAMOVE
son why". we could not
live there also. Our de-
cision was to make the
move.
When we moved out of
our house we were glad
to sort out the accumu-
"BUT, Dad, I don't want to move to
another town. The fellows and I just
lation of worthless items and papers and
discard the things that really amounted
got started on a new project and I don't to a fire hazard. Letters of recommenda-
want to leave them behind," exclaimed tion from previous employers aided great-
twelve-year-old Johnny to his father. ly in my getting employment. Carolyn,
Sixteen-year-old Helen said: "Dad, we our daughter, was thrilled with the beau-
just can't move, I can't leave all my tiful scenery and the abundance of apples,
friends. What would I do?" Mother won- for which this location is known as the
ders if there is not some way to stay apple capital of the world. During the four
settled in the home to which she has be- and a half years in Wenatchee we made
come so accustomed; but then we had de- friends that will never be forgotten, but
cided to move. primarily we were able to help many
In the year 1951 we were living in Spo- learn about the good news of God's king-
kane, Washington, a city in the north- dom.
western United States. My wife and I had Then tne time came for another move
volunteered to spend 100 hours a month -this time to the one-time semidesert
to help friends and neighbors with vari- area of Moses Lake, Washington. Here,
ous questions on matters of belief and through a government project, thousands
family living through home Bible educa- of acres of arid semidesert land is made
tion. Our six-year-old daughter had just productive by using the backwaters of the
started school. Now it came to our at- Coulee Dam on the Columbia River some
tention that many families were desirous fifty miles to the north. People here, too,
of the services of Jehovah's witnesses in were in need of spiritual help.
the town of Wenatchee, Washington, some
160 miles to the west. As the family Many Blessings from a Move to Oregon
breadwinner, I naturally had questions After three years, once again the ques~
about our family's moving. First, would tion arose, Would we be willing to make
adequate employment be available? What another move, to assist a congregation
about oill' daughter's schooling and a place where there was a demand by local fami~
to live? lies desiring to learn more about the Bi-
MARCH 22, 1968 21
b1e? Where this time? To the beau~ul the-World Assembly of JehOVah's Wit-
Tualatin Valley, situated twenty miles nesses at Pasadena, California, we had
west of Portland, Oregon. Having had so waiting for us a letter to make a move
many pleasant experiences in past moves, to Oklahoma. I was to serve as a travel-
our family's answer was, Yes. Regretting ing representative of the Watch Tower
to leave friends behind, we were never~ Society. This would involve visiting a con-
theless eager to make new ones in Ore- gregation of -Jehovah's witnesses for one
gon. How impressed we were with the week and then moving to another nearby
beautiful valleys and mountains! Out congregation and staying there the follow-
our front window we could view the pic- ing week, until we made a complete circuit
turesque 1l,OOO-foot-high, snow-covered of nineteen congregations. The purpose of
Mount Hood. this visit was to give additional training
But what were the results of the main to persons in the congregation that were
objective of moving to this area, that of interested in aiding other families in home
helping families to gain a better under- Bible education. We could accept such an
standing of the Bible? The response was assignment as this now that our daughter
exceUent. In fact, in a short time the one had grown up and herself had entered
congregation in Forest Grove, Oregon, her career of Bible education. To make
had to be reorganized twice in order to a move such as this meant disposing of
care for the demand made upon the seL'- nearly twenty years' accumulation' and
vices of Jehovah's witnesses by the local trimming down to just the necessary
citizens. So today there are three con- things in order to be light enough to make
gregations serving the _vicinity instead of a move each week.
just one. What a pleasure it is to be in a On November 11, 1963, we found our-
work that gives such satisfaction and selves among some 600 WitnesseS that had
where one can see the fruitage of one's gathered in Christian assembly at Musko-
labors! gee, Oklahoma. For the ne.xt two and a
While living here, the local radio sta- half years we were to have the privilege
ti()n was so impressed with the Watch of making close friends of many of them.
Tower Society's script for the program
HThings People Are Thir$ing About" that A Thrilling Opportunity Opens Up
arrangements were made for this to be on . In December of 1965 we received the
the air three times each week. Additional- opportunity for the move of a lifetime-
ly, the local congregation was able to ar- to foreign missionary service. We had been
range three other fifteen-minute programs invited to attend the Watchtower Bible
based on articles from the Watchtower School of Gilead, located in bustling New
and A wake! magazines. Also, the manage- York city. Questions raced through our
ment offered a half hour Sunday morn- mind. Would our daughter be accepted?
ing, which was used to read the Bible If so, would she be assigned -to the same
from the modern English Bible, the New country? What couptry would we be as-
World Translation. . signed to? Thoughts filled our minds of
living in such places as Japan, Africa, In~
Special Privileges in Oklahoma dia or perhaps South America. The que&-
Now came a real challenge to our abili- tion of where our new home would be was
ty to adjust to new locations. In the fall answered a few weeks after our arrival
of 1963, after we attended the' Around- in New York, when the 42nd class of 106
22 AWAKEI
Gilead students received their foreign about. Nearby we can see a hannless
missionary assignmepts. How excited we brilliant·green lizard sWlning himself. A
were to learn that as a family 'we Wf!l'f'! few minutes away is the beautiful blue
being assigned to Venezuela, South Amer- CarIbbean Sea with inviting beaches the
ica! Bef6re we were to leave, we soon year round. In the background are tall
realized that in the next Six months we green mountains. We ,are certainly glad
would very carefully study the entire Bi- to have been able to make this move.
ble and also learn the fundamentals of Here we find that we have the same quali-
the ,Spanish language. ty of friends that we had back home. Also,
On October 24, 1966, our family and living with high standards of cleanliness
two other missionaries boarded a jet at and eating balanced meals, we find that
New York's Kennedy airport and landed the health hazards are no different here
the same day in Venezuela. We naturally from those in other parts of the world.
wondered what it would be like to live in a Recently, while I, was going along a
foreign country. What would the people be beach road, a group of about fifteen fisher~
like? With what problems regarding men had anchored their boats offshore
health would we be confronted? These and and were cooking an evening meal over
other questions were quickly answered an open campfire. Upon my passing them
shortly after we were greeted by the the first time all they did was look at'me
open arms of the missionaries that lived and stare, not one of them making a ges-
at the branch office of the Watch Tower ture of friendliness. But, when I waved to
Society located in the capital city of them they all responded. What a change!
VenezUela. Caracas, a city of one and a Approaching them, I found them to be
half million people, is locabid at the very from a neighboring state and that they
comfortable altitude of 3,000 feet and were eager to learn more about the Bible,
snuggled in a range 9f mountains that and some were acquainted with Jeho-
average some 7,000 feet in elevation. Here vah's witnesses from their home area. Af-
we learned that the temperature is 75_85° ter a brief visit and giving them a tract
Fahrenheit the year round, with cool explaining the time when God will make
pleasant nights. this planet a paradi~e, we parted. I waved
After a week of orientation we were on good-bye, and now the response' was vig-
our way to our new home. Puerto La orous. All had a big smile and all waved
Cruz, an oil-export town 250 miles to the in return as to a newfound friend.
east. Its climate is somewhat wanner, but Nearly everyone is ready to stop what-
this is alleviated by the trade winds of ever he is doing and enter into a discus-
the Caribbean, which makes living here sion. With this relaxed atmosphere one
very pleasant. Nights are pleasantly cool. can really enjoy spending time with fami-
We were glad to learn that tropical fruits lies and studying the Bible with them.
are always in season. There is an abun- There is a waiting list of families that
dance of tall gently swaying palm :trees want to study as soon as time can be ar-
along with the shorter broad-leaf banana ranged. As we look back now on our first
and papaya trees. Here and there are move we can see'more vividly than ever
poinsettia trees. As we walk in the back- how we have been richly blessed by our
yard of the missionary home we often being willing to make a move, to advance
see wild parakeets and canaries :flitting the interests of God's kingdom.
tlAROH ss; 1968 23
By "Awakel" corre!pondent in the Phitippines the hard~working, simple-living inhabi-
tants of the Mountain province."
HEN mention is made of engineers
W we offen think of blueprints, quad~
rants and much heavy equipment. We may
Dean Worcester, a former university
professor, speaks of the "natural ability
of the Ifugaos to handle stone, and mere
imagine the engineers to be in plastic hel~ boys have readily been taught to split
mets, in denim or' khaki uniforms. But boulders, cut' the sto~ thus obtained to
come and travel with us by helicopter. the required dimensions, face it, and uti-
We will pay a visit to a people who have lize it in the construction of dignified and
never seen a slide rule, but who have imposing public bUildings." This "natural
earned international respect as engineers. ability" the Ifugaos have put to a prac-
The Philippines is in the tropic zone, tical use in the construction of their
but it is cold up there where we are head- walled gardens high up in the Cordilleras.
ing, 100 kilometers (about 62 miles) nor~ Wait till the sun rises and the fog that
of Manila into the Cordillera mountam blankets the ranges disappears." Then
range of Luzon island. Unless one is a stretching northward, eastward, westward
native one will need thick clothing even as far as eye and binocular can reach you
at noontime, specially so in the wet season. will see the magnificent rice terraces of
Land transportation is via the Mountain the Ifugaos. The head grows dizzy at the
Trail, a narrow road of gravel and dust in sight of terrace upon terrace marching up,
the dry season, mud in the wet months, up, up! from the tiny valleys below to the
with quite a few hairpin turn~ and deep cloud~covered summits of mountain after
ravines. By this trail the hardy traveler mountain, some 400 square kilometers
reaches lfugao country after some seven (about 250 square miles) of elevated gar~
or eight hours of very careful driving dens protected by stone walls.
from Baguio City"
What we see here are probably the most
We come to communities Hving in low~ extensive man·made terraces anywhere on
roofed huts, clinging precariously to the earth, being added to year after year as
mountain slopes. The huts are built on the natives continue to subdue the moun~
square platforms of mountain stone ex~ tains and harness them for the production
pertly laid toge~er. This is> where a :ribe of food. Hungry children may think that
of Malay Origin, called the !fugao, hves. these terraces resemble stacks of huge
Of medium height, strong and well built, slices of bread ready for a morning meal.
with dark·brown skins and straight hair, Some "slices" are man~high, some taller
the Ifugaos are constructors of what one than a two~story building. A count on one
writer calls "that"wonder of man's handi~ mountain slope shows no fewer than fifty
work ... a vast area of stone~walled ter- terraces from base to summit. Some
races," which "stands as a monument to "slices" are short, some· are kilometers
24 AWAKE/
long. Bullt end to end, they would stretch then agaih in December and January. The
from here to London, over halfway around mountains become one vast sea bf nodding
the globe, a distance of roughly 14,000 golden rice plants. Harvesting is mostly
miles, estimate the experts. women's work, but it is the men who
bring home the cut stalks in rattan bas·
No Drought or Food Shortage kets slung over dark·brown shoulders or
At planting time they are immense strapped to back and forehead.
pools of water. There is no drought in No machinery or work animals are
these mountains. There are innumerable used, not even during the planting season.
springs and miniature waterfalls of Perhaps the lfugao senses danger from
crystal·clear water up there on the peaks, heavy machinery or animals heavier than
and the Ifugao has 'Collected much of that himself on these steep slopes. So careful
water in pools and channeled it via ditch· is he in this regard that there is no record
es, flumes and sluices to feed his growing of any terrace collapsing from the weight
crops of taro, beans, onions, cotton, yams of earth, water, rice and people on top.
and rice. But mostly rice. Without can· These garden walls stand up, not only UD-
sulting any agriculturist or technician and der irrigation water, but under floods
not depending on the rain, the !fugao saw caused by pounding rainstonns.
the need for sufficient irrigation and built Generation after generation of Ifugaos
his own vast irrigation system.' Not a drop constructed this gigantic tribal farm. Over
of water seems to be wasted. many centuries they erected walls of stone
Where other peoples have denuded and rock carried up from the valleys and
mountains and rendered them arid and plastered them with clay. Earth and mud
useless, the Ifugaos have mede theirs pew were brought up in similar fashion, on
rennially productive. There is no food baskets like those used today. At oth·
shortage up here. Because of the unique er sites the mountainsides were dug
irrigation it is
possible to' har·
vest two, some-
times even three,
crops a year. A
hectare (about
two and a half
acres) yields as
much as forty
cavans, or two
short tons, of un·
hulled 'rice per
season, not to
mention quanti-
ties of yams, Ie·
gumes and leafy
vegetables.
Rice harvest·
time comes in
June and July,
MARCH 22. 1968 25
with patience to build these gardens. face of the mowitain, confident in their
The !fugao is still at work on his be~ tooting. The homes and terraces of these
loved mountains, chiseling, carving, haul· tribal engineers are virtually inaccessible
ing, laying stone upon stone so' precisely, to other peoples, and this has no doubt
so carefully on slope after slope, like nu~ helped preserve these amazing gardens
merous brown marionettes against the down to thi!': Iil'lV
'*
Nauru-A New Republic
The ,tiny Pacific island of
Nauru, 400 miles northeast of
Guadalcanal and 1,300 miles
northeast of Australia, on Jan-
uary 31, hoisted a new fiag
Anglo-American Alterations New York picked a panel to and became the independent
0$> Back in the 1940's, Presi· mediate the dispute. The panel Republic of Nauru. The island
dent Franklin D~ Roosevelt of recommended a pay boost of has only 5,263 acres and a
America and Prime Minister $425 a year to end the walk· population of 3,100, which
Churchill of Britain forged an out of 10,000-' garbagemen. The makes it one of the world's
exclusive, worldwide Anglo· mayor of New York charged smallest independent coun·
American partnership that en· that the governor had capito tries. Monaco, the smallest
dured for some twenty·five ulated to the extortionists. In country, has 370 acres. Nauru
years. However, during the an editorial on February 9, the is comfortably wealthy be-
early part of February, the New York Times accused the cause of her phosphate de-
present Prime Minister of governor of 'surrendering to posit~.
Britain, Harold Wilson, had\ mob rule.'
talks with- U.S. President John. Ecumenism In Scotland
son that cha'nged that historic Cost of Running a Car ~ According to a news dis·
Anglb·American relationship. ~ Today's IlJQtorists in Amer· patch from Glasgow, Scotland,
No more could Britain be ica spend about $75,000,000,000 etIorts to conduct a united
counted on to police the world. on their cars yearly! Research· Roman Catholic-Protestant
She was withdrawing -her ers at the University of Michi· church service in that city late
armed forces from the Far gan state that only one car in January proved disappoint.
East and Mideast. Her posi· owner in four knows the actu· ing to the participating clergy.
tion in NATO is uncertain. In al upkeep involved in owning Loud cries of "Down with pop·
the face of the Britis:tt move a car. A private consulting ery!" repeatedly drowned out
the United States Immediately firm has ·found that it costs the proceedings. Similar ecu·
began upgrading her relation. the average motorist about menical attempts in Liverpool
ship with Japan and West $11,000 over a ·10·year period and London, England, had
Germany. America's most reo to operate his car. The figure been met with noisy demon·
liable ally-Great Britain- includes these expenses: $2,230 strations.
has become a partner facing a for gas; $1,415 for 'insurance;
questionable future. $1,763 for repairs and main· The Adaptable Flu Vtrus
tenance; $1,188 for parking ~ Despite the generous use of
"Ga.rbage Wa.r" and tolls. A $3,000 car depre· inoculations during the past
*' New York city was one ciates $850 in the first year and
mammoth garbage bin during another $600 in the second
several years, this year's flu
epidemic has spread into more
the early days of February, A year, or about half the origi· than thlrty·seven states and
sanitation workers' strike par. nal price in just two years. threatens to invade every state
alyzed garbage and trash col· in the United States, Those
lections. Garbage piled up at Riots Start Early with respiratory troubles ap.-
a rate of 10,000 tons a day. ~ The year 1968 was only pear to be in the greatest
Health officials declared a city. about one month old when danger from its ravages, as
wide emergency. Key issue riots in America broke out numerous deaths have borne
was the union's demand for a with bloodshed, A privately out. It appears that the flu
$600 wage increase a year. Gov· owned bowling alley in Or· virus has been able to adapt
ernor Nelson A. Rockefeller of angeburg, South Carolina,.re- itself to the presenCe of anti·
MARCH 22, 191:i8 29
gens in those Inoculatea. wnat now ,given more than 100 unlts one of the etrort toward upllft
complicates matters is that of blood, given In quarterly ot the human race put forth
there are several strains of Installments. by disobedient .angels of old
the fiu virus, and It Is usually There is something of a mis· who forsook,tbeJr proper place
Impossible to determine which nomer about calling all who and materialized as men. Re-
until it is already too late. part wIth some' of tkelr blood sult: a reign of immorality,
"donors." It sounds respect- violence and terror.
Expensive PetI able and readers may take for
+ There is no deftnite way of granted that blood is given Taste ot Materialism
knowing how many dogs there freely by healthy people who <8> Australia's economic boom
are in America, but some say are glad to serve fellow crea- just won't quit. Growth in 1968
26,000,000. In New York State tures without charge. But this may top 5 percent. One report-
1,199,242 dogs were licensed is not always the case. The er stated about improved liv-
in 1967. Even though these Sunday Post (Glasgow, Scot- ing conditions: "More than 95
anbnals are pampered and in' land) of January 7, 1968, for percent of all homes have a
dulged to a degree that chal· example, carried the story of refrigerator and a radio, 80
lenges the bnagination, not ev· a young man who was hitch- percent of the homes in metro·
eryone views Jhem as friends. hiking around the world, eking politan areas have TV. . . .
The! Department of Agricul· out his travel funds by receipts You see . . . more two and
ture and Markets revealed the for blood, his own' blood that three-car families. More char·
excessive damage caused by he had thus far sold in Spain tering of planes for private
dogs in only one section of the and Greece. travel. More and better restau-
state. It said dogs killed or rants. Wine drinking is catch-
injured 10,110 poultry animals, A Pig's Heart ing on." Crime is also catching
2,795 sheep, 355 cattle, 647 + Science New8 of January on. Cars stolen in Australia
pheasants, and a total of 1,373 27,1968, reports the suggestlon during the twelve-month pe-
swine, horses, rabbits and by Dr. Christiaan Barnard, riod ending last August aver-
goats in 1967. According to prominent South African heart aged one every twenty minutes
Prof. Richard T. Frost of Reed surgeon, that anbnal hearts thrqughout the year. This
College, "Americans spend might in the future be consid- meant that the value of vehi-
more than $3 billion a year on ered for transplant into hu- cles stolen in the year amount-
their dogs, cats and other mans. Though no present re- ed to about $50,000,000 and
house pets-more than they search is said to be under way, represented an mcrease of 130
do on the whole federal war it is pointed out that "the percent in car thefts in six
on poverty-$1.7 billion." pig is closer to the hUman years.
being than any other animal"
PrIests Form Union and that pigs' hearts may Clhlldren Going Blind
.. A sorry day it is when reo prove to be us~ul in trans- .. While men fight wars and
ligious men firio. it necessary plants. Meantime, there are waste earth's resources, each
to unionize to rid themselves demands for complete investi· year some 80,000 children in
of "racism," but such has be- gatIon of the moral, ethical the world under four years of
come the case. Negro priests, and religious factors involved age go blind, and hal,f of them
on February 9, organized a in transplant of organs, arti· die, because of lack of vitamin
Union of Black Clergymen and ficial production of Ute and A in their diet. Dr. Donald S.
Laymen of the Episcopal other features of scientific ex-
perimentation. McLaren, professor of clinIcal
Church. The main goal of the nutrition at the American Uni-
union was said to be to "re- A Man·ma.de New Order Versity of Beirut, who made
move racism in the church
and in the community by any
+ Sexless procreation, eutha- the startling declaration, said
nasia, compulsory birth con- that emergency injections of
meanll necessary to achieve trol, compulsory sterilization the vitamin would carry chil-
full participation on the basis of substandard people, use of dren t4I'ough tnc early years,
of equality in policy making, humans as guinea pigs in dan- when they are most suscep-
decision making, program and gerous surgical experiments tible to blindness and death
staffing on the parochial, di- are but a few of the items in trom infection.
ocesan and national levels." the program ot scientific plan-
ning for a man·made new Clhuuh "Lulls Its People
Trafrtcklng in Mood order, according to a writer in to Sleep"
.. A 53.year-<lld New Zealand· the Daily Ool.onist, Victorla, • A published Associated
er has the doubtful distinctlon B.C., a few weeks ago. All Press dispatch said that a
of holding the record in blood- this in the name of the better· Southern Baptist seminary
giving for his country. He has ment of mankind. This reminds professor, Findley B. Edge,
30 AWAKE!
told a gathering In LoUisville ed and brought to Ameri~ be IH8.de that they continue
that "our kind o! church is but it seems qU1t~ certain that operating the hoodlum empire
Inadequate for our ,kind o! the majority will have to stay because the man and woman
world today." After stating in a hostile environment and on the street want their ser-
that the Baptist Church is sufter for tl1e sins of their vices. A sad commentary on
increasingly irrelevant to the parents. the moral fiber of the present
basic Issues con!ronting mod- generation.
ern man, he said: "The church 18,000 Dead
mouths its pious phrases about . ' The automobile is a danger- The BoMue•• ot ThIevery
the revolutionary gospel, but ous weapon, killing some 53,- .. Late last year the Orange
in reality it simply lulls its 000 persons last year on United County Reporter (New York)
people to sleep, accepting the States highways. The cost in ofrered some revealing statis-
status quo." dollars of accidents was esti- tics and information on large-
mated at $11,000,000,000. The scale the.tt. Predicated,on
Fathel'leu ChIk1ren 1967 rate was 5,5 fatalities for previous experience, it was ex·
~ A news dispatch to the New every 1CMJ million vehicle miles. pected that during the Christ-
York Times dated February 6, mas season more than two
1968, discloses that South Ko- Why Mafia Still in Bnsiness billion dollars' worth of goods
rea has to cope with the prob- .. According to the National would be stolen by employees
lem of anywhere :from 3,000 Observer, of February 12, 1968, and shoplifters from stores and
to 15,000 illegitimate children almost aU the big fl:gures in warehouses throughout the
of American soldiers. Most the Mafia operate respectable United States. Stolen·goods
were fathered by whites, some businesses of one kind or rings, it was stated, even ol'l'er
20 percent by Negroes. It another, and at least two of to fill orders to suit the size,
appears t)1at, while children them have enrolled sons for color and style requirements
crt white lathers endure con- omcer·tralning in the United of the black-market customer.
siderable persecution by the States Army. Behind the scenes Most of those thieves have
native children, those of Negro they have powerful interests regular church affiliations, but
fathers are treated even worse. in gambling, dope.peddling and they have not been impressed
Efforts are being made to have the loan-shark 'business. And by the Bible's command: "Let
many of these children adopt- the sheepish admission has to the stealer steal no more."
""'...
Name _ or Route and Box _
Po",
T~. District No... ,~_ ..... , County .__
MARCH 22, 1968 31
~([)f!lm
m[8JNJ~~~...
Why should I? you may ask. It was good enough
for my parents, so why not for me?
Religious views and practices are being called into
question today more than at any other time. Re-
c;.uirements and restrictions held sacred for centu-
ries are being abandoned and priests and ministers
alike are forsaking their religions for various forms
of social or secular activity.
These radical trends are causing serious-minded
persons to look a little closer at the beliefs they have
more or less taken for granted. Many are asking
themselves: "If, as we have always been tOld, the
religion of our parents is good enough for us, then
why are so many changes being made in that
religion?"
How strong are your own religious convictions?
Can you uphold your own beliefs by turning to the
Bible for support? The apostle Peter said you
should be "always ready to make a defense before
everyone that demands of you a reMan for the hope
in you." (1 Pet. 3:15) Has your religion equipped
you to do that? The true religion is obligated to do
so. If yours hasn't, then you have compelling reason
to consider changing your religion. Build your faith
on the Bible itself. Read it regularly with The
Watchtower.
Read TilE WATCHTOWER One year, 8/6
(for Australia, $1; for South Africa, 70c)
32 AWAKE!
Why People Are Attracted to Jehovah's Witnesses
PAGE 5
APRIL 8, 1968
THE REASQN FOR THIS MAGAZINE
News sources that are able to keep you awake to the vital iuue. of our times musl
be unfettered by censorship and selfish interests. "Awakel" has no fetten. It recognizes
facts, faces fads, is free to publish facts. It ;s not bound by paJiJicol ties; it is unham~
pered by traditional creeds. This magazine keeps itself free. that it may speak freely to
you. But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
The Viewpoint of "Awakel" is not narrow, but is international. "Awakel" has its
own correspondents in scores of nations. Its articles are read in many lands, in many
languages, by millions of person~.
In every issue "Awake!" presents vital topics on which you should bo informed. It
features penetrating articles on sodal conditions and offers sound counsel for meeting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent passes in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the fields of government and commerce about wh1ch
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious issues alert you to matters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences and points of human interest are all embraced in its COverage. "Awakel" pro-
vides Wholesome, instructive rec:.ding for every member of the family.
"Awake!" pledges itself to righteous principles, to exposing hidden foes and subtle
dangers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the establish_
ment of God's righteous new order in thi$ generation.
Gel acquainted with "Awake!" Keep awake by reading "Awoke!"
CONTENTS
A Date to Check on Your Calendar 3 Do You Eat Too Much? 17
Why People Are Attracted to A Trip Through the Wilderness 21
Jehovah's Witnesses 5
From Whom Did We Get the Alphabet? 24
The MIracle of Spring 9
Power Dives for DInner 26
"According to TheIr Kinds" 12
"Your Word Is Truth"
Is God Dead? 12 Who Will Go to Heaven? 27
The Seas-a New Frontier 13 Watching the World 2ll
2
"It is already the hour for you to awoke."
-10l'Il'"'' 13:11
~e"o"a"'6 CUJitne66e6
4 AWAKE!
W'Nt ;s ;1_ thai causn
tlu" Plllm,,"s 10 grow
despite the"" often
being spojen aga"nst?
T IS baffling to many. Why should peo- were wann, brotherly communities. Chris-
I ple by the tens of thousands each year
be attracted to Jehovah's witnesses? Why
tians truly cared for one another. This
especially was a factor that drew many
do hWldreds of thousands of persons often individuals into association with the
attend their assemblies, with more than Christians.-John 13:35.
a quarter of a million once attending a Another attraction of early Christianity
convention in New York city? Why are was its emphasis on God's Word the Bible.
The Watchtower and Awake! among the Jesus Christ continually directed persons
most widely circulated of all journals, with to the Scriptures, prefacing his frequent
over 250 million individual copies being quotations from them with the words,
printed this past year and The Watch- "It is written." (Luke '24:44-46) His dis-
tower enjoying a distribution in over ciples, too, followed this example of giv-
seventy languages? How is it that an or- ing priority to the Bible, basing all their
ganization that is often spoken against beliefs and actions upon it. This appeal
attracts so many loyal supporters? to Scriptural authority attracted many
Interestingly, early Christianity also truth seekers.-2 Tim .. 3:16, 17; John 17:
met a great deal of opposition and yet 17.
attracted many faithful adherents. When A closely related reason why people
the Christian apostle Paul was being held were attracted to the early Christian or-
in custody by the authorities in Rome in ganization was its clear, lively preaching.
about 60 C.E., certain ones observed re- Not only did such preaching exist within
garding his religion: "For truly as re- the congregation, moving visitors at con-
gards this sect it is known to us that gregational meetings to say, "God is really
everywhere it is spoken against." (Acts among you," but it was carried on outside
28: 22) Nevertheless, the early Christian the congregation as well. (1 Cor. 14:24,
organization grew and expanded marvel- 25) The Bible record explains: "Every
ously despite its being spoken against, day in the temple and from house to house
even as the Christian organization of Je- they continued without letup teaching and
hovah's witnesses does today. Why? What declaring the good news about the Christ,
is the reason? Jesus." This energetic preaching by early
Christians drew many to the faith.-Acts
Attraction of Early Christianity 5:42: 6:7.
An important reason why people were
attracted to the early Christian organiza- Similar Attraction Today
tion was that genuine love existed among Are there similar reasons why people
its members. It was apparent that here today are attracted to Jehovah's witness-
APRIL 8, 1968 5
es? A parish bulletin of the St. Roch ize that there is a real enjoyment in being
Catholic Church in Paris, France, noted a member of the group. There is the joy
that there is. The bulletin gave the very of associating with those of a similar faith
reasons named above in answer to its in meeting and conference. Even the out-
question: "Why do people become Jeho- sider senses the pleasure the Witness ex-
vah's Witnesses?" The bulletin said: periences in learning of the world-wide
"These factors contribute-the discovery expansion of his faith ....
of warm and brotherly communities; the "You would have to search diligently to
discovery of the Bible; the discovery of find a group with better behaved children
lively preaching easily understood by all. or more idealistic young people. Penetrat-
If they had found these things here, they ing more deeply into their social values,
would not have looked elsewhere." I am struck with their genuine high re-
The American Catholic magazine Ave gard for the people of all races. Unlike
Maria, in its February 24, 1962, issue, also some who pay lip service to the doctrine
touched on these same reasons in discuss- of racial brotherhood, the Witnesses wel-
ing the attraction of Jehovah's witnesses. come all to their society--even to places
The Catholic writer observed: "They show of outstanding leadership--without refer-
an interest in serving their God, become ence to color or feature."
articulate and confident in their presen-
tations, display an amazing knowledge of Attracted by Love and Consideration
the Bible, and are willing to spend any The genuine love and consideration that
amount of time studying with an inter- the Bible said would be a distinguishing
ested householder. . . . mark of true Christians has indeed been
"In my visits to Kingdom Halls I have a factor in attracting many persons to Je-
been impressed by the genuine spirit of hovah's witnesses. Not Wlcommon is the
friendliness among the Witnesses. They comment of a man who attended a meet-
all know each other and their families. ing of Jehovah's witnesses for the first
They recognize a stranger and make him time last year. He said: "I have seen more
feel welcome. They know,which Witnesses fellowship here at your Kingdom Hall in
have been missing weekly meetings and one afternoon than I have seen in a whole
gently encourage them to keep up their year at the Presbyterian church." He went
attendance. These close social bonds home and informed his family that he
would be a strong reason for a Witness to was going to become one of Jehovah's
continue in the cult and to undertake the witnesses.
assigned missionary work." Even persons who have been extremely
Similar observations were also made in opposed have had their attitude changed
the religious publication Journal of Bible by the genuine spirit of friendliness dis-
and Religion, in its issue of April 1958. played by the Witnesses. For example, a
The writer G. Norman Eddy, after an in- woman in Uruguay was furious when her
tensive study of Jehovah's witnesses, not- husband became interested in studying the
ed: Bible with Jehovah's witnesses. One day
"You will see them a group radiating he left for a meeting while she was asleep.
optimism and enthusiasm, a body which When she awoke, she determined to go to
reveals a passionate inner conviction and the Kingdom Hall and create a big scene
an organization which reflects an almost to embarrass her husband and keep him
fanatical zeal.... You soon come to real- from ever going there again.
AWAKE!
However, when she got to the haIl. a The Bible, admittedly, was a closed book
friendly attendant helped her to find a to the theologian. He had little respect
seat near her husband. On seeing so many for it, nor did he look to it as a reliable
happy people with a friendly spirit, she authority, as do Jehovah's witnesses. On
was unable to go through with her plans. the other hand, as the young hospital at-
After the meeting, the Witnesses all tendant continued his Bible study he grew
crowded around to welcome her and to in understanding of it. The Bible opened
express how happy they were that she up to him and came to have real meaning,
had come. She was deeply impressed with and this is what motivated him to become
the sincere expressions of love, something one of Jehovah's witnesses.
she had never seen before. She began reg- Do you want to understand your Bible
ularly to attend the meetings with her better? Do you desire to have your faith
husband and they both were baptized as in it strengthened? If so, why not ask
Jehovah's witnesses. for a Bible study to be hela with you by
Are you desirous of discovering "warm Jehovah's witnesses?· Attend their meet-
and brotherly communities" where a ings. See if you, too, are not helped in this
"genuine spirit of friendliness" exists? Do way to "discover" your Bible, Having an
you want to associate with those who have accurate knowledge of its contents leads
a "genuine high regard for the people of to everlasting life.-JohO' 17:3,
all races"? If so, why not visit the local
Kingdom HiUI? See for yourself that true 'Understandable Preaching'
Christian love and consideration do exist A closely related reason why people are
among Jehovah's witnesses. attracted to Jehovah's witnesses was giv-
en by the St. Roch church bulletin as be-
"Discovery of the Bible" ing "the discovery of lively preaching
As noted earlier, Catholic sources ad- easily understood by all." Such easily
mit that Jehovah's witnesses "display an understood preaching can be heard in the
amazing knowledge of the Bible," and that congregational meetings of Jehovah's wit-
"discovery of the Bible" is a factor that nesses. However, home instruction, where
causes many persons to be attracted to Bible questions can be given personal at-
them. The Bible is a meaningful, open tention, is particularly valuable in impart-
book to Jehovah's witnesses, and this ap- ing an understanding of the Scriptures to
peals to truth seekers. truth seekers.
It appealed to an attendant in a Catho- This practical home Bible study ar-
lic hospital in France who started to study rangement can prove embarrassing to re-
I
the Bible with one of Jehovah's witnesses. ligious leaders, who themselves fail to
But it also disturbed him that what he provide it. For example, when a Protes-
was learning from the Bible was not in tant minister on a Pacific island warned
harmony with the teachings of the Catho- his parishioners not to study the Bible
lic church. He spoke to the theologian of with the Witnesses, one member of the
the hospital in an effort to clear up the congregation arose right in church and
discrepancies. But the theologian pointed asked:' "How can we grow up to be ma-
to three Bibles, and said: "Can you make ture if we don't study the Bible with Je-
anything out of that? I have my degree in hovah's witnesses? You don't come to our
philosophy and in theology and I under- homes and teach, while the Witnesses
stand nothing of that jumble." come and prove all their teachings from
APRIL 8, 1968 7
the Bible. You live just three houses away early Christian!;j met a great deal of op-
from me, yet you never came to my house position, so do Jehovah's witnesses. On
to teach me and my family the Bible, this a prominent constitutional lawyer
while the Witnesses live over ten miles notes: "Their aggressive missionary tac-
away from here and they visit~ me every tics are reminiscent of those employed by
week." the early Christians, and the reception
Despite the offer to be made a deacon accorded them by the nonbelievers is like-
in the church, this man eventually became wise reminiscent of that visited on the
one of Jehovah's witnesses. He was at- early Christians."-Church, State &; Free·
tracted by the zeal and concern of the dom by Leo Pfeffer, page 534.
Witnesses for his spiritual welfare. But Just last swnmer the religious maga·
what particularly appealed to him was the zine The Christian Century took note of
clear and understandable explanations of the persecution of Jehovah's witnesses' in
Bible teachings that he received. He soon Spain, and said: "They suffer from the
realized that here was the organization general humiliations heaped on all non-
patterned after the early Christian one. Roman Catholics in that country and in
Now he is receiving training so that he, addition are spurned by many Protes·
too, can share in imparting an uriderstand- tants . . . There is no outcry either
ing of the Scriptures to others.-Rom. by Roman Catholics or by Protestants
10:lG. against this perfidious mistreatment of
human beings."-July 19, 1967.
Other Features That Attract But even this persecution in Spain and
Because of their finn faith in the Bible, in other lands has attracted persons to
Jehovah's witnesses strongly insist upon Jehovah's witnesses, as, for example, in
following its high moral standards. This, Portugal, where one man wrote a Witness
too, is a factor that has attracted many presiding minister: "Those who foment
honest-hearted persons to the organiza- such persecution against Jehovah's wit-
tion. For instance, a man in Switzerland nesses only cause me to inquire more of
who accepted a subscription for The the reason. I compare your position with
Watchtower was so impressed by the mor- that of the persecution heaped upon Jesus
al principles encouraged by the magazine and his apostles. If it would not be too
that he wrote the Watch Tower Society much trouble, kindly answer this letter
in Brooklyn, New York: and send me any pamphlet you have for
"I have carefully examined the contents distribution. Also, if any of Jehovah's wit·
of this magazine and see that people can nesses live near me I would appreciate
be morally built up thereby and made into being able to contact them. From what
better people. It is my wish to learn more I have read, I believe this to be the true
of this truth so that I too may become a religion."
witness of Jehovah . . . . Please do not Will you, too, investigate? The parallels
forget me; help me, please. I shall be very between Jehovah's witnesses and early
grateful to you." Christianity are unquestionably striking.
Tens of thousands of such honest- You owe it to yourself and to your family
hearted persons each year are attracted to examine and see if Jehovah's witnesses
to Jehovah's witnesses because they can are not the true organization of God on
see that they adhere to the Bible and are earth today. Your life and that of your
like the early Christians. However, just as loved ones are involved.
8 AWAKE!
F YOU have seen one,
Itimes,
ten or a hundred spring-
stm that makes no
difference. Each one is new
and as fascinating as if you
had never seen one before.
For spring in the temper-
ate zones of the earth is a
time of marvelous change,
when sun and rain combine
to bring about that ever-
returning gift of God-the re-
awakening of the earth from its
deep winter sleep to vibrant life!
Springtime is many things to
different people. For the child,
spring is playtime. Voices of
shrieking children playing in pud-
dles of water fill the air. For the
housewife, spring is when the win-
dows are flung open and balmy breezes experience. There is wonderment in the
air the rooms; when mattresses straddle softness of the air, in the lengthening of
clotheslines and bed sheets flap in the the days, in the sounds of birds and the
fresh breezes. On the fann, spring is when fragrances of blossorntime.
baby lambs appear; when spaghetti-legged
calves and little pigs find their way into Season of Awakening
children's arms. To city folk, spring is Spring is not one glorious explosion of
when store windows exhibit pink clothes, life that comes on one particular day, but,
flowery hats and real daffodils; when boys rather, a season filled with many starts
and girls hurry to the parks to see the and stops. Sometimes it is an erratic af-
cherry blossoms; when the sky is bright fair, as snow flurries and cold, windy skies
follow warm days filled with hints of
and the air is warm again.
change. A faint sprinkling of green on a
To the weatherman, spring in the north- field may aDpear, even though snow still
ern hemisphere begins when the sun is lies across the ground in thin patches, like
directly above the equator of the earth, on pieces of paper blown about. The edges of
its journey north. The planet begins to ponds that one day are melting may be
tip its northern hemisphere toward the frozen tightly again the next. And some
sun. At this moment, on the equator, the mornings there are tiny caps of snow on
sun rises due east and the hours of the the gray pussy-willow catkins, and un-
night are exactly equal to those of the day. folding waxen pink buds of magnolia trees
This is the vernal equinox, which, in Lat- may have white snowy bonnets on them.
in, means the equal nights of spring. The sleep of winter is interrupted when
What delight us in spring are, not only the warmth from the sun and water from
the evidences of newborn Ufe, but the melted snow and rains permeate the fro-
new scents, sounds and sensations that we zen ground. In God's marvelous way the
APRIL 8, 1968 9
storehouses of life are unlocked. Trillions becomes soothing music to the farmer's
of earth's tiny creatures begin to stir. The ear. His companions are flocks of chirping
earthworms, grubs, ants, mice and moles blackbirds, crows and other flying crea-
begin to tunnel, chew, push and turn, thus tures that blissfully trail the plow in
aerating and loosening up the topsoil for search for worms and other delicacies.
the plunging, roots of plants. The rich aromas of a warm upturned fur-
Sleeping seeds awaken and start again row fill the plowman with renewed hope
the intricate process of sprouting and and freedom from winter's bondage to
growing. A special pattern of light and meet the challenge of what may have
darkness, warmth and dampness, goes to made him a farmer in the first place-the
work, opening those tiny vaults protect- Jove of seeing things grow.
ing the precious life in seeds. Hungry little
roots send their tips downward in search The Colors of Spring
for food. Botanists estimate that root Many early spring flowers are a deli-
hairs on a single mature grass plant, cate white, yellow or fragile pink and blue.
placed end to end, could extend for more The sturdy green skunk cabbage thrusts
than 6,000 miles! itself upward through streamside mud and
sometimes through ice and snow. The
The Voices of Spring leaves of the plant encase life-giving
In the thawing ponds the warm wa- warmth that sometimes is 27 degrees
ters reach into the dark depths. Frogs higher than the temperature of the air
push up from their winter mud homes; and is enough to melt snow as the plant
silvery fish slip silently through the rush- pushes toward the sun. In March, their
es at the water's edge and red-winged streaked, purplish hoods unfold to reveal
blackbirds fly past nearby pussy willows. tiny flowers that lure insects for pollina-
AU the woods becomes alive with the tion. After the flowers come the large,
sound of spring. foul-smelling leaves, which have given the
In the low places of the forests narrow plant its name.
rivulets create happy solinds. Choirs of But later, as spring further unfolds, the
frogs convene and shake the air with colors deepen and the land is bright with
nightly oratories. Aquatic insects come to scarlet tulips, deep purple hyacinths and
life and pirouette upon the silvery surface. bright-yellow daffodils and dandelions.
Overhead are clamorous ducks and geese Higher aboveground, the bushes burst in-
returning to the ilorthland. to flame, redbuds of the eastern woods
In the bird kingdom warm air brings paper-thin petals of tIle thorny Japanes~
about changes in feathers, voices and be- quince and yellow drops of jasmine and
havior. Like young boys whose voices forsythia.
crack and change, cardinals, thrushes and Many trees bloom in early spring before
other songbirds suddenly have a change their leaves appear. At first on the tips
of voice from the dry, cold cry of winter of tree limbs buds grow fat. Soon whole
to a sudden burst of rich melody. Many forests are engulfed with fragile flowers
male birds have soft sweet chirps to at- and red and yellow lea.ves. The red maple
tract the female species. Some will even is festooned with ruby blooms. From the
present gifts of berries or twigs or pebbles hazel and oaks, poplars and willows hang
to the object of their affection. tassels, those slender streamers of tiny
Down on the farm the tractor's snarl male flowers filled with pollen. On breezy
10 AWAKE!
days, clouds of this golden I<dustOl drift other gently wit;h sensitive trunks, some-
through the ail' to fert1Iize the more com- thnes twining them together as if ''holding
pact female flowers. Elm tree seeds are hands."
equipped with tiny wings and cover the In the realm of birds the male parades
ground with what looks like oatmeal fine feathers and swaggers about trying
flakes. The winged maple seeds gyrate to to make a favorable impression. Pheas-
earth like miniature helicopters. Some ants strut in colorful spring feathers and
seeds germinate immediately; others wait puff out their necks when the hen is near-
until another year. by. Cranes prance an awkward but ef-
The breath of spring awakens our sens- fective minuet of courtship_ Pigeons pur-
es and brings back old memories. A multi- sue females over busy city sidewalks,
tude of elusive fragrances flood the air. puffing their breasts and spreading their
Spring mixes the fir fragrances of moun- tails. Male and female albatrosses point
tain timber with the emerging scent of their bills to the sky and bray like don-
tender grass. It gathers in its soft breath keys, Water birds touch beaks, wag their
the bouquet of the earliest blossoms hid- heads from side to side, dive and present
den deep in the forests and blends it with billsful of waterweeds to each other. The
the tang of last year's sodden leaves. In male marsh hawk soars high in the sky
spring are the clean smells of fresh fields and then dives to earth turning somer-
and mown grass and the exciting scents saults. A male hummingbird flies in aerial
of blooming orchards. acrobatics higher and higher, then dives
to eaI'th, bl'ak'mg to a sudden ha1t a few
Mating Time inches from the female, who pretends that
For the many shy animals that inhabit she has not noticed him at all.
the woods, spring is a time of domestic By June the woods is alive with tiny
enterprise. Awakening in their under- new creatUres. Fawns struggle along on
ground dormitories, the hibernators come rubbery legs. Baby skunks curiously in~
forth lean, irritable, as if 'to complain vestigate fallen logs. Mother raccoons
about their empty_ bellies. The furry ani- bring their babies out of their hollow tree ~
mals discard their winter coats for light homes to play in the sunshine and to go
summer wear. Then the' forest rings with on hunting trips with her. In nests are
excitement, for this is mating time. Small hungry cries and wide~opened mouths.
squirrels race after each other through a And, too, there are bQy~ and 'E;irl'l s.bwl'~f
maze of tree branches, jerking their bushy meandering home from school in the
tails, chattering and beating their paws warm air. There are eloquent young men,
on the ground. Cats let out hair-raising like the young shepherd of Bible fame
cries. A male hedgehog circles around his who said: "Rise up, you girl companion
chosen female for bours, puffing and ex- of mine, my beautiful one, and come away.
tending his snout toward her before the For, look! ... Blossoms·themselves have'
two of them shuffle off together. Skunks appeared in the land, the very time of
have a courtship dance at dusk, bowing vine trimming has arrived, and the voice
and bobbing, hopping toward each other of the turtledove itself has been heard."
on stiff legs until their noses touch. The (Song of Sol. 2:10-14) The whole earth
male elks crash antlers together in re- at tbis time testifies to the truthfulness
sounding fights to win the females. Even of the Genesis account that what God
elephants court for weeks, beating each made was "very good."-Gen. 1:31.
APRIL 8, 1968 11
" to their Kinds"
• Scientists better understand today what phate and deoxyribose. The spare pa.rts come
it Is about heredity that permits living things from the food We eat, or they are manu·
to reproduce only "according to their kinds." factured in the body. They become attached
(Gen. 1:24) The World Book Encycwpedia to the two haU-Iadders. ___ In this way,
of 1966, Vol. 9, pp. 192-194, states: "Genes the ladder builds a new opposite haH, just
are the basic units of inheritance•..• The like the one that spIlt off from it. There
basic chemical of a gene is DNA. The letters are now two DNA ladders just like the one
DNA stand for deoxyribonucleic acid, one of before it split. Thus, DNA duplicates itself
the nudeic adds in the nucleus of eVery cell. eveIY time the chromosome divides. . • .
"The molecule of DNA is a thin thread "DNA can be thought of as the set of
with a diameter of only about one ten-mil- 'instructions' that a parent passes on to a
lianth of an inch. The thread is actually child. The InstrU<::tions are in the form of
double, and it resembles a tiny twisted rope a code determined. by the order of the bases
ladder. The twisted side pieces of the ladder along the DNA molecule."
are made of phosphate and a kind of sugar Thus, during the cell division that makes
called deoxyribose. The steps are made of growth and replacement of body tissues pos-
compounds called bases. There are four kinds sible, each gene of the original cell nucleus
of bases in DNA---adenine, thymine, cytosine, dupUcates. The possibilities for many varia-
and guanine.... tions are there, but they are always within
"The DNA ladder divides into halves every the basic "kinds" that God created in the
time the chromosome divides. Each step of beginning. This process of duplication makes
the ladder splits into its two bases. As a re- evolution impossible, for DNA does not allow
sult, there are two side pieces, each with for change outside its "kind." As Science
many half·steps. Inside the cell are a number Year of 1965, page 146, said: "Where one
of spare parts. Each of these spare parts DNA molecule existed before, tWo DNA mole-
consists of a halt-step and a section of a cules exist afterwarD. Earn o! the two,.. more-
side piece-that is, a base attached to phos- over, is exactly like the Original."
IS GOD DEAD?
In a school in Idaho all the students of a literature class were asked to write a
poem. A fifteen.year.old witness of Jehovah decided to form his poem around the
subject "Is God Dead '!" The poem was graded "100" by the teacher, who suggesteiJ
that he submit it to the school paper, Which, in turn, printed it as follows:
God is dead some have said, and And made them bright with blinding light,
this is their surmise, Do they think He could die?
But when I hear this senseless jeer
I wonder it they have eyes. Look around and lSee the life abound,
And bis creations on land and sea,
Have they not seen on a night serene And can you stUllSay tbis mere clay
The stars as they go by'! Could, by any means, outlast He?
And seen them shine as they keep time
tn their paths across the sky? Db, no, my friend, it would be the end
For us who are but mortals,
Do they think the One who created the sun If He who causes us to be
And placed the stars in the sky, Should pass through death's portals.
12 AWAKE!
N THIS age when rockets are probing out-
APRIL S, 1968 19
small portions of ice cream or are elimi- Then, again, many have solved the prob-
nated entirely. Said one of them regard- lem of overeating by the low carbohydrate
ing rich desserts: "I avoid them like the diet. In this diet one cuts out all sugar
plague!" as well as sweet wines, beer and liqueurs
The report further stated that these and limits carbohydrates to 55 grams a
men recognize that it day.· This also results
takes willpower; they in cutting out most rich
appreciate the impor- desserts, for one piece
tance of exercise; they of pwnpkin pie would
walk several flights of take up the daily allot-
stairs instead of taking ment of carbohydrates.
elevators or walk part Yes, much overnutri-
of the way to work, and tion can be blamed on
so forth. And what such desserts. If you
gives them the incentive to discipline must have desserts, why not have fruit?
themselves in these ways? The very Ifact Another aid to avoiding overeating is
that they are professional nutritionists. to keep meals simple. Eat unrefined rath-
They must be healthy as well as look er than refined foods; eat foods prepared
the part for their advice to be taken
simply, baked fish or potatoes, instead of
seriously!
fried. Have meals simple as to number
From the examples of these men it is of items. Also, use seasonings sparingly,
apparent that, while there are many ap-
as they tempt one to overeat.
proaches, both direct and indirect, to the
problem of guaraing against overeating, Of course, if you are prone to overeat
they all involve a measure of self-control. because of emotional problems, the thing
For example, simply making it a hard to do is to seek help in solving them. The
and fast rule never to take a second help- Bible gives much practical advice, and
ing of any food will go far to keep one ministers who preach and practice its
from overeating. And so will the rule principles' are always glad to help others
never to eat between meals, "~r to limit to apply them in their lives. "A heart that
it to· fresh fruits or such vegetables as is joyful does good as a curer, but a spirit
raw tomatoes and raw carrots. that is stricken makes the bones dry."
Then there is the theory of never mix- -Provo 17:22.
ing high starches and high proteins, such Yes, eating more than is necessary for
as bread with meat, at the same meal. good health is a very common failing, but
Regardless of the merits of this theory, it is a luxury that simply is not worth the
the facf reinains that it will help you not price it exacts in poorer health, shortened
to overeat, for if you take any such pro- years or in the deprivation of other plea-
teins as meat, eggs, fish or cheese, you sures. It pays to exercise self-control at
will do without such starches as bread, the table!
potatoes or spaghetti. This also eliminates
• A sUce ot bread Is saId to have 11 gramS or carbo·
most desserts. hydrates.
20 AWAKE!
A
BY "AWAKEI'~ CORRESPONDENT IN ISRAEL
ARLY in June, 1967, the eyes of the ray of color. It is just as though a table~
E world were anxiously focused on the
Middle East. Of particular concern was
land some 1,000 to 2,000 feet above sea
level had been shattered into a multitude
that .touchy border area where the of small pieces.
Egyptian-occupied Sinai desert blended But come along for a day's trip by mod~
with the rugged terrain of Israel's south- ern transport through one section of
land, the Negeb. In fact, it was from the this southland-the 150-mile stretch from
Negeb that Israeli armor poured across Beersheba to EBat on the Gulf of Aqaba.
the border in the morning hours of June 5, You will enjoy the ever-changing pan-
Perhaps you have wondered about the orama.
Negeb. What kind of country is it? Are
there roads? Do people live there? And it Real Desert
may be that your interest is heightened We are off south on the main road from
because of its ancient history. Possibly Beersheba, capital of the Negeb. And we
you have learned that the Negeh, meaning are actually in a desert here--sand dunes
"the South," was no vague directional ex- and rolling dry hills. The camels of the
pression back in Abraham's time, but, Bedouin traders either pad along under
rather, referred specifically to the south bulky loads or idly congregate at some
part of the land God promised to give water hole. Out there on th~ dry hillside
Abraham's descendants.-Gen. 12:9, Au~ those strange-looking black squares are
thori.zed and Revised Standard Versiom. the goat's~hair tents of Bedouin encamp-
The Negeb is mostly wilderness, to be ments. If we had time to stop we would
sure, but what does that convey to you? probably find very much the same cus-
Vast, empty stretches of desert sand, W1~ toms in vogue as those back in Abraham's
fit for agriculture? This is not exactly the day.
case. Some portions are desertlike, but At that time Abraham's household
others are cut by deep gorges the steep would be practically isolated in this arid,
walls of which present a remarkable ar~ uninhabited region, you might be inclined
APRIL 8, 1968 21
to conclude. But not so. Archaeologists fruits and vegetables are produced. Thus,
have unearthed evidence purporting to building upon the already-existing irriga-
show that in that remote age the district tion scheme of the pre-Abrahamic settlers,
was settled by farming population, people which was utilized in turn by the Naba-
who could offer some measure of hospi- taeans and Byzantines, the present in-
tality to travelers. It also appears that the habitants have crops thriving today. An-
inhabitants had developed an ingenious other feature of the region that is helpful
system of irrigation, designed to take ad- to growth is the exceedingly heavy fall
vantage of the heavy nm-off of rainwaters of dew common throughout the' summer
during the short rainy season. There were season. This provision enables plant life
terraced grainfields in the wadis and un- to survive the searing heat of the sum-
derground cisterns here and there. mer sun.
It is claimed that after a period of As we penetrate the Wilderness of Zin
settled habitation, from and after 2000 have you noted the change that has come
B.C.E., the region again became a wilder- in the scenery? Here the land is no longer
ness infested with marauding nomads. The saody and undulating, Rather, we encoun-
sudden change is even linked to the Bi- tJ;!r mountains and valleys and have to
ble record of that armed raid by Ched- ~kirt deep gorges. Some of the peaks are
orlaomer and his confederates described 3,000 feet high! Layers of hard, enduring
in Genesis, chapter 14. Writes Nelson rock sit like huge caps atop the softer
Glueck: "I found that every village in sandstone strata underneath, and the
their path had been plundered and left in weather has gouged the terrain intd wild-
ruins, and the countryside laid waste. The looking crags. And look at the array of
population had been wiped out or led away colors! At sunrise and sunset the sight
into captivity. For hundreds of years can be awe-inspiring.
thereafter the entire area was like an As we pause for a view, do you notice
abandoned cemetery."-Rivers in the Des- how utterly silent it is out here, far from
ert~ pages 68-74. the bustle of city and market? Here, too,
we can appreciate firsthand the refreshing
The Wilderness of Zin effects from "the shadow of a heavy crag
Our journey now has brought us to the in an exhausted land."-lsa. 32:2.
ruins of the Byzantine city of Abdat, once Now we are crossing a number of dry
inhabited by the Nabataeans. There on valleys, some of them deep enough to be
the right is an interesting sight in this termed canyons. These are the "torrent
desolate region-a small plantation of valleys," so frequently mentioned in the
various crops. Imagine that, in the Wilder- Bible. (Gen. 26:17; Num. 21:12) Not a
ness of Zin! An experimental fann had drop of water is to be seen in them right
been established here, a farm that sub- now, yet it is not difficult to imagine the
sists on natural water supplies, utilizing onrushing waters as the heavy rains swift-
the trapped rains of the winter season and ly drain off these rocky surroW1dings. As
distributing them skillfully. No extra wa- soon as the rains are over, the scene
ter supply has been brought from the changes and again we have dry wilderness.
outside. The largest torrent valley that we tra-
That the soil is fertile is quite evi- verse on this route is the Wadi Paran,
dent when we view the nearby settle- which cuts south through the Wilderness
ment of Sede-Boker, where all kinds of of Paran, familiar to us from its having
22 AWAKE!
been the site of Israelite encampments. promised that its recipients would "mine
(Nurn. 10:12; 12:16) Here, too, Ishmael copper."-Deut. 8:9.
made his home, far from populated areas, Since there is still enough daylight left,
and David and· his companions went into let us turn off the main road here and go
hiding here from the spies of King Saul. through the plant property, for there is a
--Gen. 21:21; 1 Sam. 25:1. trail leading to the so-called Pillars of
As we continue through the central Solomon. Ah, there they are! Right out
Negeb and note the utter desolation all in the open we come upon these fantastic
around, we are reminded that only by the craggy rocks that rise steeply from the
miraculous intervention of Jehovah. God plain. by which we have approached. Dark
could the host of some millions of Israel- reddish in color, they are deeply fissured
ites under Moses have survived the slow by the weather. It is almost as though
trek through here. Bread from heaven there were incipient canyons cutting deep
and water from the rocks were lovingly into these crags. How very like the red-
provided by the God who had identified dish gorge at the ancient site of Petra,
himself with the descendants of Abraham. over to the east of here in the hills of
Protection, too, he provided, for the camp Edam!
of Israel had to contend with the strike- Journey's end approaches as we gllmpse
and-run tactics of marauding Amalekites. the Red Sea in the distance, at least the
-Ex. 17:8-13; Num. 14:45. northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba. Does
this scene bring anything to mind? Yes,
The Last Lap-the Arabah it was here that the Israelites passed on
Soon 'now we are finished with the ups their way northward to the land prom-
and downs and twists and tW11S of the ised them. And from Solomon's ·reign we
road through the Negeb, for we are de- have heard about his fleet of ships "made
scending into the Arabah, the broad in Ezion.geber, which is by Eloth [mod-
valley that at this point forms the continu- ern Eilat], upon the shdre of the Red Sea
ation of the deep Rift Valley of the Jor- in the land of Edom."-l Ki. 9:26; Deut.
dan running southward from the Dead 2:8.
Sea. Facing us across the valley are the Lost for centuries, the site was found
mountains of Edam, reaching in places up when archaeologists followed the indica-
to 5,500 feet above sea level, and glow- tions of the Bible account. And sure
ing pink and red in the rays of the set- enough, there was the "tell" or ancient
ting sun. Now the road has leveled off city mound close to the Red Sea·shore. Ex-
and we should reach our destination be- cavations confirmed it as Solomon's na·
fore dark. val port. Pottery fragments dated the
Suddenly we come upon an industrial buildings as from the era of Solomon,
center, right out here in the middle of while there were also evidences of recon-
nowhere. What sort of p1ace is this? Why, structions during the reigns of Jehosha-
it is a copper-smelting plant! That reminds phat and Uzziah. (2 ehron. 20:36; 26:2)
us that the discovery by ~~.laeologists of No wonder Nelson Glueck saw fit to com-
ancient copper-mining activities in this ment on "the complete reliability of the
area suggested to modern Israel the idea Biblical statement" !-River8 in the DeB-
of again exploiting these resources of the ert~ page 159.
land about which Jehovah had originally Shall we find a motel now? We have
APRIL 8. 1968 23
covered in a few hours a distance that much remains to be done here in the Neg-
must have taken ancient travelers many eb that it staggers the mind. Is it not
weeks to traverse. We have been able to reassuring to know that when God's king-
observe the climate and topography with dom directs the transformation of the
which they had to contend. We have seen, whole earth into a paradise of peace, wa-
too, in this wilderness, beauty and maj- ters will flow here and the wilderness it-
esty. From the human viewpoint, so self will blossom like a garden?
'/1110 "'-
fll0"!tle GEt THE RlPHR8ET?
0,0 "ALPHABET" is
, the English
methods of dating used by archaeologists,
are inscriptions discovered at Serabit el-
name of the system of letters employed to Khadem on the Sinai Peninsula, believed
set down in writing the sounds used in to be from the nineteenth or eighteenth
speech. It is derived from the first two century B.C.E. The Ugaritic clay tablets
Greek letters, alpha and beta, which, in are assigned to the fifteenth and four-
turn, come from the Hebrew aleph and teenth centW'ies B.C.E. And inscriptions
beth. at Byblos in Phoenicia are considered as
There are many theories as to the ori- dating from about 1100 B.C.E.
gin of the alphabet. The Sumerian and The Phoenician letters are nearly iden-
Babylonian cuneiform, the Hittite hiero- tical with those of the early Hebrew al-
glyphs, and the Egyptian forms of writ- phabet, whereas those from Sinai have
ing have all been suggested as possible considerable variation. The earliest pre-
sources. However, as a prominent author- served Hebrew inscriptions include a frag-
ity, Dr. David Diringer, states in his book mentary inscription from Lachish as-
The Story of the Aleph Beth: "It is now cribed to the twelfth or eleventh century
generally agreed that all existing alpha- B.C.E. The so-called "Gezer Calendar" is
bets, and those no longer used, derived thought to be of the eleventh or tenth
from one original alphabet." On page 39 century B.C.E. The MoabHe Stone or stele
he quotes G. R. Driver as saying: "It was of King Mesha of Moab (2 Ki. 3:4) is
one, and only one, of the gifts of the said to be of about the ninth century
Semites to mankind," apd then states: "It B.C.E. The beautifully written Samarian
was this alphabet which became the an- ostraca, recorded in cursive style or run~
cestor of all alphabetic scripts the world ning hand, is ascribed to the reign of
has known." Jeroboam II (852~811 B.C.E.). And final-
With regard to archaeological discov- ly, the Siloam tunnel inscription is evi-
eries, among the earliest preserved exam- dently from the reign of King Hezekiah
ples of the alphabet, according to the (745-716 B.C.E.). It is not W1til about the
24 AWAKEI
third century B.C.E. that a wealth of ma- or perhaps an olive tree; teth, a serpent
terial of early Jewish scripts becomes or perhaps a basket, and so forth.
available. It is therefore interesting to note Dr.
On the basis of these discoveries the Diringer's statement where, after showing
tendency is to view the Phoenician and that the phonetic value of each Hebrew
Sinaitic alphabets as antedating the He- letter corresponds to the initial sound of
brew. This, of course, does not of neces- the name applied to it, he points out: "It
sity logically follow, and in the above- would be wrong to assume that [this]
mentioned publication Dr. Diringer asks necessarily indicates the use of pictorial
the question: "Is it possible that the an- representations of the objects whose
cient Hebrews who presented the World names the letters bore: in other words,
with the Bible and Monotheism, also gave there is no clear evidence that the sym-
it the Alphabet? The possibility certainly bols were or-iginally pictographic." Thus,
exists ..' ." The relative scarcity of an- in teaching someone the English alphabet
cient Hebrew inscriptions does not argue the teach~r might say that A stands for
against this, inasmuch as the Hebrews "apple," B stands for "boat," a stands for
were not given to the erection of monu- "cat," and by that merely mean that the
ments or the making of plaques memorial- sound value of the letter is represented
izing the feats of kings and heroes, as did by the initial letter of the following word,
other ancient peoples. The climate and not that the letter's form resembles in
soil of Palestine likewise are not such as any sense the shape or characteristics of
contribute to the preservation of papyrus the object identified by that word.
writings as is the case with the land of There is no sound basis for the theory
Egypt. that the alphabet is the result of a grad-
ual evolution through pictographic, ideo-
Not Originally Pictographic graphic, or syllabic writings. Although
The common theory is that the Hebrew the ancient Egyptians eventually used a
alphabet derived from pictographic writ- number of their phonetic signs to stand
ing. This theory seeks support in the fact for specific consonants, they never did
that the names for the Hebrew letters are isolate them as a distinct alphabet. And
often the same as or similar to the He- they continued to use their ideograms and
brew names of certain objects, aleph syllabic phonograms until the time of the
meaning "bull," beth meaning "house," Corumon Era. Thereafter they adopted
gimel being similar to the Hebrew gamal the Greek alphabet.
or "camel," and so forth. However, diffi-
culties arise in following this through with Source of Original Alphabet
all the letters, and the supposed similarity The only historical answer as to the
between the form of the letters and the source of the original script is the one
suggested, meaning of the name is often found in the Bible at Genesis 5:1, which
such as requires considerable imagination. says: "This is the book of Adam's his-
Thus, while some believe that the letter tory." For such "history" to have been
gimel originally represented a camel (or preserved through the Flood it would have
a camel's neck) others suggest that it had to be known and understood by Noah
originally pictured a "throw stick"; some, and his sons. The subsequent confusion
that daleth represented a door, others, of languages at Babel after 2239 B.C.E.
perhaps originally a fish; zayin, a weapon should not have included or originally af-
APRIL 8, 1968
fected the Shemites, descendants of Shem, variations of that basic alphabetic script.
who was blessed by Jehovah God. (Gen. These variations, with the passing of time,
9:26; 11:1-9) Shem (as well as Noah) eventually came to be almost unrecog-
was yet living at that time. (Gen. 9:28, nizable in their relation to other mem-
29; 11:10, 11) Hence the original writing bers of the same family (as well as to the
script of Adam could be preserved in the original script). He adds: "Thus, the
line of Shem, including his later descen- Brahmi script, the great mother-script of
dants Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, the fa- India, the Korean alphabet, the Mongolian
ther of the nation of Israel. scripts are derived from the same source
This is the Bible's answer, and, in reali- as the Greek, the Latin, the Runic, the
ty, the only historical one, to the question Hebrew, the Arabic, and the Russian
as to whether what became known as the alphabets, although it is practically im-
Hebrew alphabet was the original one and possible for a layman to see a real re-
as to its initial source. semblance between them."-The Story of
the Aleph Beth, page 39.
Source of the Modern Alphabet The Greek alphabet is derived from the
Following the exile of the Jews in Bab- Semitic alphabet and was apparently in-
ylon the Aramaic style of letters was troduced into Greece by the Phoenicians
adopted by them, and from this developed perhaps as late as the tenth century B.C.E.
the square style of letters characteristic The Greeks made a valuable addition to
of the modern Hebrew alphabet. Neverthe- it in that they took the surplus letters for
less, there is evidence indicating that the which they had no corresponding conso-
early Hebrew script continued to be used nants (aleph, he, heth, ayin, waws and
in post-exilic times. There is no history of yod) • and employed these as letters rep.
a pictographic writing independently de- resenting the vowel sounds a, e, e, 0, y, and
veloping into an alphabet. In addition to i. Of the two styles of Greek writing, the
the case of the Egyptian writing, other eaStern and the western, the latter be-
peoples, such as the Mayas, evidently em- came the source of the Latin alphabet
ployed pictographic writing for millenni- and, in turn, of the English alphabet.
ums with no evolution into an alphabet. The alphabet, like so many things about
The Chinese continue to employ this picto- man, underscores the truthfulness of the
graphic writing till this day. inspired statement: "r God] made out of
Referring to the one original alphabet, one man every nation of men, to dweIl
Dr. Diringer shows that other peoples or upon the entire surface of the earth."
civilizations .later developed their own -Acts 17:26.
f Who, then, will go to heaven, if such gives many other promises, including this
champions of true worship have no ex- one: "The upright are the ones that will
APRIL 8, 1968 27
reside in the earth, and the blameless are ones chosen according to the foreknowl-
the ones that will be left over in it. As edge of God the Father," and to them he
regards the wicked, they will be cut off gives the encouragement: "God . . . ac-
from the very earth; and as for the cording to~ his great mercy •.. gave us
treacherous, they will be torn away from a new birth to a living hope through the
it." (Prov. 2:21, 22) Earth will become resurrection of Jesus Christ from the
a glorious place of habitation for obedient dead, to an incorruptible and undefiled and
ones of all nations, tribes and tongues. unfading inheritance. It is reserved in the
ij That grand result will be due to the heavens for you."-l Pet. 1:1-4.
fact that God's kingdom in heaven, with 12 Thus, not every follower of Christ
Christ as king and his brothers as "kings will aUain to heaven. Comparatively
with him," will have crushed and put an speaking, only a small number of humans
end to all the wicked rulerships of earth will be raised from death as spirit crea-
that are under Satanic control. (Rev. 20: tures, inheriting immortality, deathless-
6; Dan. 2:44; 1 John 5:19) God will fully ness, and with the great reward of seeing
answer that prayer of righteously inclined Jehovah God "just as he is." (1 John 3:2)
men and women: "Our Father in the What a privilege for those with the earth-
heavens, let your name be sanctified. Let ly hope of everlasting life to serve in the
your kingdom come. Let your will take Kingdom work on earth today alongside
place, as in heaven, also upon earth." the small remaining number of those cho-
-Matt. 6: 9, 10. sen to be "heirs of the kingdom" of the
B So now you can understand why many
heavens!-Jas. 2:5.
Christians do not have a heavenly hope.
They were not called to such a destiny. Can you answer' these questions? For answers,
They anticipate, as the reward of their read the article above.
faithfulness, life in a paradise here on (1) What is the common idea as to the future
of good persons at death? (2) According ta
earth. Here, too, they look forward to a Matthew 11: 11, how does John the Baptist
grand reunion with many of their 'loved stand in relation to those who gain the "king-
ones who have died.-John 5:28; 11:43, dom of the heavens"? (3) Who are some of
44. the notables who are no greater than John the
Baptist, and are they in heaven? (4) How
10 On the other hand, the 144,000 from
many' from among humans will go to heaven,
among mankind, and they alone, can say according to Revelation 14,1-4? (5) What
as did'the apostle Peter: "He [God] has hope is held out to supporters of Christ and
freely given us the precious and very his spiritual brothers? (6) How does Psalm
grand promises, that through these you 37:11 show that there is an earthly hope for a
great multitude of humans? (7) What added
may become sharers in divine nature ... assurance of this hope is found at Proverbs
For this reason, brothers, all the more do 2:21, 22? (8) What must first happen to the
your utmost to make the calling and kingdoms of the earth before such blessings
choosing of you sure for yourselves." can come to arl the meek ones of the earth?
(2 Pet. 1:4, 10) It is for such that Jesus (9) Why, then, do many Christians entertain
an earthly rather than a heavenly hope, and
makes preparation in heaven, just as he what blessings do they anticipate? (10) What
promised he would: "I am going my way statement by the apostle Peter shows that the
to prepare a place for you ... that where 144,000 from among men have a higher
1 am you also may be."-John 14:2, 3. destiny? (II) What further words by Petl"r
indicate the reward awaiting this limited num-
11 This class with the heavenly hope are
ber of Jesus' followers? (12) What fine privi-
described by the apostle Peter as "the lege do those with the earthly hope now have?
28 AWAKE!
in his church, he merely stat
ed: 'The sermon is my thing_
Today's harassment is their
thing."
$1,000 to Wed
... Every Greek working-
woman who marries after
April 1 will receive a $1,000
dowry from the Greek govern-
ment. It is hoped that this will
stimUlate marriages and a
popUlation explosion in Greece,
where the population has been
decreasing steadily. One rea-.
son for the decrease is be-
lieved to be the financial sta-
tus of the male. Many men
simply cannot afford to get
'*
PubUc indignation
Reaction to Malawi's cruel
and bestial persecution of Je-
and inhuman attacks are re-
pugnant to decent humanity
and have become a blotch
married, unless the woman
has an attractive dowry. This
has resulted in a high number
hovah's witnesses has been against the name of Malawi of illegitimate births. megal
one of shock throughout the and of Africa. abortionists thrive and there
world_ That such inhuman is a high rate oi infanticide.
In an effort to reverse the
atrocities should be taking
place in this twentieth century
left people aghast and brought
'*
Biggest Hovercnlft
The 165·ton Mountbatten-
class hovercraft had a success-
present trend, the Greek gov-
ernment is offering the attrac-
shame to Africa. Press reac· ful launching at the Isle of tive $1,000 dowry. Included in
tion was immediate and world Wight in the early part of the offer are vacations for
wide. The Manchester (N. H.) February. The first sea trials workingmen and working-
Union Leader carried a full were made in heavy winds and women, free baby-sitters and
report of Malawi's religious six-foot waves. The sight of free tickets to museum.s and
persecution. The Washington the huge craft-130 feet long theaters.
Post, the Chicago Daily News, and nearly 50 feet high-
the New York Post, the Hous-
ton Chronicle, The Telegram
of Toronto, The Idaho Daily
speeding across choppy seas
at some 60 knots gave viewers
a thrill. In August it is sched-
*Earthquakes and Disease
True to Bible prophecy, the
earth is experiencing a rash
Statesman, the London Daily uled to start on regular ser- of earthquakes and pestilence.
Telegraph, the Philadelphia vice across the English Chan- (Luke 21:11) A powerful
Inquirer and a large number nel between Dover and Bou- earthquake ripped' across the
of other papers from coast to logne. The craft can carry 254 Aegean Sea early February
coast in America and in many passengers and 30 cars. 20. A fishermen's islet of 179
other cities of the world have people was badly hit. A rescue
team reported that all of the
featured stories of Malawi's
Nazi-type persecution against
Jehovah's witnesses. Resolu·
'*
Hippies In Chu.reh
Many clergymen have ca-
tered to the hippies and their
175 houses on the islet were
destroyed. Nineteen people
tions at Christian assemblies conga drums. At Glide Meth- were killed and eighteen were
have been adopted by thou- odist Memorial Church in injured. The quake registered
sands in attendance condemn- downtown San Francisco, hip· 7.1 on the to·degree Richter
ing Malawi's inhumanity. pies beat their conga drums scale.
Entire congregations have as- and shoutee. four-letter obscen- In Karachi, Pakistan, five
sembled to write protest let- ities during the Sunday wor- hundred people died of small-
ters. One congregation wrote ship service. They were pro- pox in the space 0 f four
1,023 letters, another 900, yet testing what they called the months. The disease reached
another 600. Also, truckloads "hypocrisy of the church." epidemic proportions, with
of clothing and food, as well They said they want all more than 100,000 people af-
as funds, have been sent to churches open 24 hours a day fected.
those in Malawi who have had for meditation, music, dancing
all their property destroyed by and eating. However, when the
mercIless persecutors. The reo
sponse shows that such brutal
minister was asked for com-
ment regarding what went on
'*
Teen~Age 'KUlet's
A published United Press
International dispatch stated
APRIL 8, 1968 29
that investigators were look- Crime CommiSSion, in Febru· by the executive commission of
ing into reports that teen-age ary_ The national crime rate the 32-nation Supreme Councll
gangs were hiring youths as has doubled in the last 25 for sports in Africa. They are
young as 13 years old to com- years_ A recent Federal Bu- protesting South AfrIca's re-
mit murder in the Chicago reau of Investigation report admission to the Olympics.
area. State's Attorney John said that crime is going up The decision threatened to dis·
Stamos said that six gang nearly nine times as fast as rupt the Olympics, to be held
killings were being investigat- population growth. Creamer in October. The Soviet Union
ed. More than one of the sus- stated that the nation needed also threatened to join the
pects in the slaying has said a "realistic" formula to pre- boycott. Avery Brundage, pres-
hz was paid to murder. "Boys vent crime. This, he said, ident of the International
13, 14 and 15 years old are would be "swift detection, im- Olympic Committee, said the
involved," Stamos said. "One mediate apprehension and Olympics would take place nd
was paid $6 and a sandwich prompt prosecution and def- matter how many nations
to murder a man-a la-year- inite and certain punishment." withdraw their teams. When
old in this case. One was paid As things are now, he declared, hearing of the African Council
$61. The boys were paid to the nation is locked "on a col· vote, Brundage remarked:
commit murder." It appeared lision course with disaster." "We're not involved in poli·
that older gang leaders had According to the latest Gallup tics."
adopted the policy of assign- Poll, crime and lawlessness
ing killings to junior members are view.ed by the public as Teeth Grinders
because their chances of se- the top domestic problem + More than one in 20 adults
vere punishment if caught facing the nation for the first and three in 20 children grind
were less. That a man's life time since the beginning of their teeth during sleep. Re-
is rated as worth no more scientific polling in the mid- searchers state that night
than $6 and a sandwich in this thirties. Crime and lawlessness grinding wears down the teeth,
era of lawlessness is a frIght- were mentioned nearly twice loosens fillings or caps, and
ful indictment of the times in as often as any other local causes a loss of bone support-
which we live. problem. ing the teeth. The studIes show
that grinders grind their teeth
"Not a Disease" How l\luch Is $186 Billion '1 about a minute on an average
• Dr_ R. E. Reinert, chief of ~ According to President for each hour of sleep. The
staf'l' of th'e Veteran's Adminis- Johnson, America's fiscal 1969 commonly held notion that the
tration Hospital in Topeka, budget is $186,000,000,000. This phenomenon is a symptom ot
Kansas, said alcoholism should budget he described as not emotional disturbance has
be viewed as "a habit, not a only "tight," but "austere," been discounted. Tests showed
disease." Dr. Reinert believes the least possible amount the no psychiatric and psychologi-
alcoholism and cigarette smok- government can get by on. cal differences between grind-
ing have many slmnarities. How much is an austere $186 ers and nongrinders. The cause
For those who want to stop, billion? A one-foot-high stack for night grinding is still
the same all-or-nothing-at-all of fresh dollar bills would be being sought.
treatment must prevail for worth $2,796; a mile-high stack
both smoker and compulsive would be worth $14,762,880, In Low BLrthrate
drinker_ "Cutting down is no $1 bills; the budget, $186 bil- + There were 3.5 million
good. Abstinence is required," lion, would make a stack al- babies born in the United
Reinert stressed. most 13,000 miles high, or States last year, a drop of 19
nearly one-twentieth of the percent from 1961, when births
70,000 Abortions reached a peak of 4.3 million.
• A published Associated distance to the moon! If you It is believed that in the near
Press report from Prague, were to spend $1,000 per sec- future further drops may be
dated February 17, stated that ond, it would take you nearly expected in both the number
dlAring the first nine months six years to spend the U.S. of babies born and the rate
of 1967 more than 70,000 wom- budget. Since the government at which they are born. A
en in Czechoslovakia request- spends the $186 billion in just drastic change in the child-
ed abortions. a single year, it spends the bearing patterns of the modern
money at the rate of nearly American woman is being
"Unsafest Nation" $6,000 per. second. blamed for the drop. Today's
• "The richest nation in the woman has her babies earlier
world is rapidly decaying into Boycott of Olympics in marriage and also stops
the urAJafest nation at home," • A boycott of this year's having children later in life_
said J. Shane Creamer, chair- Olympic Games in Mexico City Instead of four, five or six
man of the Pennsylvania was approved on February 26 children, there are two or
30 AWAKE!
three children to each .Ameri. supplIes of one diet pm were tation of the things coming
can family, statistically speak· seized In Texas by government upon the Inhabited earth."
ing. agents recently on the ground
*'
Too Many PIUs
Both doctors and pill manu·
that the users were experienc-
ing sleeplessness, nervousness
and symptoms of keart fail·
*'
Unsafe for Preslt!ent
President Johnson reported·
ly will not ride through the
facturers are under fire today ure, according to a UP! dis· streets to the Democratic Na·
because of the greatly in· patch. tional Convention next sum·
creased use of prescription mer, as United States presl·
pills-pills to combat obesity,
anti·pregnancy pills and so on.
Often, it is charged, the pills
*'
Disturbing Sigos
According to Nature maga·
zine of last November, a Brit·
dents have safely done through
most of the haUon's history.
America Is just not a safe place.
are prescribed without even ish member of parliament anymore. Instead, a helicopter
the most superficial examina· criticized his government for will land the president on the
tion of the patients. And, while failure to make thorough in· roof of the convention hall,
the peddling of pills is most vestigation of the expected and, to confuse possible sni·
lucrative to doctors and drug path of the asteroid Icarus, pers, five helicopters will be
companies, there are grave which Is expected to pass close used, with the one carrying the
dangers for the users of the to our planet in June of this president indistinguishable
pills. For example, it Is year-within four million from the others. The Orego-
claimed that use of jlome anti· miles, that is. The fear is ex· nian, February 14, stated that
pregnancy pills may produce pressed that there could be "when the president of the
hazardous blood clots and errors in the computations of United States has to be
the astronomers, and that a sneaked into a city to partici·
even strokes. Some obesity colllsion could be disastrous pate in a democratic process,
pills, it Is charged, contain to the earth. The Bible, at and when a posse of citizens
chemicals that are hablt·form· Luke 21:25, 26, foretold accu· must be organized to try to
ing and, In some circumstanc- rately that men would become keep the peace, the country
es, positively poisonous. Vast "faint out of fear and expec· is in a sad situation."
APRIL 8, 1968 31
Do You
REALLY
KNOW?
Think carefully before yoU quickly answer, Yes. How can
you be sure? God's own written Word counsels: "Trust in
Jehovah with all your heart and do not lean upon your own
understanding." (Prov. 3:5) Reasonably, then, Jehovah God
has provided the means to know what he requires and this
he has done through his own Word, the Bible. "All Scripture
is inspired of God and beneficial for teaching, for reproving,
for setting things straight, for disciplining in righteousness,
that the man of God may be fully competent, ~completely
equipped for every good work." (2 Tim. 3:16, 17) Learn
more about the Holy Bible and what makes it so beneficial.
Read
32 AWAKE!
The
~ATHOLI~
eHUR~H
in the
·ODERN
WORLD
APRIL 22, 1968
THE REASON FOR THIS MAGAZINE
News sources that are able to keep you awake to the vital issues of our times must
be unfettered by censorship and s~Hlsh interests. "Awakel" has no fetters. It recognizes
facts, faces facts, is free to publish facts. It is not bound by political ties; it is unham-
pered by traditional creeds. This magazine keeps itself free, that it may speak freely to
you. But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
The vieWpoint of "Awoke'" is not narrow, but is international. "Awakel" has its
own correspondents in scores of nations. Its articles are read in many lands, in many
languages, by millions of persons.
In every issue "Awake!" presents vital topics on which you should be informed. It
features penetrating articles on social conditions and offers sound counsel for meeting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent passes in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the fields of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious issues alert you to matters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences and points of human interest are all embraced in its coverage. "Awake'" pro-
vides wholesome, instructive reading for every member of the family.
"Awake!" pledges itself to righteous principles, to exposing hidden foes and subtle
dangers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the establish_
ment of God's righteous new order in this generation.
Get acquainted with "Awake!" Keep awake by reading "Awake'"
.,,- . ---.-...
P'uoUBlUD SIIolULTANZ<lUIIILY!N THBI UNITIm STATB18 BY TIIIIl
WATCHTOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY OF NEW YORK, INC.
117 Adams Street Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201. U.S.A.
AND IN ENm.AND
WATCH TOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY
Watclt Tower House. The RidgeWay London N.W. 7. England
N. H. KNORII. Pre8iatmt GR4NT SUITJ:R. l3er;retar1l
CONTENTS
Pope Panl VI Sees ChUrch in Crisis 3 The Effects of AnticIericalism 24
Catholic Clergymen Speak Out 4
What Does It An Mean? 25
How the Crisis Is Affecting the Church 8
Cathollcs Disturbed by Clergy Practices 12 Finding the Truth That Builds
Faith and Hope 28
What Catholicism InCludes 16
Why the Anticlericalism World Wide? 19 Watching the World 30
2
" .. is already the hour for yau to Clwake."
_Romons IS, II
6 AWAKE!
"On the WhOle me opmlOns OI every other by that? A church paper in Switzerland
problem were divided. The divisiveness-till notes:
now a Protestant characterlstlc-spread also "Kueng remInds us that Peter and the
among Catholic-Day Catholics. Commented apostles were married and yet remained in
the Ruhr and Military Bishop Franz Hengs. the complete discipleship of Jesus which
bach: 'A severe time has come over the remained as an example for the congrega-
Church.' " tion overseers through many centuries."
In the United States, James Kavanaugh, -Schweizerische Kirchenzeitung, 1967, No.
before he left the priesthood, wrote the 31.
Leading Catholic theologians in the
book A Modern Priest Looks at His Out-
United States also have openly criticized
dated Church. In it he said of his church's
the hierarchy on this matter. Time, Sep-
policy on birth control:
tember 15, 1967, reported:
"I am a poor. man's Moses, who has seen " 'Where the inalienable right to marriage
the foreign law [on birth control] that and procreation is lacking, hUman dignity
oppresses my ~eople and can only scream: has ceased to exist.'
'Let my people go!' •.. "So declared Pope Paul VI last March in
''The poor are made to play a vicious Populorum Progressio, his encyclical on
game when we bar them from the sacra- economic ,and social justice. Does this in-
ments if they practice birth control.... Their allenable right exist for Roman Catholic
children stumble over their parents in the priests? Last week the Rev. John A. O'Brien,
pews to approach the altar and share the professor of theology at the University of
food of Christ. The parents stay behind Notre Dame, used the encyclical's noble
and .•. sit there in shame, separated by a words to challenge the Pope's recent deci-
Pharisaic line. • . . sion upholding mandatory celibacy for
"One day, history will record the madness priests. Addressing almost 200 fellow clerics
of my Church and amend the rules made gathered at Notre Dame, O'Brien said: 'For
by monks and celibates." years, countless thousands of priests have
felt I that they were being deprived of an
inalienable, God·given right.'''
Speaking Out on Celibacy
However, typical of the reaction of high
Another church teaching strongly criti-
church officials on this matter was that
cized by many Catholic clergymen is
reported by the New York Times of No-
priestly celibacy. According to church
vember 17, 1967:
rule, even if a priest has church approval "In a sharply worded statement on cler·
to marry, he can no longer be a priest. If ical celIbacy, the National Conference of
he marries without church approval he Catholic Bishops held out no hope for a
can be excommunicated. lifting of the restriction in the Western
church."
In many polls taken of priests, almost
always a majority favored the church's Speaking Out on Other Matters
setting aside the mandatory celibacy re- As discussed above, three major areas
quirement. But in 1967 Pope Paul VI is- where Catholic clergymen are speaking
sued an encyclical reaffinning the church's out are in regard to church rule, birth,
position on celibacy. He called it a "bril- control, and celibacy. But in many other
liant jewel." Yet, soon afterward, the areas of doctrine and practice they are
prominent Catholic theologian Hans also speaking out.
Kueng of Germany declared: "There will For example, there is the matter of
\Uldoubtedly be no rest on this point in punishment for not attending Mass. The
the Catholic Church until celibacy is re- Catholic Manucil of Christian Doctrine
stored. again to the free decision of the in- asks in regard to hellfire: "Who go to
dividual as originally." What did he mean hell?" It answers: "All those who die in
APRIL $$, 1fJ68 7
the state of mortal sin, even if they be the routine questions asked in the confes-
guilty of one such sin." This textbook sion box. He said it drove people away
states that one such mortal sin is "failure from the church, declaring: "In three
to . . . hear Mass on Sundays and holy- years I will have ,confessed only 50 men
days of obligation." Thus, the Catholic [out of a Catholic town of 15,OOO!]," Then
that does not attend Mass is consigned to he added: "How much useless baggage we
hellfire.· But the Catholic magazine porn- find in the Holy Mass, in the Baptism and
monweal of December 29, 1967, notes: in almost all the sacraments."-'Mensaje,
"The childhood of the human race has Chile, JWle 1967.
passed. The Church is a mother, but In fact, almost every major practice
would even a stepmother impose such and teaching of the church is coming un-
pWlishments?" der fire. And from Catholic clergymen
Then there is opposition to the system within the church! All of this is having
of confession now in use. For instance, a its effect on great segments of the Catho-
parish pl-iest in Chile complained about lic clergy.
ATHOLICS in some
C countries have been
shocked to find out what
the clergy are approving in
Wbat
other lands. This is also true
in regard to the mixing of
pagan rites with Catholic
ceremonies.
Catbolieism
Argentina
For example, in Argen-
tina the worship of the "De-
ceased Correa" has trans-
formed a dry rock in San
Juan province into the mec-
ca of millions of persons.
The Deceased Correa is said to be Maria
Antonia Correa, a woman of the last cen-
tury. She is said to have had a baby by
her lover. The lover abandoned her, but with the baby miraculously nursing from
she followed him into the arid regions of the rigid body. One of the herders asked
La Rioja, carrying the baby. After a week for a miracle from the deceased and it
she became lost and died. The story says was supposedly fulfilled. This gave rise to
that two herders found her corpse, but decades of belief in her mitaculous pow-
16 AWAKE!
ers. Yet, note what the Argentine maga- is an amalgamation of Indian Idolatry and
zine Panorama said,in its issue of August of elemental Catholicism."
1966: Also in Argentina there is the worship
"There is no proof whatsoever that the of the sun on Jrule 23 of each year, Of
anecdote is truthful, only the dramatic force this, Confirmado of July 9, 1965, reports:
of the legend is left. . • .
"Each June 23rd the world opens the door
"During that time the simple mention of to old rites . . . that make yearly of the
the deceased was prohibited in the religious summer solstice an exuberant orgy of pagan-
schools; she was considered as a savage and ism. On that date, the sun reaches its maxi·
pagan myth. . . . However, since the be· mum height: more than twenty centuries
ginning of this century, the pilgrims started ago, the Romans venerated the Son of the
to flow in mass, . ~ . Many couples initiated Triumphant Sun .•. On the other hand, in
their love life in the environs of the altar, the Christian collection of saInts the 23rd
consummating in that way a resurrection of of June belongs to Saint John, Rome's
very ancient-and pagan-fertllityworship." patron; inevitably. the pagan festivity sur-
Near the place where this was supposed vived, lent its ways to the Catholic celebra·
tion, became confused with it.•.•
to have happened, a new church was built, "Con/irmado questioned Monsignor Win·
It dominated the view of the area con- sauer about the watol'itul patronage that
sidered sacred. Panorama added: some Catholic priests dispense in the pagan
cult: 'It is simple. Saint John's day and the
"April 24 of 1966, 400,000 persons filed by Nativity of Our Lord coincide with the two
on the highway, pilgriming from Caucete to
solstices. Formerly, these dates were motive
the large rock. A night procession transferred
of pagan celebrations. When they were
to the brand·ncw church an image of the Christianized it was difficult to uproot the
Virgin of Souls ... old worship. and the Church preferred to
"While the bishop officiated mass ... the absorb the pagan feasts Into its own and
multitude rendered worship to the deceased not abolish them. That is the origin of the
in the rock.... worship of the Sun.'''
"The parish priest of Caucete says ... 'The
Church is studying the case with caution. Bolivia
But we can't remain with our backs turned
on the people. For that reason we put up the In Catholic Bolivia, there are the fa-
basilica, so that the devotees of the "little mous Devil dances in the city of Orura in
saint" could say mass for her and be in peace
with their Catholic conscience. The worship
has the tendency to become amalgamated
with our orthodoxy.'''
Another rock that is similarly wor-
shiped is called "The Lord of the Rock,"
and is located in the province of La Rioja.
It resembles a human head. This influ-
enced the primitive pagans to make the
rock an object of their idolatries and sac-
rifices. Of this rock and its worship today
the Argentine Auto Club magazine of
August-September 1967 observed:
"The nameless popular worship was con·
verted little by little to that of the Lord of
the Rock, and since then went taking on
characteristics of the Catholic religion . . .
The rooted worship of the Lord of the Rock Devil dancers in Bolivia worship Satan
APRIL SS, 1968 17
the Andes mountains. The tin miners On the first day of the rituals last year
there believe Satan is the god of the un':' thirty-six persons were arrested for
derground and controls their destiny. In drunkenness. One reporter who himself
these Devil dances the people try to pla- had danced at the festivals for years
cate this god of the underground. Satan wrote: "Great quantities of liquor are
is thus venerated. consumed. Promiscuity is nomble among
The origin of these Devil dances goes the groups at their accommodations. The
back to the Inca Indians. However, its darkness of the unlit town is fully taken
modern setting dates back to the late advantage- of for sexual immorality. Many
1700's, when it was incorporated into the mAle and female prostitutes ·a ttend the
newly introduced religion of Catholicism. festivities to make easy money. Among
Of the participants, El Diario of Febru- the dancers often there is fainting, hys-
ary 11, 1965, said: 'terical attacks and ear-shattering
"It is Interesting to note that these screams." Yet, this all has the approval
Satan worshipers are at the same time fer· of the church. The participants continue
vent Catholics who have mixed their faith to be accepted as Catholics in good stand-
and belief with this fear and superstition of ing.
the DeVil."
