Design of Abutment-24+680

LEA Associates South Asia Pvt. Ltd.
1. Preamble : Ref :
Design of Wall Type Abutment with Open Foundation
2. Design basis :
Codes of Indian Road Congress (IRCs)
IRC 6 - 2017 Code of Practice for Road bridges Load and Stresses
IRC 78 - 2014 Code of Practice for Road bridges Foundation and Sub Structure
IRC 112 - 2011 Code of Practice for Concrete Road bridges
3. Design data : A1 A2
Foundation Bottom Level Level = 0.000 0.000 m
Ground / Scour level = 6.500 6.500 m
Foundation Top Level = 1.400 1.400 m
HFL = 6.723 8.385 m
Abutment Cap Top level = 8.465 10.104 m
Soffit Level = 8.711 10.350 m
Finished Road Level = 11.482 13.121 m
Design is done for Crtical Abutment i.e "A1" which can be same adopted for "A2".
Density of Concrete = 25 kN/m3

Density of Wearing Coat(Cement Concrete) = 22 kN/m3
Bulk Density of soil = 20 kN/m3
Coefficient of Friction of Bearing ( m ) = 0.05
Coefficient of Friction of Sliding ( m ) = 0.50
Angle of Internal Friction of Soil ( f ) = 30 Deg
Fill Slope ( b ) = 0 Deg
Allowable Base Pressure = 400 kN/m2
Radius of curvature = 10000 m
4. Dead Load Calculation of Superstructure :

Dimensions of Super Structure
Center to Center of Exp Joint for a span = 48.000 m
No. of bearings = 3.000 Type of bearing Pot-PTFE
Center to Center of Bearing for a span = 46.200 m Ab. End 0.600 Opp. End 1.200
Outer to outer edge of girder span = 47.200 m
Dist between exp joint and c/l of bearing = 0.600 m
Length of End thickning of the girder = 2.500 m
Length of Transition zone of girder = 0.800 m
Distance Between Center of bearing in transverse direction = 2.500 m
Total No of Girder = 1.000 Nos
Total width of Deck Slab = 12.500 m
Girder depth = 2.500 m
Width of Crash Barrier = 0.500 m
Width of Foot Path = 1.500 m
Wearing Coat Thickness = 0.100 m 0.1m considered in Design
GIRDER SECTION IN CENTRAL PORTION
12.5000
0.2200
0.3250 2.5000
0.2750
2.4140 6.0000 2.4140
Girder B H Area No of Total Unit Total Wt

Nos Length
E.No (m) (m) (M2) Girder Area Wt (kN)
Single Box Girder 6.39 39.60 25.0 6324.6
Deck Slab 0 12.50 0.000 0.00 1 0.00 39.60 25.0 0.0
Total 6.39 39.60 25.0 6324.6
12.50
0.40 0.40
2.50 1.00
0.60 2.43
6.00
LASA, NEW DELHI

GIRDER SECTION AT END Ref :
12.50
0.40 0.40
2.50 1.00
0.60 2.43
6.00
Girder Nos B H Area No of Girder Total Area Length Unit Total Wt

Single girder 11.96 6.00 25.0 1793.82
Deck Slab 0 12.50 0 0.00 1 0.00 6.00 25.0 0.00
Total 11.96 6.00 25.0 1793.8
GIRDER IN TRANSITION ZONE

Avg. Area of Midspan Section and at End Section
Girder 9.17 1.6 25.0 366.95
Deck 0.00 1.6 25.0 0.00
Total 9.17 1.6 25.0 366.9
Dead Load of DIAPHRAGM

Description Nos Length Ht Area Thick. Unit Total Wt
1) At End 2 6 1.50 18.0 0.3 25.0 135.0
2) At Span 3 6 2.01 36.1 0.6 25.0 541.4
Total 54.1 676.4
SIDL CALCULATIONS TOTAL D.L. 9162
WEARING COAT OVER DECK SLAB
Description Nos Width Depth Area Length Unit Wt
100 mm thk. Coat 1 10.00 0.10 1.00 48.00 22.0 1056.0
Crash Barrier and Kerb Etc

Description Nos Length Depth Area Length Unit Wt
Crash Barrier 2 0.400 48.00 25.0 960
Railing 1 0.200 48.00 25.0 240
Total 0.60 48.00 25.0 1200.0
Hand Rail and Metal beam Crash Barrier
Description Nos Length Area Unit Wt
100 mm MS Dia 0 48.00 0.001 7.85 0.00
W Beam 0 48.00 0.020 0
TOTAL SIDL 2256
Total DL + SIDL 11418
5. Live Load Coalculation :

Impact factor
Class A Train of vehicle 4.50
Impact factor for Class A vehicle = 6 + 46.2 Cl.208.2, IRC:6 - 2014
= 1.000
Considered for Sub & Foundation
Impact factor for 70R vehicle = 1.000 Cl.208.3, IRC:6 - 2014
Table 3 of IRC 6 : 2014
Congestion factor Span Cong Fact
Congestion factor = 1.000 10<S<30 1.15
30<S<60 1.15 to 1.60
60<S<70 1.60 to 1.70
70<S 1.7
LASA, NEW DELHI

Max Reaction Max Transv Mom SV Ref :
Live Load Cases : With Impact, Congestion & Reduction Factor
Vertical Reaction on Abutment = 1543 991 2598
Longitudinal Eccentricity = -0.400 -0.400 -0.400
Longitudinal Moment = -617 -396 -1039
Transverse Eccentricity = 0.945 3.150 1.045
Transverse Moment = 1458 3120 2714
Long Horizontal Force normal = 369 269 158
Long Horizontal Force seismic = -33 -44 -108
6. Load Calculation of Substructure and Foundation:
Finished Road Level 0.000 1.600 0.100

11.482
Abut Cap Top Lvl 0.000 0.75 3.017
8.465 0.350
` 0.300 0.300
0.300 0.000 0.300
0.500
0.50
6.465 6.465
Foundation Base Lvl 1.100 1.100

0.000 0.300 0.300
13.99 4.000 1.000 3.500
8.500
a) Pedestal
No of Pedestal = 3
Length of Pedestal = 0.80 m
Width of Pedestal = 0.80 m
Average Depth of Pedestal = 0.15 m
Weight of Pedestal = 7.2 kN
CG of Pedestal from Founding Level = 8.54 m
b) Abutment Cap
Length of Abut Cap in Transv Direction ( Top ) = 13.99 m
Width of Abut Cap in Long Direction ( Top ) = 1.700 m
Length of Abut Cap in Transv Direction ( Bot ) = 13.99 m
Width of Abut Cap in Long Direction ( Bot ) = 0.60 m
Depth of Abut Cap at Tip = 0.30 m
Depth of Abut Cap at Base = 0.60 m
Weight of Abut Cap = 299.0 kN
CG of Abut Cap from Founding Level = 8.16 m
CG of Abut Cap from Straight Height of cap (Opposite to earth Side) = 0.757 m
ECC of Abut Cap from center of Abutment Base = -0.657 m
c) Dirt Wall
Length of Dirt Wall in Transv Direction = 13.99 m
Width of Dirt Wall in Long Direction = 0.35 m
Heigth of Dirt Wall = 3.02 m
Weight of Dirt Wall = 369 kN
CG of Dirt Wall from Founding Level = 9.97 m
ECC of Dirt Wall from center of Abut Base = -1.43 m
Weight of Abutment Cap including Dirt Wall = 668 kN
CG of Cap from Founding Level = 9.16 m
ECC of Cap from Center of Abutment Base = -1.08 m
d) Abutment Shaft Submerged Condition to be Considered Yes "1", No, "0" 1.00
Length of Abutment in Transv Direction = 13.99 m
Width of Abutment in Long Direction = 0.75 m
Height of Abutment above HFL = 1.142 m
Height of Abutment below HFL = 5.32 m
Weight of Abutment above HFL = 299 kN
CG of Abutment Weight above HFL = 7.29 m
Weight of Abutment below HFL = 1187 kN
CG of Abutment Weight below HFL = 4.06 m
Total Weight of Abutment Shaft = 1486 kN
CG of Abutment Shaft = 4.71 m
e) Abutment Return Wall Submerged Condition to be Considered Yes "1", No, "0" 1.00
No of Return Wall = 2
Length of Return Wall in Long Direction = 4.00 m
Width of Return Wall in Transv Direction = 0.500 m
Height of Return Wall above HFL = 4.76 m
Height of Return Wall below HFL = 5.32 m
Weight of Return Wall above HFL = 476 kN
CG of Return Wall Weight above HFL = 2.38 m
Weight of Return Wall below HFL = 452 kN
CG of Return Wall Weight below HFL = 2.66 m
LASA, NEW DELHI

