Science 9

Quarter 3
Module 8
Geothermal Energy
Science – Grade 9
Quarter 3 – Module 8: Geothermal Energy
First Edition, 2020

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 Science 9
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 8
Geothermal Energy
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to theEarth & Space 9Self-Learning Module8 on Geothermal Energy!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators fromthe Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the CityGovernment of Pasig through its mayor,
HonorableVictor Ma. Regis N. Sotto.The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC)in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Earth & Space 9 Self-Learning Module8 on Geothermal

Energy!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - Thispoints to the set of knowledge and skills that

you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge aboutthe lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review ofconcepts

and skills that you already knowabout a previous lesson.

Lesson- This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up- This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing- This partintegrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module is designed and developed to help you master the lesson on
geothermal energy. The skills in this module include all the most essential learning
competencies in the list issued by the Department of Education.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. create a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow in a
geothermalpower plant.;
2. explain how geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy; and
3. realize the importance of geothermal energy.

PRETEST

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following devices is used in a geothermal power plant?

A. Heat B. Steam CTurbine D. Well
2. Which will cause the turbine in the geothermal power plant to turn?
A. Electricity B. Heat C. Steam D. Water
3. Which energy transformation occurs or apllied in a geothermal power plant?
A. Electrical energy – mechanical energy –thermal energy
B. Thermal energy – mechanical energy – electrical energy
C. Thermal energy –electrical energy –mechanical energy
D. Mechanical energy –thermal energy – electrical energy

For nos. 4 and 5, refer to the diagram below:

4. Which of the following is NOT involved in the
geothermal system?
A. Generator C. Turbine
B. Steam D. Wood

5. What will happen to hot water in a geothermal

power plant?
A. It will turn into steam.
B. It will cause the turbine to turn.
C. It will send a signal to the generator.
D. It will flow directly to the injection well.
 RECAP
In your previous lesson, you have learned the type of energy from volcanoes
and the location of volcanoes in the Philippines which are good sources of geothermal
energy. To refresh your understanding ofthe previous lesson, answer this simple
review.

True or False. Write TRUE if the statement is correct; if FALSE, replace the
underlined word to make it correct.

1. Geothermal energy refers to the energy which flows out from the center to the
surface of Earth.
2. The heat rising from the magma warms underground pools of water called
geothermal power plant.
3. Geothermal energy starts with a hot, molten rock called magma, found
kilometers below Earth’s surface.
4. Geothermal energy is used to produce electricity.
5. Philippines remains the world’s second-largest user of geothermal energy.

LESSON

Look at figure 1. It is one of the

geothermal power plants in the
Philippines.

Geothermal power plants are

found in places where it is particularly
hot just below the surface such as near
a group of geysers, hot springs, or
volcanic activity.They generate energy
by carrying heat to the surface via fluid
circulation through various types of
mechanics.

The main energy transformations

in geothermal power stations are:
Thermal->Mechanical ->Electric
Figure 1.Palinpinon Power Plant,
Valencia, Negros Oriental, Philippines
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:193_MW_Pali
npinon.jpghttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:19
3_MW_Palinpinon.jpg
 How does geothermal energy work?

A geothermal power plant uses steam from a geothermal reservoir. A

geothermal reservoir is an underground pool of hot water found below the earth's
surface. Figure no 2 depicts the geothermal power system. The geothermal power
plant undergoes a series of steps to produce electricity for human consumption. Very
hot water or steam is pumped from beneath the earth through a series of wells and
is used to activate the turbine.The mechanical energy caused by the spinning of the
blades on the shaft is used to spin magnets and generatean electric current. Thetwo
devices such as the turbine and generator considered as theimportant components
of the geothermal power plant system, that produce electricity from geothermal
energy(Figure 2).

Figure 2. Steps to generate electricity in a geothermal power plant

Source:https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologies/geoth
ermal.html

The following steps are followed to generate electricity in a geothermal power

plant

1. Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the

surface.

2. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the hot water

to turn into steam.

3. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces

electricity.

4. The cooling tower cools the steam which condenses back to the water.

5. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again.

Adapted ( U.S. EPA Student’s Guide to Global Climate Change)

 ACTIVITIES

Module No 8: Activity No. 1: How does geothermal energy work?

Learning Competency:
1. Create a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow in a
geothermal power plant.
2. Explain how geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy.
3. Realize the importance of geothermal energy.

Learning Objective:

1. Explain how geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy.

Direction: A. Fill in the missing word/s to complete the paragraph. Use the choice
box given below.

Geothermal power plants use (1)_____________ to produce electricity from

geothermal (2)_____________, the underground pools of hot water found a few miles
or more below the (3) __________________. The steam spins a (4) _____________ that
activates a (5) _____________, which produces electricity.

steam earth's surface reservoirs generator turbine

A. Arrange in sequence the steps to generate electricity in a geothermal power

Plant. Number the steps 1- 5. Write your answer below the number.

______When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the hot water
to turn into steam.
______ Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the
surface.
______The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again.
______The cooling tower cools the steam which condenses back to the water.
______ The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces
electricity.

Closure:

Based on the activity, explain how geothermal energy work?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 Module No 8: Activity No. 2: Go with the Flow!
Learning Competency:
1. Create a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow in a
geothermal power plant.
2. Explain how geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy.
3. Realize the importance of geothermal energy.