One ex-devotee of a Similar festival in
Chile another town commented: "When I would
In Chile, the publication EstreUa of look at all this I used. to think how bad the
July 15, 1967, proclaimed in a headline: priest must be to pennit it." And when
''Erotic and Vegetl;ltive Dances Are Held other Catholics look into their Bibles for
at La Tirana." It explained this festival's justification for such ceremonies, they are
origin: startled to find they are not approved by
God. Instead, they note that God's Word
"Its origin we must look for In the fer·
tmty and' fecundity ceremonies of pagan plainly condemns mixing paganism with
cultures related to the circular dances ChristianitY.-2 Cor. 6:14-18.
around a pole, tree or staff. . . . Its origin
is pre-Colombian, being found by the Span· in Other Lands
ish on their arrival." In Costa Rica, a priest admitted, as
This festival is held in honor of the quoted in La Naci6n of May 27, 1967:
Virgin Mary. A carnival atmosphere "Frankly, not a great difference is seen
reigns. A writer for the Santiago daily, between the jungle of saints and the
Las Ultimas Noticias, of July 22, 1967, amount of devotions and rites in order to
described it in this way: "It sounds a bit obtain their favors, and the magic grim-
like pdpular Christianity with deep Indian aces of the Indians worshiping idols."
,
roots and much like paganism of the old A priest and semi:r;mry teacher in EI Sal-
ages." A reporter there stated: vador said in an interview that what the
"Before our eyes hundreds of men pass chW'ch had offered the Indians was idola-
dancing unrestrained, oblivious to all fa· try. He said the church 'had robbed their
tigue and pain, possessed of a mystic fever mentality and it cannot now undo what it
this rational age could never understand.
Among them, children masked as devils do has done.' He also said that after having
incredible gymnastics. Everyone plays and served in Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala
dances at once. Each one Is worshiping the and Nicaragua and studied in Rome, he
Virgin of La Tirana in his own way..••
That's why it can be said that here even observed that there is no unity of rites or
madness could appear as sanity." policy for the church. It is not sUfPrising,
18 AWAKEI
then, to read the following in El Salva w :'Many ot the' saints, venerated as power·
dar's Prensa Grafi,ca of October 24, 1007: ful protectors at this or that village, are,
In fact, but the local gods disguised. Some-
'There is in our people without a doubt times their names gIve them away. On the
a great deal 0:1: religious ignorance.•.• We llanks of Mount Aetna, ~n Sicily, tor in·
suffer grave errors in the practice of our stance, people worship a 'Santa Venerina:,'
worship. The Church honors saints and who, among other gifts, has the power to
venerates its images and authentic relics, make barren Women fertile, like the Venus
... our people many times render an idola· of old, Venere in Italian. And is there not
trous worship to images of wood, instead a relation between the name of the patron
of considering them merely as effigies...• saint of Naples, the venerated bishop Jan·
"Piety is to look for Christ, in all things, uarius, whose dried-up blood becomes liquid
to focus our life by the light of the Gospel, twice a year . . . and the If,oman pro-
to direct our acts toward God. The rest is tector of aU portals and doors, Janus? The
not piety nor true religion but fraudulent Church, they say, knows or suspects all
Idolatry, hypocritical devotion, white magIc this, but, in Its great wisdom, allows it to
and superstition." ' go on, since it does not interfere with fun·
damental doctrines."
In Ghana, during Easter celebrations an
image of Jesus is laid on a bed in the But it does interfe~ with true worship as
church. A Mass is held. Then the church revealed in God's inspired Word. That is
why many Catholics who observe such
members are asked to show sympathy to
shocking pagan rites have left the church.
the image. They kiss it and donate money
They could not accept the condoning of
to help it on its journey. This practice is such by the church in the name of Chris-
copied directly from pagan worshipers in tianity.
the cOWltry.
, When an individual among In fact, this including of paganism with-
them dies, his body lies in state for some in the church is one of the reasons for
time. Friends and relatives donate money some of the anticlerical feeling noticed
to the dead body to be used on its journey throughout much of the world today. But
to its destination in the "hereafter." there are other, even more compelling,
And what of Italy, the seat of the Cath- reasons, for anticlericalism, especially in
olic church? In the book The Italians by lands where the church had been strong-
Luigi Barzini, published in 1964, we read: est.
WORLD WIDE?
"WHEN Catholics look aroWld them
today at their priests some are
The, truth is that there is much open
hostility toward the clergy, both inside
shocked, a few are angry, and many are and outside the church. Indeed, there is
puzzled," stated the Chicago TribWle a definite wave of antic1ericalism through-
Magazine of May 21, 1967. out the world. What is "antic1ericalism"?
APRIL 22, 1968 19
It is defined as opposition to the influence the Church away and which is now becom-
and activities of the clergy. And never Ing deadly." And the Los Angeles Herald.·
before in history has this been so power- Examiner stated on November 25, 1967:
ful. "Christian theology ... today Is in a state
In Chile, an editorial entitled "Resent- of chaos, many of its experts admit. . . .
ment Within the Church" appeared in "The tumult in religious thought has
broken out both in Prote:stantism and Roman
Mensaje of July 1966. It said: "If the re- Catholicism, with many people in the pews
sentment keeps increasing we will arrive peeply disturbed by the academic arguing
at a very serious situation, although the over interpretations they considered im·
present state is sufficiently fatal." mutably fixed ....
_In a discussion on French television "The Rev. Avery Dulles of the Jesuits'
Woodstock College in Maryland says . . .
with the now Cardinal Louis Veuillot con- 'Catholics are shaken when they are abrupt·
cerning the church's position in the mod- ly told that some reputable theologian' now
ern world, he was so badly treated by his questions some previous doctrinal formula·
interviewers that a leading French publi- tions."
cation commented: How deeply many feel about this can
"He has never been spoken to like that. be seen in reports in the Frehch Catholic
He suddenly becomes aware that men of magazine Le Monde et la Vie. In its June
this epoch are indifferent to the majesty 1967 issue, promment Catholic writer Mi-
at the princes at the Church, that there is chel de Saint-Pierre noted: "The modern
in them a 'kind of insolence towards all
those who dare pretend they are servants world is the world where we have seen all
of God."-L'Expres8, October 24.~O, 1965. the errors that have ever existed in op-
position to the faith be assembled, be-
In Ireland, a young coIleg\t student on
come organized, hinged with one another
a television panel show severely admon-
and installed in the ,heart of the Church."
ished the archbishop of Dublin and also
In its November 1965 issue the- magazine
the bishop of Galway. The Irish Times
had declared:
said on March 31, 1966: "He was-at
"we are actually experiencing the greatest
,times anyway-putting forward views spiritual disaster of the Church of France.
that are shared by quite a few people in . . . Such a pastoral direction has the nor·
this country." And of the same incident, mal consequence of inducing the people to
a writer to the Evening Press of March 3D, forsake the Church. And this is what they
1966, commented: are doing."
"I would like to express my sincere and Along this same line, Mensaje of Chile,
heartfelt congratulations to the brave young in July 1966, said regarding the situation
writer who had the moral courage to speak there:
out against the way the clergy have inter· "This atmosphere of murmurings and sus·
fered in the affairs of our country for so picions causes many of these Catholics to
long." feel each time less tied to the visible Church.
So that there may be heard with certain
One of the Causes frequency the boast of not being concerned
One cause for this growing anticlerical- with what the hlshops or priests may say
ism, especially among Catholics, is the' or teach."
present crisis within the church. The dis- All of these views have been verified
putes and confusion within the ranks of by Awake! correspondents throughout the
the clergy alienate many. In France, a world. Everywhere they note that many
writer in Le Monde et la Vie of May 1963 Catholics are asking themselves questions
spoke of this as a "cancer that is eating about their religion. Our correspondent in
20 AWAKE!
Belgium wrItes: "We meet more and more In Spain, when a Barcelona priest In·
Catholics who are disgusted by what they cluded a political event in his prayer at
see taking place in their religion. Many Mass, one of the laity jumped up and
tell us: 'It's the end of the Catholic shouted: "folitics has nothing to do with
church.' One industrialist said: 'I have the the mass!"-Suddeutsche Zeitung, Ger·
impression of being "tricked."'" many, May 18/19, 1966.
The rising lack of regard for the clergy From every corner of the earth, church
can be noted in many situations. For in· Involvement in politics is noted:
stance, the Chicago Daily News of Decem· EcuADOR: "In Ecuador there is anti·
.ber 5,1967, stated: "[Pope Paul] now con· clericalism because the priests have exer·
fronts an open revolt among women, ... cIsed too much influence in politics."-Inter.
More than half the Catholic women of the view with presidential doctor, September
29,1967.
world practice contraception in defiance
INDIA: "The direct participation of cer·
of the Vatican." tain Bishops in Kerala politics has put a
In Holland, the 16,OOO·memher Union section of the Catholic community in a great
of Catholic Students sent an open letter dilemma . . . they wanted their religious
to the Dutch press. In this document they heads to keep aloof from politics."-Express,
FebrU'ary 14, 1967.
said of the pope's stand on celibacy: "A BRAZIL: "A large number of bishops,
primate who is unable to think on a high. priests and monks have lost faith •.. and,
er level than that of, an Italian sexual lacking spiritual motivation for their priestly
moralist can no longer officiate as primate functions, lend themselves to a furious po·
for us."-Daily Star, Canada, August 23, litical campaign. . . . They form a political
party and should be considered politicians."
1967. -Correia Brasiliense, August 12, 1967.
UNITED STATES: "Boston's colorful
Political Involvement Richard Cardinal Cushing . . . jovially reo
Involvement in politics also arouses called how he and old Joe [Kennedy, father
deep anticlerical sentiment. In a recent of the late V.S. president], both hard·shell
Catholics, made strategic contributions to
Vietnamese election the New York Times Protestant ministers in West Virginia to
of September 19, 1967, reported that help win friends and influence voters for
priests "provided their congregations with Jack Kennedy in the crucial 1960 West
lists of the ballots to be chosen." Many Virginia primary. 'We donated $200 to some,
$500 to others-and a few got $1,OOO--de·
Catholics were bitter at this interference. pending upon the size of their congregation:
In a large Catholic church in Maryland, confessed the cardinal, chuckling merrily."
a priest was advising his parishioners -The Washington Post, August 23, 1967.
about various political matters. A news
War Involvement
report tells what happened next:
Directly linked with political involve·
"Suddenly the sermon was interrupted by ment is the involvement of the Catholic
a loud voice from the back of the church:
'Couldn't we do ,without a political talk,
church in the wars of this world. It is an·
Father~' There was a moment of startled other powerful reason for the rising tide
silence, then a spatter of applause . . . . of anticlericalism.
"It might have happened at anyone of In the 1965 book Mit Gott und den
thousands of other churches, Protestant or Fa.'whisten (With God and the Fascists)
Catholic, across the land. For it was symp·
tomatic of a deep split which has developed
author Karl·Heinz Deschner says regard·
in America's ehurehes."-Daily Citizen, Tuc· ing the church's backing of Hitler's Ger·
son, Arizona, August 5,1967. many in World War II:
APRIL ~2, 1968 21
"The newspaper of the Bishops of Galen Catholic k~S Catholic, each side being
wrote at that time [1941]: 'God has allowed blessed by its own priests.
the sword of revenge against England to
fall into our hands. We are the executors of To this day such involvement continues.
his righteous godly will.' The following El Comercio of Ecuador. on August 16,
stood in the Church newspaper at the arch· 1965, carried a picture of the bishop of
diocese of Cologne: ... 'to these great men Riobamba standing in front of new rifles.
belon.gs indisputably the man, who today The caption explained tll-at this was Mon·
celebrated his 52nd birthday, Adolf Hitler.
On this day, we promise him that we will signor Leonidas Proano, and he was bless·
put all of our strength available, so that our ing these weapons that had been newly
people will win the place in the world which delivered to the military forces.
really belongs to them.' In the United States, the San Antonio,
, "Volumes could be filleo. with this sort of Texas, Express and News of September 9,
e1Iusion. The AmerIcan scholar, Gordan C. 1967, reported:
Zahn, reported that according to a study
whIch appeared in 1961 concerning 'The "War Is morally correct as a tool of peace
German Catholic Press and Hitler's War,' he in the protection and defense of rights,
found 'not one Single example of any even Roman Catholic Archbishop Robert E. Lucey
hidden opposition against the war' in all of the San Antonio archdiocese declared
of the 'exemplary group of magazines' Friday....
through which he had looked to complete "Strongly defending U.S. involvement in
this study. Rather, 'the Catholic Press was the Vietnam war, Archbishop Lucey chal-
full of cries for war support, •.. fiery calls lenged that 'withdrawal would not only be
for "Patriotism" .•. The whole impression a tremendous cruelty but a great stullidity
for the reader . . . is that of a wholly out· that would hurt the world!'
spoken nationalistic support foV the war.''' "To back up his description of war as a
tool of peace, the archbishop quoted excerpts
In Italy, on the cover of a church from the Christmas messages of the late
pamphlet printed in 1942, a drawing of Pope Pius XII in 1943 and 1948."
Jesus was shown in tbe midst of Italian An interesting account of the contradic·
soldiers, tanks, guns and military air- tion within the church during wartime
'craft. Inside. the following prayer was was published in the Belgian newspaper
printed: "Lord, that are the God of Hosts, La Derniere Heure of January 7, 1967. It
protect our armed forces on land, sea and noted that during World War I Cardinal
air and guide them soon to the triumph Arnette of Paris said the following to
of victory." This was' issued while Italy, French soldiers:
under Mussolini, was allied with Hitler's "My brothers, comrades of the French
Germany l- and while they had the upper army and of their glorious allies, the Al-
hand in the war. mighty God is on our side. God has helped
us to attain our glory in the past. He will
Because of clergy support for both sides, help us again in the present hour of our
Catholicism was divided during the war. distress. God is near to OUr brave soldiers in
Catholic killed' Catholic in wholesale battle, he gives them strength and fortifies
slaughter on the battlefields. But it is not them against the enemy. God protects his
own. God will give us the vIctory."
only in Europe that such things happen.
In Latin America, Catholic countries have Yet, as this newspaper observed, during
their patron saints that are venerated in that same time the archbishop of Cologne,
order to receive blessing~ in time of war. Germany, said the following to German
Each country pits its patron saint against soldiers:
"Beloved people of our Fatherland, God Is
the patron saint of the next co.untry. with us in this fight for righteousness where
When there are wars or border clashes we have been drawn in against our wish.
22 AWAKEI
We command you 1n too name of God, to rate robes ana crowns and other articles of
fight TO the last drop of your blood for the dress that 'are suggestive of a royal court'
honor and glory of the country. In his wis· rather than of a servant who washes the
dom and justice, God knoWS that we are on feet at his brethren."
the side of righteousness and he Will give Then from the United States came this
us the victory." statement of Catholic priest George Haf-
Then this Belgian newspaper asks: "If ner of New Jersey:
there is a God, what does he think of all "Vatican II states that the church was to
that?" be seen as the servant of the world, like
Christ. Yet we continue to wrap men in
There is no doubt about what God ermine and satin in a ceremony of medieval
thinks. His Word plainly states: "There pomp and then hold fabulous parties which
should not be divisions among you, . . . would shame millionaires."-The New York
be fitly united in the same mind and in Times, September 14,1967.
the same line of thought. . . . Does the In France, about fifteen Catholic fami-
Christ exist divided?" (1 Cor. 1:'10, 13; lies sent a joint letter to the ecumenical
see also 1 John 4:20.) In the book of First council when it was in session. Their letter
John, chapter 3, verses 10 to 12, you can contained the following statement:
read about the origin of those who claim "Following in the steps of his Master,
to teach God's Word, hut who lead people the apostle ·Peter said: 'Silver and gold I
to kill one another.' And remember, Jesus do not possess, but what I do have is what
I give you.' Can the successor of Saint Peter
said: "By this all will know that you are and his disciples repeat these words in 1965?
my disciples, if you have love among
yourselves."--John 13:35. "These riches flaunted by the Roman
Catholic Church, accepted by its leaders or
Wealth and Power by their ecclesiastical communities, make
one thInk 01 the time when Jesus drove the
The interest of the church in material money·changers from the temple."·-Le
wealth and power has also aroused much Mamie, November 20, 1965.
antic1ericaIis\TI. In fact, the German maga~ Recognizing the hostility that their
zine Der Spiegel of May 27, 1964, report~ wealth, power and 'pomp have brought, a
ed: "Today the Vatican is one of the number of bishops in France asked to be
greatest financial powers in the world." called "Father" instead of "Monsignor."
The church's interest in wealth and As a result, a French priest wrote to Le
power was severely condemned by an Au- ' Monde of December 15, 1965, saying:
gustinian monk, Robert Adolfs. The Prov- "It 'Our Graces' are so suddenly smitten
ince of Canada stated on September 2, for simplicity. why therefore are they not
1967 satisfied to be called 'Mister' like everybody
"Father Adolfs says bluntly that the else? ... But why must they do this in order
church can survive only if it tallows the to grab right away a title which is even less
example of Jesus Christ by emptyJng itselt appropriate for any man to take to himself:
of all 'princely splendor' and taking on the 'Father,' and this jn the name of the Gospel!
humble role of a servant. Have they not read the Gospel: 'Do not
~The Apostle Paul said subStantiaUy the
call any man "Father" for one is your
same thing • . . Father Adolfs teels that Father'?"-Matt.23:9.
Paul's advice has been forgotten, and cites Of course, there are additional reasons
specific ways in which the church is burdened for growing antic1ericalism. But these few
with temporal trappings of wealth, power
and prestige....
show the trend developing in the world.
"He says the Pope, and the cardinals and And this trend is having a disastrous ef-
bishops as well, should quit wearing elabo· . feet among many Catholics.
APRIL S2, 1968
23
Colombia
HAT, are the effects of this growing
W ariticlericalism? A brief survey of
the church's influence throughout· the
"Of Cali's 850,000 inhabitants only 50,000
attend Mass.... of those 50,000 practicing ...
two thirds are women."-EI Espectador, Au-
world is revealing: gust 26, 1967.
Netherlands Belgium
"In Amsterdam, confessions have dwindled "10% of the Catholics are practicing Catha·
to 1/50th of their old number in the last few lies and of those, 10%, that is, only 1%, are
years."--J. van Kilsdonk, a priest, in Look Catholics considered by the clergy as being
magazine, January 23, 1968. 'good Christians.' "-Catholic priest In Brussels
Attendance at Mass, as reported in Het in interview with Awake! correspondent.
Njewsblad van het Zuiden, November 16, 1966:
Year Amsterdam Rotterdam Utrecht France
1950 52.9% 47.8% 67%
1966 39.3% 33.9% 49.8% Out of 40 million baptized Catholics, 25
million do not go to church even at Easter,
says the 1965 book France, Land of Mission m-
United States , of Demission? by Marcel Clement, professor
"In the past two years, U.S. parish priests in Paris' Catholic Institute.
admit, attendance at the confession box ..• "It is easily acknowledged in high circles that
has fallen noticeably."-Time, October 13, 1967. youth is escaping our control, that the work-
ing classes turn their backS on us."-Vicar of
Austria the Marne, in Le Monde et la Vie, April 1963.
''Eighty percent of th~ Catholics in Vienna
do not go to mass on Sunday. The twenty Guadeloupe
percent who do go to mass are mainly children,
"The priests baptize 95% of the children.
women over forty and the aged."-Oatholic
They catechize 80%. They see 65% abandon
Information on Faith, 34th letter.
any religious practice between the age ·of 14
Mexico and 18.... TQ.ere is a Christian Iailure."-Priest
writing in Aujourd'hui Dimanche, September
"According to conservative calculations, only 10,1967.
20% attend the Sunday mass regularly. Further·
more there are many towns and cities in which Venezuela
the attendance at the Sunday mass (s from 5
to 6%."---Jesuit priest P. Rivera, in La Demo- "The churches stand almost empty on Sun-
cracia en Mexico, by P. Gonzales Casanova, day; a typical Venezuelan hasn't been to mass
1965. in 15 years; the whole country-a country of
9,300,000 nominal Catholics-produced only 33
Italy priests last year."-Report from Caracas, in
EVening Post, South Carolina, February 6, 1968.
"Most Italians behave as if they do not fcar
hell nor do they give any credit to their Church. With few exceptions, this situation is
Their religious practices are occasional and found throughout the Catholic world to-
their appointments with the Church are limited day. All of this is a reflection of the grow-
to the formal obligations of baptism, first ing trend toward anticiericalism. But
communion, marriage, and religious funeral."
-La Btumpa, September 28, 1966. why? And what does it mean?
AWAKE!
24
~
i~!iu!tdJJ~Cjt {fi/ilkm-?/
, • j'
J'
'., ' .... ____ ........................................ . ....... "........ ............................ , ........................ __ .__ ..................... __ .,_." •: I
'., ,I
HAT does the present (',:risij; in the "Tooa., Ch"r\st\a1\\~ \s th~ taY'g~t 'l':Ji mtta-
W Catholic church really mean? And
what does the future hold for it?
ctiticism in the world. The internal disagree·
ment that at times has divided it into hostile
sects casts a bad light on it. Gandhi used
The answers to those questions affect, to say that European Christianity is the
not only the Catholic church, hut all the negation of the rellgion of Jesus."
churches of Christendom. That is why. Dr. Herbert Madinger, writing in the 31st
even if you are not Catholic but belong letter of Catholic Information on Faith in
to one of the other religions of Christen- Vienna, also said:
dom, you will want to think seriously
"It was the fault of Christians that com.
about what happens to Catholicism. Its munism was born. Who is going to someday
crisis is really no different from the crisis answer to God for that? We Christians will
in all of Christendom's religions today. one day have a serious rendering of account.
Remember, it is not only in Catholicism At the judgment of the world we will have
to acknowledge that it was our fault that
that contradictory teachings have arisen; unbelievers coqld not gain faith in God. The
the current "God is dead" theologies vile sins of believers have been repulsive to
arose in Protestant religions. It is not just unbelievers."
Catholicism that experiences disunity; the Could Christendom have God's backing
disunity of the other religions of Christen- in view of its being responsible for teach-
dom is as bad or worse. Among the mem- ings and practices that have disgusted
bers of all these religions crime and im- millions of persons and turned them away
morality are on the increase. In all of from God? Is God the author of such con-
Christendom there is a growing lack of fusion, contradiction and immorality?
faith in God and his Word. Certainly not!
......................................................................
'
32 AWAKE!
Did a Flood Really Destroy a World of tt1ankind?
PAGE: 5
I Was a Fortune-Teller
I"'AGE 12
MAY 8. 1968
THE REASON FOR THJS MAGAZINE
News source. that Of. abl. to keep yO\! awake to the vital illu., of our times must
be unf.ttered by censorship and selfish jnterests. "Awakel" has no fetters, It recognizes
fads, faces facts, is free to publish facts. It is not bound by political ti.s; it is unnam·
pltred by trdditional creeds. This magoJ:ine keeps illelf fr.e, that it may speak freely to
you. But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
The viewp6il1t of "Awakel" is not narrow, but is international. "Awakel" has its
own correspondents in scorel of notions. It. articles are read in many lands. in many
lonQuages, by millions of persons.
In every issue "Awake!" presents vital topics on which you should b. informed. It
fe9hm» pen"hating articles on sodal conditions and oHers found counsel for meeting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent panes in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the fields of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious iss!}es 'o'lert you to matters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences and points of human interest are all embraced in its coverage. "Awake'" pro-
vides wholesome, instructive reading for every member of the family.
"Awake'" pledges itself to righteous prInciples, to exposing hidden foes Clnd subtle
dangers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the'establish.
ment of God's righteous new order in this generation.
-_ -_ --..
Get acquainted with "Awakel" Keep awake by reading "Awakel"
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"'-.-"-.'-_"-,,_.-.---,.-_..
CONTENTS
True Christians Are Different 3 Preparing tor Violence 16
DId a Flood Really Destroy a Hawaii's City of Refuge 21
World of Mankind? 5
Your Humble Servant, Abaca 9 ProclaiIners of Peace to the Nations 25
Uruguay Changes Its Presidential System 11 "You\: W Cll:d Is Ttuth"
I Was a Fortune-Teller 12 What Is the Name of God? 27
AWAKE!
You/' Humble $e/,vantr~~
.. v •..•
I~~i~h t~~l~~:d~~~;P~p~~ ~
~
l50 W
dust off their shoes. It is the
By "Awake!"' correspondent
btown envelope in which doc- in the Philippines
uments are sealed for mail-
ing. It is the thick Manila paper that some a wilderness. On his
children use to cover their schoolbooks. homestead Otik plant-
It is the string for a boy's kite, the tether ed rice, corn, coconut
for his father's water buffalo. It can be and al.Jaya..2....but mostly
an exquisite handbag, a pretty pair of abaca.
shoes or a woman's bedroom slippers. It Abaca is better
may be the white hat a man will wear on known around the
a business trip to Manila. It is your hum- world by its export
ble servant, abaca. name, Manila hemp,
TrulY. abaca is a versatile servant, but though it is not really
its most important service to mankind is hemp and it is not
in the form of rope: rope for the rigging grown in Manila. It is
of sailboats, I;ope for the junks and sam- a perennial whose stalks grow in clusters,
pans that crowd Hong Kong's waterfront, and is a member of the banana family.
-rope for the mooring of majestic ships of Its fruit even resembles the banana, but
all nations. Yes, abaca fiber makes fine do not try eating it or you are in for an
rope because it is strong and stands up Wlpleasant surprise. Its leaves are narrow,
well under long periods of outdoor use, stiff and straight in contrast with the
having remarkable resistance to water, broader, gracefully drooping leaves of the
sun and wind. 'banana.
Of the yearly demand for at least a Otik owes a debt of gratitude to Wa-
million bales world wide, 720,000 are sup- tanabe-san, one of the industrious "'apa-
plied by the Philippines. The tremendous nese who developed abaca culture from a
job of supplying this demand rests on the local to an international industry. He
shoulders of humble men like Otik and taught Otik that the plant thrives best on
Max. Come, let me introduce you to them. volcanic soil where there is plenty of rain-
fall, and that it demands lots of shade
Cultivating the "Abaca" Plant furnished by the forest. This is why Min-
OUk and his family of six live deep in danao prpved to be the right place for
abaca country, on the island of Mindanao. its cultivation. The plant matures from
He came here as a young man from Cebu, the sucker stage in about three years,
along with Max and hundreds of other attaining a height of ten to fifteen feet.
Visayans. They 'Came in search of a better Only mature stalks produce the finest
livelihood, and possibly adventW"e, for the fiber.
Visayan tends to be a nomad. That was The large leaves, oblong in shape, grow
some years before World War II swept the up closely around the trunk of the plant,
Pacific-when Mindanao was still largely the bottom parts of the leaves hugging
MAY 8, 1968
9
the trunk tightly in layer after layer. truCk to tl1e merchant. But what price
Otik recalls how Watanabe-san showed they wlll get for all their hard work is
him how to grade the fibers correctly: the beyond their control. Supply and demand
outer sheaths contain short, not-sa-white, around the world (for abaca is now also
strong fIber; the middle ones have grown in Central America) is what will
medium-white, reasonably sturdy fiber; determine their returns. Sometimes they
the inner ones have the whitest fiber, but get very little. Added to their troubles is
are not so strong. The pith of the plant the fact that sisal, henequen and syn-
goes to the compost heap. thetic fibers are now competing on the
world market.
Preparing Fiber for the Market
Since aUk has returned to his old oc- Versatile Servant to Many
cupation of building" most of the work Despite all rivalry, however, abaca still
on the abaca plantation is left to hired has a promising future. As long as ships
hands. His close friend, Max, is a real sail the oceans it would seem that abacti
authority on the practical aspects of pre- will be in demand, ~or no other product
paring abaca for market. His muscles matches it in its role of rope that is high-
have been hardened by forty years of ly brine-resistant and that maintains ten-
chopping down mature plants, cutting sile strength even after long exposure to
away the leaves, peeling off the petioles sun, wind and rain.
or stems one by one, and feeding them to And a talk with Nena reveals other
the stripping machine. This is a simple possibilities. She has a small abaca fann
device--a serrated steel blade with a block near the slopes of Mayon volcano in the
of wood. One end of each petiole is fed Bieol Peninsula. She and her neighbors
into the machine and clamped down, but operate cottage industries that turn out
not too tightly. First, a mighty tug to handbags, hats, shoes, slippe~ aJId other
yank the fiber free from that end of the
items that are in great demand. They
petiole, and then the other end is fed into
the jaws of the machine. Another tug and even pound abaca and weave it into cloth
the beautiful white fiber springs free. called sinamay, used for mosquito netting
The fiber is then tied into hands-a and in the garment trade. Even the abaca
hand being the quantity of fiber picked stumps and discarded stalks are not al-
up by both hands-and dried in the sun. together waste, for Nena and her neigh-
Max can now afford a generator and an bors, with proper care, manage to harvest
improved stripping machine, but he still a generous supply of deliciOUS mushrooms
maintains that stripping abaca is work for from these.
strong men and is at the same time an Plant disease and impoverished soil are
art. One has to gauge the right amount of two threatening enemies of this humble
tug to obtain the maximum of fiber and servant of man. The abaca needs rich soil
avoid undue waste. Skilled hands obtain and cool shady forest in order to continue
every fiber from the stalk. Then prompt producing healthilY. 'TIll" question is, Will
and proper drying technique produces the men refrain from denuding the land of its
whitest and strongest abaca. sheltering trees, and give the land its
Finally the job of Otik, Max and other needed rest from time to time? Only thus
abaca growers is finished when the fiber can abaca continue to hold its place as
has been baled, weighed and delivered by their humble servant.
10 AWAKEI
URUGUA
ITS PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
By "Awakel" correspondent
FTER some seventy-eight in Uruguay· this to say: "It is necessary to
$1,500 INVESTMENT
'i.' How much would you give so that your and while we were waIting for the airplane,
mother could have everlasting life? Would I told her that my wish was for her to asso·
$1,500 be too much? Of course not! ciate with Jehovah's witnesses at a Kingdom
One of Jehovah's witnesses In New Mexico Hall in Korea. I told her that I wanted her
writes: to understand more about Jehovah's purposes
"Ever since I learned the truth of God's for mankind. She said, 'I will not promise,
Wo'rd I wanted to explain It fully to my but, if it Is your wish, I will try the best I can.'
mother, who llved in Korea. I made plans for "As time went on I wondered wh{:lt she was
her to come and live with me for six months. doing about the truth. Finally I received a
After she came, I made a special effort to letter. She told me that she had started
talk to her every day about the Bible. Then, attending meetings about fifty mIles from
before I ever asked her, she told me that she her home.. Not only was she going, but she
wanted to go to the congregation meetings. was taking my brother's mother-In·law. Also,
- my brother told my mother that he would
(Mic. 4:5) That does not sOlUld one bit pray, using the words, "Let your name
like people of today who are ashamed of be sanctified," what name did he 'have in
the name of the true God, does it? mind? (Matt. 6:9) When he declared that
S Even in the writings of Jesus' disciples he had come "in the name of my Father,"
and apostles the Divine Name shouldprop~ to what name was he referring? (John
erly appear. This is so because in many in· 5:43) When he prayed: "Father, glorify
stances the inspired Christian writers your name," did he have in mind some
quoted passages from the Hebrew Scrip~ vague title such as "Lord" or some gen~
tures where the four-letter word for "Je~ eral designation such as "God"? (John
hovah" appeared. Thus at Acts 2:21, 12:28) Surely it is evident that God's own
where the apostle Peter quotes from the beloved Son, Jesus Christ, set the right
prophecy of Joel, he sounds a warning example and always magnified the name
that applies also in our critical times: of his Father-JEHOVAH!
''Everyone who calls on the name
of Jehovah ~ill be saved."-See Joel 2:32. Can you answer these questions?
• Of course, this does not mean that For answers, read the article above.
people today who merely callout loud the 11) What do some people think about God's
name "Jehovah" will gain salvation. That need for a personal name? (2) What was
name is no magic word. Those who call Jesus' view of this matter, as indicated at John
J7:26? (3) What is God's own chasen name
upon Jehovah must do so out of a clean as revealed at Psalm B3:18? (4) Though the
heart, which means they must be in full original Hebrew Scriptures contained the four-
hannony with God's requirements and letter word for "Jehovah" thousands. of times,
purposes. (2 Tim. 2:22) There must be how was it usually rendered in the Author.
real faith in Jehovah's ability to triumph ized Version of the Bible? 15) Late in the nine-
teenth century, what contrasting views did the
over all enemies. We should respond to the English Bible revisers and the American Bible
inspired psalmist's invitation: "Shout in revisers have? (6) In what unsatisfactory
triumph to God, all you people of the manner does the "Revised Standard Version"
earth. Make melody to the glory Qf his of 1952 render God's name? (7) As expressed
name. Render his praise glorious. Say to at Micah 4:5, how does God's own prophet
view the importance of God's personal name?
God: 'How fear~inspiring your works are! IB) As indicated at Acts 2:21, why would it
Because of the abundance of your strength be proper that God's personal name appear
your enemies will come cringing to you. in the writings of Jesus' disciples? (9) "Calling
All people of the earth will bow down to upon the name of Jehovah" requires the ex·
ercising of what faith, as expressed at Psalm
you, ~nd they will . . . make melody to 66: 1·4? (10) What emphatic pronouncement
your name.' "-Ps. 66:1~4. does God himself make at Isaiah 42:S?
10 The Almighty God has declared that (11) What right example, then, was giVen by
he will not look lightfy upon any efforts God's own Son, Jesus Christ, as shown by his
words recorded at Matthew 6:9, John 5:43,
to confuse and identify Him with false and John l2:2B?
28 AWAKE!
Security Council met in an
emergency session. Hindus at·
tacked Moslems in the Indus·
trial town of Tinsukia in reo
taliation for the slaughter by
a Moslem of a cow, held sa·
cred to Hindus. The monetary
reform was at sea, with bank·
ers endeavoring to resolve the
crisiS. Student disorders broke
out (April 1) in Rio de Janeiro.
Two hundred in Britain were
held in an antiwar protest
staged by thousands of youths
at the United States Embassy.
A Negro was killed in a Mem·
phis civil rights march. Na·
tional Guard troops were
called to quiet revotting demo
onstrators. President Johnson
* Morality In Malawi the brutalizing and murder of
President Hastings Banda Christians.
of Malawi poses before his
surprised Americans by an·
nouncing he would not run for
reelection. He also ordered a
world as a man of strong mor· *
small African nation and the King AssllSsinated
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.,
al sensibilities, an elder of the who preached nonviolence and
limited halt to the bombing of
North Vietnam.
Church of Scotland. Recently racial brotherhood, was struck
he was shocked when, on his down by an assassin's bullet
way home from church, he in Memphis, Tennessee, on
saw an English girl in a mini· April 4. The 39-year·old Nobel
*
Faith in Saigon
Two of Jehovah's witnesses
who have been in Saigon, Viet·
skirt strolling the streets. Prize-winning civil rights nam, for eight years said that
Since Banda's wish is the Mal· leader was to be at a rally two never have the bombs been as
awi Congress Party's com· hours later in support of strik· . close or as loud as when the
mand, it promptly decreed ing Memphis sanitation men. Communists staged their of·
that any girl who affected Following this, President fensive early this year. The
"these dia bolical fashions Johnson went on television and report from one of the-mis·
which show girls' thighs and called on every American to sionaries states: 'None of Je·
these tight jeans which are reject blind violence as a way hovah's witnesses have been
moulded like skin to their of life. Some Negro militants hurt thus far, though some-
bottoms" would be expelled responded with bitterness and were quite shaken up. Those
from the country. But Banda's anger. Sporadic violence erupt· dive bombers come very close
crackdown on miniskirts has ed in various parts of the coun· at times and we have had to
been relatively mild when try. - be very careful when we leave
compared to his outrage ex· the home. We have not ven·
tured into any alleys, because
Christian witnesses, who have *
pressed against Jehovah's DlsOl'dersAround the World
The closing days of March
been robbed and raped by the and the opening days of April
this is where most of the Viet
Cong hide out during the day.
thousands. Their places of saw upheavals in many parts But please be assured we are
worship have been burned to of the world. In Poland stu· happy here. Our Christian
the ground by Banda's young dents pointedly ignored ap· brothers here have been noth·
hoodlums; their homes and peals by leaders to return to ing short of precious gems.
storage houses destroyed. A their classes immediately. In· During the first days of the
large number of their women· stead they staged a sit·in at attack. they would take turns
folk have been stripped of Jagiellonian University. Police coming by to see us. And this
their clothes and brutally beat· battled with thousands of stu· was done at the risk of their
en and some of the faithful dent demonstrators in War· Jives. They wanted to see if
have been killed-all because saw. In Czechoslovakia there we were all right or if we
these Christians would not vio· was a change in regime, with needed something, as the mar·
late their religious consciences the younger generation enjoy· kets wcre closed down. A Viet·
to please Banda. Such is the ing the new climate of more namese brother who formerly
quality of Banda's morality. freedom. Israelis crossed the was a Communist demonstrat.
It cannot stand the sight of a Jordan border to raid "terror· ed a faith that was something
miniskirt, but it can uphold ist bases." The United Nations to, behold. Just last week- he
MAY 8, 1968 29
was scheduled to deliver his fifths of the world!s popuIat1()n cathoDe Reform.
first hour Bible lecture. When can neither read nor write. .. Hans Kung, 39-year-old
he left his house, the Com- The charge was made by for- Swiss-born leading Roman
munists were just a couple of mer senior British Colonial Catholic theologian, said
blocks from his home burning OffIce official, Sir Charles Jef- earlier this year that "the Col·
down houses. But with full fries. He stated that, instead of lege of Cardinals is not repre-
confidence in Jehovah, he went winning the fight against illit- sentative of the whole church."
ahead and delivered his talk eracy, the world has been los- Kung has long adVocated in-
anyway. And he did a very ing. The number of illiterate creased freedom and decen-
flne job too. He still has his persons had swollen by 200,- tralization of authority within
home. The Viet Cong did not 000,000 between 1961 and 1966, the Roman Catholic Church.
advance that far: Sir Charles claims. On one o'ccasion this Roman
Catholic priest was bold
Destruetive Hailstorm 'Keep Britain British' enough to liken Roman Ca-
• Giant hailstones, some .. Some British passport tholicism to communism .
weighing as much as two holders in early March found "Are not the resemblances be.
pounds, rained down on the the doors of BrItain closed to tween the Communist and
villages along the Ganges them even though they are Catholic sy!:\tems strikIng?" he
Rlver 'lear Monghyr, India. British subjects. The British asked. "Are not both absolut-
The stonn killed at least 20 Parliament adopted a blll that Ist, centralist, totalitarian, in
persons, and 150 were injured. restricted immigration of short, enemies of human free·
Also, hundreds of houses were Asians from East Africa. The dam?" This leading Catholic
damaged and tiled roofs bill assertedly was aimed at theologian knows the answers
smashed. Many cattle were those of Indian or Pakistani to those questions.
killed. It was the severest origin living in the East Afri-
hailstol"IJjl in living memory, can state of Kenya. They have Ghettos of ReUgton
according to reports reaching been fleeing Kenya since that ~ Ministers in Moorhead,
Monghyr on March 23. nation's policy has become Minnesota, and Fargo, North
'Africa for the Africans,' only Dakota, made some revealing
"Prayers for Bamkel'8" to run into the slogan: 'Keep comments about the atmo·
• Since London's financial Britain British.' Their number sphere in today's churches. One
condition was none too was estimated at anywhere said that a man goes to church
healthy, a church in the city's from 100,000 to 200,000. Even Sunday morning, enjoys the
financial district invited bank- though the bill was denounced fellowship of his congregation
ers In for a special day of as a "shameful" betrayal of and all leave, wanned by the
prayers. A notice posted in British citizens, it was passed, feeling they are all saved-
front of the church said: it was said, to prevent a fur- but once outside, he will in-
"Prayers for bankers." The wardly curse a 'member of the
ther rise of race prejudice. church who blocked his park-
Anglican clergyman in charge
stated: "It would be a good "Carelell8 of Everything" ing space. A Catholic priest
thing it the minds of those said that many of the people
concerned in financial affairs .. The Young Anglican Fel· who attend church are not
are directed at this time to- lowship national convention Christians, but they are
ward the Almlghty." Only two recently held in Brisbane, Aus- churchgoers. They have are·
bankers showed up. tralia, revealed a bad church ligion as they have a job, be-
record. An Intensive investiga- long to a social club or a
Dogs Play Sick tion was urged to find out bowling team. They do not
.. According to Dr. Lin Yong, why Anglicans had the worst know what Ufe gospel really
a veterinarian in Taiwan for church attendance record of is anymore. And another min-
the past twenty years, dogs the nation. It was revealed Ister stated that people do not
sometimes pretend to be sick that 43 percent of Anglicans want the church to change.
as a means to get their mas· had not been in church for at People want God to bless them
ter's attention. Dr. Yang said least a year. Aptly worded as they are. If Jesus Christ
some dogs' refuse to eat for was the statement made by came back to Fargo-Moor-
as long as a week or even the chairman of the conven- head, The Forum reported the
shed tears when they think tion, J3ishop Donald Shear- minister as saying, and began
they are neglected. man, who ,commented: his ministry here, we would
"There's no doubt about the "crucify" him in less time than
MUllons Cannot Read dear old C of E (Church of it took in Palestine, because
.. It may seem incredible that EnglandJ-it stands for 'Care- we've got mass communica-
in this twentieth century two- less of EVerything.'" tions today.
30 AWAKEI
~ San&ly Sehool tnstallec! at St. Paul's Roman hated to hear them shout:
.. When God was "taken out" Catholic cathedral. The ges- 'Bingo!' Prizes now go only to
of the public school system in ture was Viewed as "a memo Winners who shout Am~!' or,
America by a Supreme COurt orable and historic fact in 'Hallelujah!' The priest stated
decision, a great cry was church cooperation." that he thoroughly enjoys call·
raised In protest. Now, some Nun Tells Why ing out the numbers, especial·
Canadians have gone even
farther. They have "removed"
+A Roman Catholic nun, ly so now when the audience
give the new shouts. Do the
Marian Peter, says she aided
God from Sunday school. Since Communist guerrillas in Gua· new shouts make the gambling
Sunday is a most convenient temala because she refused to practice in church any less
day of the week, members of "become a hypocrite hiding abominable?
the Hwnanist Fellowship 01 behind the easy facade of a
Montreal conduct classes on woman dedicated to God." The worltrs Best Sener
Sunday for their children. The 3S·year·old nun was one of • Figures released by the
classes attempt to explain seven American Roman Catho- United Bible Societies in 1967
causes for world happenings lic missionaries called back reveal that at least one com·
in human terms. This is from Guatemala because they plete book of the Bible has now
offered as Ii rational alterna· helped Communists fighting been published in 1,326 Ian·
tive to organized religion. the American.supported gOY· guages and dialects around the
ernment. world, an increase of 46 over
Episcopal Bishop Installed last year's count of 1,280. The
.. In the name of ecumenism From "Bingo" to "Amen" report shows 242 languages in
many strange things have .. A published United Press which the entire Bible has been
happened within the Roman Inte·rnatlonal dispatch says published, 307 languages that
Catholic Church in recent that the priest of St. Michaels have a whole "Testament,"
years. On February 10 the in Salisbury, England, did not and 777 languages with at
Episcopal coadjutor b\shop of. m\nd pa-rl.sh\oners playing least one complete book of
Pittsburg-h. Pennsvlvania. was bingo at the church. But he the ScrIptures.
800,000 RECORDS!
So popular are the orchestral record-
ings of the Bongs "Singing and Ac-
companying Yourselves with Music
in Your Hearts" that already over
80 thousand sets have been sent out.
These 119 songs in the songbook of
the same name are recorded on ten
monaural 12-inch vinyl long-playing
records. Get your set today. Only
92/- (for Australia, $11.00; for
South Africa, $9.00).
.. r .... ... ..
WATCH TOWER THE RIDGEWAY LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me the set of ten orchestral recordings of the songs ·'Slnglng anti Accompanying
Yourselves with Music In Your Hearts:' I am enclosing 92/_ (for Australia, .'/ill.OO; for South
AfrIca, $9.(0).
Street and Number
N~' or Route and Box .
Postal
"""
Town .. DIstrIct No. County ..
MAY 8, 1968 81
Some people use the argument
"Seeh-.g is believing" to deny the
existence of God since they can·
not see him. Is this reasoning
sound? There are many organisms
invisible to the naked eye yet
proved by various scientific means
to exist. So it is with God. Though
we cannot see him with the physi·
cal eye, there are many ways to
prove beyond all reasonable doubt
that he does exist, in fact, that he
is responsible for our very exis·
tence. Did you think it is impos·
sible to prove man's creation?
Have you ever considered such
proofs in comparison with those
advanced in favor of evolution?
The results will amaze you. Send
for the two books listed below and
opem up an entirely new view of
life. Both for only 6/6 (for Aus·
tralia, 75c; for South Africa, 53c).
32 A WAKE!
Unforgettable Moments of Pleasure
n. BIM. 1""11.,1,"" "u'arly "sod In HA".to:" /, tho N•• World lr.n,toHo" of t~. H.ly Sorlplum, 1~61 r;itlon,
Wh,. "thor l,an.(.tI~ns oro "ed, Ihl. i> 'I,,".I~ ... ,hd.
CONTENTS
Unforgettable l\Ioment~ of Pleasure' 3 You Can Teach Your Cl1i1dren to Re'ad '0
Loven; of Pleasur('~ Rathel' tlFln
Lovers of GOd--Ci Warning Sign 6 Kingdom Ministry School
Overflows with Benefits 23
Lubricants· ·-Man·~ ElIident Servants 11
Mail III the Uni1ed States 15 "Your Word Is Truth"
Is the Book of Jonah lIistorkal? 27
Indla's V<Jri('d 8Ul'Iili Rites 16
:\1m;t Popu!OIjS Cr('ilturc 19 \\Tat{'hing the \VOt ld 29
"It i$ already the hour for you to aWQke."
-Romans 13:11
A
s A IOVin~~ ');t
ent you want ~~ e
to do all you can
to prepare your children for adult life. If
they are truly going to progress, th('y
need to be able to read, and to do it well.
This may call for personal help on YOUT
part. How wen do your children read?
Have y{)u evcr sat down with them and
encouraged them to rcad to you from a words which mean the same thing, then
book, such as the Bible? You might be words which have opposite meanings.
surprised at what you find. If they are not Four out of nve applkants can't pass the
able to read fluently and with good com- test-and we don't generally give the test
prehension, the time to learn about it is to anyone who doesn't have' at least a high
now. school diploma." Arthul' S. Trace, Jr.,
Perhaps you live in a country where an as'i:.ociatc professor of English, wrot('
there is a publiC educational system that that about "a third of our high school
provides reading instruction for school-age students can't read well and that between
children, and yOU may be satisfied with eight and eleven million of our' citizens
the results of that instruction. In the are fUnctional jlliterntes."
United Stat01'\, however, there are many Not wanting their children to grow up
parents who arc not satisfied. The maga- without being able to read \vell, many pal'-
zine U.s. Netc.'! &; World Report for June ents try to tNch their children the art
12. 1967, made the following comment: of reading at homQ. Some begin before,
"There is disturbing evidence that mi.Uions their children start schooL Other" ha\'e
of youngsters are being graduated from felt it necessary when th('y discovered
high school with only the barest reading that their children W01'e not l'endit\g "at,'i>-
ability. That evidenc~ is bolstered by re- factorily after being in school several
ports from many colleges that 25 percent years, If you want to teach yom chHd)'e-n
or more of their students are gravely to read, you can do it, but you will nC'ed
deficient in reading." to be patiE'nt and \\Iming to take 1he time
This magazine went on to quote from a necessary to do it.
spokesman for a national chain of depart-
ment stores as saying; "'VVe -give a pre- Letter Recognition
employment test in two parts, readihg and Although children as young as one year
arithmetic. The reading part is very sim- old can be taught to rer:ognize a few words
ple. We test them on word recognition. that have been written in lal'go letters
It's a multiple-choice test. They select and pronounced loudly, actual ability to
A W,lKE_'
20
read cannot begin tUltil a child is able to Now add to the strip of printed letters
utter the speech sounds of a language. the capital and lowercase letters as they
The speech sounds of most languages appear in handwriting. While teaching
are represented by written letters and so him to recognize the letters in this form,
have written alphabets. Some Oriental lan- have him practice writing them. The art
guages, however, use symbols to repre- of writing is so closely associated with
sent spoken words, requiring memoriza- reading that it should be taught at the
tion of thousands of symbols. In English same time. Frequent reviews will help to
all that need to be memorized are twen- fix the names of the letters in the child's
ty-six le'tters and the approximately for- mind. It is only a matter of practice for
ty-four sounds they represent, as well as recognition of the letters to become auto-
a few words that are exceptions to the matic. But in order to read he must learn
general rules. About 85 percent of English the sounds they represent.
words respond to the sounds represented
by their letters. Teaching the Sounds
Once the sounds of the letters are Once your child has learned the sounds
learned a child can read written words he represented by the letters of the alphabet,
has never before seen. If they are in his he will be able to read all the words in
speaking vocabulary, he will know what his speaking vocabulary and all those he
they mean. If not, he can ask his parents understands when someone speaks to him.
for their meaning, and when he has This represents quite a number of words,
learned to use a dictionary, later on he A child that is only six years old may
can look them up. With this knowledge have several thousand words in his under-
he has the means for constantly increasing standing vocabulary, and this grows with
his reading vocabulary and for improving the age of the child. As he gradually ac-
his reading ability. quires ability to give the letters their prop-
er sounds, his reading ability can grow
FiJ'st Steps Toward Art of Reading rapidly.
Now suppose you have a ehild that you With twenty-six letters in the English
want to teach how to read. Where would alphabet, where are you going to begin
you begin? The logical place would be teaching the sounds of the letters? It is
with the letters of the alphabet. On a best to start with the five vowels-a, e, i,
strip of paper print the letters in their a and u. Since each vowel represents more
proper sequence, showing the capital let- than one sound, you are likely to confuse
ters as well as. the lowercase letters. Take the child if you try to teach him all the
a few at a time. When he learns to recog- sounds right away. Instead, begin with
nize these, move on to a few more, until only the short sounds of the vowels, but
the entire alphabet has been learned. do not try to isolate them. Such isolated
Make a game of it by having the child sounds are not heard when English is spo-
find from among alphabet blocks the let- ken. Choose words that use them, and
ters you name. You can also have him look pronounce each word for the child as he
at a printed page and point out the letters looks at it, having him repeat it.
you ask him to find. Reverse the proce- Make this interesting for him by ac-
dure by having him name the letters to companying the words with pictures of
which you point. what they -represent. The word "ant," un-
MAY .29., 19G8 21
der a picture of the insect, can be used to en the bond between yourself and the
illustrate the short sounding "a." For the child. He is made to feel that you are
short sounding He" use the word "egg." truly interested in him.
The word ."ink" can be used to illustrate With experience and practice he will
the short sounding "i," and a playful at· soon learn how to break words into sylla-
ter would be fine for the short smmding bles automatically and swiftly. Even effi-
"0." For the short sounding "u" an um- cient adult readers use an automatic in-
brella could be used. Having pictures for ner pronunciation by syllables, although
each word helps him to recognize the they give no evidence of it by lip or
word and to get used to the sound of the tongue movement. .
first letter of each. The child's r(>ading vocabulary will
With his having learned the short sound grow rapidly when he becomes able to
of the five vowels, you can move on to figure out the pronunciation of words by
teaching him the consonants. Most of breaking them down into syllables. The
them have only one sound. Using the more reading he does the more words he
same method as with the vowels, choose will learn and the more familiar thE'Y \viJ1
simple words that can be illustrated and become to him.
that have vowels with the short sounds. There are some irregular words contain-
As he makes progress with these words ing silent letters that do not lend them-
you can introduce the other vowel sounds selves to being figured out phonetically.
one by one, using short words to ~lustrate such as the words bought, receipt and
them. The same procedure can be followed laugh. These he will have to learn to re('-
with the few consonants that have more ognize. Other words that may have only
than one sound. one or two silent le.tters can be pronounced
phonetically by learning to ignore the si-
Sounding the Syllables lent letters, as in the words debt, gu.·ord,
What greatly helps a child to read gnat and knife. With practice he will learn
words even those he has never before to read these word'> correctly.
seen, is his learning how to break them You can intensify the child's desire to
up into syllables. So select words that con- read if you set a good example for him
tain more than one syllable, such as king- by reading good books and magazines
dom, culture, manifest, and so forth. yourself. If he never sees you reading
Help him to see how such words can be and finding enjoyment in it, he will likely
pronounced by covering all but the first conclude that the ability to read is not
syllable. When he says that syllable prop- important and he will not make much
erly, uncover the next one and so on Wl- effort to acquire it.
til the entire word is uncovered. Patiently Warm approval of his efforts and com-
pronounce the word according to the syl- mendation for his successes are very im·
lable arrangement. With loving patience portant to his progress. Avoid losing your
you will be able to help him learn this patience and giving him the impression
very important step to reading well. that you think he is stupid. If you do,
Furthermore, by sitting close to him, he is likely to stop trying. With these
sharing the same book, giving him words suggestions in mind, you will nnd that
of encouragement and helping him figure you can indeed teach your children to
out words by their syllables, you strength- read, and to read well.
22 AWAKE!
T THE world headquarters of Jeho- years. One recent class could say that its
A vah's witnesses, located in Brooklyn,
New York, a special school provides two-
fifty members had spent, to date, 912
years in doing God's will as dedicated min-
week refresher ('ourses for Christian over- isters--44 percent of their collective life!
seers and their assistants serving in the So it is not surprising that the Bethel fam~
congregations throughout the United ily members are happy to have some
States. It is called the Kingdom Ministry brief association with the students as class
School. Room and board and the study follows class every two weeks.
Course itself are furnished free to the stu- Of course, the Witness headquarters is
dents. The curriculum emphasizes accu- a place that hums with activity, and there
rate Bible knowledge and the application is not too much time for getting acquaint~
of Bible prindples in one's life. ed with the visiting students. To meet
The students, who (Come from all walks this need, however, there is the fine pro~
of life and from a great variety of loca- vision whereby some of the students offer
tions, are delighted at the opportunity to comments on the Bible text for the day
Jive for a short time with the large Bethel at breakfast time, and then t\\'o of them
family, the 897 members of the staff of tell outstanding experiem:es each week~
t.he Watchtower Society. It takes real day at the dinner table. So, with the aid
faith, hmvever, for many of them to at- of closed-circuit television the ,,,hole Beth~
tend the school. Many are not so sure that el family is able to see and hear some~
their secular job will still be available thing from each student. Needless to say,
upon their return. Others have a long, dinnertime is looked forward to \vith real
expensive trip to come to New York. In expectation.
fact, one recent class of fifty students re~
ported that collectively their total mileage With Faith Strengthened
to get to Brooklyn and then back home One student from Michigan told of the
would be 222,026. problem he faced when accepting the in~
Some of the students have already been vitation to come to school: Five children,
many years in the active service of King~ 35 dairy cows and 25 dairy heifers to care
dam preaching, and demonstrate the ma- for seven days a ,veek. What was to be
turity and stability that come with the done? Sell the herd? No; the children
MAY fZ, 191315 23
wanted to keep them and promised to a change he would have to make in his
care for everything. Just then the oldest way of life-a change he felt he could not
son took on a new job that pennitted him make. He would try to back out tactfully.
to spend more tjme helping around home. He tried every method he could think of
And the oldest daughter was suddenly to discourage the weekly visits of the Wit-
put back on part~time work. To top it ness, even to turning off the heat in cold
off, the members of the local congregation weather and asking many irrelevant ques-
offered their help with the herd mornings tions. The Witness continued the study,
and evenings. With deepened appreciation showing great patience. So much so that
of Jehovah's direction, the dairyman came the student could now say to the Bethel
to the Kingdom Ministry School. family: "I can now appreciate the need of
Then there was the post~office em· showing pat.ience with those who show
ployee who had to ask for time off in De· enough interest to get started in a Bible
cember, the most difficult time of the year. study."
First, he had to explain why to his super~ Another student recalled how, when
visor. The two~\veek leave was granted. he was home on shore leave, his sister
Then the head of the accounting division gave him a copy of the Watch Tower So-
canceled the leave on the ground that ciety's book "Let God Be True." Back
"being off in December was unheard of." aboard ship he got to l"f'ading it night
Again explanations had to be offered, and and day. At the end of the book he noted
again leave was granted. Then, just be~ the addresses of the Society's branch
fore the time for departure, canYe a sub~ offices in many lands. In Turkey he could
poena to appear as a witness in connec- not make contact sinCf' there was no
tion with a robbery. But the result was street address, but in Greece he managed
that, in addition to the supervisor and to visit the Witnesses in Ath('ns three
the head of the accounting division, the times, and was convinced that he had
director of finance, the assistant post- found the truth about God's will and pur~
master and the local U.S. attorney all poses. When his ship returned to the
learned that the purpose of the leave of United States, he had but one thing in
absence was to attend a school for minis- mind-to find the Witnesses. He spied a
ters. piece of paper on the street that looked
like one that. had been tucked inside the
How They Got Startl'd ((Let God Be True" book. It advertised a
Some of the ministers told how they public lecture, and, sure enough, it was by
first became interested in serious Bible one of Jehovah's witnesses. He was just in
study. One from Alabama told that one of time, and that was the first of many meet-
Jehovah's witnesses happened to call at ings he attended even before he was dis-
a home where he was visiting and asked charged from the Navy and df'dicated his
the householder if he knew God's name. life to Jehovah God. How thankful he was
The subsequent discussion brought out that the publications of the Society con-
another surprising point from the Bible tain addresses and that handbill, invita~
-not all righteous persons will go to tions are distributed generously!
heaven. His interest thoroughly aroused, A student from Arizona recoWlted his
be gladly accepted the offer of the Wit~ experience. Right after his marriage hE'
ness to come and help him study his Bible. was sent out to the Philippines, and dur-
Soon, however, he began to realize what ing his absence his wife became a dedi-
2-1. AWAKE.'
cated witness of Jehovah. One day a pack- call and conduct Bible studies with these
age came from his wife. The first thing he men.
thought of was food. He opened it up, and The overseer of a congregation in New
it was food all right-food for the mind. Mexico told about the happifying results
The package contained two of the Watch from casually witnessing to fellow em-
Tower publications. He was quite disap- ployees. "During one of their frequent
pointed, for he never did care to read. sales the store I worked for hired a young
After a time his wife again wrote and man to help me with deliveries to a town
asked why he had said nothing about the fifty miles away. As we drove each day
package. He promised he would read the across the desert I questioned him abDut
book\:;. And to prove to her that he was his beli.lCf<3.. On 1~o:rni,n'S h~ wa", Cathclk
reading them he gave her the answers to I asked him to explain his understanding
the questions that appeared at the bottom of some of the doctrines. Since he could
of each page. \Vhen he was home again, not do this, I went on to tell him what
his wife one evening asked if he would the Bible said about various subjects such
like to ('amI' along with her to the King- as the cross, the "Trinity," worship of
dom Hall. He went along, and that meet- images, and so on. He listened, asked ques-
ing convinced him that there is true tions, but would not commit himself.
Christianity. He was grateful to his wife, "He was laid oIT after about twelve of
Ivho had helped him become conscious these trips, and I lost contact with him.
of his spiritual need. Two weeks later he came to the store and
invited me to' come Over and explain to
Using Every Opportunity his wife and two sisters the things I had
Most of the students have family re- been telling him. A study w'!-s started
sponsibilities that must be discbarged right away, and marvelous progress was
faithfully, and that means secular work made. That young man is now an active
and contact with all kinds of people. A witness, and his wife and two sisters
student from Florida expl'ained' that his have even spent two or three weeks at a
job takes him many miles from home and time in the house-to-house preaching of
brings him into touch with supermarket the Kingdom message."
managel's. Being away from home so A student from Tennessee told how he
much made him conscious of the value of overcomes some of the efforts of house-
giving a Kingdom witness at every oppor- holders to brush off the house-to-house
tunity. For example, when invited to at- minister. At one can he mane, \he woman
tend the Kingdom Ministry School he had told him he was wasting his time because
to explain to many of these men that he her household believed in the teachings of
was going to use his vacation to advance a certain evangelist. IIp. asked if he might
his knowledge of the Bible. Many of them speak to her husband. When the man ap-
wel'C quite surprised to learn that he was peared at the dool' this Witness inquired
a minister, and asked him many ques- jf the evangelist whom he followed came
tions. At one store both the store manager in the name of Jehovah. The man said,
and the markets manager wantcd to know "No, he does not." Thpn three scriptures
more about the Bible. They had stopped were offered for his attention, one of
attending church because the Bible was which was John 5:43. The man's attitude
not being explained there. It was an easy changed completely and a first Bible study
matter to arrange for local Witnesses to was conducted with him that very day.
MAY U, 1.9liS
Appreciation resolved to apply ourselves diligently in
The appreciation of these' students using this training to Jehovah's glory,"
who have come to attend the Kingdom "We hope now 10 become better teachers,
Ministry School bubbles over with expres- applying not only the information gained
sions such as these: "We are grateful for here, but also the teaching techniques so
tbe sort of instruction we have received; ably demonstrated here:' "Realizing the
not just facts and figures, but Biblical prin- investment in time, money and careful
ciples that will be a sure guide, not only planning that has been put into this pro-
for ourselves, but also for the members gram. , . it is our firm resolve to apply
of the congregations we serve." "You this investment wis(']y, and with the help
Bethelites rmembers of the headquarters of Jehovah's spirit return a rich spiritual
staffl and Gileadites rthose currently at- increase in Kingdom blessings for our
tending the Watchtower Bible School of respective congregations." "Just as \ve
Gilead for missionary training], we have learned in school that a good talk has a
been watching you! And we like what we few skyscrapers standing out as highlights,
see. Your faithful performance of your so to us the Kingdom Ministry School
varied duties and the maintaining of your stands as the tallest skyscraper to date
productive schedule has amazed and in- in our ministerial career,"
spired us." Yes, God's blessing is w evidently upon
"How marvelous the instructions re- this special school for the advanced train-
ceived daily by those Jehovah has given ing of responsible men in the congrega-
as 'gifts in men' [appoint~d overseers in tions! They can observe the vast amount
tbe congregations]! How upbuiIding the of work done at headquartf'rs in the pro-
daily association with the Bethel family duction of the literature and the direction
and the Gilead students! What a privilege of Witll('s~('s all around the \vorld, They
to hear the daily discussion of the Bible are drawn closer to the multitude of fel-
text for each day by so many mature and low Witnesses who Sf'rve her(" You can
devoted spiritual brothers!" "The quality imagine, too, the great joy experienced by
of the school's instruction reflects the un- the members of the Bethel family to have
deserved kindness of Jehovah. It has given this brief association with fellow minis-
us a view of the Christian organization ters from faraway places. It affords them
and its governing body that has elevated a wonderful opportunity to understand
our whole pattern of thinking." "We ap- better the needs of the preachers of the
preciate the personal interest our King, Kingdom in all parts of the United States,
Chrisi' Jesus, has shO\vn in us through not to speak of those in other parts of the
the earthly organization he is pleased to world, And it is truly inspiring to hear
use for the spread of the thrilling mes- many of those students say what is in
sage of the Kingdom in these days." their hearts, namely, that they are de-
But this wa)'mth of appreciation will termined to improve the quality of their
go much farther than words, This is as- services in the congregations and to aid
sured by some of these expressed in- all to have an increasing share in preach-
tentions of several recent classes: "We ing the good news in obedience to the
have been equipped to give better quality urgent corrunand of Christ Jesus,-Mark
oversight to our congregations, We are 13,10.
26 AWAKE!
but the Bible does not say that it was a
whale that swallowed Jonah. It simply
states, "Jehovah appointed a great fish
to swallow Jonah." But we are told that
"whale sharks have jaws wide enough to
swallow a man" and are "often more than
50 feet long,"l (Jonah 1:17) And the
spenn whale is fully capable of swallow-
ing a man whole. 2 It is indeed of interest
that Joppa, from where Jonah boarded the
ship, was a headquarters for whalers.s And
VER so many modem clergymen dis-
E pute that the book of Jonah is histori-
cal. Thus Bishop Scarlett in The Interpre-
as for Jonah's being preserved alive in the
belly of a fish, since Jehovah preserved
alive three Hebrews in a fiery furnace,
ter's Bible, Volume 6, page 875, states could he not also preserve alive one He-
regarding the book of Jonah: "It is quite brew within a large fish?-Dan. 3:21-27.
apparent that the book is not history, and Among the arguments used to show
obviously it was never intended to be read that the book of Jonah is an allegory rath-
as history." Such assertions are typical er than actual history is its lack of cer-
of those who attack the authenticity of
tain details. But it is only lacking in such
the Bible record, but, as we shall see,
details as Jonah, who was not a secular
that is all that they are-assertions.
historian, did not think important, such
In the first place, let it be noted that as the name of the king of Nineveh and
Jesus Christ, the wisest man and the great- the exact spot where Jonah was spewed
est Teacher that ever lived, regarded the on dry land. But he does mention details
book of Jonah as historical, for he re- that seemed important -to him, such as
peatedly referred to the account of Jonah that it was a decked vessel and that he
to make a point. Jesus asked his hearers
went to sleep in the innennost part of the
to believe on the basis of one miracle that
had actually taken place that another ship.-Jonah 1:3-5.
would take place: yes, he was going to Then, again, it is argued that the book
be raised from the dead after three days is not historical because profane or secu-
just as Jonah on the third day came forth lar history contains no record of Nine-
from the big fish, Likewise to stress the veh's repenting at the instance of a He-
guilt of the people of his day, Jesus re- brew prophet's preaching. But we are not
minded them of the repentant Ninevites to expect pagan historians to record such
to whom Jonah preached, and here was an event, especially since it was humiliat-
something greater than Jonah and they ing to them and they were without faith
were not repenting. Clearly these points in God. As Haley's Bible Handbook ob-
would have carried no weight had Jonah serves: "It is not to be expected.
not been a historical character.-Matt. For ancient kings recorded only their ex-
12,39-41; 16,4. ploits, never their hUmiliations. There are,
The fact is that every argument pre- however, traces that a certain king who
sented against the book of Jonah's being ruled in Jonah's day, did institute reforms
historical can be refuted. True, many similar to those of a certain king of
kinds of whales could not swallow a man, Egypt."
MAY 22, 1968
afford it. And to make it
worse, they'd all close down
in one fell swoop." That does
not seem to disturb the politi-
cians or the people who appear
to view the churches as a pass-
ing tradition.
Abortions
'Woods,
*' According
Illegal
to Dr. E.
professor of obstetrics
C.
and gynecology, about 25 mil-
lion criminal abortions are
parried out throughout the
world eaeh year, with a death
rate of one in 20. In the United
States one survey found that
one in five of all pregnancies
were terminated criminally. In
nisre~JI",(·t, for Authority Catholks Crueified some countries every second
i> On April 12 Dr. Grayson <® On April 12 hundreds of pregnancy is terminated erim·
Kirk, president of Columbia Roman Catholie Filipinos inally. Dr. Woods said it cost
Univcr!;ity, ~aid that "in many flogged themselves and crud- the British gove'rnment about
ways our society is in a more fied at least two persons to S6 million a year as part of
perilous ('ondition than at any imitate the last sufferings of Ow national health service to
time since the convulsive con- Jesus Christ. Those fastened repidr damage done to pa·
fliet between the !;tates a cen- to large wooden crosses were tients during illegal abortions.
tury ago." He went on to !;ay left hanging until they lost
F1ight from Farms
that disrespect lor law and
uuthority has reached such a
consciou!;ness and then wet'e
taken down. Others flogged 'countryside
*' A growingtoexodus from the
the cities is
level of acceptance that "its themselves in processions be-
natural concomitant. l"eSort to hind masked men dragging taking plaef' in Japan, and
violence, has almost achieved crosses. This they did despite this is causing deep concern
respel't abili ty." "Our young prohibitions by the Roman among Japanese economists
people, in disturbing :gumbel's, Catholic Church and the gov· and fiscal officials, as the hope'
appear to reject all forms of ernment. of national self·sufficiency in
authority, from whatever food production rapidly re-
source derived," he said, "and Church Tax Proposal cedes yearly. Both the young
they have taken refuge in a <® The e\even·memher Metro men and the' fanners' daugh-
executive committee backed ters are leaving the farms for
turbulent and inchoate nihilism Japan's throbbing, brightly
whose sole objectives are de- the recommendation of the
Ontario Committee on Taxa· lighted cities. Aecording to the
structive. I know of no time in latr~!;t figures, the number of
tion-the Smith Committee-
our history when the gap be- that churches be taxed 35 per- Japanese tilling the soil has
tween the generations has been {'ent of municipal taxes, in· dropped to fewer than 10 mil-
wider or more potentially stead of being exempted from lion, or just under 20 percent
dangerous." Dr. Kirk envis- taxation as they are now. Es· of the national labor force and
aged "no simple 01' easy solu- timates are that Metropolitan less than 10 percent of the
tion" to avoid "the danger of United Church, on Queen total population. Twenty years
Street in Toronto. Canada, ago, 47.3 percent of the popula-
large-!;cale disorder." fion was employed in agricul-
would have to pay a yearly
Typhuun Jean Strikes ture.
tax of $187,000. The latter part
<® Typhoon Jean swept across of March a spokesman for
the Mariana Islands in the
western Pacific on April 12
the United Church of Canada
!;uid that "the downtown
'tributi
*' Alcohol
Alcohol and Accidents
is the major con·
ng factor in most acci-
after flattening most of Sai- churches would be hit the dental injuries and deaths
pan. Winds of 175 miles an hardest, of course, but even among Indians in Canada, ac·
hour leveled hundreds of build- in smaller communities taxes cording to l7niversity of Brit·
ings and badly wrecked the would be on the average about ish Columhia researchers. Dr.
headquarter!; of the United $6,000 or $7,000 a year and Paul E. Tcrmansen, assistant
States Trust Territory. many parishes just couldn't professor of psychiatry, said
MAY U, lUGS 29
that alcohol is the ma.jor can· usual 50 to 70 days. The doc· and increasing number of peo-
tributing cause in Indian car, tors believe the sound waves ple are starting to question
boat and gun accidents. At· accelerate the movement of the old values. "They no long·
tempted suicides and homicides cells toward the injury. er feel part of a group, part
are frequently related to drink· of a family. part of a nation,
ing. Most acute mental illness An Apostle'lil SkuU part of a church or part of a
in Indians is linked with high + Almost all the newspapers class. They in their loneliness
consumption of alcohol. Many in Cyprus carried items about have to wrest}c out their own
child deaths due to negligent the "skull" of the apostle An· morality and it can't he the
supervision, accidents and fires drew, a disciple of Jesus olt: one."
are also a result of excessive Christ. Originally the Roman
drinking. Dr. Termansen also Catholic Church gave the skull Marlology Blamed
said that the majority of In· to Patras Greece Diocese and + Mrs. Laura Sabia. chairman
dians use alcohol as a method frQm there it was transfcrr'(!d CommitteI'< iOT- -'I'np
1.:>1 t\i'i'
of dealing with emotional to Cyprus. It was transported Equality of Women. asserted
problems. But alcohol is no on the warship "Lion" of the that Christendom's religions
substitute for God's kingdom, Royal Greek Navy on October are largely responsible for the
whkh, not only the Indians, 7, 1967, Literally thousands Qf passive attitude of women. "I
but all men need. people turned out to reeeive criticize my' own Catholk
the skull. among whom was Church for thi' disastrous ('on·
Embezzlers of Church Money Archbishop Makarios and sequences of its Marian sym·
+A former pastor of Wahle. many government. military bolism-Mary as the model for
Germany, embezzled $11.700 and municipal officials and all womC'n. th(' image of pas·
of his church's money. ThE' high·ranking priests. A proces- sivity and docility," Mrs, Sabia
clergyman explained to the sion of cars carried the skull said, "Mariology has been pro·
('ourt that he bought $4,250 to the Apostle Andrew's Mon- moted by a celibate clergy and
worth of literatUre. also spent astery, where it was stationed has led to th(' rejection of
$1.625 on such things as an for general worship. Thou· women as persons." "I become
automobilf', tdevision, dish· sands filed in to see and kiss vi01<,n1'," she said. "when I
washer and washi.ng machine, the sku11. Now it is passed think of th(' celibate bishops
And he admitted that he along from one big church to and ('ardinals shuttling back
squandered sam!.' $5.750 in a another and crowds come to and forth to Rome. discussing
Hann(Jver nightclub. The 44- pay homage to it. The purpose hirth contr(J1 and abortion,
year·old clergyman was finally of all of this is to help increase WitJ1 no married women there
turned over to a psychiatrist the revenue of the Cyprus to give their point of view
for a mental examination. church. Is it really Andrew's openly,"
In another part of Germany skull? This Is not at all
a 65·year·old Calholic clergy. likely, because no one really Church Involvement
man was charged with using knows wh('n or where Andrew + In recent years churches in
$85,000 of the church finances died. Chrjstendom have becomt:'
for personal matters. He reo more vocal on secular issues.
portedly held hack $35.000 Clergyman on "New :\foraJlty" Parishioners have begun to
from contributions. The temp· + A convention of 1,000 teach· react to their ministers' active
tation of materialism provpd ers at thc University of Brit· roles in such things <lS Civil
tQ be 100 much fOI these ish Columbia heard Anglican Ri.'i!;ht'i> an'" \I;>,~ Vi.'i't'i\am W'1.."1.
dergymen. clergyman James McKibbon A poll taken by thc Gallup
state that the "new morality," organization show;; a sharp in·
Healing Sound 'Yave~ involving increased sexual pro· crease over the past decade in
+ The marvels of the human miscuity, homosexuality and
the spread of drugs, is here
the percentage of people who
think churches should "keep
body can be seen in its healing
mechanism and the way it to stay whether society likes out of political questions and
responds to treatment. London it or not. Hp said all the pan· not express views on day·to.
researchers have discovered a tifica Uon of the church and day social and politjeal ques·
way of getting wounds to heal pleadings of the older genera· tions." Fifty·three percent of
iL two~thirds of the normal tion are just whistling in the some 1.500 persons interviewed
, time by bombarding them with wind. "We can't go back to said chul'dws should avoid all
ultra·high·frequency "silent" those nice, small rural towns political and soda! involve·
sound waves. The scientists in Ontario, as nice as those ment, while 43 percent fclt
used the new treatment to towns were," McKiblXln said. they should speak out. The
treat cuts in the ears of rab· "We've moved into an urban re.st had nQ Q'i'>~n~'Un \1)- ""X'PY~'5.
bits. The cuts took only 34 to 46 world and something has hap· First'('('ntury Christians, of
days to heal, compared to the pened to us morally," A vast course, took no part in the
30 AWAKE!
pOlitical affairs of the worid. ment at 64, this mailman from newspaper criticized the move,
They practiced strict neutral· north of Venice, Italy, said he stating that now·vacant
ity, as do Jehovah's witnesses had covered 328,000 miles and churches should be preserved
of today. delivered 35.2 million pounds as historIcal monuments and
of mail. tourist attractions. The local
farmers, however, thought the
'Melbourne,
*' An Anglican
Politician Priest
clergyman in
Australia, has been
A Priest on Marriage
.. "It is ridiculous to assume
area would prove more useful
as a pigsty.
elected unopposed to a subur- that because one is married he
ban city council as an Austra- cannot be a priest," stated World's Births o.nd Deaths
lian Labour Party member. Robert Garcia, Roman Catho· .. On an average, 324,000 new
The clergyman is the priest of lie priest who married a di· babies are born into the world
a combined Anglican, Method- vorcee. There "are many every day. During that same
ist and Presbyterian church, priests" who are married, he day, 10,000 persons, on an avo
and his parish covers virtually said. Garda, refetTing to the erage, will have starved to
the same area as his elector- traditional church, declared: death or died from malnutri·
ate. He Is reported as saying "The institutional church, or tion. In addition, 123,000 per·
that he felt that he had to be- organized religion, is hopeless- sons will die from other rea·
come politically committed, ly outdated." It actually is sons, leaving a net gain of
and has been concerned with "inhuman and unchristian in about 191,000 each day in the
peace·war issues, race rela· many respects," he stated. world. Barring any major ca-
tions and housing problems. tastrophe, the Population Ref-
Pigsty Replaces Church erence Bureau predicted that
'*'
Mailman Mileage
A published Associated
'*' A published Associated
Press dispatch stated that a
the world's total population
would double to 7,000,000,000
Press dispatch stated that before the year 2000. But a
mailman Guido Pianta kept a group of men east of Moscow catastrophe foretold in the Bi·
record of the miles he walked knocked down an old vacant ble may well prevent that, be-
and the weight of the mail he Russian church to make way cause we live in the "last
carried. On reaching retire· for a new pigsty. A Soviet days."
DON'T BE A IIIII!II'IIIII'IIIIIIIIIII!
~-------DROPOUT
Do you give up when confronted with Bible questions?
You need not with uMake Sure of All Thing8; Hold
Fa8t to What 18 Fine.'~ This hardbound handbook of
512 pages contains Bible quotations on 123 basic topics,
with hundreds of subtopics. Get your copy today. Send
only 6/3 (for Australia, 75c; for South Africa, 55e).
"Make Sure of All Things; Hold' Fast to What Is Fine"
,._"_..-,-"-"-"-"--"-"--,---"---"-,-,_._"-"-"-"-,--,---,--"--
WATCH TOWER THE RIDGEWAY LONDON N.W. 7
Ph'ase send me "NJake Sure of AI! Things; Hold Fast to What [s Fine." I am enclOsing 6/3
(for Australia. 75c; for South Africa, SSe).
Street and Number
Nam!' or Route and Box
Post Postal
Town District No. ...... County.
MAY 22, 1968 31
ARE
The_ . . ._~
...
IRRECONCILABLE
Impossible! Why? Because the laws that control
true science were made by the same One who
authored. the Hol~ Bible.
Can you be sure of that? Beyond the question of
any reasonable doubt. How? By a frank and hon-
est comparison.
Have you ever made a serious study of either one
in the light of the other? Now you can. Obtain
and read the two books listed belQw. Your first
hour will convince you that the Bible record can-
not properly be ignored in any evaluation of
scientific truth. Send today,
CONTENTS
Your lIeaUh-1hp Rpsponsibility oJ Prot{'ssional Responsihil ity 22
More t.han One 3
:"lIoses and Man'S Life-Span 22
Misuse of Humans for
.MedIcal EX]>f'riments , Using Good Sense ir. Carini'
What Kind 01 Ocx·tor Treats YO"J? 9 !'or Your Health 23
Exporimenting with Transplants "Human Diinityand Moral Behavior" 25
Not ~ew 12
God's Provision9 to Heal Mankind 26
Heart Transplants POSf"
Stage-mng Problems 17 Watching the World 29
"It il olrtlady 1he hour for ~O. to GWGKe."
_Roon.M 13,11
HAT a blessir.g good health is! There rr:ore moderate habits, you rr:ay well be·
W is so much that can be accomplished,
so much that can be ach ieved, so much
come a party to medi{'fll pxperim€'ntation~
After years or dependence upon pill'>
that can be enjoyed when one is blessed you may next becom~ the subject of sur-
with good health. However, sad to say, all gical experimenta':fon, which subject has
toe often good health is taken for granted ~lrisen hecame of the rece!1t hpart trans-
until it ha~ been lest Dr seriously enda:"']- plants, AC(,8rdir.g to Science News, March
gel't'd. Then it is but natural to hasten t() 9, 1968. the Board of 7\Iedicine of the
the doctor for help. :\ational Academy of Sciences stated that
But the matter of YOllr health is not even in the most extreme cases, when no
;ust the responsibility of your family doc- other re:nedy is available, the procC'durc
tor; i: is your respons{bWty too. \lIlhile of heart transplants "must be viewed.
heredity has a bparing on your health, clearly for what it is, a scicntlf;c explora-
even more so d:lCS f'nvironmen~, OJ' how tion of the unknO\vn."
you conduct yourself. If you keep OCl vio- All of wl-.lell underscores the responsi-
lating the principles of good sense repeat- hility t~e physician and the surgeon have
edly and then go to your doctor for some iJy reason ct' their unique position of trust.
pills, are you not asking for trouble soon- People come t:> them in need of help and
er or later? so arc ready to put their trust in them.
Besides, by doing so you may well be But these men tire .subject to the failings
laying YOlL"SClf open to be used as an ob- of mankind evcn as are others. What will
;ect of medical experimentation, of which they do? Will they put the interests o!
the press has had much t() say. The manu- their pa1ients firs:, or wiil they rIsk the
facture of dnigs is a commercial business, patient's well-being for the snh of per-
not an altruistic calling, a:1d manufactur- sonal advantage, either in knowledge or
ers are continuaJy delugL"lg tile medical of money?
profession with new produc1.<;. By your What will govern tbeir dccisions?
urging the doctor to give you a pill for fast Should 1t not be the "golden rule"? Sure-
relief, when what you need is sleep 0:- ly! \Ve canr.ot :mprove 0:1 the maxim:
JUNE 8, 1968
"Just as you want men to do to you, do unfortunately, as is true of mankind in
the same way to them." By heeding that general, so too in these professions, not all
rule, neither the patient nor the doctor is ' are always governed by that rule, even as
likely to have cause for complaint. But, the following article shows.-Luke 6: 31.
for
MEDICAL
ternational reputation was EXPERIMENTS
A BROOKLYN lawyer of in-
S AWAKEf
HAT kind of doctor do you
W like to think that your
doctor is? One who is greedy
for selfish gain? One who is
more interested in research
than in people? Hardly! Rather,
you would like to think that
your doctor is a man of prin- shepherd." (Matt. 9:
ciple, who believes in doing to 36, RS) On another
others as be would have them occasion, on seeing
do to him; one who gets satis- friends and relatives
faction out of helping people; in mourning t.he death
short, a doctor who is compas- of Lazarus, Jesus was
sionate. so touched that he himself "gave way to tears."
Compassion has been defined No question about it, he had empathy; he was able
as "a feeling for the sufferings to enter into the spirit and feeling of people around
of others" together "with the him. He was compassionate, keenly desirous of
urgent desire to aid." Surely it helping them. What he himself preached, he prac·
should be a basic requisite of all ticed. "All things, therefore, that you want men to
who would alleviate the suffer- do t.o you, you also must likewise do to them."
ings of humanity, be they gen- -John 11:35; Matt. 7:12.
eral practitioners, surgeons,
specialists, chiropractors or Is He Greedy for Selfish Gain?
psychiatrists. Probably t.he greater part of those in the healing
The greatest Teacher and professions manifest to an extent the fine qualities
HC'aler ever to walk the carth, of doing to others as they would have others do to
Jesus Christ, the Son of God, them and of showing compassion. However, even
was truly compassionate. Con· as some who were supposed to look after the people's
cerning him the Bible says that welfare in the first century were greedy for selfish
"when he saw the crowds, he gain, so today. (Luke 16:14) There is, of course,
had compassion for them, be~ nothing wrong with earning a comfortable living
cause they were harassed and while bringing relief to ailing humans. But it is
helpless, like sheep without a something else for anyone to exploit the suffering
JUNE 8, 1968 9
and misery of others for the sake of selfish 18 He Too Much Fascinated by,Research!
gain, as when an unnecessary operation is Also lacking in empathy and compas-
recommended or perfonned, or a very sim- sion, though undoubtedly less censurable
ple operation is presented as haXing been than the foregoing, are those doctors with
a very complex and serious one. Doctors whom their practice is more a matter of
who do these things might rationalize the mind than of the heart. These are the
theIr course by noting that ever so many healers who are overly fascinated by the
people today are motivated by greed scientific search for knowledge. For them
for selfish gain, and in a way this may this quest seems to be an end, rather than
largely be true. But is it doing to others a means to the end of bringing relief to
as one would have them do to one? Far suffering humanity. These meq become
from being compassionate, is it not be- more fascinated by theories and experi-
traying a patient's trust? ments than by the prospects of doing good.
That such men are not as rare as one It might be said that these men belong
could wish is apparent from the fact that more in the scientific laboratory than in
repeatedly men in the medical profession a hospital or doctor's office or at a pa-
itself feel the need to speak out against tient's bedside.
such abuses. For example, there are the Concerning this tendencY among some
books The Interns (1965), Deplorable modern doctors, the British physician
Doctors (1965) and The Healers (1967). Pappworth says in his book, Human
In the latter book the author, a gynecolo- Guinea Pigs: "The degree to which anti-
gist of long standing in United States humanism dominates modern medicine
medical circles, gives many instances of can be judged by the significant fact that
the greed of some of the men in the medi- in most medical reports of patients hav-
cal profession. ing been submitted to experimentation,
The latter two books are to be found the patients themselves are collectively de-
in'the library of the New'York Academy scribed as 'the material.'''
of Medicine, which is careful of the kind No doubt adding to the fascination of
of books it supplies to its members. And research for some is its rewards. Thus Dr.
what is even more disturbing about these H. K. Beecher urged that experiments
books is the fact that the~r authors feared that violated patients' rights be denied
to identify themselves. The books were publication in medical journals. Why? To
written either under admitted anonymity, discourage overeager young researchers
such as by "Dr. Anonymous," or under a out to make a quick name for themselves.
pseudonym, that is, a fictitious or pen' "Every young man knows that he will
name. Regarding the revelationsc'ontained never be promoted to ... a professorship
in the book The Healers) it was reported in a major tne,dical school unless he has
that "many doctors would like to speak proved himself as an investigator."-New
out against bad practices but none felt York Times Magazine) July 2, 1967.
allie to do so without fatally compromis- A typical case of this appeared in the
ing his career with the medical establish- press as recently as March 20, 1968. Mr.
ment." Richard Doyle, a special agent for the
No question about it, in the healing pro- New York State Investigation Commis-
fession, whether orthodox or unorthodox, sion reported: "I found that there were
there are those whose chief concern is, not five [research] projects at Coney Island
helping people get well, but selfish gain. Hospital that did not have the necessary
10 AWAKE/
approval of the COmmiSSioner of HOSpiw its tssue of November 1966, cameo. an
taIs. They all involved patients." He also w11cle entitled "Gan We Teach New
fOWld that "a chief of service at Coney Doctors Compassion?" Then later it
Island spent 100 percent of his time on stressed the point again with a reproving
research, according to grant applications title, a statement made by a patient who
filed by the physicians. Another physi- had lost her husband: ''The Doctor Just
cian spent 80 percent of his time on re- Didn't" Seem to Care!" Among the points
search. Both physicians are required by made by the veteran practitioner were:
their city contracts to supervise their de- "Compassion, I like to think, has helped
partments."-New York Times. many of my patients in their bouts with
sickness." Often a sick patient needs emo-
The Compassionate Physician tional companionship.
How different from the foregoing is the This type of doctor is ready to cooper-
doctor who is compassionate! He does not ate with the Christian witnesses of Jeho-
let the desire for selfish gain interfere vah in their scruples against taking blood
with his ministering to his patients. He transfusions because of the Scriptural in-
does not view his patients as objects for junction: "Keep yourselves free from ...
experimentation. Instead, he has empathy, blood." (Acts 15:29) Conc;erning this
he is able to put himself in the place of problem, Inside Baylor Medicine, No.2,
his patients and to think and feel as they 1968, had, among other things, the follow-
do. He therefore gives to his patients the ing to say: "The challenge of religion
impression that he truly does care, and versus medicine has been well met, and
he does care. He will take the time needed much has been gained. Doctors have
to get an adequate case history, will take learned that they may be called upon to
time to listen to his patient's complaints, modify their management of a patient's
will do his best to explain to his patient illness when there are factors more im-
how he sees the problem and what he rec-
portant to the patient than his own health
ommends and why. He will see his patient
as a whole and not merely view him as a or even his life. The patient's ideals a,nd
case of this illness or that. He is not re- honor must be respected. Sometimes, as
luctant to make a house call if need be, in the case of surgery for Jehovah's Wit-
knowing it may well help him to under- nesses, the modified procedures developed
stand his patient better. In times past can be of wide benefit to other patients."
this type of doctor was far more often to The great Teacher who commanded
be seen than now. that we do to others as we would have
That there is a tendency for some young 'them do to us, also wisely observed:
physicians to veer away from this role of "There is more happiness in giving than
being a compassionate friend is recognized there is in receiving." All doctors who
by the "old-timers" in the profession. Both show empathy and compassion, as did the
in private and in the medical press they open-heart surgeons at the Baylor Uni-
speak out against it. Thus Medical Eco- versity School of Medicine, can hope, in
nomics, said by some to be the medical one way or another, to realize the truth
journal having the highest circulation, in of that principle.-Acts 20:35.
JUNE 8, 1968 11
RANSPLANTS are not new. For about retired dentist, Dr. Philip Blaiberg, the
T a hundred years now surgeons have
been experimenting with them. Not even
heart of a "colored" (racially mixed)
man, Clive Haupt, who was dying of a
heart transplants are new. What is new brain hemorrhage. Blaiberg was dismissed
is experimenting with transplants of from the Groote Schuur Hospital two and
hearts from one human to another. a half months after the operation and at
A now-growing number of patients have latest reports' is writing a book about his
received "new" hearts. On December 3, experience.
1967, at the Groote Schuur (the name On January 7 Dr. N. E. Shumway at
means "Big Barn") Hospital in Cape Stamford, California, transplanted the
Town, South Africa, two surgical teams heart of Mrs. V. White, who died of a
performed the first exp~rimental human massive brain hemorrhage, into Mike
heart transplant. They tOQk the heart of Kasperak, aged fifty-four, who was seri-
dying Miss Denise Darvall, who had been ously ill with a very faulty heart. He sur-
fatally injlU'ed in an auto accident, and vived two weeks and then died of a series
transplanted it into heart patient Louis of complications.
Washkansky, a grocer fifty-five years old. Onl January 16 Dr. Kantrowitz per-
First reports were optimistic, but Wash- formed his second heart transplant, a nine-
kansky died after eighteen days. hour operation, taking the heart of Miss
On December 6 Dr. Adrian Kaptrowitz Helen Kouch and transplanting it into
at the Maimonides Hospital, Brooklyn, Louis Block, a heart patient. "The donated
New York, replaced the fatally defective heart was too small to handle Block's cir-
heart of a two-and-a-half-week-old baby culation and Block died hours after sur-
boy with the heart of a three-day-old baby gery."2
boy who had been born with a fatal brain The sixth heart-transplant operation
defect. "All vital signs appeared favorable. took place in Bombay, India, on February
But inexplicably, 6 and % hoW's after 16, 1968, when' Dr. P. K. Sen and his
closure, the transplanted heart ceased to forty-five-man surgical team took the
beat."l heart of a nineteen-year-old woman who
On January 2, 1968, Dr. C. Barnard, iiI was scarcely alive after a fall and trans-
South Africa, performed his second heart planted it into a fanner suffering from a
transplant. He gave a fifty-eight-year-old fatal heart malady. Dr. Sen said "the op-
12 AWAKEI
eration was technically successful, but critical of the publicity connected with it.
death came three hours later from a lung ~us Dr. P. ~. Spear, Director of Medi-
infection."8 ~me of a leadmg New Y..ork City medical
On April 28 at the Hospital de la Pitie, mstitution, complained:
Paris, a team of surgeons perfonned the
"It Is indeed unfortunate that my surgical
seventh heart·transplant operation. They co.l1eagues in South Africa, Stanford and
took the heart of accident victim, 23-year. Brooklyn have succumbed to the blandish.
old Michael Gyppaz and transplanted it ments of publicity. Neither the interests
into retired 66-year-old Qovis Roblain. of medicine nor of the public are served ....