Total Weight of Return Wall = 928 kN Ref :
CG of Return Wall = 2.52 m
ecc. of Return Wall from center of Abut Base = -2.50 m
f) Abutment Wing Wall
No of Wing Wall = 0
Length of Wing Wall in Long Direction = 0.00 m
Width of Return Wall in Transv Direction = 0.50 m
Height of Wing Wall at Tip = 0.00 m
Height of Wing Wall at Base = 0.00 m
Weight of Wing Wall Ractangle Portion = 0 kN
CG of Wing Wall Weight above FDN = 11.48 m
ECC of Wing Wall from center of Abut Base = -4.50 m
Weight of Wing Wall Triangular Portion = 0 kN
Total Weight of Wing Wall = 0 kN
g) Foundation Submerged Condition to be Considered Yes "1", No, "0" 1.00
Length of Foundation in Transv Direction ( Top ) = 13.99 m
Width of Foundation in Long Direction ( Top ) = 1.000 m
Length of Foundation in Transv Direction ( Bot ) = 13.99 m
Width of Foundation in Long Direction ( Bot ) = 8.50 m
Depth of Foundation at Tip = 0.300 m
Depth of Foundation at Base = 1.400 m
Weight of Foundation ( Bot Part I ) = 838 kN
CG of Foundation wrt Abutment Base Center ( Bot Part I ) = -0.25 m
Weight of Foundation ( Toe Part II ) = 633 kN
CG of Foundation wrt Abutment Base Center ( Toe Part II ) = 1.67 m
Weight of Foundation ( Stem Part III ) = 362 kN
CG of Foundation wrt Abutment Base Center ( Stem Part III ) = 0.00 m
Weight of Foundation ( Heel Part IV ) = 723 kN
CG of Foundation wrt Abutment Base Center ( Heel Part IV ) = -1.83 m
Weight of Foundation = 2556 kN
ECC of Foundation from center of Abut Base = -0.19 m
Length of Found Soil in Transv Direction ( Toe ) = 13.99 m
Width of Found Soil in Long Direction ( Toe ) = 3.50 m
Avg Depth of Foundation Soil ( Toe ) = 5.65 m
Weight of Foundation Soil ( Toe ) = 2767 kN
CG of Foundation Soil ( Toe ) above FDN = 3.68 m
ECC of Toe Soil from center of Abut Base = 2.25 m
Length of Found Soil in Transv Direction ( Heel ) = 12.99 m
Width of Found Soil in Long Direction ( Heel ) = 4.00 m
Avg Depth of Foundation Soil Below HFL ( Heel ) = 5.873 m Part Below HFL
Weight of Foundation Soil ( Heel ) = 3052 kN on Heel Side
CG of Foundation Soil ( Heel ) above FDN = 3.79 m
ECC of Heel Soil from center of Abut Base = -2.50 m
Length of Found Soil in Transv Direction ( Heel ) = 12.99 m
Width of Found Soil in Long Direction ( Heel ) = 4.00 m
Avg Depth of Foundation Soil above HFL ( Heel ) = 1.44 m Part Below Cap
Weight of Foundation Soil ( Heel ) = 1498 kN & Above HFL
Length of Foundation Soil in Transv Direction = 12.99 m
Width of Foundation Soil in Long Direction = 2.90 m
Avg Depth of Foundation Soil = 3.32 m Part Behind Dirt
Weight of Foundation Soil = 2499 kN Wall
Total Weight of Foundation Soil = 7049 kN
CG of Foundation Soil above FDN = 6.77 m
7. Wind force Calculation :

Basic Wind Speed of the area = 36 m / sec Tab 6 : IRC 6 - 2014
Avg Height of Exposed Surface from GL / WL = 3.732 m Tab 5 : IRC 6 - 2014
Wind Pressure for wind speed 33m/sec = 436.7 N/sqm 10 437 Tab 5 : IRC 6 - 2014
Wind Pressure ( Pz ) = 519.7 N/sqm 3.73 341.67712
Gust Factor ( G ) = 2 15 513 Cl 209.3.3 of IRC 6 - 2014
Width of the Bridge = 12.5
Width to Depth Ratio of the Bridge = 3.8
Drag Coefficient ( CD ) = 1.5 Cl 209.3.3 of IRC 6 - 2014
Lift Coefficient ( CL ) = 0.75 Cl 209.3.3 of IRC 6 - 2014
a) Wind Calculation for Superstructure
Height of Crash Barrier = 0.80 m
Depth of Superstructure = 2.50 m
Depth of obstruction ( LHS ) = 3.30 m
Effective Area of obstruction ( A1 ) = 79.2 sqm
CG of obstruction = 10.6 m
Effective Area in Plan ( A3 ) = 300.0 sqm
Transv Wind Force ( FT = PZ x A1 x G x CD ) = 123.5 kN
Long Wind Force ( FL = 0.25FT ) = 30.9 kN
Vertical Wind Force ( FV = PZ x A3 x G x CL ) = 234 kN
LASA, NEW DELHI

b) Wind Calculation for Live Load Class A load placed centrally at top Ref :
Length of LL on LHS = 20.3 m considered for worst case
Height of obstruction = 3.0 m Cl 209.3.6 of IRC 6 - 2014
Area of obstruction( A1 ) = 60.9 sqm
Drag Coefficient for Pier ( CD ) = 1.2
Total Transv Wind Force = 76.0 kN
Transv Wind Force on Abutment = 60.3 kN
Long Wind Force on Abutment = 15.1 kN
CG of wind force = 13.0 m
10.15
0.60 46.2 1.20
d) Summary of Wind Loads Vertical Wind Up "-1", Dwn "1", No, "0" -1.00
Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.)

Description Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T
kN kN-m kN-m kN m kN-m kN m kN-m
1 Wind Load ( WL ) at Foundation Base -233.9 0.0 0.0 45.9 8.5 388.8 183.7 11.4 2095.2
1 Wind Load ( WL ) at Curtailment -233.9 0.0 0.0 45.9 7.1 324.5 183.7 11.4 2095.2
8. Earth Pressure Calculation :

Seismic Effect to be considered ( Yes - 1, No - 0 ) = 1
Seismic Zone Factor ( Z ) = 0.16
Angle of Internal Friction of Soil ( f ) = 30 Deg
Fill Slope ( b ) = 0 Deg
Vertical Angle of Earth Face Wall ( a ) = 0.00 Deg
Angle of Friction between Wall and Earth Fill ( d ) = 20 Deg
Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure Non Seismic Condition = 0.297
cos2(f-a)/cos2a cos(d+a) = 0.798
sin(f+d) sin(f-b)/cos(a-b) cos(d+a) = 0.408
Horiz Comp of Active Earth Pressure Kah = Ka Cos ( d+a ) = 0.279
Coefficient of Dynamic Earth Pressure Seismic Condition = 0.381
Horiz Comp of Active Earth Pressure Cah = Ca Cos ( d+a ) = 0.358
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient ( Ah = Z/2 ) = 0.080
Vertical Seismic Coefficient ( Av) = 0.10
l = tan -1 [ Ah / ( 1+Av )] = 4.160 Deg
l = tan -1 [ Ah / ( 1-Av )] = 5.080 Deg
= 0.892
cos2(f-l-a)/cos l cos2a cos(d+a+l)
= 0.915
= 0.366
sin(f+a) sin(f-b-l)/cos(a-b) cos(d+a+l)
= 0.356
LL Surcharge to be considered ( Yes - 1, No - 0 ) = 1 Curtailment Point 0.0 Above stem Base