Learning Objective:

1. Create a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow in a

geothermal power plant.

I. Direction:

A. Draw a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow in a

geothermal power plant.

II. Use your drawing to answer the following questions:

Guide Questions:
1. What are the main energy transformations in geothermal power stations?
2. What is being produced in a geothermal power plant?
3. List down the effects of a geothermal power plant on the following aspects:
➢ Economy-
➢ Environment-

Closure: What are the main energy transformations of geothermal power stations?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
 WRAP-UP

Summing up your learnings acquired from this module.

Direction: Complete the flow chart showing the geothermal energy flow in a
geothermal power plant.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

VALUING
Module No 4: Activity No. 3: Energy Boost!
Learning Competency:
1. Create a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow in a
geothermal power plant.
2. Explain how geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy.
3. Realize the importance of geothermal energy.

Learning Objective:
Appreciate the importance of geothermal energy.

I. Direction: Study the diagram of a natural geothermal system.

A Natural Geothermal System

Source: https://www.intechopen.com/books/updates-in-volcanology-new-advances-in-understanding-
volcanic-systems/volcanic-natural-resources-and-volcanic-landscape-protection-an-overview
 II. Guide Questions:
1. Based on the illustration, cite some ways on how we could utilize the
energy from Earth’s interior aside from being able to generate
electricity.
2. Geothermal energy is used to produce electrical energy. As a student,
what will you do to minimize consumption and pay lower electric bills?
3. How will you persuade people to protect our environment?

Closure: Why is it necessary to know the importance of geothermal energy?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

POSTTEST

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy?

A. Condenser C. Production well
B. Injection well D. Turbines
2. Which statement is NOT true about the production of electricity from a
geothermal system?
A. Steam causes the turbine to turn
B. The generator causes the water to turn into steam
C. Generator changes the mechanical energy to electrical energy
D. In geothermal power plants, the heat from deep inside the Earth is used
toproduce steam
3. Which of the following processes show the mechanical energy in a geothermal
power system?
A. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces
electricity.
B. Hot water or steam is extracted from the earth through a series of wells
C. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the hot
waterto turn into steam.
D. Both B and C are correct.
4. What type of energy initiates the production of electricity?
A. Electrical C. Nuclear
B. Mechanical D. Thermal or Heat
5. Based on the diagram, which of the following describes procedure no.3?
A. The heat from inside the earth.
B. Steam causes the turbine to turn.
C. Heat causes the water to turn into
steam.
D. The cooled water is pumped back into
the Earth to begin the process again.
 PRETEST
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A
RECAP
1. True 3. True 5. True
2. False-Geothermal reservoirs 4. True
Activity No. 1: How does geothermal energy work?
1. steam 3. Earth’s surface 5. generator
2. reservoirs 4. turbine
II. 2
1
5
4
3
Closure:Geothermal power plants use steam to produce electricity from
geothermal reservoirs, the underground pools of hot water found a few miles or
more below the earth’s surface. The steam spins a turbine that activates a
generator, which produces electricity
Let’s check your answers!
KEY TO CORRECTION
 Activity No. 2:Go with the Flow!
II.Guide Questions:
1. Thermal->Mechanical ->Electric
2. Electricity
3. Answer may vary
Closure: Thermal->Mechanical ->Electric
WRAP-UP
The following steps are followed to generate electricity in a geothermal power
plant
1. Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the
surface.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the hot water
to turn into steam.
3. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces
electricity.
4. The cooling tower cools the steam which condenses back to the water.
5. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again.
Activity No. 3: Energy Boost!
1. Answer may vary 2. Answer may vary 3. Answer may vary
Closure: Answer may vary.
POSTTEST
1. D 2.B 3. A 4. D 5. B
 Reference
A. Government Publication
Government of the Philippines, Department of Education. Reprint Edition,
2006, 2009. Integrated Science I. pp. 133-134

B. Online Sources

First Holdings at English Wikipedia. Palinpinon Power Plant. Image. August

6, 2003. Accessed date August 30,
2020https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:193_MW_Palinpinon.jpg

Ibrahim Dincer, Azzam Abu-Rayash. Geothermal Power Plants. Energy

Sustainability, 2020. Energy systems. Science Direct. Accessed date September 01,
2020. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/geothermal-power-plant

Jiaqi Liu, Jiali Liu, Xiaoyu Chen and Wenfeng Guo. Volcanic Natural
Resources and Volcanic Landscape Protection: An Overview. New Advances in
Understanding Volcanic Systems. IntechOpen. September 27, 2012. Accessed date.
August 30, 2020
https://www.intechopen.com/books/updates-in-volcanology-new-advances-in-
understanding-volcanic-systems/volcanic-natural-resources-and-volcanic-
landscape-protection-an-overview

N. Sönnichsen, Ranking of largest geothermal plants worldwide as of March

2020. Statista. Jul 28, 2020. Accessed date August 30, 2020.
https://www.statista.com/statistics/525206/geothermal-complexes-worldwide-by-
size/
U.S. EPA Student’s Guide to Global Climate Change May 9, 2017. Accessed
date. August 30,
2020https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologies/geother
mal.html