Such premature reports of medical reo
He died 51 hours later, not having re- ~e,arch can only serve 'to raise false hopes
gained consciousness. ' ill'thousands of victims of intractable heart
Since then, reports of more of these disease. It would be closer to the highest
operations have continued to be made. sdentitic traditions of the medical pro.
fes!';ion to . . . refrain from making grand.
Fires Imagination of PubliC-But stand plays to the public until thcre is more
Solid accomplishment upon which action ean
The first heart transplant (from human be based."4
to hwnan) ,110 perfonned by Dr. C. Bar-
nard, was hailed iri the press as "The Even stronger criticism was voiced by
Heart: Miracle in Cape Town." It was many, especially heart surgeons, on the
further described as "opening a new era basis that heart-transplant operations at
in medicine," Doctor and patient alike it this time were altogether premature.
was said, "have been catapulted irre~o Thus Dr. J. Ankeney, surgeon at the
cably into a new transplant age by the Western Reserve University School of
Cape Town operation."1 MediCine in Cleveland, stated: "Tremen-
On the baSis of his apparently success- dous interest has been built up in some-
ful operations, Dr. C. Barnard became an thing that hasn't been proven .... I think
international celebrity overnight. He 'vis- there are many physicians in the country
ited the United States and its president that are disturbed by what's going on."o
and appeared on TV. Later he took a tour Dr. C. P. Bailey, one of America's fore-
in Europe. Two colleagues accompanied most open-heart surgeons, stated that
him, and he took along a Cape Town fash- heart-transplant operations were at least
ion photographer to make pictures for his a decade premature. And one of Canada's
coming autobiography. During his inter- leading heart surgeons. Dr ..Jacob Horo.
view with Pope Paul VI, Dr. Barnard ex- witz, said: "I don't think it is moral to
pressed concern about the moral aspects experiment on humans ... I don't think
of heart transplants. The pope, however, t?ey will last .... There are just too many
assured him, saying: "I bless your tIssues that can reject the heart. Trans-
achievement/ and I invite you to proceed plants have never really been successful
along the same road, as you have until on animals. Why should doctors try the
now."~ same thing on hUmans?"8
Sensational as this news seemed' to be In a similar vein are the observations
it was by no means met with equal en~ of Dr. G. E. Burch, president elect of an
~husiasm by leaders in the medical pro- American association of heart surgeons:
fession. For one, thing, many were highly "I would not select any patient for a car-
• In 1964 Dr. J. D. Hardy took tile heart of a chim- diac transplant, because once you take his
pan?-ce and tranSPlanted it into a very sick man. The own heart out, you know he's going to
operation was "technically sucressfUl"' but thc patient
dled utter two hours. die."n And said Dr, Werner Forssmann,
JUNE 8, 1968
13
one of Germany's leading heart surgeons the meeting of the Amer1can COllege or
and a Nobel Prize winner, regarding heart Cardiology insisting that his operations
transplants: "Unethical. Medically 00- were not premature, the fact remained
sOWld. Criminal. "7 Many voices have also that all the dogs on which he perfonned
been raised against heart transplants in heart transplants died within a year.
Great Britain, and the medical profession What is this "fantastic problem of
in Russia has so far refused to have any- immunity," this 'double-edged threat of
thing to do with hwnan heart transplant- rejection-infection'? Simply this, that the
ing. Creator endowed the body with various
powers to protect itself from invasion by
Experimenting with Transplants foreign bodies. Among these are the
Why have so many voices been raised, phagocytes, white corpuscles in the blood
not only objectipg to the Wldue publIcity, that devour harmful bacteria. Another is
but also stressing that heart transplants the formation of antibodies by which the
are premature? Because the problem is body rejects all foreign tissues, known as
not primarily technical but biological. the principle of immWlology. The forces
What does that mean? In brief, it is of imrhooology or rejection can be weak-
easier by far to transplant a heart than ened by means of certain drugs, but it
it is to keep the patient alive for any appears to be impossible to weaken the
length of time after the "technically suc- forces of rejection without also weakening
ce~ful" operation. the body's defense system against invad-
Thirty-eight years ago a leading Cana- ing bacteria. It appears that Dr. C. Bar-
dian heart surgeon, Dr. J. Markowitz, per- nard has had a measure of success in
formed a successful heart transplant from balancing these opposing forces, as is ap-
one dog to another. The dog that received parent by his second patient's being alive
the heart transplant remained alive for after several months.
six days. In the past three years Dr. Bar- This problem has been plaguing sur-
nard performed this operation on fifty geons ever since they began, in the latter
dogs, so as to perfect his technique. Yes, part of the nineteenth century, to graft
"long before they operated, the surgeons skin 'from other persons onto patients who
who have performed heart transplants had been badly burned. It was found that
knew that the actual surgery, though te- while the patient's own skin or that of
dious and difficult, would be the easy an identical twin "took," if the skin came
part."8 from some other person the body sooner
Then why wait so long? Why did not or later rejected it. By the time of World
Dr. J. Markowitz at once proceed to trans- War I these facts had been firmly estab-
plant hearts from one hwnan to another? lished, but it was first thirty years later
Because of what has been termed the that it was learned why the body rejects
"double-edged threat of rejection and in- foreign tissue, because of the principle of
fection." As another leading United States immWlity, a defensive process.
heart surgeon put it: "Until we overcome With skin grafts this has not been too
the fantastic problem of immunity, we'll great a problem for two reasons. The body
have a tremendous mortality rate from usually tolerates these longer than other
transplants. So, until we improve the state grafts. And then, too, their need is gener-
of the art, I say the risk is toogreat."9 And ally only temporary, Wltil the body again
while Dr. C. Barnard gave a lecture at grows its own skin. Also in a slightly more
AWAKE!
14
favorable position than other kinds of taln ~ the glands. As of this wrttmg tn:ree
transplants ar-e those of the cornea, the baby gtrls. two years old or less, have
outer shell of the eye, as it were. It is re- transplanted. Hvers, one as long as nine
POrted that about 3,000 of such corneal months.
transplants are perfonned each year in Far more frequent have been kidney
the United States alone. These are taken transplants. Throughout the world a total
from deceased persons and must be re.- of 1.,200 ot these have been performed, and
moved within three hours after death and it is estimated that between 600 and 700
utilized within tweny-foW' hours. It is of these are still alive. But here again
said that the measure of success they have there is a sobering side to the story. Al:.-
enjoyed has been largely due to the fact cording to a late report, the kidney trans--
that the cornea has no blood vessels-or plant "procedure remains experimental,
the pupil could not have unobstructed vi- with less than a 50-50 chance of function-
sion through it. The oxygen and nutrition ing more than a year if a related donor
the CQrnea needs are absorbed from ad- is used." Actually 43 percent of kidneys
joining tissues or membranes. taken from close blood relatives are fIDle-
Even though thousands of corneal tioning after one year, but only 19 per-
transplants may be performed each year, cent of kidneys taken from unrelated per-
the results still leave much to be desired, sons and only 10 percent of kidneys taken
even as can be seen from the following from persons having just died. (Miss J)e..
sobering report: HPoor Ratio of Success in nise Darvall furnished not only a' heart
Eye Transplants. Much excitement sur- for Louis Washkansky but also a kidney
roWlds the successful transplant of- an eye for a ten-year-old boy.)
cornea and the restoration of human vi- Because of the high risks involved one
sion. But the sequel is seldom told. Forty of the leading kidney transplanters in the
percent of corneal transplants do not re- United States, Hume, for the past ,three
main transparent and thus are eventually years has refused to transplant any kid-
unsuccessful." Regarding this factor' the neys from unrelated donors. And Science
report quoted Dr. David Patton, associate News) July 15, 1967, told that the nurses
professor of ophthalmolOgy at Johns at Aarhus Hospital, the only one in the
Hopkins University School of Medicine, as Netherlands where kidney transplants are
saying: "The relative few dramatic suc- made, have refused to give any further as-
cesses with graft and protheses [artificial sistance in kidney-transplant operations.
grafts] overshadow the deficiencies in )Unong the reasons the nurses gave ~
graftIng techniques and the dearth of that "they feared transplant operations
knowledge as to how foreign tissues and involved interference with bodies before
substances can be made to fonn a com- they could be considered dead according
patible union with the cells of the patient's
to internationally accepted criteria."
eyes."u,
Among other kinds of transplants sur- Transplant Complications
geons have been experimenting with are In view of the foregoing transplant rec-
those of the organs of the bpdy. There ord it is not at all difficult to understand
have been several transplants of lungs; in why so many heart surgeons, in particu-
one the patient)ived for eighteen days, in lar, have exPressed serious doubts regard-
another, fot" seven days. There have also ing heart transplants. The main problem,
been transplants of the spleen and of eer- that of the body's tendency to reject for-
JUNll 8, 1968 15
eign bodies, nas not been solved. It simply millions of heart sufferers. The problems
is not possible, under the present state of of heart transplanting have been well stat-
knowledge, to weaken the body's irrimu- ed by the British Medical Jaurnal, Janu-
nological defenses without making it ex- ary 13, 1968:
tremely susceptible to infection. Dr. Bar- "The recipient must have a mortal afflic-
nard's first patient died after eighteen tion, in order to be a candidate for trans·
days from double pneumonia. The British plantation and the donor must be dead
before the organ is removed. The conditions
Medical News (January 5, 1968) quoted impose considerable difficulties of organi·
him as saying that his patient died be- zation of the surgeons. It is necessary to
cause the drugs given him to combat re~ perfuse and remove the organ to be trans·
jection ,so weakened him that he was un- planted within minutes of death to prevent
able to fight off the pneumonia. the organ from deteriorating while thE'
recipient is being operated on. This reo
Among other complications that result quires a large team of skilled surgeons,
from organ transplants is what is known expensive equipment, and the presence of
as "transplant lung." It appears that the a suitable recipient, at a time which cannot
drugs used to combat the body's efforts be predetermined when a donor becomes
available. The complications that follow
to reject a foreign kidney may cause organ transplantation and immunosup·
the body to try to reject its own lungs. pressive therapy are numerous and often
Because of this it is necessary to watch grievous."
patients very carefully so as to detect It would seem, therefore, that more at-
this condition as soon as possible and tention should be given to alternatives
then remedy it by cutting down on the that may be less glamorous but are more
amount of drugs given,. "because many of practical and widely applicable. There are
these patients develop secondary infec- such, and it is indeed unfortunate that the
tions and die. "ll sensational heart transplants have result-
Still another transplantation hazard ed in drawing attention away from them.
just recently noted in the effect of immu- For example, for some thirty years now
~osuppressive drugs, as they are called, is VI'. C. S. Beck, a Cleveland surgeon, has
their tendency to play havoc with the mended hearts suffering from deficient
bones. Thus one report told that of twenty- blood supply simply by opening the heart
seven patients that had received kidney sac and scratching the surface of the
transplants "ten developed debilitating heart, which in self-defense builds up an
increased blood supply.
changes in the hip, shoulder or knee .
Another technique has been developed
Nine patients were left limping. The trans-
by Dr. A Vineberg, a Montreal surgeon.
plant has prolonged these patients' lives, He frees certain minor arteries of the
but they are no longer able to hold jobs. chest and implants them in the heart
This complication suggests the need to re- muscle. This type of operation, with vari-
evaluate postoperative management."" ations, is among the most common types
of corrective heart surgery being per-
Are There Alternatives? formed in the United States and Canada.
Even if heart transplants were biologi- Each year some 2,000 of such operations
cally successful and morally and religious- are being done on adults.
ly acceptable to all persons, which they Then, again, ·another team of doctors
are not, their conditions make them avail- had been able, with use of recently im-
able for but a tiny fraction of the world's proved X-ray techniques, to cut out the
16 A WAKE!
damaged part of heart arteries and to, re-- wnat may mat be? They do not raise the
place them with parts of veins taken from ethical, moral and religious problems that
the patient's own thigh. Of fltty-one per- heart transplantation does, not to say any-
formed so far, forty-nine have proved sue- thing of the abuses that it makes possible.
ce;ssful, supplying the heart with needed Just what these are will be considered in
blood. Of course, one reason for these be- the next article.
ing so successful is their being autografts.
The grafts coming from the patient's own REFUENCES
body, there is no problem of'rejection or 1 Medical World New,", January 12, 1968.
2 Bcience News, January 20. 1968.
infection and so no need to use dangerous .; Bcl61lCe News, March 2, 1008.
4 Newsweek, Decembe,' 18. 1967.
immunosuppressive drugs. ~ Time, February 9. 196!!.
And let it be noted that all such alter- 6 New York TimeB, January 16, 1968.
7 The NatlOflal Observer, January 22. 1968.
natives, and others that might be men- 8 Toronto, ClIJlada. Dail_v Slur, January 11, 1968.
tioned, have a still more powerful reason 9 Science News, Man:h 16, 1%8.
10 Ch!ce.go Daily News, De~ember 12, H167.
to be preferred to heart transplants. And 11 M!1dical World News, }<~f'bruary 16, 1968,
Demnansp
T IS difficult to portray,.acClU'ately all
I the moral and legal implications of
heart transplants. For example, there is
the question of who is qualified to per-
form the operation. Thus one press dis-
Pose
patch told that, "fearing a mass rush to
the operating table by unqualified sur-
geons who want to join the heart trans-
plant club, the American College of Car-
diology urged today that doctors take a
go-slow attitude toward the procedure. "1
This "College," which consists of Amer-
ica's foremost heart surgeons, announced
that it would be setting guidelines as to
who is qualified to transplant hearts. Skill matter, for example, the fact that Clive
no doubt had something to do with the Haupt's blood and tissue matched Philip
measure of success that Dr. C. Barnard Blaiberg's.
had. He not only received much training Then there is also the question: Who
in the United States in transplanting is to benefit from the available hel1'rt?
hearts but also, in South Africa, made Will it be the most urgent heart case, or
fifty transplants on dogs in the past three the one of greatest value to the commu-
years. However, let it be noted that for~ nity, or the one with the most dependents,
tuitous circumstance also entered into the or the one with the most money? On this
JUNE 8, 1968 17
matter Dr. A. Senning, professor or sur- :SanitorIum and preSident of the German
gery, University Hospital, Zurich, and an Red Cross. Though some of these experi-
outstanding heart surgeon, stated: "We ments were' reported in the medical press,
are afraid of doing a transplantation. the profession by and large remained si-
Where wouad you stop once you started? lent, even as it greeted with silence the
There are so many people with damaged book that catalogued them: Doctors of
hearts. To whom would you give the one Infamy (1949), a revised edition appear-
available heart? To someone who would ing in 1962 under the name The Death
pay a million dollars?"2 Doctors. However, the World Health Or~
There is also the human element to con- ganization highly praised the authors of
sider. On this aspect of the matter the these books, Dr. Mitscherlich and F. Miel-
remarlfs of one of America's leading open- ke, for bringing these facts to the ~tten
heart surgeons, Dr. E. M. DeBakey, are tion of the German medical profession.
apropos: "The surgeon must scrupulously
guard against taking inadvertent', advan- When Does Death Take Place?
tage, for purely experimental purposes, of But perhaps the most staggering ques-
the eagerness of a desperately ill patient tion or problem facing the heart~
to consent to almost any procedure sug- transplant surgeon is, When does death
gested. The surgeon must be certain that take place? Yes, just what is death, medi-
the proposed transplantation"2 has possi- cally speaking? AC(Jording to one diction-
bilities of success and for improving the ary, death is "the total and permanent
patient's condition and chances for life. cessation of all the vital functions of an
This sets up an exceedingly high standard. animal or plant." But it has been averred
Who would be charged with the responsi- that there is ,no legal definition of death.
bility of seeing to it that doctors meet it? Thus Dr. N. Bricker, a pioneer in kidney
Dr. C. Barnard, it is reported, claims transplants, observed: "An acceptable,
that 'the authority to decide legal and legal, medical and moral definition of
ethical implications in cardiac transplants death is needed."s Yes, just when does the
rests wIth the medical profession alone.' dying patient, the potential donor, be-
But not so! In the Jewish Chronic Dis- come a corpse whose organs can be used?
ease Hospital case, although three doc- These are among the most. disturbing
tors resigned in protest, it was a lawyer questions that the spate of modern heart
who forced the issue, with the resuat that transplants has raised.
two' highly reputed doctors were found Up until now doctors had their great-
guilty of 'fraud and deceit.' By the very est tension when trying to decide whether
nature of their profession some surgeons a person should be kept alive artificially
are likely to become limited in their view or allowed to die peacefulIy. It was also
of the issues. held that a doctor should do all in his
If this were not so it would be impos- power to restore the heartbeat to the pa-
sible to explain the facts that came to tient, as by artificial respiration, by heart
light at the Nuremberg Medical Trials. massage, or by other methods. All this
Among those sentenced to death for their was well and good, the only question in-
experiments on humans-none of which volved being the life of the dying man.
resulted in any benefit to medicine-was But with heart transplants this question
Dr. Karl Gebhardt, a professor of medi- has become highly charged with tension,
cine, head physician of the Hohenlychen for now the life of one patient is pitted
18 AWAKEI
against the life of another! A truly teITible to remove his he~ can be- seen from the
predicament for the doctor tQ face! following further examples.
In fact, this is one of the reasons why The New York Times, March 12, 1968,
Russian doctors have not yet proceeded stated that heart surgery restored a ma-
with heart transplants. As an American rine officer who had been hit in the heart,
doctor who recently worked with them re-' face and legs and who "died real fast. His
ported: "When is the patient dead? When heart stopped. So did his breathin'g."
should heart or kidney be removed from Clinically he was dead, but still he was
a patient? These two questions are as tUl- brought to life again.
settling in the U.S.S.R. as they are else- Thus also a recent London medical re-
where. The Soviet scientists I worked with- port showed that, of 102 patients who
were reluctant to accept the, proposals put were unconscious for more than a month
forth in other parts of the world for using because of brain injW'ies, 62 surviVed. Of
'death of brain' as the moment of death these, 19 returned to their former jobs
rather than 'death of heart.' They are and 29 others returned home to lead
troubled by their experience with the fa- useful lives." Along the same line, Pro-
mous physicist Dr. Lev Landau, whom fessor W. Forssmann, German heart spe-
they succeeded in rescu.ing from 'clinical cialist, told of an American corporal who,
death.'· A doctor working to saye a life on July 16, 1967, was the victim of a mine
until all hope is gone now passes' well be- explosion. After doctors tried in vain for
yond the point in time at which organs forty-five minutes to revive him through
are salvageable for transplantation. He heart massage and artificial respiration,
experiences severe tensions when he de- they sent him to the morgue. A few hours
cides to abandon his efforts. The Soviets later, as he was to be embalmed, it was
believe that these tensions will become noted that he had a weak: pulse, although
nearly unbearable if, as he fights to save the electrocardiogram showed no heart-
a patient's life, he must consider surren- beat. After three weeks of deep uncon-
dering early enough to salvage a trans- sciousness, this apparently dead man fully
plantable heart.'" Yes, decid~ng how long regained his mental faculties. 6
he should try to save a dying man is No question about it, heart transplan-
enough of a burden for the doctor without tation poses staggering problems. As one
having the added responsibility of mak- British woman expressed it: "How can ]
ing a choice between two lives! ever be certain that doctors would do
everything to save my life if I had a nasty
The ffDead" Brought to Life Again accident, or a terrible disease, that they
How great the danger is of deciding too would not be influenced by what I could
contribute to another person?" Apparent-
$Oon that a person is dead and proceeding
ly some doctors would have all patients
• Life, December 7, 1962, under the haadlng "After entering hospitals sign statements that,
'Deatb' the Nobel Prize," told how Russian scientist
Lev Landau had "died" tour times. A severe accident in the event of death, surgeons would have
left him unconscious, barelY breathing; his skull being
tractured. his cerebrum was hemorrhaging. A numbcr the right to take any organs they chose
of ribs were cracked, his right lung was ruptured and for transplanting them into another pa·
bleeding. his pelvic bones wcro: broken. His heart,
lungs, kidney and central nervofls system had all but tient!1
halted, Speclallsts from vurlous parts of the world
were summoned. Two months alter the accident Landau No wonder that some of the more hu-
opened his eyes for the first time. While he never
regained the tull use ot his powers, he was able to mane, more compassionate specialists are
give guidance to students and colleagues. Alter six
years he died on Aprll 2. 1968. greatly concerned lest a doctor "pull the
JUNE 8, 1968 19
plug" on a dying patient in order to get everyone who may someday become a
a needed organ. To this end they urge heart-transplant donor due to the assent
that the transplanting surgeon not be the of close relatives.
one attending the dying potential donor. Dr. Barnard testified: "A doctor has
Thus the British Medical Journal~ in dis- one duty 'and 'one duty only, and that is
cussing such problems as "when to re- to treat his patient until he has no means
suscitate a patient and when to stop resus- left. If we feel a heart transplant is a
citation once it has been started," stated: method for helping a patient, we must do
"These problems are especially acute when it." But what if that 'feeling' is not based
th~ patient is a potential donor of a vital on accurate knowledge? What if helping
organ . . . There is much to be said for one patient means taking the life of an-
the entire care of the potential donor be- other? There is much discussion as to the
ing in the hands of doctors other than the condition of Clive Haupt, whose heart was
transplant team until death has been fi- given to Dr. P. Blaiberg. According to
nally diagnosed."e Boris Petrovsky, Soviet health minister,
In the same vein Dr. DeBakey said: "not everything is clear in the Cape Town
"The surgeon must be certain, beyond any experiment. Many things show that a
conceivable doubts, that nothing further beating heart was removed for the trans-
can be done to save the donor's life. This plant."lo It might be said that such is im-
judgment should be made independently, plied in that we are told that the doctors
by physicians who are not members of "said that when they determined he could
the transplant team .... The legal, moral not survive, the decision was made to at-
and theological aspects of this problem tempt the transplant."
are formidable."2 Yet is not the likelihood Have not patients time and again been
of a dying patient's having a doctor solely restored to life after their hearts stopped
concerned with his well-being diminished beating? Dr. Lev Landau's heart stopped
at a hospital where every member of four times. And as for using 'death of
the staff is infected with the heart- brain' to determine death, patients have
transplantation fever, as apparently was been restored to life after not having
the case at the Groote Schuur Hospital? shown any brain activity for two hours!
In the first heart-transplant case it was Particularly bothersome is the question:
the transplant surgeons who ministered "If a body is all but dead, technically
to the dying heart donOr.' Just what took alive only because an artificial respiration
place appears to be dubious. Accord- maintains heartbeat, is it homicide to take
ing to Science News, Dr. Barnard pro- out the heart or kidney before pulling the
ceeded to remove Miss Darvall's heart plug?"ll In one case in England a man
when the last brain wave was seen on the who was declared dead after an accident
encephalograph. s However, according to was put on a resuscitation machine just
Time magazine, he waited until the heart long enough to take out his kidney and
stopped beating.9 But when a reporter for then left to die the second time.
N ew.qweek inquired as to whether Miss Nor is that all. The potential of making
Darvall was taken off the resuscitation heart transplants could be exploited by
machine before her heart stopped beating, selfish, ruthless men to a shocking degree.
he was told: "That is an impertinent ques- The possibilities for abuse are so vicious
tion," and so did not get a direct answer.1 that they might be likened to the unfore-
But it was a most pertinent question to seen consequences of the discovery of
20 AWAKE!
atomic power. Thus Dr. Forssmann en~ While doctors are concerned about pro-
visions criminals s'entenced to death beingtecting themselves against such lawsuits,
kept alive until their organs /ire needed their patients are concerned lest they be
for transplant; thell they would be exe- murdered. Murder is the deliberate taking
cuted by heart-transplant surgeons. Con- of the life of another; the fact that death
centration camps would be filled with un- is imminent is beside the point. The law
desirables who live only until their heartsdoes not distinguish between five minutes,
or kidneys are needed for transplant op- five hours or five years yet to live. As one
erations. He is deeply concerned lest "the surgeon expressed it: "For the person
doctor would finally be degraded to a who takes a vital organ too soon, society
hangman, a Lucifer, a fallen angel." Ac,- has a word--and that w~-rd \'<> mu~-r ."Vi
cording to Dr. Mitscherlich, that is the Making a strong case for heart trans-
very use doctors were put to during the plants as being murder is attorney H. M.
Nazi regime. They were employed to get Porter. Writing in the legal newspaper,
rid of undesirables by injections of vari- the Los" Angeles Daily Joul'nal, February
ous things, such as gasoline or tubercule 2, 1968, he tells of being assured by a
bacilli; in particulal', were physicians onleading cardiologist that no surgeon would
submarines used to get rid of trouble- undertake the operation unless the per-
makers in this way. son whose heart was to be used was still
alive at the beginning of the operation.
The Legal Aspects The heart must come from a living donor.
It is interesting to examine the ques- The donor must be killed to take the
tion of the legal asPectS of heart trans- heart; the taking of the heart must kill
plants. Doctors are concerned that there him.
be new legislation to protect them from Since it is deliberate killing, he argues,
possible lawsuits because of performing it must be termed murder. Murder can
heart transplants. In some lands it is un- be defended on the basis of self-defense,
lawful to operate on any person except but in the case of the heart transplant,
for that person's well-being. This would not the donor, but the surgeon is the
bar even kidney donors, as the taking of aggressor. Then, again, the defense for
a kidney from a donor is not operating the murder might be consent, but the law
on him for his own benefit, but for that does not recognize the right of consent in
of another person. 12 the case of murder, as in suicide pacts.
Then, again, conceivably one relative
may have given consent but others may The Scriptural Aspect
not have , and these might , file a claim Not to be overlooked are the religious,
against the surgeon. In many states of the the Scriptw:al issues involved. There are
United States the wife as the closest those, such as the Christian witnesses of
of kin would have to give permissionY Jehovah, who consider all transplants be-
Thus because" the Ochsner Clinic and tween htunans as cannibalism; and is not
Ochsner FOW1dation Hospital had per- the utilizing of the flesh of another hu-
formed an autopsy on a body contrary man for one's own life cannibalistic? Nor
to the expressed wishes of the deceased are they by any means alone in this view,
and without permission of the widow, the Thus Newsweek, December 18, 1968, stat-
Louisiana Circuit Court. of Appeals award- ed: "An artificial heart that CQuld 00 mass
ed the widow $1,500 damages. I i produced would alleviate the shortage of
JUNE 8, 1968 21
hearts and-the need to cannibaliZe bod- gious problems of the greatest magnitude.
ies." And Dr. Donald F. Scott~ consultant And when one considers how few of all
cardiologist at the London Hospital, con- heart sufferers can hope to be helped by
demned- heart transplanting as "alm~t heart transplants, it is obvious that heart
amounting to cannibalism . . . It is not transplantation is not the solution. What
a proc!Klure within our bounds as doc- each individual can do about his own
tors."18 heart will be considered in the succeeding
The same point was made in an ex- article.
tensive review of the heart-transplant REFERENCES
problems by two of the edito,rs of the 1 Nefl York Daily News, February 29, 1968.
2 Medical World News, February 16, 1968.
Miami New8~ January 22, 1968. The ar- " St. Louis Post·Dispatch, January 14. 1968.
ticle, several pages in length, opened with 4 New York Time8, December 22, 1%7.
" The Saturday Review, February 3, 1968.
the questions: "Medical miracle or can- 6
;
Frank/urter Allgemeine, .January 3. 1%8.
Newsweek, December 18, 1967.
nibalism? New hope for man or a step to 8
9
Science News, December 16,1967.
Time, December 15, 1967.
ultimate destruction? God's will or anath- 10 Toronto Daily Star, .January 19. 1968.
11 Science News, March 2, 1968.
ema?" u Science News, February 11, 1967.
lS The Ohr;8tian Oentury, MIlrch ZO, 1968.
Truly by their heart transplants sur- H M"dical World News, September 22, 1967.
15 Trial, December-.January, 1968.
geons are posing moral, legal and reli- 16 The Dally T"l£graph, London . .January 30, 1968.
PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY
At a meeting of the American Psychological Association the following state·
ment was adopted: "The psychologist's ultimate allegiance is to society, and his
professional behavior should demonstrate an awareness of his social responsibilities.
The welfare of the profession and of ' the individual psychologist are clearly sub-
ordinate to the welfare of the public."-Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
22 AWAKE/
USING
Good Sense
in Caring for
SING good sense in regard to our cept the attitude that everyone should be
U health does not seem to come nat-
urally. It is something that must be
left to smoke-and then given a new heart
at sixty-five."4 In a somewhat similar vein
worked at. That is why it is far from the American College of Cardiology statect
common. As Dr. D. A, I, Clark once ob- that prevention, not repair or replace-
served: "We all know that poor diet, ne- ment, is the ultimate way of coping with
glect of teeth, unwise recreation ... ad- heart attacks.n Simply stopping smoking
versely affect health. But with all this would help ever so many more persons
I
knowledge, how many individuals accept than can ever expect to be helped by a
the responsibility of improving these con- heart transplant.
ditions for themselves ?"1
For example, lung cancer and heart Exercise, Rest and Sleep
trouble are far more frequent among Another basic caUse of poor health and
beavy smokers than among others. No heart disease in particular is insufficient
doubt this is in part due to the fact that physical exercise. Thus Dr. R. Winter tells
smoking tobacco makes the heart work that fifteen to thirty minutes of, exercise
harder and at the same time cuts down daily, the kind that results in 'huffing and
the amoWlt of oxygen that the individual
puffing,' can keep a man alive. Of 300 men
cells get. As a result the Society of Tho-
racic. (Chest) Su-rgeoU':; could state~ "'fhe who had heart attacks, 49 percent of thQ'iYa
overwhelming evidence of a relationship exercising the least, or the least active,
between smoking and disease is most ap- died, whereas only 2 percent of those ex-
parent to thoracic surgeons."2 Yet in spite ercising the most died during the same
of this "overwhelming evidence," in 1967 period of time. 6
adult Americans smoked 4,280 cigarettes Medical World News, March 15, 1968,
on an average. s on its cover shows fifteen businessmen
Pinpointing the problem, Dr. L. R. L'ee, attired in running togs trotting, and in
United States Assistant Secretary of the a five-page article tells of the benefits
Department of Health, Education and many are getting from exercise. Among
Welfare, stated; "Our thrust is to find other things, it tells that "medical atti'~
those things that prevent the conditions. tud~ towa.-ru exe-rdse ICl-r heart pat'ients
necessitating transplants. We cannot ac- are changing," "participants are enthusi-
JUNE 8, 1968 23
astic," and "something is keeping these The failure of many people to use good
men alive." sense in their eating habits was highlight-
Not that one needs to "go overboard" ed by one writer as follows: "The body
as regards exercise. Moderate exercise is runs on food and oxygen much as an auto
especially recommended for oveIV/eight runs on gasoline and oxygen. But right
potential or actual heart cases. It is well there the comparison ends. If it is not to
for all persons to keep in mind the apostle stall or sputter, the auto must be fed ex-
Paul's observation that "bodily training is actly what it needs when it needs it. The
beneficial for a little." (1 Tim. 4:8) Up body's fuel system, on the other hand, is
to a certain point exertion is good for the subject to the whimsical tastes and crav-
heart, so walk more, use the elevator or ings of its proprietor. It can handle extra
auto less. food when it is already fun and can do
On the other hand, good sense demands without when it is empty. And it must
that we get sufficient rest and sleep. Wise- tolerate doses of gin, smoke and red-hot
ly the Creator decreed one day's rest in chili. ... It does this heroic job remark-
seven for the ancient nation of Israel. In ably well .... The amazingly tough stom-
particular do the central nervous system ach . . . actually can handle almost any-
and the heart need both rest and sleep, thing within reason. '"
and so not without good reason do we True, the body may tolerate abuses for
find favorable mention made in the Holy a time, but sooner or later we will pay
Bible of sleep. It indicates that faith in the price in poor health or disease. Ob-
God and a .good conscience are conducive served Dr. F. Hoffman, a cancer authori-
to good sleep, and that sleep has restor- ty: "I am fully convinced that profound
ative value. But here again, self-control is dietary influences in cancer are to be
involved. One must learn to control one's looked upon as a causative factor." And
ambitions and one's love of pleasure, two said Dr. Prinzmetal in his book HeaTt At-
of the things most likely to interfere with tack: "One of the most important factors
getting sufficient sleep.-Ps. 4:8; 127:2; -if not the most important-in the in-
Provo 3:24; Jer. 31:26; John 11:12. cidence of coronary [heart 1 disease is
the diet. It is palpably clear that we, as
Right Kind of FOOd-Physical and Mental a rule, eat too much. Primitive people
Good sense in caring for your health re- usually don't. They can't afford to stuff
quires moderation, self-control in the mat- themselves. , . . They don't get coro-
naries." Among other widely known au-
ter of what and how much you eat.
thorities who stress the importance of
Unfortunately the trend of modern civili- moderation in diet for the sake of one's
zation is to get away from wholesome eat- health, and in particular as to cutting
ing habits. Thus the New York Times of down on the use of animal fats, are heart
February 27, 1968, reported that the eat- specialist Dr. P. D. White and Dr. 1. H.
ing habits of many in the United States are Page, editor of Modern Medicine.
changing for the worse. Many are eating Counsels a leading United States nutri-
less and less protective foods such as tionist, Dr. H. G, Bieler: "Moderation
fruits and vegetables and are eating more should ever be the golden rule in the diet,
bakery goods, drinking less milk but especially for the heart patient. He should
drinking more carbonated waters, with remember that a meal of many courses
their artificial colors and flavors. and heavy food throws a sudden load on
-I'iWAKE!
the heart, which then is obliged to pump \Vhat might be said to sum up the Case
an extra supply of blood to digest it. Sweet for using good sense in order to enjoy
desserts and fat foods, including fatty good health are the words of Dr. James
meats and gravies, should give way to Mackenzie: "(1) Diseases are the result
vegetable soup, lean meats, vegetables, of long-developing processes which begin
salads and fruits."s early in life and finally lead to saturation
More and more recognized as important of the body with toxins. (2) Improper
in health and especially for the heart are eating, living and thinking habits are the
certain vitamins. There is much evidence prime cause of this degeneration. (3) The
to shoW that vitamin E plays a vital role same type of toxin when located in a
in health of the heart.~ A1so, niadn has )oint ~a~ arthl'ith.; when localized in
been shown to be valuable in combating the liver, hepatitis; in the kidneys, ne-
excesS cholesterol in the blood vessels. 10 phritis; ... in the brain, insanity."8
Then, again, widely read Dr. William Doubtless heredity plays no small role
Brady recommends very highly the vita- in disease, and it most likely determines
min B complex as one of the best of all the vulnerable part in our bodies. But
heart tonics. l l while we have no control over our genes,
There are also what are known as the we can do much to minimize the heredi-
psychosomatic factors. These are so called tary factor by using good sense. We can
because of the interaction of the mind and avoid tobacco and o'tber habit~forming
the emotions, said to be the psyche, on drugs. We can see to it that we get enough
the body, the soma. The inspired proverb exercise, rest and sleep. We can be ll'IJ1dN
commands that we should guard the heart erate in eating and develop right mental
above aU else, "for out of it are the habits. Using such good sense will help
sources of life." (Prov. 4:23) This is true infinitely more persons than can ever be
of' both the figurative and the literal helped by medical experiments such as
heart. Good sense therefore requires that heart transplants.
we, on the one hand, avoid all such men-
REHRENCES
tal and emotional poison as envy, malice, 1 Social 1lI"dwine-lt3 Derivations and Objecttue3
_Galdston (1949).
self-pity, resentment, lewdness and rage. I 2 Prescription fOT Li/&-Dr. Graham (1966).
On the other hand, it requires that we S New York Times, March 23. 1968.
... New8v;e"k, January 22, 1965.
heed the counsel of God's Word to have ~
6
Now York Times. Marrh 10, 1968.
BUljijteS8 Week. January 6, 1968.
our minds and,hearts dwell upon virtuous, 7 Life, December 7. 1962.
1\ Food 18 Your Best MediCine-H. G. Bieler (l966).
praiseworthy and lovable things. These 9 Vitamin E. Your Key to a Healthy HooTt~H. Bailey
(1964).
truly benefit us both spiritually and physi- 10 How to Live with Schizophrenia-A. Hotter and H.
Osmond (1966).
cally.--Ga1. 5:19-23; Phil. 4:8. 11 Charleston Evening Post, February 26. 1968.
" ;, ~.
',I' V 7'i,
CANADA
JULY 4·7: Kitehener, Ont" 96 Dunbar Rd. S., Water-
loo, Onto
JULY 11-14: Chilliwack, B.C., 46956 Yale Rd. K, Chilll_
::t5~h ~~e.,H~~~y,BJ:c. 21593 Dewdney Trunk Rd.
JULY 18-21, Vi~torla, B.C., 2780 Shelbourne St.. Vic_
toria, B.C.
JUVId5-2S: Kamloops, B.C., 260 Leigh Rd., Kamloops,
AUGUST 1-(: Grace. Bay, N.S., ~O McLean St.. Glace
Bay, N.S. Melose Jaw, Sask., 302 AthabaBCa St. R,
Moose Jaw, Sask.
AUGUST 8-11: Ottawa, Onto (English, French, Ital,
ian). 405 Gladstone Ave., Ottawa 4, Onto WinnipeG,
Man., 1388 Msln St., WInnipeg 4, M,~n.
AUGUST 15-18: Calgary, Alta., S04 12th Ave. SE..
Calgary, Alta. Harbour Gra~e, Newfoundland, 23~
:Pennywell Rd, St. John's, Newfoundland
BRITISH rSLES
JU~~1l,27.y~~~ ~t::~~' C~~~~n~r~:~di:.a::l::m~I{\f~l~~
JUIprt9~.;i)~: RSd~~~h~~eYd,r~3h~1'u~t?:~~~d.Hall, 521
JULY 18-21: Beltut, Ireland, Kingdom Hall, Magdala
~;nc~:~~~,t, ~~dJ~UHa~~ri~3rCr~~t!asr; ~~l~~~:
Lancs., England.
AUGUST 1-4: Edinburgh, Scotland, Kingdom Hall.
~~";i~~~~~:::')Rd.Ru~~nbUNI~n4, l!~ggil:aYld. d-rc:.,~~od~
Whitton Rd., TWlckenham, Middlesex, England.
BERMUDA
AUGUST 1-4: Pembroke, Bermuda, Box n, Hamliton.
Bermuda.
CONTENTS
The Ouija Board-Harmless Amusement So You're Going to Move! 20
or Deadly Threat? 3
Your Name-a Gift for a Lifetime 23
Summer Is Year's Happy Time! 8
Relatives Respond to Bible Truth 26
Wild Berries for the Family 12
An Old Man's Endurance 26
Antarctic Ice
Is Spiritism Involved?
"
15
"Your Word Is Truth"
Jehovah, the Unchangeable God 27
Be My Guest for a Day at Gilead 16 Watching the World 29
2
"It is already the haur far you fa awake."
_Roman, \3:11
T WAS in the middle of May when the year at high noon, beginning up north on
I view from the corner window suddenly the longest day of the year, about JlUle
disclosed that summer was not far away. 21, and from there it glides downward
The trees in the front yard and in the toward the autumnal equinox. During the
orchard were sprinkled with _hints of red- summer months life can be seen in all its
dish and green colors. Shortly thereafter stages. It is when days seem their longest,
a soft rain fell and the tiny pink blossoms nights their warmest and all creation is
seemed to explode into full bloom. Soon either its liveliest or its laziest.
summer was bursting out all over! Summer is a fresh reminder of earth's
Summer in the temperate zones of the infinite variety, its ever-amazing bolUlty.
earth somehow has always seemed the From little plots of corn to vast roIling
most vivid of seasons, a long, rich pause acres of wheat, oats and rye reaching for
in the fast-unfolding year, the time of the the sun and thrusting their golden heads
biggest possibilities and promises. It is the or tassels up to be swept by the dry
H AWAKE.'
summer winds. The earth is like an art- edul bellies. Distant rumbles give warn-
ist's easel, rich with the color of golden ing. From time to time lightning and
grainfields, cool with the infinite variety thunderstorms jolt the hills and rain
of greens, and intensely hot here and there comes down like silver threads hanging
with flaming-red flowers. from dark clouds. In the calm before the
The land abounds with flowers. It is a storm the boughS of giant trees stand
season for roses! In casual profusion tan- motionless, often scattering motes of sun-
gle the wild roses, blackberries and honey- light on the forest floor. In their leafy
suckles. The fields have come alive with limbs the voices of birds are muted. The
daisies, black-eyed Susans, lady's slippers, woods are imbued with the rapture of
all sorts of summer wild flowers, bright fulfillment.
and jaWlty and full of SWl., A happy boy, glad to be out of school,
Summer is a time of abWldant food. stalks the streams for minnows, worms,
Alfalfa, clover and timothy, hay for the frogs, perhaps a lumbering turtle. With
cattle. Hay in bloom, hay cut and baled, shirttail out, sneakers wet, followed by a
hay in cocks drying in the sun. Stacks of panting dog, the lad whistles away joy-
hay, bales of hay, millions of tons of hay fully. Other groups of boys can "be dis-
for animals to eat. There is grass for cows covered chattering away beside streams
to eat and for children to roll on. In the with fishing poles, or playing games in
freezer there are fryers for the Sunday some empty lot.
dinner and on the stove new potatoes in The summer sound is the hum of in·
the pot for guests. The table abounds with sects and birds. OnlY- a few months be·
fresh lettuce, garden-ripe tomatoes, de- fore, the icy world was silent and empty
licious corn on the cob, fresh-baked, cherry of these tiny creatures. Now they seem
pie and wild blackberries with cream! How to be everywhere. Winged tennites swarm
this reminds us of God's splendor and his out of bits of riddled wood. A hungry
care over all his works. Wrote the appre- generation of beetles laWlches an attack
ciative psalmist: "You are opening your on plants. At the same time, other insects
hand and satisfying the desire oj every fiit hurriedly from flower to flower, trans-
living thing." "He is making green grass ferring the vital pollen from one plant to
sprout for the beasts, and vegetation for another. While some create a good deal
the service of mankind, to cause food to of mischief, no doubt, they also do even
go forth from the earth ... The trees of a greater amount of good. Small creatures
Jehovah are satisfied ... where the birds S('.\ltUe through the 'gl'a;-;;-;e"S, DUITtrw in ihe
themselves make nests. . . . How many soft warm earth, or snap their wings
your works are, 0 Jehovah! All of them through the air. The nights are full of
in wisdom you have made. The earth is "firefiies. The lightning bug streaks the
full of your productions!'-Ps. 145:16; dark skies with its tiny green light. A
104,14-24. beetle delights children with its bright-red
The Sounds of Summer wings. The buzzing of bees, chirping of
The vivid sounds and movements of crickets, whine of mosquitoes, panting of
spring surrender to the stillness and the wasps. fill the air with summer's sym-
green serenity of summer. High in the phony.
deep summer sky, cumulus clouds move Birds, too, join in the "happy" chorus.
in full sail; their soft cottonlike shapes Now that the nests are em9ty and. the.
belie the storms building up in their pow- offspring have tried their wings, the noisy
JUNE 22, 1968 9
crowd expends its energy by singing, night and something surprisingly,pleasant
warbling, cawing, cajQling, mimicking, about warm pool waters.
croaking, warning. Talkative red-winged There' are invaluable lessons to be
blackbirds, their nests empty of eggs, are learned in swnmertime's wonders. Tne
seen swinging uproariously on brown apostle Paul said: "For all that may be
stalks of the cattails, scolding their young known of God by men lies_ plain before
nearby who are fIi~kering their feathered their eyes; indeed God himself has dis-
wings. One cannot help but be reminded closed it to them. His invisible attributes,
of King Solomon's words: "Everything that is to say his everlasting power and
[God] has made pretty in its time." deity, -have been visible, ever since the
-Eccl. 3:11. world begalJ" to the eye of reason, in the
things he has made." (Rom. 1: 19, 20, The
The Sights of Summer New English Bible) We should .learn
A soft white haze from the smnmer's much about God, then, in our study of
heat blankets the eart;h. The fores:ts, fields creation. Well, have we?
and backyards flutter with song sparrows, The Master Teacher, Jesus Christ, ob-
robins, catbirds, wrens, blackbirds, wood- served in creation God's loving care. After
peckers, jays, bobolinks and crows. Over- observing the way of birds, he said:
head a buzzard floats by silently. Below "They do not sow seed or reap or gather
nests eggshells lie on the ground. Off- into storehouses; still your heavenly Fa-
spring are trying their wings. Baby rab- ther feeds them. Are you not worth more
bits are pilfering in the garden. A young than they are?" A good question for us
calf is trying its wobbly legs while mother to contemplate if we profess trust in God.
cow chews her cud leisurely in the shade Next Jesus draws a lesson of faithful
of an old elm at the side of the meadow. trust and dependence on God from his
The vineyards are heavy with grapes and st'udy of plant life. He sayS: "Take a les-
orchards with their fruif. A lacy leaf tells son from the lilies of the field, how they
where the Japanese beetles have feasted. are growing; they do not toil, nor do they
Raging spring rivers are reduced to spin; but I say to you that not even Solo-
creeks, and brooks to trickles. The pond mon in all his glory was arrayed as one
water is tepid with mud warmth. Fish of these. If, now, God thus clothes the
hardly stir. They seem lazy and reluctant vegetation of the field, which is here to-
to bite the fishermen's bait. But why day and tomorrow is thrown into the oven,
should they? Plant and insect food and will he not much rather clothe you, you
small fish are available on all sides. The with little faith?" A fine point to learn in
fish are contentedly full. this era of materialism. Jesus then con-
The earth's creations languidly stir with cludes: "So never be anxious and say,
sigl;1ts and sounds and smells that belong 'What are we to eat?' or, 'What are we
exquisitely and uniquely to summer. There to drink?' or, 'What are we to put on?'
is the faint scent of sweet clover along the For all these are the things the nations
roadside and the haunting fragrance of are eagerly pursuing. For your heavenly
hot white clover and new-mo\Vl1 hay. Ner- Father knows you need all these things.
vous butterflies fill the meadows and sip Keep on, then, seeking first the kingdom
the sweet nectar of flowers. Fields are and his righteousness, and all these other
alive with their dancing colors. There is things will be added to you." .(Matt. 6:
a mellowness about a moonlit summer 26-33) No greater lessons could possibly
AWAKE!
10
be learned trom swnmerume tnan me8e. StrIKIng ana lllaITmg Lhis happy time of
gave you learned them yet? year.
SUmmer Past /til Peak
Vacation and Hazards of Summertime In late August summer has passed its
For many summer is get~up~and~go peak. There may be a touch of frost in the
vacation time, It is the happy time of the early morning mountain air. There if' a
year. They want to go to the seashore, change in the way the shadows fall and
the lakes, the mountains, anywhere but where the sun sets. Two or three small
home, But once vacations are over many maples have turned scarlet across the
feel that they need to get rested from the pond. Everywhere there is the wonder of
vacation they just had. Summer is a pic~ the seed, earth's promise of a new season.
nic, a red canoe, a suntanned back, a The uncut grass has tiny seedling)'; en it.
softball game, ice tinkling in a tall glass. Pods begin to form where the milkweed
Summer is when drugstore counters dis~ hung. The sweet clover along the roadside
playa profusion of suntan lotions, poisoh~ is covered with a rash of seedlings. Cat-
ivy ointments and heat-prostration pills. tails lift brown thumbs of packed seeds' to
Stores feature sandals, shorts and bathing ripen in the south sun. Thistle heads are
suits, insect sprays and fly swatters. covered with floss that delights the gold-
Summer in more affluent areas means finChes. Garden beans are too tough to
air conditioners, fans, wading pools, skin eat. Sweet corn that was delicious yester·
divers' fins and goggles, tents, fishing day is too hard for eating today. The in~
equipment and other paraphernalia. sistence of the seed to ripen 15 a race
For many Christian witnesses of Jeho- plants always win, for it is God's way of
vah summer is happy convention time preserving plant life. This is one of the
when they head faithfully for their an- marvels of God's creation, as he told
nual assembly points and enjoy the asso- Noah: "For all the days the earth con-
ciation of their brothers. tinues, seed sowing and harvest. and cold
However, summer is not entirely a time and heat, and summer and winter, and
of joy. It has its potential for violence and day and night, will never cease."-Gen.
disaster. Polio reaches its peak during the 8:22.
hottest swnmer months. Diarrhea and The goldenrod, wild asters and other
food poisoning add their toll, Sunstroke tan~growing flowers of later summer
and sunburn are dangerous hazards. Swim- brighten the fields. Some birds are already
ming in polluted waters, wading in brooks preparing to fly south. Vacationers are
with sharp stones, tumbling in salty ocean homeward bound. Birdc.alls have changed,
waves, sailing in the bay are all charged with fewer songs of ecstasy and more of
with sudden danger. For example, tragedy parental scolding. The calls of the wood
struck when a young lad climbed to the thrush, the dove and the whippoorwill
top of a high diving board, slipped and dominate the twilight hours. On a distant
fell to his death against the side of the hill the bark of a fox is testing the air
pool in full view of his parents and hun- for some faint hint of autumn. Beetles
dreds of horrified onlookers. Poison ivy, click in haste. Ants scurry. Dragonflies
grass and ragweed pollens add to the dis~ dart on rattling wings, Autumn, another
comfort of summertime. Therefore, there of Jehovah's beautiful seasons, is just over
is a need for caution, for moderation, for the horizon, but S\Ul1mer has trimnphed
sOWld judgment to keep disaster from completely with its happy abundance.
JUNE 22, 1968 11
H UNTll'lU 101" WIlU
berries takes much
more effort than going
to a local market and
buying berries there, but
it is far more enjoyable.
It gets the family doing
something together in the out-
of-doors, providing them with
healthful exercise and fresh air,
as well as the fun of looking for
these luscious tidbits. What is
more, they are free.
In the northern hemisphere there ..are
a number of easily recognized berries
for the
growing Wild that are not only fine eating
but also good nourishment.
FAMILY
Some look so much like what you buy ing cloudberry juice with a little brew
in the store that you can recognize them made frqm white pine needles. Soak fresh
immediately. Wild blackberries and rasp- white' pine needles in warm water for
berries, for example, can be quickly spot- about forty-eight hours, .and then mix the
ted even by children. The blackberries are cloudberry juice with it. Then dilute the
especially plentiful along the edges of mixture with fresh water or carbonated
woods and roads, How tempting these wa,ter. This refreshing drink is much bet-
shiny berries are! As you fill your bucket ter than any commercial soft drink, being
with them the temptation is usually too packed with vitamins. The needles them-
great to resist popping a goodly number selves yield a goodly amount of vitamin
into your mouth. When you return home A and five times as much vitamin C as
you may have the added pleasure of eat· found in lemons. The berries too have a
ing them with cream and making them substantial vitamin content.
into jams and jellies. A refreshing drink
can also be made from blackberry juice. Strawberries and Blueberrie~
In every 100 grams of these nourishing Wild strawberries require a lot of ef-
berries, a little less than half a glass, there fort to gather because of being very small,
are 32 milligrams of calcium, 19 of phos· much smaller than the cultivated variety.
phorus, 170 of potassium, 21 of vitamin C To some extent this is compensated for
and 200 international units of vitamin A. by their being much sweeter. If you have
A cordial made from blackberry juice is the patience to pick enough to fill a pail,
said to be a good remedy for diarrhea. you will find them to be a thoroughly en·
Their close relative, the raspberry, is also joyable berry to eat with cream, ice
a fine wild fruit. cream or mixed with other berries. Such
In northern regions such as the Scan- a mixture of berries makes a good jam.
dinavian countries another relatiVe to the Look for wild strawberries around the
blackberry is the cloudberry. These too are end of June in northern latitudes. You
delicious when eaten directly from the will find them on sunny slopes- that have
vines . ..A fine drirtk can be made by mix- a southern exposure, Since they are easily
12 AWAKE!
crusnea, 11: 1S nest to aVOIQ putting sticks Another name for this variety is the lin-
and leaves in the pail with them. TheIr gonberry.
}eaves, by the way, can be ~d to make An excellent drink can be made with
a tea that is very rich in vitamin C. cranberry juice, one that is refreshing and
You may also wish to_ look for blue- healthful. The juice is also good when
berrieb, which ripen about the· same .time mixed with blueberry juice, which makes
of the year as strawberries. There is one a drink that is said to be good for "people
variety that grows only in the mountains, with r:heumatism or diabetes.
and others, only in swamps. In some wood- The highhush cranberry also has me-
lands this shrub is the most common type dicinal qualities and makes a good drink
of undergrowth, as well as a good food. Although it too
The blueberry is a tine-tas~ing berry has red, acid fruit, it is not l'elated to the
and a 'nourishing food. Every 100 grams low-growing cranberry. It is a tall shrub
of these berries, or a that sometimes
little less than half a reaches a height at
glass, contain 62 cal- six to ten feet. The
ories. 15 milligrams The Pleasure of Listening to
Grandparents.
bark can be used
of calcium, 13 milli- Keep Your Home Cool During in a tea that is said
Summer Heat.
grams of phospho- to lessen menstrual
Meet Alaska's King crab.
rus, one milligram of pains and muscular
iron, 60 milligrams cramps.
of potassium, 40 international units of vi- Every 100 grams of the high bush cran-
tamin A and 6 milligrams of vitamin C. berry contain, 100 milligrams of vitamln
They also have small amounts of vitamin C and 2,]05 internatiQnal units of vitamin
B G• When dried, they make a good substi- A. When cooking these berries, as well
tute for raisins. as the low-growing cranberry, less sugar
Dried blueberries, blueberry soup and is needed to counteract the acidity if a
blueberry juice or wine have been credited little salt is added to the berries. For one
as being helpful in treating hemorrhoids, quart of berries a '. teaspoon of salt will
diarrhea and stomach troubtes. The claim rep1ace a cup of sugar.
has also been made that the leaves of the
blueberry can be used as a partial substi- Less Familiar Wild Berries
tute for insulin. The water from boiled While walking through the woods look
blueberry leaves is supposed to decrease carefully for a very small plant near your
the sugar in the urine of a diabetic and path that has green, glossy, oval-shaped
increase his sugar tolerance. leaves. It may be only ~hree to six inches
high. Hanging on this. tiny lkl-lant a\,(".
Cranberries bright-red berries that stay there all
The bright-red cranberries that are such winter. This plant is; called the teaberry
a delight when eaten with roast turkey or wintergreen. Both the berries and the
can be found along the edges of swamps. leaves have the delicate flavor of winter-
But another variety known as the moun- green and are plaasant to chew. , A de-
tain cranberry grows in the big pine for- lightful tea can be made from the leaves
ests of northern lands. They are very by pouring hot water on them and then
popular with the Scandinavian peoples. allowing them to soak in the \\-'ater for a
,JUNE 22, 1968 13
couple of days. The slight fermentation ent taste and are good in puddings and
that usually takes place strengthens the muffins.
wintergreen flavor. Because the oil of When you are out looking for wild ber,:,
wintergreen that is in the leaves contains ries, do not pass up the elderberry. This
99 percent methyl salicylate, the tea is berry is one of the most useful of the wild
useful for headaches and muscular aches. fruits. The shrub grows from four to
Another useful wild berry plant that twelve feet high and can be found along
hugs the ground is the bearberry. Al- fences, walls, roadsides, ditches, streams
though its bright-red berries are edible, and in fields. In June and July it is deco-
they are not very inviting. But the green, rated with clusters of creamy blossoms.
glossy. leathery leaves can be used to The berries are ripe by late summer and
make an infusion that has an antiseptic early fall. Being rich in vitamins A and C
effect on the urinary passages. It is a as well as potassium and phosphorus, they
very effective home remedy for troubles are among the most healthful fruits.
with the kidneys and bladder. You will probably be disappointed in
A wild shrub that goes by the name of the taste of raw elderberries because of
black haw produces one of the sweetest a rank taste and odor, but this unpleasant-
of all wild fruits. The plant may grow as ness disappears when they are dried. The
big as a small tree and it has distinctive dried berries can then be stewed or used
clusters of white flowers. By autumn its in pies. The white flowers can be beaten
half-inch-Iong berries have becoIVe purple- into pancake, waffle or muffin batters, giv-
black. Since the quality of the fruit varies ing the batters a delicate flavor. The un-
from shrub to shrub, try the berries of dried berries can be mixed with crab
several trees. An infusion made from its apples and boiled together to get the jUice.
bark has been used to prevent cramps and This combination makes a fine jelly.
to ease .the discomfort from menstruation. As you can see, there are a nwnber of
Some women who have had trouble with wild berries that a family can look for in
miscarriages have Credited it with helping the open countryside and that are nour-
them overcome the prpblem. ishing and tasty. Those that are gathered
A rather neglected but tasty berry is the in excess of what is immediately needed
Juneberry, also called the serviceberry. can be ca~ned or frozen for future use,
The plant varies from a knee-high shrub and, of course, jams and jellies can be
to a tree that may be as much as thir- made from them and stored away until
ty feet high. It has loose bunches of needed. Besides helping to reduce the food
purplish berries that resemble large blue- bill, wild berries benefit the family with
berries. These are good either raw or nourishing vitamins and minerals. They
cooked. When cooked, their seeds add to also provide healthful exercise and fun in
their flavor. Some persons can the ber- gathering them. All these berries were
ries for use in pies and muffins. They also created for our use, so why not benefit
can be frozen and used as a fine desert. from them, having family enjoyment in
The dried berries have a distinctly differ- doing so?
Antarctic Ice
Antarctica is said to contain 90 percent of all the ice in the world. It
has been estimated that if this were to melt, the level of the oceans
would rise at least 200 feet.
14 AWAKE!
IS SpmnlSM INVOLVED?
"THEGreatStrange Hand of Fate SAls
in
Heart Drama." ''The Eerie Truth."
Town who claims to be in touch with a recently
deceased doctor "who cannot praise Dr. Barnard
"Did a Spirit Guide His Hand?" By these head· enough. This doctor has told her that he helps
lines the South African weekly. Scope, of De- guide the surgeon's hand when he operates"
cember 29, 1967, called attention to an aspect and that he expressed approval of Dr. Barnard's
of the Cape Town heart transplants that has heart-transplant operation but, at the same
escaped the notice of most of the rest of the time, criticized certain aspects of it.
world. Soope went on to report further aspects of
In one article Scope tells of a combination of the matter! "Stranger still is the following
seven coincidences, anyone of which would occurrence described by a nurse formerly
have prevented the first human 'heart trans- emp10yed at Groote Schuur Hospital and who
plant from taking place. Among these are tile has asked that her name be wUhheld. "I was on
following: Had Miss Darvall not gone out of night duty a few years ago when Dr. Barnard
her way to buy a cake at a certain bakery, she was a patient in the hospital. He was suffering
would not have been struck by a certain truck. from jaundice and at times his condition was
Had the man whose truck struck her down critical. One night his ward bell began to ring
not decided to go back to the factory after he continuously. 1 could not go to him at once
had completed his shift, there would not have because a patient in the next ward to hiS was
been this accident. And had not Dr. C. Barnard dying and we had to attend her. When I even·
several times changed his mind about being tually rushed to his ward with an apology for
away for the weekend, the operation would not taking so long, I CQuid see that something was
have taken place. But he changed his mind the matter. He was as white as a sheet.
several times because, ,as he put it, "I've got "When he eventually spoke he did not say
a funny feeling that something is going to much but just wanted to know who the nurse in
happen:" white was who had tried to pin him to the bed.
And something did happen, an opportunity Apparently she suddenly rushed in through
to perform a heart-transplant operation, a thing the door whUe he was reading in bed. Without
that for weeks he had eagerly been waiting to saying a word she grabbed him by the shoulders
do and for which he had prepared for years. and pressed him against the bed. Her strength
Dr. C. Barnard once told a friend, Scope also was phenomenal, Dr. Barnard said, but when
reported, that he felt that while performing he grabbed. hold of her wrists he could feel
operations his hand was being guided by some they were thin and delicate. Then she let go
outside force. "It is something greater than of him and walked out through a window of
me," he is reputed to have said_ his ward, which was on the second floor.
In this regard the weekly, Scope, went on to "At tbe time I thought Dr. Barnard was
say: "Did a spirit guide Dr. Chris Barnard's running a temperature and was seeing things,
hand dur!ng the historic heart transplant opera- as sick l;leGl;lle &lmeti.mer. d\). But h~ wun't.
tion several weeks ago? ... A former member In iact, he was already on the road to recovery
of Dr. Barnard's heart surgery team ... had and was sitting up in bed reading a book when
often seen a spirit figure standing behind Dr. the incident occurred. I think he must be very
Barnard during operations in the ,hospital psychic."
theatre. He did not recognize the person but In view of all this testimony, circumstantial
one day he mentioned it to a member of Dr. and direct, as well as the many moral and
Barnard's family and described the spirit. 'But ethical questions raised by his operations, CQuld
that's "Klein Oupatjkie," Chris Barnhard's late it be that Dr. C. Barnard is involved in spirit.
father!' was the immediate reaction. The ap- ism? That there is such a thing as wicked
parition stands behind the surgeon whUe he is spirits influencing the lives of humans is ap.
operating-a short, dignified figure with an parent from the warnings against spiritism
upen Bible in his hand. (Dr. Barnard's father, found repeatedly in the Bible, from the writings
whQ was a miSSionary, diel,l nine years ago.)" of Moses to those of the apostle Jobn.-Lev.
Then, again, there is a spiritualist in Cape 19:31; Deut.18:11; Rev. 22:15.
JUNE ere, 1968 15
W
fIAT would the Watchtower Bible
School of Gilead be like? I had
heard that it was hard. Would I be a
n:t
success as a student training far foreign
missionary service as one of Jehovah's
witneSSes? I talked to many about the
GILEAD
subject, with little in the way of i.rtforma. Watchtower Bible and Tract Society's
tlon being obtained. Then at one of the as- headquarters. We have opportunity, too,
semblies of Jehovah's witnesses last sum- to become acquainted with experienced
mer I got to talk to some missionaries, ministers from congregations of Jehovah's
themselves graduates of Gilead. At last I witnesses throughout the United States
began to get some real facts and I could who come here to receive advanced train-
begin to appreciate what a privilege it ing at the Kingdom Ministry School. It is
would be to attend such a school. Greatly especially upbuilding to meet some of the
encouraged. I sent in my application. In older members of the headquarters staff
effect I was saying as did the prophet who have been at their post of duty here
Isaiah: "Here I am! Send me!'-lsa. 6:8. for thjrty or forty or more years and are
I Was not disappointed. But jt has oc- truly spiritually mature.
curred to me that ,there are doubtless The day begins at 6:30 in the mornin~
othe'rs like myself who hesitate to apply If one fails to hear the bell that rings at
for enrollment in Gilead because they may this time, 'one's rOommate will, and soon
lack information. Perhaps if I were to ten we are ready for breakfast. By seven
you about a typical day at Gilead_today o'clock we are all in our assigned pface~
for eXample---it would help you to make in the main dining room. After upbuilding
up your mind. comments on a Bible text by a chosen
Gil~ad School is located in a qui~t, welI- group whosc helpful discussion is tele~
kept residential section of BrooklYn, New vised for the benefit of all occupants of
York, overlooking the New York harbor. the three (now four) dining rooms, the
SWlsets OVer this glistening expanse of Society's president, N. H. Knorr, sums up
the discussion and calls for someone to
water are among the most picturesque I
ask Jehovah's blessing on our meal.
have .!>een, breathtaking at times for color-
All memb~l's of tile headquarters staff
ful beauty. We students live on the third,
as well as Gilead and Kingdom Ministry
fourth and fifth floors of the residence at SchOOl students have their turn in that
107 Columbia Heights, close to the large morning discussion, being heard and seen
school library on the third floor and the by all the more tban a thousand persons
classrooms on the second floor. of this large family. Does the thought of
This location of the school brings us this make you nervous? Well, do not wor-
into evcryday association with the goverp- ry. We soon got OVer it and found that, if
ing body for Jehovah's witnesses world one is properly prepared, there is realJy
wide, as well as the large ;;taff of the no cause for anxiety.
16 AWAKE!
During breakfast each day someone and n, Foundations of Bible History,
previously assigned reads interesting ex- Doctrines and Ministerial Activity-two
periences about the field ministry from courses each quarter of the term.
the 1968 Yearbook of Jehovah'8 Witness- Right now our Hebrew Scriptures
es. So you can see that we really get off course is covering the Bible book of Prov-
to a good. start each day. r should mention erbs. To show how the principles of Prov-
that we are also assigned to take our turns erbs can be applied in a practical way to
commenting at the Bethel family's Watch- missionary service, the instructor divided
tower study, held on Monday evenings. us into groups of three, each to present a
Thus we students soon become known to demonstration based on assigned settings.
the staff members, and in no time we feel In our demonstration, for instance, I am
like "one of the family." supposed to be a missionary who fails to
do her fair share of the work in the mis-
Classroom Organization sionary home. Another student, acting the
This class of Gilead has 101 students, part of missionary home servant, offers
divided into four groups. Most of those tactful counsel to me, using Bible texts
in Groups 1 and 2 are studying French, from Proverbs. He also counsels the com-
while the rest of us study Spanish. Our plaining missionary who prides herself on
schedule calls for classroom activity one being so efficient.
half of the day and extracurricular train- Before we present our demonstrations,
ing the other half of the ~ay. Groups 1 though, we will be taking a written test
and 2, for example, are in their class- on what W'O.'B d\~'B'B'Cd at the la'St &:SID.on
rooms while Groups 3 and 4 are un- of class. This is no surprise, for we have
dergoing training in other departments such a test almost every day. And they
of the Society's home and offices. are most valuable. Not only do they make
Since our group went to class yester- us study a little harder each evening, but
day afternoon, that means we will go to they also provide an excellent guide in
class this morning also. So after break- studying for final examinations. And, of
fast we have time to go to our rooms course, they help us to retain the informa-
and pick up our books and still get to tion obtained in the classroom.
the classroom by eight o'clock.
My roommate, a student from Ger-
many, has probably left already for
the Society's printing plant,
eight blocks away, where she is
being given training. We can
count on seeing her at dinner. ,
My group, Group 4, meets ,
in classroom A first thing this
morning. That means my first
session today will have to do
with the Hebrew Scriptures, one
of eight courses (in addition to
language) taught throughout
the term: Hebl'ew Scriptures I, Exploded view showing 2nd and 3rd floors of Ihe
II and TIl, Greek Scriptures r 11-floor 107 Columbia Heights building
JUNE 2it, 1968 17
Many teaching methods are employed bers of the headquarters staff with long
In Gilead. For each of the five courses years of experience in the ministry. Each
that cover the entire Bible analytically, weekday, following the noon meal, we
we receive a book containing instructions meet in the Lecture Hall and listen to a
on preparation of reports, as well as hW1- discourse that ties in closely with our cur-
dreds of questions. Then we do research rent classroom studies. The depth of the
on the portion of the Scriptures we have material together with the distinctive
been assigned, answering all the questions manner of delivery of each speaker makes
designated for that portion. Finally we every subject come to life. So absorbed
present the completed report in class, in does one 'get that we sometimes forget to
various forms---short stories, dramatiza- take notes. But the main points live in
tions, verse-by-verse explanations, demon- our memories for a long time.
strations, panel discussions, and so on. The The school's president, Brother Knorr,
instructor then offers further explanation gave the opening lecture on the first day,
and clarification. Meantime we are all as well as a number of other lectures, all
taking notes in the large-print edition of of them very practical. He 'explained how
the New World Translation of the Bible we could make a success of Gilead, and
for personal future reference and use. spoke on such topics as "Dwelling Togeth-
er in Peace and Unity," "Making ttte Most
Language ClasB of Your Opportunities," and "What Makes
After a ten-minute break, we go to a Good Missionary." We feel as if we are
Spanish class at ten o'clock, changing prepared for whatever assignment we may
places with Group 3, who will now have be given.
their class on Hebrew Scriptures II. Lan- By the way, there are no report cards
guage class is never _dull. Bltmders are in- at Gilead, no competing .for high place as
evitable. I recall how the instructor once at other centers of education. Instead, our
asked in Spanish, "In what season of the work is graded and then each quarter we
year does October belong?" The answer receive a Progress Report, a short, per-
should have been "Qtoiio" (fall), but, in- sonal letter to each of us, describing our
stead, the student answered, "La estacion progress both in school and in relation to
de otonto"-the foolish season. We all had our development of the qualities needed
a laugh and felt more relaxed. by a good missionary. As one instructor
The method that is used in teaching mentioned, these Reports are based on
Spanish involves the memorizing of dia- observations made by all of our overseers
logues, with grammar 'introduced gradual- who_ are in position to observe our ac~
ly. The instructor says most of us are de- tivities.
ve.1oping good pronunciation and seem to On my last Report I was commended
be getting a good "feel" for the language. for doing well in studies and working dili-
My roommate said that in French class gently at extracurricular assigmnents.
the other day the students presented an But I was also encouraged to be more
entire one-hour meeting, with all students friendly and outgoing with others. So now
participating. I am putting forth more effort along this
line, taking the initiative in getting bet-
Daily Lectures ter acquainted with others. This quality
A splendid feature of our training is is so vital for our future missionary ser-
the course of lectures presented by mem- vice too. And always we are encouraged
18 AWAKE!
to approach instructors and other mature ' guage helps us with homework, pronun-
men on the headquarters sta.1! for. help on ciation, and so forth. Then I have to spend
any matter that might be giving us difM some time doing research in the library
ficulty. for my report that is due to be given in
the UDoctrines" class not many days
Training Assignments hence. At nine o'clock a group of us will
Well, after the lecture, we who attended get toget4er to· review what we learned on
school this morning begin heading for our our tour of the United Nations last Satur-
training assignments in the residence or day. A written test on this is likely to
the printing plant. Half of us will get as- come up any day now.
signments to work in the home, the other The tour to the United Nations is but
half in the factory, where we may be as- one of five di1'Ierent tours to historic sites
signed to help in shipping literature, or and educational institutions in the New
in assembling and binding the books and York area. These tours together with a
booklets of the Society. My' assignment series of educational film programs com-
for a time was to" help care for the hun- prise another course-General Knowledge.
dreds of thousands of stencils that bear They are valuable in testing our powers
the names of subscribers for the Awake! of observation and in broadening our out-
and Watchtower magazines. look.
Other students receive special training Gilead is hard work all right. But is not
in the Society's OffiCf filing, typing, and every good thing worth the effort to at-
so on. Still others have housekeeping as- tain it? Weekends provide a change from
signments in the residence buildings. In the general routine. On Friday evening,
fact, before we graduate all of us will Saturday afternoon and Sunday we have
have had training in making beds, clean- opportunity to support congregational ac-
ing rooms, aiding in the kitchen and tivities in one or another of the congre-
laundry. So, wherever we go in the world, gations of Jehovah's witnesses in New
we shall know how to contribute in a York city. Here we meet many new friends
practical manner toward maintaining a -friends we are likely to correspond with
good, orderly, clean missionary home. when we are finally assigned to some far-
No student is kept at the same work away missionary post. Busy, busy days,
for the entire five months of the course. but the sense of satisfaction and accom-
At least once during the term our assign- plishment is something I have never be-
ments will change. If we have been as- fore felt so strongly.
signed in the residence, we will have our There is no doubt that Jehovah's spirit
turn going to the Society's publishing is what makes everything about Gilead
plant and helping there. But no matter operate so beneficially. I have never heard
where we are assigned, it is always plea- anyone complain or talk sharply to others.
surable, for we are learning to work as a We are all here with one desire-to learn
team with many others in order to get as much as we possibly can in five months
work accomplished. and to qualify for the missionary work.
After three and a half hours of work in Just a few days ago we learned of the
the training assignment, one is 'really countries to which we shall be sent, and
ready for supper. Rignt after supper we there was great excitement as each one
go to our Spanish coaching session. Here began to make inquiries "about customs
someone already proficient in the lan- and language and conditions in his pros-
JUNE 22, 1968 19
pective missionary assignment. Yes, we I hope you have enjoyed your "day"
are going to those lands to make perma- at Gilead, and who knows?-perhaps soon
nent friends with many people and to we will meet again in some missionary
make our homes there while we preach
and teach until God sees fit to conclude field.-As told by a student of the forty·
this gi-and work. filth Cl<uJ8 01 Gilead,
§fJ'gfHIMgfJlhg to.
//JOY5v/
OVING elicits conflicting re-
M actions. Says one person: "I
can't think of anything more tir-
ing or frustrating."
Yet another enthusiastically
says: "How nice! When we moved,
we reany enjoyed it. I'm sure you will too." Since it is
To understand the reactions one must estimated. that
over 38.ttlillion people in the United States
consider the attitude of '-those moving.
move annually, many families will soon be
Some families see looming before them
moving..What would be your reaction if
all the many tasks to be performed and you found it necessary to move? It might
so little time in which to do them, and be helpful to consider the experiences of
they get depressed. Others see beyond the a young housewife and her family who
work to the good accomplished by it, and gave careful consideration to their move,
their attitude is entirely different. Hence, rather than a frustrating, unpleas-
Moving is also many things to many ant experience, it proved to be an ex-
people. Some persons move because they citing and even pleasant undertaking,
have to; others, because they want to. Things to Do Weeks Before
Yet the majority seek to better their con- She explained: "Even before my hus-
dition-to have more room, a nicer neigh- band called the moving company for an
borhood, a better school, and so forth. estimate of the cost, we went through our
Whatever the reason, moving need_ not be things, deciding which articles were to be
dreaded. If one is suffici~ntly organized kept and which discarded. This helped in
and gives enough attention to the neces- getting rid of all the junk we had accu-
sary details, it can be an experience the mulated over the years. We found that
whole family will enjoy. moving really helps one to get rid of things
20 AWAKE!
not actually needed. By the time the agent part in the mOving, and to feel responsible
for the moving company arrived, we had for his personal things. He helped to pack
a good idea of what we were taking with his own clothes, and decided which toys
us. This aided him as well, since their es- he wanted to keep and take with him. He
timate of the total cost is based upon what thoroughly enjoyed his participation.
you show them is to be moved. When children can contribute their share,
"Getting rid of Wlwanted items was they rarely become seriously affected by
easy compared to what followed. After a move. We found this to bp :the case.
sorting things out, they had to be packed
in boxes or cartons. We packed our out~ Work Just Prior to Moving
ofMseason clothes, hobby paraphernalia, "Most of the work during that last week
pictures, books, drapes and other equip~ was time consuming. My husband had to
ment not currently in use. disconnect the washing machine and cer-
"Next, it was my duty to send out cards, tain other fixtures. It was rather hard on
secured from the post office, notifying him, for most of the work had 'to be done
friends and relatives of our intended move when he came home tired at night.
and new address. It was amazing how "Two or three days before moving, we
many had to be infonned, including in~ received the barrels and cartons we had
surance companies, banks, department ordered from the movers. Then we packed
stores and others. Also magazine subscrip.- the pots, roasting pans and other larger
tions needed to be changed. utensils not immediately needed at the
"Further, we had to let the utility comM bottom of the barrels, followed by the
pany know the last day we would require dishes and glassware. To ensure careful
gas and electricity. They took a meter wrapping of these latter items we used
reading the day before and our bill was old newspapers. This is firte insulation, for
adjusted accordingly, preventing any su}).. paper prevents glassware from jarring
sequent tenant's use of the service to be while in transit.
charged to our account. In a similar way "When moving, the idea) situation is to
the phone company was notified approxi~ get access to the new place a few o.ays
mately what hour of the day we expected before, or even week;s in the case of a
to leave the premises. On the morning of house. This enables one to clean, move in
our m6ve we still had service, but by the certain delicate items and, if nothing else,
time we were about to leave, the phone to stock the refrigerator with food. There
had been disconnected. It worked out quite is so little time for shopping on moving
well. Of course, arrangements were made day, and food is one of the messiest things
for both services to be installed at our to move. However, in our case, we did
new apartment. not get the key to our new apartment
"Some weeks before. my husband and I Wltil we moved in, which made it a bit
decided to condition our fiveMyear--old for difficult. So what we did was shop for food
the move; our YOWlger boy was too small. in limited quantities that last week, using
I took him a few times to see the new up what perishable foodstuffs we had.
apartment. the neighborhood and the
school he would later be attending. Well, Moving Day Arrives
it worked out beautifully. He got quite "The day for which we had planned for
excited about seeing it all. weeks finally arrived. And, with it, all the
"Also, we encouraged him to have a last~minute items to be attended to. I
22 AWAKE!
By "Awakel" corre!pondent Family and Other Influences
in the Netherlands When a baby comes into
F YOU were a violinist
I no doubt you would be
willing to part with a
the world, its name is soon
registered. Is the name
just as new as the child?
goodly portion of your Probably not. It is like-
means to be able to ly that a long line of
buy a genuine Stradi- predecessors, in one
varius. And then you way or another, con-
would congratulate tributed to the name.
yourself for having an Many parents, for in-
instrument that bears the stance, are influenced by
name of the famous violin family ties. Grandparents,
maker. And yet this same via· brothers, sisters, aunts and
lin stripped of this famed name other relatives find it delightful
would be worth only a fraction of its val~ to recognize at least a portion of their
ue. Swindlers have well understood this name in fue baby's name, and many par-
and have profited by selling imitations ents accommodate the relatives, especially
bearing the name Stradivarius. fuose particularly beloved.
This clearly illustrates the value of a Sometimes a child is given a nwnber of
name. A name can take on great meaning names in addition to his given or first
when attached to a certain person or ob- name and his surname. What of the fa-
ther who, in a burst of enthusiasm, gave
ject. Whether the mention of a name will
his child as a lifetime gift the names of
be received with enthusiasm or repug- all the players, yes, all eleven, of his fa-
nance depends on the qualities of its bear- vorite soccer team? No wonder that a
er. A name not particularly pleasing to council member of a small municipality
the ear can win a melodious ring if as- once suggested that it levy taxes on ex-
sociated, for example, with a charming, tra names! In some cases folly accompa-
modest woman, while even the most beau- nies fue choice of name. In the Nether-
tiful name becomes tainted by some ill- lands, an infamous user of marijuana
tempered, immodest woman. chose Marie Juana as the name for his
Benevolence as well as malevolence are daughter.
reflected in names. The name Florence The Hebrew patriarchs of old found it
has, since Nightingale, been regarded by enough, as a rule, to choose one name for
many as an attractive name, whereas their child. And who would say that they
many fathers would not easily settle for were not successful in giving interesting
Adolf for their baby boy since Hitler's and pleasant-sounding names? Could not
day. What about your name, your gift Rachel, whose name means "ewe," boast
for a li~etime? How is your name received that she had received a pleasant name?
by people? Even though it may not be God changed Abram's name to Abraham,
viewed as euphonious, if you are display- meaning "father of a rnultitude"--only
ing fine qualities, your name will undoubt- one name, but very meaningful.
edly sound good in the ears of those who In those days when a name began to
know you. occur so frequently that confusion threat-
JUNE St, 1968 23
ened, ,one way the problem took surnames from their fa-
was solved was by attaching ther's given name, the suffix
the name of a person's place or prefix meaning "son of,"
of residence. So Judas, a man appearing in a number of lan-
evidently from the village of guages. This "son of" is com-
Kerioth, became Judas Iscar- monly found in Scandinavian
lot, the Greek word Iscariot names ending in -sen or -son,
apparently meaning "man thus Johnson, meaning "son
from Kerioth." of John." Other "son of"
Family names became com- names are German ones end-
mon about the beginning of ing in -son or -sohn, Russian
the thirteenth century of our names ending in -ovitch and
Common Era. Many of these Irish names beginning with
gifts for a lifetime came 0'.
about originally from a man's When Jewish families
place of resIdence. Some who adopted surnames, many
lived near a hill or mountain, chose a pleasant combination
for instance, became called of words such as gold, silver,
Hill in England, Dumont or rose (rosen), mountain
Depew in France, Zola in (berg), stone (stein), and val-
Italy, Jurek in Poland, and so ley (thal) , resulting in Gold-
forth. berg, Silverstein and Rosen-
A great many stU'names re- thal, and so forth.
sulted from one's occupation.
Among some of these com- First Names
mon gifts for a lifetime are Much has changed in the
Baker, Carpenter, Clarke field of giving first names. In
(English pronunciation for times past names were usu-
clerk), Cook, Miller and ally confined to a certain geo-
Smith, an abbreviated form graphic area, but modern
of blacksmith. Smith, the means of communication
most common family name in have shrunk the world. No
the English language, is called wonder that offices at which
Schmidt in Germany, Schmid names are registered have
in the Netherlands, Lefevre felt the effect! In the Nether-
in France and Ferraro in lands, for example, registra-
Italy. Indicating that tailor- tion clerks generally record
ing has long been an occupa- Geertje's, Jannetje's, Maar-
tion in many lands is the fre- ten's and WiUem's, but short-
quency of the name Taylor, 1y after a space success, they
Tailleur- (French), Schneider were suddenly flooded with
(German) and Snijder John's and Glenn's. And noted
(Dutch). Perhaps your name names in the motion-pictUre
came from an occupation of industry spurred the usage of
one of your ancestors. Shirley, Marlene., Clark, Cary
Many persons, of course, and others.
24 AWAKE!
Very few parents today COllcern'them- Samuel' (Name of God). Is your gift for
selves with the meaning of a given name. ... lifetime one of the names from the
For many the requirements are simply .dible?
that a name have a pleasant SOluld and From common Greek names came Bar-
that it be in fashion. If the parents choose bara (Stranger), George (from Greek g6,
a traditional form of a name, there is meaning "earth," and, ergon, meaning
great likelihood that the name occurs also "work"; hence a tiller of the soil), Helen
in other lands. A seemingly good, solid (Light), Philip (Lover of Horses), Alex-
Dutch name, Alexander, has brothers and ander (Helper of Mankind) and Cynthia
sisters in many lands: Alexandre from Mt. Cynthus in Delos, legendary
(French), AUessandro (Italian), Alejan- birthplace of Greek deities of the moon.
dro (Spanish), Alexandr (Czech), Sacha From the Latin came, such common
(Russian), Iskander (Arabic), as_well as names as Clarence (Famous), Victor
the feminine forms, Alexandra, Sandra, (Conqueror) and Virginia (pertaining to
Alexandrina and others. spring). Martin, meaning "warlike," came
The same applies to the name Theodore from Mars, god of war.
(French and English); in Italy the bearer Many first names are of Teutonic origin,
ofthe name is called Teodoro and, in Rus- especially boys' names. William (from
sia, Fedor. In addition, this name has a wille, meaning "will," and helm, meaning
host of derivatives as Dej, Darus, Dut, "helmet") signifies "Will, helmet." Ar-
Teo, The, Thij, Theed, and SQ forth. thur, meaning "fearless" or "valorous," is
How often a certain name or its deriva- from Am (eagle) and Thor, a god of
tive is chosen is illustrated by the fact thunder, might and war.
that in the Netherlands, with a population Yes, most names, whether given or sur-
of 12.5 million, Johannes (Jan, Johan, name, are not new creations but have
Hans) occurs about one million times! quite a history. And over the years, it
Some of the ancient Romans preferred must be remembered, they have been_ sub-
to solve the problem of name giving in ject to no little influence, especially as
a simple manner. They did not burden names go from one language to another.
themselves by contemplating a long time Thus Dutch Roggenfelder (dweller in or
on what name to give. They just simply near a rye fi~ld) became the American
numbered their offspring. The first, sec- Rockefeller. Even in one land a name
ond, third, fourth, and so forth, call'l:e to would get variations. Pea~ants would
be called: Primus, Secundus, Tertius, speak it in their local dialect; city folks
Quartus, Quintus, Sextus, and so forth. may'have said it another way. So, many
This brings us to the origin of first variations of a name carrie about.
names. A great nwnber of common names Whatever the sound or history of your
come from the Hebrew names in the Bi- name, it is largely up to you as to how it
ble. Perhaps the most common boy's name will be received by others. Will it mean
is John (Jehovah Is Gracious) and the to them good feeling, encouragement, fine
mdst common girl's name is Mary (Greek example and inspiration? It depends on
form of the Hebrew Miriam, perhaps whether you display genuine Christian
meaning "rebellion"). Other common qualities. (Gal. 5:22, 23), And, of course,
names from the Bible are David (Be- it does help when parents use good judg-
loved), Elizabeth (God Is Her Oath), ment in bestowing a name on their baby,
James (a fonn of the name Jacob) and for it is a gift for a lifetime.
JUNE 22, 1961'1 25
RelatIves Respond to 8''''e Truth
• The minister at God who faithfully sows and nephews who were studying the Blble
the seeds of Bible truth in the hearts of his with Jehovah's witnesses were baptized?
relatives never knows where or when they "Like a thoughtful, loving Father, Jehovah
mIght sprout. (Eeel. 11:6) Illustrating the satisfied my longing to have some of my
truthfulness of this point is the following relatives attend an assembly with me. A
experIence of one of Jehovah's witnesses: month before the 1967 assembly I received
"After the international assemblies in 1953 a letter that said: 'At least six of us are
and 1958, I made a special effort to visit my coming out to attend the district assembly
relatives before returning home. However. with you.' In this same letter I learned that
it seemed that they were ndt responsIve. another niece was baptized at the assembly
During the assem'b\y in 191)0, I saw tbe joy in A1abama and that my fleshly sister and
that many Witnesses had in havIng their rela- still another niece were planning to be bap.
tives there, and I hoped in my heart that I tized in September.
too could someday attend an assembly, w~th "The t4ne we spent together at the as·
soine of my relatives. About two weeks later, sembly was too delightful for words, and
I received a telephone call from my rela- how encouraging it was to go out together
tives to whom I had witnessed, and they in the preaching work! For two happy weeks
we enjoyed fellowship as never before. From
informed me that two of my nephews had the seeds planted years ago there was a
been kllled in an automobile accident. I was growth beyond expectation, for they told me
surprised to learn that the funeral was to be that the congregation they attend is made
conducted by Jehovah's witnesses. One of my up mostly of our relatives."
nephews killed had attended an assembly Truly such an experience encourages all
of the Witnesses and was planning to be bap· of God's servants never to hold back from
tized. Can you imagine how I felt inside scattering the seeds of truth among their
when I later learned that five of my nieces relatives.
*'
Marrying Young
A marked increase in the
active dating methods, and Colt is producing the rifles."
from th,ese he has concluded
that the age of the earth must Pili Health Hazard
marriage rate and a marked
decrease in the birthrate were
features of interest in the 1968
be measured 'in thousands of *' New evidence indicates that
years, and not m1ll10ns or bil· birth-control pills may be 'haz-
Yearbook published by the lions.' "Dating Is the key issue ardous to health. On the basis
30 AWAKEI
of new findings the Food and might well be called the 'age er, DavId G8,J"cla, claimed "a
Drug Administration an· of depression: succeeding the miracle," saying "the disaster
nounced on May 10 new label· 'age of anxiety' of a genera· could have been worse." It
ing requirements for birth·con· tion or so ago." There are could have been prevented, too,
trol pills. British researchers about 90,000 persons hospital- if simple directions had been
have discovered that those tak· ized in America each year be· followed.
ing the pills increase their cause of acute depression. One
chances of death or disease expert believes "millions" of Fighting Cholera.
due to blood clots by seven to Americans are receiving anti- + On April 26 strict preven-
ten times. depressant drugs from family tive measures were imposed in
physicians and psychiatrists_ West Pakistan to check the
*
A Mass for mt1er
In Madrid, Spain, on the
morning of May 10, a mass
More than 19,000 persons com-
mit suicide each year In Amer·
ica, with many cases unreport-
spread of a cholera epidemic.
The disease has caused about
200 deaths.
was said "for the repose of ed. Famed psychiatrist Dr.
the soul of Adolf Hitler and Karl Menninger says there are The Salty Ocean
those of all who died defend· 60 attempts for every success· + It has been estimated that
ing Christianity and the civili· ful suicide. the oceans contain as much as
zation of the West." Some 300 50 quadrillion tons (50 million
Spaniards filed out of the Claimed "8 'Mlracle" billion tons) of dissolved sol-
Church of San Martin, raised + Faith healing received a ids. According to Science Di-
their right hands in a Fascist setback when a grandstand gest for May 1968, if all the
built for 2,000 collapsed under salt could be removed from
salute and broke into a Nazi the weight of 5,000 persons on
marching song. the oceans and spread evenly
April 5 in ChilIan, Chile. In· over the earth's land surface,
stead of receiving on-the·spot
*
Age of Depression
A physicians' journal, Med-
ical World News, noted recent-
faith cures, the seventy-nine
injured, five ~f them seriously,
were rushed to the hospital
it would form a layer ;more
than 500 feet thick........about the
height of a 40.story building.
ly, "(the depression syndrome) for more expert treatment. Seawater is 220 times saltier
is so common that our era Still the Puerto Rican preach. than fresh lake water.
Read
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures.
Available in English, Italian and Spanish. Send only 8/6
(for Australia. $1; for South Africa," 'Ilk).
Keep Your Home Cool During Summer Heat.~_~ __ ." "V, ._.
JULY 8.1968
THE REASON FOR THIS MAGAZINE
News sources that ore able to keep you awake to the vital issues of our times must
he unfettered by censorship and selfish interests. "Awakel" has no fetters. It recognizes
facts, faces facts, is free to 'publish facts. It is not bound by political ties; it is unham-
pered by traditional creeds. This magazine keeps itself free, that it may speak freely to
you. But it does not abuse ils freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
The viewpoint of "Awake!" is not narrow, but is international. "Awake'" has its
own correspondents in scores of nations. Its articles ore read in many lands, in many
languages, by millions of persons.
In every issue "Awake!" presents vital topics on which you should be informed. It
features penetrating articles on social conditions and offers sound counsel for meeting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent passes in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the fields of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious issues alert you to matters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences and points of human interest are all embraced in its coverage. "Awake I" pro-
vides wholesome, instructive reading for'eveiy member of the family.
"Awake!" pledges itself to righteous principles, to exposing hidden foes and subtle
dQngers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners .and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the establish-
ment of God's righteous new order in this generation.
Get acquainted with "Awake!" Keep awake by reading "Awakel"
CONTENTS
The Pleasure of Listening Guidcbook to Sinai 20
to Grandparents 3 The Highest Waterfall 20
Keep Your 'Home Cool
Meet Alaska's King Crab 21
DUring Summer Heat 9
Supreme Court Agrees: Your Children Time of Rejoicing High in the Andes 25
Do Not Belong to You 12 "Your Word Is Truth"
Best Fliers Are Still Birds 16 Faith Ht'aling Today
Mauritius Comes of Age 17 -Is It from God? 27
'Written Just for Me!' 19 Watching the World 29
2
"h is already the hour for you to awake."