Foundation Base Stem Base Curtailment Point
Unit
Normal Seismic Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Height of Abutment = 11.482 11.482 10.082 10.082 10.082 10.08 m
Width of Abutment = 13.99 13.99 13.99 13.99 13.99 13.99 m
Earth Pressure at Respective Level Normal = 64 82 56 72 56 72 kN/m2
Total Earth Pressure Force at Resp Level Normal = 5153 6606 3973 5093 3973 5093 kN
CG of Earth Pressure Force above Resp Level = 4.82 4.82 4.23 4.23 4.23 4.23 m
LL Surcharge Pressure = 6.71 8.60 6.71 8.60 6.71 8.60 kN/sqm
LL Surcharge Force = 1077 1381 946 1212 946 1212 kN
CG of LL Surcharge Force above Resp level = 5.741 5.741 5.041 5.041 5.041 5.041 m
Summary of Earth Pressure Earth Pressure to be Considered Yes "1", No, "0" 1.00
At Foundation Base
1 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 5152.9 4.8 24850 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 1077.1 5.7 6184 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 6605.6 4.8 27865 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 1380.7 5.7 7927 0.0 0.0 0.0
At Abutment Stem Base

LASA, NEW DELHI

At Abutment Stem Curtailment Point Ref :
9. Seismic force Calculation :

a) Seismic Transverse Calculation Of Time Period :-
Seismic zone of the area = III F= 24554
(Annex D of IRC 6:2014)
Seismic zone Factor ( Z ) = 0.160 E= 32 Gpa
Importance Factor ( I ) = 1.200 It= 1.3E+14 mm4
Avg Response accn Coeffient (Sa/g) = 2.500 L (CG of Superstructure) = 8696 mm F
Hor Seismic Coeffient [ Ah = (Z/2)xIx(Sa/g) ] = 0.240 X (Pier cap top) = 7311 mm
Seismic Response Reduction Factor ( R ) = 1.000 D (Appropriate Loads) = 6017 kN
Hor Seis Force Coeff [ Fh = Ah /R ] = 0.240 T (Time period) 0.03 Sec d
Than Say,Hor Seis Force Coeff [ Fh = Ah /R ] = 0.240
Ver Seis Force Coeff [ 2 Fh / 3 ] = 0.100 Type of Soil Medium
b) Seismic Longitudinal Sa/g (Transverse) = 2.500
Avg Response accn Coeffient (Sa/g) = 2.500 IL = 3.7E+11 mm4
Seismic Response Reduction Factor ( R ) = 3.000 D (Appropriate Loads) = 11418 kN
Importance Factor ( I ) = 1.200 F= 71 kN Point Of Fixity
Hor Seis Force Coeff [ Fh = Ah /R ] = 0.080 T (Time period) 0.80 Sec
Than Say,Hor Seis Force Coeff [ Fh = Ah /R ] = 0.080
Ver Seis Force Coeff [ 2 Fh / 3 ] = 0.100 Sa/g (Longitudinal) = 2.500
c) Summary of Seismic Loads at Foundation Vertical Seismic Up "-1", Dwn "1", No, "0" 1.00

1 Dead Load ( DL ) 458 -183 341 733 8.71 6384 1099 10 10591
2 Dead Load ( SIDL ) 113 -45 84 180 8.71 1572 271 12 3244
3 Pedestal ( PD ) 1 0 1 1 8.46 5 2 8 15
4 Abutment Cap ( AC ) 67 -72 0 24 8.16 195 72 8 586
5 Abutment Shaft ( AS ) 149 -17 0 119 4.71 560 357 5 1681
6 Abutment Return Wal ( AR ) 93 -232 0 74 2.52 187 223 3 561
7 Abutment Wing Wal ( AW ) 0 0 0 0 11.48 0 0 11 0
8 Earth on Heel ( EH ) 552 -1489 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 Live Load ( LL1 ) 30.86 -12 29 0 0 0 74 13 939
10 Live Load ( LL2 ) 20 -8 62 0 0 0 48 13 603
11 Live Load ( LL3 ) 52 -21 54 0 0 0 125 13 1581
10. Summary of Normal Loads and other Loads at Foundation Base:

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Center of Abutment Base
1 Dead Load ( DL ) 4581 -1832 3413 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Dead Load ( SIDL ) 1128 -451 840 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 Pedestal ( PD ) 7 -3 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Abutment Cap ( AC ) 668 -723 0.000 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 Abutment Shaft ( AS ) 1486 -165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 Abutment Return Wal ( AR ) 928 -2321 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 Abutment Wing Wal ( AW ) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 Earth on Heel ( EH ) 7049 -18997 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 Earth on Toe ( ET ) 2767 6225 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 Live Load ( LL1 ) 1543 -617 1458 369 8.71 3211 0 0 0
11 Live Load ( LL2 ) 991 -396 3120 269 8.71 2341 0 0 0
12 Live Load ( LL3 ) 2598 -1039 2714 158 8.71 1374 0 0 0
13 Foundation ( FDN ) 2556 -481 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14 Wind Load ( WL ) -234 0 0 46 8.71 400 184 11.40 2095
15 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) 0 0 0 5153 4.82 24850 0 0 0
16 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0 0 0 1077 5.74 6184 0 0 0
17 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) 0 0 0 6606 4.82 27865 0 0 0
18 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) 0 0 0 1381 5.74 7927 0 0 0
11. Summary of Loads for Stability Against Overturning and Sliding of Foundation:
Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 LL 1.00 EP 1.00 Tab 3.1 of IRC 6 - 2014
Eart Pressure as Leading Load WL 1.00 LLS 1.00
Load Factors in Seismic Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 LL 1.00 EP 1.00
Seismic Force as Leading Load WL 1.00 LLS 1.00 SE 1.00
Load Factors in Wind Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 LL 1.00 EP 1.00
Wind Load as Leading Load WL 1.00 LLS 1.00
LASA, NEW DELHI

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Toe of Foundation Ref :
Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) Result Mom
Load Combinations Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T
kN kN-m kN-m kN m kN-m kN m kN-m kN-m kN-m
Normal Load Combinations
Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+LL1+EP+WL+LLS ) 22480 -109285 5716 6645 34644 184 2095 -74641 7812
Long Seismic Load Combinations ( Rl + 0.3Rt + 0.3Rv ) [ Seismic Force Is Multiplied by 1.35 for Foundation, since R=3 ]Cl. 219.8, IRC: 6-2017
Transv Seismic Load Combinations ( 0.3Rl + Rt + 0.3Rv ) [ Seismic Force Is Multiplied by 1.35 for Foundation, since R=3 ]Cl. 219.8, IRC: 6-2017
Wind Load Combinations
FOS for FOS for
12. Stability Calculation : Normal Seismic Wind Status Normal Seismic
Stability Factor agaist Overturning = 3.47 2.85 3.47 OK 2.00 1.50
Sliding Factor = 1.83 1.31 1.83 OK 1.50 1.25
13. Summary of Loads for Base Pressure Check of Foundation:
Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 LL 1.00 EP 1.00

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+LL1+EP+WL+LLS ) 22480 -13746 5716 6645 34644 184 2095 20899 7812
14. Base Pressure Check :
Area of Foundation ( A ) = 118.92 sqm

Section Modulus Along Long Direction ( ZL ) = 168.46 cum
Section Modulus Along Transverse Direction ( ZT ) = 277.27 cum
Allowable Base Pressure = 400.00 kN/m2
Pressure Allowable
Load Combinations Status
Toe Tip Toe Base Heel Base Heel Tip Max Min
Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+LL1+EP+WL+LLS ) 341 239 210 93 400 0.0 OK
Long Seismic Load Combinations
Transv Seismic Load Combinations
LASA, NEW DELHI