_R ..",,,n. 13 :11
RANDFA'TIIER was well over eighty. than the rest of us. Often he would tell us
G He was a tall man with gentle blue
eyes and a bushy, white beard. He had a
how things in the world have changed
since 1914. "You can see it in the papers
wonderful face, with an aura of great dig- and in the attitude of the people," he
nity and composure. He was our friend would say. "People have become lovers
and confidant. of themselves, lovers of money, self-
Grandpa loved to walk. He especially assuming, haughty,. blasphemers; children
liked walking in the sand along the sea- have become disobedient to parents, Wl-
shore. We liked him best when he would thankful, disloyal. There's little natural
take us along and carry us about "piggy- affection left in the world; people are not
back" and talk to us about God. Some- open to any agreement, many are slan-
times grandpa would burst out and sing. derers, without self-control, fierce, with-
He had a scratchy high tenor' voice. out love of goodness. We live today among
Grandma wished he would stop singing, betrayers, people who are headstrong,
because he reany could not carry a tune, puffed up with pride, lovers of pleasures
but, we liked it. When we joined in and rather than lovers of God. And that's
sang together, it made us feel good at what the Bible said they would be in the
heart. 'last days,''' granddad would say with a
Grandpa loved the Bible and taught us smile.-2 Tim. 3:1-5.
how to read it. Every night after supper However, as we grew older our inter-
grandma would get out the big black book ests changed. When my brother Jim and
and grandpa would say, "What will it be I became teen-agers we began to think
tonight?" Each night he would read a that granddad lived in a dream world.
different story. Grandma's favorite was Nevertheless, we enjoyed being with him
the book of Ruth. We liked Joseph and his because he loved life.
brothers or David and Goliath. We were For example, when he would walk in the
fascinated with these stories. Grahddad sand he would look at the patterns be-
would read aloud, because he read better neath his feet. He held up pieces of wood
JULY 8, 1968 3
and stone and examined them. "A shell!" crowded around him and were amazed to
he shouted one day, with absolute delight. see that the papers were dated 1907, 1909,
"Look! It still has the sunrise in it!" We 1910, 1913 and 1914.
rushed over to have a look. We had passed "Look through these papers," he said,
such shells a thousand times. Now sudden- "and you'll see none of the big-time crime,
ly I felt new wonderment, not so much at murders and wars we have today. I know
the shell, but at my granddad who was how you young ones think. You think we
so much alive. He was more alive than old folks dream these things up."
we were. A tinge of embarrassment swept over
i found myself thinking about grandpa. us. There was The Evening Journal from
There was something different about him, Wilmington, Delaware. It had twelve pages
something so simple yet so profound that and cost one cent. The date was Decem-
I could not quite grasp it. Out of the ber 20, 1913, and it read like some folksy
corner of my eye I could see that he was cOWltry newspaper.
not putting on a show for our sake. His "You're surprised, aren't you?" grand-
face turned skyward to watch a sea gull dad remarked with a twinkle in his eye,
ride the stream of the wind. His mind as he watched our .facial expressions.
was in fascination. "0 that's beautiful!" "This was a big newspaper back there,
he said, and then looked at me. He was but people were friendly and you can tell
happier tha.r;t a child. He had the secret it by the way the paper reads. Now note
of living. He did not regret the past or the difference in the tone of the news
flinch from the future. He lived in the from June 29, 1914, and after. Here's the
present. New York Times; read it for yourself."
I said: "Granddad, you enjoy life so There were threats of war in the air and
much. \Vhat's your secret?" the news was as somber as it is today.
He smiled and quoted the words of The smell of the attic and old news-
Christ: "Never be anxious about the next papers made the setting ideal to ask
day, for the next day will have its own granddad about some of the things Jim
anxieties." (Matt. 6:34) He was a living and I talked about in private. I nudged
example of the truthfulness of those words. Jim to speak up.
Even as teen-agers it was a treat to visit "Granddad," said Jim, "tell us what was
grandpa and grandma. They lived in an so different about those days. Farmers
old wooden farmhouse that had seven didn't have tractors, milking machines or
rooms and an attic. The attic was a anything. It was just all hard work on
museum where Jim and I spent hours the fanns and in the factory,. wasn't it?"
rummaging through old things. One day "It's true," grandpa said, "we didn't
jokingly we said to granddad that we have tractors, but we had horses. Do you
wanted to ransack the attic and "see the know what it's like to own a horse, to
great change that has come over the feed it, to have it eat oats out of your
world." He sensed the sarcasm in our hand, to brush it until it shines? Let me
words. tell you, son, there's something really nice
"You don't believe me when I say times lbout that feeling that you don't get from
have changed, do you?" Without waiting owning a tractor."
for an answer, he marched upstairs, went "Yes, grandpa, but walking behind a
directly to an old trunk, opened it and plow acre after acre is enough to kill a
pulled out some yellow-looking papers. We man!" Jim countered.
4 AWAKE!
for you. I remember when none of
that was."
Grandpa smiled and for a mo-
ment did not say a thing, but we
could almost hear him thinking. So
we coaxed him to tell, us about the-
people he knew and what made
him so sure that these were the
"last days."
Jim, in the modern vernacular,
said, "Tell it like it is, grandpa."
And granddad gave him a great
big smile. "I will, I will,"
he said, as he, adjusted hls
back against the trunk.
III
Keep Your Home Cool
During Summer Heat
"THAT is im-
possible," you
might respond. , ,"
"There must be
some mistake. The
Supreme Court of
the United States
would never agree
with such a deci-
sion."
Yet, as shocking as it sounds, this is obtained a court order from Judge W. G.
exactly what has occurred. On April 8, Whitlatch, taking the child from the cus-
and again on May 27, 1968, the Supreme tody of her parent, and performed the
Court of the United States upheld just operation over the mother's objection.
such a ruling by refusing to hear an ap- In other cases, certain doctors have felt
peal from the decision of a lower court. that the only form of effective treatment
The case involved the question of who is blood transfusion. For example, they
should determine the medical treatment often have insisted that children born with
given to children-the doctors and hospi- the Rh disease erythroblastosis fetaIis can
tal or the parents of the children? be treated successfully only by exchange
transfusions, in which the blood of the
Parental Rights Overruled newborn ~ child is replaced by ddnated
In recent years some doctors have chal- whole blood. However, some parents have,
lenged the parents' right to make that for sound reasons, desired that their chil-
decision. They have insisted that they, and dren receive treatment other than blood
not the parents, should have the final transfusions. Yet the doctors have gone
choice as to what treatment should be ad- ahead with the transfusions anyway, over
ministered. They have even forced their the objections of the parents.
choice of treatment upon children, over Do you approve of such a practice?
their parents' objections. When parents desire one fonn of medical
For example, Cleveland, Ohio, doctors treatment for their child and doctors want
some time ago urged that an operation be another, do you believe it proper that hos-
~onned on a fourteen-year-old girl who pitals and doctors should be able to ob-
had cancer of the hip. However, the moth- tain a court order to secure custody of
er objected to use of surgery in treating the child and administer the treatment
the cancer. Therefore, hospital authorities they think best?
12 AWAKE!
It was just such issues that were p~ she shOUld have her gangrenous leg am-
sented to the Supreme Court. And, by its putated. She refused, apparently prefer-
action, it sided with the doctors and the ring to take the chance of dying rather
hospitals, endorsing their action of forc- than to live without a leg. The doctors did
ing blood transfusion upon minor children. not agree with her deCision, and a court
Thus, the Court, in eifect, said; Your chil- order was obtained authorizing the opera-
dren do not belong to you. Medical men tion. The -patient was forced to have. he.r
can seize them when they see fit and ad- leg amputated despite her strenuous ob-
minister the treatment they desire. jections.
In considering this matter of individual
Implications of the Decision rights in connection with medical treat-
It is sobering, yes, frightening to con- ment, an editorial in The Trentonian,
Sider the practices to which this decision (Trenton, Ontario), November 8, 1967,
of the Supreme Court opens the door. If asked: "Are we not all in the pOSition
you as a parent cannot decline for your where what we seek from doctors is ad-
child a blood transfusion, then what as- vice, which, theoretically, we are at lib-
surance does any American parent have erty to rejed? Or does the law think a
that he ,can decline for his child any other doctor is infallible, and we must always
surgical procedure or treatment of an ex- accept his say-so?"
perimental type, whether the doctor in- The Supreme Court of the United
volved is competent or incompetent? States has, in effect, ruled that the "doc-
By clear implication, if, in the opi$n tor is infallible, and we must always ac-
of the doctor, a child needed a heart trans- cept his say-so."
plant, kidney transplant, removal of or-
gans, or some other operation, would he Abetting Medical Abuses
not feel free to proceed with such treat- The danger in giving doctol'S such un-
ment whether the parents approve or not? limited freedom is pointed up by the re-
N~t only that, but if, in the opinion of the sults of a seven-year study by Dr. Ray-
doctor, your child was dying, but had a mond S. Duff, a pediatrician who teaches
good heart or some other organ that at the Yale University School of Medicine,
might be used in another child, might not and Professor August B. Hollingshead, a
the doctor, on the basis of the freedom famed sociologist. Their, findings about the
given him by the Supreme Court, feel free state of patient care in a first-rate hos-
to remove the beart or other organ of pital are published in the recently released
your child and transplant it into some book Sickness and Society. They observe:
other child? "Patients were more often the tools of
Then, too, being granted freedom by learning than the objects of concern in the
the Supreme Court to force treatment up- eyes of those that cared for them. The
on minor children, some doctors undoubt- phrase 'clinical material' is symbolic of
edly will consider this license also to force this situation."
medical treatment upon adults avec their McCall's magazine, May 1968, in «'--
objections. This is bound to be the case, viewing the findings, reported: "The inod-
since some doctors already have taken ern hospital is a jungle that one enters
upon themselves to do this very thing. at great risk, . . . Hospitals are run to
For example, in Miami, florida, Mrs. suit doctors, s.tudents, nurses, bUl'eaucrats,
Regina Sovner was told by doctors that teachers, researchers, and everyone else
JULY 8, 1968 13
connected with them except, the patients. Qoetor is responl;ible for many families of
. . . the authors of the study give ample Qiverse backgroQnds and belief!>. He must
learn to respect them all."
evidence that it is time for patients to
assert their rights." The decision of the Supreme Court Will
Yet the Supreme Court ruling further probably not alter the attitude of doctors
shackles patients from asserting their who hold such Views. But for others, and
rights. It encourages medical abuses. That the evidence unfortunately is that there
the peril in many hospitals is real is noted are many, the Supreme Court ruling will
in the well-documented book The Doctors undoubtedly encourage them to be even
(1966), which says on page 287: bolder in forcing treatment upon patients
against their wishes.
''The injection ot live cancer ~ns by S"l.oan·
Kettering experimenters Into chronically 111 Steps Leading to the Decision
patients at the Jewish Chronic Disease
Hospital in Brooklyn occupied newspaper This case, whkh carries such far-
headlines because of its supposed uniqueness. reaching implications, originated in Wash~
EVen the cursory reader of current medical ington state. There, under color of a Wash-
literature and the receptJve listener to the ington state law, it has become the prac-
fears of medical critics can see that such tice to remove children from the custody
callous human experiments have become
commonplace. The onerQUS threat of a de- of parents who are Jehovah's witnesses if
humanized medical science that implacably the doctors feel that they might want to
considers humans-infants, pregnant women, give the children blood transfusions. In
the retarded, the dying, the well, the sick order to obtain relief from this practice
-as 'laboratory animals' Js apparently a of 1nvading the privacy of their families,
contemporary medical reality."
Jehovah's witnesses initiated this case.
ThiS, however, is not to imply that all Finally, June 19-21, 1967, the matter
doctors would perform "such callous hu- came to court, being argued before a
man experiments." Nor are all doctors like three-judge United States District Court
those whom Professors Duff and Hollings- in Seattle, Washington. Five months later,
head said were uninterested in and "knew I on November 20, 1967, the three jud~es
little about the patientS as human beings." ruled against Jehovah's witnesses, assert-
To the contrary, many doctors have genu· ing that "no rights W1der the Constitution
ine concern for' their patients, and would are abridged under the state law."
do nothing against their wishes. They con· Jehovah's witnesses, therefore, appealed
cur with the expressions of the doctor who to the United States Supreme Court. But
wrote in the November 1%1 Medical on April 8, 1968, the Court, by a 7 to '2
Time8: vote, refused even to 'hear the case, and on
"In determining the modes a.nd Jnten.sity May 27, 1968, by denying a petition for
of treatment, the doctor must be careful not rehearing- it affinned its position. Thus,
to project his own feelings and his own-
culture into the lives of people with different without listening to any oral argument,
pel'suasions. He is not God .••. the Supreme Court agreed Witll the lower
"I believe that respect for the dignity of court, sanctioning the high-handed, dic~
the person and of the family in our society tatorial procedure of forcing treatment up·
is more important than the death of a.n IndJ.. on patients against their will.
Vidual. The family can make these decisions
only for a small, circumscribed group. There
is less danger in respecting their beliefs than
A Just Decision?
in putting the doctur in a 'P(}sition to act as to announcing its decision, later upheld
the final arbiter between life and death. The by the Supreme Court, the three-judge
14 AWAKEI
district court said: ''The ovelWhelming dicate a "not only safe but necessary"
weight of non-sectarian medical opinion is therapy? Db you think it Droner that a
that blood transfusions are necessary in treatment that is Wlquestionably respon-
certain cases to save lives, and, in fact, do sible for "a tremendous loss of life and
save lives." (Seattle Times~ November 21, induced illness" should be forced upot). vic-
1967) But since when is "non-sectarian tims against their will?
medical opinion" beyond question, or does However, the danger from blood trans-
it make law? fusions is even greater than suspected
It will be recalled that for a considerable earlier, resulting recently in urgings that
period of time "non-sectarian medical the use of pooled plasma be discontinued.
opinion" authorized the use of thalidomide Explains the Journal of the American
for pregnant women. All will remember Medical Association, April 8, 1968:
what happened to that "non-sectarian med- "New evidence that pooled human plasma
ical opinion"! It will also be recalled that readily transmits hepatitis has led a National
for a considerable period bloodletting was Research Council committee to recommend
the "non-sectarian medical opinion," and that its clinical use 'be discouraged and even
discontinued.'
that George Washington was bled to death "An estimated 300,000 Units of pooled
because of it. Can we not be glad the plasma are used annually in the United
courts did not decide to make that medi- States."
cal treatment compulsory? Medical views In connection with this shocking "new
change quite rapidly. What place is there evidence/' the Medical World News} May
for trying to set them in the concrete of 3, 1968, commented:
the law? "Since the average patient receives about
But, it has been contended, blood trans- three units, 100,000 patients may be at risk
fusions are different-t;hey "are not only each year. At the 10% incidence disclosed in
safe but necessary." Is this really true? the California study, pooled plasma would
Are blood transfusions safe to force upon infect 10,000 patients a year."
other people's children? Consider what the And it is such treatment, condemned by
standard surgical work Complications in the National Research COWlcil that is be-
Surgery Management (1961) says Wlder ing forced on minors Wlder ~olor of the
the heading "CumUlative Mortality from law!
Complications of Blood Transfusions":
Alternative Treatment
"The annual mortality from only 3 compll· It is not that blood transfusions 'are the
cations of blood transfusion (hemolytic
reactions, overload and serum hepatitis) is only treatment available, and are there-
computed to be 16,500. Although some as· fore necessary for survival. There are al-
sumptions used in arriving at this figure ternative forms of treatment, and these
may be challenged, one cannot dispute the actually have proved preferable. Dr. Wal-
fact that there is a tremendous loss of life ter Alvarez, Emeritus Consultant, Mayo
and induced illness from this procedure,
which is intended to be therapeutic. In terms Clinic, on June 25, 1965, observed: "In re-
of disability and loss of life the sequelae ot cent years, there has been a craze for giv-
blood transfusions rival some of our major ing blood transfusions when the patient
health problems." could have recovered without it."
How can anyone reasonably say in the The New Orleans Times-Picayune,
face of this information that blood trans- March 18, 1968, reported concerning the
fusions "are not only safe but necessary"? successful open-heart surgery performed
Do some 16,500 dead patients a year in- by the prominent surgeon Dr. Denton A.
JULY 8, 1968 15
Cooley: "The massive blood transfusions and tnIS IS a decIsion that properly belongs
of the past have been replaced by glucose to the parents. It is not neglect on their
and water solutions. . . . Dr. Cooley said part to choose a fonn of treatment that
'a total of 4,000 open heart surgery opera- shows respect for Almighty God's law that
tions"have been perfonned at my hospital forbids the taking of blood into the hu-
(Baylor) using the glucose methods.''' man body.-Lev. 17:12; Acts 15:29.
And the same New Orleans newspaper, of
February 1, 1968, quoted the well-known Precautions to Avoid Abuses
heart surgeon Dr. Charles P. Bailey as Knowledge of the Supreme Court deci-
saying: "If a surgeon can safely perfonn sion has been publicized by the medical
open heart surgery without the aid of profession. The ,_ American Hospital Asso-
blood transfusions, it certainly is better ciation circulw This Week . .. For Hos-
for the patient." pitals, April 19, 1968, annoW1ced: "The
There are also ways of combating the U.S. Supreme Court has upheld the right
Rh disease erythroblastosis fetalis in chil- of the courts to order blood tra11$fusions
dren other than by the risky procedure of for minors over parents' religious objec-
exchange blood transfusions. For exam- tions."
ple, success has been reported in avoiding So you may find it increasingly difficult
the Rh threat by giving the expectant to get the kind of medical treatment that
mother large doses of citrus bioflavonoids you want for your children. Due to the
throughout her pregnancy. (MD magazine. threat that, once your child is in a hos-
.July 1967) Also the Medical World News pital, he may be seized by the medical staff
of February 17. 1967, reported that the for treatment contrary to your wishes,
including of charcoal in the feedings of caution dictates that you ascertain ahead
newborn infants has been successfully em- of' time which doctors will respect your
ployed in reducing serum bilirubin to safe scruples. Visit the doctor; talk with him.
levels. Use of blood transfusions, thereby. Does he give the impression of truly car-
had all but been eliminated in the hospital ing? Does he really listen to you, or is
using this treatment. he indifferent to your explanations and
So there are alternative.- treatments to questions? Will he really respect your
blood transfusions. True, there is the risk choice of medical treatment?
that such treatment may not prove sue- In view of this Supreme Court ruling
eessful, but the risks involved in blood giving such great power to doctors, it is
transfusion are even more numerous. So only the part of wisdom to find one in
when there are two risks, a decision must advance who will respect your wishes, and
be made as to which one will be accepted, then consult him in time of need.
Despite the remarkable advances man has made in aeronautics, birds are still
superior fliers, having better control in the air, and man has not been able to design
a plane to match their ability to take off and land. Regarding the flying abIlity
of the albatross, the magazine Natural History of April 1960 stated: "Mankind's
own efforts at soaring flight In his most modern sailplanes, helped by the best
Instruments he can devise, seem clumsy when compared with the natural per-
formance of this great bird. The Wandering Albatross's utilization of meteorology,
aerodynamics, and applied mechanics is as marvelous as its split-second reactions
to constantly changing conditions, particularly In the highly turbulent air around
the waves."
16 AWAKE!
many matters could
be swiftly decided
on the spot, with·
comes of age out reference to the
Colonial Office of
the distant British
Government.
A Varied History
Located far out
in the Indian Ocean,
this island appears
By "AwClkeJ" (orrespondent in Mouriliu5 to have been first
discovered by the
FTER a weekend of unusually poor Portuguese early in the sixteenth century.
A weather, independence day dawned It was uninhabited. Its discoverers named
beautifully at Port Louis, capital of the it /lha da Cirnos (Swan Island) because of
British crown colony of Mauritius. It was its swanlike birds, but, since they were
March 12, 1968. For months the popula· mainly traders, they saw little value in an
tion had been anticipating the holiday, the island with no customers. Next the Dutch
ceremonies and the celebrations that were took possession in 1598 and built a fort,
to mark the coming of age of their is· at the same time changing the name of
land home. Mauritius would now, like an the island to Mauritius, in honor of their
adult, care for its own responsibilities, be own Prince Maurice. But they did little
answerable for its own chosen policies. more.
At noon came the high point in the Following abandonment by the Dutch,
proceedings when the Governor General the French took over the territory, re-
and Prime Minister both walked toward christening it "Isle of France." During a
the flagstaff there on the Champ de Mars century of French administration the
racecourse. The British flag was lowered, economy of the island improved consid·
and in its place soon fluttered the flag of erably. Sugarcane was introduced: as well
independent Mauritius, with its four hori~ as other export crops. From Mrican and
zontal bands of red, dark blue, yellow and Asiatic lands came immigrants to work
green. Loud cheering broke out on the the cane fields, laying the groundwork for
part of the tens of thousands -assembled today's cosmopolitan population.
when the new national anthem sounded Early in the nineteenth century came
forth. a new administration. By the Treaty of
It was a moment of triumph for Prime Paris, which ended the lengthy war be~
Minister Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam. tween Britain and France, England was
Only last August he led the Mauritius La· confirmed as the new colonial master of
bor Party to victory at the polls in elec~ the island, and the name once more re~
tions that were decided mainly over the verted to Mauritius. The islanders were to
issue of independence. There was great retain their own law, customs anB rell·
optimism about what could now be done gion, which accounts for the fact that
for the betterment of the people, now that after over one hundred and fifty years of
JULY 8, 1968 17
British. Protestant administration, Maurl- DOurg presented their lively folk dance,
tius continues to this day to be French the sega dance, to music of the brisk local
and Catholic in manners and customs. tempo.
The new administration is surely aware
Problems and Hopes of the many problems that need solutions.
On this sunny independence day all was One major difficulty is the fact that this
calm and peaceful. People were in a holi- island's increasing population is largely
day mood. Temporarily dismissed from dependent upon a single crop--sugarcane.
mind were the recent race riots that pro- However, efforts will be made to promote
duced a state of emergency and brought tOlU"ism and investment of foreign capital
British troops from Singapore to aid in in small industries.
the restoration of peace, Right up to and Mauritius certainly has what is called
even after independence was assured the for by lovers of the sea and water sports.
trouble had flared out. Over twenty-five Its 130 miles of coastline featlU"e beauti-
lives were lost, and, almost daily. homes ful beaches of white sand protected, for
were damaged by or even destroyed by the most part, by coral reef. Swimming
fire. Much to the dis- and water hobbies
appointment of the can be enjoyed any
majority, it was NEXT ISSUEI month of the year.
deemed inadvisable Picturesque moun-
by the British Gov- Seeking an Answer tain scenery offers
ernment for Princess to the Problem of Race refreshing contrast
Alexandra to go to the plains. For the
through with her adventurous, there
plan to be present for the independence are caverns and steep ravines to be ex-
celebration as the personal representative plored. Indeed, it would take considerable
of England's queen, who .will, incidentally, time to visit all the places of interest in
continue to be Queen of Mauritius. this island's 720 square miles.
However, many distinguished guests did As to the future, to allay fears of more
arrive from all over the world, including racial trouble the British Government has
such faraway places as the Netherlands, signed an agreement undertaking to come
Nigeria and the Chinese Republic. Doubt- to the aid of the island in any emergency
less visitors and natives aUke felt they and to train and equip the local police
could relax and enjoy themselves because and security forces. But the solid hope for
of the doubling of the British emergency a lasting bettering of conditions must be
force and the presence in the harbor of founded on the promise of the Creator,
Commonwealth and other warships. Jehovah God, to give Mauritians, as well
The dances and processions of the day as peace lovers of every race and nation,
were continual reminders of the amazing a government of peace and righteousness
mixture of races to be found here. The under the kingdom of his Son, Christ Je-
Chinese community, for example, put on sus. That is the message that is being pro-
a dragon dance. Dances typical of the In- claimed in Mauritius by over a hundred
dian state of Rajasthan were gracefully witnesses of the true God-witnesses who
performed by Mauritians of Indian de- deem it a privilege to visit at the homes
scent. And representatives of the general of the people and discuss the early fulfill-
population from across the island at Mahe- ment of God's wonderful promises.
18 AWAKEI
mf' e.
AVE you had the experience of picking up the article for the third time, and I -still was
Guidebook to Sinai
o U yO\! were going to take an extended When Dr. Shremer's team ran out of water
trip over unfamiliar terrain, would it be wise and their supply was not renewed by tanker
to have for your directions a guidebook that truck or transport plane, they were on the
was over three thousand years old? The verge of breaking off a valuable research proj_
answer to that question might depend on ect. Instead of doing so, though, Dr. Shremer
where you were traveling. If the area was reread the Bible. He concluded that they
one described in the Bible, it might be your were in the general area of one of the places
best choice as to a guidebook even though where Moses struck the rock with his rod
it was written thousands of years ago. and, by God's power, produced water for the
In the San Bernardino, California, Sun of hundreds of thousands of Israelites and theIr
October 19, 1967, there appeared an article animals.-Ex. 17:1-7; Num. 20:1·11.
entitled "1955 Book-Or Blble----Best Guides While many who read these accounts in the
to Sinai." The article began by pOinting out Bible dismiss them as legends or as exaggera·
that there are two reliable guidebooks to tions, Dr. Shremer dId not do so. Rather, he
Sinai. The first one mentioned is an 827-page concluded that water might be contained in
survey compiled by the Royal Geographic pools formed in dome·shaped chalk forma-
Society of Great Britain, with the latest tions, formations that might easily spIlt when
edition being 1955. The survey cOQsiders the rapped. Being a few miles from such a chalk
roads, climate, terrain, minerals and plant site, Shremer led the expedition there and
and animal life of Sinai. The other authorita· "tapped" a promising formation with some
sticks of dynamite. After the dust settled,
tive guidebook is the Bible, particularly the
the assembled group saw a jet of cool water
books of Exodus and Numbers. gushing out of the cleft. Concluded Shremer:
Dr. Ze'ev ShreIner, the leader of an Israeli "Moses did it without dynamite, but then I am
geological exploration team, was quoted as no Moses."
saying: "We have our own maps and geodetic The same guidebook that led these men to
survey plans, of course, but where the Bible find refreshing water is just as reliable in
and the maps are at odds, we opt for The aiding men of all nations to find the water
Book." of llfe.-John 4:14.
I
By
"Awakel" correspondent
in Alaska
24 AWAKE!
dents and the La paz mission-
aries. During the ensuing two
weeks the students alternated
between class studies and giving
time to the cleaning and paint-
ing and many other details.
'*
Victbn of Lawles!lne~
Minutes .after Senator
Robert F. Kennedy made his
taxes were less than 30 per-
cent of the nation's total out-
put of goods and services. Now
vancement of medical science."
On May 25, in an atmosphere
of secrecy, doctors at the Medi-
victory speech io the Califor· they /Ire more than 40 percent. cal College of Virginia Hospi-
nia Democratic presidential The United States and Canada tal undertook the world's 16th
primary election on June 5, he have a tax percentage of 28.2 heart transplant. Only after a
was cut down by an assassin's percent of gross national prod- radio station had reported the
bullet. The 42.year·old senator uct, and it is grOwing. Among operation and the name of the
died the next day. News ana- other percentages are France, recipient did an official of the
lyst James Reston, comment· 38.6; Norway, 35-B; Nether· hospital acknowledge that a
ing on the situation, had this lands, 35.7; Australia, 35.1; transplant had occurred. Hos-
to say: "Robert F. Kennedy Germany, 34.8; Denmark 31.6; pital officials stated that they
is only the latest victim of United Kingdom, 31.3;' Bel- wanted to avoid "premature
a modern world that has gium, 31.1, and Italy, 29.1. release of information" and to
turned loose greater forces Switzerland has a percentage accommodate the family in
than it can control. The strug· of only 21.7, and Japan 19.3. avoiding publicity. However,
gles between the nations, be- The pain of taxes Is p~rhaps members of the family of the
tween the races, between the felt more acutely in the United donor contend that no one in
rich and the poor, between the States than in many other the family gave permission
individual and bewildering lands, because the principal for the transplant, and that
change have produced a plague source of revenue is from per- insufficient etIort was made to
of lawlessness and violence sonal and corporate incomes. locate a member of the family
that is now sweeping the In other industrialized nations The family laWyer said that
globe." Reston went on to say: the emphasis is on "spending" when the deceased's brother
"There is something in the air taxes. went to the hospital the after·
of the modern world: a de- noon of May 25 after becom·
fiance of authority, ,a conta- Tax Money for Clturcb Ulle ing the first member of the
gious irresponsibility, a kind + Huge sums of taxpayers' family to learn of the death,
he was asked only one ques-
of moral delinquency, no long- money are being disbursed to
er restrained by religious or church schools under a variety tion: What undertaker did hI:'
ethical faith. And these atti· of programs in America. Whlle want to receive the body?
tudes are now threatening not the United States government "Nothing at all" was asked
only personal serenity but al- has never considered establish· about the heart, the lawyer
so public order in many parts ing a state religion, Fred P. said.
of the world." Graham writes in the New
'*
Higber Ta.xlls Everywbere
In the ten years through
York Times: "The Great So·
ciety has been great for reli·
gious institutions in many in-
'*
Student P~wer
What began as student dis-
content at the suburban Uni·
1966 the tax burden actually stances----each year the Office versity of Nanterre in Paris
grew faster than the economy of Economic Opportunity fon- suddenly flared into a nation·
in everyone of the world's nels about $90 million into wide student revolt. To follow
largest industrial nations. In programs run by churches; was a wave of student politi-
Sweden, for example, 1957 another $60 million In Federal cal violenl>f' in Japan, Italy
JULY 8, 1968 29
and several Latin·American Cernlng celibacy to the bishops massacres in Indonesia, •• the
countries, as well as Poland of the United States but "only widespread slaughter accom-
and CzechoslovakIa. In Madrid, 12 were afforded the courtesy panying the civil war in Ni·
eight hundred university stu· Of an acknowledgement." In a geria," which, it said, "have
dents shouted slogans against Cable the association further aroused a profound sense of
the government and stoned said: "The manner in which shame and indignation
the pollce on May 16. The cam· those priests are treated who throughout the world." But it
pus was left littered with request a dispensation from added. that these events are all
burned furniture and broken celibacy shows so little human· dwarfed by the present situa·
glass. In Peru, student demon- ity, so little love, so little tion in Vietnam.
strators 250 miles north of Li- Willingness to accord them the
ma blew up two bridges and
attacked the local police sta-
tion to press their demands
dignity of their personhood,
that it constitutes a major
scanda1." The association
*
A Rape In Chul"Ch
In a theater at St. Andrew's
Presbyterian Church, Toronto,
for a 'new technical university. stated that "the Church has a Canada, a rape was enacted to
On May 20 more than ,a hun- llouble standard: one which it show the apathy of people in
dred West Berlin students preaches to the world and the face of violence. An au·
moved in to occupy the East another which it enforces with· dience of some 200, however,
Asian Seminar Institute of the in the Church." found the play amusing and
Free University as an act of laughed through the staging
opposition to its director. The LivIng Costs Go of the rape. This laughter per·
police, on May 29, used tear Up, Up, and Away plexed the playwright. While
gas to evict groups of strIking ~ The NatiOnal Observer, on most spectators seemed to en·
Senegalese students who had June 3, said that, at the rate joy the production, others did
occupied Dakar University. prices are rising in America not. One man said: "What
Students at Homsey College today, haircuts someday soon you're doing is taking smut
of Art in northern London will cost $10, minus tip. The and adVertising it to attract
took over their school on May food bill for a family of four crowds." The play's director
29 and said they would hold it will be $115 a week. In just said that the play was not a
until they won reforms. In the past two years, doctors' stunt or a gimmick but a
Brussels, on May 24, students fees have leaped an average serious, deeply moral look at
of the Free University pro- of 13.9 percent; restaurant an aspect of society. "It's time
claImed their solidarity in ef- tabs, 10 percent; bus fares, 9 we in the church started to
forts to achieve reforms. Uni· percent; a half·gallon of milk, grow up. It's only through
versity disorders broke out in 10 percent, and men's shoes, awareness of what's wrong
various parts of Italy on June 11 percent. today that we can build a
1 after students and workers better tomorrow. Religion has
demonstrated in the streets of America's BiIllonaires got to get with it or it's fin·
Rome. On June 3 students in ~ According to a survey made ished."
Belgrade battled with the po- by Fortune magazine, 75-year-
lice, shouting: ''We want action old oilman J. Paul Getty and Betting on the Ponics
--enough with words!" Pro·
tests among the young appear
62.ycar·old financier Howard
l1ughes are America's only
*' Priest Joseph Jones, the
Roman Catholic rector in Cal·
to be taking a universally rev- billionaires. The survey stated verton, England, is offerIng
olutionary tenor. . that there are six Americans any ten ladies in his parish
Whose holdings are worth $2.40 each to bet on the horses.
Shortage of Priests $500,000,000 each, and 153 Their winnings go to the
.. The Roman Catholic Whose assets are worth more church. "I am prepared to
Church is worried over the than $100,000,000 each. On the hand out up to 10 pounds of
present shortage. of priests other hand, there are reported- my own money because I be-
within its ranks, according to ly millions in America im· lieve it will be an investment,"
four cardinals interviewed at mersed in poverty. Jo:o.es wrote in his weekly bul·
a recent press conference. One letin. The offer is for women
cause of the shortage has been Increase in Brutality only. Men seem not as able to
the unscriptural doctrine of ~ The International Commis- pick winners. However, the
"celibacy" held by the church. sion of Jurists warned the priest admitted he bets now
The 1,500-member National As· world earlier this year that it and then and does not do bad-
sociation of Pastoral Renewal may soon be submerged in ly. "I won enough this year to
(composed of American Ro- what it termed "a cataclysm pay for my holiday in SpaIn,"
man Catholic clergymen) in- of horror." The commission he said. Encouraging people
formed the pope that its cited in a communique "the to gamble certainly is not help·
members sent 850 letters can· unprecedented scale of the ing them to serve God.
30 AWAKE!
u.s. :ReUgioD Dying' has gone farther than any On a Rampage
.. The number of people who previous court in declaring .. Cyclones lashed Burma's
believe religion is losing fts in- that a tobacco company is "ab- southwest coast on May 10. The
fluence in American lite has solutely liable" for diseases death toll rose to 1,073. The
risen from 14 percent in 1957 caused by smoking the firm's number of known deaths in
to 67 percent in May 1968, ac· cigarettes. The report in Busi- the severe earthquake that
cording to a Gallup poll. The ness Insurance stated that "the rocked northerp. Japan the
reas(h1s tor loss of faith in decision, if upheld--could open morning of May 16 rose to 50,
religion: Young people are los· a tiood of claims from smokers according to the National Po-
Ing interest in formal religion; contending they contracted lice Agency. Ten persons were
growing crime, immorality and cancer and other diseases from reported missing and 217 in-
violence and materialistic dis· smoking cigarettes." jured as a result of the quake.
tractions, and the church is not Some 10,000 were left home-
playing its proper role. The
report stated that in 1957 only
7 percent of the Catholics
'*
Iceland Shirts Right
On May 26 the country of
Iceland switched to driving on
less. The death toll continued
to mount from a series of tor-
nadoes in 11 States in America
polled held these views, com- the right side of the road. The during May. The known dead
pared to 61 percent today. Reykjavik police said the stood at 72. More than 1,000
Among Protestants, the per- change, affecting 40,000 drivers persons were hurt in a single
centage rose from 17 in 1957 and costing about $1,000,000, night. A severe earthquake
to 69 today. 'Friendship with went off more smoothly than rocked most of New Zealand
the world makes the church had been expected. A boy cy- early May 24, killing one wom-
an enemy of God,' and it also
repels many people.-Jas. 4:4. ellst who suffered a broken leg an and injuring at lepst 14
in a traffic accident was the other persons. An earthquake
Courts, Cigarettes and Cancer country's only major road jolted a large area of western
+- The United States court of casualty in the first 24 hours Iran. More than 50 persons
appeals for the fifth circuit after the switchover. were believed dead.
Government
?.
32 AWAKE!
What Are You Doing This Summer?
PAGE 21
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CONTENTS
Racial Tension Mounts in United States 3 What Are You Doing This Summer? 21
The Roots of Racial Troubles
What Basis for Racial Prejudice? 7
• Where Is the Proof? 2.
Take a Deep Breath 25
The Real Causes of Racial Problems 10
Solving the Problem of Race 12 Your Vocabulary-How Large? 27
Desert Survival Technique 17 ''Your Word Is Truth"
How to Spin a Yarn-by Jute 18 Faith, the Possession of Few 28
A Lawless Society 20 Watching the World 30
"It is already the hour for you to awake."
-Rom ..n. 13,11
HE roots of ra-.
T cial troubles in
the United States
are not difficult to
find. Most authori-
ties agree as to
what they are.
The New York
Times'- of March 1,
1968, pointed to
these roots when it
stated: "The causes
of recent racial dis-
orders ere embed-
ded in a tangle of is-
sues and circum-
stances-social, economic, political and in political, economic and military power
psychological-which arise out of the his- the nations of Africa, the Middle East and
torical pattern of Negro-white relations in Asia that had gone before them. Begin-
America." ning several centuries ago, this ascending
It is to this "historical pattern" that we power of Europe was used to 'acquire colo-
must look for the roots of racial troubles nies in the Americas, in Africa and in
in the United States. Asia. Much of the "underdeveloped" world
History tells us that over the centuries was eventually divided up among the Eu-
the nations of Europe gradually overtook ropean nations.
4 AWAKE!
These European countries, particularly ease. Sometimes slaves killed themselves,
England, France, Portugal and Spain, preferring death to their ordeal."
quickly claimed almost all of North and Yes, here was a main root of racial
South America. In what was later to be- troubles in the United States. Could such
come the United States, the British in- an abuse of human life have a good re-
fluence was the stronger and she estab- sult? A principle found in the Bible states:
lished colonies along the east coast. As "Whatever a man is sowing, this he will
the colonies developed, more acreage was also reap." (Gal. 6:7) Consider, too, that
planted in certain profitable crops. But every nation involved in the slave trade
the labor force was small, restricting the to the Americas called itself a Christian
'amount of land that could be cultivated. nation! Yet the founder of Christianity,
Jesus Christ, had said: "Just as you want
Slavery men to do to you, do the same way to
The World Book Encyclopedia, 1966 them."-Luke 6:3l.
edition, Volume 14, states: "In the 1400's However, it must not be overlooked that
European traders began to go to the west Negroes themselves were implicated in
coast of Africa for slaves. With the dis- this slave trade. Many slaves were hunted
covery of the Americas, a cheap and down by other African tribes who were
plentiful labor supply was needed. As a themselves Negroes. These were uncon-
result, the African slave trade became a cerned with the suffering of their own fel-
profitable business. Portuguese, Dutch, low Africans, but were interested only in
French, and British traders took part in selfish gain.
the traffic. Many New England families The bringing of slaves to the Americas
made fortunes in the slave trade. Because destroyed the tribal, language and cultural
of treaties made with Portugal, Spain was ties the slaves had in Africa. In many cas-
not allowed to trade in Africa. Therefore, es, it also destroyed their family ties as
Spanish colonists in the Americas had to husbands and wives, and even children
have traders of other nations bring in were sold separately to different slave
slaves. owners. These slaves were used mainly as
"Slave traders from Europe and Ameri- farm workers and house servants.
ca tapped the human resources of Africa By the time of the Revolutionary War,
for about 400 years. The Negro kings which began in 1775, there were about
waged war on each other to capture 700,000 Negro slaves in a total population
slaves they could sell or exchange with of about 2,500,000 in the colonies.
traders for guns, rum, cloth, and many
Abolition of Slavery
other items. In all, more than 15,000,000
African Negroes are believ~d to have been In time, there arose many who saw the
injustice of slavery. Attempts were in-
carried to other parts of the world by
creasingly made to abolish it. Thus, in
slave merchants. 1808 the United States Congress outlawed
"Aboard ship, the sl~ve captives lived further importation of slaves. However,
for weeks in filth and horror. Many were this law was largely ignored. It is esti-
chained hand and foot and packed to- mated that as many slaves were imported
gether in the holds so tightly they could illegally between 1809 and 1861 as had
hardly move. Thousands died on the slave been imported legally in the preceding two
ships from brutal treatment and from dis- centuries!
JULY 22, 1968 5
During the American Civil War, Presi- several recently being elected mayors of
dent Lincoln signed the Emancipation predominantly white Northern cities.
Proclamation,' freeing the slaves. It be-
came effective beginning in 1863. How- Little Difference for Poor
ever, it applied only to those slaves in Yet for the majority of Negroes, par-
Confederate territories. It did not apply ticularly those living in "ghetto" areas of
to the four states where slavery existed big cities, this gradual progress was mak-
on the Union side. Not unti11865 were all ing little difference. These ghetto areas
slaves freed by the adoption of Amend- had swelled .with the mass movement of
ment 13 to the Constitution. Other amend- millions of Negroes into the cities. In 1910
ments were later adopted to give certain only 27 percent of American Negroes lived
rights to former slaves, who then num- in cities that had a population of 2,500 or
bered about 4,500,000. . more. But now the Negro population of
The decade that 'followed the Civil War about 22,000,000 in the United States finds
was one of sevel,"e adjustment for Negroes, approximately 15,000,000 in cities.
as few had the skills to find other kinds Much af this Negro migration was the
of work. Many ended up working for their result of expecting better jobs and living
former masters. The January 1968 issue conditions in th~ North, for in the South
of Theology Today observed: "By 1880 poor living conditions and unemployment
the white population of the Southern created by the shift to mechanized labor
states had regained control of the political on farms proved unbearable for many.
and social order. 'White supremacy' and a This movement of population resulted in
series of 'Black Codes' operated to reduce large concentrations of poor Negroes in
the status of the Negro to that of an in- cities. In some cases, this Negro popula-
ferior caste member based on his color. tion approached the majority. Indeed, the
A bi-racial society was established in the nation's capital, Washington, D.C., is now
South, and in the North subtle means about 65 percent Negro.
were frequently used to accomplish the ~Of such cities the President's riot com-
same purpose." mission said: "The future of these cities,
After World War II, many Americans and of their burgeoning Negro popula-
began to show increasing concern over tions, is grim." Why? It says:
racial injustices. Thus, in the 1950's and , "Black in_migration and white exodus have
early 1960's a series of laws were passed produced the massive and growing concen·
by Congress to guarantee the legal rights trations of impoverished Negroes in our
of Negroes in the United States. By the major cities, creating a growing crisis of
deteriorating facilities and services and un·
mid-1960's the legal barriers to full civil met human needs.
rights had been broken down. "In the black ghettos segregation and
Also, by this· time most Negroes had poverty converge on the young to destroy
moved off the farms. Fewer than 15 out of opportunity and enforce failure. Crime, drug
addiction, dependency on welfare, and bitter-
every 100 lived on fanus, and it is now ness and resentment against society in
estimated that over 90 percent of all Ne- general and white society in particular are
groes in the United States can read and the result."
Write. Several hundred thousand have at- At the same time the rising prosperity
tended colleges and universities. Many of the country over the past decade was
have made careers as prominent educa- brought to the attention of ghetto dwell-
tors, judges, athletes and political leaders. ers, causing huge frustrations. Addition~
6 AWAKE!
ally, the many legal victories in behalf of 1960 census data reveal that over 50 per.
civil rights had raised the expectation of cent have female heads."
poorer Negroes. Yet they did not see any Swnming up this situation, the presi·
immediate benefits materially. Adding to dent's riot commission reported: "The
the difficulties of many poor Negro fami· culture of poverty that results from
lies is the fact that often the Negro male, unemployment and family breakup gener·
the head of the house, leaves his family. ates a system of ruthless, exploitative re-
Of this, the book Assuring Freedom to lationships within the ghetto. Prostitu·
the Free, edited by A. M. Rose, said: "In tion, dope addiction, and crime create an
the northeastern and midwestern cities ... environmental 'jungle' characterized by
if [Negro] households with incomes un· personal insecurity and tension. Children
der $3,000 and whose heads are in the growing up under such conditions are like-
35· to 44.year age bracket are considered, ly participants in civil disorders."
HE forego~ Civilizations
T ing helps
explain the
of any race
may be ad~
roots of racial vanced or re-
troubles in the tarded, and
United States. the people
But what ex~ within them
plains the ra~ may have
cial prejudice? greater or
One source smaller oppor-
of racial preju~ tunities for
dice is the be~ contact and
lief that some for personal
races are in~ development.
herently supe~ People who
rior or infe~ live in an ad~
rior to others. vanced civili·
Is this true? Is there a' difference in the zation, regardless of race or stock. ~e
inborn abilities and mentalities of people velop much more· rapidly than people
of different races ~ What accounts for the who live in a retarded civilization. But
fact that some races have advanced more there is no scientific evidence to prove
than others economically, scientifically this has anything to do with inborn abili~
and oth~rwise? ties or aptitudes."
At times the superiority of one race
over another is claimed on the basis of a
Racial Superiority
larger brain size. However, in his book
It ought to be noted that scientists are Man's Most Dangerous Myth: the FaUacy
in agreement on this matter. The World of Race~ professor of anthropology M. F.
Book Encyclopedia s4ttes: "Science does Ashley Montagu states:
not support the claim that some races are "Upon the basis of the available facts
biologically superior or inferior to others. the scientist can come to only one conclusion,
JULY 22, 1968 7
· .. there is therefore no Significance to be Noah's other grandson Cush, and possi-
attached to brain size as a mark of cultural bly from Put, both sons of Ham. The
or intellectual development. . . . '
Canaanites did come into slavery later,
"If this were not so, then the Amahosa of
Africa, who have few cultural opportunities but in no way did this involve a curse
but more brains by size than whites, with against the black race.
1,490 cc. as compared with 1,450 cc. for
European males and 1,300 cc. for females, Origin of Races
would be culturally and intellectually supe·
rior to whites, as would the Buriats, 1,496 cc.;
Another fact that helps us understand
the Eskimos, 1,563 cc,; and the Polynesians, that no race is basically different from
1,470 cc. If we are to hold that the Negro is others is that all races have a common
mentally inferior to the white because his orIgm. As Professor Ashley Montag«
brain has a' volume of 50 cc. less than that states: "All varieties of man belong to
of the white, then by the same token we
must hold that Amahosa, Eskimos, Polyne· the same species and have the same re-
sians, and many other peoples are superior mote ancestry, This is a conclusion to
to whites, This we have reason to believe is which all the releva~t evidence of com-
untrue. There is no evidence that any people
is either biologically or mentally superior
parative anatomy, paleontology, serology,
or inferior to any other people in any way and genetics, points."
whatever." The overwhelming majority of those
Hence, there is no evidence that any sin· who honestly study the evidence regard-
gle race, people, or nation has a special ing racial origins come to the same con-
ability for creating civilization. clusion. In the publication The Races of
Mankind, by Prof. R. Benedict and Dr.
Negroes a Cursed Race? G. Weltfish, we read the following:
But does not the Bible teach that the "The Bible story of Adam and Eve, father
Negro race is inferior because it was and mother of the whole human race, told
cursed by God? Is not this what accounts centuries ago the same truth that SCience
has shown today: that all the peoples of the
for their skin color and condition of ser- earth are a single family and have a com·
vitude over the centuries? mon origin. Science describes the intricate
Those who promote this view refer to make·up of the human body: all its different
organs cooperating in keeping us alive, its
the Bible account at Genesis 9:25 fc;>r curious anatomy that couldn't possibly have
support. There it states: "Cursed be Ca· 'just happened' to be the same in all men if
naan. Let him become the lowest slave to they did not have a common origin. . . .
"The fact of the unity of the human race
bis brother~." Why was Canaan, the is proved, therefore, in its anatomy. . . . all
grandson of Noah, cursed? Apparently be- the racial differences among them are in
cause of an immoral act committed upon nonessentials such as texture of head hair,
amount of body hair, shape of the nose or
the person of the patriarch Noah. head, or color of the eyes and the skin ....
However, where does this Bible account "The races of mankind are what the Bible
show that Noah mentioned the turning of says they are-brothers."
anyone's skin black as a result of that Corroborating this is the book What Is
curse? And please note carefully, that the Race~ published. by the United Nations
descendants of Canaan were not Negro. Educational, Scientific and Cultural Or-
They were white. ganization (UNESCO). It says:
The dark-skinned Negroid peoples, such "All of us, if we went back far enough,
as the Ethiopians, come primarily from hundreds of generations, would arrive at
AWAKE!
the same place~the base of the human parts of the earth, time, geography, lan~
family tree with the first llomo sapiens . ... guage, politics and social factors combined
"Our common (ancestor could as well be
called Adam, which also means man in to isolate groups of mankind, allowing
Hebrew, for the familiar Biblical story them to develop differently from other
foreshadowed the evidence of science that groups.
present men derive from a common stock." Also, the genetiC system in man was
All the scientific evidence in this mat~ created to produce great variety. Thus,
ter harmonizes completely with the evi~ in time, certain gene patterns or group-
dence found in the Bible, man's oldest and ings came to the fore, the result, par~
most reliable history ticularly, of the geo-
source. In the Bible graphic isolation of
we read that God ARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE different groups.
"made out of one what to CD When Yeu Are Surrel.lnded
with Vielence. This. "genetic drift"
man every nation of Why Is the Collar in TrQl.Ible7 produced the differ-
Missionary Werk in Saigon.
men, to dwell upon The World's Wondrol.lS Waterfalln.
ent "races" of man~
the entire surface of kind with their
the earth." (Acts 17: somewhat different
26) And of the first man and woman, the physical characteristics.
Bible tells us: "Adam called his wife's But why, within a given country, do
name Eve, because she had to become the some groups progress and others do not?
mother of everyone living." (Gen. 3:20) For example, why, many ask, has the
So the entire human race has had the Negro in the United States not progressed
same mother and father. farther or more rapidly in various fields
Because all mankind is really one' hu- thaD< he has? In the book The Idea of Race
man race, some scientists object to the the author states: "The silnplest and the
classifying of ,different groups of peoples sOl)11dest answer to that question is that
into "races." Their objection is well found- the Negro in America has never been af~
forded the kind of opportunities necessary
ed jf the word "race" is used to infer dif-
for accomplishment of any distinction.
ferent origins or different inborn capa- ... The Negro in America has for three
bilities. However, the term "race" is hundred years been isolated from the
mostly used to refer to different groupings mainstream of American culture and seg-
of peoples all within the same basic hu- regated ... from virtually all opportunity
man family, which acknowledges their to enjoy the right even to the feeling that
common origin. he was a man like other men."
Hence, it is not inborn racial infedority
The Differences that has been the problem in the Unit(>d
So, then, it is not inherent, inborn ra- States, or anywhere else for that matter.
cial capabilities that have accounted for The problem has been inferior opportu-
the differences in cultures down through nity. Given equal opportunity, peoples of
history. various "races" will generally progress
Different cultures began as a result of similarly.
migration away from the center of man's It is obviOUS, therefot'e, that racial su-
activity in Mesopotamia, particularly after periority 01' inferiority is not inborn. Why,
the flood of Noah's day more than 4,300 then, has there been so much prejudice
years ago. Following this migration to all throughout history?
JULY 2~, 1968 9
ACIAL problems are
R not new. They have
existed for a long time.
Not only has prejudice
existed between those~""'"
whose skin color was dif-
ferent; far more preju-
dice has existed through-
out history between
those whose skin
color was the same! Man's Creation
No doubt you have noted such preju- God created man with certain capabilt-
dice. For instance, there is the prejudice ties and freedoms. He was created per-
that comes because someone's nationality fect, without a defect in his mind or body.
is different. Even among those who have He was told to cultivate the earth and
the same nationality. have you not oJ>. also to bring forth children who, in turn,
served that there is often prejudice due would multIply until the earth was com-
to one's having different political or re- fortably filled. So mankind had a fine start
ligious beliefs? Also, one's financial or s0- and marvelous prospects for the future.
cial standing, occupation, or even the sec- -Gen. 1: 26-31.
tion of the COWltry one is from, has been However, since the human family
used as the basis for prejudice. would grow, there would need to be stan-
So Negroes should not feel that they dards by which human affairs could be
have been singled out by history to feel regulated. So while man was created a
the lash of prejudice. Many, many other free moral agent, his freedom was not to
peoples, including multitudes of white be total, but only relative. It had certain
persons, have been victims. limits to prevent him from' infringing on
Yet why should prejudice, as well as the rights and happiness of otheril:. Thus,
all kinds of injustice and wickedness, man would need and would be given God's
plague the human family for so long? laws and principles as a guide.
Why, at this late date, in a so-called pro- Just as God did not create man so he
gressive and enlightened age, are racial could live without food, so God did not
problems not being eliminated? create man with the capacity to manage
An honest look at the situation will his affairs successfully without divine
bring you to the conclusion that mankind, guidance. Man was not made to rule his
on its own, has. never successfully coped own affairs independently from God. That
with the problems of race and prejudice. is why the Bible writer Jeremiah said:
Why? Is there something fundamentally "I well know, 0 Jehovah, that to earthling
wrong with the human family that so man his way does not belong. It does not
many of its members repeatedly ignore belong to man who is walking even to di-
the welfare of others? rect his step. Correct me, 0 Jehovah."
10 AWAKE!
(Jer. 10:23, 24) To be successful man doing what is bad. "The inclination of the
would always 'need the wise direction that heart of man is bad from his youth up."
would come from his Creator. Similarly, (Gen. 8~21) "Foolishness is tied up with
an automobile runs only as long as it has the heart of a boy."-Prov. 22:15.
fuel, and an electrical appliance runs only Because of man's alienation from God,
as long as it is plugged in to its source of and his subsequent tendency toward doing
electricity. what is wrong, humans have caused great
But what wo~d happen if man rebelled hurt and injustice toward other humans.
against guidance from God? Well, what That is why the Bible says that "man has
happens to a vehicle denied fuel? What dominated man to his injury."-Eccl. 8:,9.
happens to an electrical appliance discon-
nected from its power source? They begin Deterioration Ahead
to run down until they cease to function for Immediate Future
altogether. That is what happened to man. Since this system of things is not being
Our first parents ,rebelled against God, ruled by God, nor is it under his guidance,
and so man's affairs began to break down. it can only deteriorate further. (2 Cor.
Pushing aside God's clear warning, our 4:4) And the Bible foretells that it will
first forefathers, Adam and Eve, believed do just that: ''Wicked men . . . will ad-
they could manage their affairs without vance from bad to worse."-2 Tim. 3:13.
God.-Gen. 3:1-6. But God's pennission of man's indepen-
Among the many reasons why God has dence is near an end. We live in the "last
permitted time for humans to go their days" that the Bible foretold, in the "con-
own way is to demonstrate conclusively clusion of the system of things" about
that satisfactory rule apart from God is which Jesus spoke. Shortly, God will in-
not possible for man. The trouble-fiUed, tervene in man's affairs and rip rulership
prejudice-plagued history of the human away from him. Read some of these proph-
family shows beyond doubt that this is ecies in your own Bible at Matthew chap-
true. As the Bible says: "Unless Jehovah ter 24, Second Timothy chapter 3, and
himself builds the house, it is to no avail at Daniel chapter 2, verse 44.
that its builders have worked hard on it." So whatever your "race" or nationality,
-Ps. 127:1. you should not think that any of man's
efforts, however noble, will reverse the
Tendency Toward Bad trend in the world today. It is impossible
On their own, our first parents were for man, on his own, to solve the inequities
like the vehicle that runs out of fuel, like
the appliance that is disconnected from
of the socia] systems today.
However, does this mean we can do
.
its power. Cut off from God, man was now" nothing, individually, to cope with the
imperfect, defective. That is what he problem of race now, today? Not at all!
would pass on to his children. "Through The Bible clearly shows that the problem
one man [Adam] sin entered into the of race not only can be solved, but is being
world and death through sin, and thus solved, and right now! And the Bible"also
death spread to all men."-Rom. 5:12. shows us that racial strife will be eliminat-
So from birth up mankind is defective. ed altogether in the near future in God's
That is why he has a tendency toward new system of things.
JULY 22, 1968 11
SOLllING
THE
2:13) And that Word of
God. is not a dead book!
It "is alive and exerts
power and is sharper
than any two-edged
sword." (Heb. 4:12) It
OF can cut through the bit-
14 AWAXSI
dren, how to discipline them, what their came to Asheville for a week ~rly this
goals in life should be. month. . • .
Gradually, then, by applying God's "Never was there a policeman in sight.
There were no raucous noises, no distur-
standards, they find that family life is bances and no altercations...•
vastly improved. And Bible knowledge
''The order was perfect and there was no
gives these families a grand hope for the obscene shouting. Remember there were at
future, helping to overcqme the depres- times as mal1Y as seven thousand people
sion and gloom so much in evidence today. around the headquarters-a good many of
them colored_
Not Forcing Solutions ''There was NO litter about, ... Undoubt.
edly they were motivated by the Spirit of
While Jehovah's witnesses believe in Good Will towards humanity."
and live by God's standards, they do not
try to force changes in the social systems Such clean, decent, respectful and law&
of the nations. Tha\ is not what the Bible abiding persons are living proof that the
teaches. Forced solutions ·lead to violence, problem of race can be and is being solved:
bloodshed and ,anarchy. Appreciating this, They know that, whatever a person's race
Jehovah's witnesses wait on God. They Or nationality, he will improve his life in
have confidence that, in his due time, God every respect by living up to Bible stan.
will change the entire social system for dards. Today, as an organization, h\Ul-
mankind's benefit just as he has guaran- dreds of thousands of Jehovah's witnesses
teed in his Word. are doing so. No, they do not claim to
Hence, when the law or custom of the live perfect lives, nor do they expect per-
country permits, Jehovah's witnesses meet fection from those who associate with
together as one group regardless of their them. But they do continually work to
national origin. However, if the law for- improve their love for God and for neigh-
bids integratIon, or where it could cause bor. That is why they have been able to
serious difficulty, they do not insist upon overcome the problem of race.
It. How practical would' it be for them to Perhaps just a few of many experiences
pursue peace in obedience to God's laws, in this regard can best illustrate how one's
and then try to force a social issue that life is affected for the good, and how per-
would create violence? sons have been able to overcome lifelong
Yet, whenever and wherever it is per- prejudices by applying Bible standards.
mitted, Jehovah's witnesses of all races
meet together for united worship. They
obey the same high standards, treating MOlherOvercomes Preiudice
one another with dignity and honor. Oth- One Negro mother in the United States
ers, too, observe this and conunent on it. relates:
One of many such comments appeared in "Jehovah's witnesses came to our house at
the Asheville, North Carolina, Citizen of least two or three times before we ever decided
July 26, 1967. An observer said: ' to have a Bible study conducted in our home.
Along with being prejudiced toward white
''These days when all we hear or see are
news items about rIOting, looting and hate people, I was very opposed to having the
propaganda it is time to console ourselves Witnesses come to. my home. But I just decided
wIth the balance of good tidings that are to let my husband find it all out "by himself.
entered on the plus sIde of the ledger. ""About a month later, the Witnesses invited
"I am referring particularly to the recent us to their Kingdom Hall. Well, here is where
convocation of Jehovah's witnesses that I really thought that it would do my husband in.
JULY .e.e, 1968 15
However, even I was surprised to see the Wit- anything any man had ever deprived me of.
nesses when w~ got to the hall_ They were Since then, I have had no problems in seeing
altogether different than I thought they would to my family's needs. Of course, I didn't have
be. Warm and friendly just aren't words enough a high-paying job or anything like that. I just
to describe them. The Witnesses didn't even worked hard and tried to use what 1 had in the
treat us as U' we were Negroes. To them there proper way. And I could see very well that I
was no difference in our colors. We were just had-help from Jehovah,
the same as they were. That did it with me. "Now that 1 am one of his Witnesses, I can
L was so ashamed. of myself. see that it Is possible for whites and Negroes
"From all of our Bible studies we have to get along together. I've found among them
learned how to conduct ourselves, how to love the best friends I've ever had anywhere or at
each other, and now we know that this is the any time. They're always ready to do anything
right way to go. It has changed our relationship possible to help me in any way. And now I
with each other, made us have a happier mar· also have a hope of life everlasting in God's
riage, made us be better parents. new order.
"It has given us something to hang onto and "No matter what happened over the years
showed us what we have to do in order to gain before, I'm now sure there can be peace,
everlasting life. Before that, we could have but only in God's way."
gone to church for a hundred years, and we
never would have learned what Jehovah God's
purpose for us was. Youth Learns Bible Standards
"To live up to Bible standards, and to conduct Many persons learn Bible standards in
ourselves accordingly, are not hard to do.
Even despite imperfection it can be done."
their youth, enablipg them to avoid the
pitfalls that swallow up other young peo·
pIe in delinquency. One Negro youth
Southerner Finds Answer writes of his experience in this regard:
Many have had the experience of this "I was born in New York city, one of six
Negro man, about 50 years of age, who children. With the limited education of my
father and mother, and being Negro, there was
was raised in the southern part of the but one place we could live, and that was in
United States. He writes; the ghetto.
"We livro on a farm and were sharecropping, "In 1950 our whole family started to study
the produce being divided between us and the the Bible with a minister of Jehovah's witnesses.
landowner. But during the bad seasons when We began to learn about things we had never
the land wasn't productive, the landowner came heard of before, about a new system of things,
and took all our farm animals as well as the that there was no hellfire, and we learned
little feed we had left. That was in 1928. Then many other Scriptural points.
my mother agreed to raise some hogs on share "By the time I was twelve I understood more
for another landowner. But after we raised of what the Bible was saying, and how it would
them, he took ,them aU for himself without be Jehovah God that would bring about a per·
giving us any share. Mother consulted a law· manent change in the condition of all God-
yer but was told that it was pointless to go to fearing persons. I also learned what I needed
court, as we could not hope to win. to do now to help improve my condition in life.
"After working on the farm hard until No· The key was WORK, for all of God's -servants
vember, I'd get outside jobs on construction in the Bible are spoken of as being hard
work for 10 cents an hour. This way I'd make workers. So I began to look up instead of down.
$1.20 by working 12 hours a day. I got a job aiter school and also worked on
"With all the hardships and prejudice I ex· SatlU'days.
perienced through the years from 1928 to 1958, "At the age of thirteen I was able to make
I knew there had to be something better. But enough money after school to buy all my own
what it was, I wasn't sure. clothes, and so was always decently jdressed.
''Then finally in 1958 I was invited to the And by beIng busy after school I stayed out of
first meeting of Jehovah's witnesses that I'd trouble. I 'Vas learning what the Bible meant
ever attended. I found something greater than when it talked about being sell-sufficient. Also,
16 AWAKE!
by now 1 nad advanced in Bible knowledge and order of things. No doubt about It, living by
was associating with a congregation of Je· Bible standards is the best way!"
hovah's witnesses, where I gained many real
friends, both white and Negro, all getting along These experiences are not unusual for
together in peace. It gave me great hope for persons applying God's standards of con-
the future, knowing that in God's new system duct. For hundreds of thousands of Jeho-
of things all mankind ~ould live in such peace. vah's witnesses in 197 lands throughout
"After I finished high school, I was able, not the earth, the nagging questions about
only to Wol'~ to sustain myself, but also to
devote much time in teaching other persons
life's problems are being answered, in-
God's purposes as found in the Bible. At twenty· cluding the problem of race. And all of
five, I married and began raising a family. them look forward to the only permanent
Because I had applied myself in school and on solution for all such problems-when God.
the job, I was able to go to a data·processing soon brings to an end this wicked system
school and learn computer programming. Thus
I am able to make a decent living for my
an.d establishes his new order where "righ-
family. teousness is to dwell." (2 Pet. 3:13) Then
"By staying close to Bible standards, I have God "will wipe out every tear from their
improved my life and my associations with eyes, and death will be no more, neither
others, especially those who also live by Bible will mourning nor outcry nor pain be any
standards. Yes, the truths from God's Word mon:o The former things have passed
made it clear that I could enjoy the flne, up·
building association of other Christians regard·
away." (Rev. 21:4) Then never again
less of their race, and could look forward to will racial problems mar the peace and
such pleasant association forever in God's new happiness of the human family.
ATER is a precious commodity in desert time the heat of the sun through the plastic
24 AWAKE!
.. .- .".'.. ... .. ...-. I .d .
By "Awake!" correspondent in Ire an
AVE you ever enjoyed the experience
H of getting away from the smoke-
polluted atmosphere of the larger city into
energy needed for the multiplicity of
bodily processes.
the clean, stimulating fresh air of the Oxygen makes up about one-fifth of the
open countryside? Of course you have. total volume of air. The other components
You took a deep breath. Immediately you of the gaseous envelope in which we spend
felt the invigoration. Depression and leth- our lives are nitrogen, making up about
argy began to shake off. What a wonder- four-fifths of the total volume, and carbon
ful sense of well-being! dioxide, of which there is less than one
Instead of merely taking for granted percent.
this swift and refreshing transformation, Realizing that all the food in the world
why not pause and ask some pertinent would be quite useless to us without ox-
questions? Why is fresh air so beneficial? ygen, we can afford to be curious about
Why is air so vital to life itself? What how the body uses the oxygen we breathe
happens when you take a deep breath, in. Wha.t part do the lungs play? Just how
filling your lungs with this precious sub- is this vital element of the air converted
stance? Getting ,an understanding of these into a fund of energy?
matters aids one to build up appreciation
for the intelligence and design that are The Lungs
obvious in this feature of our makeup, our Let us take note of the lungs and their
respiratory system. fUnction. Take a deep breath and feel your
lungs expanding to fill the chest .cavity
What Is Air? below the ribs. The lungs are roughly
We humans live at the bottom of a vast conical in shape, with the narrow ends
ocean of air that envelops the earth. This uppermost. Like the bellows of an accor-
ocean consists of a mixture of gases in dion, yes, but much more complicated
fairly regular proportion. The most im- inside.
portant of these, a component of air that Imagine the movement of air taken in
is essential for us to keep alive, is oxygen. through the nose into the windpipe or
This is what the body uses, combining it "trachea," a tube having a diameter of
with car~n from food eaten, to build up about three-fifths of an inch. After about
JULY 22, 1968 25
four inches this "trachea" splits into two to the heart, from there to be pumped
branches, called "bronchi," leading into through the body again.
each of the lungs. Once inside the lwtg,
each "bronchus" divides yet again into Intricacy of Design
smaller branches, which, in turn, keep According to one authority, there are
subdividing into smaller and smaller tubes an estimated 750 million of these tiny air
filling the interior of the lung. cells in our lungs, ensuring a constant and
To get a clearer idea of this amazing plentiful supply of the vital oxygen for
structure inside the lung, just imagine an all the complicated ,processes going on in-
inverted tree with a main stem four inches side the body. This might be compared to
long dividing into two branches and then a vast exchange area, connecting, let us
subdividing again and again to terminate say, road and rail traffic, with 750 million
in clusters of the tiniest twigs. Only, in- loading and unloading platforms. All that
stead of twigs at the end of those minute within the small compass of the chest
passageways, the smallest being known as cavity!
"bronchioli," there are clusters of tiny air If all those air spaces at the extremI-
spaces, "alveoli," as they are called. The ties of the "bronchial" tree were opened
"bronchioli," by the way, have a width of out and spread fiat, it is believed they
only about one-hwtdredth of an inch. would cover an area of some 1,000 square
feet. That is the equivalent of sixteen
Exchange of Oxygen blankets, each measuring seven by nine
Note, now, those "alveoli" or tiny air feet! Little wonder, then, that men would
spaces grouped together at the extremi- find it far more difficult to produce an
ties of the "bronchial" tr~e. It is here that artificial lung than to make an artificial
the oxygen filling these air spaces is trans- heart. How could this intricate, beauti-
ferred to the cells of the bloodstream. fully designed organ be the product of
Intertwined with the subdividing branches blind, nonintelligent force, as some would
of the air tubes within the Iwtg, there is have us believe?
a network of arteries breaking down into And another amazing feature of our
veins and minute capillary blood vessels breathing apparatus is that no matter how
-vessels so small that eventually the red hard we try, we just cannot empty our
blood cells are moving through in single IWlgs. There is always a large residue of
file. air left in the bronchial tubes and air
By the time that the extremities of the spaces. In normal breathing, it is claimed,
only about one-tenth of the total volume
air tubes are reached, the walls separating
of air passes out of the lungs. And the
the air tubes from the capillary blood net- process of exhaling and taking in a fresh
work are so exceedingly thin that the supply is repeated I eighteen to twenty
transfer of oxygen to the bloodstream be- times each minute,
comes possible. It is a, two-way transfer,
for at this same location the blood dis- Transport of Oxygen
charges its waste cargo of carbon -dioxide That so little is expelled at each ex·
into the air spaces, to be expelled by IWlg halation ·raises the question as to how a
action back into the atmosphere. good, constant supply of fresh air is guar.
Meantime, the oxygen-enriched blood anteed to the exchange units at the ex-
moves back through capillaries and veins tremities of the "bronchial" tree. And
26 AWAKE!
bere is where a basic law of the ~ated chial system is all the more apt when we
universe comes into operation, making learn that in reality trees and plants op-
possible the transport of oxygen from the erate in a converse manner in relation to
outside atmosphere to the inner cells of animal creatures, and have a great deal
our bodies. to do with the maintenance of the vital
It has been found that two samples of oxygen supply on our planet. For, while
the same gas, say oxygen, at different the breathing creatures take- in oxygen
pressures, when brought into contact and throw off carbon dioxide, plants with
with each other, will mix and diffuse until their intricate mechanisms take in needed
an equalizing of the pressure takes place. carbon dioxide, during the sunlight hours,
So, the highly concentrated incoming ox- and release oxygen into the atmosphere.
ygen swiftly mixes with the oxygen- How marvelously the Creator has bal-
depleted air already in the lungs, and in anced matters!
tbis way the level of oxygen at the ex- Also, we can begin to have some appre-
change points is constantly maintained. ciation of fresh air as distinguished from
The same principle applies in the ac- the contaminated air of many industrial
tual exchange of oxygen from -the air regions. Investigation has shown that Es-
spaces to the bloodstream. The exceeding- kimos and others who live in a dust-free
ly thin walls at these terminal points al- atmosphere retain the original rose-pink
low the same diffusing of oxygen, so that color of the lungs, while the lungs of coal
the concentration in the bloodstream is miners become a shade of almost uniform
. built up and maintained. The red blood jet black. The black and dirty condition
cells absorb the oxygen, carry it to the of city buildings also bears witness to the
millions of cells throughout the body. and hazard to which the lungs of city dwellers
there it is used to bW'n up the food eaten. are subjected.
Since food eaten combined with oxygen It is altogether to the credit of the
breathed in is the energy soW'ce for all
Great Designer of lungs that they con-
body activities, we can understand why
tinue to function so efficiently in spite of
we often have to struggle for breath after
any particularly strenuous exercise. Ener- the many hazards. Opportunities to get
gy spent leaves our oxygen supply de- away, even if only temporarily, from pol-
pleted. The importance of a constant sup- luted atmosphere are 1::eally opportunities
ply of oxygen is underlined by the fact to learn what God provided for us to
tb,at only a few minutes of oxygen star- breathe. Be thankful for the abundant
vation can cause irreparable bl,'ain damage. provision of the enveloping atmosphere.
Our illustration of the inverted tree Take a deep breath, and marvel at Jeho-
with its branches representing the bran- vah's amazing handiwork.
._._.- -------_._-_._-_.__._------_._-_:-_._------_._-_._-
'..+.e fP'" a u~e ~ _ a~1de leaa
dat twe4 """'- ~ ~ ~?'
That is the opening statement in the kinds, and of the age of mankind. But
.most chaUenging book yet published look for more in this unique publica-
on the subject of evolution. Beginning tion. It presents evidences on both
with the chapter "Is Evolution an Es- Bide8 of the question that is the title
tablished Fact?" this book shows the of the book, "Did Man Get Here by
development of the theory of evolu- Evolution or by Creation?" Then the
book concludes on the provocative
tion, handles the question "Does Life themes "Why Has Wickedness-Been
Come from Nonliving Matter?", con- Permitted for So Long?", "How "Much
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of mutations, of heredity and family Future."
Se~d now Did Man Get Here by Evolution or by Creation? Only 2/3
(for Australia, 25c; for South Africa, 18c)
AUGUST 8, 1968
THE REASON FOR THIS MAGAZINE
News sources that are able to keep you awake to the vital iSlues of our times must
be unfettered by censorship and selfish interests. "Awakel" has no f'tt.rs. It recognizes
facts, faces facts, is free to publish facts. It is not bound by political ties; it is unham-
pered by traditional creeds. This magazine keeps itself free, that it may speak freely to
you. But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
The viewpoint of "Awake!" is not narrow, but is international. "Awakel" has its
own correspondents in scores of nations. Its articles or. read in many lands, in many
languages, by millions of persons.
In every issue "Awoke!" presents vital topics on which you should be informed. It
features penetrating articles on social conditions and offers sound counsel for meeting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent paS5es in quick review.
'Attention is focused 'on activities in the fields of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious issues alert you to matters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences and points of human interest are all embraced in its coverage. "Awoke I" pro·
vides wholesome, instrfclive reading for every member of the family.
"Awake!" pledges itself ta righteaus principles, to expasing hidden foes and subtle
dangers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the establish·
ment of God's righteous new order in this generation,
Get acquainted with "Awake!" Keep awoke by reading "Awakel"
CONTENTS
What to Do When You Are Surrounded The 1Apple Tree's Bid for Kingship 20
with Violence 3
The Olympic Games Come to Mexico 24
The Amazing Amazon River 7
Why Is the Dollar in Trouble? 8 The Young Driver 26
Absorbing Paganism 11 "Your Word Is Truth"
Missionary Work in Saigon 12 Is God a Trinity? 27
The World's Wondrous Waterfalls 16 Watching the World 29
"" is already the hour for you fo awoke'"
_IOIIIDnl 13,11
Volume XLIX
of? _* London. Enlll.nd. AUllust 8. 1968 Number 1.!i
Self-Control, Mildnes8
How can you protect yourself? For example, the Bible
What precautions are wise to take?
urges persons to apply the
fruitage of God's spirit in
URING 1967 over 3,750,000 major their lives, including "mildness, self-
D crimes were committed in the United control." (Gal. 5:22, 23) Also, the prin-
States, which is one every eight and a ciple is given in the Bible: "An answer,
haIf seconds! when mild, turns away rage, but a word
Just since 1960 major crimes have in- causing pain makes anger to come up."
creased 88 percent, while the population _Provo 15:1.
has grown only 10 percent. That means Not only wilI your relations with others
crime is rising nearly nine times as fast improve by applying such Bible principles,
as the population! Many other cOlUltries but you can also safeguard yourself from
are exPeriencing similar rises in crime. violence. To illustrate: In Newark, New
Truly, we are surrolUlded by violence. Jersey, not long ago, a man was forced
Without doubt this is the time of which to brake his car to a sudden halt at North
the inspired Bible prophecy foretold: "But Sixth Street and Delavan A venue when
know this, that in the last days critical an oncoming driver cut in front of him.
times hard to deal with will be here." The man did not conceal his irritation,
(2 Tim. 3:1) In some places it is so criti- but shouted: "Road hog!" This he followed
cal that it is unsafe to walk the streets with an obscenity. He exercised no self-
alone, even in broad daylight. control; his answer to the inconsiderate
How can you protect yourse1f and your act was anything but mild. And what was
property in these dangerous times? What the result?
AUGUST 8,' 1968 3
His pain-causing word did indeed cause a sign of weakness to be mild, as many
anger to come up, just as the Bible said persons seem to think. Rather, to control
it would. The newspaper account says: yourself undei' provocation, as the Bible
"The rbadhog answered the shouts with urges, reveals real inner strength. It can
one blast from a shotgun, hitting [the safeguard your life.
driver] on the left side of the face and
killing him instantly." How much wiser Humbly Settle Grievances
it would have been to apply the Bible The Bible also states the principle:
counsel to control oneself, to answer "Pride is before a crash." (Prov. 16:18)
mildly! It simply is unwise to be proud, refusing
In this tension-filled world many people to acknowledge that you may be in eITor.
are like a high explosive. All they need Especially can it be dangerous today when
is a spark' to set them off. But mildness there are so many quick-tempered people.
will serve to calm them down, and prevent Even if you feel you are in the right,
them from becoming enraged and perhaps it certainly is not amiss to say humbly
hurting you. that you are SOITY, and that you will try
It may be that you are jostled on a to be more careful next time. Usually the
crowded bus or subway, or another per- other person right away will calm down.
son accuses you of bumping him. The first Thus, the matter generally can quickly be
inclination may be to reply harshly, or settled peacefully, thereby avoiding an
even shove back. Often this is what people eruption of violence.
do. But it is not the wise response. It does This certainly_ is illustrated by what
not create goodwill, nor does it contribute happened to a young woman who bumped
to your safety. into another woman on a Bronx, New
To the contrary, it can provoke latent York, sidewalk one summer night. The
violence, as in the recent case when two older woman demanded an apology, but
men jostled each other on a New York the young woman refused to give it. Pride
City subway train. A quarrel erupted, and impaired good judgment. And so a quarrel
one man pulled a knife aJ.ld slashed it developed. Eventually the older woman
across the other's face. In retaliation, the pulled out an automatic pistol and shot
injured man drew a gun and fired into the young woman fatally in the chest.
the other man's stomach. How tragic! Es- If only she would have humbly apolo-
pecially since the trouble could so easily gized-if she would have sought quickly
have been avoided if one of the men would to settle the complaint against her-she
have answered mildly. would not have been the victim of vio-
Significantly, studies have revealed that lence. But she was too proud to apologize.
a major number of crimes are provoked It meant SUdden death for her.
in some way by the victim, or at least It should not be concluded that these
could have been prevented by a mild re- are unusual incidents. To the contrary, in
sponse. As one writer, who reviewed a recent year the New York City Police
scores of crimes, put it: "What people Department revealed that the most com-
have to fear most from crime is in them- mon cause of murder was quaITels or an-
selves." gry disputes. Furthermore, 147 of the
Truly, then, the Bible gives the wisest, murders, or more than one in five. were
most practical counsel on how to protect of persons who got into heated arguments
yourself in these critical times. It is not with their relatives. Arguments, especially
AWAKE!
between husbands and wives, led to vio- a youth was noisily making insulting re-
lence, twenty-seven men being indicted for marks un a New York subway train re-
killing their wives during quarrels and six- cently, a man ordered the noisy one off
teen .women for murdering their husbands. the train. However. the youth returned
And this in just one city, in one year! through another door and plunged a knife
Just think of the violence that could into the man, killing him. How much bet-
hav:e been prevented if this Bible counsel ter if the man had 'taken his leave,' per-
were heeded: "Let a rotten saying not haps going to another car, rather than
proceed out of your mouth, but whatever allowing this fatal quarrel to burst forth.
saying is good for building up as the need A similar Bible principle that can safe-
may be, that "it ma'Y 'impart what \s "fa- gual'd 'YOUI' llie advises: ~<As one grabbing
vorable to the hearers. Let all malicious hold of the ears of a dog is anyone passing
bitterness and -anger and wrath and by that is becoming furious at the quar-
screaming and abusive speech be taken rel that is not his." (Prov. 26:17) Just
away from you along with all injurious- as grabbing the ears of a dog can cause
ness. But become kind to one another, the dog to turn on you and bite you. so
tenderly compassionate. freely forgiving becoming involved in the quarrel of oth-
one another just as God also by Christ ers can be dangerous.
freely forgave you."-Eph. 4:29, 31, 32. Not long ago, for example, three girls
and two young men in a New York City
Slay Away from Trouble bus station were arguing. A middle-aged
Additional Bible principles that can man interfered, telling the men to leave
safeguard your life deal with precautioris the girls alone, though he did not really
to take to avoid trouble. For example, know what had started the quarrel. He
the Bible says: "The shrewd one consid- became involved in a quarrel not his. An-
ers his steps." (Prov. 14:15) Also. it en- gered. the young men turned on him, and
courages: "Before the quarrel bas burst fatally stabbed him with a knife.
forth. take your leave."-Prov. 17:14. How beneficial it would have been for
To consider your steps shrewdly will in- the man to have followed the Bible prin-
volve avoiding places where danger is like- ciple! But what if anpther person is in
ly. For instance, use well-lighted, well- real trouble? Rather than taking sides,
traveled streets, rather than poorly lit and and so judging the situation without
infrequently traveled ones. Also, avoid knowing the facts, it would be wise to call
bands or' youths loitering on street cor- the police.-Prov. 18:13.
ners, perhaps crossing over to the other If riots or shootings .flare in or near
side of the street a block before coming your neighborhood, will you take to the
to them. Do not go to parks, 'lovers' streets to become involved, or go out to
lanes,' or other lonely spots after dark, see what is going on? The Bible advises
even avoiding such places during daylight not to 'grab hold of it,' not to become
hours if they are not well traveled. Nor involved. 'The wisdom of this advice is
is it shrewd to display money publicly, or emphasized by the incident of the crazed
to wear costly clothing or jewelry if you gunman who climbed atop the tower on a
are in a high-crime-rate area. Texas campus and began shooting people.
For violating Bible principles. either A newspaper reported: "Incredibly some
knowingly or unknowingly. many have people rushed out for a look. A 00;; and
paid with their lives. For example, when a girl did . . . She was fatally shot. Her
AUGUST 8, 1968 5
boy ':rlend leaned over to help. He was operate. Slugged on the head with the
shot dead."-The National Ob3erver, Au- gun, he fought back . . . However, the
gust 8, 1966. man with tne pistol turned and fired one
What an unnecessary tragedy! Ignoring shot, hitting [the storekeeper] in the
Bible advice was disastrous. These youths stomach." How much better it would have
revealed themselves to be inexperienced, been for the man to have heeded the Bible
unwise, as the Bible proverb explains: principle!
"Shrewd is the one that has seen the ca-
lamity and proceeds to conceal himself, Protecting Your Virtue
but the inexperienced have passed along One of the most shocking aspects of the
and must suffer the penalty."-Prov. increase in crime is the rise in forcible
22:3. rapes. In 1967 more than 27,000 were re-
ported in the United States, for an in-
Your Life or Your Possessionll? crease of over 60 percent since 1960. How-
Yet another Bible principle that may ever, according to authorities, only about
save you"r life was given by Jesus Christ, one in three or one in four is actually re-
when he said: A person's "life does not ported. Therefore, the real total may be
result from the things he possesses." close to 100,000 rapes a year. Think of
-Luke 12: 15. that. A forcible rape about every five or
With the increase of crime, there is the six minutes in just one country! How can
ever greater possibility of being confront- a woman protect herself?
ed at gunpoint or knifepoint by a person The Bible again has some very pertinent
demanding your money. Will you resist? and valuable counsel. It advises "women
Will you fight to save your money, and to adorn themselves in well-arranged
perhaps lose your life? Your life is of so dress, with modesty." (1 Tim. 2:9) Also,
much more value than material posses- it emphasizes that when a woman is con-
sions. It is not worth risking it. fronted by a rapist she should scream.
A case reported in the New York -Deut. 22:23.27.
Times early this spring emphasizes this Certain modern styles of dress are with-
fact. "A member of a Bronx Elk's Club out doubt an important facto,r in the
was stabbed to death early yesterday shocking increase in fo~cible rape. A wom-
while returning home from a weekly an who wears suggestive attire is only
meeting," the report said. "The victim's inviting trouble, whether she realizes it
wallet and watch had not been taken, but or not. Many men accept such immodest
the police believe he was stabbed fighting dress as an invitation to sexual advances.
off a mugger." But of what value are And, realty. is not that one of its pur-
wallet and watch when you are dead? poses? Commenting in this connection,
It simply is poor judgment to grapple Newsweek of November 13, 1967, said:
with an armed criminal, who often is
"Fashion designer Mary Quant, mother of
trained in the use of weapons. The crimi- the miniskirt, tells it as it is, or at least the
nal is likely to become infuriated by your way she sees it: 'Am I the only woman who
resistance, and_brutally beat or kill you. has ever wanted to go to bed with a man in
The New York Daily New8 reported such the afternoon? Any law·abidlng female, it
an incident recently: "The two bandits used to be thought, waits until dark. Well,
there are lots of girls who don't want to
entered the store and produced a pistol, wait. Mini·clothes are symbolic of them. So
hut [the storekeeper1 refused to co- are cosmetics that seem natural and stay on
G AlVAKEJ.~
rlgnt mto oea ana out agam, oecauae tnat's I'll km you, but you can't bargain with an
the point. All th'is decoration is put on in attacker."
order to seduce a man to bed.' "
Yes, what has proved the soundest ad·
So even the designer of the miniskirt vice is that contained in the. Bible-for a
notes that one reason for wearing these woman to scream for all she is worth if
clothes is to seduce a man to bed. And -it she is attacked by a rapist.
is a' fact that watching women who wear
immodest clothes has often drawn a man Heed Bible Principles
into lustful action. Thus, heeding the Bi- Thus the key to protecting yourself suc-
ble principle to dress rtwith modesty" will cessfully from criminal'violence is to heed
serve as a genuine protection to a woman. Bible principles. In them is found divine.
At the same time, too, 8 woman should wisdom, yes, the wisdom of the grand
be careful that she does not Wlwittingly creator. He alone can provide the gU.id-
invite an attack by carelessly leaving the ance needed to cope with these critical
shades or curtains open while she'Wldress- ''last days." (2 Tim. 3:1) Therefore, the
es for bed. The same danger is present if thing to do is to become acquainted with
she makes it a habit, when she can be seen His Word the Bible, and to put your trust
from the outside, to run around the house in its teachings.-Prov. 3:5, 6.
or yard scantily attired. That same Word of God provides bright
But what if, despite the precautions hope for the future. It assures us that
taken, you are confronted by a rapist? God's ki-ngdom will soon bring in a new
What will you do? Submit to him? The System of things free from lawlessness.
Bible counsel in 'this instance 1<:; to ~i<:;t Yes, what man has proved incapable of
-to scream. Authorities recognize this as bringing about, Jehovah will soon provide
the wisest thing to do. Paul Boesch, au- for the blessing of al1 His law-abiding
thor of the book Lady Protect Your.<ielf, servants.
pointed to the horrible consequenc:es to Therefore, learn Goa's will. Abide by
women who failed to do so, writing: his laws. B~ so doing you will enjoy the
"If a man is viciouS enough to commit peace of a grand new era when not a law·
rape, how do you know just how far his
twisted mind is out of focus? If you could breaker will be left on earth. The Bible
read some of the unprintable, unspeakable prophecy gives this very assurance, prom·
things I have read, or visit the homicide ising: "The wicked one will be no more;
office of your police department, you would
know there is only one answer-to resist
and you will certainly give attention to
with everything that's in you..•. his place, and he will not be. But the meek
"You can scream, and by all means do so. ones themselves will possess the earth,
Some women fear that screams will only and they will indeed find their exquisite
madden the attacker. But face the facts.
How do you know he won't kiII you if you delight in the abundance of peace."-Ps.
don't scream? He may say, 'Don't scream or 37:9-11.
ABSORBING PAGANISM
N MIDSUMMER each year Roman Catho- is no basis in the Holy Scriptures. Replied
~ .... r,~~'
helps.
Now another bell
~,*
~ ~
. '~ ~ I &11 ((IT.'
fl, _,
;tJ~ .;
,,-- ~,'d'--II ii '-'"
h01 •'
" \~
c. t;i
I ',
II, t.l
1If,
sounds.
cupants
ary home
That tells all oc-
of the mission-
that it is 6:55,
with only five minutes
to go before breakfast
-''''.'' .,~., .-<'- "--/': is due to begin. After a
By "Awake!" correspondent in South Vietnam brief consideration of a
text from the Bible and
AIGON, as you know, is the capital prayer, a wholesome breakfast is served
S of a war-torn land, and the tide of and then-a full day's schedule of ac-
war recently swept right into the city it- tivity.
self, yet Watch Tower missionaries con-
tinue to discharge their duties, bearing to Scope 01 the Work
the people from God's Word comfort and But is it dangerous to go out of doors?
hope. But how, you may ask, can they Where will the missionaries go? It is said
possibly carryon Wider those conditions that the Viet Cong have agents ali over
of uncertainty and danger? the city, but what big city is not some-
Normal conditions in Saigon for many what dangerous these days? And, of
months now have been quite different course, missiorfaries who are sincere about
from the situation called "normal" in discharging their obligations to God and
other lands. Lying in bed at night, the Christ put their faith in God for their
missionary must listen to the familiar protection.
sounds of bomb explosions and small-anus In Saigon, with its over two million in-
fire. Once in a while the bedroom window habitants, the missionary of the true God,
lights up from the flash of a flare illwni- Jehovah, recalls the compelling words of
nating the sky. Even the girls here, who Jesus: "Yes, the harvest is grea.t, but the
are graduates of the Watchtower Bible workers are few." (Matt. 9:37) And just
School for missionaries, have learned to as it takes regular meals of rice to keep
distinguish the caliber of weapons by the the Vietnamese healthy, tJle spiritual food
sound of the firing. from God's Word, the Bible, is vital if
But the missionary does get to sleep, they are to grow strong and stay strong
for he has had a busy day, and before he spiritually. So, the few workers in this
knows it, it is morning. A bell in 'the mis- southeast Asjan fieJd must keep at their
sionary home sounds at 6: 30 a.m.-the God-given work consistently, without let-
signal that breakfast will soon be ready. up. Each missionary here has been as-
But who is the cook? Why, one of the mis- Signed a section of Saigon, and it is his
12 AWAKE.'
or her job to reach all people in that sec~ to read it to the person coming to the
tion. The store owners have to be con- door. But they could not understand our
tacted, as well as the teeming P9Pulation words and would. grab the paper from us
of the winding back alleys. Houses may and read it for themselves, and then not
be oacupied by from two to fifteen per- even return it to us. So we soon realized
sons, depending on the size or the means it was best to get the sennon into one's
of the householder. And far and wide, on head instead of on a piece of paper."
busy streets, on back roads, on tiny little In the missionary home, as a help,
lanes that are almost imperceptible, peo- twenty new words in Vietnamese are dis-
ple are learning that there are mission- cussed daily at the dinner table. Then
aries for Jehovah in Saigon. each one endeavors to use these words in
Despite the vast population, it is re- the house-to-house ministry. The towns-
markable how people can remember people are very patient and listen closely,
names. Said one missionary: "The Viet- seldom ever criticizing the many mistakes
namese love to remember names. They of the beginner. But errors have to be de-
will write yours down carefully, and you tected and corrected, for they can be quite
are sure they will forget it. But, when embarrassing. "When I was new in the
you visit the neighborhood again several language," another missionary reports, "I
months later, they will greet you at their got in the habit of answering Yes to any-
doors using your name." It is certainly a thing I did not understand. One day, when
very friendly custom. I was working with a local Vietnamese
Witness we were invited to stop and talk
The Language Barrier to three young Vietnamese women. My
But, since not many people lmow En- companion later told me that I had an-
glish, how do the missionaries make out swered Yes to such questions as; Do you
talking with the people? That is a good have a wife? Do you have more than one
question. However, it must be remembered wife? Would you like to have some more
that a true missionary goes to the people, wives? Rest assured I no longer answer
does not make them come to him. This Yes to apything I cannot understand."
means he must learn their ways, their
customs, and, yes, their language, be it The Rainy Season
ever so difficult to grasp at first. It has Weather in Saigon presents quite a
many tones, and if the wrong emphasis challenge to the missionary. There are six
or tone is placed on a syllable, it may alter months of dry season, and then six months
the entire meaning of the word. So at the of rain, and does it ever rain! And local
beginning the missionary must spend people can be noted taking advantage of
many hours daily at language study. the heavy rains. Many children in their
For the first few weeks he does not "birthday suits" will run up and down in
worry about vocabulary. He just concen- the rain to get themselves a good bath.
trates on tones, and here his biggest help Older people, when the rain pam;es for a
is his door-to-door ministry. He starts few moments, will rWl to the curb and
with short, memorized sermons and listens bathe their feet in the water surging down
carefully to the idiomatic expressions used the gutters. Car owners and motorcycle
by householders. Reported one mission- owners take advantage of this plentiful
ary: "At the start we would write the supply of water to wash their vehicles.
sermon down on paper, and we would try Some of the back alleys have poor
AUGUST 8, 1968 13
drainage, so much so that the missionary wife anll cnuaren ror me saKe or me
may find himself pedaling his cycle with Kingdom and its interests.
water up to his knees in order to reach
some homes. Or, if condUcting a Bible Religious Confusion
study in some house when the rain starts, The missionary in Saigon is soon aware
he may note the water gradually invading of the various religious factions that fight
the house and swirling about his ,feet. one another for political advantage. Dem-
While the study continues, the household onstrations often end up in violent fights
members may be lifting furniture to high- between these factions, and then the po-
er places, and by the time the study ses- lice have to move in and even use tear
sion concludes all may be sitting with gas to suppress them. These situations at
their feet and legs in water over a foot times interfere with the peaceful work of
deep. At this point a missionary girl is the missionary. One missionary told how
hoping she does not lose her shoes when one day she noticed all at once that every-
she rises to go, and upon departing she is one was running, some crying because of
sure to see other people's shoes floating tear gas in the air. At the same moment
down the alley. she discovered that her bicycle tire had
To offset these discomforts, there is the gone fiat. A man in a nearby home, seeing
warm hospitality of the people, and par- her predicament, quickly ran out, pumped
ticularly during the rainy season. One up the tire and told her to go at once.
cool, rainy day when two missionaries Children, too, were imploring her to leave.
made a visit, they were invi~ in to s'it They wanted no harm to come to her.
down. A towel was brought so they could On one occasion the religious demon-
dry off. Then one of the girls was fur- strators decided to fight it out in front of
nished with a fur coat to keep the chill the missionary home. A tear-gas bomb
off; the other was loaned a sweater. Fi- hit the residence and saturated the front
nally, last but not least, comb and mirror rooms with gas. The missionaries had to
were supplied. Said one of the girls later: hurry into a back room, seal the door and
"That was the first time I ever conducted windows, and wait until the air cleared.
a Bible study in a fur coat!" Another missionary happened to be out in
At times the missionary may come to the street when the tear-gas bombs fell.
a house where· there is only one chair A store owner, noting her plight, invited
available, and it will be offered to the her into his store for protection.
visitor while the family, regardless of age,
stand around. What to do wtder these cir- Living Apart from the World
cwnstances? One missionary found it best Missionary service removes one from
just to place her literature bag on the the world around one in many ways. One
chair and carry on the visit on a friendly learns to live a life apart from this world,
level with the people. concentrating time and attention on the
The Vietnamese are always interested work of proclaiming a new system of
to learn why a missionary does not have things soon to come, one that will bring
any children. In fact, they become so con- deserving ones of all races peace and pros-
cerned that they will even go so far as perity. True, as the worldly-minded en-
to offer a 'child. for adoption, perhaps gage in war all around the missionary, he
twins. It is quite new to them to meet cannot but be affected somewhat. But how
someone who is willing to forgo husband, he reacts to those conditions makes all
14 AWAKE!
the difference. How, for example, does he home. But, while things are upset for a
react to attacks such as those made upon time, . they restrict their territory for
Saigon and other cities in South Vietnam preaching to relatively safe sections near-
recently? by. They do not venture into any of the
That Viet Cong offensive was full ·of smaller alleys at present, because this is
surprises for Saigon. It started in the ear- where most of the Viet Cong hide out
ly hours of morning, with many points during the daytime. As soon as circum-
struck simultaneously. Within a few hours stances improve, they are all ready to
most communications were cut off. Elec- move out into areas farther afield, where
trical and water supplies were cut. Even they know many of the people are await~
the foodstuffs coming into the city were ing additional visits.
halted. Private houses were attacked and So, while there are discomforts, incon-
burned to the ground. Terrorists were veniences, yes, even dangers here in Sai-
everywhere, it seemed. gon, they are as nothing compared to the
A missionary home occupied by nine satisfaction of seeing the fruitage of mis-
active missionaries stanps right in the sionary labors. How gladdening to see one
middle of Saigon. The radio had given full with whom you have studied the Bible for
warning about the attack and its aims. four or five years finally take his stand
Right there and then the nine mission- for God and Christ and join his mission-
aries, from Canada, the United States and ary teacher in proclaiming the "good
Australia, assessed their reasons for be- news" of the Kingdom to others! The
ing there in Vietnam. Who sent them, and hardships of seeding and watering and
why were they there in Saigon? Was it cultivating are forgotten in the joys of
not Jehovah who had sent them to ex- the harvest. "My joy is indeed complete,"
tend life-giving knowledge of His pur- exclaimed one missionary in Saigon, "now
poses to the truth-hungry population? that this man (with whom he had studied
Then, it was to God they would look for four years) has joined me in the house-to-
his protection, and not to the strength house ·preaching." One Vietnamese wom-
and weapons of men.-Prov. 18:10. an studied for almost five years before
Their decision meant possibility of great joining in the door-to-door ministry; an-
danger, but already they can report on other studied for six years before taking
Jehovah's loving provision for their needs. the same step. But they have thoroughly
As one of those missionaries wrote: "The grasped the Bible's message and are eager
local Witnesses have been nothing short to inform their neighbors.
of precious gems. During the first days of So, in spite of all the obstacles, the life
the attack they would take turns coming of the missionary in Saigon is satisfying.
by to see us, and this at risk of their True, the bombs rumble and the rifles
lives. They knew the secret places to buy bark, but after a busy day talking to the
food and would bring it to us. All the people, not about war, but about peace
markets were closed down, of course." soon to be everlastingly ushered in by
It is true that the dive-bombers came God's kingdom, the missionary can rest
very close at times, and the missionaries and sleep. He is happy in the assignment
have to be most careful as they leave the God has giv~n him.