15. Summary of Loads for Strength Check of Foundation: Ref :


Pressure
Load Combinations
Toe Tip Toe Base Heel Base Heel Tip
Load Comb 1 427 256 207 12
Load Comb 2 423 257 209 19
Load Comb 3 432 273 227 45
Long Seismic Load Combinations
Load Comb 4 444 279 232 45
Load Comb 5 442 279 232 45
Load Comb 6 445 283 237 51
Transv Seismic Load Combinations
Load Comb 7 459 356 327 210
Load Comb 8 456 354 325 208
Load Comb 9 464 363 335 220
Load Comb 10 358 247 215 88
Load Comb 11 354 247 217 95
Load Comb 12 360 260 231 117
16. Summary of Loads for Stress Check of Foundation:

Live Load as Leading Load WL 0.60 LLS 0.80

Pressure
Load Combinations
Load Comb 1 331 235 208 99
Load Comb 2 328 236 210 105
Load Comb 3 332 246 222 124
Load Comb 10 327 235 208 103
Load Comb 11 325 236 210 108
Load Comb 12 328 243 219 122
LASA, NEW DELHI

17. Summary of Loads for Crack Width Check of Foundation: Ref :
Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 EP 1.00

Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+EP ) 21171 -13456 4258 5153 24850 0 0 11394 4258
Pressure
Load Combinations
Load Comb 1 261 205 190 126
18 Summary of Seismic Loads at Abutment Base Vertical Seismic Up "-1", Dwn "1", No, "0" 1.00
Considered fixed Bearing on LHS
1 Dead Load ( DL ) 458 -183 341 733 7 5358 1099 8 9052
2 Dead Load ( SIDL ) 113 -45 84 180 7 1319 271 11 2865
3 Pedestal ( PD ) 1 0 1 1 7 4 2 7 12
4 Abutment Cap ( AC ) 67 -72 0 24 7 162 72 7 485
5 Abutment Shaft ( AS ) 149 -17 0 119 3 394 357 3 1182
6 Abutment Return Wal ( AR ) 93 -232 0 74 1 83 223 1 249
7 Abutment Wing Wal ( AW ) 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 10 0
8 Live Load ( LL1 ) 31 -12 29 0 0 0 74 11 836
Abutm
ment Base
ent
9 Live Load ( LL2 ) 20 -8 62 0 0 0 48 11 536
10 Live Load ( LL3 ) 52 -21 54 0 0 0 125 11 1407
8 Live Load ( LL1 ) 31 -12 29 0 0 0 74 13 939
Abutm
Curtail
Point
ent
9 Live Load ( LL2 ) 20 -8 62 0 0 0 48 13 603
10 Live Load ( LL3 ) 52 -21 54 0 0 0 125 13 1581
19. Summary of Normal Loads and other Loads at Abutment Base:

1 Dead Load ( DL ) 4581 -1832 3413 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
2 Dead Load ( SIDL ) 1128 -451 840 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
3 Pedestal ( PD ) 7 -3 5 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
4 Abutment Cap ( AC ) 668 -723 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
5 Abutment Shaft ( AS ) 1486 -165 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
6 Abutment Return Wal ( AR ) 928 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
7 Abutment Wing Wal ( AW ) 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
8 Live Load ( LL1 ) 1543 -617 1458 369 7.31 2695 0 0.00 0
Abutment
Base
9 Live Load ( LL2 ) 991 -396 3120 269 7.31 1965 0 0.00 0
10 Live Load ( LL3 ) 2598 -1039 2714 158 7.31 1153 0 0.00 0
11 Wind Load ( WL ) -234 0 0 46 7.31 336 184 10.00 1838
12 Live Load ( LL1 ) 1543 -617 1458 369 7.31 2695 0 0 0
Curtailme
Abutment
nt Point
13 Live Load ( LL2 ) 991 -396 3120 269 7.31 1965 0 0 0
14 Live Load ( LL3 ) 2598 -1039 2714 158 7.31 1153 0 0 0
15 Wind Load ( WL ) -234 0 0 46 7.31 336 184 10.00 1838
16 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) 0 0 0 3973 4.23 16823 0 0.00 0
Abutment
Base
17 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0 0 0 946 5.04 4768 0 0.00 0

18 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) 0 0 0 5093 4.23 18864 0 0.00 0
19 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) 0 0 0 1212 5.04 6112 0 0.00 0
20 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) 0 0 0 3973 4.23 16823 0 0.00 0
Curtailme
Abutment
nt Point
21 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0 0 0 946 5.04 4768 0 0.00 0

21 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) 0 0 0 5093 4.23 18864 0 0.00 0
22 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) 0 0 0 1212 5.04 6112 0 0.00 0
20. Summary of Loads for Strength Check at Abutment:

Earth Pressure as Leading Load WL 0.90 LLS 1.20
LASA, NEW DELHI

Load at Abutment Base Ref :
Long Seismic Load Combinations ( Rl + 0.3Rt + 0.3Rv )
Transv Seismic Load Combinations ( 0.3Rl + Rt + 0.3Rv )
Load at Curtailment Point

Long Seismic Load Combinations ( Rl + 0.3Rt + 0.3Rv )
Transv Seismic Load Combinations ( 0.3Rl + Rt + 0.3Rv )
21. Summary of Loads for Stress Check at Abutment Base:

Live Load as Leading Load WL 0.60 LLS 0.80

Load Combinations at Abutment Base Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T

Load Combinations at Curtailment Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T
LASA, NEW DELHI

Ref :
22. Summary of Loads for Crack Width Check at Abutment Base:
Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 EP 1.00

Load Combinations at Abutment Base Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T
Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+EP ) 8799 -3174 4258 3973 0 16823 0 0 0 13649 4258

Load Combinations at Curtailment Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T
Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+EP ) 8799 -3174 4258 3973 0 16823 0 10 0 13649 4258
LASA, NEW DELHI

2.0 Live Load Calculation
Width of the structure =12.50 m Eccentricity of superstructure and foundation(transverse dirn.)

Width of the c/w-3 Lane =10.00 m 0.745
Width of the c/w-4 Lane m
Reduction Factor 2-lane = 1 70R Impact factor = 1.200

3-lane = 0.9 CLA Impact factor = 1.200
4-lane = 0.00001
Considering Four Lanes of Carriageway

MAXIMUM TRANSVERSE MOMENT / REACTION CASE
(a) Class 70R (W) Loading
10.888 Abut Load Opp Load Eccentricity H.L
(kN) (kN) (m) (kN)
B A (abut side) 70R (W) -1stLane 990.6 305.4 3.2 268.8
1296 KN 70R (W) -2ndLane 990.6 305.4 -3.2 268.8
1.20 46.20 0.60 70R (W) -4Lane 0.0 0.0 0.0 338.4
70R (W) -2Lanes + Class A-1 Lane 891.5 274.9 3.2 319.0
RA = 990.6 KN 70R (W) -2Lanes + Class A-2 Lanes 0.0 0.0 3.2 319.0
RB = 305.4 KN Class A-1 Lane + 70R (W) -2Lanes 891.5 274.9 0.9 319.0
Class A-2 Lanes + 70R (W) -2Lanes 0.0 0.0 -3.2 319.0
(b) Class A (1 Lane) Loading

19.884 Abut Load Opp Load Eccentricity H.L
(kN) (kN) (m) (kN)
B A (abut side) Class A-1 Lane 571.4 431.8 4.4 234.5
1003.2 KN Class A-2 Lanes 1142.9 863.5 2.7 301.6
1.20 46.20 0.6 Class A-3 Lanes 1542.9 1165.8 0.9 368.6
Class A-4 Lanes 0.0 0.0 -0.8 435.7
70R (W) -2Lanes + Class A-1 Lanes 514.3 388.6 -2.7 319.0
RA = 571.4 70R (W) -2Lanes + Class A-2 Lanes 0.0 0.0 -4.4 319.0
RB = 431.8 KN Class A-1 Lane + 70R (W) -2Lanes 514.3 431.8 4.4 319.0
Class A-2 Lanes + 70R (W) -2Lanes 0.0 863.5 2.7 319.0
(c) SV Loading
15.030 Abut Load Opp Load Eccentricity
(kN) (kN) (m)
B A (abut side) SV loading 2597.5 1252.5 1.0
3850 KN
1.2 46.20 0.6
RA = 2597.5 KN
RB = 1252.5 KN
SUMMARY OF LIVE LOADS & MOMENTS
70R(W) + 70R(W) + CLASS A 1L CLASS A 2L +