AUGUST 8, 1968 15
THE plunging into a steep-walled
gorge nearly 200 feet belpw. So
WORLD'S WONDROUS powerful and volulninous is it
that a cloud of mist rises up-
~
~.Jtf~ an eleventh·century Greek writer, they
26 AWAKE!
as the Father has sent me forth, I also
am sending you." (John 20:21) We know
that Christ Jesus was and is greater than
his disciples, and thus has authority to
send them forth. By the same token it is
clear that the Father is greater than the
Son. In fact, we have the plain statement
of Jesus: "If God were your Father, you
would love me, for from God I came forth
and am here. Neither have I come of my
own initiative at all, but that One sent
HRISTENDOM'S doctrine of the Trin· me forth." (John 8:42) Then, wipl added
C ity claims that there are three, nallle- emphasis, he declared: "The Father is
ly, God the Father, God the Son and God greater than I am."-John 14:28.
the Holy Ghost, who are all completelY ~ Another principle that is easy to un-
equal and who together make but one God. derstand is that where authority is grant-
That three are one and one is three is ad- ed to or conferred on someone, then there
mittedly a strange kind of mathematics, is a source from which the authority
And if you ask for an explanation of this comes. One vested with authority becomes
dogma by a theologian, he will probably an agent or empowered representative of
inform you that it is all a mystery, some- the one from whom he derived authority.
thing not Wlderstandable to the ordinary Thus police agents are authorized by law.
man. But what does the Bible say about it? They are not above the law, but are them·
2 If we learn from the Bible that there selves subject to it. When they act be·
is no such equality among the three, then yond the authority conferred upon them,
the Trinity teaching falls to the ground. they are usurping authority and are no
Certainly it is to the Bible we should go longer faithful to the law that granted
for a clearing up of this question, for one them certain powers.
of Christ Jesus' apostles wrote: "All Scrip- 6 Now, conSider this frank declaration
ture is inspired of God and beneficial for by Christ Jesus: "Just as the Father has
teaching, for reproving, for setting things life in himself, so he has granted, also to
straight."-2 Tim. 3:16. the Son to have life in himself. And he
3 First, then, you will want to give at· has given him authority to do judging."
tention to a rule that Jesus himself set (John 5:26, 27) Note especially those
forth. It is recorded at John 13:16: "Most words we have italicized. Jesus truly
truly I say to you, a slave is not greater recognized the heavenly Father as the
than his master, nor is one that is sent source of all authority. (Matt. 20:23) As
forth greater than the one that sent him." he said: "The very works that my Father
Did Jesus here mean that slave and mas- assigned me to accomplish, the works
ter are equal, and that one sent as a themselves that I am doing, bear witness
messenger is equal with the one who sent about me that the Father dispatched me."
him? Of course not. You will doubtless (John 5:36) So Jesus received his work
agree that he was teaching that the sender assignment from the Father.
is greater than the one sent. 7 Then, the very relationship of Fa~
4 This understanding is borne out by Je- ther and Son rules out any equality be~
sus' own words in another place: "Just tween the two, for according to Bible
AUGUST S, 196R 27
teaching a son is to honor his father, 10 So, the only-begotten Son of God is
and the father must instruct and coun~ not and never will be equal with his Fa-
sel his son. (Prov. 4:1; Eph. 6:1~3) ther. Though, because of his loyalty, ex-
Even though Jesus Christ has been "ap~ alted to the second position in the whole
pointed heir of all things" by his Father, universe, he will always be subject to the
this does not mean that he enters into One who appointed him heir of all things.
unlimited possession of all things. (Reb. He will forever display to all other crea-
1:2) No, for the heir can inherit fully only tures the course that is pleasing to the
Supreme Sovereign, Jehov:ah.
after the death of the testator. And since
the Father is, in this instance, from ever~
lasting to everlasting, that can never be.
.
11 "Jehovah our God is one Jehovah"
FAR EAST
RACKED BY
FAMINE
-- --------,
WORLD ARMIES
ON THE MARCH
t._
The last half century has witnessed the greatest toll in lives
by war, famine and earthquake in recorded history. And
the toll mounts daily. What will the next decade bring?
The Bible timetable reveals that within the next ten years
mankind will have concluded six thousand years of existence
on earth. What this will mean to the world of mankind and
what the prophecies of the Bible foretell for these next
few years are the subject of the fascinating book
This US-page hardbound book contalD5 over 900 Scripture references and
citations and over 500 subject Index references. Sen.d today. Only 413
(for Australia, SOc; for South Afrka, 3Se). .
-.,..... ---,-.---.-.-.-.-.-.~-.-.-.-.-.-.-.---.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.--- ....-.-.-- ....-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.... -.~-,~-,-,
32 AWAKE.!
How Good Are the Ten Commandments?
I='AGE 5
The Bldp"&1. London N.W. , 8/6 CHANGES OF ADDIES~ .hold ..... II thirty o1~
If'" laland, 621 N•• Nonh Rd .• Auoklllnd 3 90. kI ... ,0" lIurI •• dal •. Gin ~. YR. tid aod now
Soulh ~fr"', Prlfllte ROJ: 2. 1'.0. E\ltndolonte!n. T,I.
(.""11 "'ltle", con ulf I•• abo.. ratoJ.)
7~ add .." 01 _lblt. yOII' 01' "'I'OCI'
1.1II!). ,write
Watch Towor, Watoh Tlmr HOllO. n. Rldgowoy.
Ramllton'" for 8lIbscr!Dt1on•• hould b. . . nt 10 til. of!\o. In Lon'.n N.W. 1. EI.lond.
your .ount1l'. Oth..... 1l!• .."d your "m1lt.ao •• to Rroo~IYn,
Noll .. II uPlral10n Is .. nt at ~ hW liIou" bel"", I!:ntor'~ ""tt" It Broo 'n.,
.. second·.l ...
.ubstrlpUon ""plr ... Prlnt,d In England
Tho Blbl. trl~.I.II .. ".II.,ly .. ed In' "Awan!" I. Ihl 11'", World Tro".I.\lln of Iho HOi, Sorlpt'!ls. 1961 "ltl....
W.an of~. trall,latl ... art I16d, Ihl. I. ,Ia.rly ....... 111.
CONTENTS
Light Means Llfe-->-in Africa Struggles Anew for Independence 17
More Ways than One! 3 Tiny but Vital Muscle 19
How Good Are the Ten Commandments? 5 Bethel's Busy Ministers Preach
West German High Court Renders the Good News 20
Key Decision 9 Training for Violence 2.
Not So Large, but Long 11 Why Ants Are Called "s People" 25
Schizophrenla-a Mental Ailment
That Is Not Hopeless
"Star Differs from Star"
12
,. "Your Word Is Truth"
Is Belief In Fairies Justified?
Watching the World
27
29
"It is already the hour for you fa awalte."
-110 .. 0 ... 13,lt
4 AWAKEI
Are they irrelevant? How should they be viewed
by servants of God today?
ANY religious leaders now say that morality: behavior consistent with what one
M the Ten Commandments are out of
date, irrelevant to modern society. Jo-
honestly believes to be right!"
Many ministers are now teaching these
seph F. Fletcher, professor of ethics at views, even from their pulpits and through
the Episcopal Theological School in Cam- the public news media. For example, the
bridge, Massachusetts, is one prominent cover of the Star Weekly, Toronto, Cana-
theologian with this view. da, of October 8, 1966, carried the picture
According to The National Observer of of a robed minister declaring: "The Ten
April 24, 1967, Fletcher "has spelled out Commandments Are Dead." And the four-
a controversial manifesto of individual page feature article, written by United
freedom and responsibility, based on an Church minister G. W. Goth, asserted:
ethic of brotherly love, which he says "The 10 commandments are no more rel-
should free modern man frwn rigid, ar- evant for today's need than the particular
chaic rules and codes like the 'Ten Com- forms of government and science that were
acceptable in the time of Moses....
mandments.' "
"We are failing to be the masters of the
Another person with such views is events of our time because in a world that
Kenneth C. Bailey. As professor at the has changed immeasurably in every other
Lutheran Concordia College in Minnesota form we continue to cling stubbornly to the
he wrote an article entitled "The Deca- code of a primitive people in a simple so-
ciety."
logue as Morality and Ethics," which
appeared in the prominent religious JOUr- Also in England, George Wilkins, a
nal Theology Today, July 1963. In it he Church of England minister, declared re-
said: garding the Ten Commandments: "They
"What I hope to show is that obser\l'ance
are very largely responsible for giving
or n'on-Observance of a set of rules, such young people the idea that the church is
as the Ten Commandments [or Decalogue], a wet blanket. _ _ . My opinion is not
has nothing whatever to do with morality or unusual. In common with many other
conviction of sin ....
clergymen, I do not refer to the com-
"Morality, for the Christian, consists pre-
cisely in doing whatever he honestly believes mandm'ents in my Sunday services."
is right. We cannot insist that his behavior Well, then, are the Ten Commandments
must be thus and so, for we have no way of really outdated and irrelevant? Should the
knowing what he himseU honestly believes
is right under these particular circumstances_ substance of them be discarded and ig-
. . . This, and only this, is the essence of nored as a proper standard of conduct?
AUGUST 22, 1968 5
Of Divine Origin work was to be done. It was to be a
The Ten Commandments. or Decalogue, sabbath, or rest day, to be kept sacred.
were not conceived or authored by mere -Ex. 20:8-11.
humans. Rather, they were written by Finally, the last six commandments
Jehovah God himself, as the Bible ex· COncern man's dealings with his fellow
plains: "He [Jehovah] declared unto you creatures. They are:
his covenant, which he commanded you Fifth: "Honor your father and your
to perform, even ten commandments; and mother in order that your days may prove
he wrote' them upon two tables of stone." long upon the ground that Jehovah your
(Deut. 4:13; Ex. 31:18, AV) These com· God is giving you."
Sixth: ''You must not murder."
mandments were incorporated into the so- Seventh: "You must not commit adul·
called Mosaic law, or the "law of Moses," tery."
which Jehovah gave through Moses to Eighth: "You must not steal."
govern the nation of Israel. They became Ninth: "You must not testify falsely as a
the ten principal laws of that Law cove· witness against your fellow man."
Tenth: "You must not desire your fellow
nant.-1 Ki. 2:3; Ex. 24:12·18. man's house. You must not desire your
The Ten Commandments, like all other fellow man's wife, nor his slave man nor
works of God, are good. (Deut. 32:4) his slave girl nor his bull nor his ass nor
No set of moral laws ever produced by anything that belongs to your fellow man."
man can compare with them in excellence. -Ex. 20:12·17.
The book Biblical Law by H. B. Clark says Certainly if everyone sincerely endeavored
of them: "They have been called the to live up to the spirit of these command-
greatest short moral code ever formulated ments this would be a much safer, happier
and the idealized model of all law." The world in which to live!
superiority of the Ten Commandments
is commonly recognized by honest men Clergy Undermine Commandments
and women. Nevertheless, some religious leaders say
Appropriately. the first three of them these commandments are irrelevant, and
concern man's worship of the Creator, they seek to undermine them in the eyes
emphasizing bis obligation to hold Jeho-- of the people. For example, in bis article
yah God in highest esteem. in Theology Todlty on the Ten Command-
FIrst, God commanded: "You must not ments, Kenneth C. Bailey wrote concern-
have any other gods against my face." ing the prohibition on adultery:
Second: "You must not make for yourself
a carved image or a form like anything that "Sexual chastity is a highly emotive sub·
is in the heavens above or that is on the 1ect, so it is easy to imagine that any sug·
earth underneath or that is in the waters gestion that under certain circumstances
under the earth. You must not bow down to adultery would be ethically right will be met
them nor be induced to serve them ..." with many a raised eyebrow. But suppose, to
And third: ''You must not take up the take a not·so-extreme example, that a man
name of Jehovah your God in a worthless and a woman, each the husband or wife of
way ... "-Ex. 20:2·7. another, were cast away upon an island, with
little or no hope of rescue. It would be
How fine are these laws, which emphasize ridiculous to suppose that it would be eJ:hi.
that nothing shOUld become more impor· cally wrong for them to cohabitate, even
tant in one's life than worshiping his without benefit of clergy! ... the possibility
of one single instance when insisting upon
Creator! sexual chastity would be wrong is sufficient
The fourth commandment is unique. It to demonstrate that the commandment is
set aside a day in the week on which no not universal."
6 AWAKE!
Thus, theologian Bailey endeavors to Decalogue's Principles Ever Valid
show that Wlder certain circumstances it It is true that the Mosaic law was ful-
is all right to break the commandments filled and as a law code it was brought
-in this instance to c'ommit adultery. He to an end by means of Jesus Christ. The
explains: "The demands of modem society Bible explains: "For Christ is the end
require deCisions be made according to of the Law." "Now we have been dis-
circumstances, and we cannot bind our~ charged from the Law." (Rom. 10:4; 7:6;
selves to an ancient code of laws." Matt. 5: 17) Concerning the action that
Therefore, in connection with the next Jehovah God himself took toward the Mo-
commandment, prohibiting stealing, Bai- saic law, the Bible also says: "He kindly
ley writes: "If a situation were to arise in forgave us all our trespasses and blotted
which the only alternatives were taking out the handwritten document against
another's property without permission, us, which consisted of decrees [including
stealing if you will, and starvation, the the Ten Commandments] and which was
only proper ethical course is clear. . . • in opposition to us [because of condemn-
then stealing another's property is clearly ing us as sinners]; and He has taken it
right." And relative to the ninth com- out of the way by nailing it to the torture
mandment, which says, '''You must not stake."-Col. 2:13, 14.
testify falsely," Bailey asserts: "There However, this does not mean that the
clearly are cases in which it is our obliga- Mosaic law was not good, or that the
tion not to tell the truth." principles underlying the Ten Command-
The prominent Episcopal theologian Jo- ments are not still binding upon Christians
seph F. Fletcher expresses similar views. today. The setting aside of the Law cove-
According to The National Observer, April nant does not mean that Christians are
24, 1967, Fletcher teaches that "in some not bound by laws. True Christians have
situations, unmarried sexual activity could come under a "new covenant," with its
be infinitely more moral than 'married better sacrifice of Jesus' perfect human
love.' Lying could be more Christian than life, and they are subject to the laws and
telling the truth. Stealing could be more commands connected with it. (Heb. 8:7-
acceptable than respecting private prop- 13;. 10:1-4; Luke 22:20) Many of these
erty." laws have been adopted from those fOWld
This religiOUS teaching of modern cler- in the Mosaic law.
gymen has Wldoubtedly contributed to the This is not unexpected or unusual. A
tremendous increase in lawlessness. When similar thing often happens when a new
persons are told that they are free to government takes over the rule of a coun-
try. The constitution under the old govern-
decide when to obey laws, many are boWld ment might be canceled and replaced with
to do what is harmful. Selfish passions a new constitution, but the new constitu-
easily distort decisions. Humans need defi- tion may include many of the regulations
nite guidelines. in the old one. So, too, the Law covenant
But someone might ask: "Are not Chris- came to an end, but Jehovah God estab-
tians released from the Mosaic law? And lished a "new covenant," included in which
so are they not free from the obligation are many commands and instructions that
to adhere to its many commands? Should were embodied in the old Law covenant.
they not, therefore, enjoy the freedom Note how this is the case. The Ten Com-
from law of which the clergymen speak?" mandments ordered that no other gods
AUGUST 22, 1968 7
besides Jehovah are to be worshiped, no "But what about the sabbath law?"
idolatrous images are to be made or bowed someone may ask. "That fourth command-
to, and Jehovah's name is not to he treated ment has thus far been skipped. Are
in a worthless way. Are Christians re· Christians under obligation to observe a
quired to obey what is expressed in these da~ of rest?"
first three commandments? Most assur· No, nowhere in the Bible are Christians
ecUy! commanded to keep a literal rest one day
Jesus Christ himself emphasizes that 'it in seven. On the contrary, they are told:
is Jehovah your God alone that you must "Therefore let no man judge you in eating
worship.' (Matt. 4:10; 1 Cor. 10:20·22) and drinking or in respect of a festival or
Also, Christians in the new covenant are of an observance of the new moon or of
warned: "Guard yourselves from idols." a sabbath." The bringing to an end of
(1 John" 5:21; 1 Cor. 10:14) And Jesus' the Mosaic law, by "nailing it to the
followers were taught by him to pray that torture stake," relieved ~Christians from
.Jehovah's nallle be sanctified, or hallowed, observing tbe many Jewish reHgiolls fes-
which certainly requires that a Christian tivals, including the sabbath observance.
praying that prayer treat God's name re.- -Col. 2:13-16; Lev. 23:1-44; 25:1·12.
spectfully and not in a worthless way.
-Matt. 6:9.
Nevertheless, the prin~iple underlying
sabbath observance was carried over into
How about the commandment to honor
father and mother? It, too, is carried over the Christian system. For Christians that
into the Christian system of things, chil- means they must observe a spiritual sab-
dren being instructed: "Be obedient to bath or rest. This is a rest that is contjn-
your parents." (Eph. 6: 1, 2) And not only uous, not one day a week but all seven
are Christians not to murder, as the sixth days. It is a rest that comes from faith
commandment prohibits, but they are and obedience; a rest from selfish works,
commanded to love their enemies. They including efforts to establish one's own
are also counseled: "Everyone who hates righteousness. (Heb. 4:10) Even as the
his brother is a manslayer."-l John 3:15; literal seventh-day sabbath served to
Matt. 5:44. guard the Israelites against being taken
While clergymen may make allowance over by materialism, so the spiritual rest
for adultery under certain circumstances, of Christians safeguards them against the
the Bible does not. Rather, for Christians same snare.
this commandment is given" emphasis.
"God will judge fornicators and adulter· Truly, the Ten Commandments are very
ers." (Heb. 13:4; 1 Thess. 4:3·7) Nor are good, and certainly the principles of them
exceptions made in the Bible for stealing are relevant and up-to-date for our day.
or lying. Both of these practices are speci· So even though the Mosaic law, with its
fically prohibited for Christians living un· Ten Commandments, was brought to an
der the new covenant. (Eph. 4:25, 28; end, the principles of that wonderful law
1 Cor. 6:9·11; Rev. 21:8) The tenth com· code are still valid. Love for God will moti-
mandment, against desiring what belongs vate Christians to obey all his command·
to one's fellowman, is also carried over into ments for them. (1 John 5:3) At the same
the Christian system of things, Jesus mak- time, they will turn away from clergymen
ing a special point of warning against such who undermine God's Word and from the
desires.-Luke 12:15; Col. 3:5. religious organizations they represent.
8 AWAKE!
W~ST G~RMAN HIGH COURT
RENDERS
the
public of Germany.
Constitutional
KEY
Court is regarded as
the highest court of the
land. The decisions of
DECISIOl:\£
other high courts can be appealed and
brought to the Constitutional Court if one of them had already been sentenced to
feels that his constitutional rights have prison terms by lower courts and had
been violated. served between two 'and eight months for
The Court serves much the same function their conscientious objection to service in
as the Supreme Court of the United States. Gennany's armed forces.
When it decides a case, it is not possible The point involving constitutional law
to appeal the case to another court. The in West Germany arose after they had
same matter could come up again only if served their prison sentences. They were
the Constitutional Court would accept it given a new summons from the Federal
at a later time either to confirm or to Minister of Labor, who is responsible for
reverse its own decision. inducting persons into alternative civilian
This means that the West German gov- service. This summons again called uPQn
ernment and courts are bound by the these witnesses of Jehovah to enter civilian
decisions of the Constitutional Court. A service as a substitute for induction into
change can take place in constitutional the armed forces. Maintaining the same
matters only if that high court makes stand on the matter as the first time, they
the change. refused and were sentenced to jail once
more, some of them for terms of six
Key Decision months.
Recently, the Constitutional Court ren-
The complainants all considered their
dered a key decision that affects those
who for reasons of religious conviction second prison term as being contrary to
refuse military service. the constitution of the Federal Republic
On March 7, 1968, the Court declared of Germany. On what basis? On the basis
by a 5 to 2 margin that it is unconstitu- of Article 103, Paragraph 3, of the con-
tional to sentence a person to jail a second stitution. According to this statute, it is
time after he has already served one term a violation of the rights of West Gennan
for refusing to accept military service or citizens to be sentenced twice for the same
substitute duty. act.
In this important case the complainants While a person can be sentenced to a
were a number of Jehovah's witnesses. An prison term each time he breaks the law
AUGUST 22, 1968 9
anew, he cannot be sentenced twice for a common law-breaker, but rather that
the same violation. Thus, when Jehovah's a decision of conscience is at hand, . . .
witnesses refused military service or its Therefore one responsible to do alternative
alternative the first time, they were sen- servIce who refused his service out of hon-
tenced to jail and served their sentences. est, conscientious groQIlds cannot be re-
Yet, when released from jail, they were peatedly abducted to alternative service,
again brought before the courts, tried for and, because of refusing to do this service,
refusing alternative service in lieu of mili- be punished. Such a kind of compulsory
tary service, and once more sentenced to punishment would rWl contrary to the
jail. meaning of freedom of conscience."
Thus, Jehovah's witnesses in West
Decision8 of Lower Court8 Annulled Germany are now released from the bur-
After hearing the case, the Constitu-
den of having to serve repeated prison
tional Court handed down its decision on terms for their conscientious objection to
March 7. It declared null and void all the military service or voluntarily accepting
decisions of lower courts that had resulted an alternative.
in some of Jehovah's witnesses' being sent
to prison a second time. Other Lands
In its decision,' the Court declared the
The course that the Federal Republic
following! "To exercise justice in the of Germany has taken is similar to the
problem of refusal to perform alternative
course taken by many other COWltries in
service out of conscientious reasons, it is handling the cases of Jehovah's witnesses
therefore necessary to consider that their
relative to military service.
conscientious decision, as Jehovah's wit-
nesses, was not continually renewed, but For example, in the United States
rather in every case had been made only Jehovah's witnesses who are not in the
once, and this decision was made at the full-time work of the ministry are called
same time as that to refuse military ser- upon for induction. When they refuse they
vi"ce for all time. ThIs was already shown are often given prison terms, most of
in the fact that they, being irreproachable these ranging from two to five years,
citizens of the state until this time, were heavier sentences than have been given
willing without hesitation to take on even in West GermanY. However, in the United
a criminal imprisonment for their refusal." States, as in West Germany now, they are
The Court saw the injustice of treating not usually called upon for service again
"irreproachable citizens" in the same way after having served one prison .term.
that it would treat persons who repeatedly In Sweden the matter is handled with
had committed crimes such as murder, even greater recognition for the freedom
assault or theft. Jehovah's witnesses are of conscience. As in Germany, Sweden
well known in Germany for their strict earlier recognized the irreproachable con-
obedience to all the laws of the land that duct of Jehovah's witnesses as citizens,
do not conflict with God's laws, which Is and saw the futility of jailing them as
why the Court recognized them as citi- common criminals. Sweden's parliament
zens who were without reproach. then came to a new decision. A Swedish
Hence, the Court stated that when paper, Freden, of June 10, 1966, stated of
sanctions were applied to Jehovah's wit- it in an editorial: "Jehovah's witnessee
nesses, these sanctions must show "that will in the future, after an individual in-
they are not referring to the conduct of vestigation, be relieved of compulsory ser-
10 AWAKE!
vice by the simple method of not being tary service." Under Spanish law Jeho-
called up at all." The editorial added: vah's witnesses are repeatedly imprisoned
"Sweden's Riksdag is to be congratulated on the same charge. When called upon for
for this decision which solves a problem military service in Franco's armed forces,
that has hitherto been looked upon 88 un~ they refuse. Hence, they are sentenced to
solvable. Sweden can in this respect serve between six months and six years in prison.
as an example to other countries." At the end of that sentence they must
In Brazil a similar course is now being again present themselves for military ser~
followed. There, the constitution had pro~ vice. When they maintain the same stand
vided for the freedom of conscience and as originally and refuse induction, the
the free exercise of religion. However, its courts impose even harsher prison sen~
application to Jehovah's witnesses was un- tences upon them. This is in addition to
clear. But on June 8, 1967, the application the term already served. England's Guard-
of these freedoms was clarified. In Decree ian of July 4, 1967, noted: "Four of the
No. 56 the minister of the army set out men are now serving their thIrd consecu-
instructions to the Directory of Military tive prison sentence. They have been in
service for granting claims for exemption prison for periods totalling between eight
from performing military service. It di~ and 14 years."
rected that Brazilian citizens may, after Thus, we can observe how the matter of
an investigation, be exempted from m.ili~ conscientious objection to military service
tary service because of religious convic- is handled by various countries. On the
tions. one hand there is the course taken by
On the other hand, there are countries Sweden, which recognizes the freedom of
that do not at all recognize the freedom of religious conscience and deals with the
religion or conscience. Among such, of matter in a very humane and enlightened
course, are the Communist countries. manner. At the other extreme there is
There, Jehovah's witnesses are denied Spain, which deals with conscientious in-
classification either as ministers or con~ dividuals in a way that is reminiscent of
scientious objectors, but are given stiff jail the "dark ages" and the Inquisition.
sentences for not serving in Communist By its recent decision, the high court
military forces. However, such treatment of the Federal Republic of Germany shows
is not confined to Communist lands alone. it has respect for the constitutional rights
The same, or worse, is meted out in coun~ of the individual and for the freedoms of
tries such as Spain and Portugal. religion and conscience. West Germany
Of Spain, the New York Post of July 6, thus joins the more liberal nations, which,
1967, reported: "At least 67 Jehovah's to this point at least, have been careful to
witnesses face the possibility of life terms protect the freedoms that mankind cher-
in Spanish prisons for refusing to do mill- ishes so much.
Symptoms
There are many symptoms that are re-
garded as indications of schizophrenia.
MONG your acquaintances there may Not all of them, however, may be experi-
A be someone who is afflicted with
schizophrenia. This mental ailment is so
enced by one person, although the symp-
toms he does experience may change from
comnlOn that one percent of the earth's month to month. With some people they
population are afflicted with it. In the develop slowly over a period of months or
United States it is responsible for putting perhaps years, whereas with others they
about 250,000 people in mental hospitals, develop almost overnight.
which is around 50 percent of all people A change in personality without any ob-
in such places. It is not confined to any vious explanation for it is perhaps the
particular society of people, culture, SO~ chief mark of this illness. It does not split
cial group or race, but afflicts people of a person's personality into two or more
all types and ages. personalities, as some persons mistakenly
There is no general agreement among think, but it alters his personality. An out-
doctors as to what constitutes schIzo- going person, for example, may become
phrenia or what causes it. The tenn is ap- shy, seclusive, lonely and irritable without
plied to a wide variety of mental disorders. apparent reason.
Psychiatrists differ as to where the bor- Schizophrenia also causes changes in a
der line should be drawn. What one group person's sense perception. Thus ordinary
sounds may seem deafening to him, and
might classify as schizophrenia is not nec-
ordinary conversation may sound as if
essarily what another group would classi- people are shouting. Colors may become
fy as such. more brilliant to the eye; pictures may
Despite the fact that a very high per- take on a three-dimensional quality where-
centage of mentally disturbed people are as three-dimensional objects may appear
schizophrenic, very little is actually known flat; the faces of other people may appear
about the illness. This, according to the in strange shapes such as a triangle or a
book Schizophrenia-An Integrated Ap- square; and there may be difficulty in es-
proach, which was edited by Dr. Alfred timating distances and the sizes of things.
Auerback, "is a paradox of modern psy- The sense of smell becomes distorted so'
chiatry." Nevertheless, the ailment is not that the person may become sensitive to
12 AWAKE!
odors that he never paid much attention to made over, He did not realize that he
before. Body odors, for example, may be- could no longer trust his senses.
come especially noticeable and unpleasant
to him, and so he may wash himself ex- Popular Theory of Cau/fe
cessively. Influenced by the thinking of the Aus-
Delusions and hallucinations are cam- trian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud, most
mon with schizophrenics. They may have modern psychiatrists think that schizo-
delusions of seeing lights or other things phrenia is a maladjustment to other peo-
in the sky or may imagine that people ple that was seeded in childhood. The)'
are laughing at them behind their back look at it as a pattern of behavior that is
or are plotting things against them. They sick rather than as a disease. So they
may be certain that they are being view the person who develops schizo-
watched and followed and may claim that phrenia as having an inadequate person-
plotters are afflicting them with electric- ality that finally succumbs to an environ-
ity or burning rays that they feel on mental stress.
their skin. As might be expected, they The parents of one who has schizo-
tend to withdraw within themselves and phrenia are usually charged with much of
may even hide themselves somewhere, be- the responsibility for his having it, mari-
coming wholly occupied with their hallu- tal strife being regarded as one of the
cinations and delusions. Some have the causes. Mothers in particular are accused
delusion of being Napoleon, George Wash- of a long list of evils that are thought to
ington or some other notable person of cause this mental sicknegg. Th~ indude·.
history. Others may believe that they are emotional deprivation, overt rejection, co-
brittle and think that they will break if vert rejection, cold mechanical handling,
they smile or move, and- so they stay for overprotection, caprlclOus punishments,
hours in one position. severe discipline, and so forth. Such accu-
The HIness brings about a change in the sations, however, may unwisely lead some
sense of taste, causing food to have. a parents to feel guilty for the sickness of
bitter, metallic or tainted taste. As a re- their child, and others to be too permis-
sult a schizophrenic may conclude that sive with their children in fear that the
someone is trying to poison him and may children may develop schizophrenia.
take elaborate precautions in obtaining It seems strange that parents should be
and preparing his food. blamed for caUSing schizophrenia when
Recognition of friends and relatives there are a great many children who have
may become difficult because of the altera- received the same treatment from theh-
tions the illness causes in his senses of parents as schizophrenic children are sup-
perception. He may become thoroughly posed to have received, and yet only one
convinced that someone, as dose as a mar- percent of the world's popUlation have
riage mate is a total stranger or that a schizophrenia. In his book The Abnormal
total stranger is a dear friend. In one case Personality, Pro-fessor Robert W. White
a mother failed to recognize her baby and observed: "In addition it must be kept in
thought that a strange baby had been mind· that not every child in a family is
substituted for hers. In still another case likely to be schizophrenic. There is no
a high-scbool youth had difficulty recog- reason to doubt that each child will be
nizing his friends and relatives and con- treated a. little differently, but if we want
cluded that they were baving their faces the psychogenic hypothesis to be com-
AUGUST 22, 1968 13
pletely adequate we must be prepared to chiatrists who hold this View, the Nobel
show how the wen children escaped the Prize-winning chemist Dr. Linus Pauling
fate of the sick one." said, in April 1968, that therapy seeking
There are psychiatrists who take issue to restore chemical balance is "the best
with the theory that schizophrenia is method of treatment for many patients."
caused by childhood environment. Doctors That the mind can be affected by an up-
Abram Hoffer and Humphrey Osmond, in set in the body's chemistry is evident from
their book How to Live with Schizophre~ the disease known as pellagra. It is due
nia, said: "Myth No.3 is that schizophre~ to a deficiency in the body of a B vitamin
nia is due to bad mothering. It is remark~ called niacin. This vitamin is also called
able how well established this is in spite nicotinic add. A person who gets peDagra
of the fact that no researCh has ever been may become mentally unbalanced.
done which proves it." Experiments have indicated that there
are chemical substances in the body of a
Heredity.
schizophrenic that are not present in nor-
There is reason to conclude that a ge~
mal people. On this point Dr. Nolan p. C.
netic defect is linked with schizophrenia.
Lewis remarked: "It would seem to be
This was pointed out in a report made by
established that there is something differ-
Dr. David Rosenthal in 1964. In the 11rst
ent circulating in the blood of schizophre·
case ever recorded of schizophrenia in
nics than in that of other people."
identical quadruplets, he found that they
Dr. Robert Heath has discovered a sub-
and their father had the same abnormal
stance in the blood of schizophrenics that
brain wave and that a pattern of mental
causes a disturbance in the behavior of
illness was in the family. He concluded
animals when injected into them. Human
that an "inherited factor needs to be pres-
volunteers who received this substance
ent for 'schizophrenia to develop. However,
were also affected mentally, developing
without severe environmental stresses the
schizophrenic symptoms. Doctor Heath
illness may not appear in those who have
calis the substance taraxein.
a predisposition to it."
Further evidence supporting this con- Independent research by Dr. Arnold
clusion is the finding of Dr. F. J. Kall~ Friedhoff revealed a distinctive chemical
man, which revealed that if one identical in the urine of schizophrenic patients that
twin has schizophrenia, there is an 85- he called DMP£. It was in the urine of
percent chance the other will too. He also 15 out of 19 schizophrenics but not in 14
found that when one parent in a family normal subjects. When injected into test
suffered from it, 16.4 percent of the off- animals it proved to have mind-altering
spring from those parents would also have properties. The substance seems to be
it. But if both had it, then 68.1 percent closely related in chemical structure with
of their offspring would be schizophrenic. adrenaline, a hormone that is produced in
the human body.
Biochemical Theory The research done by Doctors Hoffer
A theory that dOes not yet have wjde- and Osmond also focused attention on
spread acceptance among psychiatrists adrenaline. They concluded from their
but that appears to be a reasonable expla· findings that it is definitely linked with
nation for schizophrenia views the illness the cause of schizophrenia. They have
as being caused by a flaw in the chemical pointed out that this hormone is toxic and
operations of the body, Joining the psy- is quickly changed in the oody to another
14 AWAKE/
toxic substance called adrenochrome. They suppress the symptoms of schizo.
This, in turn, is quickly changed in nor· phrenia, making it easier to break down
mal persons to a harmless substance called the patient's withdrawal into himself and
leuco·adrenochrome. easier for him to live with normal people.
These doctors believe that the body But these drugs have bad side effects on
of a schizophrenic has a flaw in the man· the long term. Using a drug such as chlor-
ner in which it handles these chemi- promazine, for example, over a lon~ pe_
cals, with the result that adrenochrome is riod of time can damage the eyes and
changed into a poisonous substance called skin. It might also be noted that, accord.
adrenolutin. Their conclusion is that too ing to Doctor Hoifer, such drugs as
much adrenochrome, adrenolutin, tarax- amphetamine, preludin and some anti-
ein and other detrimental substances are depressants are even dangerous for schizo-
prodUced in the body of a schizophrenic phreniCS and should be avoided.
~d carried to his brain by the blood The In times past insulin-coma therapy was
result is that the message·carrying ability used in treatment for schizophrenia, but
of the brain cells is affected adversely, since the introduction of tranquilizing
causing the various symptoms of schizo· drugs it has been abandoned almost every.
phrenia. Human Volunteers who have tak· where. Insulin-coma therapy was a dan·
en adrenochrome and adrenolutin have ex· gerous treabnent in which a person was
perienced striking changes in personality put into shock and deep coma by lower-
and other schizophrenic symptoms. ing his blood sugar with insulin. Doctors
view tranquilizers as being much safer
Treatment and more effective.
In about 50 percent of the persons who Today stubborn cases of schizophrenia
experience the symptoms of schizophrenia that do not respond to drug treatment are
the body is able to make the necessary given electroconvulsive therapy called
adjustments for a natural recovery. But ECT. Small quantities of electricity are
other persons require treatment. passed across the patient's temples, Caus-
It was not so long ago that there was ing him to fall into a deep sleep, and then
li.ttle hope for a schizophrenic who did he has a convulsive seizure. Doctors say
not recover naturally. He was very likely that this therapy is safe and painless, and
to spend the rest of his life in a men- it is often helpful in producing a tempo·
tal hospital. PSYChotherapy based upon rarily jmproved condition in a schizo-
Freud's theories proved ineffectl,lal. Com- phrenic that may last for a few days or
menting on this, Doctors Hoffer and Os- weeks, making possible the effective use
mond stated: "Psychotherapy of a deep of other forms of treatment.
and interpretive kind has not been shown Remarkable, Iong·lasting results have
to bring aboot any improvement in this been obtained by doctors who have ap-
illness, and many in fact consider that it proached schizophrenia with the theory
disrupts the patient and may impede that it is due to a breakdown in a cherni·
recovery." cal operation in the body. Working with
With the discovery of traflquilizing the objective of reducing the poisonous
drugs it was possible to produce marked effects of this breakdown, they have been
improvement in the behavior of schizo- experiencing good success with niaCin.
phrenics. These drugs brought good re· Doctors Hoffer and Osmond, for example,
suIts On the short term but not a cure. claim a recovery rate of 75 percent of
AUGUST R2, ly68 15
those they have treated. and there has the doctors say, if no symptoms return.
been a low percentage of these that had If they do, several years of treatment will
to be readmitted to the hospital. then be necessary. In especially stubborn
These doctors stated: "In 1962 we fol· cases additional treatment with electro-
lowed up the first sixteen patients treated convulsive therapy and perhaps the drug
with the vitamin in 1952, and compared penicillamine may be necessary. Dr. Linus
them with a group of twenty·seven schizo· Pauling also recommends vitamin treat-
phrenic patients who were receiving the ment for mental sickness.
treatments popularly in use at that time, When niacin is used it tends to cause a
psychotherapy, barbiturates, tranquilizers flush to go over the body, but this is nat-
and ECT. We found that the twenty·seven ural and said to be harmless. The massive
non·niacin patients did not fare very well. doses of this vitamin and also of vitamin
Seventeen of them, or almost sixty·three C are harmless, according to Doctors
percent. had to return to hospital for fur· Hoffer and Osmond. As an additional
ther treatment for a total of sixty-three benefit from the treatment, niacin lowers
times. . . . By comparison, twelve of the blood cholesterol and high blood pressure
sixteen vitamin-patients, or seventy-five and slows hardening of the arteries.
percent, did not have to return to hospital If you have a relative or friend who
for further treatment, and are well today." has schizophrenia, do not conclude that
The vitamin treatment for schizophre- his case is hopeless. As has just been
nia used by Doctors Hoffer and Osmond pointed out, there are forms of treatment
consists of massive doses of niacin and that can benefit him. It is necessary, how-
vitamin C, amounting to 3,000 milligrams ever, to recognize that a schizophrenic is
of each every day. One thousand of each a sick person and should be treated as
is given to a patient with every meal. This such. Be as considerate and forgiving of
dosage might be increased Slibstantially in his peCUliarities as possible. Help him to
difficult cases. These doctors say that pro- determine what is real and unreal, and,
nOWlced improvement can 'be expected in above all, make it clear that you love him.
a period of several weeks to three months. With proper treatment, a schizophrenic
The treatment must be continued for one can, in time, lead a normal and produc-
year and can then be stopped indefinitely, tive life.
HIS magazine that you are reading workers and many, many others. Here
T was printed by a group of dedicated
ministers. Yes, ministers who devote their
they are, unitedly pooling all their nat-
ural abilities and talents to the gigantic
full time to seeing to it that you and job of helping to care for the needs of
millions of others are supplied with hooks, the world's spiritually hungry.
booklets and magazines in scores of lan~ They individually spend forty-seven or
guages to help explain the teachings of the more hours a week at their duties in the
Bible and the significance of our restless Bethel home or at the printing plant a
times. Motivated by a deep love for God few blocks away. However, their activity
and for you, their neighbor, these Chris- does not end when the quitting-time bell
tian servants of God have freely volun- resounds throughout these buildings in the
teered to undertake this time-consuming, evening and at Saturday noon. No, these
mammoth project. ministers scatter into every section of New
If you were to observe them on their York city by automobile, bus and subway
way to their assigned duties, you would to preach God's Word or to attend meet-
immediately notice the great variety of ings in various homes and at the Kingdom
persons in this family of ministers known Halls of Jehovah's witnesses. Like the
as the "Bethel family," living at the head- majority of their fellow Witnesses
quarters of the Watch Tower Society, in throughout the earth, they devote time
Brooklyn, New York. Among them are each week to preaching God's kingdom.
smiling Negroes, polite Orientals, enthusi- Moreover, they endeavor to attend and
astic Latins and others. Speaking with share in all five meetings sponsored by the
them, you would find that they hail from Christian congregation to which they are
forty-nine States, including Alaska and assigned. Of the 184 congregations in
Hawaii. Further, within their ranks are New York city, members of the Bethel
ones from Australia, Hong Kong, the Phil- family work with or hold responsible po-
ippine Islands, Italy, Greece, Lebanon, sitions in 149. Yes, their days are packed
Turkey, Mexico, EI Salvador, Cuba, Hon- with activity, beginning at 6:30 a.m. and
duras, Puerto Rico, Germany, Austria, ending when they turn off the lights in
Denmark, Switzerland, Ireland, Scotland, their rooms at 10:30 p.m. or, sometimes,
England and Canada. later. No wonder some visitors to their
They are from all walks of life and home called them 'the busiest, fastest-
many different professions. Yes, this Beth- walking people in the world.'
el family contains· carpenters, plumbers, You. cannot help but sense the deep de-
mechanics, barbers, artists, beauticians, votion'that these Bethel family members
electricians, musicians, engineers, medical have for God's work today. The spirit of
20 AWAKE!
self-sacrifice is displayed by them, from growth of these congregations is greatly
the youngest, who is eighteen years old, appreciated by those whom they serve.
to the oldest, who, in his ninety-fourth Their taking the lead in preaching, setting
year, still makes his way to work each the example in abiding by Jehovah's
morning. Yes, it is seen in the semipara- righteous principles and teaching of new
lyzed sixty-four-year-old who has been de- ones has had a stabilizing effect on these
voting his full time to God's service for groups. The Spanish folks love them and
the past twenty-six years. Though walking treat them as jf they were members of
is difficult for him, he visits families living their own family. Heartwarming is. the
in basements and first-floor apartments fact that other members of the Bethel
and works on streets in rain or shine to family are learning Spanish in their spare
preach the good news of God's kingdom. time. Why? They want to qualify to be
He spends about fifteen hours each month assigned to one of these congregations and
doing this in addition to his work in the help humble Spanish-speaking persons to
Bethel home. No one can doubt his devo- understand the Bible.
tion to Jehovah God! On December 1, 1967, New York city
saw the establishment of its first French-
Preaching to New York's Spani8h speaking congregation of Jehovah's wit-
and French Populace nesses. Its formation was due to Jehovah's
Here in New York city there is a huge blessing the zealous efforts of some of the
population of Spanish-speaking people, and French-speaking members of the Bethel
thirty Spanish congregations of Jehovah's family, among others. The congregation
has since grown from forty persons to
witnesses have been organized to feed
sixty-six persons. Five members of the
them spiritually. Thirty members of the Bethel family work with this joyful group.
Bethel family who speak the language flu- Yes, there are some others in the Bethel
ently are assigned to work with these zeal- family who are learning French to assist
ous congregations. Two of them serve as them.
presiding ministers, and twenty-five others Since New York's large French popula-
serve in other responsible capacities. Their tion do not all live in one section of the
contribution to the spiritual welfare and city, you might wonder how they are
reached by this group.
They call on persons
""">" whose addresses are sup-
plied them by Haitians and
others. Two records are
kept of this activity. One
is for the minister in their
congregation who is re-
sponsible for the work of
mapping out the territory
where French-speaking
persons live. The other so
that these individual minis-
ters can make return visits
The Brooklyn Bethel home from across East River on the interested ones they
AUGUST 22, 1968 21
find. ObvIously, this is time-consuming, acquainted with Christendom's doctrines.
but the Bethel family members, along He was able to start a Bible study with
with their companions in this congrega- them. When they told their relatives that
tion, know that lives are involved. they were studying the Bible with Jeho-
One of these French-speaking Bethel vah's witnesses, a campaign of opposition
ministers was asked to call on a Haitian broke out. The relatives sPoke against the
woman. When he did so, he found that Witnesses and gave them Chinese anti-
she was searching for God's truth. She Witness literature. These sincere people,
was disillusioned with the Catholic church however, saw clearly that Jehovah and
because the priests never gave her a satis- Jesus are two different persons. Their rela-
fying answer to her questions. They never tives were contending that they were one.
referred to the Bible but just used tradi- One evening they barge.;t in on the study
tion. She knew that Jehovah's witnesses as the Bethel minister was conducting it.
had Bible truth and she wanted to learn it They began their tirade on the validity of
from them. A study was started with her, the Trinity. Calmly, the minister showed
and the next day, SUnday, she attended the them how they were misapplying the
meetings, The following Sunday she ex- Scriptures and completely refuted their
pressed her desire to participate in the arguments. The ones who were studying
WatchtO'l.OOT study. In a short time she has with him could see the truthfulness of the
made rapid progress, and the Bethel Bible, especially after a number of these
minister Is elated because of having the sessions. This strengthened them to con-
privilege of helping this meek person. tinue in their studies and enhanced their
appreciation of the Bible's trutlJ..
Caring for Chinese and At present there is an Italian-speaking
Italian New Yorkers member of the Bethel family who is WOrk-
The many Chinese who live in New ing with a group of forty Italian persons.
York's colorful Chinatown are being This group may some day become Ian
cared for by a small group of Chinese- Italian-speaking" congregation of Jeho-
speaking witnesses of Jehovah. A Chinese vah's witnesses in New York city. If you
member of the Bethel family is in charge Could speak with this minister he would
of the group, which averages fourteen tell you that the zeal and enthusiasm of
persons. Since the group was formed a these Italian persons are a joy to him. He
while back three new ones have joined it. radiates this when he tells how he looks
Associated with them are nine members of forward to being with them on the eve-
the Bethel family. These have undertaken nings he is to work with them. About five
to learn the difficult Cantonese Chinese other Bethel ministers are spending some
language under the tutelage of the Chinese of their spare time in learning Italian. Yes,
brother in charge of the group. Twice a they want to join this enthusiastic group
week they assemble in his room for in-
and help other sincere Italians to find the
struction that takes two hours. They will
spend further time to do the required truth that will lead them to everlasting
study and homework. They do all this in life.
their spare time-truly an act of love. Five Last summer this Bethel minister took
of these students are of Chinese descent a large family of Italian persons to the
and the other four are non-Chinese. district assembly. Though they could not
One of these students was asked to call understand English, they wanted to be
on a Chinese family who were somewhat in the audience with their spiritual broth-
22 AWAKE!
ers. The Bethel minister helped them to woman. He and his wife studied with her
follow some of the program by indicat· for about a year and this woman's zeal
ing what scriptures were being quoted. was kindled. She wanted to spend a vaca-
This enabled them to follow it in their tion period ir;t the full·time preaching
Italian Bibles. How mutually ,encouraged work. The presiding minister tactfully ex-
they were by this manifestation of love Plained the requirements she had to meet.
and Christian brotherhood! The following week she gave prayerful
consideration to dedication and baptism so
Privileges and Experiences in the Ministry that she could qualify for this privilege.
Among the Wlique privileges that some Though she met all the other qualifica-
of the members of the Bethel family have tions, she was yet unbaptized.
enjoyed is the one involving a local FM The only day she could be baptized was
radio station. On Sunday mornings they on April I, which was also the day she
share in broadcasting a half·hour pro· wanted to enter the vacation full-time
gram that reaches out over a radius of preaching work., How joyful all were
about fifty miles. The program is devoted when she was baptized that day and then
to explaining the Bible and the teachings began to fulfill her desires! Her course
of Jehovah's witnesses. It is called "All of faithfulness has brought great happi-
Scripture Is Beneficial." The program is ness and satisfaction to this married couple
divided into two parts of fifteen minutes in Bethel.
each. The first is a discussion between two By showing hospitality to strangers,
persons on a particular Bible theme and another married couple at Bethel were
the second is a talk based on an article greatly blessed. While they were attending
published in the Watchtower or A wake! the meeting at the Kingdom Hall locat-
magazine. Many listeners who are not ed in the Bethel home, a stranger walked
Jehovah's witnesses are getting an idea of in. The husband quickly introduced him-
the truthfulness of the Bible and the faith self and his wife to him. After getting
that Jehovah's witnesses have in its acquainted, they invited him to sit with
promises. them during the meeting. They found out
Every now and then there is a call for that he was to be in the United States for
someone to address a local church or col- only six weeks. He had Come to the inter·
lege group about the beliefs of Jehovah's national headquarters of Jehovah's wit-
witnesses. Over the years many different nesses here in Brooklyn at the request of
members of the Bethel family have shared. his wife who was studying with the Wit.
in this rewarding privilege. They have nesses in ~gland.
been able to give a fine witness to many They arranged to call on him and he
people who otherwise would not pay heed reluctantly accepted. Soon the married
to the urgent message preached by the couple's loving interest, warm hospitality
Witnesses or who could not be reached due and generosity began to convince this man
to certain circumstances. that there was something to their work
In their preaching from door·to·door and religion. His interest was kindled and
and studying the Bible with people, these he asked them to study with him every
Bethel ministers have had some very night until he left the country. The couple
happy experiences. One Bethel minister agreed to do so. So when they were not
who serves as a presiding minister took attending meetings, this man would come
over a Bible study with an interested to their room at Bethel directly after his
AUGUST 22, 1968 23
work in the evening, eat what they lov- unteered to teach him, inviting him to
ingly prepared for him and study with study in his room at Bethel. They studied
them for three to four hours. Before he for about four weeks, and then the Bethel
left, he even joined the husband in the minister arranged for someone near his
preaching work. home to study with him. He has continued
As he traveled to the various places to progress and is trying to live up to what
that his work required, the Bethel couple he wrote the minister after their first con-
kept in touch with him. They wrote to versation. He wrote: "You said that one
various Witnesses in the cities on his is not born a witness of Jehovah. One be-
itinerary asking them to care for his spir- comes such. With God's help, with assidu-
itual needs. After two years of diligent ity in study and forthrightness in inten-
care they were rewarded with the joy of tion, it is to this that I strive."
hearing from him saying that he and his Many, many other experiences could be
wife were baptized. They rejoice that related about Bethel's busy ministers.
today he holds a responsible position in While they have not come here for the
the congregation where he attends in En- sale purpose of preaching, they do not
gland and is helping others to learn the neglect this vital activity when away from
Bible. their duties. They know that this helps
Another experience involves a young them to maintain a spiritually balanced
college student who walked tnto the lobby outlook on their work at the headquarters
of the Watchtower factory. He had comE facilities. The great amount of work each
to learn more about Jehovah's witnesses. one does in a week can be attributed only
Why? A non-Witness friend in college to the power that God's holy spirit infuses
spoke so highly about them that it aroused in them.-Phii. 4: 13.
his curiosity. The Bethel minister in the When night falls and the lights through-
lobby answered his intelligent questions. out the Bethel home are flicked off, God
The student obtained some literature, hears many prayers of thanksgiving and
which he later read and absorbed. requests for strength and blessings. These
In the short conversation they had, the devoted ministers. having done all things
student saw that he needed to learn more for God's glory, now fall into a deep sleep
and that he could not do this on his own. that is pleasurable, having done what they
The free home Bible study arrangement of ought to have done. (Prov. 3:23, 24; Luke
Jehovah's witnesses was a joyful surprise 17:10; 1 Cor. 10:31) T~ey rest and sleep
to him. He wanted to have one but not in security, assured that God's eyes are
at his home, becaUSe his Jewish parents upon them, keeping watch over them.
would not appreciate it. The Witness vol- -1 Pet. 3:12.
qJ, MORE
a Christian? Are
there many ways?
~~~t«vef
the complete record
of Jesus Christ, the
Bible. Read it regu·
larly with The
Watcht'ower. One
year, only 8/6 (for
Australia, $1; for
South Africa, 70c).
Read
The Watchtower It promotes study of the Bible
SEPTEMBER 8, 1968
THE REASON POR THIS MAOA%INE
News sources that (If. obi. to keep you awoke to the vital illues of our times must
be unfettered by censorship and selfish interest•• "Awake'" has no fetters. It recogniz.s
facts, faces facts, is free to publish facts. It Is not bound by political tie.; it is unham-
pered by traditional creeds. This magazine keeps itself fr.e, that it may speak freely to
you, But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains inteGrity to truth.
The viewpoint of "Awake'" is not narrow, but Is international. "Awakel" has Its
own correspondents in scares of nations. Its articles are read in many lands, in many
languages, by millions of persons.
In every issue "Awake'" presenls vital topics on which you should b. informed. It
features penetrating articles on social conditions and offers sound counsel for me.ting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent passes in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the flelds of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward-discussions of religious issues alert you to matters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences and points of human interest are all embraced in its coverage. "Awake I" pro-
vides wholesome, instructive reading for every member of the family.
"Awakel" pledges itself to righteous principles, to exposing hidden foes and subtle
dangers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the establish-
ment of God's righteous new order in this generation.
Get acquainted with "Awakel" Keep awake by reading "Awakel"
,",-"-,"--,,-,,,
PuBLISHII:D SIMULTANII:OURLY IN THII: UNITItI> STATIil8 BY THII
WATCHTOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY OF NEW YORK, INC.
117 Adam<; Street Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201. U.S.A.
AND IN ENGLAND
WATCH TOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY
Watch Tower House. The RIdgeway London N.W. 7, England
N. H. KNo~~. Premdent GIANT SUITIIB, 86CTetllfjl
CONTENTS
The Standard for Religious Truth 3 Selecting Bread for Your Family 17
What You Can Do King·sized Clams 2.
When Tragedy Strikes 5 Belgium's New Bethel 21
Work for a Balanced Education 8 What Is Happening
Using "Awake!" In School 12 in Czechoslovakia? 23
Evolutionary Reasoning on "Your Word Is Truth"
Origin of Life 12 Oid Jesus Have
What Can Be Done Brothers and Sisters? 27
About "Hay Fever"? 13 Watching the World 29
"n is already the hour for you to awake."
-Ramanl 13:11
Work for a
1ID£lli£~(QJJ]jID) J]jID)'@(QJ£~ll@~
"1 AM sorry. I'm just
too busy to listen,"
By
"Awakel"
sure-fire method of pass-
ing school examinations
declared the young man as corr ••pondent and graduating with hon-
he momentarily raised his in Hong Kong ors, the student would have
eyes from his study books. been all ears. He is typical
He had been approached by a young of thousands here in Hong Kong, where
Christian minister with the Bible's mes- each year 50,000 youths graduate from
sage of hope for everlasting life in a righ- secondarY schools and invade the employ·
teous new order. ment market. Jobs are few in comparison
"I ask only two or three minutes," to the number seeking them, and so only
began the young minister in a friendly those with the highest qualifications are
manner. selected.
"Not even two or three minutes," came Parents count heavily on their child
the immediate reply. This time the student getting a good-paying job so as to supple-
did not bother even to raise his eyes from ment the meager family income. They
his textbook. urge their young people to aim for high
If the visitor- had claimed to have some scholastic records and diplomas, for these
8 AWAKE!
are viewed as the "open sesame" to well- Great Author himself, Jehovah God, iden-
paid employment. College education, a tifying him as the Source of life and wig..
degree and the "big money" are set dom alike. And just as a machine manu-
forth as the most desirable objectives. No facturer issues a handbook of instruction
wonder students become engrossed with on how to operate the machine so as to
schoolwork and reject any other educa- obtain the best results, so man's Creator
tional feature, no matter how valuable has provided in the Bible practical in-
it is! structions for man to follow if he would
Nor can it be claimed that this attitude enjoy maximum happiness in life.
is confined to young people in the Orient. Just think of it! Here is a book that
In Western lands, too, "higher education" specializes in the inculcation of good prin-
is held forth as a necessity, if one is to ciples, good morals, kindness, thoughtful-
achieve material success in life. And to a ness and consideration of others-all of
large extent that "higher education" is them essential acquirements if the student
based on memory training and a molding is to maintain good relations with others
of the minds of students to a pattern that in his everyday life. Is it not a fact that
is already outdated. There is a woeful lack good manners, loyalty, honesty and indus-
of moral instruction, and little time, if triousness are qualities highly valued by
any, devoted to improvement of one's re- employers? In the long rWl these count
lations with fellow creatures. far more than any degree or diploma, for
they reveal that the student has much
Need for Bible Education more than an excellent memory to recom-
Far from realizing the priceless value mend him.
of Bible education, the majority today
have been led to look upon Bible study as The Need for Some Secular Education
a waste of time. Yet, from the standpoint It is true that some secular education
of literature alone the :aible is to be com- is valuable. Think for a moment howes-
mended as an excellent textbook. Its nar- sential it is to be able to read well, with
ratives and argumentation are presented fluency and with an intelligent under-
with the utmost clarity. It stimulates standing of the material read. How satis-
thought and encourages the reader to fying, too, to be able to write neatly,
reason and to arrive at logical conclusions. transferring thoughts clearly and accu-
Said Goethe, the well-known German rately onto paper! How helpful, also, to be
poet: "The greater the intellectual prog- able to calculate and use figures for mea-
ress of the ages, the more fully will it be suring values in a material sense!
possible to employ the Bible not only as So education in the "three R's"-read-
the Foundation, but as the instrument of ing, writing and lrithmetic--can be of in-
education." And British novelist Dickens estimable value in adult life. In Hong
declared of the Bible: "It is the best book Kong one often hears the expression
that ever was or will be in the world, be- "M-sik-jee," which means that the person
cause it teaches you the best lessons by cannot read or write. When one observes
which any human creature who tries to the plight of the millions of such un-
be truthful and faithful can possibly be privileged ones in China, in India and in
guided." other partf; of the Far East, there is
Most important of all is the Bible's un- forcible reminder of the advantages of a
swerving theme that directs men to the basic education.
SEPTEMBER 8, 1968 9
But is it wise for young people to reach versity students-those who have been ex-
out for "higher education"? Is it neces- posed to "higher education"?
sary for a happy and satisfying life? It is Surely no ,one will claim that there is
good to ponder these questions, at the today, as a result of the widening oppor-
same time observing the effect of such tunities for "higher education," mote hon-
advanced education on others. esty among people in general! Is it not a
fact that when laws are made, the imme-
Fruits of "Higher Education" diate reaction is how to get around them?
Those who belong to the professional And who are the greatest offenders?
classes may be said to be fair samples of Surely it is those men with all of the ad-
the fruitage of "higher education." They vantages of "higher education" who un-
form a sort of aristocracy of learning. scrupulously use their talents to put over
Often they are proud, untouched by the their get-rich-quick schemes at the ex-
needs of less fortWlate people, opinionat- pense of the man in the street! So, is it
ed, competitive, independent and incon- not evident that sometllmg is sadly Jack-
siderate of others. They have deeply im- ing in their education?
bibed the godless theory of evolution. In Then, too, there is the worldwide moral
their view educated men, college and uni- breakdown, the lack of good manners and
versity trained, are the sole hope for of self-discipline. The idea that filthy and
progress. immoral sexual practices ate largely con-
Who, for example, have substituted for fined to the poverty-stricken and the ig-
the fine moral teaching of the Bible their norant can no longer be seriously enter-
human philosophies? Is it not the profes- tained. Indeed, it is young men and women
sional clergymen? And who are the ones in colleges and universities, whose parents
today that are insistent upon having their have insisted on giving them "higher edu-
own way and openly flouting the authori- cation," who today are notoriously taking
ty of God's Word in the matter of sacred- to narcotics, loose living and uncontrolled
ness of blood? Is it not the professional demonstrations against law and order.
doctors? Politicians, lawyers, educators, In the higher areas of schooling young
most of them without any real faith in women are taught to compete with men,
the existence of God, are they not the end to be their equal, to strive to get to the
products of "higher education"? top of the social ladder. Little wonder that
Despite the vaunted strides in scientific in later life they find it difficult to fill the
knowledge in almost every field, what role of being a good wife and mother.
progress have all these self-styled leaders Their once-possessed feminine quality of
among men made in the field of bringing submissiveness has all but disappeared.
men together in peace? In the face of the Retorted one Cbinese schoolgirl to the
material prosperity they have made avail- factual criticism of a schoolteacher: "Is
able to a larger segment of the population, it our fault that we are rude? The world
what real contentment have they pro- teaches us to be aggressive and it forces
duced? Are we not living in an era that us to struggle for everything. There are
has been appropriately dubbed "the age of no prizes for coming last in life's great
contention"? And who is it that figures race."
largely in violent demonstrations, protests Wherever we look aroWld the world the
and other activities, without legal re- same situation is evident. The past decade
straint? Is it not clergymen, teachers, uni- has witnessed more than just a downward
10 AW,kXE!
trend in morals. The deterioration has but he that does the will of God remains
been swift. In Hong Kong, Japan, Indo· forever."-l John 2:17.
nesia, the United States, France, Gennany
and other countries, dissatisfied and frus- Urgency of the Times
trated youths have taken to the streets, Admittedly, we are living in urgent
looting, rioting, burning and in some in- times. Norms or rules of conduct among
stances causing governments to topple. All men that were once accepted and honored
of this is the fruitage of modern "higher are now thrown to the winds. It seems as
education," education 'without proper bal· though everyone wants to be a law to him-
ance. self. Unity and peace seem impossible of
achievement. Anarchy threatens. Modern
The Essential of a Balanced Education "higher education" has failed to produce
It is easy to determine what is missing. stability, contentment,_ enduring happi-
The conclusion can be reached through ness. It has even failed to teach students
observing the contrast between those who how to improve relationships among them-
rely on "higher education" and those who selves. It is all head knowledge, without
have a balanced education. There are to- adequate appeal to the heart, so it fails
day thousands of YOW1g men and women to motivate people to do to others what
of different national backgrounds who they would like others to do to them.
deeply appreciate the essential element of Thus those who are seeking an educa-
a well-balanced training. Not only have tion today are faced with a vital decision.
they become proficient in reading and Will they choose "higher education" with
wr\ting and arithmetic, but with the Bible the aim of securing a prominent place in
as textbook they have learned the impor- a world that is soon to pass away or a
tance of being considerate of others, hon- balanced education in which the Bible
est, interdependent with those of the same takes its rightful place alongside required
faith, industrious, clean in habits and mor- secular education? Those who go in for
ais, and respectful of law and order. "higher education" will find their time
Perhaps you have talked to some of commandeered by all kinds of extra-
curricular activities of a social nature, so
these well-adjusted young people who
that little or no time will be available for
have called at your home, and have noted earnest Bible study. They will be rubbing
their evident sincerity and earnest desire shoulders with multitudes who have no
to share with you their bright hope for love or respect for the God who authored
mankind's future. Never do you find them the Bible. As Paul, the apostle of Jesus
running with the mob in angry protests Christ, warned: "Bad associations spoil
and demonstrations. Always they are law- useful habits."-l Cor. 15:33.
abiding, even in matters where the ma- Thousands of young witnesses of Jeho-
jority flout the law and get away with it. vah have already proved the value of a
Far above all the changeable laws among balanced education. Many of them have
men they know there are solid, lasting become, while still in youth, skillful
principles of righteousness, and they are preachers and teachers of God's Word.
determined to abide by them. They are Their knowledge of Bible principles
convinced of the truth of the declaration amazes those who enter into a discussion
of John, an apostle of Jesus Christ: "The with them. They have a sense of respon-
world is passing away and so is its desire, sibility and eagerly undertake obligations
SEPTEMBER 8, 1968 11
in the Christian organization and minis.. are not depending upon the empty and
try. They are not motivated by ambition broken promises of imperfect men. They
to become personally rich, powerful or are confidently looking to the God of the
famous. They exercise faith in the firm Bible to bring in the new system of things
promise made by Christ Jesus: "Keep on, that he has promised for the blessing of
then, seeking first the kingdom and his
all obedient ones of humankind. (2 Pet.
righteousness, and all these other things
3:13) They have done exactly what the
[the necessities of life] will be added to
you." (Matt 6:33) A balanced education Bible counsels, namely: "Trust in Jeho-
has brought them a stable mind, not easily vah with all your heart and do not lean
upset by the convulsions of a society that upon your own understanding. In all your
is passing away. ways take notice of him, and he himself
As to the future, those with a balanc~d will make your paths straight." (Prov. 3:
education can look to it with hope. They 5, 6) Will you do so?
• The varied subjects covered in Awake! make it useful in many ways. Quite
often we hear that youngsters in school use it as a reference work when preparing
essays and reports for class. By using the Index for the Watch Tower publlcatlons
they are able to locate articles dealing with the subject they are assigned. Then
statistics and ideas can be obtained, just as they might locate information in an
encyclopedia. lllustrating this use of Awake! Is the follOWing letter We received:
"Dear Brothers,
"I am eleven years old and will be in the sixth grade next year. Our school
entered an essay contest being held in Butler County. TIle theme of the essay was
'How Are Animals Like People?' I won second prize of $5.00.
"I am sending this money to you to show my appreciation in helping me win it.
ID my essay I used the Awake! magazine. I know the money will be used in the
best possible way, to further the preaching work.
"Agape love,
"p.C."
26 AWAKE!
Mary~s "only" son, rather than her ((first-
born son."-Luke 2: 7.
4 That Mary actually did bear other
IdidTprofessed.
IS the common belief of millions of
Christians that Jesus Christ
not have any fleshly brothers and sis·
sus' brothers and sisters are linked in this
text with Jesus' own mother and foster
father reveals that they do not refer to
ters. -They believe that Mary, the mother spiritual brothers and sisters, but, rather,
of Jesus, was "ever virgin," Teaching this had a close fleshly tie with Jesus.
view is The Catholic Encyclopedia (Vol. II That these "brethren" and "sisters"
15, p. 466), which states that Mary was were not spiritual brothers and sisters of
a virgin before and during the time she Jesus is also made clear when the Bible
gave birth to Jesus, as well as ever after. says: Jesus "went down to Capharnaum,
Is this true that Mary had no other chi!· he and his mother, and his brethren, and
dren besides Jesus? his disciples." (John 2:12, Dy) A clear
~ The Bible makes unmistakably clear distinction is here drawn between Jesus'
that Mary was a virgin at the time she "brethren," and his spiritual brothers or
conceived and gave birth to Jesus. It ex- "disciples." In fact, during Jesus' earthly
plains that Jesus was miraculously con- ministry, the Bible says: "Neither did his
ceived by the power of the Most High. brethren believe in him." (John 7:5, Dy)
(Luke 1:34, 35) Jesus was thus the Son These "brethren" must refer to his fleshly
of God; Joseph was only his foster father. brothers, for it certainly could not be said
But did Joseph later have relations with that his disciples did not believe in Jesus!
his wife Mary, and were children born to Only later did his fleshly brothers put
them, these thus becoming fleshly half faith in him.-1 Cor. 9:5; Gal. 1:19.
brothers and half sisters of Jesus? & Nor can it be argued, as some try to
3 The Bible indicates this. Why not 10-- do, that these "brethren" of Jesus were
cate your Bible and turn in it to Matthew mere cousins of his. Another Greek word
chapter one and verse twenty-five. If is used to identify this relationship. Thus,
yours is the Catholic Douay Version you the Bible says regarding Mary and Eliza-
will notice that it reads: "And he [Jo- beth, who were cousins: "Behold thy cous-
seph] knew her not till she brought forth in [syg.ge.n~'] Elizabeth." (Luke 1:36,
her firstborn son: and he called his name Dy) This Greek word syg.ge.nes' occurs
JESUS." Clearly the implication here is some twelve times in the Christian Greek
that Joseph did "know" Mary, that is, Scriptures and is used to denote relatives
have relations with her, after she gave who are not as close as one's own family.
birth to Jesus. And, too, if Mary really Thus notice how the Bible distinguishes
did not bear other, children, surely the between brothers and "kinsmen," such as
Gospel writers would have tenned Jesus cousins: "You shall be betrayed by your
SEPTEMBER 8, 1968 27
parents and brethren [a.del.ph6s'] , and her ..husband and not at all notice that
kinsmen [syg.ge.nW] andfriends."-Luke Jesus was not with her? On the other
21:16, Dy. hand, with such a flock of children, four
7 Another incident recorded in the Bi~ sons and perhaps as many daughters by
ble also shows that Jesus' "brethren" do that time, and perhaps one even an in-
not refer merely to his cousins. We read: fant in arms, she certainly would have her
"As he [Jesus] was yet speaking to the hands so full in caring for these that she
multitudes, behold his mother and his would not have missed Jesus until the
brethren stood without, seeking to speak end of the first day.
to him. And one said to him: Behold thy v So we see that all the Scriptural evi~
mother and thy brethren stand without, dence combines to show that Jesus did in~
seeking thee. But he answering him that deed have fleshly brothers and sisters.
told him, said: Who is my mother, and This means, then, that Mary was not ever
who are my brethren? And stretching virgin. Although she was greatly blessed
forth his hand towards his disciples, he with the privilege of giving birth to God's
said: Behold my mother and my brethren. Son, the Bible does not elevate her as one
For whosoever shall do the will of my to whom we are to give glory. In fact,
Father, that is in heaven, he is my broth~ Jesus himself corrected those who were
er, and sister, and mother." (Matt. -12: inclined to adore her. (Luke 11:27, 28)
46~50, Dy) This contrast given by Jesus, He showed clearly that we are to give
showing that the spiritual relationship is glory and worship to Jehovah God alone.
stronger and more important than the (Matt. 4:10) Some of these thoughts from
natural relationship, proves that these the Bible may be new to you. In fact, they
brothers were not cousins. For if they had may come as quite a surprise. But a sin.
been, then Jesus' statement to his disciples cere desire to p1ease God will aid you to
must also mean, 'Whosoever shall -do the
make your mind over in harmony with
will of my Father, that is in heaven, he
is my cousin.' Yet it is well known that his inspired Word.-Rom. 12:2.
JesUB taught that he and his disciples were
spiritual brothers, not cousins.
Can you answer these questions? For answers,
8 That Mary had other children besides
read the article above.
Jesus Is also indicated by an incident that (1) Does the Catholic church teach that Jesus
occurred when Jesus was twelve years old. mother Mary had other children? (2) Was Mar)
As was their custom, Joseph and Mary a virgin at the time of Jesus' birth? Who wa~
went to Jerusalem to the Passover feast, Jesus' father? (3) How does the Bible imply
taking Jesus with them. However, "when that Mary was not forever virgin, and that she
they returned, the child Jesus remained in did have other children? (4) What Bible ac.
count shows specifically that Mary had other
Jerusalem; and his parents knew it not. childreri? (51 What proves that the "brethren"
And thinking that he was in the company, and "sisters" mentioned at Matthew 13:54·56
they came a day's journey. and sought were not spiritual brothers and sisters of Jesus?
him among their kinsfolks and acquaint~ 16) What proof is there that "brethren" does
not really refer to cousins of Jesus? 171 Why is
ance. And not finding him, they returned it apparent that Jesus' "brethren" mentioned at
into Jerusalem, seeking him." (Luke 2: Matthew 1 2 :46·50 could not refer to his cous·
42·45, Dy) Now consider: If Jesus had ins? (SI What occurred when Jesus was twelve
years old that serves to verify that he had
been Mary's only child, could we imagine brothers and :Pisters? (9) Is worship of Mary
that she would have left Jerusalem with pleasing to God?
AWAKE!
willed and procured abortion,
even if for therapeutic reasons,
are to be absolutely excluded
as licit means of regulating
birth. . . . Similarly excluded
is every action which, either
in anticipation of the conjugal
act or in its accomplishment,
or in the development of its
natural consequences, pro-
poses, whether as an end or
as a means, to render procre·
ation impossible."
'*
Dissent Widespread
Many Roman Catholic lead-
ers openly denounced the
pope's ban on birth control. On
July 30, the day after the en·
cyclical was made public, 87
'*
How Did HItler Die!
It was generally believed
that Hitler shot himself when
500 years of dormancy by
blowing half its cone into the
air and spewing out flaming
Roman Ca tholic theologians
asserted in a statement that
the Allies invaded Berlin in gas. Everything was scorched catholics were not bound by
1945. But now, twenty·three in an area 3~ m1les wide by the pope's prohibition on birth
years later, Soviet sources 12i miles long. Rocks as large control. Endorsing this state-
have disclosed details of the as a yard in diameter were ment later was Bernard Har-
autopsy and other medical reo hurled 30 miles. More than a ing of the Academia Alfon-
ports that reveal that Hitler hundred persons and 300,000 siana in Rome, described as
took cyanide poisoning. Stalin cattle were killed by the hot "the foremost world authority
had suppressed all reports of gases and lava. The volcano in Catholic moral theology," as
the evidence, although his rea· had been thought to be extinct. well as many other prominent
son for doing so is uncertain. ChUrch officials. However,
It is suggested that he may Kenya. Bans TV Violence among those strongly support-
have intended to use the evi- .. After experiencing an in· ing the position of the pope
dence should someone try to crease in crime, the African was the Catholic magazine
masquerade as Hitler. How· country of Kenya has banned Triumph, whose editor stated:
ever, following the disclosure television programs of via· "Those priests who refuse to
Hitler's valet, Heinz Linge, lence. Included in programs accept, and faithfully carry out
maintained that Hitler did banned from TV screens in in their pastoral capacity, Pope
shoot himself. Kenya are "Bonanza" and the Paul's encyclical on bIrth eM·
British series ''The Saint." trol should leave the church_"
He added: "Any person who
'*
Severe Eaxthquakes
On August 2 two large cities
were shaken violently by rna· '*
Ban on Birth Control
On July 29 the Vatican
refuses submission to an au-
thoritative teaching by the suo
jar earthquakes wIthin 17 made public the· encyclical "Of preme Pontiff on faith or mor·
hours, although seismologists HUman Life" In which Pope als is a schismatic." Serious
doubted that there was any Paul VI officially reaffirms the conflict presently is rending the
relation between the two. In Catholic Church's ban on artl· Roman Catholic ChUrch over
both Manila and Mexico City ficial means of birth control this and other issues.
scores of buildings were dam- for Catholics. The only means
aged, and in Manila a five·
story apartment building col·
lapsed, burying hundreds of
persons in the debris. Over
of birth control permitted by
the Church is the rltythm meth·
od, which limits sex relations
'*
mgh-ranking Priests Marry
On July 12 EdWard J_
Sponga, one of the top-ranking
200 persons have been con· to what are calculated to be Jesuits in America, was mar·
firmed dead there with scores the infertile periods of the ried to a divorcee with three
missing, and three were reo woman's menstrual cycle. The children. A few days later the
ported killed in MexiCO City. official document states: "We marriage was disclosed, and
must once again declare that Sponga resigned his post as
'*
Volcano Erupts In Costa Rica
Late in July, 5,249·foot·high
Mount Arenal ended nearly
the direct interruption of the
generative process already be·
gun, and, above all, directly
head of the BOO·member Mary-
land Province of the Society of
Jesus. This marked one of the
SEPTEMBER 8, 1968 29
most notable departures from blood plasma be "discouraged minion Bureau of Statistics
the Church in the United and even discontinued." The regiaters the addition of one
States, and Roman Catholic United States government has new Canadian. The clock oper·
leaders registered widespread responded by asking proces· ates according to the bureau's
dismay. But then, a few days sors of blood plasma to stop calculations of birth, immlgra·
later, it was revealed that shipping it in interstate com- tion, death and emigration
Joseph F. Mulligan, former merce. Studies have revealed rates. In July Canada's popu·
dean of Fordham University's that 1 patient in 10 who re- lation passed the 20.8 milllon
graduate school, had asked to ceives a whole pooled blood mark.
be released from vows as a transfUsion gets the serious
Jesuit priest so that he could virus disease hepatitis. Television Violence
marry. In 1966 and 1967 sev_ .. Violence on the streetl is
eral hundred priests in the Student DemoDstratlollS matched by the violence chan·
United States are reported to .. On July 29 Mexico City neled into the living room via
have left the Church for the appeared as if it were under TV, a survey by The Ohmtian
same reason. siege. Students had gone on a Science Monitor confirmed. The
rampage, seizing buses, smash. most violent evening hours,
World Counell of ing shop windows, disrupting the survey found, are between
ChurcJr.es Meets downtown trafflc and even 7:30 and 9, a time children are
.. On July 19 the Fourth As· threatening the National Pal- likely to be watching TV. ''In
sembly of the World Counell ace. And when riot policemen those early'evening hours, vio·
of Churches concluded its 16 could not handle the situation, lent incidents occurred on an
days of meetings in Uppsala, paratroopers and infantry were average of once every 16.3
Sweden. This world church called in. The l'Itudents were minutes. After 9 P ,M., violence
body has 237 Ulember denomi· demonstrating against the tapered ott quickly, with inci·
nations, representing most strong measures of pollee and dents occurring once every 35
major Protestant and Eastern military units in curbing stu· minutes," the paper said. "In
Orthodox churches throughout dent disorders. the early evening, there was
the world. A feature of the as· a murder or killing once every
sembly was a virtual invita· A New Queen 31 minutes." Is it any wonder
tion to the Roman Catholic .. The famous Queen Mary is youngsters practice what they
Church to seek membership now a museum piece in a Cali· see so often on television?
in the World Council. Private· fornia port and the equally
Iy both Catholic and Protes· famous Queen Elizabeth is due Cro88e8 wt Ramrods
tant observers said they fully to retire simllarly at the end .. Jesus Christ taught love,
expect Catholic membership of the year. However, a new kindness and forgiveness. But
by the next assembly. The Queen, the Queen Elizabeth 2, today some church ministers
CounCil holds world assemblies is nearly ready for launching. advocate violence and breaking
about every six or seven years. It is a 963·foot ocean liner that the law. In West Berlin a seg·
can carry 2,025 passengers. ment of a student riot was led
Violence in Cleveland "We will no longer be selling by a Protestant minister carry·
.. On the night of July 23 vIa· just transportation," explained lng a wooden cross. The clergy·
lence erupted in Clev'eland C. N. Anderson, the preSident man also advised the young
when five men opened fire on
a passing police task force car. of Cunard's North American men to carry wooden crosses
Before it was over, 10 persons company. "We are going to when they marched. This was
were shot dead, including three market holidays and a way of not to indicate that Christ was
policemen, and 15 were wound· life. The fine Queens of the with them, but rather the
ed by gunfire. 1n an unusual past were tailor·made and crosses were to be used as
move, Mayor Carl B. Stokes maxlskirt. The new one will "ramming blocks" when they
the following day ordered all be miniskirt." It will have ran into the pollee. Is thIs
~ational Guard troops and twelve decks, nine bars, four 'Christianity?
white policemen out of the swimming pools, two of them
area, and placed the predom· on open decks, shops, banks, A New Low
inately Negro neighborhood beauty salons, laundrief!, a hos· .. On July 20 atop the 12,000·
under the control of 125 Negro pital, a newspaper and more foot·high United States Plateau
policemen. outdoor space than any liner Station in Antarctica a record
afloat. low of 122 degrees below zero
Shipment of PlaBma. Curta.Ued was registered. This was near·
.. In April the National Re- Canada's Population. Growth ly 200 degrees colder than the
search Council recommended .. Every 82 seconds the "popu· low of 75 above zero whIch oc·
that the use of whole pooled lation Clock" at Canada's Do· curred that same day in New
:10 AWAKE!
York City! The previous Ant· pIe that serves as a rat sanc- York went into holding pat.
arctica low was 121 below. tuary. Here rats are considered terns over Jacksonville, Flori-
holy. Even though l;leople may da. And even the first com-
Clbanee of Being Arrested starve for laek o.! food, the mercial Soviet jetliner to fly
., What is the chance that a rats are fed an average daily from Moscow to New York, on
ten·year-old American boy will ration ot 250 pounds ot food· July 15, had to circle for an
be arrested for a nontraffic of· grains-more than $8,250 hour and 35 minutes before
fense sometime in his life? worth a year. A reporter visit· receiving clearance to land.
According to Dr. Altred Blum· ing the temple said that he
stein, executive secretary of was warned by an elderly Fight 10 Church
President Johnson's crime com· priest: "If you should kill a • Things got really rough in
mission, there is a 50.50 chance rat here, you will be required a Baptist church, according
of this happening. And if the to present the temple with a to a UPI press dispatch from
boy lives in the city, he said, statue of a rat cast in gold or Blytheville, Arkansas. A dea·
there is a 6().pereent chance of the equivalent in cash." con tried to get the attention
eventual arrest. Blumstein of the minister, who apparent-
made these projections at a Overcrowded Sidell ly had no Intention of recog-
panel discussion on crime be- ., Highways and streets are nizing him. "That ignited an
fore the International Plat- unbelievably congested around argument between the pastor
form Association, an organiza- many major elties, but/the and some other men," the
tion of professional lecturers. skies are fast becoming equally deacon later reported In 'court.
"That's the direction in which as crowded. In a recent day Women started arguing and
we are going," he said regard· the New York area handled "got into a little hair·pulling
ing the skyrocketing crime 5,900 inbound and outbound combat in the vestibule _ . .
rate. flights. This' heavy traffic that sparked a fight between
means, oftentimes, spending some men." The wife of one
Where Bats Are Holy several hours in "holding pat- at the deacons insisted: "We're
• In the town of Deshnoukh, terns" before receiving permis. law abiding citizens. We're
on the great desert of western slon to land. Recently planes Christians." But is that Chris·
India, there is an ancient tem- coming up from Miami to New tian conduct?
.--. __
WATCH TOWER
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32 AWAKE!
Why the Epidemic of Venereal Diseases?
PAGE :3
CONTENTS
Why the Epidemic of Venereal Diseases? 3 The Exciting Life of a
Traveling Minister 21
Seals-Fascinating and Useful 8
The Calendar from Early Times 12 The Cook's Four Golden Essentials 21
Churches Approve of Violence 25
Your Remarkably Designed Stomach
Cleaning Out the Images ,.
15
"Your Word Is Truth"
From Family to Nation in
Canada Impounds Her Waters 17 About 200 years 27
Presto Communication 20 Watching the World 29
"h is already the hour for you fo awake."
_lIoma ... 13:11
tain symptoms that might be manifested usually covered with a white or yellowish
by the disease, he cannot be certain with- substance. The patches are very infec-
out going to a physician and submitting tious, In some caseS the hair of the per-
to special tests. son will fall out in spots, giving his scalp
What deceives many victims of syphilis a moth-eaten appearance.
is the fact that the initial symptoms usu- If a man gets gonorrhea the first symp-
ally disappear, and they conclude that tom is usualJy very noticeable. He wiU
they are well until several years or pos- have a burning pain when he passes wa-
sibly ten or twenty years have elapsed. ter. This comes a few days after he is
Then they are hit hard by the very seri- infected. He may then notice a discharge
ous, late complications. To I1revent these of pus from the. male <H'gan. In a w{'..illan,
complications it is important to have the however, these symptoms are not as no-
SBPTEMBER 22, 19fiR 5
ticeable. In fact, women rarely have a tions. A person who is promiscuous is al-
burning sensation when passing water at· most certain to get such a disease even-
ter they have been infected, and any pus tually, and then he passes his infection on
often goes unnoticed. As a result many in- to others. They, in turn, pass it on to still
fected women are not aware that they others. One chain of infection traced by
have gonorrhea until it has done serious health authorities that spread from one
damage to their body. Lacking a wholly person eventually involved 211 persons,
dependable means for testing women for 100 of whom were teen-agers.
this disease, a physician usually treats Because the microscopic organisms that
every wo.man exposed to it cause venereal diseases die in a few sec-
onds when exposed to the air, there is lit·
Treatment tIe likelihood of a person's getting either
Anyone who has reason to suspect that syphilis or gonorrhea from toilet seats,
he has been infected with a venereal dis- door handles, drinking cups or eating
ease should seek treatment from a physi· utensils. Of course, if a person were to
cian at once. Early treatment can cure bring an open cut in his hand into con-
him and prevent severe damage. His cure, tact with a syphilitic sore or with a towel
however, does not mean he wil1 be im- that had fresh gonorrheal pus on it, he
mWle to reinfection. could get a venereal disease, as that wQuld
Before Doctor John F. Mahoney an· give the microscopic organisms direct en·
nounced that he had successfully treated try into his body. He might also get it
syphilis with penicillin in 1943, treatment from a blood transfusion or from kissing
was a prolonged affair of a great many a woman who has syphilitic sores in her
injections of arsenic and bismuth. But mouth. The typical syphilitic pimple
penicillin has been more effective, often- would then most likely make its appear-
times curing a person with a single in· ance on one .of his lips. Although these are
jection. possible ways of getting syphilis, the
Resistance to penicillin by hundreds of vast majority of cases are acquired
strains of gonococcus is now causing great through sex relations.
concern. The normal dose that cured gon- Since gonorrhea and most syphilitic in-
orrhea following World War IT was a sin- fections are passed from one person to an-
gle shot of 600,000 units of penicillin. Now
other by sex relations, the sensual love
a dose several times that amount is nec-
essary. Just this year a college student of an infected person can 'be regarded,
contracted a case of gonorrhea that re- not only as dangerous, but as the embrace
sisted a penicillin injection of 4.8 million of death. The infection passed on to others
units. He had to take similar injections can eventually kill them.
for three days in a row to destroy the Consider the damage that a promiscu-
infection. Resistance is also being mani- ous boy can do to a young girl by giving
fested to tetracycline and streptomycin, her gonorrhea. It is unlikely that she will
other drugs used in fighting venereal dis· at that time realize that she has been
eases. infected, and it may be that the disease
will damage her reproductive organs so
How They Spread severely before she does learn of the in-
A venereal disease is passed from one fection that she will be deprived of hav-
person to another primarily by sex rela· ing children. What a penalty for a young
6 AWAKE!
girl to pay for a brief moment of sexual ing its former stigma in the world in
love with a promiscuous boy! general and is on the increase.
On the other hand think what a girl Commenting on this change, a pam-
can do to a boy by passing a venereal dis- phlet on venereal diseases published by the
ease on to him. If he fails to seek treat- Public Affairs Committee had this to say
ment he may eventually become blind, about changing morals in the United
crippled or insane. It may even kill him, States: "The revolution in sex attitudes
and she would share the responsibility. It of the past twenty years and the excessive
is with good reason, therefore, that the sex emphasis in our mass media have done
Bible warns a young man to stay away their share in aggravating the venereal
from an immoral woman. If he chases af- disease problem in our country." Another
ter her, it warns, his 1iver will be dam- factor is the failure of religious leaders
aged as if struck by an arrow. It goes on to take a strong stand for good moral
to say: "May your heart not tUrn aside standards. A medical magazine, The Prac-
to her ways. Do not wander into her road·· titioner, of October 1967, had this to say
ways. For many are the ones she has about such poor leadership in England:
caused to fall down slain, and all those "The publication of the British Council of
being killed by her are numerous."-Prov.