COMPONENTS 70R-1 (W) 70R-4 (W) CLASS A 3L CLASS A 4L SV Loading
CLASS A 1L CLASS A 2L + 70R(W) 70R(W)
1.0 Vertical Load V 990.6 0.0 1405.8 0.0 1405.8 0.0 1542.9 0.0 2597.5
2.0 Transverse Ecc. eT 3.150 0.000 1.026 -0.897 2.165 -0.019 0.945 -0.805 1.045
3.0 Transverse Moment MT 3120.3 0.0 1442.8 0.0 3043.8 0.0 1458.0 0.0 2714.4
4.0 Longitudinal Ecc. eL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5.0 Longitudinal Moment ML 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6.0 Horizontal Braking HL 268.8 0.0 318.96 0.00 318.96 0.00 368.64 0.00 0.00
MINIMUM SUPPORT REACTION CASE

1.0 Vertical Load V 305.4 0.0 663.5 0.0 663.5 0.0 1165.8 0.0 1252.5
2.0 Transverse Ecc. eT 3.150 0.000 1.026 -0.897 2.165 -0.019 0.945 -0.805 1.045
3.0 Transverse Moment MT 962.1 0.0 681.0 0.0 1436.5 0.0 1101.7 0.0 1308.9
4.0 Longitudinal Ecc. eL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5.0 Longitudinal Moment ML 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6.0 Horizontal Braking HL 268.8 0.0 319.0 0.0 319.0 0.0 368.6 0.0 0.0
LASA,NEW DELHI
CALCULATION OF HORIZONTAL CENTRIFUGAL FORCE DUE TO LIVE LOAD

Centrifugal Force C.F = WV2
127R
V = Design speed = 100.00 km/hr
R = Radious of curvature = 1.00E+04 m
W = Vertical Reation = 1.00 T
Hence C.F = 0.008 T/ 1 Tonne Load

1.0 Vertical Load V (tonne) 129.6 0.0 206.9 0.0 206.9 0.0 270.9 0.0 385.0
CF Load - Normal Case C.F)Normal(kN) 10.20 0.00 16.29 0.00 16.29 0.00 21.33 0.00 30.31
CF Load - Seismic Case C.F)Seismic(kN) 2.04 0.00 3.26 0.00 3.26 0.00 4.27 0.00 6.06
SUMMARY OF BEARING REACTIONS DUE TO LL

Number of Bearings n = 3 Nos. 3.00 Nos. Opposing HF
d1 = -2.5 m G1 1.00 1.00 G1
d2 = 0 m G2 1.00 1.00 G2
d3 = 2.5 m G3 1.00 1.00 G3
d4 = 0 m G4 1.00 1.00 G4
Sdi2 = 12.5 m2
Summary of Force at Bearing Level :

COMPONENTS Max-V Max-ML Max-MT Max-H SV Loading
1.0 Vertical Load V 1543 1543 991 1543 2598
2.0 Transverse Ecc. eT 0.945 0.945 3.150 0.945 1.045
3.0 Transverse Moment MT 1458 1458 3120 1458 2714
A1 222.7 222.7 -293.9 222.7 323.0
4.0 Bearing Reaction for L.H.S Span
A2 514.3 514.3 330.2 514.3 865.8
RA=[1/n + eT*di/Sdi2]
A3 805.9 805.9 954.2 805.9 1408.7
5.0 Longitudinal Horizontal Braking HL 368.64 368.64 268.80 368.64 0.00
Centrifugal Load HT 21.33 21.33 10.20 21.33 0.00
Opposite End Vert. Vopp. 1166 1166 305 1166 1253
Design of Movement in Expansion Joint & Bearing
C\C of Bearing(Longitudinal) = 23.100 m (Half length considered)

C\C of Transverse = 2.5 m
Longitudinal Translation
Due to Shrinkage Strain

Coefficient ofshrinkage = 1.90E-04
Translation due to Shrinkage Strain = 4.389 mm
Due to Temperature Strain

Temperature Diff. = 40 Degrees
Temperature Strain = 1.20E-05
Translation due to Temperature Strain
40 x 0.000012 x 23.1 x 1000 = 11.088 mm
Due to Creep Strain

Creep Strain = 4.00E-05
Translation due to Creep Strain
0.00004 x 23.1 x 1000 = 0.924 mm
Due to Elastic shortening Girder Composite

Mod. Of Elasticity = 0 0 kN/m2
Axial Prestress force applied = 5863 5026 kN
Area of conc. = 1.138 1.842 m2
Movement = 0.000 0.000 mm
LASA,NEW DELHI
Total Movement = 0.000 mm
Bearing Size 400.00 325.00 96.00 G= 0.90

Number of Bearings 3.00 No.
SHEAR RATING(Vr) = 3656.25 N/mm
Itc = 16.401 mm
Vr*Itc = 59.966 kN
Longitudinal Force at Bearing Calculation :

Particulars Max-V Max-ML Max-MT Max-H SV Loading
DL+SIDL-Fixed End (kN) 1903.0 1903.0 1903.0 1903.0 1903.0
DL+SIDL-Free End (kN) 1903.0 1903.0 1903.0 1903.0 1903.0
Type of Bearing-LHS Pot-PTFE Pot-PTFE Pot-PTFE Pot-PTFE Pot-PTFE
Co-efficient of Friction 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Normal Case
LL-Fixed end (kN) 1542.9 1542.9 990.6 1542.9 2597.5
LL-Free End (kN) 1165.8 1165.8 305.4 1165.8 1252.5
Braking-LHS (kN) 368.6 368.6 268.8 368.6 0.0
m(Rg+Rq)-LHS (kN) 153.4 153.4 110.4 153.4 157.8
Longitudinal Load (kN) 368.6 368.6 268.8 368.6 157.8
Seismic Case
LL-Fixed end (kN) 308.6 308.6 198.1 308.6 519.5
LL-Free End (kN) 233.2 233.2 61.1 233.2 250.5
Braking-LHS (kN) 73.7 73.7 53.8 73.7 0.0
m(Rg+Rq)-LHS (kN) 106.8 106.8 98.2 106.8 107.7
Longitudinal Load (kN) -33.1 -33.1 -44.4 -33.1 -107.7
LASA,NEW DELHI
1. Material Data: Ref :
Density of Concrete = 25.00 kN/m3
Bulk Density of soil = 20.00 kN/m3
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Charecteristic strength of reinforcement ( fyk ) = 500 MPa Table 18.1, IRC 112
Partial factor of safety for steel ( gs ) = 1.150 Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
Design value for tensile strength ( fyd = fyk/gs ) = 435 MPa Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel ( Es ) = 200 GPa Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Charecteristics compressive strength ( fck ) = 35 MPa Table 6.5, IRC 112
a = 0.670 Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Concrete material factor ( gm ) = 1.500 Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Design value for concrete compressive strength ( fcd = afck/gm ) = 15.63 MPa Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete ( Ecm ) = 32 GPa
2. Load on Toe Slab and Heel Slab for Strength Check :

Face of Stem Face of Stem
L
deff L
GL GL
D2 Toe DF
D1 Toe
P2 P2
P1 P1
For Shear on Toe Slab

For Flexure on Toe Slab
Face of Stem
GL 1.100
0.300
L
D2 H
4.000 1.000 3.500
Heel 8.50
D1
P1
P2
Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Load Comb. Load Comb. Load Comb. Load Comb.
For Flexure / Shear on Heel Slab
2 5 1 5
Toe Slab Heel Slab
Moment at face of Stem Unit
Max Base Pressure at Toe Tip = 423 442 427 442 kN/m2
Min Base Pressure at Heel Tip = 19 45 12 45 kN/m
2
Soil Pressure at Tip ( P1 ) = 423 442 12 45 kN/m2