Churches' 'Sex and Morality' (1966) was
7,21-27.
a disappOintment to those who had looked
Male homosexuals are also dangerous
to the Churches to give a firm lead against
carriers of venereal diseases and can kill
others by means of them. Usually being promiscuous behaviour both before and
after marriage."
more promiscuous than immoral hetero--
sexuals, they are more active spreaders pointing out that immoral people re·
of these diseases. The best way a young ceive in themselves the recompense for
man can protect himself from being in- their loose conduct, the Bible states:
fected by the spreaders is to stay away "Therefore God, in keeping with the de-
from them. sires of their hearts, gave them up to un·
cleanness, that their bodies might be dis·
Why the Epidemic? honored among them, . . . and likewise
There are several reasons why venereal even the males left the natural use of the
diseases have reached epidemic propor- female and became violently inflamed in
tions. Among teen·agers there is a great their lust toward one another, males. with
amount of ignorance about the dangel'S males, working what is obscene and re-
of these diseases, and among many adults ceiving in themselves the full recompense,
there is indifference to them because of which was due for their error." (Rom.
overconfidence in penicillin. AL<;o, people 1:24·27) Venereal diseases can certainly
feel they can be sexually freer now that be included in that "full recompense."
the contraceptive pill removes fear of un· The Bible has fine moral laws that can
wanted pregnancies. The principal reason, protect a person from venereal diseases if
however, is the marked change in moral he obeys them. It forbids fornication,
attitudes that has occurred in recent adultery and homosexual acts, all of which
years. Premarital and extramarital sex re- are responsible for the spread of these
lations are viewed more tolemntly by fu~ f"rightful d\seasl':'6. 'the person who obeys
general public. Even homosexuality is los· its command to have sexual relations with
SEPTEMBER 22, 1968 7
no one but his or her own marriage mate Those individuals who make this change
is in little danger of getting any of them. will wisely heed the Scriptural admoni-
-Provo 5:15~20. tion: "Deaden, therefore, your body mem~
The only sure way of stamping out ve~ bel's that are upon the earth as respects
nereal diseases is to change the thinking fornication, uncleanness, sexual appetite,
of the people from that of indifference to hurtful desire . . . Strip off the old per~
that of obedience to Biblical moral laws. sonality with its practices."----Col. 3:5, 9.
CALENDAR today is a common day into hours, on the other hand, are
A household item throughout most of arbitrary ones.
the world. In fact, so common are calen-
dars that most people take them for Early Calendars
granted. Housewives hang them on kitch- The earliest calendars were based on
en and living-room walls. Businessmen the cycles of the moon. On the average,
have calendar pads on their office desks each cycle or lunation, from one new moon
to keep track of business activities. They to the next new moon, takes 29 days, 12
also carry smail calendars with them in hours, 44 minutes and 2.78 seconds. The
their wallets. months were usually cOlUlted as of either
But even the first man on earth had 29 or 30 days, but in the Bible record
some form of calendar. Almighty God the term "month," when used generally,
means 30 days.-Compare Deuteronomy
himself provided him a basis for measl1t'-
21:13; 34:8; also Revelation 11:2, 3.
ing time by creating the sun and moon,
which might serve for "seasons and for However, a year of twelve lunar months
is about 354~ days, or a little less than
days and years." (Gen. 1:14) The day, the 11 days shorter than a solar year, which
year, and the month are thus natural di- is 365} days. (A solar year is the time
visions of time, governed respectively by that the earth takes to make a com-
the daily turning of the earth on its axis, plete trip around the sun.) Thus, if a
by its annual orbit around the sun, and year of twelve lUnar months began with
by the monthly phases of the moon in its the vernal equinox on March 21, the next
relation to earth and sun. The division of year would begin 11 days before the
time into weeks and the divjsion of the equinox, or on March 10. And six years
12 AWAKE!
later, the year would begin early in Janu· postexilic times, Veadar. So the Hebrew
ary. So if the calendar was to be of use calendar keepers apparently added an ex·
to agricultural people to determine when tra month whenever they found that the
to plant and harvest their crops, some· grain was not ripening in the proper
thing had to be done to correct this month.
situation.
First Standardized Calendar
Calendar Adjustment In written history we do not find record
Since the solar year determines the re· of a definitely fixed or standardized form
tUrn of the seasons, there was need to· of Jewish calendar until about 359 C.E.
adjust the calendar to this solar year, and At that time it was specified that a thir·
this resulted in what are called "lunisolal''' teenth month should be added seven
or "bound solar" years; that is, years in years in every nineteen years. The extra
which the months were lunar but the month was added in the 3rd, 6th, 8th,
years were solar. This was done by adding 11th, 14th, 17th and 19th years.
the eleven days to each year, or by the Such a ninet.een.year cycle is common·
addition of an extra month every few ly called the Metonic cycle, after the
years. This would compensate for the Greek mathematician Meton (of the fifth
shortness of the year of twelve lunar century B.C.E.) , although there is also
months. evidence that such a cycle was used be·
The Israelites used such a lunisolar or fore him by the Babylonians. This cycle
bound solm' calendar. This is evident from takes into account that every nineteen
the fact that Jehovah God established the years the new and full moons fall again
beginning of their sacred year with the on the same days of the solar year.
month Abib in the spring and specified the
celebration of certain festivals on fixed The Months of the Year
dates, festivals that were related to har- The Jewish months ran from new moon
vest seasons. For these dates to have co· to new moon. (Isa. 66:23) Thus, one
lncided with the particular-harvests, there Hebrew word (hho' dhesh) , rendered
had to be a calendar arrangement that "month" or "new moon," comes from a
would synchronize with the seasons by root meaning "new," while the other
compensating for the difference between principal word for month (ye'rahh) is
the lunar and solar years,-Ex. 12:1·14; derived from a word meaning "moon."
23:15, 16; Lev. 23:4·16. Official notification of the new month's
ThE' Bible does not indicate what meth· beginning was made by the sounding of
od was originally used to determine when trumpets over burnt offerings and com-
additional days, or an additional or inter· munion sacrifices, and in later periods fire
calary month, should be inserted. It is signals were used or messengers were dis·
logical, however, that either the vernal 01' patched to advise the people throughout
t.he autumnal equinox served as a guide the land.-Num. 10:10.
to indicate when the seasons were falling In the Bible the individual months are
b",hind sufficiently to require calendar ad· usually designated simply by nwnbering
justment. Though not specifically men· according to their position in the year,
tioned in the Bible, a thirteenth month from the first through the twelfth. Only
that was added by the Israelites to ac· four months are named prior to the exile
complish t.his adjustment was called, in in Babylon, namely, Abib, the first month;
SEPTEMBER 22, 1968 13
Ziv, the second; Ethanim, the seventh; various festival seasons show that the
and Bul, the eighth. (Ex. 13:4; 1 Ki. 6: Jewish calendar continued to be observed
1, 37, 38; 8:2) The meanings of these by the Jews during the time of Jesus and
names are strictly seasonal, thus giving the apostles. These festival seasons serve
additional proof of a lunisolar year. as a guide to locating events on the stream
In postexilic times, the names of the of time in that day.
months used in Babylon were employed It should be noted that Christians, un-
by the Israelites and seven of these are der the new covenant, are not governed
mentioned in the Bible. The names of the by the Mosaic Law specifying certain holy
remaining five months appear in the Jew~ days or festivals, a point that is clearly
ish Talmud and other works. stated by the apostle Paul at Galatians
4:9-11 and Colossians 2:16, 17. The one
The Sacred and a Secular Calendar event that they are required to observe
At the time of the Jews' exodus from annually is the Lord's evening meal, and
Egypt in 1513 B.C.E. God decreed that this must occur at Passover time of the
the sacred year of his people should start Jewish religious calendar.-Matt. 26:26-
in the spring with the month Abib (or 29; 1 Cor. 11:23-26.
Nisan). (Ex. 12:2; 13:4) However, prior
to this the Bible record indicates that the The Julian and Gregorian Calendars
Jews had counted the year as running The early Romans had difficulty keep-
from fall to fall. God gave recognition to ing their calendar adjusted to the seasons.
this arrangement so that, in effect, there In fact, says Science Digest, January
was a dual system of a sacred calendar 1959, "by the time of Julius Caesar, the
and a secular calendar used by his people. Roman calendar was in such a mess that
(Ex. 23:16; 34:22; Lev. 23:34; Deut. 16: January was occurring in the part of the
13) In postexilic times, Tishri 1, in the year normally called October."
last half of the year, marked the begin- Therefore, in the year 46 B.C.E., the
ning of the secular year and the Jewish 708th year from the traditional date of the
New Year, and Rosh Hashanah (Hebrew, founding of the city of Rome, Julius Cae-
''head of the year") is still celebrated on sar issued a decree changing the Roman
that date. calendar from a lunar to a solar year.
In 1908 the only approximation of an This Julian calendar, based on the calcu-
ancient written Hebrew calendar was lations of the Greek astronomer Sosig-
found at the site of Gezer and it is be- enes, had twelve months of arbitrary
lieved to be from the tenth century B.CE. length. According to it, a regular year
It is an agricultural calendar and de- consisted of 365 days. But in order to
scribes agricultural activity beginning compensate for the fact that a solar year
with the autumn. In brief, it describes two is actually about 365! days, the Julian
months each of storage, sowing, and calendar also brought in the use of leap
spring growth, followed by one month years, providing for the addition of an
each of pulling fiax, barley harvest, and extra day every four years. Thus the Ju-
a general harvest, then two months of lian calendar provided for a year of ap-
pruning the vines, and finally one month proximately 365! days.
of summer fruit.-Lev. 26:5. However, there was a significant error
The frequent references in the Gospel in the Julian calendar. For it was a little
accounts and the Book of Acts to the more than eleven minutes and fourteen
14 AWAKE!
seconds longer than the true solar year. American Colonies, did not change until
Thus, by the sixteenth century a discrep- 1752. Russia did not adopt the Gregorian
ancy of ten full days had accumulated. calendar until 1918 and Turkey not until
In other words, by the time Columbus set 1927. When the United States purchased
sail on his voyages of discovery, the Ju- Alaska from Russia in 1867, eleven days
lian calendar was wrong by nearly ten had to be dropped because the old Julian
days. calendar was still in use in Alaska.
To correct the error of the Julian cal-
endar the Gregorian calendar was intro- Other Calendars
duced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582. Ac- Interestingly, in the western hemi-
I
tually it only slightly revised the Julian sphere an ancient calendar was developed
calendar. It retained the leap year every centuries before our Common Era and
fourth year. And to correct the yearly used by both the Mayan and Aztec In-
error of some eleven minutes and four- dians of Mexico and Central America. It
teen seconds, it provided that those cen- was an astronomical calendar and, as re-
tury years with a number divisible by gards the length of the solar year, was
400, such as 1600 and 2000, should be leap slightly more accurate than the present
years, with an extra day being added to Gregorian calendar.
the month of February; whereas other Today, many nations use only the Gre-
century years, such as 1700, 1800 and gorian calendar, but other countries use
1900, would not be leap years. Thus, the two or more calendars. In India many
average Gregorian calendar year is now calendars are in use. The Gregorian calen-
only twenty-six seconds longer than the dar is issued for official purposes. But as
solar year. And it will thus take thousands many as 17 different calendars are used
of years for the error to equal one day. for religious purposes.
Also, in order to correct the discrep- Whereas Christians today customarily
ancy of ten full days that had accumu- use the calendar in effect in their particu-
lated because of the error of the Julian lar land, they are aware that Jehovah God
calendar, ten days were ordered to be has his own calendar of events not gov-
omitted in ]582. Thus the day after Oc- erned by human systems of reckoning.
tober 4 became October 15. This seems (Dan. 2:21, 22) However, in his Word he
a simple way to make the correction, but does helpfully relate his actions and pur-
when it was announced, there were riots poses to human measurements of time,
throughout Europe. Some nations accept- thereby allowing man to learn where he
ed the change immediately. England and stands in relation to God's grand calendar
her possessions, including the thirteen of events,
I
her daughter who is studying with Jehovah's "Her consciem:e bother{'d her so that she
witnesses. When I called I found the woman attended church only once a day. She tried to
was sel'-enty-four yeat's old. She was happy to justify it, but I pointed to Revelation 18:4
see me, since I CQuid speak her language, and the ne!;'d to :separate oneseif. Gradually
and immediately she invited me in. She had she was getting the points, and when she said
carefully read the Pa.rudise book. she> was confused, 1 WQuid tell her to pray to
"She Uved next door to the Catholic church, Jehovah through Jesus and help would come.
having moved ther(' fol' the convenience of "She then visited the Kingdom Hall and shf'
attending church, which she did three times was shocked to see no statues, no kneeling
every day. Her kitchen table was cluttered down, and so forth. 'Oh my,' she cried, 'this
with pictures of saints, with ftowers in front cannot be right!' She :said shl' would never,
ot them and candles burning. GJancing jnto never go there again. I ask(>{} her if Wl'slwlIJd
the bedroom, 1 noticed that statues ot saints continue studying. 'Oh, Yl'S,' she answered,
wer-e all over. 1 thought, 'Jehovah, how am 'yuu cannot Jeavt' mt' now. 1 do not expect
1 going to cut through all this?' and 1 prayed anything from the Cathulic chun'h now. I'll
silently for him to show m(' how 1 ('QuId help go only on Sundays.'
Utis lady, for she was so siLlcere, The woman "I knew that the Watchtower and Awake!
spoke freely, saying: 'This fParadise] book magazines would help her furthf'f tu under·
cannot be right in what it says about idols, stand God's will and, sure enough, they WI;'n"
souls and death because 1 have read the Bible the sI)iritual met:lication sh!;' net'"ded. One day
all my life and I uiJderstand it. You must be when I came, all the pic-tures of th.e false
the false prophets Jesus said would come in religious saints on the table wpre gone. She
the last days, because, if you are not, who is?' asked me if I nnti('{'d anything. 1 said that 1
"I simply replied: 'Wf"U, by all this evidence noticed all the I)ictures were gonf'. She cried
1 set' that you are an intelligent person. You and cried, saying, 'False prophets are all tht'
haVe understood what you read and you ap· rl'ligions that arE' not supported by J~hovah's
preciate how paradis!;' was lost and that it is Word and not following Jpsus' Christ!~ No
pOSSible to regain it. You even see the hope more sign of the cross for me!'
of the resurtection.' (She lost a son two "She said she was so happy now. Also, she
months before.> 1 Buggestro that 1 visit her wanted the statues out of her bedroom. I
an hour a week and we would go through the suggested that she throw them away but she
book together with thlO' Bible to see what said that the landlady would just retul"n them.
God's thoughts are on the matter. She would 1 asked her if she wanted me to giVe them
then easily identify who were the falslO' proph- away, but she said, No. So 1 askt'd her what
ets. 1 guaranteed her that they were not she want('d done with them. ShlO' said, 'Destroy
Jehovah's witnesses. 'Well,' she said, 'who are them.' 1 hugged her and said I would do so
they?' I said that in a few months she.would gladly. Next week 1 found them all packed,
know. inducting hN most prizlO'd religious plaquf'.
"Every Monday afternoon we had our study. She said it had to go too, 1 took them and
«'hen I found that her Bible ('onsisted of only destroyed them all.
the Christian GrlO'ek Scriptures, 1 obtained a "Now she attends the public lectures and
complete Bible for her. In three weeks she the Watchtower study on Sunday. She has
read all the Hebrew Scriptures. Now she was been reporting preaching activity. Witnesses
sick at heart, because Israel was condemned who live near her have kindly helpt'd her to
for idolatry. 'How could this be?' she asked. get to meetings."
16 AWAKE!
ROM coast to
F coast, Canada has
been endowed wi th
bountiful supplies of
earth's most abundant
mineral-WATER!
Water for every cbn-
IMPOUNDS
ceivable purpose: for HER
drinking, for il'l'iga-
tian, for hydrodcctric WATERS
developments, for in-
dustrial uses and for vacation
fun, to name but a few. Yet, for
all its abundance, this resource
needs to be husbanded and con-
trolled so that. fullest advantage By"Awake!"col"respondent in Canada
may be derived from it before
it flows at last into the salty seas that water-shortage crisis in the North Ameri-
wash Canada's shan's. can continent. It is claimed, for example,
Strange, is it not, that such a plentiful that within thirty-five years, according to
substance should need to be stored and the way men of the world view matters,
measured out? Consider the vastness of 75 percent of the river waters of the
the supply of fresh water. The mighty United States will be needed for the na-
Fraser-Thompson and the Columbia River tion's industrial and economic activities.
system of British Columbia both rise in Then, also, the northern states of Mexico
the Columbia Ice Fields of the Rockies. are feeling the pinch of water shortage.
The Peat:c River, formed by the junction Canada's own demahds for water for hy-
of the Parsnip and Finlay Rivers, flows dl'oelectl'ic development and irrigation are
into the Arctic Ocean after its juncture growing pl'OdigiollSly.
with the Mackenzie River system, with its No wonder water is now being viewed
huge Great Bear and Great Slave Lakes. more as a continental resource than as
Then, there is the North and South a national asset. In fact, a proposal is al-
Saskatchewan River system that drains ready under consideration for a colossal
into Hudson Bay after passing through undertaking~canals, locks, tunnels, si-
Lake Winnipeg in Manitoba. Also the gi- phons, pumping stations, dams and stor-
gantic S1. Lawrence River, with its Great age· basins to convey vast quantities of
Lakes, receives thc numerous rushing water southward from Canada into the
streams of Ontario and Quebec before central and Western regions of the United
pouring its tremendous volume into the States. If such a project becomes a real-
Atlantic. Canada's eastern provinces also ity, the· focal point of the system would
have their ample share of this vital com- be British Columbia's Rocky Mountain
modity. Truly, it is a case of "Water, wa- Trench, where a 500-mBe-Iong storage
ter, everywhere." reservoir would be formed. The cost would
Yet, there are powerful reasons for come close to $100,000 million and con-
handling with care this mighty water sup- struction would take thirty years!
ply. Foremost, perhaps, is the worsening Meantime, projects in water contrOL and
SEPTEMBER 22, 1968 17
conservation have gone far beyond the,ex~ tunnels, each having a diameter equiva-
perimental stage. Dams of enonnous size lent to a five-story building-tunnels
and strength are being reared here and drilled through half a mile of rock to a
there throughout the continent. Even that point downstream from the dam site.
amazing animal engineer, the beaver, if Next, a low cofferdam was constructed to
he had the ability to comprehend it, would divert the river's autumn runoff so the
be staggered at the thought, for instance, site of the dam could be dried out. Then
of building a dam large enough to tame men and machines poured onto the site
the raging Peace River. Yet that is what and construction of a larger cofferdam,
human engineers have accomplished. immediately behind the first one, got un-
der way. Stretching 1,100 feet across the
The Portage Mountain Project canyon at a height of 130 feet, this dam
Picture in your mind a cube measuring would eventually fonn an integral part of
slightly more than 1,150 feet on each edge. the main structure.
This Is the volume of gravel, sand and Of course, dammed-up waters have been
rock that had to be transported and care- known to sweep away huge dams and go
fully compacted on the dam site. About on disastrous rampages. To guard against
one-fifth of this quantity went into the this, special precautions were taken at the
watertight core of the structure-a core Portage Mountain Dam. A "nervous sys-
whose base is as thick as a city block and tem" was built into the structure. Dozens
which tapers off at the crest to 40 feet. of sensitive instruments that measure the
At its completion in 1967, this mammoth stresses and strains were strategicall)'
dam, much larger than the famed Aswan placed in the bedrock floor and through-
High Dam in Egypt. measured Ii miles out the dam. Also, the rock floor under
in length, 600 feet in height and a half the core of the dam was sealed with a
mile thick at the base. cementasand mixture applied under heavy
Equipment to speed this project to its pressure. Then, too, a barrier called a
finish included a conveyor belt-the "grout curtain," was built into the suba
world's largest! A rubber table 3 miles terranean rock for the purpose of sealing
long and 66 inches wide moved at 12.5 cracks and fissures against seepage.
miles per hour to carry raw gravel to the Finishing touches are now being put on
processing plant-12,000 tons an hour! this dam. An immense spillway, 100 feet
Operators at the plant merely pushed but- wide and 2,300 feet long, serves as pro-
tons to select any combination of dry or tection against any exceptionally heavy
washed sand, stone, silt or even unpro- runoff from the catchment area of 27,000
cessed gravel to meet the engineering square miles surrounding the reservoir.
specifications for the various zones of the The reservoir itself, now in course of fill-
dam. Conveyors from the plant made it ing up, has an area of 640 square miles,
possible to pile 100 tons of fill at the dam and will substitute for the rushing turbu-
every minute of the twenty-four-hour day. lent waters of Peace River Canyon a plac-
Before the dam could be built the Peace id lake with over one thousand miles of
River had to be diverted from its normal shoreline-British Columbia's largest in-
channel in Peace River Canyon. First, a land body of water! Recreation facilities
diversion channel 800 feet long and 280 are to be built around it, so perhaps one
feet wide had to be blasted out of the solid day you will be able to enjoy a vacation
rock on the west bank. This led to three there amid scenic grandeur.
18 AWAKE!
The Columbia River Development two million kilowatts of power. This proj-
Then there is the unpredictable Colum- ect is meant to bring many benefits to a
bia River, whose higheSt recorded flow at large region of the United States as a
one location was found to be 99 times its result of a constant flow of water, where
lowest. During its history it has destroyed once the supply was never assured.
entire communities, with many lives lost
and thousands rendered homeless. It need- The South Saskatchewan Project
ed to have its wild capers brought under "Kisiskatchewan"-the Indians called
control! it-''the river that runs swiftly." For cen·
The United States and Canada drew up tudes it has been pouring its billions of
and ratified the Columbia River Treaty gallons into the sea. To the Indians in
for the joint development of these water their birch bark canoes it constituted their
resources. As soon thereafter as was fea- highway system in peace and in war.
sible construction commenced on three Though the intruding white men often
Treaty dams. dreamed of harnessing its vast potential,
The first to become operational was the it was not until 1958 that the Federal and
Duncan Dam, 66 miles north of the city Saskatchewan governments signed an
of Nelson, British Columbia. Of earth-fill agreement to undertake a joint project
construction, this barrier extends half a for better use of these river waters.
mile, across the Duncan River. Its height Interest in this development focused on
of 130 feet will back up the waters in a a section of the river known as "The
29-square-mile reservoir, thus enlarging Elbow." Here it makes a right·angle turn
Duncan Lake. to flow north. At the point of the elbow,
By April 1969 the second Treaty dam Aitkow Creek Valley extends east for 11
is scheduled for completion at the lower miles to a height of land 85 feet above the
end of the Arrow Lakes, near Castlegar. It surface of the South Saskatchewan River.
is of combined earth-fill and cement con- Just east of this divide the Qu'AppelIe
struction. Reaching half a mile in length, River rises. If a dam were constructed
it towers as high as a 17-story building near "The Elbow," this valley could be
and will control a 14,OOO-square-mile made into a storage basin with a control
drainage area. The resulting reservoir will dam topping the divide, to guarantee a
extend 145 miles north to the city of Revel- constant flow in the Qu'Appelle River-
stoke. This dam is to have a navigation a boon to communities such as Regina and
lock 50 feet wide and 290 feet long, to pro- Moose Jaw.
vide for river traffic. The preliminary survey located a bed·
Over a hundred miles north of Arrow rock structure under the riverbed, half-
Dam, near the confluence of the Columbia, way between the towns of Elbow and Out-
Canoe and Wood Rivers, is where the look, which would bear the weight of the
third and largest Treaty dam is planned enormous dam that was planned. Work
for construction. Unlike the others, Mica commenced early in 1959, with the first
Dam is to produce electric power. Its half- contracts reducing the river channel to
mile-long crest is to rise 645 feet above the half its normal width. A machine, known
natural riverbed. The storage basin be- as 'The Mole,' was brought in to bore five
hind this structure is planned to stretch diversion twmels, each 4,300 feet long.
135 miles in a northwest-southeast direc- Seven years after the project was begun,
tion. It is expected to generate eventually the last of the millions of tons of material
SEPTEMBER ef. 1968 19
was placed and compacted at the dam crete. An earth-fill dam of the same
site. Right away the 140-mile reservbir strength would need ten times that vol-
began to fill. The dam is three miles long, ume of material.
over a mile thick at its base and rises to 'Manic 5' is planned to be one of the
a height of 210 feet-the continent's highest and most massive dams in the
second-largest earth-fill dam, second only world. Imagine, if you will, its length of
to Fort Peck Dam on Montana's Missouri 4,300 feet and its height of 703 feet at
River. the highest point! The water behind this
By the time the entire project, including mighty barrier is to form a ring-shaped
the Qu' Appelle River Dam, was completed lake in the heart of northern Quebec.
in 1967, the reservoir, nicknamed by op- Seven generating stations producing a
ponents "Saskatchewan's biggest bath- combined total of 5,789,000 kilowatts of
tub," had filled up, providing plenty of power are to utilize the constant flow from
water for the irrigation of thousands of this huge reservoir.
acres of dry land and for a powerhouse Truly, Canada is impounding her wa-
that will generate 400,000 horsepower of ters! "All the winter torrents" continue
electricity. Millions of trees are to be "going forth to the sea," but now, from
planted around the 475-mile shoreline of man's viewpoint, in a more controlled
the lake formed by the backed-up waters. manner all across the land. (Eccl. 1:7)
Parks are planned for the pleasure of an Alberta, too, has built large irrigation
ever-increasing number of tourists. dams in its southwest. Manitoba, most
richly endowed of the Prairi(' Provinces,
Quebec's Interest in Water is preparing to mak~ better use of her wa-
Quebec is the richest of all the prov- ter supply. Ontario has all'eady developed
inces in water resources. In fact, it has all her sizable \vaterpower potential with-
available more than 40 percent of Cana- in easy reach of the main (,pnters of popu-
da's total. Hydroelectric installations in lation, and continues to look farther
Quebec already produce about 48 percent afield. Npwfoundland and the Maritime.
of the nation's total of kilowatts. Quebec's Provinces are also at work on projects Of
share is 11,190,000. Many new pl'Ojerts an' their own.
under way. All of which should point attention to
Interest, at present, centers on the de- humankind's complete dependence on th£'
velopments along the Manikuagan and marvelous provisions made by earth's Cre-
Outardes Rivers of northern Quebec. Sev- ator. He himself reminds us of at least.
en large dams of various types have ei- two of our vital needs in these words:
ther gone up 01' are in course of con- "Just as the pouring rain descends, and
struction. The largest, 'Manic 5,' when the snow, from the heavcns and does not
finished, is to impolUld 33.3 cubic miles of return to that place, unless it actually
water! With all that water pressure, it saturates th£' earth and makes it produce
can be realized that a very strong dam and sprout, and seed is actually given to
will be essential. It is expected that its the sower and bread to the eater, so my
special arch-buttress design will require word that goes forth from my mouth will
only some 2.900,000 cubic yards of can- prove to be."-Isa. 55:10, 11.
PRESTO COMMUNICATION
Expl;'riments have shown that some messages transmitted over til ..
human nervous system travel at 265 miles per hour.
20 AWAKE'!
Ctfe qf
VELING MINISTER
The episode reminded us of the harrow-
ing experiences of Jesus Christ and the
apostle Paul, who, in the first century,
were also set upon by angry
mobs prejudiced by false re-
J.gious t('achings.-Luke 4:
28-30; Acts 14:19.
After settling down a bit,
we deCided to go to a nearby
vill".ge where another person
had wanted to be called upon
by a minister of Jehovah's
witnesses. We found the man
Featuring;
CONTENTS
"What's This World Coming To?" 3 A Grand Future Ahead in
God's New Order! 17
The Year 1914 a Turning Point 5
A Time to 'Lift Up Your Head' in
How Do We Know We Are Confident Hope
in the "Last Days"? 7
23
Normal times ended. "The last completely 'normal' year in history was 1913, the
year before World War r began."-Woshington, D.C., Times-
Herald, March 13, 1949.
However, is this not just an "Security and quiet have disappeared from the lives af men
"American" view? No, it is since 1914. And peace? Since 1914, the Germans have not
the view of authorities all known real peace nor has much of mankind."-Konrad
over the world. Adenauer, chancellor, West Germany, January 20, 1964.
"In the year 1914 the world, as it was known and accepted
then, came to an end. For more than any year before or
since was this the punctuation-mark of the twentieth century."
-British author James Cameron in the book entitled" 1914."
"If _ .. the human race surv'lves, some historian in the next
century may well conclude that the day the world wen! mad
was August 4, 1914. "-london Star, August 4, 1960.
August 4, 1914, World War I "The -Arst (world] war marked a for greater change in history.
began developing. But did not It closed a long era of general peace and began a new age
World War II mark an even of violence in which the second [world] war is simply an
greater turning point? No! episode. Since 1914 the world has had a new character: a
character of international anarchy_ . . . Thus the first World
War marks a turning point in modern history."-H. R. Trevor-
Roper, British historian, August I, 1954.
"It is indeed the year 1914 rather than that of Hiroshima
which marks the turning point in our time, ... it was the first
world war that ushered in the era of confused transition in
the midst of which we are floundering. "-ScientiRc Monthly,
July 1951.
OCTOBER 8, 19!!S 5
In addition to anarchy and "The world as man knew it • . . was forever ending, and
confusion, 1914 brought the from July 28 to August 4, 1914, the leaders and the led
era of total war and of un- ioined in pronouncing the death sentence . . . . World War I
precedented insecurity. was the end of the Golden Age, the beginning of Total War."
-Hanson W. Baldwin, American military analyst, July 26,
1964.
"If ever there was a year that marked the end of on era
and the beginning of another, it was 1914. That year brought
to on end the old world with its sense of security and began
Ihe modern age, characteristic of which is the insecurity that
is our daily portion. "-A. L Rowse, Oxford historian and
biographer, June 28, 1959.
Has the half century since "A deterioration has been going on since the first World
1914 seen any return to nor- War."-Dwight D. Eisenhower, former president of the United
malcy? Or has the plunge States, September 13, 1965.
downward picked up speed? "Since 1914 civilization has constantly deteriorated. Nawa.
Consider the facts. days it is on the verge of collapse."-Newark News, Novem-
ber 20, 1960.
"We seem to leap from incident fa incident. Suddenly there
is a new emergency and men die. Since 1914, great empires
have collapsed and nations hardly known then are now world
problems . . . . We have tried war, appeasement, charily, di-
plomacy, the League of Notions, the United Notions. These
efforts have failed . . . . Obviously something happened (in
1914) which altered the course of . . . life. That alleration
has not been for the better."-New York Journal-American,
January 24, 1952.
But just because the year 1914 is rec- by 1?abylon. That was in the year 607
ognized as a turning point, does that in E.C.E. Thus, the "appointed times of the
itself make it the start of the "last days"? nations," as Jesus Christ later called them,
What confirms this conclusion? began.-Luke 21:24.
Both in Bible chronology and in the When did these 2,520 years end? Count-
events that were foretold to take place ing from 607 B.C.E. to 1 B.C.E. would be
from 1914 onward we find confirmed be- 606 full years; from 1 B.C.E. to 1 C.E. is
yond doubt that 1914 was the beginning one year; and from C.E. 1 to C.E. 1914
of the end for this present system. is 1,913 years. Thus, 606 plus 1 plus 1,913
Briefly stated, in the Bible there is a gives us 2,520 years, ending in 1914."
remarkable prophecy concerning the mun- HO\vever, is this prophelCY relating to
ber of years that God would allow the chronology the only proof that 1914
political nations uninterrupted rule over marked the beginning of 1he "last days"?
earth's affairs. The time allotted by Qod No. There is far more to the matter than
would be 2,520 years altogether. that. Consider what came with that date
When did this period of 2,520 years 1914.
begin? It began when God permitted the • For a mor .. detailed ...~planation of this time
pl'riod pl~a'<' Se<) the buok "H,,"-'I/o" the Great lla .•
nation of ancient Israel to be Qv('rthrown Pal/e"." Gad\, K,n"dm" l?ul("~', PI-', J"i"110 181.
(; AWAKE!
nite beginning at midnight and a definite
l
ralher than conviction . . . of the pleasant life tory."-United States Senator Frank Carlson,
rather than the meaningful life .•.. June 19, 1968.
"The criticisms of God rank well above almost "We are nal living in ordinary times .••. The
all other criticisms of the hour. More people---in morals with which we have grown up are being
more ways and on more occasians-casl doubt, cost aside . . . God has been dethroned; sex
hurl darts, and throw charges against God such has been deified."-Brisbane, Australia, Cou-
as this country has never seen in all of its his- rier-Mail, June 15, 1964.
There are many other features of the tention to the year 1914 as far back as
sign marking the "last days." But the ones 1879, pointing out that disastrous condi-
listed above are sufficient to show how Bi- tions would begin then. Indeed, fifty-four
ble prophecy has been fulfilled. years ago, the New York World of Au-
However, some persons may here state: gust 30, 1914, said:
'Well, wars, famines, pestilences, earth- "The terrific war outbreak in Europe has
quakes, crime-these are all features of fulfilled an extraordinary prophecy. For a
quarter of a century past, through preachers
hwnan living in every age. It would not be and through press, the 'International Bible
difficult for anyone to predict that they Students' . . . have been proclaiming to the
would occur again. And, such a prophecy world that the Day of Wrath prophesied in
could apply to many periods.' the Bible would dawn in 1914. 'Look out
for 1914!' has been the cry ... of the evan·
Is this true? No, it is not, as thoughtful gelists."
reasoning will show. It is one thing to Yet, while these witnesses of Jehovah
foretell such events or conditions, it is an-
were proclaiming that 1914 would bring
other thing to foretell them on the scale the worst time of trouble in history, what
indicated, as affecting the entire globe; to were others saying? In the book 1913:
foretell that thcy would occur concur- America Between Two Worlds r1962J au·
rently in only one generation; to fore- thor A. Valentine notes: "Secretary of
tell that they would come at the time in- State Bryan said [in 1913J that 'condi-
dicated in Bible prophecy. That is why tions promising world peace were nev:er
the publishers of this magazine called at- more favorable than now,' and Andrew
12 AWAKE!
Carnegie said war with Germany had So do not misread the evidence. It is
never 'even been imagined,'" all there, and it is positively overwhehn-
Thus, right up to the very brink of ing, particularly so because the evidence
World War I, prominent world leaders has continued in fot'ce for more than half
were forecasting an age of social unity a century now! And if all this is not the
and enlightenment, If the conditions that fulfillment of Bible prophecy concerning
have come since 1914 were easily pre· the "last days," then what does it re-
dictable, then why did not such men fore· quire? What more could be expected in
see them and sound the warning? the way of fulfillment?
Still, some object and say: 'Oh, it's only For your own welfare, you should face
the population increase and better report· the fact that all the many lines of the
ing methods that make things seem so "fingerprint" for the "last days>! stand out
much worse today.' An answer to this sharply, crystal clear. They allow for only
comes from the following news report: one meaning: that we have been in the
"Washington, May 31 (APl-FBI Director "last days" since 1914!
J. Edgar Hoover assailed today those who Crucial questions now arise: Is there
attempt to minimize the nation's crime prob· any indication in God's timetable as to
lem by blaming it on the large increase in how much time there is left before this
the youthful population and fuller tabula·
tions by policr' .... He said those who try to system of things comes to its end? Can
'explain away the shocking truth behind we know how many more years remain
crime statistics' are doomed to failurE'." for this violent system of things?
HE fact that fifty·four years of the generation will by no means pass away
T period called the "last days" have
ready gone by is highly significant.
al·
It
until all these things occur."-Matt. 24:34.
Jesus was obviously speaking about
means that only a few years, at most, re- those who were old enough to witness
main before the corrupt system of things with understanding what took place when
dominating the earth is destroyed by God. the "last days" b£t"an. Jesus was saying
How can we be so certain of this? that some of those persons who were alive
One way is by noting what Jesus said at the appearance of the 'sign of the last
when he gave his great prophecy about days' would still be alive when God
the "last days." After he listed the many brought this system to its end.
events that would mark this period, he Even if we presume that youngsters 15
also stated: "Truly I say to you that this years of age would be perceptive enough
OCTOBER 8, 19G8 13
to realize the import of what happened in Christians have prayed for during many
1914, it would still make the youngest of centuries.-Matt. 6: 10.
"this generation" nearly 70 years old to-
day. So the great majority of the genera- When Do 6,000 Years End?
tion to which Jesus was referring has al- How can it be determined when 6,0IX)
ready passed away in death. The remain- years of human history will end?
ing ones are approaching old age. And According to reliable Bible chronology,
remember, Jesus said that the end of this Adam and Eve were created in 4026
wicked world would come be/ore that gen- B.C.E.· From the autumn of
eration passed away in death. This, of it- 4026 B.C.E. to 1 B.C.E..... 4,025 years
self, tells us that the years left before the 1 B.C.E. to 1 C.E..................... 1 year
foretold end comes cannot be many.
1 C.E. to 1968 C.E ........... 1,967 years
6,000 Years Nearing Completion Total to autumn 1968 .... 5,993 years
There is another way that helps con- This would leave only seven more years
finn the fact that we are living in the final from the autumn of 1968 to complete
few years of this "time of the end." (Dan. 6,000 full years of human history. That
12:9) The Bible shows that we are near- seven-year period will evidently finish in
ing the end of a full 6,000 years of human the autumn of the year 1975.
history. What significance does this have? Does this mean that the above evidence
When God gave his laws to ancient Is- positively points to 1975 as the time for
rael, one of those laws involved keeping the complete end of this system of things?
the sabbath day holy. On the seventh day Since the Bible does not specifically state
of the week there was to be no labor. The this, no man can say. However, of this
people were to rest from all their toil. (Ex. we can be sure: The 1970's will certainly
20:8-11) The Bible states that "the Law see the most critical times mankind has
has a shadow of the good things to come." yet known. The deterioration in human
-Heb. 10:l. relations-within families, communities,
Revelation chapter 20, verse 6, shows cities and nations, and between nations
that God's heavenly kingdom will rule -will worsen, not improve. (2 Tim. 3:13)
over the earth for one thousand years If the 1970's should see intervention by
after the end of this system of things. Jehovah God to bring an end to a corrupt
That millennium will bring a sabbathlike world drifting toward ultimate disintegra-
rest to the earth and all those then in- tion, that should surely not surprise us.
habiting it. Hence, the first six thousand If you feel that this is painting the
years since man's creation could be lik- picture too darkly, consider what warn-
ened to the first six days of the week in ings the hard facts have forced even men
ancient Israel. The seventh one-thousand- of this world to express. They sense that
year period could be likened to the seventh disaster is approaching, but, lacking the
day, the sabbath, of that week.-2 Pet. Bible's guidance, they do not know what
3,S. to do about it. That is why U.S. News &;
How fitting it would be for God, fol- World Report of June 10, 1968 said:
lowing this pattern, to end man's misery ''What is developing, as many experts see
it, is an era of confusion and doubts unlike
after six thousand years of human rule anything experienced."
and follow it with His glorious Kingdom
• For turther details see the book "All Scriptur. I.
rule for a thousand years! This Kingdom tnsp1fed of God ana Beneficial," pp. 283 to 286.
14 AWAKE!
6,000 YEARS OF HUMAN HISTORY ENDING IN I97S
"~;J'~I
A.
(
I
4026 B.C.E.,
MAN'S CREATION
,,000
T
f;py
2310 8.C.E., 1513 8.e.E.,
NOACHIAN ISRAEL'S EXODUS .JERUSALEM
.,coo
II
6018.C.E., 29 (.E.,
JESUS
T
1914 (.E.,
"LAST DAYS"
1975 C.E.,
END Of
F!.OOD FROM EGYPT DESTROYED BAPTIZED BEGIN 6,000 YEARS
Coi1cerning political instability, former tendom stem the tide, for they too are in
U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson a state of growing chaos. An Associated
said jn 1960: "I know enough of what is Press dispatch on November 24, 1967, re-
going on to assure you that, in 15 years ported:
from today [or, by ]975], this world "Christian theology ... today is in a state
is going to be too dangerous to live in." of chaos, many of its experts admit. 'Today,
And of the struggle between communism we are at the end of a theological era, with
the old theological systems a shambles,'
and capitalism, Intelligence Digest of Au- says the Rev. James I. McCord, president of
gust 1967 said: "The facts ... show that Princeton Theological Seminary."
the forces in the world struggle are group- One of the greatest problems, beyond
ing themselves for a decisive show-down." man's so1ving, is the coming food. short·
Everywhere national currencies are in age due to the population explosion. In
trouble. Alfred Shaefer, chairman of the book Famine-1975! food experts
Switzerland's Union Bank, said in 1968: W. and P. Paddock state:
"Everywhere you see a shakiness. Time "By 1975 a disaster of unprecedented
is running out. Something disagreeable magnitude will face the world. Famines,
could happen at any time." greater than any in history, will ravage the
undeveloped nations."
Large cities are in such a state of af- "I forecast a specific date, 1975, when the
fairs that efforts to patch them up have new crisis will be upon us in aM its awesome
proved hopelessly insufficient. The air, wa- importance."
ter and land are becoming polluted to the "By 1975 civil disorder, anarchy, military
point of saturation. Transportation in dictatorships, runaway inflation, transporta-
non bl"~ako.Dwns ano. chaotic unrest win be
many nations is a major killer, and the the order of the day in many of the hungry
crush of traffic often paralyzes major cit- nations."
ies for hours. Schools and colleges are in And the Arizona Republic said on JW1e
a dilemma as to maintaining order. 2, 1968, that Professor R Heilbroner of
Drug addiction and immorality have New York "predicted that in the early
reached unimagined extremes. Law en- 1970's, 'the greatest catastrophe the world
forcement becomes increasingly difficult, has ever known' will occur when popula-
with the public often apathetic toward tion far outstrips the available food
corruption and even showing violent ani- supply."
mosity toward the police. In the United
States, firemen are frequently attacked Just a 'Passing Phase'?
when un~wpring hrc ca11s. Some will object and say that these
Nor can thE' religious systems of Chris- distressing conditions are just a 'passing
OOTOBER /,' 19(;8 15
phase' in .world affairs. 'Things will unaided efforts, man can establish lasting
straighten out and the present systems peace is directly contrary to Christian
will gradually improve: they may say. teaching."
But on what basis can you believe this? However, since the majority of hwnans
Have men successfully coped with these and their leaders do not really want God
conditions, or, to the contrary, has history as their ruler, they will have to be taken
and your own personal experience proved out of the way. That is why Bible proph-
that these conditions have worsened? ecy says of our time: "In the days of those
Ask yourself: What is the trend? Are kings the God of heaven will set up a
men becoming less selfish and more lov- kingdom that will never be brought to
ing? Are they becoming less ambitious ruin. And the
and proud? Are they tending toward kingdom itself
greater hwnility, greater love for their will not be
neighbor and concern for his welfare? Is passed on to any
there less violence, less hatred in the other people. It
world? Is it more peaceful, less dangerous? will crush and
The facts answer, No! He is not solv- put an end to all
ing his problems. Instead, his manage- these kingdoms,
ment of earth is producing crises of ever and it itself will
greater proportions. So why believe that stand to times in-
conditions under man's rule will im- definite." (Dan.
prove? Why not face the facts as stated 2:44) What a re-
in the Bible that this present system is lief this will
headed for a crash, but that before it goes bring to those
to pieces completely from its own bad- who are sick of
ness, Almighty God is going to step in all the bloodshed,
and execute his judgment upon it?-Jer. strife and corruption!
25:31-33; Rev. 18:1-8; 19:11-21. Those who submit to God's require-
ments will be protected by him through
Change Ahead in World Government the coming Armageddon destruction of
It is very appropriate for God to bring this system of things. He promises: "Seek
an end to man's rule. On their own, in- Jehovah, all you meek ones of the earth,
dependent from God, men and nations who have practiced His own judicial de-
have brought ever greater disaster to the cision. Seek righteousness, seek meekness.
human family. Unable to get what they Probably you may be concealed in the day
want by legitimate and just means, they of Jehovah's anger."-Zeph. 2:3.
have drenched the earth with the blood After the end of this system of things,
of innocent people.-Isa. 26:21. then what? A new day will dawn for the
human family! Armageddon survivors will
Editor David Lawrence acknowledged
begin to enjoy all the benefits of a righ-
on September 25, 1967: "Unhappiness on
teous new order. Just what will conditions
earth is man-made. Our key weakness is
be like on earth then? What blessings will
that we have not solved the problem of
flow to the human family during this
self-government." And the editor of In-
1,aOO-year rule of God's kingdom? For
telligence Digest admitted in August of your own encouragement, examine these
1967: "Only God can settle world affairs. conditions and benefits in the light of
The materialistic concept that, by his own God's promises.
16 AWAKEl
A GRAND FUTURE AHEAD
IN GOD'S NEW ORDER!
HEN God puts an end to this present supreme power for doing good will be
W system of things shortly, it will pave
the way for his clean new order for earth.
manifested by his showering down hless-
ings on those of mankind who will live
A.rmageddon win rid the earth of war, 'in tha't new order. FolIO\ving are a few
violence, crime and injustice. Divisive gOY· heartwarming prophecies from God's
ernme-nts, religions and economic systems Word. Many of them find their fulfillment
will be gone forever. primarily in a spiritual sense noW among
With God's heavenly kingdom the only God's servants. But they also foretell Jit-
government ruling over the earth, God's eral and physical blessings.
"'-:'
''''.~
"And my people must dwell in a peaceful abiding '"
OCTOBER 8, 1968 17
MAN AND ANIMALS AT PIACI WITH ONE ANOTHER
18 AWAKE!
IUMINATION OF SICKNISS AND DIATH-
INTRODUCTION OF PERFECT HEALTH AND EVERLASTING LIFE
All persons will become healthy,
spiritually, mentally and physically.
"At that time the eyes of the
blind ones will be opened, and the
very ears of the deaf ones will be
unstopped. At thai time the lame
one will climb up just as a stag
does, (Indo ~he ~on9ue of \r.e speech-
less one will cry oul in gladness."
-Iso. 35,5, 6.
"And [God] will wipe out every
tear from their eyes, and dealh
will be no more, neither will mOurn-
ing nor outcry nor pain be any
more. "_Rev. 21,4.
20 AWAKE!
ALL HOUSING PROBLEMS SOLVED
OCTOBER 8, 1968 21
Surely you want to live in such a won- their loyalty to God and be found worthy
derful new order as God's Word describes. of living forever in that restored paradise.
Think of it-no more war, crime, violence, But will not this planet become too
poverty, hunger, poor housing or sickness! crowded with so many millions coming
What a blessing these conditions will back in the resurrection? No, that will not
be for those who Sincerely love righteous- be the case. Keep in mind that the Cre-
ness! And under God's loving administra- ator of the universe regulates the thou-
tion by his appointed King, Christ Jesus, sands of millions of heavenly bodies with
all mankind will become one united, hap- a precision that inspires awe in man.
py family. From heaven, this righteous Surely God is capable of determining and
rulership will guide, assist and prosper the regulating a far smaller number of people
activities of those who make up the new to live comfortably on earth. There will
earthly arrangement of things. Fulfilled be no problem of overcrowding to mar the
will be the Bible prophecy: "There are happiness of that new order. Jehovah will
new heavens rGod's kingdoml and a new solve any problem that. could arise. Hence,
earth rrighteous human societYl that we we can confidently say: "0 .Jehovah of
are awaiting according to his promise, and armies, happy is the man thaI is trusting
in these righteousness is to dwell." in you."-Ps. 84:12.
-2 Pet. 3: 13. Living then will be true living, in the
The new system will certainly fulfill the way the Creator purposed, free from the
promise given through the psalmist, who frustration, irritation, disagreeableness
said of the loving Creator: "You are open- and anxiety that characterizes the lives of
ing your hand and satisfying the desire millions today. That is why the Bible de-
of every living thing." (Ps. 145:16) All scribes the condition of persons then in
the proper desires of God-fearing persons this way: "The meek ones themselves will
will be completely realized under the rule possess the earth, and they will indeed find
of the Kingdom government. Not only their exquisite ddiqht in the abundance
peace, prosperity and health, but also the of peace." (Ps. 37:11) Yes, those living in
enjoyment of living among people who are that new order \vill experience such deep
honest, decent, loving and helpful. peace and contentment that every day will
Nor will this enjoyment be temporary. be an "exquisite delight" to them.
It will not be cut short by death after Do you not agree that God's purpo.<;e
seventy or eighty years of life. For God's for earth and man in the near future is
Word guarantees the elimination of death, inspiring? Certainly nothing that any
saying: "He will actually swallO\v up man, organization or government on earth
death forever, and the Lord Jehovah will today has done or ('vcr could do remote-Iy
certainly \vipe the tears from all faces." compares with what God will do for mall
Usa. 25:8) "The righteous themselves will in His new ordel'.
possess the earth, and they will reside Surely no one today can deny the U1'-
forever upon it."-Ps. 37:29. gent need for a change in the direction
Even those in the graves will have an in which men and nations are moving.
opportunity for life in God's new order, Many, in fact, long for such a change. Yet
for "there is going to be a resurrection they hesitate to believe in the prospect
of both the righteous and the Wlrigh- of seeing a global change take place in the
teous." (Acts 24:15) In this way the res- neBl' future by God's power. Why? Does
urrected dead will be in position to prove their doubting have a sOlU1d basis?
22 AWAKE!
ATIME 10
rl:L~U;
Pry~ in
CONFIDENT HOPE
HE evidence that we are far along in even announcing a specific date. Some
T the "last days" can be either good
news or had news to you, depending on
have gathered groups of people with them
and fled to the hills 01' withdra\vn into
the position you take. If you long to be their houses waiting for the end. Yet,
free from a rule that has proved both nothing happened. The "('nd" did not come.
unsatisfactory and unrighteous and that They were guilty of false prophesying.
is torn more and more by discord and Why? What was rnissing~
confusion; if you really love what is right Missing was the full measure of evi-
and have a sincere desire to do the will dence required in fulfillment of Bible
of your Creator, then this evidence should prophecy. Missing {rom such people were
make you rejoice. Why? Because, as Jesus God's truths and the evidence that he was
Christ said: "As these things start to oc- guiding and using them.
cur, raise yourselves erect and lift your
heads up, because your deliverance b; But what about today? Today we have
getting near."-Luke 21; 28. the evidence required, all Of it. And it is
A perfect government, heaven-based overwhelming! All the many, many parts
and with heaven's blessing and heaven's of the great sign of the "last days" are
power backing it up, will soon take com- here, together with verifying Bible chro-
plete control o~ thi.s earth. 1n this way nology.
God will answer the prayer: "Let your Take a simple illustration: Suppose on
kingdom come." What better news could ri hot day at the beginning of summer,
there be? someone told you that winter was coming
Still some persons may say: "How can within a week because he had seen some
you be sure? Maybe it is later than many trees without leaves. But those trees could
people think. But maybe it is not as late haye di('d from disease or age. So, by itself
as some persons claim. People have been that would not be enough evidence that
mistaken about these prophecies before." winter was approaching. Especially so
when none of the othcr trees had shed
The Difference their leaves, when the heat continued day
'fme, there have been those in times after day, and when the calendar told you
past who predicted an "end to the world," it was just the beginning of summer. You
OCTOBER 8, 1968 23
could rightly dismiss the claim of winter's the fig tree and all the other trees: When
nearness as unfoWlded. they are already in the bud, by observing
What, though, if months later you went it you know for yourselves that now the
outside each day in the afternoon and summer is near." (Luke 21:29, 30) Then,
found the temperature approaching the as recorded at Matthew 24:33, 34, he add-
freezing point, with dull gray clouds scud- ed: "Likewise also you, when YO\J. see
ding across the sky? What if you saw all these things, know that he is near at
that all the trees that were not ever- the doors. Truly I say to you that this
greens had shed their leaves? And what generation will by no means pass away
if you, upon inquiring, found that the au- until all these things occur." We today
tumn harvest of crops had taken place have aU the many parts of that sign, near-
weeks ago, and that the migrating birds ly forty of them, being fulfilled within the
and animals had already taken leave for same generation, and we have God's time-
warmer climates? What if your calendar tabl(', his "calendar," showing that the
showed that the autumn months were at time has nearly run out fOI' the present
their dose? unrighteous system of things. This is very
Would you still doubt if someone told different indeed from the situation with
you that winter was coming very soon? those who proclaimed an "end to the
Would you say he was just guessing or world" in earlier generations.
merely expressing his own idea? Or would
you acknowledge, on the basis of solid The Majority's Opinion
evidence, that he knew the facts and was Not a Sound Guide
telling you the truth? We need to realize that the majority of
After expressing the many parts that persons will not be moved by the evi-
make up the sign of the "last days," Jesus dence that God's kingdom has drawn neal'.
used a similar illustration with regard to Why? They are not really interested in
another season, summer, saying: "Note God's new system taking over control of
earth. They do
not want to sub-
mit to God's rule,
preferring to
pursue their own
selfish desires.
These people will
look for ways to
reject or ridicule
the evidence. But
they merely add
to the evidence
of the "last
days," for the Bi-
ble foretold: "In
the last days
~ there will come
ridiculers with
their ridicule,
24 AWAKE!
proceeding according to their own de~ house is abandoned to you." (Matt. 23:38)
sires and saying: 'Where is this promised He warned the people: "When you see
presence of his? Why, from the day our Jerusalem surrounded by encamped ar-
forefathers fell asleep in death, all things mies, then know that the desolating of her
are continuing exactly as from creation's has drawn near. Then let those in Judea
beginning.' "-2 Pet. 3:3, 4. begin fleeing to the mountains, and let
Many people' today are like persons on those in the midst of her withdraw, and
a runaway train who pay no attention let those in the country places not enter
when someone sincerely tries to warn into her; because these are days for met·
them that the train is heading for di~ ing out justice."~Luke 21:20-22.
saster. They keep on with their club-car In that same generation, in the year
conversations, discussing matters such as 66 C.E., Roman armies did come against
wages, prices or social injustices. Or they Jerusalem, besieging it as Jesus foretold.
keep on arguing over the merits of politi- But then, those armies withdrew, as an-
cal leaders, the latest sports events; or cient Jewish historian Josephus said:
reading, drinking, or playing cards. "without any reason in the world." (War.';'
Do not such persons fit the description Of the Jews, Book II, Chapter XIX, sec. 7)
Jesus gave, saying: "For as they were in Here was the Sign Jesus had mentioned
those days before the flood, eating and and now the opportunity to act upon it!
drinking, men marrying and women be- Christians, confidently believing the truth
ing given in marriage, until the day that of what Jesus said, rapidly abandoned Je-
Noah entered into the ark; and they took rusalem and all the surrounding area.
no note until the flood came and swept They crossed the Jordan River to the
them all away, so the presence of the Son east, getting out of Judean territory al-
of man will be"?-Matt. 24:38, 39. together.
Notice that Jesus said "they took no Those who did not believe Jesus, or at
note." But despite this and despite the least doubted him, ignored the sign.
scoffing of the majority, "the world of Thinking the Romans would not be back,
that time suffered destruction when it they resumed their routine of life. In fact,
was deluged with water." (2 Pet. 3:6) four years later, in '70 c.E., during a re-
But note please that Noah and his fam- ligious holiday the Jews flocked into Je-
ily had the happy experience of living rusalem by the hundreds of thousands.
through that destruction. Why? "Noah They did the very opposite of what Jesus
proceeded to do according to all that God said to do!
had commanded him. He did just so." Just at that time, the Roman armies
-Gen. 6:22. came back in force! They quickly sur-
rounded Jerusalem, trapping more than a
A Parallel Situation in Jesus' Day million Jews inside the city. After a siege,
The attitude of the majority when Je- those powerful armies of Rome broke
sus was on earth was no different from through the city's defenses. More than a
today. They placed no confidence in his million Jews died due to famine and dis-
warnings nor the hope he announced. ease or were slaughtered, and tens of
Jesus told the Jewish leaders that God thousands were taken captive. Their city
had abandoned their religiOUS system be- and its religiOUS temple were put to the
cause of their willful disobedience and re- torch. By the year 73 C.E. all Judea had
ligious hypocrisy, saying: "Look! Your been desolated. Those who ignored Jesus'
OCTOBER 8, 1968
warning, viewing it .as mere "calamity The famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton,
howling," paid with their lives. a critic of ancient writings, said after ex·
Yet, during this very time of horrible amining the Scriptures: "I find more sure
destruction, the Christians who had marks of authenticity in the New Testa-
obeyed Jesus lived in blessed security in ment than in any profane history what-
the mountains across the Jordan River. ever." And modern archaeologist W. F.
Albright said in his book Archaeology and
No Real Excuse for Doubting Israel: "No major contention of Scripture
Despite all the evidence surrounding has proved unhistorical."
them in proof that God's kingdom will soon So, while you may choose to doubt the
come against the present wicked system, Bible's authenticity, if you have never
some still call for added proof. They made a thorough study of it, then you
would like some obviously sup~rnatural should be honest enough to admit either
phenomena to take place so as to convince to ignorance of its contents or perhaps
them that it is tl'uly later than they had even prejudice against them. But igno-
thought. But, when a group of religious rance or prejudice on such a vital subject
leaders wanted Jesus to produce some and in a time such as we are now experi-
heavenly display to cause them to believe encing is dangerous indeed. Now, if ever,
in him, Jesus said in rC'proof: "When rr.en and women everywhere need to re-
evening falls you are accustomed to say, examine their outlook on life, the basis for
'It will be fair weather, for the sky is their hopes and their present course of ac-
fire-red': and at morning, 'It will be win- tion, and their reason for their beliefs and
try, rainy weather today, for the sky is convictions.
fire-red, but gloomy-looking.' You know We sincerely hope that you are one who
how to interpret the appearance of the will open-mindedly consider the facts, and
sky, but the signs of the times you can- that your faith in God's justice and love
not intel'pl'et."-Matt. 16:1-3; Luke 12: and in the truth of his Word continues
54-56. unaffected by the doubts and scoffings of
The Bible shows the true meaning of a world that blindly rushes on in a di·
the "signs of the timcs" in which we are sastrous course. (2 Cor. 4:4: Matt. 15:14)
living. If we believe God's Word \ve will This system of things is picking up speed
rejoice. Do you believe it? Or arc you in its downward plunge. Will you stay
perhaps influenced by persons who at- with it and take the consequences, or will
tempt to discredit and dO\vngrade the Bi- you listen to the counsel of God's Word
ble's rcliability? If so, you should not and abandon it?
make the mistake of thinking that such The time remaining for a decision is
criticism has true scientific basis. NotC', short. The opportunity is still before you,
for example, what ProfC'ssor R. D. Wilson like the open door of the ark built by
said in A Scientific Investigation of the Noah before the Flood, and like the open
Old Testament: gates of Jerusalcm whcn Rome's armies
"W)wnt'ver there is sufficient documentary temporarily withdrew. But that door of
evidence to make an investigation, the state·
ments of the Bible in the original text have opportunity will soon close for all time.
stood the test. ... Prompt action is vital if you would be
"The chronological and geographical state- among the happy survivors of this pres·
ments al'e morf' accurat{' and reliabk than
those affordl'rl by any other 8ncien1 rlocu·
ent system's destruction. What can you
menls." do and what \vill it require of you?
A~\lAKE.'
26
you that life either. ~an's works,
however noble, all end in death.
WHAT
Even the sincere attempts by
means of modern medicine can~
not prolong life indefinitely. In
this regard the New York Time.~
WILL IT COST
of October 30, 1966, reported:
"At the moment, efforts to length·
en the life span seem to have
broken down . . . . It is now gener·
ally agreed that no single factor is
OCTOBER 8, 1968 3l
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everyone and proclaimed far and wide lence, hatred and fear. It points you to
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32 AWAKE!
What Has Happened to Respect for Authority?
~~I§J€JI
CONTENTS
\Vhat Has Happened to Respect Credit Cards-Convenient
for Authority':' 3 and Dangerous 21
Where Is the Comet ':' 7
Keep Your Teeth g Graduates of Gilead School Join
How Many Calories ':' 10 Missionary Ranks 26
"Awake!" Appreciated ow-r the Years 11 "Your Word Is Truth"
Could Noah's Ark Have Held
All Those Animals? 13 I Natural History Confirms
Bible Accuracy 28
If Your Home Has a Fire, What
Will You Do? 17
l Watching the World 30
"It is already the hour for you fo awake."
-lIbman. 13,11
home manifests itself outside the home. cal party often display the same contra-
In some schools conditions are almost dictions, holding completely opposite view-
completely out of control, as Inspector points. All of this surely does not build
1 A WAKE!
respect for authority, especially on the people have no idea of how to govern even
part of younger persons whose very lives their own thoughts and passions."
are at stake. Thus, any nation or society whose citi-
Then, there is another major reason for zens fail to accord proper respect to law
growing disrespect for authority. It is the and authority simply cannot long endure.
abuse of authority by those who wield it. "In all recorded history, none ever has,"
When a dictator requires men blindly to points out former Supreme Court Justice
obey his bad policies, many say that de- Charles Whittaker. He adds: "On the con-
cent persons should not obey. And when trary: History shows that every society
certain groups within a country. such as which became lawless soon succumbed,
the poor or minority groups, feel discrimi- and that the first evidences of each soci-
nated against and neglected, then their ety's decay appeared in the toleration of
respect for governmental authorities di- disobedience of its laws and the judgments
minishes. of its courts."
Fatal Mistakes
Knowing some of the common mistakes
that have co'St peo-p\e tnell' lives can he\p
you to avoid them if your horne catches on
fire. Although your house may never have
caught on fire, that does not mean it never
will. That possibility always exists because
there are so many factors that can cause
DO?
prepared in case this happens to your house,
so that you and your family will not make
fatal mistakes. If you do not have a fire, so
much the better.
HREE children and But suppose you are suddenly awakened
T their parents diedl-l-4-
when a fire broke out in
during the night by the smell of smoke.
If you rush to the bedroom door and fling
their home last January, but a daugh- it open you could be making a mistake
ter that was sleeping in an upstairs that would very likely cost you your life.
bedroom survived. Unable to go down Tt is not necessary for flames actually to
the st.ainvay because of the heat and reach a person· for him to be killed in a
smoke, she climbed out a window and house fire. They can be on the ground floor
dropped to the roof of an extension to and still be deadly to persons upstairs. That
the dining room. Then she lowered her- is the most dangerous place to be when
self from there and dropped to the there is a nre. Heat ana. smoke ascend the
ground. Running to the police call box stairwell, trapping the people in the upper
nearby, she summoned the firemen, but rooms. If the bedroom doors are open, the
they were unable to save the rest of poisonous gases in the smoke will very like~
the family. Smoke had killed them. ly kill the people sleeping there without ever
This tr'agedy, unfortunately, is not awakening them. Even if someone does
an uncommon occurrence. In the Unit- awake, the gases are still likely to kill him
ed States there are 1,500 house fires if he does not get out quickly. There is a
('very day on the average, and in the better chance of living longer and escaping
course of one year these fires take the if the bedroom doors are always kept closed
OCTOBER 22, 1968 17
at night. They act as a temporary barrier he can go downstairs. If it is, he can run
to the heat and smoke. while in a crouched position, as the smoke
Now, why would it be a fatal mistake will usually be nearer the ceiling than the
to fling a bedroom door open when there floor. In some instances he might have to
is a fire? If the bedroom doors are closed, crawl along the floor.
the hot gases of the fire accumulate in If the hallway and stairway are filled
the upstairs hallway. Their temperature with dense smoke, he would be making
can reach 1,000 degrees F., and the smoke a fatal mistake trying to escape through
and pressure can be great. When a door it. Even if he tried holding his breath,
is opened, the hot gases rush through the he would not likely be able to hold it long
doorway into the cooler bedroom. You enough to get out. The gases in the smoke
can well imagine what gases heated to could render him unconscious very quick-
1,000 degrees would do to the person open- ly and kill him in a few minutes. Eleven
ing the door. Even if one were to breathe to fourteen toxic gases are given off from
air that is heated to 300 degrees, he would the burning of the various things in a
die in a few minutes. house. Eighty percent of the people killed
Instead of opening the door, a person in house fires lose their lives because of
should first put his hand on the inside these gases.
panel. If it is hot, he should not open the
door under any circumstances, not even Get Out Quickly
in an attempt to save other members of No matter how small a fire is, get
the family. He would never make it everyone out of the house immediately.
across the threshold. He should leave the A woman who failed to do this lost her
door closed and awaken the others by children unnecessarily. She found a fire
pounding on it and shouting. They too, smoldering in a chair, but instead of get-
however, should know the danger of open- ting her children out of the house first
ing a hot door. Escape can then be made she ran to a neighbor for help. The two
through a window, and from the outside women carried the chair outside, but the
he can help the others escape. children, who had been sleeping upstairs,
But suppose the panel of the door is were found dead. The toxic gases from
not hot, what then? He might take a the burning chair had gone up the stair-
chance on opening the door, but with ex- way into their bedrooms and killed them.
treme care. To prevent it from being Other people make the mistake of try-
forced open by accumulated gases that ing to save some of their material pos-
are deadly, he should brace his body sessions before leaving the house, not real-
against the door with his face turned izing how quickly a fire ean spread and
away from the edge where the doorknob fill a house with deadly smoke. Just the
is. A foot should be placed against the few minutes some have taken in an effort
door at floor level to prevent it from being to rescue a few valuable possessions
forced open by the gases. Then he can caused them to lose their lives. One man
open the door carefully. If pressure is felt who discovered a fire in his basement ran
against the door ,it should be slammed upstairs to save his stamp collection and
shut immediately. If not, it can be opened some prized art objects. which he dropped
gradually, and the person can see if the to safety from a window, but he never
hallway is sufficiently free of smoke so lived to retrieve them. Material possessions
AWAKE!
18
can usually be replaced. but no family can when a fire warning is given and go at
replace the life of one of its members. once by the planned escape route to the
Is it not more sensible to save first what nearest exit. This promptness will mean
is the most valuable-your life? minutes saved during a fire, and that may
Once a person is outside he should stay be all they need to save their lives. An-
out. He makes a grave error if he runs other good habit for them to form is to
back into the house to rescue something. close the doors behind them as they leave.
Tpis should be impressed on the children This will help to bottle up the fire, slow-
in your family, as some children have ing its progress.
run back into a burning house to rescue It would be well for the family to go
a pet or a doll and never come out alive. through the motions of testing a door as
Mistakes have also been made in send· to whether it is hot or cool before open·
ing in an alarm to the fire department. jng it. Someone can stand on the outside
Taking the time to phone in an alarm of the door and call out "cool," and the
while still in a burning house may delay one inside can practice the proper man-
escape long enough to mean a person's ner of opening it.
death. The best policy is to get out first If an altermate escape route is through
and then notify the fire department by a second-story window. it would be well
going to an alarm box or to a neighbor's to install a rope ladder, such as is used
phone. to go up and down the side of a boat. This
Even if you think that you can fight can be kept in a neat box in the room
the fire, send in an alarm first. In the near the window, and the upper end of
event that your efforts fail, you will have the rope ladder can be securely fastened
professional help there before it can make to the wall. In a practice fire drill the
much headway. If you succeed, they are ladder should actually be used so every-
not likely to feel disappointed. one will become familiar with it and not
become fearful of using it when an emer·
Plan in Advance gency arises.
The indecision, confusion and panic that A good precaution would be to keep a
often strike a family when there is a fire lightweight ladder, such as an aluminum
can be avoided if the family plan togeth· one, located at a convenient spot outside
er in advance what everyone will do. An the house. If it is kept in a locked garage
escape route can be decided on for every it will be of little value in an emergency.
room in the house so everyone can get Perhaps it could be kept along the side
out as quickly as possible. An alternate of the house behind some flowers and
route can also be planned in the event the shrubbery. As part of the plan for getting
main one is blocked by fire or smoke. the family out of the house, this ladder
Actually using these escape routes from could be quickly set against preselected
time to time in home fire drills will im- windows by the first person out of the
press them clearly on the minds of every· house.
one in the family. As other members of the family get out,
The father should see to it that all in one could run to the nearest fire-alarm
the family understand that they must stop box where, in case of a real fire, he would
immediately whatever they are doing turn in the alarm. The father will want
OCTOBER 22, 1968 19
to instruct the entire family as to how to Warning System
operate the alarm, actually taking them A system that will give automatic warn~
to the box. While there he could warn the ing when a fire breaks out is of great val-
children against turning in a false alann ue because there is n'o assurance that any-
as a prank. one in the family will be awakened if the
Incorporated in the plans should be a fire happens at night. Many people have
spot where the family could gather when been killed in their sleep by the poisonous
they are safely outside. It will then be gases in smoke. An alarm that will au-
easy to ascertain if anyone is still in the tomatically make a loud noise in case of
house. Many frantic fathers have lost fire will give a family more time to es-
their lives by going back into a burning cape.
house thinking that a child was still there There are various systems that operate
when he actually had escaped. on a heat-detection arrangement. When
If a family lives in an upper floor of an the air around a heat detector reaches a
apartment house, its members can become certain temperature the alarm is activat-
familiar with the various escape routes ed. The father of a family that was saved
that are available to them. Their knowing by one said: "Without a doubt the fire-
what to do if smoke cuts off these routes alarm system, which is the sort of thing
is also important. They can practice stuff- I would not expect me to have in. the
ing rags into the cracks of the doors to house, saved us." When they looked back
keep smoke out. Actually doing this will at their blazing home, he said, they were
make everyone familiar with where the astonished that they were not still inside.
rags and the handiest tool for stuffing An alarm that will warn of smoke is
them into the cracks can be found. In an even more valuable, because smoke is so
actual fire they could protect themselves deadly. Seventy-five percent of home fires
from the heat by keeping these rags wet begin as slow, smoldering blazes that are
and gathering under wet blankets by the not usually hot enough to activate aver-
open windows to wait for firemen to res- age heat detectors but that could activate
cue them. The windows ought to be opened smoke detectors. Although a detection
at the top and bottom so that any smoke system that warns of smoke and fire can
that does get into the room will go out be expensive, it may save the lives of your
the top and fresh air will come in the family.
bottom. The tragic thing about the many deaths
Since young children have a tendency caused by fires in homes is that most of
to hide under a bed or in a closet when them are unnecessary. They could be
frightened, a father would want to train avoided by advance planning. Even if one
his children not to do this in case of fire. is not able to afford an alarm system, one
With patience they should be taught what can haove a fire-escape plan and fire drills.
to do, even if it is just standing near the You may never need them; but if you do,
window to await rescue. Firemen have they can mean the difference between
lost precious minutes searching under preserving your family and losing it. Why
beds and elsewhere for frightened chil- be indifferent to the danger of a fire and
dren. They should also be taught to roll allow your family to suffer another of the
up in a blanket or rug or even to roll on many fire tragedies reported in daily
the ground if their clothing catches fire. newspapers'?
20 AWAKE!
N HIS way home from
O work Friday, Fred
stopped by the bank and
deposited his week's salary.
He drew $20 cash for pock-
et money. It was the ordi-
nary procedure for wage
earners, or their wives,
each payday in a small
mi.dw~te.rn. oomm\l1\\t":J'.
Now, $20 seems like a
very small sum in view of
Fred's plans to leave
that evening by jet
plane on an overnight
trip to New York. But
~ed~~~~e~o;::~~~n ~~
pick up his round-trip
CONVENIENT and DANGEROUS
ticket. He paid for his fare by handing rode the elevator down to a men's shop
the young lady a laminated plastic card in the hotel lobby and purchased a new
itom )"lis wa11et. She fittea It Into a small tie. The clerk casually indicated a match-
machine and pressed a set of printed re- ing shirt, so Fred had him wrap that up
(Ceipt forms over it, so that the receipts to()-...--3.long with a set of enhancing cuff-
all picked up an imprint of Fred's name, links and a tie clasp. It was aU so casual
address and code number embossed on the -made him feel so affluent to charge
plastic card. He signed the receipts, these sundries to a credit card.
whereupon she gave him a copy Ilnd re- Credit cards have become so common
turned his card. in the United States that most of the
Later Fred's wife Dorothy drove him larger department stores issue tl1eir own
to the airport. On the way they stopped cards. One of the latest experimenters
at a gas station, paying for gas and oil with the credit card is the retail grocery.
in the. same U\.aUt1£J;:, tb.-i.", ti.lX'o.£ \.w5..:n'E, w..- 1.\"\. {'<I..~t, ~%~\. "'O.~"'j\"A\y,"b <;.';Q"rl \:Ie Van'rrcls~
other card. In New York Fred spent the with credit cards today.
night at a hotel, where payment for room For example, Fred, on the way back to
and other services was also effected by the hotel from his business appointment,
using still another card. "Amazing," happened to notice a shop featuring "fab-
thought Fred, as he drifted off to sleep ulous" imported tablecloths. It happened
that njght. "I could prolong a trip like to be a "closeout" sale, and there was
this, even bring my. wife along, travel far one beautiful handmade Portuguese speci-
and wide, stop at 11Ote1s like this one, men wi th napkins rnarked down to a real
rent cars, boats, almost anything, and "sacrifice." After all, Fred had been gone
charge it all up throtlgh credit cards." from his wife all of Friday night and aU
Next morning before his business aQ- da~ S2..t1J.\i:.da3. "R.;c q{~y,t..~ +"'\:r 1~:"'i:'""r% 7amn:
pointment Fred discovered that a }1ecktie a present for her, and it was so etlsy with
had been crumpled in his .suitcase, so he the little plastic card.
OCTOBER 22, 1968 21
During the flight home he surveyed his -reveals the wide range of goods and
resources, and realized that he still had services available. It is recognized at over
most of the $20 he started out with- 160,000 establishments-hotels, motels,
expense for taxis and bellhops having been restaurants, specialty shops, oil compa-
his only cash outlays. nies, airlines and car rentals. It is ac-
cepted as identification for purchase of
Convenient for Travelers traveler's checks at more than 300 of-
Credit cards were introduced in the fices of a prominent bank with branches
United States in the 1930's. They first ap- in 47 lands on 5 continents.
peared as a form of retail credit service, A competing card offers "instant" cred-
issued by department stores to preferred it at more than 315,000 cstablishmen1;.-<:;
customers. Ostensibly to make the shop- throughout the United States and 137 oth-
per's chore a bit easier, the main idea er countries. Card-holders are encouraged
was to entice more credit business. A to obtain ste-amship, rail, bus and air trav-
scattering of banks began, too, to sponsor elan current and time-payment plans. If
retail credit cards as a credit service for you need a secretary while you are out
participating merchants. of town, can you charge it? Yes, by
Then the larger petroleum companies means of this convenient credit arrange-
began to provide credit cards as a means ment, and a businessman can charge a
of extending credit near and far for busi- complete catering service for his next big
nesses, retail customers and travelers. conference-complete with food, flowers
Their system worked admirably, for a and even waiters.
petroleum company with nationwide out-
lets would be assured that no matter how Bank Credit Cards for Retail Shoppers
far or how long the card-holder traveled, Some more competition in the credit-
he would in the nature of things trade card businpss is supplied by the banks.
only at their stations. While travel companies cater to the trav-
In the 1950's so many oil companies eler and businessman, and require a rela-
were issuing cards that the independent tively high credit rating, the bank credit
service stations began honoring compet- cards are aimed broadside at the general
ing cards. At many stations today you can populace with little-perhaps too little-
use anyone of a number of cards. Too, regard to the individual credit rating. The
oil companies, through the credit-card average everyday shopper is the target of
system, arc offering a tempting array of the bank credit card, and 80 percent of
services and goods. Doubtless you have these are women. Apart from other con-
seen ads aimed at the family, featuring siderations, the aim of the bank card is
glorious, once-in-a-lifetime vacations, with to induce more and more shoppers to buy
rental cars, boats, skis, surfboards, not to more and more goods and services on
mention food and lodging-all chargeable credit.
on credit cards. Moreover, long-term bud- And the banks are into this business
get payments are encouraged. with both feet. In 1965 there were about
100 banks in scattered cities participat-
Credit Cards Go World Wide ing. Two years later it was estimated that
A look at the back of one of Fred's nearly ] ,500 banks in all parts of the
credit cards-the highest membership fee United States had plunged into some form
he pays for any of his cards is $12 a year of the credit-card business. They send out
22 AWAKE!
one itemized bill to their credit~card cus~ "there was one wife who grimaced rather
tamers each month. If paid within thirty than smiled when she saw the price on
days there is no interest or service charge. the credit·card receipt-even though it
If, however, payments are --stretched out was marked down to a fraction of the
over a longer period, there is an interest cost on the price tag."
charge, usually 11 percent per month on
the remaining balance, 'which, if calcuIat~ Invitation to Swindlers
ed on an annual basis, amounts to 18 per~ A more insidious side to the credit·card
cent interest. business is the trail of fraud and crime
that follows in the wake of the e2qlandtng
Conveniences volume of credit~card users. "Just two
In the use of credit l'aed", there are cer~ years ago," reminded Sale..<J Management
tainly advantages that Fred and other U";~ magazine in its issue of October 15, 1967,
ers will readily concede. One does not "the credit card industry's biggest worry
have to risk carrying around large sums was the college sophomore who took
of money. Nor is it necessary to worry someone's wallet full of cards on a Fort
about trying to cash personal checks when Lauderdale spring vacation spree." Two
away from home. And many users like the years, however, have seen undreamed·of
convenience of ~vel'ing a multitude of changes. "The 140 million credit cards
purchases with a single check each month. now in use add up to the marketing mir~
It is so much easier, some say, to keep acle of the decade, but organized crime
track of one's budget this way. \~ ml)v\ng in," "the ~ame maga2ine cau-
Of course, credit cards have to be paid tioned in an article entitled "Charge Now,
for by someone. Of late, most credit Pay Never."
cards aee issued free of charge. On the Here is a revealing case history, for
surface the merchants and participating example: "A repairman for the company
businesses pay for the service. Payment that prints Diners Club cards made a deal
by merchants is made in the form of a with mobsters to supply them with 5,000
membership fee, plus a sum ranging from blank cards, embossing machines, print·
3 to 8 percent of each purchase charged ing materials, and the names of Diners
on the card. But, in the long run, this Club members. The gang counterfeited
discount is tacked onto the retail price of the cards, then set up a nationwide net-
the purchase. That is why in some parts work or pushers. Post Office Department
of the country restaurants and other mail fraud inspectors smashed the scheme,
stores offer customers discounts for pay· but not before 200 cards were used for a
ing cash. Cash·paying customers, on the month, costing Diners Club $50,000."
other hand, often ask for a discount where -Sales Management, October ]5, 1967.
they see that credit cards are honored. In early 1967 a survey of the largest
"Too convenient" is the way some peo- oil company members of the American
ple appraise the credit~card arrangement. Petroleum Credit Association revealed a
They claim that it offers a strong temp· total of 16,600 pending fraud cases. By
tation to indulge in impulse spending, as mid-September 1967, the Diners Club "hot
in the case of our friend Fred. "About cards" had reached the figure of 11,314.
that Portuguese tablecloth I brought home Carte Blanche reported a loss of $12 out
to Dorothy," he admitted a bit red-faced, of every $1,000 worth of business in 1966.
OOTOBER 2Z, 196," 23
Meanwhile American Express had 250 se- Another congressman claimed that
curity officers on the watch in key cities credit-card abuses were reaching the pro-
throughout the world. It was planning to portions of a national scandal. He esti-
launch a touch-tone phone and computer mated that more than a million cards
linkup that would enable the company's are lost each year and about 300,000 sto-
250,000 business participants to determine len. Legislation is already under consid-
a card's status without delay. eration that would prohibit banks from
issuing any more cards unless certain
Bank Cards Loose a Crime Wave strict requirements are first met.
It is estimated that swindling in con- If you are a credit-card user, you do
nection with credit cards would produce a well to guard your cards as though they
loss in 1967 of from were cash, and to
.--------------.-----.-~.--
$20 to $50 million. destroy expired
Meantime the coun- COMING IN THE NEXT ISSUE cards or those you
try has been deluged • How to Comfort Others in Grief. do not intend to use.
with unsolicited • Deserts---I..ands 0' I..iving Marvels. Make sure all re-
• World Council of Churches Anemblu in
bank credit cards Sweden. ceipts you sign are
mailed out by fran- ._. __.___-._.,_..___.._J clear as to total price
tically competing and will not easily
banks. As described by one observer: admit of fraudulent changes. Never lend
"Just before Christmas, 1966, the big race your card. And if you lose one, report it
started. All the banks hit the mails with immediately-you will be held responsible
five million cards. Armed with sheaves of Wltil you do. Save all your receipts and
mailing lists, many overlapping, they in- compare them carefully with your month-
discriminately sent the cards all over the ly statements, for there are frequent er-
lot in an attempt to get a piece of the rors in the billing process.
juicy holiday sales." If you are not a credit-card user, weigh
The postal system was overburdened, well both the advantages and the perils
cards got lost, and amateur swindlers involved before you plunge into this
teamed up and roamed the stores, buying "easy" method of credit purchasing. Is it
goods under the $50 limit (above that worth the dangers inherent in the sys-
price the stores usually check with the tern? Is it worth while for you to pay
banks). The loss taken by the banks was the hidden charges plus the interest
immense. Meantime a congressional in- charges if you are unable to pay the
vestigation was touched off. Bankers were credit-card bills promptly? A more seri-
guilty of "highly unsound banking prac- ous question to be considered, too, is the
tice," according to one congressman. Said effect that this method of purchasing can
another official: "There is a mountain of have on both you and your loved ones.
evidence that a great many Americans Will you be able to withstand the urge to
don't know how to use credit. Our per- splurge? Can you avoid becoming rna·
sonal bankruptcy rate is three times high- terialistic? Will you know where to draw
er than it was ten years ago. Last year the line?
alone, the figure jumped by 13,OOO."-Ad- Remember, the credit-card system is
vertising Age, November 1967. dangerous, as well as convenient.
AWAKE!
Forty-sixth Graduating Class of the Watchtower Bible School of Gilead
In the list below, rows are nllmbered from front to back and names are listed from left to right in each row.
(1) Clink';l'ah·~. J.; :\Iaurischat, L.; Johnston, D.; Piedmont. D. Smith, K.; Elliott, E' Berry, L.; :\liteheJl, M.; Podlaitis. S.
(2) Yurkoll, C.; "'etherell, B.; Mahon, S.; I~e.·ett. A.; lJecker, S. DiLorenzo. A.; Hodges, J.; Mitchell, S.; Threlfall, A.; \Valker, B.
(3) Storer, ,J.; Sawula, D.; Howard, B.; Barber, A,; Ampy, S. Harkness, A.; Chase, 0.; Lavinia, M.; "telling, JlIf. (4) Austin, J.;
\Vestby, ~'.; Trost, H.; Tarr, L.; Gavette, E.; Bleich, R; Ovenell, P. Simmons, Y.; Bjerre, V.; Stelling, K. (5) Kyhe, A.; IJellinger, R.;
~~ Davis, H.; Charley, V.; Bleich, S.; Bonsell, E.; Clay, J.; Delgado, M. Jackson, M.; Hodges, N. (6) Linden, D.; Kaue, B.; Adams, C.;
Trost, D.; Petit, B.; Stroud, 0.; Zoryan, S.; Cimino. B.; Jauernick, G. Levett. K (7) Michaelson, .r.; Toews, M.; Storer, A.; Rinaldo, D.;
\Viekhorst, M.; Monezi, L; Minty, S.; Schoen, J.; Sundvall, R. \Viekhorst, R. (8) Bjerre, P.; Dani, S.; Yeargin, B.; Oberlloessel, F.;
,Jackson, M.; Lavinio, P.; Steinke, H.; Chapl.ell. N.; Bischof, \V. Dunuar, H. (9) Kaue, 0.; Clinkscales, T.; Trahan, A.; Dubrosky, M.;
Haagpnqpn, '1'.; Guindon, K.: Jonp~, B.; Libby. B.; \Vesthy. G. Lihhy, L. (10) Mallon. E.; Andl'eas,en. K.; SundvaJl, S.; Povlscn, P.;
]~arlH'l'. J.; ~\'litl'h(:ll, K.; Stroud, P.; Cimino, P.; Davis, Ie; S(>hne d(·t', F.; l\1ullrif.:.chRt. n.
Graduates of Gilead School Join Missionary Ranks
UST before Jesus Christ left the earth, sionary assignments. Since the beginning
J he instructed his fonowers to "make
disciples of people of all the nations."
of this unique missionary school, 4,664
persons have graduated.
(Matt. 28:19) He said that Christians Included among these are ninety-nine
were to be witnesses "to the most distant who graduated from the most recent class,
part of the earth." (Acts 1:8) And he the 46th, on September 8, 1968, in New
assured them that by means of God's holy York city. These students' came frory.
spirit he would be with them "until the eight countries: Brazil, Canada, Englana,
conclusion of the system of things." Denmark, Gennany, Italy, the United
-Matt. 28: 20. States and Turkey. While their average
Also, Jesus gave many identifying age was only 27.8 years, their devotion to
marks that would make up a great sign of God could be noted by the fact that be-
the times so that his future followers fore coming to school they had already
would know when the "last days," or been in the ministry an average of over
"time of the end" for this wicked system, eleven years each! Among this dedicated
had arrived. One of those identifying group of ministers were to be found
marks was that "this good news of the twenty married couples, seventeen single
kingdom will be preached in all the in- men and forty-two single women.
habited earth for a witness to all the na- Part of their training during the five-
tions; and then the end will come." The month course included learning a lan-
fulfillment of BibJe prophecy in our day guage. Fifty students studied French and
shows that without a doubt we are now forty-nine studied Spanish. This language
living in those "last days."-2 Tim. 3:1; training was very practical, as the ma-
Dan. 11:40; Matt. 24:14. jority were assigned to French- and
This means that the greatest preaching Spanish-speaking countries in Africa and
work ever accomplished would take place Latin America.
in our time. To all parts of the earth Graduation day began \vhen the presi-
earnest preachers of God's Word would be dent of the Watch Tower Society, N. H.
sent. They would be proclaiming the good Knorr, welcomed the audience of 2,045
news of God's established kingdom and persons, some of whom had come from
the fact that this wicked system is fast ap- distant lands by plane. The program in·
proaching its destruction at God's hand. eluded brief talks by the instructors of
This earth-wide preaching is being car- Gilead School and by other mature over-
ried on now by more than one million of seers as well. These speakers encouraged
Jehovah's witnesses in 198 lands. the graduates to put their training to
To accomplish the worldwide proclaim- good use by teaching others God's Word
ing of the good news more thoroughly, so it could accomplish God's purpose. But
the Watchtower Bible School of Gilead they were cautioned to expect opposition,
was established in New York State in as missionaries of Jehovah God would be
1943. - It provides intensive training for special targets of Satan the Devil. Indeed,
ministers to equip them for special mis- some of them may undergo persecution,
26 AWAKE!
imprisonment and suffering. Yet Jeho· looks into the Bible. There he can see if
vah knows what his servants are going he has the qualities God wants him to
through. Hence, these graduates were ad- develop. The speaker asked: "When you
monished to maintain their love for God, look into this book, do you see yourself?"
as GQd will maintain his love for them By continuftlly looking into God's Word a
and sustain them in their work. person can determine how God wants him
After these speakers, telegrams sent to act. Hence, he can change his course of
from many parts of the world were read. life to bring it into harmony with God's
These offered encouragement and ex- will. As the apostle Paul showed, many
pressed appreciation for the work the who were formerly practicers of vile
graduates would be doing. One group of things have done this and "have been
missionaries in Africa expressed the pre- washed clean." (1 Cor. 6:9-11) Yes, the
vailing sentiment when they said to the mirror of God's Word enables the indi-
graduates: "We are rejoicing with you on vidual to "put away the old personality"
this very happy day as you prepare to and to "put on the new personality" that
enter foreign fields of missionary work. conforms to God's righteous require-
We are thrilled at having nine of you join ments.-Eph. 4:22-24.
us in the Ivory Coast, and are anxiously
awaiting your arrival!" When the diplomas \\;erc given to the
students, it was also announced where
The vice-president of the Watch Tower
Society, F. W. Franz, then spoke enthu- each would be sent for missionary work.
siastically about the need to 'breathe' out This brought applause from the audience
spiritually healthful expressions. As a per- as they observed how widespread the
son's physical breath can tell something scope of the missionary activity is. Liter-
about his physical and emotional state, ally, "to the most distant part of the
so what he breathes out in expressing him- earth" they were being sent. (Acts 1:8)
self tells what kind of a person he is. By Truly, the grand preaching work is pro-
what he gives vent to he reveals his in- gressing marvelously, and this group of
ward self. Thus Jehovah can see by what new missionaries will give it added im-
a person 'breathes' out what kind of in- petus.
dividual he is, what qualities he displays, The graduates themselves expressed
whether those of God or those of the deep appreciation. One of their group read
Devil. The missionaries were urged to con- a letter in which the graduates said: "As
tinue being breathing creatures that re- never before in our lives, we have seen,
flect the qualities of God, demonstrating felt and experienced how Jehovah's or-
love, peace and kindness to those they ganization is directed by heavenly wis-
meet in their missionary assignments. dom." The letter also made evident the
The main discourse of the day was de- determination of the graduates, for they
livered by the Society's president, N. H. stated: "We will apply the storehouse of
Knorr. His thoughts centered about the knowledge and wisdom received, to the
theme of looking into God's Word as a best of our ability. And, with Jehovah's
mirror. A person spends time in front of help, the determination we all have is to
a literal mirror to see what his physical stay in our missionary assigmnents until
appearance is. However, he will be able to Armageddon, yes, even after Armaged-
determine far more about himself when he don, as long as Jehovah wants."
OCTOBER 22, 1968 27
twenty-five to fifty minutes each day,
usually during the night. The German
newspaper Stuttgarter Zeitung of March
12, 1966, commented on the discovery:
"Although this fact was previously un-
known to accepted zoology, it is not new.
Natural History Confirms In the eleventh chapter of Leviticus . . .
Bible Accuracy you can find it. . . . Thus, facts known
thousands of years ago can at times sink
-' -- into oblivion and then one day be an:
nounced as 'latest results of research!'"
HE animal creation testifies to the ex- As to the claim that the rock badger's
T istence of an all-wise Maker. Said
faithful Job: "Ask, please, the domestic
hoofed toes are doubly cloven, what are
the facts? Can it be said that this crea-
animals, and they will instruct you; also ture's front feet, cach having four toes
the winged creatures of the heavens, and terminating in hooflike endings, resemble
they will teU you. . . . Who among all the foot member of a "splitter of the
these does not well know that the hand hoof," such as a cow? No. Nor do the
of Jehovah itself has done this?" (Job rock badger's hind feet, each equipped
12:7-9) As Creator, Jehovah knows bet- with three toes and a corresponding mun-
ter than any man the creatures He has bel' of miniature hoofs or nails, bear any
made. It is only to be expected therefore resemblance to the cow's divided hoof.
that the book in which God has revealed Similarly, scientific investigation in this
himself would be accurate in every detail century has shown the Bible to be right
in its references to the creation. in referring to the hare as a cud-chewer.
Long has it been maintained by critics (Lev. 11:6; Deut. 14:7) It has been found
that the rock badger ("coney," AV), an that rabbits reingest their food by a pro-
animal resembling a large rabbit but hav- cess termed "pseudo-rumination." (For
ing short, rounded ears, short legs and further details see Awake! of April 22,
virtually no tail, is not a "chewer of the 1951, pages 27 and 28, and of April 22,
cud" as indicated at Leviticus 11:5 and 1963, page 19.)