Soil Pressure at Face of Pier ( P2 ) = 257 279 207 232 kN/m2
Cantilever Length ( L ) = 3.50 3.50 4.00 4.00 m
Total Upward Force = 1189 1261 439 554 kN
Dist of CG of Upward Force = 1.89 1.88 1.41 1.55 m
Upward Moment ( M1 ) = 2251 2375 617 859 kN-m
b) Due to Self Wt of Foundation
Foundation Pressure at Tip = 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 kN/m2
2
Foundation Pressure at Abutment Face = 35 35 35 35 kN/m
Total Downward Force = 74 74 85 85 kN
Dist of CG of Downward Force = 1.37 1.37 1.57 1.57 m
Load Factor for Strength Check = 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
Downward Moment ( M2 ) = 138 138 180 180 kN-m
LASA, NEW DELHI

c) Due to Soil above Foundation
Ref :
Depth of Foundation below GL / Scour LVL = 6.5 6.5 11.5 11.5 m
Soil Pressure at Tip = 124 124 224 224 kN/m2
Soil Pressure at Stem Face = 102 102 202 202 kN/m
2

Total Downward Force = 396 396 851 851 kN
Dist of CG of Downward Force = 1.81 1.81 2.03 2.03 m
Load Factor for Strength Check = 1.50 1.00 1.50 1.00
Downward Moment ( M3 ) = 1072 715 2596 1730 kN-m
Net Moment per m width ( M1-M2-M3) = 1042 1522 -2159 -1051 kN-m
Depth of Foundation at Tip D1 = 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 m
Depth of Foundation at Tapper D2 = 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 m
Depth of Neutral Axis = 0.140 0.140 0.171 0.171 m
Total Depth of Slab ( D = D1 + D2 ) = 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 m
Clear Cover to Reinforcement ( c ) = 75 75 75 75 mm
Dia of Reinforcement ( f ) = 20 20 25 25 mm
Spacing of Reinforcement ( s ) = 200 200 200 200 mm
Dia of Reinforcement ( f ) = 25 25 25 25 mm
Spacing of Reinforcement ( s ) = 200 200 200 200 mm
Area of Reinforcement ( At ) = 4023 4023 4906 4906 mm2
Reinforcement ( % ) = 0.287 0.287 0.350 0.350
Min Reinf As min = 0.26fctm/fyk bd or 0.0013bd = 1915 1915 1915 1915 mm2 Eq 16.1, IRC 112
fctm = = 2.800 2.800 2.800 2.800 Table 6.5, IRC 112
Status = OK OK OK OK
Shear at deff for Toe / at Face for Heel Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Depth of Section ( D' ) = 0.987 0.987 1.400 1.400 m
Soil Pressure at Tip ( P1 ) = 423 442 -219 -186 kN/m
2
Soil Pressure at deff from Face of Stem / Face ( P2 ) = 304 325 -29 -5 kN/m2
Cantilever Length ( L ) 2.513 2.513 4.000 4.000 m
Total Upward Shear ( VEd ) = 913 964 497 381 kN
Dia of Shear Reinforcement ( f ) = 8 8 8 8 mm
Spacing of leg / link = 200 200 200 200 mm
Number of leg / link m width = 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
3. Strength Check of Toe Slab:

Toe Slab Heel Slab
a ) Flexure
Effective depth of section ( d = D - c - f/2 ) = 1.315 1.315 1.315 1.315 m
Max Strain on concrete in compression ( ecu3 ) = 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 Table 6.5, IRC 112
Max Strain on reinforcement in tension ( es = 0.002 + fyd /Es ) = 0.0042 0.0042 0.0042 0.0042
Max Depth of NA from comp flange [ xulim = ecu3 /( ecu3+es )] = 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 d
l = 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Eq A2-33 & 34, IRC 112
h = 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Eq A2-35 & 36, IRC 112
Max Depth of Stress Block lx = 0.365 0.365 0.365 0.365 d
Total Compression Force ( Fc = lxhfcd b) = 5.704 5.704 5.704 5.704 bd
Lever arm ( z = d - lx/2) = 0.818 0.818 0.818 0.818 d
Limiting value of R = 4.664 4.664 4.664 4.664
0.5
Required Depth of Slab [ (Mulim /Rb)^ ] = 0.473 0.571 0.680 0.475 m
Depth of neutral axis from compression flange ( x ) = 0.140 0.140 0.171 0.171 m
Depth of Stress Block lx = 0.085 0.085 0.104 0.104 d
Total Compression Force ( Fc = lxhfcd b) = 1749 1749 2133 2133 kN
Total Tension Force ( Fs = fyd At) = 1749 1749 2133 2133 kN
Difference = 0 0 0 0 m Macro 7
Depth of lever arm ( z = d - lx/2) = 1.259 1.259 1.247 1.247 m
Moment of Resistance ( Fc z ) = 2202 2202 2660 2660 kN-m
b ) Shear
Effective depth of section ( d = D - c - f/2 ) = 0.902 0.902 1.313 1.313 m
av = 2.0 2.000 2.000 2.000 d
b v = av/2d = 1.000 1.000 1.00 1.000 Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112
Modefied Ved = b VEd = 913 964 497 381 kN
Concrete Shear capacity VRd.c = [ 0.12K(80r1.fck)0.33+0.15scp]bd = 306 306 475 475 kN Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112
Min Conc Shear capacity VRd.c min = (nmin+0.15scp)bd = 271 271 394 394 kN Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112
Concrete Shear capacity VRd.c = 306 306 475 475 kN
K = 1+sqrt(200/d) <=2 = 1.390 1.390 1.390 1.390 Eq 10.2, IRC 112
nmin = 0.031K1.5fck0.5 = 0.301 0.301 0.301 0.301 Eq 10.3, IRC 112
scp = = 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
r1 = At /bd <= 0.02 = 0.0031 0.0031 0.0037 0.0037
Status = SF Reqd SF Reqd SF Reqd SF not Reqd
Balance Shear Force =
Area of Shear Reinf ( Asw ) = 251.33 251.33 251.33 251.33 mm2
Design yeild strength of Shear Reinf ( fywd = fyk/gs ) = 435 435 435 435 mPa
Cot q = 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
Steel Shear capacity VRd.s = ( Asw / s ) z fywd cot q = 1117 1117 1117 1117 kN Eq 10.7, IRC 112
Status =
Max Shear capacity VRd.max = acwbzv1[fcd/(cot q + Tan q )] = 2644 2644 2644 2644 Eq 10.8, IRC 113
v1 = = 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
acw = = 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Shear capacity VRd = Min of ( VRd.s & VRd.max ) = 1117 1117 1117 1117
LASA, NEW DELHI