Deuteronomy 14:7. Typical is the com- Another scripture that has been called
ment of one naturalist: "Hebrew law pro- into question is Deuteronomy 32:11: "Just
hibited their being eaten on the ground as an eagle stirs up its nest, hovers over
that they chew the cud but do not have its fledglings, spreads out its wings, takes
cloven hoofs-actually they do not chew them, carries them on its pinions."
a cud and have doubly cloven hoofs." Although some have doubted that ea-
Recently, however, the Bible's classifi- gles ever actually carry their young in
cation of the rock badger as a cud-chewer such a manner, a guide in Scotland is re-
has been vindicated. Zoologist Hubert ported by Sir W. B. Thomas as stating
Hendrichs, in observing rock badgers at that "the parent birds rof the golden
the Hellabrunn Zoological Gardens near eagle] after urging and sometimes shov-
Munich, Germany, noticed that these ing the youngster into the air, will swoop
creatures made peculiar chewing and underneath and rest the struggleI' for a
swallowing movements. He found that moment on their wings and back." An ob-
they actually do chew the cud from server in the United States is quoted in
28 A WAKE!
the Bulletin of the Smithsonian 1n.."Ititu· of the target to move across the back of
tion (Vol. CLXVrr, page 302) as saying: the eyeball on a curved path. Such a path
"The mother started from the nest in the is precisely plotted for the eagle eye so
crags and, roughly handling the young. that instead of a clump of cones the div·
ster, she allowed him to drop, I should say, ing bird has a curved path of cones. As
about ninety feet; then she would swoop the eagle zooms down, the rabbit in the
down under him, wings spread, and he grass is thus held in constant focus."
would alight on her back. She would soar Even where animals are used in illus-
to the top of the range wi'th him and re- trations, exactness of detail may be noted.
peat the process." G. R. Driver, comment- The prophet Nahum, fQ1' examl).'It<!. 'I.'.'0ffi-
ing on these statements, observes: "The pared Nineveh to a lair of lions, saying:
picture [at Deuteronomy 32:11J then is "Where is the lair of lions, and the cave
not a mere flight of fancy but is based that belongs to the maned young lions,
on actual fact."_PaleMine Exploration where the lion walked and entered, where
Quarterly, January-June, 1958, pages 56, the lion's cub was, and no one was making
57. them tremble? The lion was tearing to
At Job 39:29 mention is made of the pieces enough for his whelps, and was
farsightedness of the eagle: "From there strangling for his lionesses. And he kept
it has to search for food; far into the his holes filled with prey and bis hiding
distance its eyes keep looking." This har- places with animals torn to pieces."~Nah.
monizes fully with what has been discov- 2:11, 12.
ered by scientists. Observes Rutherford Nahum's description is in complete
Platt in his book The River' of Lite, pages agreement with what is known about the
215 and 216: family life of the lion. During the time
"We find the championship eyes of the the female is nursing the cubs, the male
whole animal kingdom ... [in 1 the eyes supplies her with food. Later he assists
of the eagle, the vulture, and the hawk. the female in bringing game to the den
So keen are they that they can look down for the cubs, which do not accompany
from a thousand feet in the air and spot their parents on the hunt until they are
a rabbit or a grouse half hidden in the half grown or even older. After making
grass. Sharp eyesight of the hunter eye is a kill, lions usuaIly devour part of the
caused by the reflection of the objcct fall- meat immediately, hiding or guarding
ing on a dense clump' of pointed, cone- whatever may remain to be eaten later,
shaped cell.s. This tiny spot in the back in effect, keeping "hiding places with ani-
of the eyeball absorbs light rays from the mals torn to pieces."
object through thousands of points, in a The above are just a few of numerous
special manner which summons up a clear examples illustrating that the facts of
image in the mind. For almost all hunters, natural history confirm the accuracy of
such as the skunk, the cougar, and our- the Bible. There is no need to bring the
selves, the single spot of cones is enough; inspired statements of God's Word up-
we look straight ahead and approach di- to-date. However, where man's knowledge
rectly the object of our gaze. But not so stands at variance with the Holy Scrip-
the eagle or the hawk, which, having fixed tures, in due course it is found that the
the rabbit in the grass with its sharp Bible is true, and man has to adiust his
focusing cones, ma~ then approach by a books to correspond with newly discov-
long, slanting dive. This causes the image ered facts,
OOTOBER £2, 1968 29
war. Rhinoceroses were fre·
quent visitors to the northern
province's of South Vietnam.
They are no longer seen there.
The rifles, bombs and artillery
have driven them away. Also,
where once green hills were,
now moonscape craters and
scorched dirt appear. Whole
forests have been smashed in·
to kindling by B·52 bomber
strikes. Many de(>r, tigers, ele·
phants, monkeys and wild..
boar have fled from SouUt.
Vi(>tnam into Cambodia. In·
sects that fed on leaves have
died quickly. Birds have mi·
grated to other forests. Man's
scientifi(' genius is making a
Consultlng the St.at'!! sional and nightmarish fear wasteland out of what was
<$ This has been a confound· that all my life's work has once a haven for wildlife.
ing year for news. Therc has been wasted, that science is, in
been more controversy, more fact, if not a monster, at best Dishonesty
surprise, more complexity a victim of man's determina· ~ A published Reuters report
than in any year within mem· tion to destroy himsclf and his from Paris stated that, accord-
ory, said Time magazine. The inheritance.' Dame Kathleen, ing to a French National In·
year has seen youth in protest, 65, Professor of Chemistry at stitute public- opinion poll of
political schisms, thc war in London University, listed the "ight countries, namely,
Vietnam, pearl" talks, assas· "horrors" that scientists had France, England, the United
sinations, a gold rush, the de· produced: from nuclear bomb!; States, Canada, the Nether·
valuation of the British pound, and chemical and biological lands, Switzerland, Sweden
France in upheaval, Czecho· weapons to ugly 'scientific and and Norway, almost everyone
slovakia invaded, birth control technological debris,' su('h as agrees that the world is be·
denounced by the pope. And, slag heaps and detergent coming more dishonest. In
as each week of upheaval and foam in rivers. She criticized 1960, only a slightly greater
unpredictable events gets writ· scientists for "washing their proportion of people in the
t&n into history, people's in· hands" of the consequence of United States said life was get·
terest grows more and more their research. 'I think that ting worse in terms of honesty
intensE'. As in Paris, many are one should not work in any than held the opposite opinion.
consulting the stars for the field of which the immediate Today, however, five times as
answer. In Paris, it is said and obvious application is evil many say "wors(:!" as say
there is one priest for evPrY and the good application ob· "bettf'r."
5,000 persons, one doctor for scure,' she said.
every 514, and one fortune- l\Iarriage of Militarism
teller for every 120 inhabi·
tants. France, it is said, has
34,000 full·time astrologers,
Hoarding Gold
* The Vatican reportedly has
bcen buying gold steadily since
* and Religion
Dr. Marvin Fox, Professor
of Philosophy at Ohio State
compared to 6,000 in America. January of this year and now University, told the American
According to the French Bu- has a standing order to buy Jewish Congress symposium
reau of Statistics, more is almost a half miHion ounces of United States and Israeli
printed on astrology in France every fortnight. So said S1(>- intellectuals: "In America, the
each year than on astronomy, fan Jean Rundt. head of S. J. synagogucs are for the most
physics and mathematks {'om· Rundt & Association, interna· part a failur(>." Amos Elon,
bined. tionally known economie con· Tel Aviv newsman and author,
sultants. Rundt said: "People said he was "shocked" by the
A Scientist Regrets buy gold because they trust a "militarization of faith" by
'*'Britain's leading woman
scientist, Dame Kathleen Lons·
dead metal more than they Israel's chaplain corps. "Torah
trust a Jive politician!" scrolls and machine guns side
dale, first woman president of by side, military weddings with
the British Association for the Among the War Victims the bridal canopy held up by
Advancement of Sdenc(', said:
'I have to admit to an oc('a·
'*'Men, women and ('hildren bayonets -these are manlfesta·
are not the only victims of tions of a kind of marriage
30 AWAKEI
of miUtarism and religion Sacred Birds A Dmg Epidemic
which disappoint tens of thou- .. It costs the taxpayers of .. Heroin addiction in Britain,
sands of Israelis who hoped India $35,200 a year to repaIr said William Paton, Professor
that establIshed rellgion in and maintain their parliament of Pharmacology at Oxford
Israel would be a force against building. Part of this sum is University, has become an epi·
militarism and for humanity." demic, and the death rate in
for cleaning the massive round the young heroin addicts is ten
Unwed Mothers structure, 560 feet in diameter, times the normal. A follow-up
+ Twenty years ago unmar- of droppings from pigeons, a
sacred bird that Hindus wUl
study of 168 young New York
ried mothers were primarily offenders Who used marijuana
street girls, cheaply dressed, not kill. has found that at least 40 per·
and who were looked down cent later began using heroin.
upon. Then the youngest un· Shot by a Pig
married mothers were usually
sixteen. But today the majority
+ A loaded rifle is dangerous Swaziland Independent
+ The tiny African country of
of unwed mothers come from no matter where it is. A .22 Swaziland, only some 1,000
so·called "good homes," and rifle was locked in the trunk square miles in size and with
the youngest unmarried moth· of a car with two small pigs. a population of 400,000, became
ers are now 12·, 13· and 14· The pigs were in a burlap an independent kingdom on
year·olds, so stated Brigadier sack. Mrs. NanC}' Marie, her Sf'ptcmber 6. It was the last
B. Palmer, who has been rna· husband and their two chilo British·held territory in Africa.
tron of Bethany hospitals dren went for a ride in their Swaziland, however, has had
throughout New Zealand for car. The mother suddenly the special status of a protect·
ed state and internal self·
n years. "We have one 15· slumped in the scat. Apparent.
government since April 25,
ycar·old," she said, "having Iy one of the pigs stepped on 1967. King Sobhuza II, known
her fourth illegitimate baby." the loaded rifle. It fired. The to his followers as Ngwen·
One in every three New Zea· bullet passed through the back yama or Lion, is 69 years old
land homes was connected and front scats of the car and and has been on the throne
with illegitimacy, Palmer said. killed the mother. since 1921.
~XXXX%%XXXZXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX111%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX%1XX11X%XXXXXJC
NOVEMBER 8. 1968
THE REASON FOR THIS MAGAZINE
News sources that are able to keep you awake to the vital ioues of our times must
be unfettered by censorship and selfish interests. "Awakel" has no fetters. It recognizes
facts, faces foctl, is free to publish facts. It is not bound by political ties; it is unham-
pered by traditional creeds. This magazine keeps itself free, that it may speak freely to
you. But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
The viewpoint of "Awake!" is nof narrow, but is international. "Awake'" has its
own correspondents in scores of nations. Its orticle. are read in many lands, in many
languages, by millions of persons.
In every issue "Awoke!" presents vital topics on which you should be informed. It
features penetrating articles on social conditions and offers sound counsel for meeting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent passes in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the fields of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious issues alert you to matters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences and points of human interest afe all embraced in its coverage. "Awake'" pro-
vides wholesome, instructive reading for every member of the family.
"Awake'" pledges itself to righteous principles, to exposing hidden foes and subtle
dangers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the establish-
m-ent of God's righteous new order in this generation.
Get acquainted with "Awakel" Keep awake by reading "Awake'"
n. Blbl. Iran,laUo. ,""Iarly 11M 1" "Awako!" I, tho It... World T,".,lallo. 01 tho Holy Sor!Ift ....., 1961 Idltlon.
Wh •• othir Iran,latl.n, ...... d, Ihr. 11 el.arly 'urkod.
CONTENTS
How to Comfort Others in Grief 3 Entertainers Become Witnesses 23
Defending Bible Truth in School 7
A Fiery Volcano and
Deserts-Lands of Living Marvels 8 Its 'Tranquil Neighbors 2.
The Star of David 12
World Council of Churches
Dogs and Cats 2.
Assembles in Sweden 13 "Your Word Is Truth"
Why Do Jehovah's Witnesses Would a God of Love
Meet in Assemblies? I. Destroy People? 27
Central America's Summit Conference 21 Watching the World 29
"It is already the hour for yo'~ to awake."
_Ro",on. 13,11
J/ow to eOJII/ortOthers
IN GRIEf
l)ERHAPS the majority of us will some- However, putting deep feelings into
r time during our lifetime meet persons words is not easy for many persons. Often
who are greatly distressed and need our they do not know what to say and so may
help. What can we say or do that will say very little. But this is not as objec-
comfort them? When friends suffer injury tionable as they may think. Some of the
or bereavement, we often want desperate- truest sympathy is conveyed through a
ly to console them, but do we know how? warm handclasp or an embrace.
When sending a letter or a card of con- If the bereaved want to talk of their
dolence, for example, what can we say loss, let them; in fact, encourage them to.
that will bring true consolation to the one As they speak, this will help the timid or
who is sorrowing? inhibited ones to speak up with words of
Many persons fall short of the mark encouragement and comfort. Sometimes
when it comes to offering true comfort to it is not what is said that counts as much
mourners. Embarrassed and uncomfort- as one's being present with the bereaved.
able in the face of deep sorrow or death,
they often do not know just what to say Apply Human Understanding
or do. Knowing just what to do when When comforting people in sorrow, it is
faced with this problem WOUld, in fact, be well to be understanding as well as com-
a comfort to the comforter. passionate. Comforting Bible talk can help
In order to be of greatest service to the some people escape from the silence that
grief-stricken one, one must be able to largely engulfs them. The warm thoughts
share his sorrow. This is not as hard as of God are uplifting and encouraging at
many people think. If you are normally moments such as these. But the principle
compassionate, then just be yourself. Your of moderation should be kept in mind.
presence will be felt and appreciated. Some hospitals advise being cheerful,
NOVEMBER 8, 1968 3
but here, too, the counsel needs to be Offering Firm Encouragement
qualified. A person with a heavy heart' A woman who keenly felt the loss of
may be in no position to appreciate ef- her husband was helped by what her doc-
forts at humor. Often a warm handclasp tor said to her. Months later she said:
along with a word or two of encourage- "My doctor had been justified in remind-
ment are all that are needed. A light quip ing me-a little sternly-that my situa-
may be misunderstood. The bereaved may tion was not unique, that millions of other
feel that the comforter is not aware of human creatures down the centuries have
the depth of his distress. So be under- known the feeling of being forsaken, the,
standing. physical frust~ation, the loss of zest fori
To share the sorrows of others is to life. 'Above all,' he said, 'don't be ashamed
give a portion of oneself. When Jesus of your feelings. You are flesh and blood.
Christ visited the family of Lazarus, he Just thank God for that!' " Many bereaved
did not feel called on to betray no emo- and depressed people have to be reminded
tions. No, he himself gave way to tears. of that fact. Firm reminders are often a
(John 11 :35) When tears are shed in sin- source of encouragement.
cerity, this lets the bereaved one know Evidently Christians in the apostle Pe-
that there are others who deeply feel the ter's day had need of similar advice. Writ-
loss too. Tears show not only feeling but ing to Christians who had endured much
understanding as well. suffering and who were about to endure
Christians, of all people, are compas- more, Peter said: "The same things in
sionate. They are, in fact, told to 'clothe the way of sufferings are being accom-
themselves with the tender affections of plished in the entire association of your
compassion.' (Col. 3:12) So it would be brothers in the world. But, after you have
quite normal for them to shed tears. Said suffered a little while, the God of all un-
an understanding friend to one who felt deserved kindness ... will make you firm,
utterly desolate: "Cry if you need to, but he will make you strong." (1 Pet. 5:9, 10)
please don't insist on crying alone." So This encouraging advice is timely today,
they sat together, sometimes talking and and Christians would do well to remind
sometimes not. Sometimes there was an suffering fellow believcts of it. There is a
occasional sound of tears and a sniffle. time when firmness can be an act of kind-
This bereaved person said that this under- ness resulting in encouragement and
standing person's quiet, compassionate strength.
manner gave hel' the strength she needed.
"It was what she did not do that helped Use of the Scriptures
almost as much as what she did," the be- A I timely discussion of the Bible's en-
reaved said. "She did not urge me not to couraging promises for the future can be
cry; she did not try to distract me with most upbuilding to those who suffer deep
constant chatter ... She simply gave her sorrow. Christians can guide the thoughts
presence as support, and I shall never for- of the mourner away from the immediate
get it." She was neither frightened nor tragedy to the happy times that were en-
embarrassed by tears. Neither should we joyed together in life. The hopeful prom-
be. Her quiet manner showed that she ises of God for the future concerning a
understood how to bear the sorrows of paradise earth can also be discussed.
others and thus was able to offer true (2 Pet. 3:13; Rev. 21:4, 5) Mourners gen-
comfort. erally are comforted by the thoughts of
A WAKE!
God. Deliver them from the heart and band. He was a servant in the congrega-
they may find their way to the heart. tion for many years. My absence at meet-
In the small book uMake SurG of All ings, I reasoned to myself, would be
Things; Hold Fast to What 18 Fine:~ un- completely understood, perhaps even ex~
der the heading "Death," on page 142, is pected by some. Yet an instinct told me
a collection of Scripture texts that could to take head~on the business of facing life.
prove invaluable on such occasions. Un- How thankful I was when my Christian
der the subheading "Cause of Death," brothers came by and insisted that I ac~
scriptures are listed to show that man was company them to the Kingdom Hall. It
created to live, not to die, that God warned gave me strength to do what I knew to
against the course that would lead to be right, but could not in my own strength
death. Under another subheading, "Condi- bring myself to do."
tion of the Dead," scriptures are present- Another woman who received aid said:
ed to show that a dead person is uncon- "The person who helped me most after
scious and inactive in the grave. And my tmcle died was a friend who dragged
under stiIl another subheading, "Deliver- me to the supermarket whenever she went
ance from Death," we find Bible proof shopping. I'm grateful that Anna persisted
that dead ones under the ransom, both against my stubborn protests." These ex-
the righteous and the unrighteous, will periences teach us that the bereaved must
be resurrected by the power of God. Here face life anew, and the sooner they do,
are talking points to help mourners. the better for them. However, at times
they will need the assistance of friends
Helping Brooders to prevent them from becoming over~
No one should want to ride roughshod whelmed by their own depressions and
over another person's needs for privacy sorrow.
and solitude, especially so during mo-
Friends, relatives and loved ones are
ments of sorrow. There are times when
naturally moved at times of sorrow to
the grief-stricken person wants to be alone manifest concern. This is right and prop-
and should be left alone, and a good friend er. The bereaved should fully accept this
can usually distinguish between the genu-
love that flows from those concerned. The
ine need and a kind of withdrawal and
many friends we have will help sustain
brooding brought on by depression. There
us with their manifestation of lbve and
is a tendency to want to shut the heart
concern during dark, troublesome hour£..
to others when a deep injury to the spirit
'People came with warm handclasps and
has been sustained, lest hurt be heaped
instinctive sympathy. The love that flowed
upon hurt. But there are times when
like a great tidal wave through our King-
friends must invade this area, to the good
dom Hall family blessed us all. I know
of the bereaved.
For example, a pioneer minister of Je- now that the healing process for any of
hovah's witnesses told of her experience life's sorrows can begin the moment we
following her husband's sudden death. She stop resisting them,' said one who had suf~
said: "After my husband's death, I de- fered much grief. It is a lesson from which
bated jn my mind whether I should attend we all can benefit.
the meetings at the Kingdom Hall as we
regularly did and to sit in our customary Comforting Children
spot. The Kingdom Hall, of all places, was Children who suffer loss are particular-
most intimately connected with my hus- ly sensitive and in need of tender, loving
NOVEMBER 8, 1968 5
care. A child's consolation may come Sending Cards and Letters
mainly in knowing that he is not only Today, with busy schedules facing so
loved but needed during the periods of many people, more and more persons go
sorrow. A wife said that her grief was to the store and buy sympathy cards.
diffused by worrying over her ten-year- Cards and letters are indeed proper ways
old son. The son, on the other hand, found to express our sorrow'· and sympathy.
his load bearable when told: "Now you're Every manifestation of interest, everr' vis·
the man of the house. You must be brave it, every card, every letter, every tele-
and encourage your mother during her phone call helps heavy-hearted mourners.
time of deep sorrow." The boy sensed his It tells them that someone cared enough
responsibility and tried his best to behave to break the stride of his own daily sched·
as a man. It helped him carry his load. ule long enough to express concern. Those
Three children, whose parents died sud- who wish to comfort the mourners in
denly in an automobile accident recently, these ways show that they are willing to
were encouraged with the Scriptural hope share some of the bereaved one's sorrows.
of the resurrection. They trusted so im- In addition to sending commercial cards
plicitly in God's promise to bring back with thought-out, printed messages, many
the dead that they were able to absorb persons like to add a few words of their
their tragic loss with only minor signs of very own. But what should one say? Put~
emotional disturbances. The daughter al- ting deep feelings into words is hard for
ways hopefully expressed to her school some. Even the simplest things are often
friends that she will see her parents in difficult to express in one's own handwrit-
the resurrection. Her faith never ceased to ing. What should one say in a card or
amaze those who listened to her. Her letter? Simply put down on paper the
relatives and friends helped considerably loving thoughts that moved you to write.
too by showing loving care for them, by A few words in your own handwriting, ex-
giving them things to do and demonstrat- pressed in your way, will likely carry
ing concern and love. more welght and warmth and meaning
Therefore, do not hesitate to discuss than all the beautiful commercial phrases
in the world. They are your words, your
with children the encouraging promises of
thoughts, your sentiments, and that is
God's Word about the resurrection and what counts. "I can't put things fancy,"
the coming paradise earth. Their little a letter began, "but I just want to say that
minds and hearts will flash with interest. your father was my best friend and every
You will be encouraged at the sight of child in the school looked up to him." The
their unwavering faith. Children take family cherished that letter above all the
great comfort in the words recorded at cards and other commercial notes that
Revelation 21: 4, which says that God they received. Why? Because it was the
"will wipe out every tear from [men'sJ person's very own, written from the
eyes, and death will be no more, neither warmth of his heart.
will mourning nor outcry nor pain be any
more." These hopeful promises need to be Continued Thoughtfulness
repeated to children over and over again, True consolation cannot be limited to
because they forget so quickly. And they a few days. It often needs to extend over
never tire of them. Each time' they are a period of time until the bereaved has
told their delight abounds. fully recovered from his loss. An individ·
6 AWAKE!
ual once made this observation: "The be.. taming others, and so forth. Doing a per-
reaved person is usually surrounded by son's household chores or shopping may
friends and cushioned by every comfort take a little planning and extra energy,
they can provide-at first. But what hap- but the rewards are unforgettable. Such
pens a few weeks later? The anesthetic of expressions never fail to have a healing
his initial shock has worn off. The sad effect on the bereaved. Their surprising
little tasks that kept him busy are all ac- effect is delightful. There may be errands
complished. The friends drift off to their that need to be run. Perhaps you can care
own concerns. He is left alone too soon." for some of these or provide transporta-
Where are those friends that flocked to tion. Anyone who has ever mourned can
his side during those early days? More
vouch for the lasting impact of such
than ever nOW he needs help. He feels
empty inside, lonely. Therefore, some well- thoughtful gestures in the lonely weeks
placed telephone calls, an invitation out to and months that follow the initial flurry
dinner, an occasional visit, a bunch of of attentive callers.
flowers, can be most helpful wecks and So it is not just one simple call or card
months after the shock of the tragedy that comforts a mourning one, but steady
has worn off. interest and care born of love, until the
How can friends further show their mourner finds strength to return to the
continued thoughtfulness? They can in- normal functions of life, to live to the
clude the bereaved one in their own ac- glory and praise of JehQvah, "the Father
tivities, taking that one with them on of tender mercies and the qod of all
trips, inviting that one over when enter~ comfol't."-2 Cor. 1 :1-3.
NE of the most common symbols associated unequivocally a direct link between that use
12 AWAKE!
nating government has gone. This is com~
plete. Christendom is over."
Hence, the main objective of the Assem·
I).R-.;:'.'
':-:'W""
'
, " '::,'
- -:-,.'
, . . , '"
bly, held at the university city of Uppsala,
Sweden, was said to be twofold: (1) to
·"""OU·
_'
·NC·
" -
IL decide about"the COlll1cil's continued work
in the future; and (2) to voice their views
F ~ on the most burning questions of the day.
\', 'p-'
,// In ~wf!df!n :~e~ c~o::t;~e~; theme from Rev·
_~. ~_,"'<"J'
.....,. _c
elation 21:5 (A V), which says: "Behold,
I make all things new." As Secretary-
"A CRISIS has overtaken the
of faith
churches more rigorous, perhaps,
General Blake said: "We hope that Upp-
sala 1968 will not be just an 'interesting
than was ever true before. Structures of Church meeting' but that it will mark a
church life and. congregational worship new era for Christianity."
are under serious questioning. The Bible
has increasingly ceased to be a book to Some New Things
be listened to. It is asked whether even One new item immediately became a
Jesus points beyond man to God." controversial issue. It was the new art-
This comment was made by the presi~ work that decorated the delegates' dining
dent of the Methodist Church of Ceylon. room. The artists had painted grotesque
His keynote speech marked the opening pictures making direct reference to man's
of the fourth General Assembly of the lust for money, the glorification of war,
World Council of Churches, at Uppsala, and the hunger that prevailed in the world.
Sweden, in July. For the first time since Other pictures depicted people crawling in
1961 the Council met to discuss the grave pain, with their intestines pouring out.
problems that confront the churches and The archbishop of Uppsala was called up-
to set the course for the future. on to inspect this in the hope that he
The Council represents 237 churches would con!femn it so that it could be re-
with about 300 million members, which moved. However, the archb.ishop said:
includes most major Protestant and East ~ "After all, they are really not worse than
ern Orthodox churches in the world. It the pictures that were painted on the walls
has been in existence for twenty years. of some of our medieval churches, where
During that time it has seen the prob- devils were tormenting people whose
lems of the churches multiply rapidly. bodies writhed with pain." The pictures
In fact, Eugene Carson Blake, the coun- remained.
cil's secretary-general, stated: "We are in A new item, too, was the way the ser~
a secularizing age, and therefore the idea vice in memory of Dr. Martin Luther King
of the church dominating culture or domi- was held at Uppsala's Gothic cathedral.
NOVEMBER 8, 1968 13
Said the publication Uppsala Nya Tidning edy for world distress highlighted to build
of July 19: "It had a form perfectly in faith?
keeping with the theme of renewal which No. 'On the' contrary, additional con~
has been the guiding line in the Assembly. fiicting ideas of men were brought forth.
The program was made up of several One of the more prominent of such ideas
components which are often hard to com~ was promoted by the representative of the
bine: Jazz in a Gothic cathedral, come~ Church of Northern India. Among the
as~you~are~style at a church concert." main speakers, he told the delegates: "If
Another of the new things that occurred we believe in progress and development
at UppsaIa was reported on by the New let us not flinch at disorder and instability.
York Times of July 24: "Standing with •.• I would not condemn those who re-
her eyes closed and her feet close together, sort to violent action in order to bring
a young woman allowed her limp body about justice in society."
to be passed slowly from hand to hand Some who attended the assembly rec-
by four men standing in a small circle. ognized that such counsel was not at
'The purpose is to see how much we are all in line with what the Bible teaches.
willing to trust ourselves and each other,' Said Dr. David Hedegard, a translator
said the leader. Then each of the five par- of a modern-language "New Testament":
ticipants walked up to the others one at "There has been all too little spoken of the
a time, touched them on the hands or Christian faith." Noting that the Council
shoulders and told them 'what I like most recommended political action, he conclud-
about you.' . . . the occasion was an ex~ ed: "From the Christian biblical and theo~
periment in 'experiential' worship." How- logical viewpoint, the assembly was worse
ever, one participant walked out in the than expected. . . . It dealt with things
middle of it, stating strongly that he was that, according to the Bible, were outside
not willing "to caIl it the worship of Al- the Church~s commission and there was
mighty God." for this reason the risk of worldliness and
a watering down [of the faith]."
Also new to the Swedish church was
the sale of candles just inside the entrance That Dr. Hedegard was right in his ob-
to the cathedral. At the booth a placard servations is borne out by one part of the
exhorted: "Take a candle, light it and put report issued by the Assembly, which said
it on the tree." The tree was a metal fig- that the churches must work toward a
ure called "The Tree of Reconciliation." change of political conditions so that all
Suggested too was this prayer: "Oh, God, get a right to participate in the governing
I give this candle as a visible prayer: of their country. Yet, nowhere does the
Unite the world's nations, races and Bible authorize Christians to do this.
groups in peace, justice and fraternity." Another critical voice was that of the
Yet, nowhere in the assembly was it ex- delegate from Colombia who said: "The
plained, as the Bible so clearly does, how assembly is a step backward, because its
God has purposed to do this. interest is first· of all the problems con~
cerning how the Church is to keep her
What Spiritual Uplift? pOSition, her esteem and respect, her in~
What about the expectations for renew- fluence in the world."
al, for spiritual uplift, for godly counsel Similarly, another delegate, a teacher,
in these troubled times? Was God's rem- at an Orthodox seminary in India, said:
14 AWAKEl
"The World Council of Churches wID hOW they should be politically efficient."
never be able to accomplish anything. It It also recommended the use of violence
is governed by a small faction that is eager to achieve social change if no other way
to keep exercising power, and as soon as was open.
someone steps' forward with a good sug· Yet, God's Word teaches the opposite.
gestion and a strong will to get some- It plainly says: "A friend of the world is
thing done, he is pushed back, mterrupted constituting himself an enemy of God!'
or placed in some harmless position." (Jas. 4:4) Jesus Christ said: "They [true
Christians] are no part of the world."
Interfaith Promoted (John 17:16) He also declared: "My king-
The ecumenical spirit was strongly pro- dom is no part of this world. If my king-
moted. Although the Roman Catholic dom were part of this world, my atten-
Church is not a member of the Council, dants would have fought." (John 18:36)
she sent observers to the assembly, as did And God's Word also states: "Not paying
the World Council to the Second Vatican back injury for injury ... seek peace and
Council in Rome. And Pope Paul VI sent pursue it."-l Pet. 3:9, II.
a message in which he said: "We pray Hence, the recommendations of the
to the Holy Ghost that He may inspire Council are in glaring opposition to what
your work and grant it full success. All God's Word teaches. Nor did the CoWlcil
that you are doing to further unity be- mention that God's kingdom is the one
tween all Christians will be blessed by the and only hope for mankind. This kingdom,
Lord." th\s government, was the central teaching
A report approved by the General As- of Jesus. (Matt. 4:17) He told his true
sembly regarding the Council's relations followers to pray for it because the King-
with the Roman Catholic Church stated: dom is the agency that God will use to
"The World Council of Churches welcomes bring an end to this wicked system of
a decision by the Roman Catholic ChUrch things. It alone will usher in an era of
to form a group in cooperation with this peace, happiness, health and life for man.
And this vital teaching was ignpred by
Council that should work out an outline
the Coundl!-Dan. 2:44; Matt. 6:9, 10;
for cooperation between the churches." Rev. 21:1-5.
The Council also stated: "We want to No, there will be no "new era" for
speed up the unification of churches and Christendom's churches as Secretary-
seek a fuller unity with those churches General Blake hoped for. Instead, God's
that have not yet come into fellowship Word shows that such churches can ex-
with us." pect His fiery judgments to be C'xecuted
against them. Why'? Because they have
God's Blessing? abandoned God's truths and have misled
Will such efforts be blessed by God? millions of others to do the same. It is just
Will the pope's prayer for success be an- . exactly as Jesus said of the religious lead.
swered? Well, why have not such efforts ers of his day: "You have made the word
been blessed in the past? Why have these of God invalid because of your tradition.
churches seen their problems worsening if •. , It is in vain that they keep worshiping
they are supposed to have God's blessing? me, because they teach com~nds of men
In its final report, the Council recom· as doctrines."-Matt. 15:6-9; 18:6; Rev.
mended: "The churches have to teach men 18: 4-8.
NOVEMBER 8, 1968 15
Why Do Jehovah's Witnesses Meet
"WHYwitnesses
do Jehovah's
hold
conventions?" That was
one of the many ques~
tions a sincere searcher
for truth asked one of
Jehpvah's witnesses who
had come from New
York city to Lewiston,
Maine, for the purpose
of attending the "Good
News for All Nations"
District Assembly being held there July 4 and the Bible principles that should gov-
through 7. The questioner himself had ern the lives of Christians. They were also
come thirty miles to get his questions an· happy to learn of a six-month Bible-study
swered. course using this textbook.
Why do Jehovah's witnesses hold con- Those attending these assemblies also
ventions? Why do they enjoy these so had stressed to them the importance of
much that in the United States an estimat- letting God's work come first in their
ed 25 percent attend more than one? Why lives and learned of the great need for
are the assembly crowds so great that, more ministers in many lands. Very stim-
time and again, closed-circuit television ulated were they to receive the reports
has been used to bring dramatic presen- of the increase in proclaimers of God's
tations to overflow crowds in adjoining Word during the past year and of the
halls? Why? Because of the blessings of great distribution of Bible literature, the
giving and receiving that these provide. greatest ever. They also learned about the
These assemblies help them to be better planned activity for the coming year and
Christian witnesses of Jehovah, as regards about the large international assemblies
both their conduct and their field minis- in prospect during 1969. No question about
try. Further, these assemblies also serve it, these assemblies better equipped them
to advertise God's name and kingdom, inboth mind and heart for their ministry.
even as was amply illustrated by the more The Witnesses also gained an increased
than 120 assemblies held in upward of 25 appreciation of all that God and the "good
different lands in the northern hemisphere news" have done for them, and how happy
this past summer. their lot and how light their load are com-
Thus, with regard to their ministry, . pared to those of the world! Those whose
those attending these assemblies were de- mates were unbelievers learned how to
lighted to receive one of the finest Bible deal with their problem, and parents had
textbooks for teaching beginners yet pub- their obligations clearly spelled out to
lished by the Watchtower Society, The them. All were counseled to build one an-
Truth That Leads to Eterncl Life. In clear, other up both by word and deed, to get
simple and direct language it presents the along peacefully with one another and,
basic Bible truths essential to salvation above all else, to guard their heart by
16 AWAKE.'
paying more than the usual attention to Rhode Island, assembly, a convention bus
the counsel found in God's Word. Espe~ service bringing the Witnesses back and
cially helpful were four beautiful, touch~ forth.
ing and gripping dramas that underscored One official in Toulouse, France, e:x~
the value of the BIble in our day. pressed great admiration for the way the
The problems of youths were thorough- Witnesses were able to get over 800 rooms
ly dealt with, by means of dramas, lec- by going from house to house; but 2,000
tures and experiences. They saw illustrat- more were housed in two large exhibition
ed the folly of many modern youths and halls. Noteworthy also was the way the
the blessings that come from following public responded. In Ottaw~ Canada.,. 633
Bible principles. These programs, both by rooms were given free to the Witnesses
and for youths, clearly communicated with to use, and seventeen householders turned
them and proved that there was no "gen- over their keys. In Ventura, California,
eration gap" among these Witnesses. some 50 percent of the rooms were given
One of the high points at each assembly free by the public. Among the homes
was the baptism. An enlightening dis- turned over for the use of the Witnesses
course told of the response that those with on Vancouver Island was one that rented
honest, wise and loving hearts make when for $250 a month. Sometimes aid came
they hear the good news, namely, they from an unexpected source. Rooming work
dedicate themselves to do God's will and was going rather slowly in Sheffield, En-
are baptized. During these assemblies gland, when the bishop there made a vit-
17,613 were baptized. In Washington, Tio\ic attack on the Witnesses' efforts to
D.C., the baptism was held right on the get rooms. One lady was so outraged that
convention grounds, an eighteen-foot she phoned the rooming committee and
swimming pool, rented for the occasion, offered accommodations for ten. Also, a
serving ideally. In Ottawa, Canada, an personal friend of the bishop phoned to
abandoned quarry was used. say that previously she had tmned down
a request for rooms, but in view of the
Serving and CoopeJ'ation bishop's umvarranted attack, she would
Finding rooms for conventioners was be glad to provide accommodations for
one of the many ways in which Witnesses two. Eventually enough accommodations
were able to cooperate and serve their were found for all.
Christian brothers. It took from two to
There was also much cooperation in
six hours to fmd an accommodat'l.on, de-
getting food for the assemblies. In Palm
pending upon the housing situation; and
Springs, California, hundreds of Witnesses
this time those living in the host city were
got up early July 4 to 6 and worked from
glad to devote. One Witness inquiring for
4 to 11 a.m., picking fifty tons of grapes
rooms in the Kitchener-Waterloo area in
for various assemblies, there being a
Canada could hardly believe his ears when
grape pickers' strike on at the time, Tons
the gentleman at the door, after pausing
of these grapes were shipped to assem-
a moment, said, "I would like to oblige
with 700 rooms." It turned out that he blies as far as 3,000 miles away. For the
was the warden of Waterloo University Inglewood, California, assembly some Wit~
Villaw'. In the Lewiston, Maine, area three nesses traveled as much as 350 miles to
colleges turned over upward of 250 rooms, gather thirty-nine tons of fruit and thir-
and a college dormitory housed a thou- teen tons of vegetables, all of which was
sand Witnesses attending the Pawtucket, gathered from fields already harvested
NOVEMBER 8, 1968 17
and would have been plowed under. Wit- Minot, North Dakota, Daily News told
ness farmers around Memphis, Tennessee, about the assembly in that city, and The
donated tons of foodstuffs for the assem- Voice Chronicle of Corpus Christi, Texas,
bly there. In Eureka, California, volun- in addition to a large front-page story, de-
teers went out in the woods and picked voted its entire back page to reprinting
three htmdred gallons of blackberries for the Spanish convention program, volun-
assembly meals. tarily sponsored by the local hotels and
And all this activity in connection with motels. And nearly all lands reported by
the assemblies was not only a model of 'far the best publicity ever.
cooperation but also a model of efficiency. As a result of these assemblies there was
City and state officials took motion pic- also much advertising of Jehovah's name
tures as well as other pictures of the op- and kingdom by means of the radio and
eration of the cafeteria and other depart- TV. In Washington, D.C., thirty-one hours
ments. At one assembly in Denmark, of radio time and seven hours of TV time
Witnesses managed to park 580 cars in told about the Witnesses and their assem-
a place where usually only 370 were bly. In Pawtucket twenty-one hours of
parked. The stadium inspector asked for radio and two and a half hours of TV did
details so as to show his own men that it the same, and it was similar in many of
can tie done. At Columbus, Ohio, the as- the other assembly cities in the United
sembly's sound department amazed the States and other lands. Radio stations
professionals who had furnished the sound gave news stories, interviews and the
for Billy Graham's program in the Stadi- thirty-minute recorded program "The De-
um for $10,000. They asked all kinds of cisive Generation." TV stations presented
questions, because of the clarity and lili- similar news stories and interviews and
formity of the reception. the half-hour movie, "Heritage," dealing
with family life and youths' problems.
Advertise God's Name and Kingdom One of Washington's leading TV stations
Nor is there any question about these gave a half hour of prime time Sunday
assemblies serving to advertise God's morning to an interview of several Wit·
name and kingdom. For example, The nesses regarding their beliefs and activi-
Daily Sun of Lewiston, Maine, would not ties, and that in color. A Baltimore radio
normally have published information personality interviewed the Witnesses for
about God's name and kingdom, but it did an hour and was greatly impressed with
consider the assembly held there news- what they were doing for youth and ob-
worthy; so much, in fact, that it had a served that what made the Witnesses
large front-page picture about the assem- stand out from the rest was love.
bly each day. All together, 1,300 cohunn rn particular do these assemblies serve
inches of publicity resulted from this as- to make known God's kingdom because of
sembly. the advertising given the main talk by
This was typical of most assembly neady every conceivable means as well as
cities. The Washington, D.C., assembly re- by the talk itself. The subject, "Man's
ceived more than 6,000 column inches of Rule About to' Give Way to God's Rule,"
publicity; the one in Albuquerque, New was truly good news. Forcefully this lec-
Mexico, more than 4,000; the one in Paw- tUre showed how man's rule. begun in
tucket, Rhode Island, more than 1,600. A Eden, has been dominated by Satan tbe\
large front-page illustrated story in the Devil, and how the facts today show that
18 AWAKE!
man is unable to govern himself properly. commWlity that is torn with racial strife.
From the fulfillment of Bible prophecy we It would be a privilege to me, as the Com-
know that soon God will take a hand in mander of the National Guard in Wash-
man's affairs and have His: rule replace ington, D.C., to have 50- to 55,000 people
man's rule. At assemblies held in more about whose conduct 1 would not have
than 120 cities in some 25 lands upward to be concerned visit this city." Of course,
of 920,000 heard this talk. In a nwn~ the convention went off peacefully, fully
ber of cities it was broadcast either "live" integrated.
or at a later hour. In Surinam the atten- A police officer assigned to the Olympia
dance at this public lecture was 1,509, Stadiwn, Detroit, Michigan, bore like tes-
more than three times as many as there tfmony: "Ever since you people have been
are Witnesses in the entire country! here we have been having so few calls.
It's just like in the winter at midnight.
«Fine Works" Get Recognition Usually at this time of the year we hardly
Their assemblies also help the Witness- have time to eat our lunch. But since the
es to fulfill Jesus' Witness convention
command: "Let your has been here it's so
light shine before ARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE quiet we just can't
men, that they may • Pollution of the Air, Water and Land understand why."
see your fine works Is Ruining the Earth. Incidentally, the
and give glory to • Pope's Birth~Control Ban Stirs Olympia Stadium,
Dissent.
your Father who is where the Witnesses
in the heavens." .held their assembly,
(Matt. 5:16) Among such fine works that is right in the heart of the area that was
the public press took note of was the ra· racked with riots a year ago.
cial harmony of the Witnesses. Repre- In Trondheim, Norway, a man who had
sentative is the article that appeared in permitted 300 Witnesses to tent on his
the St. Petersburg, Florida, Times, July large plot of land near the assembly af-
14, 1968, entitled "Witnesses Practice Ra- terward stated: "I am very impressed.
cial Harmony." It said: "'Black and white How is it possible for so many to live so
together.' The Jehovah's Witnesses don't peaceably together? What is even more
sing about it, they just practice it. Not surprising is the good behavior of the
only has the convention been a massive children of Jehovah's witnesses. It has
example [peak attendance was 16,577J of been a pleasure to have Jehovah's wit-
racial harmony with black and white wor- nesses live here, and you are welcome
shiping together, but it has tucked some back some other time."
700 Spanish-speaking Witnesses into its
programs without a murmur." NeWSPCfper Editors Impressed
That is why, when some opposition to Carrying their own particular weight
the Witnesses using the Washington, D.C., in favor of the exemplary conduct of JeM
Stadium developed, one of the members hovah's witnesses were the newspaper edi·
of the three-man armory board could torials and feature stories published in
state: "1 am convinced that we as the addition to the news coverage previously
Armory Board should work toward hav- referred to. Here again Jehovah's name
ing these people in the city of Washington. and kingdom received fine indirect pub-
It will be a stabilizing effect upon our licity as the following few examples show:
NOVEMBER 8, 1968 19
The Rochester, New York, Democrat And on Tuesday, July 9, 1968, the
and Ohronicle, July 13, 1968, on the third Lewiston Daily Sun, under the heading
day of the assembly had this to say, under "A Remarkable Convention," said: "It
the editorial heading "Welcome to the brought over 6,000 persons to this city,
Witnesses": yet there was no fanfare, no disruption of
"The community welcomes warmly the community life ... There was a quiet dig-
thousands of Jehovah's Witnesses who have nity in the proceedings which was exem-
come to Rochester for their district assem· plary . . . Regardless of one's religious
bly. Few gatherings of such size could rival
this one for efficiency, orderliness and shf'f'r beliefs, . . . this was an unusual demon-
good humor. Th(' Witnesses, each one 01 stration of faith which was in itself up-
whom is a "minister, are sufficiently different lifting. It was a fine example of how a
in some of their beliefs to be controversial. convention should be and can be held, as
... But because this is a democratic country, well as clear proof of the seriousness with
their right to be different must be respected.
"And however much people of other faiths which these people take their Christian-
may disagree with some of their interpre· ity."
tations of the Bible, the beliefs of the And editorialized the Washington, D.C.,
Witnesses are deeply and sincerely held. Thf' Daily News, July 18, 1968:
Witnesses give the impression of living their
religion daily. Walking among them and "We like what we have seen of them
watching them at work makes it impossible -such clean, honest, simple, upright people .
not to be aware that these are warm, . . . Their strong regard for decent personal
animated, clean·living people. At a time in conduct is a refreshing tonic for a city
our society when so many parents and chilo whose citizens have been undergoing some
dren seem to go their own ways, the prom· organizing struggles with the problE'ms of
inence at the assembly of family groups j~ behavior . . . They are not here to ask for
noticeable. It's a pleasure to have theln in anything, they say, but are 'simply here to
town." champion the Bible and its principles as
And the Twin-Oity Sentinel, Winston- the only workable solution to solving man·
kind's ills.' In this we wish them well."
Salem, North Carolina, July 16, had the
following to say about the assembly in the No question about it, the conventions
"Church Notes" section under the cap- held by Jehovah's witnesses accomplish
tion: "Jehovah's Witnesses Are Praised": much good. If you have never attended
"It might well be that the cleanest reli· one, be sure to do so at your next oppor-
gious convention has com£' to a close in tunity and experience for yourself hmv
Winston·Salem ... As Neil Bolton, Colisf'um muc'h joy and benefit one can gain from
manager, put it: 'Without reservation, that's them. You may well feel like the queen
the deanE'st, most orderly bunch of people
that has been in the coliseum in the nearly
of Sheba, who, upon seeing King Solo-
10 years J haW" been there.' IIe added that mon's splendor, exclaimed, "I had not beell
in meetings with other coliseum managers, told the half." (1 Ki. 10: 7) Or you may
the word is 'get the Jehovah's Witnesses even feel -like one of her modern counter-
to meet in your facilities if you want your parts, a woman who came to one of the
place cleanE'd because they'll go over it with
a toothbrush.' . . . Bolton said hE' 'didn't
assemblies in Norway. She had been a
know about their theology, but I do know student of theology but recently began
that they are the cleanest and hardest work· studying with Jehovah's witnesses. She
ing people I ever saw and the best disei· became so enthusiastic about the assem-
plined people I ever saw.' Others commented bly that she sent two telegrams to her
on their neatness in dress and speech, the
orderliness of their meetings . . . 'It's an
son, telling him: "If you want to experi-
education to me,' Bolton said of the Wit· ence heaven on earth take the first plane
nesses, 'and I believe to the community too:" and coml? here. I'll pay the ticket."
20 AWAKE!
CENTRAL AMERICA'S SUMMIT CONFERENCE
By "Awake!" correspondent in H Salvador ucts cannot all be sold due to qUotas -in
other countries, or when they are sold at
I;'X)R seven years, five Central Ameri- a very low price on the world market.
r can countries have endeavpred to Then again, for generations much of the
coordinate their economic efforts much as land has been cultivated without good
Europe has with its Common Market. conservation practices being employed.
Central America's Common Market is This has resulted in making large areas
made: up of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Gua- unproductive, and much waste has taken
temala, Honduras and Nicaragua. These place due to erosion.
countries contain thirteen million people While the United States is the main
in all. buyer of what EI Salvador produces, it is
Despite an almost sevenfold increase of also the principal supplier of heavy ma·
trade among its members, it became ob- chines, industrial products and other
vious ij1at this Common Market was be- equipment. In this interchange, the fig·
set with grave problems. ures show that EI Salvador buys more
than it sells. Thus in the last five years
Problems the United States has built up a trade
EI Salvador is an example of the kind balance in its favor of more than 88 mil·
of problems confronting the Common 1ion 0.011ars, a very significant figure lor
Market members. EI Salvador is the small- such a small country as El Salvador.
est country in Central America; Indeed, in Then, aside from territorial disputes
the entire Western Hemisphere. It is very between EI Salvador and Honduras, some
hilly, with two-thirds of its land area bro- private sectors of the economy in mem·
ken up by deep gorges and ravines. Yet, ber nations object to all-out economic in·
with a population of 2,918,000, it is the tegration for fear it would adversely af·
most densely populated, with about 139 feet their products. In addition, the
persons per square kilometer (less than prospects are poor for each country ex·
four·tenths of a square mile). porting all of its basic products.
The lifeblood of the country is agricul· Hence, the general opinion of economic
ture, mainly coffee, cotton and sugar, experts was that the Central American
which account for 75 percent of the na· Common Market would grow at a much
tional income. Coffee is the chief export slower rate in the future. To try to over-
and has been exported for over 100 years. come some of the problems, better co·
It is believed that the mountainous nature operation, understanding aNd leadership
of the land makes any other crop but were needed. Also needed was more man·
coffee impractical to plant. Due to careful ey. For these reasons the presidents of the
cultivation and using every available sec- five Central American countries came to·
tion of land, EI Salvador produces more getber in a summit conference.
coffee per square foot than any other
coffee-producing country. A Historic Occasion
However, serious problems arise for the The host country was El Salvador. For
entire country when its agricultural prod- the first time in its history it would be
NOVEMBER 8, 1968 21
visited by five presidents at one time. A that they have achieved in these nations
summit conference of the Common Mar~ for the betterment of the people's lives.
ket was to be held July 5~7 in the capital I have come to ask what else there is tbat
city, San Salvador. The presidents of Cos~ we can do together."
ta Rica, Guatemala, Honduras and Nica- One thing that the huge North Ameri-
ragua would attend, as well as the presi- can neighbor could do was to supply the
dent of EI Salvador. And their special all-important commodity that these Cen-
guest would be President Johnson of the tral American countries needed-money.
United States. Thus, President Johnson announced that
With only a few days' official notice of his country's contribution would be a huge
the visit, the Salvadoran hosts had much 65-million-dollar loan to help the member
to do. Huge work gangs planted trees and nations work out their problems. It was
shrubs in attractive patterns along the a super vitamin pill for the ailing patient.
highway that leads into the city. Welcome When the conference came to a close,
banners blossomed. Portraits of the presi- a statement was issued. It was called
dents and their wives sprang up all over '''The Declaration of the American Chiefs
the city. of State." Its principal points were the
Because of the recent terrorist activity acknowledgement that strength comes
in Guatemala, and the assassination of through unity and that economic integra-
Senator Robert Kennedy one month pre- tion was the best means of achieving it.
viously, the security of the visitors was A,lso, it was agreed to form a special
of great concern. Hundreds of secret ser- court that would rule on Common Market
vice men, police officials and other secu- difficulties when all other national means
rity guards arrived in the city several had been exhausted.
days before the conference. And along the Soon the meetings were over. The presi-
route of the presidential cavalcade soldiers dents flew back to their respective coun-
and police were stationed every fifty feet. tries. Another high-level meeting of heads
As each of the presidents arrived at the of state had produced another document,
airport on July 5, they were greeted by a the goals of which were noble. Yet, the
twenty-one-gun salute. They were also harsh reality is that in spite of such sum-
greeted by the diplomatic corps as well mit conferences, common markets and
as the representative of the pope in Vati- other efforts of experts in all fields, the
can City. political and economic problems of this
entire world are not really being solved.
The Meeting In most cases, such problems continue to
The purpose of the summit conference grow in intensity. Only under God's king-
was to exchange opinions among the pres- dom, for which Jesus Christ taught his
idents and to discuss common problems followers to pray, will all the problems of
and methods' of solving them. mankind be solved in a permanent way;
President Johnson stated: "I have come and not for only one small region of
to San Salvador to learn, I have come to earth, but for the benefit of mankind
know through my colleagues, what it is everywhere.-Matt. 6:9, 10; Dan. 2:44.
22 AWAKE!
Entertainers Become Witnesses
MONG the people most difncult to find at 'Today the husband is the assistant to the
26 AWAKE!
raised: WOUld a God of love destroy dis~
obedient people?
S That God would do so is apparent from
have originated the idea that the present ijIn that new system of things after
system of things is beyond reform. It is Armageddon, "righteousness is to dwell."
Almighty God himself who says so in his (2 Pet. 3:13) Humans will live with one
Word. Thus, when the disciples of Jesus another in peace, happiness flnd content-
asked him when the end of this system ment forever. What is more, they will
of things was coming, did Jesus say, enjoy perfect health, free from aches and
'Why, how can you think of such a cruel pains. (lsa. 9:6, 7; Rev. 21:3, 4) This is
thing?' No, he did not. Rather, Jesus pro- what our loving Creator purposes fo'r obe-
ceeded to answer his disciples realistical- dient mankind.
ly, giving them many evidences that 10 Are you not moved to want to serve
would mark the time of the end. (Matt. a God who loves his people so much that
24:3-14) Jesus truthfully showed that on- he will remove all wicked, hurtful persons
ly a comparatively few of mankind living from the earth and create a paradise? In
then would avoid destruction.-Matt. 7: order to appreciate more fully our loving
13, 14; Ps. 145:20. Creator, we need to continue to take in
7 This is not to imply that God takes knowledge of him through a regular study
delight in destroying wicked people. He of his Word the Bible. This will lead to
would rather that they repent and change OUr enjoying eternal life in his new system
their ways. (Ezek. 33:11; 2 Pet. 3:9) In of things.-John 17:3.
fact, to encourage and help persons to do
so, Almighty God has patiently sent forth
his ministers, even as Noah preached be- Can you answer these question,? For answers,
read th. article obov•.
fore the coming of the flood. (2 Pet. 2:5)
But if persons selfishly want to pursue III How has God's love been manifested to-
their own interests and refuse to heed His ward mankind? (2 J What attitude do some
persons take toward the teaching that God will
messengers, God is certainly not unloving destroy disobedient opes? (3 J What evidence is
in destroying such ones from the earth in there that God destroyed ungodly people in the
his war of Armageddon.-Rev. 16:14-16. past? (4) How did the destruction by God of
wicked people in the post prove a blessing and
8 Truly, it is loving on God's part to wipe
relief? (5) Are there prospects that God will
from the earth this world of wicked peo- destroy wicked people in the near futurE?
ple, with all their crime, violence, hate and (6) Did Jesus consider it cruel that God should
destroy wicked people? (7) How do we know
war. Just imagine how wonderful it will that God does not find pleasure in destroying
be when God fulfills this Bible psalm: the wicked? (8) What action on God's part will
"For evildoers themselves will be cut off, truly prove a blessing for his people? (9) What
... just a little while longer, and the wick- are some of the grand blessings that God has
in store for obedient mankind? (10) What
ed one will be no more; and you will cer- COurse is it vital that we now take?
28 AWAKE!
girls into the free enterprise
system to increase the dty's
sales·tax revenues. He said:
"I suggest we will never
stamp out prostitution. Why
not let the profession regulate
itself? Put prostitution on the
free enterprise system."
While the churchman with·
held any moral approval of
pros1 itution, his suggestion cer·
tainly was no denunciation
of the practice.
*'
Lives of Despair
Dr. D. M. F. McDonald,
superintendent of Kingseat
Hospital in New Zealand, said
many suburban housewives
live a life of quiet despair,
*'
Catholic!! WIlll, Out
As Archbishop Patrick
Cardinal O'Boyle began deliv·
*'
Ban on Gambling
m~ed
When New York city police
in on gambling in a
with too many children, too
little money and a husband
ering a sermon on September Roman Catholic churchyard who shows far too little affec·
22 urging obedience to the in New York's Little Italy, on tion. He said most New Zea·
birth·control edict of Pope September 24, a roar of de- land housewives were restrict-
-Paul VI, upward of 200 Ro· nouncement went up by a ed to a daily routine that
man Catholics walked out of nationwide American-Italian feeble·minded patients at the
the cathedral. Catholic clergy- organization. It caUed the po· hospital could perform. The
men called the walkout un· lice action harassment of the result has been that doctors'
precedented in the archdiocese Italian community, an "inva· waiting rooms are now
of Washington and perhaps sian of the sanctity of the crammed with married worn·
in the world. In other church· church." Cries of neglect and en, mothers who confess that
es where the pastoral letter discrimination were also they fear they might ]:iU either
was read, unofficial checks heard. Donald D'Ippolito, pas- themselves or their children.
showed that at least 235 per· tor of the Church of the Most How much they need the hope
sons at four other churches Precious Blood, revealed the that only God's Word, the
walked out during morning reason for the uproar when Bible, gives!
services. The walkouts drama· he said that the pOlice action
tized the chasm that has de·
veloped between the Catholic
Church and its people over
had deprived his church of
about $25,000. *'
"Blood Lust in My Veins"
A Roman Catholic bishop
in England said that shooting
birds with a shotgun is his
the birth·control issue.
*'
New Oil Tankers
When the Israeli·Arab war favorite sport. "I'm mad about
it. I've got a blood lust in my
*'
About l\loney and Taxes
At the peak of World War
II, all taxes took 25 cents of
closed the Suez Canal, oil
companies were forced to ship
the crude oil around the
veins," he reportedly said.
Bishop David Cashman, 55, of
every dollar of America's out· southern tip of Africa-a very Arundel and Brighton, after
put. All taxes-federal, state long and expensive route. To saying he was 'mad about
and local-in the United States counteract this, they have be- shooting,' went on to say: "I
today come to 27.3 percent gilll to build gigantic tankers. don't know anything on earth
of the naHon·s total produc· This year saw the largest that gives m!." personally more
tion. In other words, 27.3 ship ever built; it can haul excitement than waiting for a
cents of every dollar goes lor 2,500,000 barrels of oil at one
taxes, which is an all-time time. bird to come over my gun. It's
high. In 1966 a factory work· the nearest thing to heaven
in hUman terms that I know."
er's weekly take·home pay was
$98.57. This has climbed to
$104.32 in 1968, but the "real
*'
'Legalize Prostitution'
A published Reuters dis-
patch from San Francisco
When his comments were crit·
icized as being "scandalous,"
pay" is actually down 72 stated that Episcopal Minister Bishop Cashman was unre·
cents because of the rise in Robert Cromey urged author· pentant. He said: "I might as
the cost of living in this ities in August to legalize well be honest and admit that
period. prostitution and bring strcet I enjoy shooting."
NOVEMBER 8, 1968
(ltowded Welt Germany smoke and cuts down engine with smoking. This was sus·
., West German residents live noise. pected tor some time, but doc-
in an area slightly smaller tors felt that other factors
than the state of Oregon. Some ReUgioul Riches mIght be involved. Charles
60,000,000 of them inhabit this + Under the subtitle "Who Scott Russell, Professor of Ob-
small area. Fourteen million OWl:. America?" The Satur- stetrIcs and Gynecology at
are refugees from the east. day Evening Post for Decem- Sheffield University, however,
ber 30, 1967, had this to say: said: "It was clear that the
Keep (losmetlcs Out of Beach "Church and church-related smoking effect, which was ob-
.. Any cosmetic enriched with institutions hold land and vious in every comparison
estrogen, the female sex hor- buildings alone-aside -from made, was independent of oth-
mone, should, be kept out of securities-worth $80 billion. cr factors." The survey also
the reach of children, because Th~ Roman Catholic Church, showed that women who
if a child rubs or swallows it, the largest religious' institu- smoke during pregnancy risk
serious symptoms may develop. tion in the U.S., has assets miscarriage. Nearly one in
A three-year-old girl reported- estimated at $44.5 billion, or three women smokers who
ly had been developing normal- more than the combined assets had very high blood pressurc
ly until, six months before of General Motors, R.C.A., lost their babies, compared
being brought to the Hartford General Electric, U.S. Steel and with about onc in seven non·
Hospital, her breasts became Standard Oil of New Jersey. smokers with high blood pres·
overdeveloped. Other body The total assets of all corpora- sure.
changes were like those of a tions in the United States are
young woman. Her height also well above $1.5 trillion. In 1966, Clergyman Rejects Ransom
was increasing rapIdly for her the 500 largest corporations .. Clergyman T. Noffs of Syd·
age. Other body changes had total assets of $282 bil· ney, Australia, does not agree
showed a "sexual precocity" lion. By far the largest was with the apostle Pa)JI, who
beyond her age growth. Investi- A.T. & T. ($35.2 billion), more stated, at Hebrews 9:22, that
gation showed that the child's than $10 billion ahead of next· "unless blood is poured out no
grandmother once gave a dis- ranking Prudential Insurance forgiveness takes place." The
carded jar of this cosmetic to Co. of America. The Pruden· clergyman is quoted as stat·
the girl to play with. It con- tial, it may be noted, is our ing: "What Christians have to
tained a very small amount of largest private flnancer of discover is that what wlll save
the cream, which the child home and farm ownership, the world is not ChrIst's suffer-
rubbed on her face and swal- holding the mortgages on some ing, but ours. It is not his blood
lowed. That had disturbed her 505,000 city properties and 45,· which counts, but ours. The
normal growth drastically. 000 farms." followers of Jesus will not be
Such cosmetics are not only saved by Jesus' blood, but by
hazardous for children. but Boy Saves Mother their radical obedience to God,
they appear to contain far .. One day seven-year·old Gio· humanity and truth." This
higher amounts of estrogen vanni Soru watched a doctor minister's rejection of the ran-
than can be regarded safe massage a patient's heart on som, at the Wayside Chap·
even for grown women. television. He remembered the el at King's Cross, Sydney, is
technique. When his mother, typical of the lack of faith in
Tractor BoOlts Mrs. Elena Soru, 33, collapsed, the Scriptures among modern
.. Farm tractors are now get- the boy applied external mas· clergymen.
ting a boost from a device that sage to her heart for twenty
helped World War II airplanes Children Ktlled by Paren"
minutes. Then he called his .. A published United Press
to fly higher and faster. name· aunt to hurry over to his aid International report stated
ly, the turbochargers. The tur· because hf! was afraid he that "every day one or two
bo is currently boosting one w<;:mld be late for a mathe- children 5 years old in the
tractor's power from 100 to matles examination at school. United States arc killed by
116 horsepower. One turbo- After seeing his mother off to their parents." The infanticide
charger, which is used in heavy the hospital, Giovanni ran to rate among five·year.olds is
diesel trucks and in many of school. His mother was reo greater than the combined to·
this season's high-powered race portedly doing well. tal taken by tuberculosis,
cars, uses the engine's exhaust whooping cough, polio, mea·
to power a compressor. The Smoking and Smaller Babies sles, diabetes, rheumatic feve~
compressed air, fed back into • A survey, reported in the and appendicitis. In additioni
the engine, improves fuel com· British journal of Preventive every hour about five Infants
hustion and boosts the power. and Social Medicine, showed are injured by their parents
It also reduces exhaust gas and that smaller babies are linked or guardians, report Drs. Ray
30 AWAKE!
E. Helfer and C, Henry Kempe ment, stated that "there are money from the Offl.ce of Eco.
of the University of Colorado. facillties . for 'honeymoons' at nomic Opportunity-an agency
the church. These 'honey- of the United States govern-
Chureh and Gang moons' are alleged to be part ment's "war on poverty." In
.. United States senators were of initiation rituals performed nearly a year of the program's
told in July how American tax- by prospective female gang operation, 83 trainees were
payers' dollars have been used members with male members." placed in jobs, but only 53 of
to subsidize gangs in Chicago, Witnesses also testified of
Dlinois. Witnesses told of gang- gambling, drinking, cleaning these were still on their jobs
sters using a Presbyterian guns and smoking marijuana in mid-May. The cost to the
church in Chicago as an arse- in the church. The church was taxpayers amounted to $11,900
nal. Lieut. Edward Buckney, reportedly a job·training cen· for each of these trainees still
command.er of the gang unit ter financed by more than working, according to a sena-
of the Chicago Police Depart- $631,000 of the taxpayers' tor.
Statement "'qul",d by the Ad of October 23, 1962, Secllon 4389, Title 39, United State. Code, Bh<twlnz
the owner-hiI'. m~nallement, and circulation 01 Awn",,,!, -pubU.hed semimonthly at 117 Adams St.,
Brooklyn, Kings County, N.Y. 112QI, as filed S .. ptembcr 27, 1963.
The name and add", •• of J>ubllshe ... editor and mana,.;i!lll editor is: Watchtower Bible and Tract
SOciety of New York, Inc., 117 Adams St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201.
The owner Is, Watchlower Bible and Tracl Society 01 New York, Inc., 117 Adams St" Brooktyn, N.Y.
11201. The .... ,.'" No stockholders.
The known bondholders. mort!lal"e<oS. and oth.,r security holders own!nl or holding 1 percent or more
01 lotal amount of bands. morlgales or other securities are: None.
Averaie number 01 cOJ>i.,,, ot each issue during J>recedlng 12 months, and of the slnll"le issue nearest
10 filing date, respectively, are a" follows: total number of copies J>rlnted (Net Press Run) 3,3a4.531~
3,457,770; paid circulallon_sales through dealers and carriers. street vendors. and counter sales 2,650,996_
2.701.766; mall "ubscriptlons 726.625-750.857: total p~id circulation 3.377,621_3,452,623; free distribution
(including samples) by mall. carrier or other means 45_47; total distrlbullon 3,377,666_3,452,670; office
U.'le, leftover, unaccounted, spoiled after printing 6,865_5,100; Total 3.384.531-3,457.770.
1 cerllfy thai the statements made by me above are correct and complete.
(Slitn.,d) Grant Suiter. Scc",tary-Treasu",r
NOVEMBER 8, ~968 31
A WAKE! . • • the magazine to please every taste
Over 5 million readers want the facts presented in an un-
biased way and they find that Awake! does just that!
This year you will find even more in its covers to delight and
inform you. Subscribe now. You may not read it all, but
isn't it reassuring to know that it is all there?
32 AWAKE!
PAGES 3-16
CONTENTS
Pollution Threatens Human Life 3 Digging for a Living 17
Poisoning the Air We Breathe 4 Pope's Birth·Control Ban Stirs Dissent 21
Relationship of Criminal and Victim 8 Jehovah's Witnesses Everywhere 25
What Is Happening to Our Waters? 9 Husband and Wife Under Law 26
How the Land and Your Food Christmas Ignored by Pilgrims 26\
Are Affected 12 "Your Word Is Truth"
An Earth Free from Pollution Was the Writer Quoting? 27
Near at Hand 15 Watching the World 29
"It is already the hour for you to awake."
-Romon.13:11
VER 3,000 years ago two huge 69· \vcre then sharp and clear. But some
O foot-high, 200-ton obelisks \vere erect-
ed in Egypt in honor of its ruler Thutmose
eighty-eight years in New York's carro·
sive air has done more damage to the
III. In 1880 one of them was presented to stone than over 3,006 years of weathering
the United States and was transported to in Egypt!
Central Park in New York city. The Smog ~Iso disintegrates women's nylon
hieroglyphic writings incised in this stone stockings in Los Angeles and Chicago. In
monUment, called Cleopatra's Needle, Tokyo smog warnings are issued on more
AWAKE!
than a third of the days, and policemen ner, former Secretary of Health, Educa-
return to the station house at haIf-hour tion and Welfare, said, "that air pollUtion
intervals to breathe oxygen. In Stockholm is a contributing factor to the rising in-
a police officer explained: "The gases are cidence of chronic respiratory diseases-
breaking us all down. Every day I feel lung cancer~ emphysema, bronchitis and
sick for several hours after work." asthma."
And so it goes in city after city. In Lon-
don, Milan, Madrid, Moscow, Kiev, Berlin, Economic Cost
Frankfurt, Amsterdam, Singapore, Ja- In addition, there is the economic loss
karta, Hong Kong, Bangkok, Tel Aviv, from air pollution, which is staggering.
Calcutta, Bombay, Buenos Aires, Caracas, According to the Department of Health,
and in many other cities, residents are Education and Welfare, the annual bill for
apprehensive about the poisoned air they property damage alone is $11,000,000,000
breathe. -an average of well over $50 a year for
every man, woman and child in the United
Pall of Death States. And to this gigantic bill could be
People have a right to be concerned, added medical and other expenses, for
for polluted air can kill. In October 1948, which air pollution certainly bears some
for example, a thick layer of poisonous responsibility.
air hung over Donora, Pennsylvania. But as a Public Affairs Committee
Within four days, 5,910 of the town's 14,- pamphlet expresses it: "Who can assess
000 residents became ill, and twenty died. the cost of air pollution for the woman
In December 1.9'52 a thick smog -ro11£!d. who scrubs a house ncver-endingly grimy
in over London. Within a few days there or for a worker victimized by the psy-
were 4,000 more deaths than would have chological depression which has become
occurred under normal circumstances. one of the recognized effects of smog on
Again in 1956 extreme air pollution killed humans?" And as Dr. John T. Middleton
about 1,000 Londoners, and another oc- asked: "When people just don't feel well
currence in 1962 killed more than 300. from air pollution, how do you fix a
New York city, too, has experienced price?" The value of fresh, clean air sim·
deadly smogs. In 1963 poisoned air trapped ply cannot be measured in dollars and
over the city killed some 400 persons. And cents.
of the choking pollution of November
1966, President Lyndon B. Johnson said: The Pollutants and Their Sources
"An ('stimated 80 persons died. Thousands A breath of fresh air is made up of
of men and women already suffering from approximately 78 percent nitrogen, 21
respiratory diseases lived out the four days percent oxygen, .9 percent argon and
in fear and pain . . . .
"These poisons arE' not dramaticaIIy dan- traces of ozone, neon, krypton, helium, and
gerous most days of the year as they were other gases. But now, commonly, the air
last Thanksgiving in New York. But steadi- is contaminated with a large quantity of
ly, insidiously, they damage virtually every·
thing that exists."
other particles and gases. From where
It only stands to reason that air that does all this dangerous and costly pollu-
darkens white house paint, disintegrates tion come? And of what does it consist?
stone~ corrodes metal and dissolves nylon The most obvious poUutant is visible
stockings would be damaging to health. smoke, the result of the emission of fine
And it is. "There is no doubt," John Gard· particles of carbon, ash, oil, and so forth.
NOVEMBER 22, 1968
It pours from home chimneys, incinera- ing beyond the cities. Frighteningly, it is
tors, gar9age dumps and industrial smoke- spreading from one city to another. en-
stacks. In New York city about sixty tons shrouding whole sections of the country
of such soot and debris settles on each in a gaseous pall. Pointing to the serious-
square mile per month. Each ton of coal ness of the situation, UnIted States presi~
burned gives off some 200 pounds of sol- dent Lyndon B. Johnson on November 21,
ids, and a ton of refuse burned by usual 1967, said:
incinerator methods gives off 25 pounds "Contaminated air began as a big·city
of solids. But this is only a small fraction problem. But in just a few years, the gray
of the pollutants. pall of pollution has spread across the
nation. Today its threat hangs almost every·
Invisible gases comprise the greater where-and it is spreading still.
part, accounting for some 90 percent of "We are pouring at lcast 130 million tons
the air pollution in the United States. In- of poison into the air each year. That is
dustry pours out tons upon tons of these two--thlrds of a ton for cvery man, woman
contaminants. For example, a coal-fired and child in America.
"And tomorrow looks even blacker. . • .
power plant will emit 300 tons of sulfur That leaves us only one choice. Either we
dioxide a day; an oil refinery, 450 tons; stop poisoning our air-or we become a
but just a moderate-size copper smelter nation in gas masks, groping our way
will :flood the air with 1,500 tons a day! through dying cities and wilderness ghost
towns."
However, the automobile is the chief
polluter. Motor vehicles are responsible Earth's atmosphere can dilute only so
for 60 percent of the country's air poUu- much pollution; then it will build up to
tion. It has been calculated that in the poisonous levels. It is noteworthy that
Los Angeles area alone about 12,420 tons about 50 percent of the total air mass is
of pollutants are released each day by the confined to' within just three miles of
area's some 3,750,000 autos, nearly 10,- earth, and few impurities ascend above
000 tons of which Is the deadly gas carbon two miles. So the prospect of pollution
monoxide. poisoning to death large masses of the
Carbon monoxide comprises more than population is not remote, especially if cli-
50 percent of the air pollution in America matic conditions should hold poisonous
The second most plentiful poison is the air close to the ground.
sulfur oxides, making up nearly 20 per- It is true that natural cycles have a
cent of the contamination in the air. marvelous capacity to cleanse the air.
These are produced principally from the There are, for example, plants, and espe-
burning of coal and oil in power plants, cially a soil bacterium, that can convert
factories and homes. carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.
Earth's vegetation, and especially the vast
The next most common of the air con-
oceans, absorb carbon dioxide from the
taminants are the hydrocarbons, which
come mainly from the escaped, unburned air and replenish the oxygen supply. But
the atmosphere was simply not designed
fuel of automobiles. Large quantities of
to handle unlimited pollution. Regarding
carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and other
this, the leading meteorologist Morris Nei-
gases are also produced from combustion.
burger observed:
Poisoned Air Spreads "We do not know in detail how and at
what rate the atmosphcre clcanses itself,'
As the volume of contaminants pumped but we do know that by the time the air
into the air increases, pollution is extend- moves from one major urban or industrial
6 AWAKEl
area to another it is in most cases practi· suffers. Ironically, however, the very pol-
cally tree 0:1: pollutants. . . . In areas of lutants going up many industrial smoke-
such large and intense sources as SoutheTIl stacks can, in some instances, be profit-
California and the northeasteTIl United
States the air must travel long and far ably recovered. For example, one refinery
before it has recovered its purity and claro spent $1.25 million to capture its hydro-
Ity.... gen sulfide gas. It now converts this to
"It is clear that as the amount of poIlu· sulfur and sulfuric acid, and the profit
tion put into thc atmosphere increases a
stage wlll be reached at which the cleansing
from these has paid for the cost of the
processes in the atmosphere are no longer pollution-control equipment.
adequate to purify the air before it reaches No doubt much more can be done to
or returns to SOUITes w'nere it recclves devise ways to recover pollutants profit-
additional pollution.. . As time goes on,
the amount of pollution throughout the
ably. But whether this is feasible or not,
world will then increase. Eventually the con· authorities emphasize that controls must
centration of toxic substances will reach be enforced if the health and welfare of
and exceed lethal concentrations and life citizens are to be protected.
on earth will pass away."
Air pollution is indeed a serious prob- Coping with Auto Pollutants
lem. To survive and enjoy life on earth But what about controlling pollutants
man must act to control it. Is it possible from the worst contaminator of all-the
to do so? Is poisoning of the air inevitable? automobile?
Finally, United States law requires all
Controlling Air Pollution new ~'3:rs tQ "\:'R ~u.i'P~ with smog-
President Johnson ,vas very emphatic control devices. But for a long time auto
on this matter in his message to the Unit- makers fought such controls, even claim-
ed States Congress on January 30, 1967. ing they could not make such devices. In
He said: "Air pollution is the inevitable a strong indictment of the industry, S.
consequence of neglect. It can be con- Smith Griswold, chief of the Los Angeles
trolled when that neglect is no longer Air Pollution Control District, a few years
tolerated. " ago declared: "Everything that the in-
Industry has the technological know- dustry has disclosed it is able to do today
how to eliminate most pollution, both gas to control automobile exhaust was pos-
and particles. According to Machine De- sible ten years ago."
8-ign of July 20, 1967: "The industrial Then why did auto makers not act
filterhouse is capable of over 99.9% col- sooner? Griswold explains: "One is forced
lection on almost any dust." Other meth- to ascribe it to arrogance and apathy on
ods of removing particles include the use the part of this, the nation's largest in-
of electrostatic precipitators, wet scrub- "dustry.... To people interested in profits,
bers and mechanical dust collectors. Gas- expenditures for the development and
eous pollutants can also be cleaned from production of exhaust controls are lia-
industrial emissions through the use of a bilities."
variety of pollution-control methods. Then Well, then, has the new legislation re-
why is this not done? quiring smog-control equipment solved
It is because it costs money to control the problem of controlling auto effluents?
pollution. And many corporations will Unfortunately it has not, for the legisla-
fight with an their power anything that tion on)y affects new cars; it does not
interferes with profits, regardless of who involve the tens of millions of automobiles
NOVEMBER 22, 1.'liiR 7
already on the road. What is more, the automobiles, but the day may come when
new equipment is far from perfect, stop- we may have to trade convenience for
ping only a portion of the dangerous pol- survival."
lutants, and as cars grow older the de- It is that serious. The signs of danger
vices will become less effective. are clear. There is presently a rapid in-
Therefore, some experts feel that ef- crease of hazardous pollutants in the at-
forts to control exhaust from the gasoline mosphere, which, if unabated, spells al-
engine is a losing battle. They believe that most certain disaster to the human race.
the continual increase in number of cars However, it will be immensely difficult to
will dangerously raise pollution levels even stem their increase, because, as the Amer-
though all cars eventually are equipped ican Association for the Advancement of
with pollution control devices. "It is clear- Science reported: "There is a conflict be-
ly evident," Frank Stead, a top official in tween man's economic and biologic con-
California's public health department, cerns."
points out, "that between now and 1980 Since economic interests often take
the gasoline-powered engine must be preceden.ce over preservation of human
phased out." life, some persons believe that man is on
a suicidal course from which he will not
Alternatives turn. They would predict, as did meteorol-
Many concerned scientists and officials ogist Morris Neibul'ger, that "eventually
are urging the investigation of a number the concentration of toxic substances will
of alternatives to the gasoline engine. "We reach and exceed lethal concentrations,
need to look into the electric car, the and life on earth will pass away."
turbine car, and any other means of pro-
pulsion that is pollution-free," urged for- Others, however, are not so pessimistic.
mer Secretary of Health, Education and They see a better future for the earth and
Welfare, John Gardner. "Perhaps we also man. Can we really be assured of this?
need to find other ways of moving people What about pollution of our waters and
around. None of us would wish to sacri- land? Can this also be controlled? Just
fice the convenience of private passenger how serious is it?
ARE AFFECTED
ERTILE soil is not just inert dirt. Pesticide Poisoning
F Rather it contains an incredible abun-
dance and diversity o~living things. Why,
What especially concerns some eminent
scientists is the effect that pesticides
just a handful may possess tens of mil- might have upon organisms in the soil,
lions of microscopic bacteria, fungi and such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Why, if
other organisms without which life on enough of these organisms should ~
earth would pass away.
killed, the nitrogen cycle would be inter-
Now, however, there is a serious threat
to this intricate, interdependent web of rupted, plants would not receive their
life. necessary food, and life would eventually
12 AWAKE!
cease from earth! But are pesticides rea1~ Insecticides, such as DDT, may be absorbed
ly such a threat? directly by living organisms and also, it is
believed, may adsorb on, or be absorbed
That they can be extremely dangerous into, lower forms of life or inert foods that
has been demonstrated time and time are subsequently consumed by larger orga-
again. Millions of fish, for example, have nisms. . . . It is feared that somewhere
been killed by pesticides washed from the along the line unrecognized damage is being
done."
land into lakes and rivers. Concentrations
in water of much less than one part per There is evidence that some pesticides
thousand million have proved fatal, since may be harmful to the vital nitrogen-
the poison is absorbed and concentrated fixing' bacteria in the soiL It is such in-
in the fish. Also, while fish may not re~ formation that causes some scientists to
ceive lethal doses, they may become in~ fear that the avalanche of approximately
fertile, or birds that eat the fish may die. 700 million pounds of organic pesticides
It is tbis sinister ability of pesticides to a year will eventually bring disaster upon
pass along through the links of the food the human race.
chain that is especially frightening. For It is also feared by scientists that poi-
example, the soil may contain only one sons become concentrated in tiny marine
unit of pesticide per gram, but earth~ plants called diatoms. These plants occur
worms in the soil may contain 10 to 40 in fantastic numbers near the surface of
units per gram. Then birds that eat the the oceans and produce most of earth's
earthworms receive an even greater con- oxygen. What if enough of these diatoms
centration, which may kill them or render are poisoned to death? Then what?
them infertile. In some areas many kinds Why, the supply of atmospheric oxygen
of birds, including robins, orioles and war- would be drastically reduced, ending man's
blers, have been drastically reduced by existence. And the possibility of this oc-
pesticide poisons. curring is not remote, according to some
Almost unbelievably, organic pesticides scientists. "I do not think we are· in a
are now fOW1d in practically every living position to assert right now," warns
thing, even though these poisons reached LaMont C. Cole, Professor of Ecology at
the public market less than twenty-five Cornell UniverSity, "that we are not poi-
years ago. Surveys have shown that Unit- soning the marine diatoms and thus bring-
ed States inhabitants have an average ing disaster upon ourselves."
fatty-tissue concentration of four to seven
Nitrate and Lead Poisoning
parts per million of the pesticide DDT.
Also, each year in the United States the
Even Antarctic penguins and fish have land is being burdened with 12 thousand
DDT in their bodies! Regarding this, million pOW1ds of inorganic nitrogen fer~
Science magazine of November 17, 1967, tilizers. Nitrates from these fertilizers are
observed: now accumulating in foodstuffs. When
"We do not know whether the occurrence food is consumed, the nitrates are con~
of DDT, in milligram or microgram amounts verted by intestinal bacteria to nitrites,
per kilogram, in Antarctic aquatic animals
and in fishes from all the seas of the world which reduce the blood's ability to carry
is harmful or harmless. We cannot at this oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues.
time explain how DDT became so universal· Regarding the danger, particularly to
ly distributed. . . . The term biological
magnification ilas been coined to explain infants, biologist Barry Commoner said:
the phenomenon that is thought to occur. "Sufficiently concentrated dietary nitrate
,VOVEMBER 22, 1968 13
can therefore lead to respiratory failure, Technology, warns that "the average resi-
and even death." dent of the United States is being sub-
Dr. Commoner pointed out that investi- jected to severe chronic lead insult."
gations of certain vegetables revealed that
"an infant fed a two-ounce jar of baby Effect of the Poisons
food would receive about 40 milligrams of Thus, from many sources of their own
nitrogen as nitrate." Whereas, he said, making, humans are being assaulted by
"public health officials recommend that dangerous poisons. Even now, before
infants take, in their food and water, no symptoms begin to manifest themselves,
more than 12 milligrams of nitrate nitro- these poisons may be doing irreparable
gen daily." damage. Murray Stein, as an official of
Already in England there have been the U.S. Public Health Service, noted:
several reports of infant poisoning caused "We're not certain what the combined
by bacteria turning nitrate in cooked effect of some of these toxicants is. Many
spinach into nitrite. As additional thou- are stored up within the body. It could be
sands of millions of pounds of inorganic that they will have some sort of long-
fertilizers are used, the threat will grow. range disastrous effect, like thalidomide."
The answer to the problem, according to What a terrifying prospect! As another
Dr. Commoner, is "a fundamental revi- health expert observed: "Our fate could
sion of the entire economy of agriculture perhaps be sealed twenty or more years
production"-the return to the use of or- before the development of symptoms"!
ganic fertilizers, such as manure, which Man clearly is ruining the earth. He
are low in nitrates. has failed to anticipate the consequences
Another pollutant that may be ap- of his technological innovations. Now they
proaching toxic levels in humans is lead. threaten his very existence. Fundamental
Over six thousand million pounds of it changes are required if mankind is to sur-
have been marketed and burned since 1923 vive and earth is to remain a suitable
in the form of lead alkyls in antiknock home. Observed Dr. Barry Commoner in
gasoline. And as infinitesimal amOlmts of his book Science and Survival:
pesticides in water are fatally concentrat- "We have come to a turning point ir,
ed in fish, so lead from the air, water and the human habitation of the earth. The
environment is a complex, subtly balanced
soU is concentrated in plants. system, and it is this integrated whole
Particularly from such food sources the which receives the impact of all the sepa·
average American ingests about 400 mi- rate insults inflicted by pollutants. Never
crograms of lead a day, or a total of some before in the history of this planet has its
thin life·supporting surface been subjected
30 tons a year for the entire nation. Thus to such diverse, novel, and potent agents.
the average lead concentration in the . • . I believe that continued pollution of
blood of the American population has risen the earth, if unchecked, will eventually de·
to .25 parts per million, or 100 times what stroy the fitness of this planet as a place
it would be in a natural nonindustrialized for human life."
environment Significantly, lead concen- Is disaster inevitable? Some prominent
trations in blood no greater than .5 to .8 scientists think that it is. "Man has lost
parts per million are definitely injurious the capacity to foresee and forestall," ob-
to health. served the late Albert Schweitzer. "He
Therefore, Dr. Clair Patterson, geo- will end by destroying the earth." But is
chemist of the California Institute of this true?
14 AWAKE!
HAT a de- AN EARTH Also, each
W lightful
thought! To live
in a cleansed
'!reefrom PollutioN year some 95,-
000 cubic miles
of water is lift-
earth! An earth
where each
NEAR AT HAND ed by the sun
from the
breath of air is oceans, seas,
fresh and clean, lakes, streams
where streams are crystal and moist soil, and about 24,-
clear, and lakes and beaches 000 cubic miles of this is de-
are free of contamination. posited on land areas, fresh
Just imagine a landscape of and clean. Over just the Unit-
lush meadows, multicolored ed States about 4,400,000,-
flowers and majestic trees, 000,000 gallons of rain falls
where there is nowhere a per day. What a vast regular
sight of debris or refuse. supply of clean water for
Is such an earth free from man's use! How wonderfully,
pollution really near at hand? too, the earth breaks down
Will man suddenly reverse his and transforms dead matter
suicidal course of ruining the earth? Will and other wastes into useful products!
he cease from pwnping filth into the skies Truly, there is nothing wrong with our
and dumping wastes and poisons into the earth.
waters and onto the land? Really the trouble is with humans who
An early change in man's dirty habits have misused its resources. They have
needlessly polluted the air, land and water,
is not foreseen by conservation experts.
being simply too greedy for profits to con-
The present trend toward ever greater trol their wastes. Therefore, radical mea-
pollution seems irreversible. Nevertheless, sures will be employed by God to remedy
a change will occur. For Almighty God the situation.
himself has given his word that earth will Long ago God's Word the Bible fore-
become a paradise. But how will this told the action that Jehovah God would
occur? take. It pointed forward to this very time
in which we are now living, and said that
Cleansing the Earth God would "bring to ruin those ruining
It is not the planet earth that is at fault; the earth." (Rev. 11:18) No, God will not
God does not need to change its amazing allow greedy men to continue to ruin this
life-sustaining processes. Why, earth's beautiful earth. Rather, he will act against
abWldance of natural resources and its them, and that very soon now, even as
self-cleansing functions are truly marvel- the Bible promises: "For evildoers them-
ous. Over 5,000,000,000,000,000 tons of air selves will be cut off, but those hoping in
Jehovah are the ones that will possess the
surround the earth, and natural cycles
earth."-Ps.37:9.*
rapidly cleanse this air of contaminants in
• See the October 8, 1008, Issue of Awake! tor
remarkable ways not fully Wlderstood by bountiful proof that we are Hvlng now durIn&: the
generation when God will destroy wickedness and.
man. usher in righteous ~ondlilons eartb wtd~,
J
prise awaited him. Yes, h(' found two aunts
and three cousins studying with Jehovah's
her, but she too was convinced that this was people. His opposition to my sister's efforts
the truth. She said she would get in touch to maintain her integrity could not stop her
with the nearest Kingdom Hall. \ from obeying God as ruler. Soon ten more
"My sister whose child died now returned
to South America and began witnessing to
•relatives began studying, along with two
~ friends. At last count there are sixteen rela·
another sister of mine and her husband and , tives and eight friends who are learning the
child. Immediately they too began studying, J way of righteousness. All this in one exciting
along with four of their friends. However, year with the zealous witnesses of Jehovah."
NOVEMBER 22, 196R 25
HUSBAND AND WIFE UNDER LAW
EHOV AH GOD instituted marriage. And the relationship which has been created by
• The book One Small Candle is the story of the Mayflower's voyage
and the Pilgrims' first year in America; the book was published in con-
densed form in the Reader's Digest of December, 1963, and on page 249
of this journal appears the following paragraph: "Strangely enough, Mon-
day, December 25 [1620], was another working day. These earnest Chris·
Uans could find no mention of the celebration of Christmas in the Blblf', so
they simply ignored it."
26 AWAKE!
a body for me. You did not approve of
whole burnt offerings and sin offer-
ing." '" The apostle Paul was quoting
from Psalm ~O: 6. But Psalm 40: 6, accord-
ing to the Hebrew text available today,
says: "Sacrifice and offering you did not
delight in; these ears of mine you opened
up. Burnt offering and sin offering you
did not ask for." Was Paul in error? No;
he was apparently quoting from the Greek
Septuagint which uses the expression.
"REMEMBER what God told Adam, "but a body you prepared for me."
'In the sweat of thy brow shalt thou We cannot yet be certain whether the
eat bread.' " Have you heard someone use original Hebrew text of Psalm 40: 6 con-
that expression? It is common in English tained the expression Paul quoted, though
and Spanish, but is it actually a Bible it is not in the traditional Masoretic text
quotation? Yes and no. The most com- of the Hebrew Scriptures (made at a
mon English and Spanish Bibles say: "In later date) from which most modern
the sweat of your face you will eat bread." translations are made. But, regardless of
-Gen. 3:19. how the Hebrew text originally penned
This is an interesting example because by David in Psalm 40 read, the expres-
at times persons, in reading the Christian sion found in the Septuagint became a
Greek Scriptu"res in the Bible, have come part of the Bible under the direction of
across quotations from the Hebrew Scrip- God's spirit.-2 Tim. 3:16, 17.
tures that have raised questions. Why? Occasionally quotations differ from
Well, upon comparing certain quotations both the Hebrew and the Greek texts we
with their source, they may have observed now have. Some variations may be be-
differences and were puzzled as to why cause the writer was quoting from mem-
the verses did not fead exactly the same, ory. Or the changes may have been inten-
Possibly you have wondered about such tional, though not altering the original
differences. Being vitally interested in the thought. Let us take note of some of these
"sacred pronouncements of God," let us variations. By doing so we will discover
consider some of the reasons why quota- other reasons why quotations differ from
tions in the Christian Greek Scriptures the original sources.
might differ somewhat from the Hebrew Sometimes the writers of the Christian
Scripture sources.-Rom. 3:2. Greek Scriptures made changes in num-
One reason why quotations might differ ber, such as from singular to plural. At
is that the writers sometiJlllcs quoted from Acts 7:32 Stephen quoted Jehovah as say-
the Greek Septuagint (LXX), an early ing: "I am the God of your forefathers,
translation of the Hebrew Scriptures into the God of Abraham and of Isaac and of
Greek. This translation was widely used Jacob." However, in both the Hebrew text
in the first century. Hence, inspired Chris- and the Septuagint we read at Exodus
tian writers could appropriately quote 3:6: "I am the God of your father~ the
from it. As an illustration, note Hebrews God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the
10: 5, 6: "He says: '''Sacrifice and offer- God of Jacob." Notice the singular form
ing you did not want, but you prepared "father," whereas Stephen represented it
NOVEMBER 22, 1968 27
in the plural "forefathers." It seems that Sometimes verses from the Hebrew
in Exodus, Jehovah was viewing each of Scriptures were paraphrased in the Chris-
the forefhthers individually, whereas Ste- tian Greek Scriptures. The writer seized
phen spoke of them collectively. This is the underlying idea of the passage and
entirely permissible as is evident from the then gave the substance of it as a para-
fact that God spoke of himself, in Exodus phrase. At Deuteronomy 30:11-14 Moses
3:15, as "Jehovah the God of your fore: explained to the Jews that the command-
fathers." ment God gave them was not too distant
The writers occasionally substituted or difficult to keep. They did not have to
synonymous words or phrases. At Gene- ask who would bring it down from heaven
sis 21; 10, in both the Hebrew text and or bring it from across the sea. With faith
the Septuagint, Sarah said to Abraham they could keep it. In Romans 10:6-8 Paul
that Hagar's son Ishmael would not be made a similar point with regard to faith
"an heir with my son, with Isaac." Yet in in Jesus and so employed Moses' vivid
Galatians chapter 4 Paul made a substi- terminology. But Paul paraphrased it
tution. He was contrasting the free wom- when speaking of Christ, explaining that
an Sarah with the slave girl Hagar, so we should have faith and not think that
when he quoted Genesis 21:10 he replaced Jesus' coming down from heaven and up
"my son, with Isaac" with the expression from the grave were impOSSible. Chris-
"the son of the free woman," a synony- tians should have faith in God's miracu-
mous phrase that is fully understandable lous accomplishments.
and appropriate.-Gal. 4:30. When we find slight differences between
At other times Christian writers trans- portions of the Hebrew Scriptures and the
posed words or phrases found in the He- quotations of such material in the Chris-
brew Scripture portions they were quot- tian Greek Scriptures, this should in no
jng. For instance, at Romans 9:25 Paul way lessen our faith in Jehovah's inspired
quoted from Hosea 2: 23, but he trans- Word. The early Christians who received
posed and paraphrased the two parts of the inspired writings of men such as Paul
the verse, putting the last part first and likely had available to them copies of the
the first part last, doing no injustice to Hebrew Scriptures in Hebrew or Greek
the prophecy. that are older than copies we have today.
Words or phrases were sometimes add- So they could check the quotations. They
ed to quotations in order to make the accepted the Christian Greek Scriptures
meaning clearer or the application more containing these quotations as faithful to
distinct. In 1 Corinthians chapter 15 Paul the Hebrew Scriptures; they were classed
quoted from Genesis 2:7, which verse with the rest of the inspired Scriptures.
reads in part, "the man came to be _a -2 Pet. 3: 16.
living soul." In his discussion, though, the Thus the substance and application of
apostle was contrasting the first perfect the quotations are valuable to Christians
man, Adam, with the second perfect man, today as they strive to use and learn from
Jesus. So Paul added some words to his Jehovah's Word. Truly the way in which
quotation: "It is even so written: 'The the Christian writers quoted from the
fir.''1t man Adam became a living souL'" Hebrew Scriptures proves they viewed
How clear the contrast becomes!-1 Cor. God's Word as alive and powerful, and we
15,45. can well adopt their view.-Heb. 4:12.
28
kidneys went into a man who
lived for onJy nine months.
Orblthlg Spacecraft
~ "Hello from the lovely
Apollo Room, high atop every·
thing, is the way the Apollo
7 commander introduced a
seven·minute television show
from about 150 miles out in
space. The pictures were sur·
prisingly dear. They showed
the three American astronauts
inside their capsule and the
southern United States un·
folding beneath the Apollo
spacecraft, which was travel·
ing some 17,500 milE'S an hour.
The flight, which began on
October 11, was made to check
'*
.'repamtion for \Vhat?
Last March 14, 6,700 sheep
died mysteriously along White
man found his car burned and
a hangman's noose on his
mailbox. A Lutheran who fed
out the safety and reliability
of the spacecraft that could
Rock Range, southwest of marchers on the Poor People's someday attempt a manned
Salt Lake City, Utah, Autop· Campaign not only was evict· journey to the moon.
sies revealed that the sheep ed from his church but nar· The Russians achieved an·
were killed by an invisible rowly missed being thrown oth('r space first when their
substance manufactured for out of his house. And an Epis· unmanned spacecraft, Zond 5.
the purpose of killing man. It copalian minister left his went around the moon and
was a nerve gas that had church when townspeople tele· back to earth for a safe land·
been sprayed from low·flying phoned his wife to tell her ing in the Indian Ocean, where
planes. The United States ar· that her husband had had "an it was recovered by a Soviet
my's 850,000·aere chemkal and acddent"-this' because he ship on September 21.
hiological warfare center is opened his church doors to
from 15 to 45 miles away
From where the deaths took
Negroes. Churchgoers should
read, belicve and practice the '*
"Bul'('uucratic Extra\'agances"
Almost everywhere onf'
may look in the present gov.
place. Despite treaties outlaw· words of the apostle John who
ing gas and germ warfare, an said: "Little children, Jet us ernmental structure one finds
intensive worldwide race is love, neither in word nor with irrational spending of the tax·
under way to manufarture the tongue, but in deed and payers' money. So charged
chemical and biological weap· truth."-l John 3:18. the ChambN of Commerce of
ons. The United States Defense the United States in Septem·
ber. A case of mismanagement
Department's expenditures for
biological and che~cal weap-
ons . have nearly quadrupled
'*
Baboon Hearts for Man
South Africa's surgeon
Christian Barnard claims that
came to light recently with
regard 10 equipment at the
in the last five years. In fiscal by 1970 he will be ready to Boulder, Colorado, laborato·
1968 alone, $309,300,000 was transplant a baboon's heart ries of the United States De·
spent for developing these int? a child. Many of his partment of Commerce. Tht"
weapons. And recent reports colleagues disagree, though equipment thcre originally
state that "Soviet army chern· some say that animals will cost $33,800,000. The General
ical warfare training has been eventually make human do· Accounting OIDce on manage·
intensified . . the Soviet nors unnecessary. But the rial shortcomings, in a study.
Army is preparing for and
expects its enemies to engage speed with which such talk identified 226 pieces of equip·
in chemkal warfare and bio· ('an be translated into reality ment as excess or unused.
logical warfare." hinges on solving the problems Most had not been used for
uf rejection. Several years ago three years, some for ten
a pig's heart was transplant· years. Some equipment was
'*
Divided Churches
A Methodist minister who
urged his congregation to hire
cd into a dog. The dog was
dead in 30 seconds. A chim·
purchased when excess equip·
ment of the same type was
a Negro organist as a token panzee's heart was transplant· already on ·hand. The Cham·
display of th(' congregation's ed into a man. The man died ber of Commerce news release
belief in the brotherhood of on the operating table. Chimp states that "it's incompetence
NOVEMBER :U, 196'1 29
like this that helps get us fund-raising dinners also net· enemies, assert dorninanoe,
$25 b1llion deepEtr in debt-the ted their share. Barry Gold- and find their way. The fact
amount of the 1968 federal water's bid tor the presidency that animals and insects have
deficit-and unnecessarily in 1964 cost $19,300,000. Nix· such ingenious bullt·ln devices
builds up a $186 billion feder· on's could easily exceed that. magnifies Jehovah their ere.
al budget for fiscal 1969." Pri· Nixon's television expenses ator, 'in whose wisdom they
vate business could not toler· alone are estimated to bc were made.'-Ps. 104:24.
ate such mismanagement and about $10,000,000.
stay In business. Washington New Attitude!!
Report says that it's doubtful Flood DIsasters .. The chairman of the Fami·
if those responsible In this ~ Floodwaters and land- ly Planning Association In
case got as much as a slap slides in the three northeast· Rhodesia, Mrs. Paddy Spil-
on the wrist for their mis· ern states of West Bengal, haus, said: "There is no doubt
deeds, and adds: "1;he guy Bihar and Assam, -in India that girls today mature 2 to 2~
who gets slapped is the tax· have killed at least 780 people. years earlier than a genera·
payer, who's already badly Refugees say that more than tion ago. ThIs, with new atti·
bruised from the buffeting a thousand persons lost their tudes towards morallty. has
he's getting from bureaucratic lives. Four days of torrential brought new problems." Doc·
extravagances." rains collapsed houses, washed tors in Britain reportedly say
out roads and rail links, leav- that young people today are
'Ohurch Is CrumbUng' ing people without drinking now "sexually active" much
.. A troubled Roman Catholic water and food. Millions in earlier than before. In Britain
wrote a ten·page letter to his the region are faced with a last year there were 70,000
bishop In New Jersey express- serious food shortage. illegitimate births and an esti-
ing vigorous dissatisfaction In the Dinajpur district of mated quarter of a million
with what he described as the East Pakistan, flash. floods "unwanted" births. Many of
"apathy and impotency" of killed at least thirteen persons the mothers were under 16.
the church in general. The and affected the lives of some In America doctors are
author of the letter, a father 1,500,000 people. The flood Icft alarmed by what they call
of eleven children, said that the town of Dinajpur under the "chronic illness" of "sleep-
he had withdrawn six of his at least five feet of water. ing around" among girls un-
children from parish cate- der 16. Alarmed by the in-
chism classes in favor of Animal Communications crease in illegitimate births in
teaching them Christ at home. ~ More than fifteen years of Baltimore, where more than
He also withdrew two of his deciphering animal communi· 1,000 girls aged 14 to 16 be-
children from a Catholic high cations has filled Dr. Wolf· come mothers every year, doc-
school. He said that he felt gang Schleidt of the University tors have opened a "sex for
forced by parental obligations of Maryland with wonder- the single girl" clinic. One out
and family loyalty to bypass ment. Research on things such of every four girls given con·
the confusion of the chnrch as the heat-sensitive infrared traceptives is between 12 and
and teach his children Chris- "eyes" of rattlesnakes, which 14 years Old.
tian concepts within the permit them to see their prey In Salisbury an outspoken
framework of his parental in total darkness, and the mother said: "My daughter
conscience. "To do less," he "sun dances" of bees that serve had an abortion just after she
adds, "WOUld invite parental to direct others in the hive to was 17. From then on I gave
authorlty to crumble, as the nectar sources, has stimulated her the pill. She told me that
church's authority is crum· his scientific curiosity. In addi· almost every girl she knew
bling." tion to his interest in animal slept with boys occasIonally.
sounds, Dr. Schleidt has ob· It has nothing to do with up·
$20-MlUlon Campaign served that odors are impor· bringing. Today no young girl
.. Can a poor man become tant in animal behavior. He is safe. If mothers dare to ask
president of the United States? says that salmon follow their their daughters the truth (s,.nd
Richard M. Nixon's assistants, noses to their places of birth get it) they may get a nasty
long before election day, stat· by remembering how the riv· shock."
ed that his bid for the presi· ers smelled at spawning time.
dency will cost well over $20,· The dung beetle has a special Churches and ESP
000,000. Some 150,000 people antenna through which it can ~ The ·various religions
have sent in small contrIbu· detect odors and determine should study extrasensory per·
tions averaging $15 apiece for wind direction in order to lo- ception (ESP), said a clergy-
a total at $2,250,000. In addi· cate its reward, Other animals man in Omaha. Joseph B,
tion, a series of $1,000 dinners use odors to attract mates, FItch claimed that psychic
produced $4,500,000 and $100 mark territories, drive away phenomena are part of the
30 AWAKE!
Judeo·Christian heritage. and starting fires. This Is Zealand way of Ufe accepts
"Christians should be encour· what he calls' the incentive alcohol as a sociocultural pat·
aged to study all forms of plan. tern. We like to be sociable
extrasensory perception as it at weddings, anniversaries,
is applied to religion," he said. Alcoholism and youth funerals, after football and at
Clergymen should be interest·
ed in psychic phenomena, he
'*' Alcoholism has become
America's fourth-largest
teenage parties . . . . The rna·
jority of teenagers consider
said, because people have psy· health problem, after cancer, the party with alcohol is more
chic and mystical experiences heart disease and mental dis· exciting and acceptable than
today. However, the Bible ease. It has been estimated the party without." This has
categorically condemns such that the annual cost of alco. resulted in delinquency among
search and such practices as holism to American industry youth and broken marriages
degrading and demonic. And alone is between $4,000,000,000 among many adults-another
it warns Christians to keep and $7,000,000,000. This giant evidence of what the Bible
away from such. taU is taken in terms of abo calls "the last days."
senteeism, off·the·job acci-
Paid to Quit Smoking dents, fringe benefits, below· Water Wltchlng PopnIar
'*'A publishing' company in
Iowa gave two of its em·
par work performance and
loss of vallj.able personnel.
'ing
*' The practice of water witch·
is still widespread through-
ployees a $10 raise a month In New Zealand, alcoholism out rural America. At present
because they quit smoking is listed as the third major there arc said to be 25,000
cigarettes. The firm's presl· disease in the country, behind diviners active in the United
dent told 22 employees that heart disease and cancer. The States. Their equipment usual·
he would pay them $10 a Department of Health's senior
month more if they "kicked ly consists of a forked twig
the habit." He said that stud· medical officer, Dr. E. Glen- from a peach or a willow tree
ies show that smokers waste nie, said that one in fifteen or from onc of the many dif·
about eight hours a month on teen-agers who drink alcohol ferent plants called witch ha-
the job smoking, lighting cig· will in time become alcoholic. zels. The practice is associated
arettes, looking for matches Dr. Glennie stated: "Our New with demonism.
1969 lfea~f/~
"/ fl~64 'U'itfle4Je4
Only 4/3
(for Australia, 50c; fOl' South Africa, 35c)
Send also for the beautiful
1969 calendar Only 2/3
(for Australia, ..25c; for South Africa, 18c)
Both may be ordered after November 27
. ....... - ,.. ...... --
WATCH TOWER THE RIDGEWAY LONDON N,W. 7
Please s.. nd nll' . _.. __ .__ ... _ ('op(y, -Ies) 1969 Yearbook oJ Jeho'pah's Witnesses ({'ach, 4/3 [fol'
Australia, 50c; for South Africa, 35c]): ..... _____ -. COPfY, -les) 1969 calendar (each, 2/3 Lfor Australia,
25C: for Soutb AfrJca. 18("]). I am enClosing .. _
Street and Number
Name or Route and Box
Fost Postal
Town District No. Counl~
In: AUSTRALIA: 11 Bere~rord Rd., Strathflcld. N.S.\\'. CANADA: 150 Brjdgcland Avf' .• Toronto I'. Out_ SOU fH
AFRICA: Prl\'at~ B"", 2. P.O. Elan(!~fontcin, Trans,"aal. UNITED STATES: 117 Adam~ St., BI'ooklyn, ::-';-.Y.1l2Gl.
32 AWAKE!
Christmas Among Non-Christians
DECEMBER 8, 1968
THE REASON FOR THIS MAGAZINE
News sources thot are able to keep you awake to the vitol issues of our times must
be unfettered by censorship ond selfish interests. "Awakel" has no fetten. It recognizes
facts, faces facts, is free to publish facts. It is not bound by political ties; it is unham-
pered by traditional creeds. This mogazine Iceeps itself free, that it may speak freely to
you. But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
The viewpoint of "Awakel" is not narrow, but is international. "Awake!" has its
own correspondents in scores of nations. Its articles are read in many lands, in many
languages, by millions of persons.
In every issue "Awake!" presents vital topics on which you should be informed. It
features penetrating articles on social conditions and offers sound counsel for meeting
the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent passes in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the fields of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious issues alert you to molters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences and paints of human interest are all embraced in its coverage. "Awakel" pro-
vides wholesome, instructive reading for every member of the family.
"Awakel" pledges itself to righteous principles, to exposing hidden foes and subtle
dangers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners and strengthening those
disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the establish-
ment of God's righteous new order in this generation.
Get acquainted with "Awake'" Keep awake by reading "Awake!"
CONTENTS
Christmas Among Non-Christians
Safeguard Your Possessions
3
8
Jehovah's Witnesses and
American Freedom ,.
The Rebirth of a Volcano 20
Going Too Fast? 11
Pope's Visit to Latin America-Why? 2.
Millions of People M, Worried 12
"Your Word Is Truth"
From Where the Dew? 15 Is Use of the Rosary Christian? 27
A Father Talks to His Son ,. Watching the World 2.
"It js already the hour for yOU to awoke."
-Ron",no 13,11
DECEMBER 8, 1968 7
HEN a twenty·four·
W year-old woman re- ~"1IM ""
turned from work at 2: 45
p.m. one day in September
1967, she was shocked to
find the lock on the door of
her New York apartment
broken and the rooms a
shambles. Drawers had been
emptied on the floor and
everything pulled out of the
closets. Watches, jewelry
and money were gone.
This experience is be-
coming commonplace in big
American cities and their
suburbs. Working people who are away In many South American countries bur~
all day have become favorite targets of glary is such a great problem that many
daylight purglars. Since most of these homes have high walls around them with
thieves are drug addicts, they take any- fierce dogs running loose in the yard.
thing they can seli-clothes, television Usually it is not safe to go out without
sets, radios, cameras, and so forth. They leaving someone at home to keep thieves
need on an average about twenty-two dol- away.
lars a day to maintain their habit. Since
they realize one dollar for every three to Safeguarding Your Home
five dollars' worth of property they steal, It is not an easy matter to keep bur~
it has been estimated that the 100,000 ad~ glars out of your home, but it is possible
dicts in New York city steal property to make the burglarizing of it so difficult
worth up to $10 million a day. that they will choose to go somewhere else.
Professional burglars usually concen~ The first thing a thief is likely to do
trate on businesses and the homes of well~ is to try the door. There is a good chance
to~do people. Some commute to prosper~ he will find it Wllocked. Out of twenty
ous suburbs in Westchester County near doors in an apartment house that were
New York and by jet plane to distant tried by a woman narcotics addict on one
points, such as Las Vegas, Nevada. Ac~ occasion, sixteen were unlocked. She suc~
cording to Sh~riff John E. Hoy, burglaries ceeded in burglarizing 120 apartments in
in Westchester County have increased 100 this manner. Hotel burglars very often
percent over last year. For the whole operate in the same manner.
United States they were up 55 percent at If a burglar finds the door to your home
the end of 1967 from what they were in locked, he will probably look for the door
1960, key in the traditional hiding places, such
But Americans are not the only people as the ledges over or near the door, un~
having trouble with burglars. Russian del' the welcome mat and in the mailbox.
thieves have been stealing cookers, sinks If you have the practice of hiding a key
and electricity meters from Moscow apart~ in these places, you make it easy for him
ments and selling them in a black market. to rob you. Some people prefer to hide
8 AWAKE!
the key about ten feet from the door. A opened farther to aHow a thief to crawl in.
burglar is not likely to waste time search- When a door has small windows a thief
ing the front of a house for the key if it can break one and reach in to unlock the
is not in the usual hiding places. door. Tempered glass might be used in
Doors opening onto a balcony or into . such panes so they cannot be easily bro-
a basement are usually left unlocked or ken, or a lock might be installed that re-
inadequately locked, giving a thief easy quires a key to open it from the inside
entrance to the house. Once he gets into as well as the outside. There undoubtedly
the basement, for example, he USUally are weak spots in your house that are in-
has free access to the rest of the house viting to a burglar. Finding them and
through the basement door. Getting into strengthening them seem to be reasonable
the basement is not usually difficult. Some- things to do.
times there is an outside door to it that
is seldom locked. If it is locked, the lock Types of Locks
will probably be very weak or the wood A lock commonly used on the front
around it in a deteriorated condition, of- doors of homes in the United States is a
fel'ing little resistance to the thief. spring lock with a triangular latch. It is
Where there is nO outside base-ment a simple matter for a thief to o1.}el\ a U001:
door he can probably crawl in through a having this type of lock. With nothing
basement window. This can easily be pre- more than a plastic card or a piece of
vented by putting bars over the windows Venetian blind that can be worked into
on the inside. In any event a strong lock the crack of the door, he can push the
on the door connecting the rest of the latch back and cause the door to swing
house with the basement, as well as on open. A lock with a rectangular or cir-
a door that may connect the house with cular dead bolt that is not held in place
the garage, provides good protection. by spring tension is much more secure.
Are the windows of your home able to However, if the wood in the doorframe
keep out a burglar? Are they always is soft or rotted from age, the door will
locked when you go away? But even a offer little resistance to a burglar even if
locked window may not be very secure. it does have a strong lock. All he has to
One having upper and lower sections that do is press his shoulder against the door
move usually has a lock that swings into or pry at it with a small crowbar, and it
position to hold the two closed, but a is likely to fly open. The same thing could.
knife blade inserted between them can happen if the screws used to hold a lock
oftentimes swing the lock around to the in place were too short.
open position. People who have had experience with
In some instances a burglar may choose burglaries are convinced that theI'€ ought
to break a window so he can reach in and to be at least two locks on a door. The
undo the lock. He has ways of doing this more difficult you can make things for a
with very little noise. A window lock that thief the better chance you have of dis-
-requires a key to unlock it and stops win~ couraging him so he will go elsewhere.
dow movement by a metal block can pre~ He does not like being delayed very long,
vent a burglar from opening the window. as that increases the chances of his being
This lock also makes it possible to secure seen.
the window when it is open a few inches Having a chain lock on the door is a
at night to let in air, but it cannot be good safety precaution that increases the
DECEMBER 8, 1968 9
obstacles. It also prevents a person from Deception
forcing entrance into your home when A thief will use deception to gain in·
you respond to the doorbell. The screws, formation about your home or to gain en-
however, need to be longer than they trance to it. He may call at your door
usually are so they will hold when a thief pretending to be a salesman, deliveryman
throws his weight against the door. The or repairman and will try to break in if
slotted receiver for the chain is best in· no one answers the door. A New York
stalled on a slant, because if it is horj· woman was robbed of $38,000 in jewelry
zontal, a thief can manipulate the chain and cash by men who gained entrance to
out of the slot by means of a rubber band her Fifth Avenue apartment by posing as
and scotch tape. telephone men. If such men call at your
Do not overlook the other side of the home and you had not asked for them
door where the hinges are. If they are to come, you can call the company they
exposed to the outside a thief can remove claim to represent before letting them in.
the pins and swing the door open despite It should know where it dispatches its
your locks. The hinges need to be can· repairmen.
cealed or be on the inside, and the screws Professional burglars try to appear as if
holding them should be long and in firm they belong in the neighborhood. One who
wood. If they are not, pressure from a concentrated on businesses in the Wall
small crowbar can easily separate the Street section of New York city dressed
hinges from the doorframe. in a business suit and carried his tools in
What if a member of your family loses an attache case. Another wore a dinner
his house key or it is stolen when a purse jacket and drove a new car when he went
is snatched? There is no difficulty in hav· into a well-to-do neighborhood.
ing a duplicate made, but remember that A confessed burglar said he would park
a thief will now have a key to your home his car and watch a house where the
and can get in whenever he pleases. If a lights were out. If none came on in a cer·
snatched purse is returned with the house tain length of time, he would write the
key in it, do not think your home is safe address on a piece of paper with a ficti·
from burglary. The thief very likely had tious name and then go up to the house
a duplicate key made. Some persons hay. and ring the doorbell three or four times.
ing this experience will get the tumbler In the event that someone was home and
units in their locks changed promptly so answered the door he would ask for the
different keys are needed to open them. fictitious person. This would give him a
This seems to be a good practice whenever reason for having rung the belL When no
a person moves into another apartment one answered he proceeded to break in
or house that someone else has occupied. and burglarize the place. Some burglars
It seems to be the only way to be certain will ring the telephone to see if anyone
that no one else has a key to it. is at home and will pretend to have the
A woman can avoid the risk of losing wrong number if the phone is answered.
her key by carrying it in a small pocket You can use strategy too so as to keep
that she can sew on the inside of her dress, thieves away. Instead of advertising that
belt or coat. The pocket can be closed no one is home by turning out all the
with a zipper or a snap. Then if her purse lights when you go out, leave one on in
is stolen the thief will not get her house the bathroom with the door open a crack
key. so it spills into the hall. Even if no one
10 AWAKE!
answers the doorbell or the phone, a thief your best protection against burglar-yo In
cannot be certain that no one is in the areas where burglary is rampant a dog
bathroom. Leaving a light on in a room can also be helpful by drawing their at-
where a thief can look in through a win~ tention to a prowler.
dow will not be as effective, as he can see
that no one is there. What to Do if Burglarized
'A timer is very useful when you go suPPOse you return home and find a
away. for a few days. It can be set to turn window open that had been closed or a
a light on and off at certain times. The door jimmied open. What should you do?
radio can also be hooked up to one. If the It "is not wise to rush in. You Ola¥ f:lmi
light continued to burn during the day~ the thieves still there and put yourself in
time, it would be obvious that no one was jeopardy. They are criminals, and they
home. can be very dangerous, especially when
Permitting newspapers, bottles of milk cornered. It is prudent to call the police
and mail to accumulate while you are and await their arrival before entering
away on a vacation is an invitation to the house.
burglars to heJp themselves to your pos- It may be that a thief will enter one's
sessions. Your absence is also indicated by home at night while one is sleeping. In-
an uncut lawn and an accumulation of ad- stead of grasping a club or other weapon
vertising matter at the front door as well when one is awakened by his prowling
as windblown trash in front of the garage around the house, it is better to call the
doo"!. ~\\t.~. (}i\~UTh'C'S n une 'turns on a 'flgnt
When one burglar found a note telling and makes a little noise the burglar will
the milkman to discontinue milk deliveries flee. But SUppose oDe awakens to find him
because the family would be away for two in the bedroom. Some informed people
weeks, he was able to clean out all the believe that the wise thing to do is to
valuables in the hoose at his leisure. He pretend to be asleep. If one jumps up and
even sold the furniture to a furniture com- grabs the thief, one is likely to Jose one's
pany. When a neighbor came over to see life, and life is far more valuable than
what was going on when the furniture was the money and jewels he is after.
being moved out, the thief pretended to To safeguard YOllr possessions it is only
be a nephew of the family and daimed sensible to lock all the outside doors when
that they had decided to move to :florida. you retire at night and when you leave the
The neighbor was not suspicious, because house. Locks of good quality on the doors
the family had not told her their plans. and on the windows will give you good
Before leaving on a vacation it is usu· protection. By doing everything you can
ally wise to let your neighbors know to make it difficult for thieves to get into
where you are going and how long you your home you have a better chance of
intend to be away. They are probably keeping the things you have.
'* More Ulan 4,200,000 persons in the UnIted States sustained injuries
in automobile accidents last year. Driver error, according to one insur',
~:nl::'<': ~m~'i\"j''''' t\.l\l\"U:a\ bta\'>.b\'>.t:B, -wa;; :r~spunID'n),e ior more 'tnan '8tJ
percent of the 1967 highw<tY casualties. And excess speed was Involved
in 39 percent of the 52,200 highway deaths.
DECEMBER 8, 1968 11
OR the third time in the space of six it is to continue the paralysis of this
F weeks the city of New York was hit
by a teachers' strike on October 13, 1968.
school system and the polarization of
forces in New York. I ask those most di-
The schools were locked to a million chi!· rectly involved: can the children learn,
dren, and custodians turned off water and can the teachers instruct, can a communi-
electricity in support of the strikers. Ver- ty exercise its responsibility, can the
bal abuse, racial conflict and violence ag- peace of the city be maintained, if we
gravated the tense situation, and the continue what has happened these past
peace of the whole city was threatened. few weeks?"
The serious trouble in New York is not Bad as the situation was, the trouble
an isolated case. Mounting trouble is seen was not limited to the operation of schools.
in cities all over the world. People are During October New York policemen de-
wondering what it all means. They are clared a work slowdown after rejecting a
worried. contract with the city that their union
One week after the start of this third officers had accepted. Because of the haz-
strike in New York, Mayor Lindsay had ards of their work they believe they
this to say about the explosive situation: should be first in pay standing among city
"Since Monday, our school system has employees.
been paralyzed by the third teachers' The demands by the police prompted
strike of the fall. This dispute is rooted the city's firemen, who have had parity
in complex issues of professional rights with the police for eighty years, also to
and community responsibility. begin a slowdown after rejecting their
"But toe qispute has now grown be- new contract. They were determined that
yond these issues. It has in the last week the existing pay balance with the police
degenerated into intolerable racial and re- not be changed.
ligious tension. Black extremists have City sanitation men watched the police
shouted anti-white and anti-semitic epi- and firemen and declared that they would
thets at teachers. White teachers have junk a new contract that they had just
shouted racial epithets at parents, non- ratified if the police and firemen got more
striking teachers and at children .... The than what was agreed in their new con-
issue now is whether we can continue to tracts. The public had good cause to be
survive as a city if each dissatisfied group worried.
breaks the links which bind it to a com- In response to these moves the mayor
mon purpose of preserving order. . . . expressed his detennination to stay by
"Everyone can now see how dangerous what was agreed upon in the contracts.
12 AWAKE!
He said that if he were to reopen nego- become a serious threat to its members.
tiations a chain reaction could result And so 40,000 teachers and sympathizers
among city employees that could produce put on a huge demonstration at City Hall
"complete anarchy in labor relations." In in support of its demands.
the meantime the city must contend with A great many of the teachers in New
a work slowdown by the police and fire- York city are Jewish, and their fear of
men as well as the school strike. losing their jobs because of racism was
expressed by Jacques Toreczyner, presi-
Why the Sqhool Crisis? dent of the Zionist Organization of Ameri-
The dispute with the teachers' union ca. He said that "thousands of Jewish
began last May when the governing board schoolteachers" were confronted with pos~
of the Ocean Hill-Brownsville school dis- sible expulsion with the spread of decen-
trict tried to transfer some union teach- tralization of the city schools. He saw this
ers out of the district without a formal resulting from the major role black ex~
charge against them. This is one of three tremists were expected to play in the lo~
school districts in New York city that is cal governing school boards.
part of an experiment in community con~ A similar view was expressed by an-
trol. The community has elected their other Jewish leader, Dr. William A. WexM
own people to a governing board for the ler, who stated that the Jewish commu-
schools. nities "cannot shrug off a practice of
The teachers' tUlion saw in this attempt discrimination in reverse that ousts a
to dismiss teachers without formal charg- schoolteacher from his job in a ghetto
es a threat to unionized teachers wherever neighborhood to satisfy the new black
there is a largely colored population and power criteria for self-segregation."
school decentralization. It feared that That the feeling among Jewish teach~
such teachers would be unjustly dis~ ers over this issue is very strong became
missed on the basis of race. evident on the evening of October 15
The head of the teachers' union, Albert when Mayor Lindsay addressed a crowd
Shanker, expressed this fear in these of 1,700 persons massed inside a Brook-
words: "Local control tends to encourage lyn Jewish center. They booed and jeered
provincialism and racism. Someday, in the mayor, goading him to anger when
some white district, black teachers are he tried to plead for understanding of
going to be removed as white teachers school decentralization. A crowd of 5,000
were in New York." outside chanted, "Lindsay must go!"
In another speech, Mr. Shanker stated The crowd was so noisily discorn-teous
that some of the unwanted teachers in the while the mayor was trying to speak that
Ocean Hill-Brownsville district had been Rabbi Harry Halpern went to the micro-
threatened. They had been told to their phone and said: "As Jews, you have no
faces, he said, "If you stay in the schools, right to be in a synagogue acting the way
}'ou will be killed." He went on to ob- you are acting.. , . Is this an exemplifi~
serve: "If this happened in New York, cation of the ideals of Jewish faith?" In
how long will it be before it happens in reply there were shouts of "Yes, yes!"
Philadelphia, in Chicago, Detroit, Wash~ In another part of the city angry people
ington, Los Angeles and so forth '?" were trying to get the mayor impeached.
Thus the union took the view that its Clergyman C, Herbert Oliver, chairman
fight was against something that could of the Ocean Hill-Brownsville school
DECEMBER 8, 1968 la
board, denied the charge of racism. He so heated that the president of the New
said that opponents had been spreading York Board of Education, John M. Door,
lies "about supposed threats and racial remarked, on October 20, that "the situa-
hatred in our district. These lies have tion is bleak tonight." He further ob-
nevertheless been believed by a good part served that "the people are discouraged to
of the white community, even though our a point of almost despair." This was evi-
schools are now effectively working with dent from the desperate efforts made by
a teaching staff that is 75 percent white some of the angry parents to open locked
and 50 percent Jewish." schools by breaking windows and climb-
ing in to open the doors. A few teachers
Agreement Broken were willing to enter these schools and
The second strike by the teachers was teach the small groups of children who
ended by an understanding that the dis- came in. A few other children were at-
missed teachers would be permitted to re- tending some temporary classes conducted
turn to their classrooms in the Ocean by a few striking teachers in community
Hill-Brownsville school district. But many centers. But the majority were not get-
of them found their way blocked by jeer- ting any instruction.
ing, cursing demonstrators when they ar- Seniors were worried about how this
rived for work. With the help of the po- would affect their applications for college,
lice the teachers were able to get through and other students were worried about
the angry mob. how they would regain the time lost by
After getting into the school thirty-ninethe strike. As for the students as a whole,
of the teachers, a newspaper reported, Mr. Doar observed: "Students in all grades
were not given teaching assignments. The have lost momentum, which will be in-
lUlion contended that the teachers were creasingly difficult to regain."
also harassed and threatened. The chair- The angry, cursing mobs, the shooting
man of the board, Mr. Oliver, was re- of three policemen in front of one of the
ported as saying that the board had never Ocean Hill-Brownsville schools and the
agreed to return the disputed teachers to disregard shown by teachers, policemen
their .regular classroom duties. He also and firemen for the state law prohibiting
said: "To bring them back in here is to strikes and work slowdowns by city em-
destroy decentralization in this district." ployees did not help build respect for ,au-
So the union called its third strike. thority among the students.
The administrator of the Ocean Hill- Commenting on how the children may
Brownsville school district, Rhody McCoy, be affected by what they have seen as a
remarked: "We have something out here result of the strike, Morris Black, a
worth fighting for, and we're going to psychiatric social worker, said: "I can't
fight." The teachers' union, on the other conceive of this strike not having a bad
hand, was just as deteI'mined to fight for effect on any child from any neighbor~
the reinstatement of the dismissed teach- hood-ghetto or middle class." Professor
ers. In fact, Mr. Shanker said that the Harry Beilin remarked that the "strike is
an undermining of the ability to respect
strike would continue until the leaders of
authority."
the Ocean Hill-Brownsville district were
removed. "Jungle of Unreason"
The situation, with its racial under- Editorializing on the situation, the New
pinnings, was so tense and tempers were York Times of October 21 stated: "The
14 AWAKE!
example of collective disrespect for law There is more meaning to it all than many
the police are setting merely re.i.qforces realize.
the contempt for orderly process shown The trouble in New York city and in
by both union and governing board in the other cities of the world is just another
Ocean Hill dispute ..•• But the rights o~ of the many indications of a coming
a million children, now pawns in a de~ storm that will crash updD every city and
structive power battle, have to be accord- country. Forewarnings of it are repeated-
ed top priority. Prolongation of this battle ly given in the Bible.
will destroy both the schools and the city." In one place the Bible foretells that
There can be little doubt that millions there would be "anguis.h of nati<ms, ru>t
of New Yorkers are worried as to what knowing the way out," and in another
the city's troubles will lead to. The edi- place it prophesies: "But know thIs, that
torial just quoted also observed: "The in the last days critical times hard to deal
citywide school shutdown is transforming with will be here. For men will be lovers
New York into a jungle of unreason." of themselves, lovers of money, self-
But the city's troubles with the schools, assuming, haughty. blasphemers, disobe-
policemen and firemen are not all that it dient to parents, unthankful, disloyal, hav~
may have to face. In the New York Times ing no natural affection, not open to any
of October 23, James Reston wrote: agreement."_Luke 21:25; 2 Tim. 3:1.g.
"Meanwhile, even some of the most mod- Are we not seeing all these foretold
erate Negro leaders in New York now talk happenings today? The increasing trou-
openly of guerrilla war and see the school bles that New York city and other cities
crisis as one more dramatic evidence of
have been having because people have
the determination of the white commu~
nity to oppose and even smash any seri- 'not been open to any agreement' help to
ous efforts by the Negroes to get power confirm the significance of the many oth-
and control over the public institutions er Bible-foretold happenings that have
that condition their lives." been taking place since World War I.
With the bitterness, violence and seem- These mark the "last days" of the present
ing unreasonableness of those involved in system of things.
the city's troubles, many persons are won- Thus the indications of the nearness of
dering what has come over the world. the "war of the great day of God the Al-
What does it all mean? Seeing the mount- mighty" that will bring theS'a "laost w:ys."
ing troubles world wide, people every- to a close become more evident every day.
where have good reason to be worried. -Rev. 16:14.
HAT is it like to
W stand under a
volcano in full erup-
tion, to see a town in
the process of being
buried under tons of tavia from Tileran, sev-
volcanic ash, to talk enteen miles from the
to someone who has volcano, tell us about it:
suddenly lost all he owned and narrow- "Very early Monday morning I was going
ly escaped with his life? How do peo- about my business when I began to hear
ple react? What does one fall back on loud thunder. Naturally I thougllt we were
under such circumstances? If you would in for a storm. Then I felt an earth tremor,
like to know, come along with us to but even that was not unusual for our part
Mount ArenaL of the country. What reany worried me
Mount Arenal was an extinct volcano was the next development. Drops of mud
in the province of Alajuela, about forty~ began falling from the sky! It was rain-
five miles northwest of San Jose, Costa ing mud! Soon ash began to fall too and,
Rica's capital. It is part of a system of being damp, it stuck to everything, We
fifty volcanoes distributed over an area had to face the terrible truth-Arenal
156 miles long. In view of the m'any large was erupting!"
trees at its base, experts estimate that Another eyewitness, Luz Maria de
Arenal had not erupted in the last 600 Conejo from the town of Arenal, about
years-not since 100 years before Colum- eight miles from the volcano, tells this
bus arrived in America. story: "Monday morning we felt three
The local folk had no fear of this vol- strong earth tremors and heard deep, loud
cano, for it was classified as extinct, and mmblings. Then, around 8 a.m., we
some maps did not even call it an extinct thought we heard rain on the roof, but a
volcano, but simply a hilL Some even neighbor shouted excitedly, 'This is not
camped in its vegetation~lined craier, rain, it is sand!' "
some 7,600 feet above sea level. One such Pressure had evidently been building
group of campers verified reports of vol- up in the huge 5,356~foot cone for some
canic action that had been suspected since time, and, because the chimney leading to
1951. the crater at the top was tightly blocked,
it finally blew a huge hole in the north-
The Eruption west side about halfway up the slope. Like
However, on Monday, July 29, 1968, a giant cannon it fired a barrage of semi-
strange things began to happen near molten rocks weighing from a few ounces
Mount Arenal. Let eyewitness Olivier Ar- to nearly one ton, a cyclone of fire, boil-
20 AWAKE!
ing slag, hot ash and poisonous hydro- eruptions. We hoped it was all over." But
chloric and sulphuric gases at a tempera- it was far from over. That night there
ture of 1,696° Fahrenheit. were more earth tremors, lightnings and
The town of Pueblo Nuevo, three miles tbWlderous fireballs shooting from the
away, and Tabac6n, two miles from the volcano.
volcano, were in the line of fire. The bar- At 7: 10 p.m. came the third eruption,
rage burned everything in its path, leav- with a sound like an atomic explosion. A
ing trees broken, twisted and charred. fourth eruption the next day, Tuesday,
Huge boulders were hurled a distance of sent a jet of ash 20,000 feet into the sky.
three miles. Whole houses were destroyed By this time thousands of fish had died
when hit by just one of those boulders, in the rivers, so contaminating them that
killing entire families. Some, on impact the water was useless to man or beast.
with the earth, blasted out craters as Despite an emergency supply of water by
large as thirty-five feet in diameter. tank trucks, at one time there was not
The temperature in the immediate area one drop of drinkable water in the town
was reported to be 122° Fahrenheit. Vast of Las Canas, twenty-five miles from the
amounts of ash shot into the air and, volcano. With 26,000 to 30,000 head of
pushed by high winds caused by the vol- cattle in the affected area, you can have
cano's heat, started to fall over an area some idea of the seriousness of the situa-
of approximately eighty by thirty-eight tion.
miles, ruining pastures and farms many Still the eruptions were not over. Let
miles from the erupting giant. Why, in eyewitness Jorge Melendez tell you of his
Santa Cruz, over fifty miles away, auto- experience Tuesday afternoon: "I was
mobiles crept along with headlights on visiting my family in the area of Aguas
at 11 o'clock in the morning. By this time Gates River several miles from the vol-
ash was almost two feet deep in Pueblo cano when there was a sudden eruption.
Nuevo and Tabac6n. In fact, it eventually It was fantastic! There was a terrifying
buried entire ,houses in the area. roar like that of a jet plane, interrupted
At 11: 30 Monday morning came a by deafening explosions, the concussions
worse eruption. Torrents of lava were this from which shook the water in our stor-
time added to the barrage. A tongue of age tanks. Huge balls of fire mingled with
fire, as though fed by some giant flame- smoke cartwheelcd skyward. Within half
an hour there started a heavy downpour
thrower, scorched close to 25,000 acres
of ash the like of which I had never seen.
and left in its path twenty-six dead per- All of us got into the house. The fallout
son~ and hundreds of roasted or stifled caused a weird darkness that made it nec-
cattle. Imagine the effect of the ash on essary to use lights in the middle of the
the rivers! Tabac6n Creek, which can afternoon. It was hot, as though the tropi-
normally be crossed on foot, rose to thir- cal SWl was beating directly upon us, By
teen feet. The Aguas Gates River cut off 5 p.m. it was darker than midnight out-
escape for many. side."
According to Senora de Conejo: "We "Darker than midnight?" I asked
were greatly encouraged by the fact that skeptically.
things had calmed down considerably "Yes," he said, "because even at mid-
Monday afternoon, and we set about the night you can see something, but we could
task of repairing damages caused by the see nothing at all. We saw less at five in
DECEMBER 8, 1968 21
the afternoon than we saw at eleven that On Wednesday two expeditions set off
night when the fallout began to diminish." to get a closer look. A group of twenty
And Senora de Canejo, who witnessed persons in four jeeps went into the Ta-
this same development from her home in bacon area on the northwest side of
the town of Arenal, reported: "I was Mount Arenal with diesel fuel to burn the
standing up on a hill not far from my hundreds of dead cattle. At 1:10 p.m. came
house watching the volcano when, about a tremendous explosion that was heard in
2 p.m., I heard a loud explosion and saw Granada, Nicaragua, over 125 miles away.
a violent eruption of ash and fire. My In one or two seconds it was all over. The
heart sank. I knew what that meant: an- caravan was right in the line of fire. Two
other fallout of ash and plenty of it. I of the vehicles with their ten occupants
rushed to my husband who was clearing were completely burned. The other two
the ash from Monday's eruption off our were badly damaged by heat and red-hot
roof, and we decided right away to wrap stones, the occupants sustaining moderate
the baby in a sheet and run to a relative's injuries.
house. The huge downpour of ash had Meantime, three scientists went up the
already begun and this one looked bad. north side of the volcano to measure the
"My husband and my mother decided chemical content of the material being
to run back to the house and grab as emitted, to get temperature readings and
many things as they could before getting to plant a portable seismograph. Thus far
out fast. By the time they reached the discharges had been through the hole on
house they could distinguish nothing- the northwest slope, but this time a hole
only a bundle of odds and ends that I had was blasted on the north side, immediate-
hurriedly left on the living-room floor. ly above the trio of scientists-2,OOO feet
They grabbed that and groped their way above them. A one-second whirlwind of
back to the car. By this time panic was fire and debris shot straight out over their
mounting on Arenal's streets. People were heads, and because they were directly be-
arriving by horse from farther back in low they received only slight burns. The
the hills. In desperation they were aban- north side, lush and green when they
donlng horses, saddles and all, and head- started their ascent, was now scorched
ing for any kind of vehicle with a motor. An eruption on Thursday. killed ten
The two children and I were able to get more persons who ventured too close.
Their bodies were found near their semi-
room in a car and my husband came later
by bus." melted cars, for apparently they had tried
to flee at the last minute. It was as though
Due to that heavy fallout, visibility in they had passed through a blast furnace.
the town of Liberia, fifty-two miles away, Even rescuers who came to reclaim the
was only thirty-three feet. By 3 p.m. bodies had to flee with just two of them
Wednesday a state of national emergency when clouds of smoke and gas billowed
was declared and the area of major de- toward them.
struction and danger was closed off to
civilians, and with good reason. Only peo- A Firsthand Look at Arenal
ple with four-wheel-drive vehicles and Food and clothing were generously con-
legitimate business were permitted to pass tributed for people affected by the disas-
the checkpoints, and once they passed in, ter. Schools and private homes opened
they were on their own. their doors to the refugees, whose num-
22 AWAKE!
ber rose to 6,300. Jehovah's witnesses in had collapsed. One home we saw had its
Costa Rica were informed of the needs of door ajar, furniture scattered all about,
their Christian brothers in the stricken and a dog' standing silently nearby.
area and relief centers were set up at The few people in the area wore rain-
three locations. It was in connection with coats and a cloth over the mouth. The
shipping supplies to these places and hills, a bright tropical green less than a
checking on other matters that I visited week ago, now looked like sand dunes.
the town of Arenal on Sunday, August 4. Arenal was a ghost town amid a volcanic
When we got to within thirty miles of desert. We asked one of the refugees how
the volcano the blue sky turned into a he felt. He just said, aCon miedo," which
muddy brown and we mea n s "scared."
noticed light accu- Some cattle trotted
ARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE
mulations of ash by • Is the Hope for Peace Only an
back and forth fear-
the roadside. There Illusion? fully in a vain search
• YOU Are What You Feed Your Brain.
was the smell of sul- • Winter Cold Can Be Deadly.
for food, water and
phur in the air. We • Jehovah'. WitneueB in Quebec shelter from the
Yesterday and TOday.
delivered some relief downpour of ash.
items in Las Caiias Soon a muddy rain
and soon left for Tilarim at the edge of the began to spot up our windshield.
"zone of death." Truckloads of cattle As we departed we could see the Arenal
passed us on their way out. The ash be- River almost clogged with ash and re-
came more plentiful. Graders and trucks duced to a trickle. The farther we got
were plowing it to the sides of the road. from the disaster scene, the better we
Strong winds whipped up something quite felt. It was good to breathe fresh air
similar to a desert sandstorm. I could feel again and see the blue sky and green hills.
the gritty stuff in my hair, eyes and teeth. As we left behind the ash-filled sky and
In Tilaran the streets were almost de- the grayish-brown desolation the whole
serted. Our business cared for, we ob- situation seemed like a bad dream. It will
tained a permit to enter the "zone of be difficult, however, to forget the utter
death." We had a man with us who knew dejection of the man who said to some
the area well.' Chuckholes in the road were Witnesses in the area: "You still have
smiles on your faces because you have a
filled with ash, and it was like driving
religion that gives you hope. I have no
along a smooth beach. In the direction of hope, I have lost all."
the volcano the sky was black. We did
There are instruments for keeping
not know that the volcano had just erupt- watch in volcanic regions, instruments
ed and that we were about to experience that measure the telltale sounds and move-
for ourselves a heavy fall of ash. ments deep below the surface. Had these
We satisfied ourselves that the roof of been in use, such an eruption could have
the Kingdom Hall had not caved in as had been predicted perhaps weeks in advance,
been reported. It had been braced when it and much of the tragic loss of life and
started to sag under the weight of ash. personal property might have been avoid-
Happily, too, the rumor that some of our ed. As it is, hundreds of families lost their
Christian brothers had been among the possessions and must now seek a fresh
dead was false. We did note that the Cen- start elsewher('. As to Mount Arenal,
tral Hotel, several stores and many houses people are not now taking it for granted!
DECEMBER 8, 1968 23
POPE'S VISIT 1:0
''-r.c Lal:in A .... erica-Why?
. 'to.
By "Aw.:Ikel" correspondent in Colombia
ATE in August, ticularly from the time that the first Eu~
L Pope Paul VI
flew to Colombia,
ropean colonizers arrived. The problem is
basically that a small number of people
South America. His visit was timed to hold the wealth and live in comfort, while
coincide with the final part of the Roman the masses struggle in poverty, barely
Catholic Church's 39th Eucharistic Con- subsisting. One estimate places nearly all
gress in Bogota. the wealth of these Latin American na~
This was the first time that a pope had tions in the hands of only 3 percent of the
come to South America. Never before in population. But now the poor are turning
history had the head of the Roman Catho- to violence in an effort to secure for
lic Church set foot on this continent. Why themselves a greater share of the national
did he make such a historic visit at this product.
time? What were the underlying reasons? The church finds itself in a precarious
position in the face of the common peo-
Church Dilemma in Latin America ple's demands for social reform. It has
According to many observers it was traditionally been allied with the land-
not just the wish to make a simple pil- owning ruling element, dating back to
grimage that prompted the pope to wing when the invading conquistadors waded
his way 6,000 miles to South America. ashore wielding the sword and were fol-
The Latin American edition of Time lowed by the priests who planted the
for August 23, 1968, noted "the explosive cross. The dilemma the church now faces
condition of the Roman Catholic Church is that of trying to appease the poor who
in Latin America." This report added: make up the bulk of the Catholic popula-
"As never before in its history ... it faces
tion and at the same time stay within the
an internal crisis that is both spiritual
and political, partly because it contains good graces of the rich and influential.
outspoken extremes of rebellion and re~ These mounting pressures, many
action." churchmen claim, emphasize the need for
Hence, it was more than a pilgrimage a change in the attitude of the church and
that attracted the pope to Latin America. an active participation in the people's
It was also to deal with the seeds of un~ struggle for better living conditions. It
rest and discontent that have sprouted was hoped that the pope would bring with
into open rebellion, not only against poli~ him a new plan for the church to find a
ticians, but also against church policies. way out of the web of demands for eco-
One cause for conflict is the ills that nomic reform and its own internal dis-
have afflicted this part of the world, par~ agreements.
24 AWAKE!
Priests Break with Church Policy at the same time he emphasized that they
ManY priests have not waited for a should work to prevent such calls from
change in church policy. Voicing concern erupting into violence, The conservative
for the material well-being of their peo- element of the church was pleased with
ple, some have openly defied the church's such pronouncements.
traditional currying of favor with the up- However, the radical elements saw this
per classes. as inconsistent. They felt as did Joseph
These priests are calling for outright Michenfelder, a priest directing tile Cath-
j'ebellion in order to gain economic im- olic Information Service in Peru, who
provement. As Time stated: "A vocifer- said: "The Catholic revolutionaries are
ous, miiitant mlno.tty at radical prIests, basing their efforts on the Popes' enCYcli-
prelates and laymen argue that the church cals, especially the recent 'Development
must embrace revolution, even Marxism, of Peoples,' which says that in places
to survive." where peaceful change has failed. violent
Several instances can be cited to show revolution may be the final necessity,"
the growing impatience of this groUp with The pope had indeed issued an encycli-
current church policy. Shortly before the cal that allowed for revolutionary uprising
pope's visit, some two hundred Catholics, "where there is manifest long-standing
including nuns and priests, barricaded tyranny which would do great damage to
themselves for fifteen hours inside a ca- fundamental personal rights and danger-
thedral in Santiago, Chile. From there ous harm to the common good of the
the~ 'i.SSU£d a ~:late.me.nt ~nmm'='.-i,l\~ l:..\w. ~~t.,,"i.'-j:'
coming of Pope Palll to Colombia. They Commenting on this inconsistency,
said that his presence would merely serve New!fWeek of September 2, 1968, stated:
to strengthen existing church ties with "Clearly, Paul was trying to negate his
the political and military powers. In Gua- previous position stated cautiously
temala certain priests and nuns were re- enough two years ago in 'Populorum Pro-
cently accused of collaborating with sedi- gressio,' that violent revolution may be
tionist elements and were thrown out of licit in an extreme case of 'manifest and
the country. In Colombia a priest aban- long-standing tyranny.' Many leftist Latin
doned his church duties to join a gllerriIlaCatholics have since accepted the Pope's
movement. When he was later shot and
words as an apt description of their so-
killed, traditionalist church leaders would
'='.'&t~ '&\~ 'U~~ 'u\:;, ~'j'X:\\'fu\ W:> TIM'lll
not anow a requlem mass for him.
justification for revolution. But it was
Hence, against this background many
saw in the coming of the pope an attempt soon apparent that Paul's pilgrimage was
to quell the growing nwnber of dissidents part of a much larger effort by Vatican
among the Latin American clergy and to conservatives to prevent the Latin bishops
reconcile the opposing camps that have from endorsing any radical social pro-
already formed among them. grams at all."
However, many priests continued to op-
Pope's Pronouncements pose the Vatican's conservative policies.
Favor Conservatives Time noted:, "Surprisingly, about 40% of
In his addresses, the pope stressed the the bishops in Latin America, mostly
n~u iOT the IJries'ts to neaT fue CallS tor younger men, sympathize in whole or part
social change and economic liberation. But with a theology of revolution."
DECEMBER 8, 1968 25
Disilluswnment Cali's 850,000 inhabitants only 50,000 at~
Many observers agreed that, although tend Mass.... of those 50,000 practicing
the pope sounded a call to peace and . . . two thirds are women." And the
brotherhood, his trumpet note was waver- Evening Post of South Carolina relates a
ing and Wlcertain. No precise proposals report from Caracas on February 6, 1968,
were put forth. No clear course to im- which says: "The churches stand almost
prove the lot of the impoverished masses empty on Sunday; a typical Venezuelan
was outlined. hasn't been to mass in 15 years; the whole
Hence, while some would remember the country-a country of 9,300,000 nominal
pope's visit as a high point in their lives, Catholics-produced only 33 priests last
many others would not. As Newsweek year."
commented: "Still larger numbers are apt The percentage of practicing Catholics
to remember that their distinguished visi- in Latin America, already strikingly low,
tor, for all of his eloquence, brought them will likely continue to drop. Why? Be-
little hope that their lot may realJy be cause the future leaders of the church are
improved." diminishing in relation to the population.
How the masses view the pope can be As indicated by the ordination of priests
seen from the conclusion Newsweek draws in Venezuela, many men who fonnerlY
of the visit: "They saw him as a great would have considered a priestly career
potentate from far away, who shared the are now not interested. In many cities the
speakers' platform with government lead- seminarif's are virtually empty of students.
ers and proud representatives of the ruling Added to this is the fact that an increas-
oligarchs, and accordingly they seemed ing number of priests aU over the world
much more interested and impressed with are abandoning the priesthood. This has
the bread-and-circus aspects of the visit . resulted in a growing shortage of priests.
. . . Paul's initially tumultuous and mov- That is why in Latin America the ratio of
ing reception had been somehow turned priests to the population has fallen. One
into a kind of Catholic carnival, with the report stated that there is now only one
Pope as the main attraction, thus under- priest for every 5,600 professed Catholics.
scoring once again the fact that Catholi- Consequently, Latin America's disillu-
cism's roots do not run deep in Latin
sioned millions are likely to grow in num-
America's stony soiL"
ber as they see little or no hope of im-
So then, few, if any, of the already
provement in their plight and as they
disillusioned millions were attracted back
to the church by the pope's visit. And observe the upper classes continue to
these make up a substantial force. Al- maintain a firm, though apprehensive
though it is claimed that a third of the grasp on the national wealth. Nor will
world's Roman Catholics live in Latin they receive any spiritual comfort as they
America, it is a fact that only about 10 note their church's clergymen arguing
percent of the population practice their with one another over an ever-widening
religion. Some estimates are even lower. breach that could lead to revolution, an-
For instance, El Espectador of Cali, Co- archy and to the ruin of the Roman
lombia, stated on August 26, 1967: "Of Catholic Church in Latin America.
26 AWAKE!
composed by Catholic theologians. It says:
"Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us
sinners, now and at the hour of our death.
Amen." Other short prayers also are in-
cluded in the rosary, so that its entire
recitation takes some fifteen minutes, if
it is not hurried.
• Mary obviously is the one e\;!,~~\'O.ll)'
honored by the rosary. Why, in the saying
of the rosary the "Hail Mary" is repeated
fifty-three times and the "Our Father'>
ILLIONS of Catholics throughout the
M world regularly pray with the use
of a rosary. They sincerely believe that
prayer only six times. The Catholic jour-
nal Marriage of March 1967 commented:
"The Church has consistently recommend-
this practice is Christian, and that it is ed the rosary as a true form of Marian
pleasing to Almighty God. But is it devotion:"
Christian? Does reciting the rosary find 5 But is it Christian to rende't devotion
support in the Holy Scriptures? Is there or worship to Mary? The fact is that
really benefit from praying this way? nowhere in the Bible do we read of any~
Z The rosary, in its common form, con~ one praying to Mary or rendering devo~
sists of a chain of five sets of ten small tion to her. The Scriptures, instead, make
beads, marked off or separated by five dear that a11 worship should go to Al~
larger beads. The ends of this chain are mighty God. (Matt. 4:10) The Bible re~
joined by a medal bearing the imprint of veals that not even a prominent apostle
Mary. Hanging from this medal is a short such as Peter should be given reverence.
chain that has three more small beads, When the Italian centurion Cornelius
a larger bead and a crucifix. The beads bowed down to adore him, the inspired
are fingered as the prayers are said, and account says. "Peter lifted him Up, say-
in this way the prayers can be counted ing: Arise, I myself also am a man."
exactly. (Acts 10:25, 26, Catholic Dou-ay Version)
S The reciting of the rosary starts with Jesus explained that God should 00 aD-
the repeating of the "Apostles' Creed," a proached only through him, and not Mary,
creed that did not originate with the apos- saying: "No man cometh to the Father,
tles of Jesus and is not found in the Bible. but by me."-John 14:6, Dy.
Then, as one comes to each of the six 6 The rosary exalts Mary as the "Moth-
larger beadS, the familiar prayer Jesus er of God." But do the Christian Scrip~
taught his followers is recited. (Matt. 6: tures teach that she is God's mother?
9-13) This is commonly called by Catho- Please turn in your Bible to Luke 1: 35.
lics the "Our Father" prayer. Also, as There you will find the angel's words to
each of the fifty-three smaller beads is Mary: "Therefore also the Holy whkh
fingered, a "Hail Mary" is recited. This shall be born of thee shall be called the
short prayer is based principally on the Son of God." (Dy) Note that the hoJy
words of the angel Gabriel and of Eliza- child was the Son of God, not God himself.
beth to Mary, as found at Luke 1:28, 42. It is impossible that an earthly woman
However, the concluding part of the could be the mother of God, who has ex-
prayer is not based on the Bible, but was isted "from eternity and to eternity." (Fs.
DEJCEMBER 8, 1968 27
89:2, Dy) Therefore, could the rosary, common from time imruemorial among
the principal prayer of which is in direct many non-Christian peoples. On the other
conflict with the teachings of the Bible, hand. its use by Catholics is of compara-
really be Christian? tively recent origin. Observes the New
Also, is it Christian to repeat the same Oatholic Encyclopedia (1967 edition, Vol.
prayers over and over again as is done XII, p. 668); "The origins are traceable
in the rosary? Why, in just the fifty~three to the tender devotion to Jesus and Mary
repetitions of the "Hail Mary" well over that arose in the 12th century." The use
2,000 words are used! Does the Bible en~ of the rosary admittedly was unknown
courage such use of many words? Ob~ among early Christians, and one will not
serve what Jesus taught about this in his find it mentioned in the Bible. History
famous Sermon on the MOWlt: "When shows that its use is of heathen origin,
you are praying, speak not much, as the and true worshipers of God are warned
heathens. For they think that in their to avoid such non~Christian practices.
much speaking they may be heard. Be -2 Cor. 6:14-17; Jer. 10:2.
not you therefore like to them, for your 10 So, rather than repetitiously saying
Father knoweth what is needful for you, the same prayers over and over again, the
before you ask him." (Matt. 6:7, 8, Dy) Bible urges Christians to take in knowl-
Clearly God's Word does not approve the edge of God and his purposes; "Carefully
use of wordy, repetitious prayers. study to present thyself approved unto
8 Interestingly, however, devotees of God, a workman that needeth not to be
heathen religions have long used rosaries ashamed, rightly handling the word of
to cOWlt their repetitious prayers. Regard~ truth." (2 Tim. 2:15, Dy) It is such a
iog this The Catholic Encyclopedia (1912 study of the Bible, along with your con~
edition, Vol. XIII, pp. 184 and 185) says: forming to its righteous standards, that
"It is tolerably obvious that whenever any will lead to your receiving God's blessing
prayer has to be repeated a large number and eternal life.-John 17:3.
of times recourse is likely to be had to
some mechanical apparatus less trouble·
some than counting upon the fingers. In
almost all countries, then, we rneet with Can you answer these questions? For answers
read fhe article above.
something in the nature of prayer·counters
or rosary·beads. Even in ancient Nineveh a ( 1 I What questions are raised in connection
sculpture has been found thus described by with the use of the rosary in worship? (2) Of
Layard in his 'Monuments' n, plate 7): what does the rosary cammonly consist, and
''Two winged females standing before the of what service are the beads? (3) What are
sacred tree in the attitude of prayer; they some prayers that are included in the saying
Hit the extended right hand and hold in the of the rosary? (4) Who obviously is especially
left a garland or rosary.' ... [Also] among honored in the soying of the rosary? (5) Is it
the Mohammedans the Tasbih or bead· Scripturally proper to render devotion or wor-
string .. , has been in use for many cen· ship to Mary? (6 I Is it right for Christians to
turies. Marco Polo, visiting the King of call Mary the "Mother of God"? (7) Did Jesus
Malabar in the thirteenth century, found teach that one shauld repetitiously use many
to his surprise that that monarch employed words in his prayers? (8) What dOes "The
a rosary of 104 (? 108) precious stones to Catholic Encyclopedia" say about the use af
count hIs prayers. St. Frands Xavier and the rosary by non·Christian peoples? (9) To
hi!'> companions were equally astonished to what date can the orfgfn of the rosary among
-see that rosaries were universally familiar Catholics be traced? How should true Christians
to the Buddhists of Japan." view religious practices of heathen origin?
( 10) What course daes the Bible urge Chris-
!I Yes, the use of the rosary has been tians to take?
2R AWAKE!
Enzo Mazzi and Cardinal Flo-
rit, Roman Catholic Archbish·
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
News that is Good News
News of the world, national or in- This annual report of the world-
ternational, is bad news: political un- wide preaching activity of this Chris-
rest, crippling strikes, rioting, vio- tian society of ministers is filled with
heartwarming experiences, with evi-
lence and war. Isn't it refreshing and dence of growing and expanding Wli-
rewarding, then, to get news, on an ty among peoples from all national
international scale, that is upbuild- groups and walks of life. Read it. It
ing, encouraging, faith inspiring? will give you a new outlook, a hope
Where is such news to be found, you for future peace and security with
those who love and serve God. Send
ask? Why, in the 1969 Yearbook of for your copy today. It is only
Jehovah's Witnesses. 4/3 (for Australia, 50c; for South
Africa, 35c).
1969 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses
Send also for the beautiful 1969 calendar. Only 2/3
(for Australia, 25c; for South Africa, ISc)
32 AWAKE.'
Is the Hope for Peace Only an Illusion?
~
CONTENTS
How Wlll Schoolchildren Be Affected? 3 The Largest Star 25
Is the Hope for Peace Only an Illusion? 5
Those Troublesome Barnacles 26
"A Miracle" 8
You Are What You Feed Your Brain 9 High· Temperature 26
Stop That Hiccup 15
"Your Word Is Truth"
WInter Cold Can Be Deadly 17 When Man's Rage Lauds God
Jehovah's Witnesses in Quebec
Yesterday and Today 21 Watching the World 29
"It is already the hour for you to owall:e."
-!tomlln. 13:11
AWAKE!
Is the Hope for
PEACE
Onlyan
HE hearts of man- Why do man's efforts to establish It is obvious that
T kind everywhere
yearn for peace. How
peate so consistently fail?
What is the answer?
governing the world
of mankind is an ex·
they wish that the tremely complicated
killing of loved ones, the violence and process. Yet, since humans are intelligent
rioting in cities, and the ruining of the creatures, it is generally believed that
earth would cease! But will they? Will they can successfully rule themselves
mankind's hope for lasting world peace without God. But is this view correct? Can
ever be realized? What do you think? men really govern themselves properly
Some persons view the prospects as without the Supreme Sovereign? Or is
bleak. They liken the hope for peace to this a fundamental misconception, an il·
that illusory lake of water frequently seen lusion?
as one sp~eds down a desert road. The car Humans may appear capable of self.
never catches up to it. The water always government; furthermore, efforts by them
stays just a short distance down the road. may seem the only way that world peace
Really it is not water at all, but simply can be established. Nevertheless, what
an illusion, caused by the extreme heat may appear to be the solution to estab-
near the surface of the groW1d. lishing permanent world peace may not
Is the hope for lasting world peace also be at all. Remember, illusions can occur.
only a mirage, an illusion? Is it something This certainly happens frequently in con.
that mankind was meant ever to seek, nection with physical vision.
feel at times that he almost had in his
grasp, but never actually realize? This is How Appearances Can Deceive
what an increasing munber of persons ap· Consider the moon, for instance. Un·
parently are beginning to think. doubtedly you have looked at it many
times. Have you observed it when it was
Why Has Peace Been So Illusive? low on the horizon, perhaps between some
What is the problem? Since the desire trees and lying just over a farmhouse or
of all peoples, regardless of race or na· some city buildings? Did it not appear
tionality, is for peace, why can it not be unusually large? Have you not also ob-
achieved? Is it that the methods by which served the moon later at night when it is
mankind seeks peace are at fault? Have higher in the sky? Did it noC appear
the hopes for lasting peace been founded smaller there? But, of course, it was not.
on a wrong basis? Has mankind looked It is an illusion. The terrain of the earth,
to the wrong source for the establishment including the trees, houses, hills and fields,
of peaceful government? causes the mind to perceive the moon as
DECEMBER 22, 1968
being larger when it is situated near the In a similar way, popular views or ideas
horizon than when it is higher in the sky. can also prove to be misconceptions, illUM
Our mind can thus be influenced to be~ sions. Could this be the case with the
lieve what is actually untrue. Further popular view that humans are capable of
evidence must be considered to determine ruling themselves successfully? What does
the truth. examination of the evidence reveal? Are
Observe how this is the case in the ac· human rulers really a reliable source to
companying illustrations. Does not one which to look for peaceful government?
dish of ice cream in the picture appear
larger than the other one? Yet they are Is Self-Rule the Answer?
of the same dimen· An investigaUon of the his·
sioD!!; when mea M
tory of man's attempts at self-
sured. The farther government reveals that hu-
dish of ice cream man rulers almost invariably
appea.rs larger be M
have plunged their peoples in-
cause it is not - to wars of bloodshed and via·
drawn in proper lence. Their major expendi-
perspective. It tures have been for building
should be dran"n up a strong, wel1-equipped
smaller to appear fighting force. Seldom has
equal in size to Which dish of ice cream is larger? there been any real peace.
the closer dish Nor has the twentieth cenM
of ice cream on the counter. tury been any exception. Within the past
Consider another example. Observe the fifty-five years human rulers have led
horizontal lines, one with the inverted their peoples into nvo horrible world wars
arrows and the other with the outgoing that were more expensive, more destruc·
arrows. Would you say that the lines are tive of property, and more costly in terms
the same length? "Of course not," you of human life and suffering than per-
may respond. But they are. It is another haps all other major wars in his-
instance in tory combined.
which what
)>-------« appears to be
After the second
world war, how-
>
the case is not ever, many human
6 AWAKE!
V. Evatt, then president of the General columnist Walter Lippmann said: "For US
Assembly. said of the United Nations: all the world is disorderly and dangerous,
"Nothing else is a substitute for it; noth· ungoverned and apparently ungovernable.
ing else can be a substitute for it." In· Everywhere there is great anxiety and
fluential clergymen agreed with th,e po· bewilderment. "t This agrees' with the
litical leaders. words of the inspired Bible writer: "It
But how successful has this human does not belong to man who is walking
peace effort been? Is the United Nations even to direct his step."-Jer. 10:23.
as a peace·enforcing agent an illusion- But if human self·rule is not the an·
a deceptive, misleading hope for mankind? swer, what is? Will permanent peace ever
Or has it proved to be a real instrument be established? Happily, there is a solu~
for preserving peace and security? tion. The hope for lasting peace will be
An editorial in the New York Times of realized!
September 24, 1968, observed in this can·
nection: "The General Assembly of the Rule by God the Answer
United Nations, once widely hailed as 'the Jesus Christ pointed to the only sure
world's last best hope for peace,' opens its solution as being "the kingdom of God."
twenty·third annual session today in an Yes, a government under Almighty God's
atmosphere of diminishing hope for the direction! Although some may relieve that
world organization and for the cause of such a rule by God is only an illusion,
international peace and justice it was de· really the illusion is the belief that hu·
signed to promote. The 'black and gloomy' mans can successfully govern themselves
world outlook was noted last week by independently of God. Never have they
Secretary General Thant." been able to do so. On .the other hand, di·
The United Nations has not stopped rna· vine laws, called by some persons the laws
jor wars, such as the recent Vietnam war. of nature, control all the universe. Rule by
Nor has it prevented the more than 300 God's kingdom is the only answer to real·
revolutions, coups, uprisings, rebellions izing permanent peace.
and insurrections world wide since the end Government by God was the theme of
of World War II. It was powerless in the Jesus' entire earthly ministry, as he once
wake of Russia's mil.itary force moving explained: "Also to other cities I must
into Czechoslovakia. It is becoming ever declare the good news of the kingdom of
more evident that the United Nations is God, because for this I was sent forth."
just another in man's long, unbroken line (Luke 4:43; 8:1) Jesus also taught his
of failures to govern himself successfully. followers to remember that heavenly gov·
Those who have carefully evaluated the ernment in their prayers, saying: "You
evidence can see the shortcomings of hu· must pray, then, this way: 'Our Father
man self·government. Observed the promi· in the heavens, let your name be saneti·
fled. Let your kingdom come. Let your
nent magazine editor David Lawrence:
"The more we search for an alibi, the will take place, as in heaven, also upon
more we discover that unhappiness on earth.' "-Matt. 6:9, 10.
earth is man·made. Our key weakness is The realm or domain of this kingdom
that we have not solved the problem of for which Christians pray includes the en~
self·government.""" And the well·known tire earth. Here, the Bible teaches, God's
will will be done everywhere. The benefits
• u.s. News & World Report, September 25, 1967,
p. 128. t NelU8weelt, Ortober 9.1967, p. 21.
DECEMBER i!2, 1968 7
of Christ's ransom sacrifice will be ap- to all these kingdoms, and it itself will
plied in behalf of all obedient humankind, stand to times indefinite."-Dan. 2:44:
so that all effects of sin and death will be That this kingdom of God is real, and
erased. What a wonderful prospect! The no illusion, is apparent from the fulfill-
Bible promises: "God himself will be with ment in our day of many Bible prophecies
them. And he will wipe out every tear from regarding it. Jesus Christ and his apos-
their eyes, and death wiII be no more, tles pointed forward to the present un-
neither will mourning nor outcry nor pain paralleled fear, violence and distress, and
be any more. The former things have identified these conditions as marking the
passed away."-Rev. 21:3, 4. "conclusion of the system of things" or
This is what Almighty God promises to "last days." Jesus also said that at this
accomplish by means of His kingdom. In time God's established kingdom would be
whose promises, then, will you place your preached earth wide as the only hope for
hope? peace. (Matt. 24:3-14; Luke 21:7-31;
It may be true, looking at matters from 2 Tim. 3: 1-5) This preaching is now being
a worldly viewpoint, that the United Na- accomplished in 200 lands by hundreds of
tions and other peace efforts of men ap- thousands of envoys of God's heavenly
pear to be a more tangible hope. But, then, government. Yes, the kingdom of God is
outward appearances can be very mislead- a reality! And soon its power will be mani-
ing, as we have seen. One needs to ex- fested in its destruction of all political
amine deeper and consider the evidence. kingdoms of earth.
And both the facts of history and God's Do you desire to enjoy the blessings of
Word the Bible reveal that man is com- God's rule? Would you delight to be a sub-
pletely incapable of providing righteous ject of God's kingdom and serve under
government. Only God can. His guidance and direction? You would?
The most reliable evidence, from God's Then you must prove this by now sub-
Word, therefore shows that man's rule
mitting yourself to God. This involves
must soon give way to God's rule. In a
prophecy regarding OUl' days the Bible learning His requirements by studying his
says: "In the days of those kings the God Word the Bible, and doing God's will.
of heaven will set up a kingdom that will (John 17:3; 1 John 2:17) Only in this
never be brought to ruin. And the king- way will you be able to enjoy the lasting
dom itself will not be passed on to any peace that will soon be realized earth
other people. It will crush and put an end wide under God's kingdom.
"A Miracle"
"It is, qUite ;;imply, a miraclE'," confessed Newsweek magazin!;'- of October 25,
1965. "No other word can describe the beginning of a human life. No technique can
pinpoint the momentous time of conception., No scientist can tell what wondrous
forces then take over to develop the' organs and myriad nerve networks of a hUman
embryo. No doctor knows what causes thc contractions of labor in the mother that
bring new life into the outside world. Miraculous too is the innate capacity of the
human organism for survival."
Truly, the hand of the All·powerful Creator is manifest! How wise we are if
we exhibit the appreciation expressed by the Bible psalmist: "I shall laud you
because in a fear· inspiring way I am wonderfully made. Your works are wonderful.
as my soul is vt'ry well aware,"-Ps, 139:14.
AWAKE!
You
"OF
Are What You Feed
ALL the marvels of mind is still very much a dark
nature, none comes close mystery locked in a bony box."
to comparing with your brain,"
a science magazine observed. Man's Brain Far Superior
"It is more complicated and While a thorough under-
more wonderful than any ma- standing of just how the brain
chine ever built," noted an en- works is beyond our grasp at
cyclopedia. '" present, there are things about
The human brain is often it that can be understood. One
likened to an electronic com- is that the human brain is far
puter. But Science Digest of more complex than that of any
December 1967 stated: "Even animal. That is why man alone
the most complicated computel' of all earthly organisms has
man has yet built can't com- the faculty of reason, and why
pare in intricacy with the only he can constantly improve
brain. Computer switches and upon his knowledge and abili-
components number in the ty, or upon the know)edge and
thousands rather than in the ability of others. Animals are
billions. What's more, the com- guided by instinct implanted in
puter switch is just an on-off them and cannot continue to
device, whereas the brain cell build on knowledge.
is itself possessed of a tremen- If you did not know how to
dously complex inner struc- play a piano, could you expect
ture." to sit down at one for the first
It has been said that cvcn time and produce beautiful mu-
if scientists did design a com- sic? No, but with proper train-
puter that could roughly ing and practice, you could
do the work of a single hu- develop this skill. Yet, no
man brain, the computer amount of training would
would have to be as large enable any animal to do
as the Empire State Build~ this, for they do not have
ing in New York city! such a capacity. Or if you
So complicated is the hu- did not know how to fly an
man brain that man's un- airplane, could you expect
derstanding of it is very to sit at the controls of a
limited. As Science New8 jet airliner for the first
of December 2, 1967, said: time and fly it? No, but
"Despite all the pioneering The left side of fhe human with training, thousands of
work done over the past 20 brain. About a third of the persons do. No animal
years in brain research, the gray matter is on the sur- could ever be trained to
• PDpular SMeno6, March 1966;
face; the rest is buried in duplicate this f('at.
World BDOk Enoyclopedia. 1966. the walls of the fissures Man's superior brain,
Vol. 2.
:~
-~~~~i'
!t?}i
I L
F
I ow deadly winter cold can be was d.em~
onstrated in 1966 when the worst bliz-
, t ';.-,:)....,-.~- ',,' zard in many years lashed a 1,500-mile
by 500-mile area in the central United States. In
some places wind velocity reached 98 miles per hour «;
and the temperature dropped to 31° F. below zero. ~~,
Among the 210 deaths from the storm was a six~ ~ ,-
f/
HIGH TEMPERATURE
• The normal body temperature of humans is considered to be 98.W F. Qr 37° C.
Call humans survive a substantial rise in body temperature? Usually a sustained
body temperature much over 109' F. is incompatible with life. However, recoveries
after readings of 111' F. (43.9' C.) have been record('d.
26 AWAKE!
angry retort: lOYau are rela'Xing, you are
relaxing! That is why you are saying, 'We
want to go, we want to sacrifice to Jeho-
vah.' And now go, serve! Though no straw
will be given to you, yet you are to give
the fixed amount ofbricks."-~x.5:17,lS.
Did the rage of Pharaob laud Jehovah'?"
Rather, was not his rage expressed. in de-
fiance of the true God? Further, the
Egyptians generally, like Pharaoh, did not
regard Jehovah as a God who had to be
AGE is usually associated witlt what obeyed, let alone praised.-Ex. 5:2.
R is bad. All too often wrath is injUrious Pharaoh's rage also had a bad effect on
to the one giving vent to it and to the one the Israelites and gave rise to expressions
against whom it is expressed. Appropri- of dissatisfaction with Moses Jehovah's
j
ately, therefore, the disciple James wrote: appointed representative. (Ex. 5:21) Mo-
"Man's wrath does not work out God's ses himself voiced concern: "Jehovah,
righteousness." (Jas. 1:20) Hence the why have you caused evil to this people?
thought that man's rage could actually Why is it that you have sent me? For
praise Jehovah may seem somewhat from the time that I went in before Pha-
strange. Yet this is {!xactly what the ' raoh to speak in your name. he has oon~
psalmist stated: "For the very rage of evil to this people, and you have by no
man will laud you; the remainder of rag- means deJivered your people."-Ex. 5:
jng you will gird upon yourself." (Ps. 76: 22, 23.
10) But how can something that is fre- Jehovah, though, was working out mat-
quently very harmful result in praise to ters so tha.t Pharaoh's rage would bring
Jehovah? praise to Him. In time, testimony to God's
An examination of the historical record greatness and power mounted as each
about God's dealings with his ancient peo- plague came and ended at the word of his
pIe Israel illustrates the answer to this servant Moses. Each time that Pharaoh
question. While enslaved in Egypt, the resumed his raging by hardening Ills heart
Israelites suffered much oppression. (Ex. after a certain plague bad ended, his very
3:9) Then, when Moses and Aaron, in th~ rage lauded Jehovah. How so? Because
name of Jehovah, requested the telease Jehovah used this as an opportunity to
of Israel, this only intensified the anger demonstrate his great power still further.
of Egypt's Pharaoh. His reply: "Why is it, As a result, some of the Egyptians came
Moses and Aaron. that you cause the pea- to realize that Jehovah waS no mere God
pIe to leave off from their works? Go of slaves, but a God who had to be obeyed.
bearing your burdens!"-Ex. 5:4. For example, when the seventh plague
Pharaoh then commanded that the Is- was announced, even some of Pharaoh's
raelites no longer- be supplied with straw servants acted on that announcement and
for making briC'ks. Being therefore un- saw to it that their own servants and live-
able to account for the fixed amount of stock were safely sheltered before the de-
bricks, Israelite officers in charge of the structive ha.ilstorm began. (Eox. 9:2(1, 21}
work were beaten. Their cry of complaint Whel'eas Jehovah was making a glorious
before Pharaoh was countered with the na.me for himself, Egypt's false gods were
DEOEMBER 22, 1968 27
shown as unable to aid their worshipers man's rage lauded Jehovah. Consider. for
in time of need.-Ex. 12:12. example, the extreme rage expressed
FinaUy, after the deatll of Egypt's first- against Jehovah's witnesses in the con-
born, Pharaoh released the Israelites. His centration camps of Nazi Germany. De-
rage, however, had not come to its finish. spite severe abuse, torture and threat of
He and his servants soon came to regret death, !bey continued faithfully serving
that they had permitted Israel to leave, Jehovah. Their courageous stand and de-
saying: "What is this that we have done, votion to righteousness, made possible
in that we have sent Israel away from even under these trying circumstances be-
slaving for us'?" lEx. 14.:5) Immediately cause of their hav\.n'?, \h~ h'C\~ {){ (ftR;'6
Pharaoh mustered his military forces, not spirit, moved many other prisonerS to be-
just to bring the Israelites back into a come praisers of Jehovah. Even some SS
yoke of slavery, but to wreak vengeance guards turned from NaZism, dedicated
upon them, to -kill and to take spoil. (Ex. their lives to God and thereafter shared
15:9) Therefore fearful Israelites ex- in the sufferings of their former victims.
claimed to Moses: "Is it because there are Consequently, when suffering tribula-
no burial places at all in Egypt that you tion at the hands of others-perhaps op-
have taken us here to die in the wilder- posed family members, enraged mobs,
ness? What is this that you have done to ungodly governments and the like--Jeho-
us in leading us out of Egypt?"-Ex. 14: vah's people can draw comfort from the
11. fact that man's rage may work out to Je-
But the rage of Pharaoh and the other hovah;g praise. Yes, their example of
Egyptians had, in effect, brought them faithfulness, maintained with Jehovah's
into a position whereby Jehovah could help, may move even opposers to laud the
glorify hiJIlself by delivering his people heavenly Father. Then, too, we have the
from their fury. So God 'girded the re- assurance that soon Jehovah, by means
mainder of raging upon himself' and de- of his Son and the heavenly angels, will
stroyed Egypt's army in the Red Sea. 'gird the remainder of raging upon him-
This grand deliverance made a deep self' and destroy those Whose wrath is
impression on the Israelites and also on directed against his people. Wrote the
other peoples, moving them to laud Je- apostle Paul: "This takes into account
hovah. (Josh. 2:10, 11) Note, for in- that it is righteous on God's part to repay
stance, the expression of Jethro, Moses' tribulation to those. WhCl mak'i! tr\'uu\atitm
father-in-law: "Blessed be Jehovah, who for you, but, to you who suffer tribulation,
has delivered you from the hand of Egypt reUef along with us at the revelation of
and from the hand of Pharaoh, and who the Lord Jesus from heaven with his
has delivered the people from under the Powerful angels in a flaming fire, as he
hand of Egypt. NoW I do know that Je- brings vengeance upon those who do not
hovah is greater than all the other gods know God and those who do not obey the
by reason of this affair in which theY good news about our Lord Jesus."
acted presumptuously against them." (Ex. -2 Thess. 1:6-8.
18:10, 11) .Jehovah had indeed received So, although man's wrath will never
glory by means of a raging Pharaoh and work out God's righteousness, yet man's
his military forces.-Ex. 14:4. rage does laud Jehovah when it bt\ngs
Also in this twentieth century there about circumstances that motivate ex-
have been numerous instances where pressions of praise to his holy name.
28 AWAKE!
Jar as these researchers were
concerned. They found that
music acts as a tranquilizer
on high.strung birds that
calm down, and up their pro-
duction.
'*
Avoids Transplant
A surgical technique called
partial left ventricular resec·
tion, which usually involves
removal of part of the heart,
and implantation of two ar-
teries from the chest cavity,
has been used on eleven pa·
tif'nts, C'ight of whom are liv.
ing, well and much improved,
said an announcement from
the Los Angeles County
'*
Drug Epidemi(~
The International Narcot·
ics Control Board said, on
director. The crime rate has
increased nine times as fast
as the population.
University of Southern Cali-
fonIia Medical Center. The
surgical technique is held
November 8, that traffic in forth as a potential substitute
for he~rt transplants.
psychotropic drugs, ranging
from LSD to sedatives, has *
"White Collar" Thieves
According to Norman Jas·
reached "epidemic propor·
tions." Sir Harry Greenwood,
chairman of the board, said
pan, president of Norman
Jaspan Associates, Inc., (man·
agement engineers) and the
*
Pesticide Use RiM!s
The U.S. Agriculture De·
partment disclosed that more
the problem requires urgent firm's fact·finding division, than half of the nation's
international If'gislation "if it "white collar" workers steal acreage of several major food
is to be adequately dealt with." more than $5,000,000 in cash crops is treated with pest·
He named the United States, and merchandise each work- control chemicals. A survey
Sweden, Britain and Holland ing day. This has causcd an made in 1966, the most com·
among those most affected, estimated 30 percent of all prehensive study to date on
but added: "We do not know business failures and a hike the usc of chemicals in agri·
of any developed country in some consumer goods prices. culture, said that the total
which does not have the He says many of these thieves acres of corn treated with
problem." are college·educated members chemical weed killers rose
of the middle or upper classes from 10 percent in 1952 to
'*
Serious Crimn Rise
Out of every 100 persons
living in the United States,
who hold supervisory or exec-
utive positions. In the past
decade, he' says, they have
almost 60 percent in 1966. The
acreage of corn treated with
insecticides rose from 1 per·
chances <H'(' that two will be hecome Amerka's most re'- eent in 1952 to 33 percent in
murdered, raped, robbed, or SQurc(>ful and successful 1966. The report added that 81
beaten in the coming year. crooi{s. There is, he said, more percent of fruit and nut acre-
And if the assailant uses a than a 50· percent chance of age r('ccived insecticide treat-
weapon, it probably will be a sizable dishonesty in any firm ment in 1966, along with 89
gun. Those are the key facts and a 75·percent chance of percent of potatoes, 56 percent
in the annual Uniform Clime harmful malpractice. "And of other vegetables, 54 percent
Reports issued by the Federal we're not talking about steal· of cotton and 81 percent of to·
Bureau of Investigation in hacco. The' Agriculture Depart·
Washington. One of the most ing paper clips," declared Jas.
paIl. ment's study followed wide
startling statistics was the public concern in 1964 about
figure on crime for this de- Hens, Eggs and Music possible residue dangers, but
cade, showing an R9·percent in·
crease in serious crime in the * Some may question the use
of music in hen houses. But
the use of pesticides has in-
creased greatly since then.
nation since 1960, with a rise
in crimes of violence of 73 on one AmE'rican research Federal controls were designed
percent. Of more than 3,800,- farm each hen house was to keep foods free of unsafe,
000 serious crimes reported hooked up to a hi-fi intercom high·level chemical residues,
during 1967, 494,000 were of a tuned to radio stations. The but authorities are wondering
violent nature, said the FBI results settled the matter as if the controls are working.
DECEMBER 22, 1968 29
'*
126tb U.N. Member
On October 12, Equatorial
Guinea, a former Spanish col-
thodox Church has sued the
State of California in an ef-
fort to obtain the $53,000
by their own employees, About
75 percent of serious oiTenses
are committed by males under
ony on the west coast of Afri- estate. The church said ·'tradi· 25 years old.
ca, achieved its independence. tion and canon law" require
On November 12, the United the bishop to leave all hIs Fewer PrIests
Nations General Assembly property ·to the church. The + The Christian Heritage
voted membership to the state. suit said that under canon law stated that in the archdiocese
It became the United Nations' a man "takes vows of poverty of Buenos Aires, Argentina,
126th member. Equatorial and what he has above his which has 2,700,000 Roman
Guinea, formerly Spanish own needs belongs to the Catholics, "vocations to the
Guinea, has a population of church." This is one of many priesthood have dropped from
260,000. ways some churches become 18 priests ordained in 1951 to
pOWerfully rich, only two last year." The minor
Young Smokers, Bewal'e! seminary at Villa Devoto is
+A teen·ager who smokes Heart Disease and Sleeping reported "depopulated"
stands the chance of ending + The death rate from
Like a Service Club
his life by lung cancer. Smok- strokes and heart ailments Is
ing begins in the schools, the considerably higher among + Jim McKibbon, former min·
Association for Health, Physi- those who usually sleep nine ister of an Anglican church
cal Education and Recreation or ten hours a night, than in Canada, said that the church
said. About 15 percent of the among those who usually has become something like a
13·year-olds have bcgun to sleep seven hours, said Dr. E. service club. "I don't enjoy
smoke. More than half the 18- Cuyler Hammond, an epide- myself particularly in church,"
year-olds smoke. Lung cancer miologist. A study of hundreds said the minister. "The church
is many times more common of thousands of Americans doesn't really matter-it's be·
among smokers than non· has produced statistics for come a sort of Kiwanis or
smokers. such a con,clusion. Dr. Ham· Rotary club, and if you're the
mond says that the long sleep sort of person who likes it
Love [s Not Enough could perhaps cause disease as a social club, it's fine."
+ The Greek m111tary govern- by reducing the amount of He went on to say: "And I
don't think the church can be
ment has decreed that officers time a person is active. So the
and noncommissioned officers Individual is depositing fat in reformed-it either will not
in the Greek armed forces cun his body more of the time, or cannot be."
no longer marry for love rather than burning it up. For
alone. They must have a pri· coronary disease below the The Violent Society
vate income to support their age of 60, Dr. Hammond + John F. Kennedy, Lee Har-
wives. And the extra income states, cigarette smoking vey Oswald, Medgar Evers,
must be equal to at least half seems to be the most impor· Malcolm X, George Lincoln
their pay. Other new rules tant factor. ObeSity is next. Rockwell. Martin Luther King,
governing marriage for army Over 60, a lack of exercise Robert F. Kennedy-all mur-
men are that the minimum secms to be the main factor. dered. Does violence breed vlo·
age for marriage is twenty-sIx lence, assassination breed as·
and that all future military Grim U.S. Cl'illla Reool'd sasslnation? Said New York
wives must be Greek citizens + Up to 90 percent of the psychiatrist Dr. Fredric Wet'-
tham after John F. Kennedy
or, at least, women of Greek total American population
descent. may have committed acts for was assassinated: "Murder is
which they could have re- as contagious as measles.
Whose Money'f ceived prison sentences, said More enormous acts win fol·
+ The late archbishop Dio· Dr. E. M. Nelson, a professor low." And so they did. Reports
Weekend Magazine: "More
nyslus Diachenko of the Rus- at the University of Southern
sian Orthodox Church in Cali- Callfornia. Researchers have than 6,500 U.S, citizens were
fornia left a $53,000 cstate, also estimated that some 40 murdered last year. This com·
which the State of California percent of all male American pares with 99 in Canada, 30 in
claimed, much to the chagrin children will be arrested for a England, 68 in West Germany
of the Russian Orthodox non·trafflc offense during their and 37 in Japan. On a per
Church. California law pro· lives. Another noteworthy sta- capita basis, the country leads
vides that when a person dies tistic reported to the United the so-called civilized world by
without a will and has no a huge margin. The total num-
States government was that ber of violent crimes In the
known relatives, the estate 74 percent of neighborhood U.S. increased by 72 percent
goes to the state. Diachenko business establishments had in six years while the popula.
lcft no will. The Russian 01'- not reported thefts committed tion rose only 10 percent."
30 AWAKE!
Churehefl Occupied churches were inadequate, of having been weakened by
.. Hundreds of former munic- there were complaints because the many drugs given her to
ipal government workers of of the fllth and the stench try to offset the body's natural
Santo Domingo, Dominican caused by the "occupation." tendency to reject the trans·
Republic, and their families After twelve days of unsuc· planted organ.
took possession of six Roman cessful etrorts to obtain their
Catholic churches_ They de-
manded payment of three
months' salary owed to the
desires, the workers declared
they would go on a hunger
strike until their demands
*"
Hepatitis cases Unked to Blood
A study at the National
Institute of Health has shown
workers by the city govern- were met. Also they warned that halt of a group of sur-
ment. The demonstrators that this would be their last gery patlents who received
threatened to retain posses- effort by peaceful means to blood that came from com·
sion of the churches until the obtain what was due them. mercially paid donors devel·
apostolic administrator, Mon- oped hepatitis, probably as a
seftor Hugo Edwardo Polanco Hearl Recipient Dies result of the transfusions. An·
Brito, mediated a satisfactory + After living four month!! other study at a large Los
settlement of the Issue be· and twelve days with a trans· Angeles hospital has revealed
tween the government and the planted heart, Maria Elena that 19 percent of all patients
striking workers. To enforce Pefialoza died in the Naval who received a blood transtu·
their demands, hundreds of Hospital in Valparaiso, Chile, sion subsequently developed
people literally moved Into the on November 6. She was the
churches, using the church only woman who had survived hepatitis. The risk is even
benches for beds. Portable such a transplant. Death came higher at some hospitals. A
charcoal stoves were set up in as a result of a cerebral com· study at one large Chicago
the courtyard for cooking. pl1catlon, which her organism hospital showed a hepatitis
Since toilet facilities in the was unable to resist because rate of 30 percent.
-
Many persons ask that question. Yet these same per-
sons are vainly trying to find the answers to such
questions as: "Why do we grow old and die? Is God
dead, as some have claimed, and if not, then why
does he permit wickedness to continue? Why do so
many prayers go Wlanswered?"
Why read the Bible? For peace of mind! For knowl-
edge of what the future holds! To know God's pW'pose
for mankind! Can you think of any valid reason for
not reading the Bible, especially when it has so much
to offer? Read it in modern English. in the New
World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, with the
valuable aid The Truth That Leads to. Eternal Life.
Both for only 10/9 (for Australia, $1.25; for South
Africa, 88e)