4. Stress and Crack Width Check of the Section: Ref :
Toe Slab Heel Slab

Moment at face of Stem Unit
Stress Crack Stress Crack
2
Max Base Pressure at Toe Tip = 328 261 328 261 kN/m
Min Base Pressure at Heel Tip = 105 126 105 126 kN/m2
Soil Pressure at Tip ( P1 ) = 328 261 105 126 kN/m2
Soil Pressure at Face of Pier ( P2 ) = 236 205 210 190 kN/m2
Total Upward Force = 987 816 630 631 kN
Dist of CG of Upward Force = 1.84 1.82 1.78 1.87 m
Upward Moment due to Base Pressure ( M1 ) = 1822 1485 1120 1177 kN-m
Downward Moment due to Foundation wt ( M2 ) = 102 102 133 133 kN-m
Downward Moment due to Soil wt ( M3 ) = 715 715 1730 1730 kN-m
Net Moment per m width ( M1-M2-M3) = 1005 668 -744 -686 kN-m
Total Width of Section = 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0
Concrete Cross Sectional Area ( Ac ) = 1400000 1400000 1400000 1400000 mm2
Perimeter in contact with atmosphere ( u ) = 4800 4800 4800 4800 mm
Notional Size = 583 583 583 583 mm
Final Creep Co-efficient of 28 days ( Ø) = 1.707 1.707 1.707 1.707
Final time for creep calculation, t = 25550 25550 25550 25550
Final Creep Co-efficient of 28 days [ RH - 80% ] ( f ) = 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71
Relative Humidity, RH = 50 % 50 % 50 % 50 % Table 6.9 & RH =
Coefficient to consider influence of the conc strength, α1 = (43.75/fcm)0.7 = 0.980 0.980 0.980 0.980 80%
Coefficient to consider influence of the conc strength, α2 = (43.75/fcm)0.2 = 0.994 0.994 0.994 0.994
Coefficient to consider influence of the conc strength, α3 = (43.75/fcm)0.5 = 0.986 0.986 0.986 0.986
Factor to allow for the effect of relative humidity, fRH = (1+ (1-RH/100)/0.1(ho)1/3
= ) for fcm ≤ 45MPa
1.60 1.60 &(1+ (1-RH/100)
1.60 x α1/0.1(ho)1/3
1.60 )α2 for fcm > 45MPa
Factor to allow for effect of conc age at loading, b (to) = 1/(0.1+t00.2) = 0.488 0.488 0.488 0.488
Factor to allow for effect of conc strength, b (fcm) = 18.78/√fcm = 2.800 2.800 2.800 2.800
fo = fRH b(fcm) b(to) = 2.186 2.186 2.186 2.186
fcm = 45 45 45 45
Coefficient depending on RH and member size (for deck), bH =1.5[1+(0.012RH)18]h0+250
= 1500 1500≤1500 for fcm≤
1500 45 & 1.5[1+(0.012RH)18]h0+250a3
1500 ≤1500α3 for fcm> 45
Coefficient to describe the development of creep with time, bc(t,to) ==[(t-to)/(bH+t-to)]0.3
0.983 0.983 0.983 0.983
Creep coefficient, f (t,to) = f0.bc(t,t0) = 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15
Effective Modulus of Elasticity of Conc. ( Eeff ) = 11.82 11.82 11.82 11.82
Modular ratio ( m ) = 16921.30 16921.30 16921.30 16921.30
Cl 6.4.2.5, IRC 112
Allowable stress in steel = 400 400 400 400 MPA
Allowable stress in concrete = 16.8 12.6 16.8 12.6 MPa
Position of neutural axis from comp face ( x ) = 1303 1303 1305 1305 mm
MoA of compression area = 8.48E+08 8.48E+08 8.51E+08 8.51E+08 mm3
MoA of tension area = 8.48E+08 8.48E+08 8.51E+08 8.51E+08 mm3
Diff = 0 0 0 0 Macro 8
MOI of cracked section = 7E+11 7E+11 7E+11 7E+11 mm4
Stress in tension reinf = 284 189 172 159 MPa
Stress in concrete = 1.75 1.17 1.30 1.20 MPa
Crack Width Check UNIT

Effective area of concrete in tension surrounding
the reinforcement, Ac,eff = b x hc,eff = 170000 175000
Depth of concrete in tension hc,eff = = 170 175 mm
ae = Es / Ecm = 6.25 6.25
rr,eff = = 0.024 0.028
kt = A factor dependent on the duration of the load = 0.5 0.5 Cl 12.3.4, IRC 112
where, fctm(t) = (bcc(t))a x fctm =
and the value of fctm is = = 2.8 2.8 Table 6.5, IRC 112
t = Age of concrete in days = = 28 28 days
t1 = = 1 1 days
S = Co-efficient depends on type of cement = = 0.25 0.25
So, b cc(t) = e ^ [S x (1 - (28/(t/t1))^0.5] = 1.000 1.000
fct,eff = fctm (t) = 2.8 2.8
Maximum Crack Spacing, Sr,max = 3.4c +( 0.425xk1xk2xf)/rr,eff = 399 407 mm
k1 = = 0.8 0.80
k2 = = 0.5 0.50
f= = 20 25 mm
As per Eq 12.6 of IRC: 112-2011
esm -ecm = ((ssc - (kt x fct,eff x (1 + ae x rr,eff))/rr,eff))/Es = 0.000604 0.000501
Crack width ( wk ) = 0.241 0.20 < 0.3 mm
Status = OK OK
Minimum Area of Reinforcement for Crack Control (as per Cl. 12.3.3 of IRC:112 - 2011)
Ned= Axial Force In Serviceability Limit State = 0 0

Ned,Tensile or Compresive = C C
sc=Ned/bh = 0 0
k1 = 1.5 1.5
h* = 1000 1000
For Rectangular Section with bending the value of kc is :--
0.4 x {1 - sc/(k1 x (h/h*) x fct,eff)} = 0.4 0.4
Co-efficient which allows for the effect of non-uniform self
=
equilibrating stress, k = 1 1
Minimum area of Reinf. Reqd. = 381 392
Area of steel provided = 4023 4906
Status = OK OK
LASA, NEW DELHI

1. Preamble (Abutment Shaft Design)
As per cl:7.6.4.1 of IRC:112-2011 Retaining walls,wing walls and abutments where ultimate axial load is less than
0.1*fcd*Ac may be designed as bending elements,neglecting axial load.
Thickness of abutment base = 1.0 m
Total width of abutment = 14.0 m
Area,Ac = 13.99 m2
So,0.1*fcd*Ac = 21871 kN
Max Axial Load = 11816 kN
Design as bending element,neglecting axial load.
2.0 Design Data
Thickness of stem at Top tt = 0.50 m
Thickness of stem at Bottom tb = 1.00 m
Total Height of stem h = 7.06 m
Width of stem b = 13.99 m
Clear Cover to Reinforcement c = 75 mm
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete fck = 35 N/mm2
Characteristic yield strength of steel fyk = 500 N/mm
2
Mean value of axial tensile strength of concrete fctm = 0.259 * fck ^(2/3)
(IRC:112-2011, A-2) = 2.77 N / mm2
Design compressive strength of concrete fcd = 15.63 N / mm2
Material Safety Factor for Steel ϒs = 1.15
2
Design yield strength of steel fyd = 435 N / mm
3.0 Design for Flexure Abutment Cap
Moment at base of Abutment Stem ML = 30473 kN m
Vertical Reinforcement at Inner Face of Stem Abutment Wall

Assume reinforcement Diameter = 25 25 mm
(Bundled) Spacing = 120 120 mm
deff prov = 912.5 mm
b = 13783 mm
Ast, Inner = 112353 mm2 Foundation
( 0.87 fy Ast )
xu / d =
( 0.36 fck b d )
( xu / d )prov = 0.31
( xu / d )lim = 0.46
Status = 1.00 Under Reinforced
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d * (1- ( Ast fy ) / ( b d fck ))
Mu = 38906 kN m OK
Usage = 78%



1 -
1.1
f
f
ck
y
bd
As 


d
Vertical Reinforcement at Outer Face of Stem

NOTE - Provide Minimum Reinforcement at outer face of Stem
Ast, outer = 0.0012 * Ac ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.1(3))

= 0.0012×13783×1.000×1000
= 16540 mm2
Provide, 16 mm dia at 120 mm c/c at outer face of Stem
Ast, outer = 22921 mm2 OK
Check for Total Minimum and Maximum Vertical Reinforcement ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.1(2))
Ast, min = 0.0024 * Ac

= 0.0024×13783×1.000×1000
= 33079 mm2 OK
Ast, max = 0.04 * Ac

= 0.04×13783×1.000×1000
= 551320 mm2 OK
Ast (%) = 0.97%
Horizontal Reinforcement on Earth Face ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.2 )
A st, horz = 20% of Vertical Ast

= 27055 mm2
= 27055 mm2
Provide, 16 mm dia at 100 mm c/c at earth face
Ast, horz = 28409 mm2 OK
LASA, NEW DELHI

Check for Transverse Reinforcement ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.3 )
Ast, provd = 135274 mm2
0.02 * Ac = 275660 mm2 > Ast, provd
Transverse links are Not Required
4.0 Design for Shear

Effective depth longitudinal dL eff = 913 mm
Width bw = 13783 mm
Design shear force,
VRd s = VNS = VEd = 7560 kN
Maximum Allowabe Shear Force ( for maximum shear force take Ɵ = 45 0 )

VRd.max = αcw x bw x z x v1 x (fcd/(cotƟ+tanƟ)) ( IRC:112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.3.2, Eq10.8)
where,
αcw = 1
z = lever arm = 0.90d (For RCC)
v1 is the strength reduction factor for concrete cracked in shear
v1 = 0.53 ( IRC:112-2011, Eq10.6 )
Ɵ= 21.8 (CotƟ = 2.5)
fcd is the design value of concrete compression strength =αcc x fck /ɣm ( IRC: 112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.1 )
αcc = 0.67 (Refer IRC:112-2011, Pg.87)
ɣm = 1.50 (Partial factors for concrete for ULS)
fcd = (αccxfck)/ɣm
= 15.6 N/mm2
VRd.max = 32477 kN Section is OK
Allowable Shear Force without Shear Reinforcement

VRd c = ( 0.12 x K (80 x ρ1 x fck )0.33 + 0.15 x σcp) bw x d ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no.10.3.2(2))
But, VRd.c min = (vmin + 0.15 x σcp) bw x d
where, K= 1+sqrt(200/d) <=2, where d is the depth in mm.

VRd c = The design shear resistance of the member without shear reinforcement.
vmin = 0.031 x K^3/2 x fck^1/2
σcp = Concrete compressive stress at the centroidal axis due to axial loading or prestressing.
ρ1 = Reinforcement ratio for longitudinal reinforcement , = Ast / (bw x d) <=0.02
K = 1.5
ρ1 = 0.0089
σcp = 0.0
VRd c min = 4103 kN
VRd c = 6411 kN
Shear Reinforcement is Required
Shear reinforcement area Dia Legs Spacing Area

10 115 400 mm 9028 mm2
Design yield strength of Shear Reinf ( fywd = 0.8 fywk, fywk = fyk/gs ) 348 MPa
Applied shear stress = V / 0.9bd = 0.67 MPa
Max allowable shear stress 0.225 v fck = 4.19 MPa OK
Limit of applied shear VED <=0.5bw d v fcd = 52326 > 7560 kN OK
Steel Shear capacity VRd.s = ( Asw / s ) z fywd cot q = 16118 kN
Status = OK
5.0 Check for Stresses and Crack Width

A) Properties of Abutment Stem
Width of Abutment Stem B = 13990 mm
Depth of Abutment Stem DS = 1000 mm
Diameter of Tensile Reinforcement f = 25 mm
CG of section from Inner face Yinner = 500 mm
CG of section from Outer face Youter = 500 mm
Area of Steel Provided Ast, prov = 112353 mm2
Effective Depth at Stem bottom deff = 913 mm
Distance of N.A. from Outer face Xu = (0.87 fy * Ast) / (0.36 fck * b)
LASA, NEW DELHI

= 277 mm
Modulus of elasticity for steel Es = 2E+05 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity for concrete Ecm = 3.2E+04 N/mm2
Long term Modular ratio (IRC:21-2000, cl. no. A.1) m = Es / ( 0.5 * Ec )
= 12.50
Properties of Gross Section Values Unit

Gross Area, Agr 1.40E+07 mm2
Gross Moment of Inertia, Igr 1.17E+12 mm4
Inner face
Properties of Uncracked Section b
YT out = ( b * D * D/2 ) + ( ( m - 1 ) * Ast * d )
( b * D ) + (( m - 1 ) * Ast ) (d - YT out) Ast d D
YT inn = D - YT out YT out

YsT = d - YT out Outer face
3 2 2
IT = ( b * D /12 + b * D * ( D/2 - YT out ) ) + (( m - 1 ) * Ast * ( d - YT out) )
Properties of Uncracked Transformed Section Values Unit

CG of Uncracked section from outer face,YT out 535 mm
CG of Uncracked section from Inner face,YT inn 465 mm
CG of Uncracked section from steel,YsT 378 mm
Uncracked Moment of Inertia, IT 1.37E+12 mm4
Inner face
Properties of Cracked Section b
b * Y2out Cr / 2 = m * Ast * ( d - Yout Cr ) (d - Yout Cr) Ast d

13990 *Y2out Cr /2 = 12.50 * 112353 * (913 - Yout Cr )
Yout Cr
6995 Y2out Cr +1404414 Yout Cr - 1.3E+09 = 0 Outer face
Yout Cr = 339 mm
Properties of Cracked Transformed Section Values Unit

CG of Cracked section from Outer face,Yout Cr 339 mm
CG of Cracked section from Inner face,Yinn Cr 661 mm
CG of Cracked section from steel,YsCr 573 mm
Cracked Moment of Inertia, Icr 6.44E+11 mm
4
B) Calculation of Stresses for Abutment Stem

Permissible compressive stress in concrete = 0.48 x fck (IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 12.2.1)
= 16.8 N/mm2
Permissible Tensile stress in steel = 0.8 x fy (IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 12.2.2)

= 400 N/mm2
Bending Moment at bottom of Stem ( Rare Combination )
M Rare = 19742 kN m
Stresses under Rare Combination
Comp stress in concrete at outer face, fcc = ( M / I )* Yout
2
= 10.41 N/mm OK
Tensile stress in concrete at steel level, fct, steel = (M / I )* Ys

2
= 17.58 N/mm
Tensile stress in steel, fst = m x [(M / I )* Ys ]

= 219.81 Mpa OK
C) Calculation of Crack Width for Abutment Stem
Permissible compressive stress in concrete = 0.36 x fck (IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 12.2.1)
2
= 12.6 N/mm
Bending Moment at bottom of Stem ( Quasi-permanent Combination )

Mquasi = 13649 kN m
Cracking Moment of the Section, Mcr = Igr * fctm / Yb

= 6462 kN m
Mcr < Mquasi
Section is Cracked. Hence, Calculate Crack Width
Comp stress in concrete at outer face, fcc = ( M / I )* Yout

2
= 7.19 N/mm OK
Tensile stress in concrete at steel level, fct, steel = (M / I )* Ys

= 12.16 N/mm2 CRACKED
LASA, NEW DELHI

Minimum Reinforcement for Crack control
As min = kc * k * fct,eff * Act (Refer IRC:112-2011, Cl 12.3.3)
ss
Where,
As min = Minimum area of reinforcing steel within the tensile zone
Act = Area of concrete within tensile zone
ss = Maximum stress permitted in the reinforcement immediately after formation of the crack
fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of the concrete = fctm
k= Coefficient which allows for the effect of non-uniform self equilibrium stresses
kc = Coefficient which takes account of stress distribution within the section just prior to cracking
kc = 0.4 x [ 1 - sc /( k1 x ( h/h* ) x fct,eff )]
Act = b * Yinner = 13990 x 661
= 9.24E+06 mm2
ss = 200 N / mm 2 ( IRC:112-2011, Table 12.2)
fct,eff = 0.259 * fck ^(2/3) ( IRC:112-2011, A2-2 )
2.77 N / mm
2
k = 0.65
kc = 0.4
As min = 33302 mm2
Ast, provd = 112353 mm
2 OK
Calculation of Crack Width

Wk = Sr max ( esm - ecm ) ( IRC:112-2011, Cl 12.3.4)
Where,
Wk = Crack width
Sr max = Maximum crack spacing ( IRC:112-2011, Eq. 12.8, 12.11 or 12.12 )
Sr max = 3.4c + ( 0.425 * k1 * k2 * f / rr,eff )
f= Diameter of Main steel
c= Clear cover to lonfitudnal reinforcement
c = 75 mm
k1 = 0.8 for deformed bars
k2 = 0.5 for bending
f = 25 mm
esm = Mean strain in the reinforcement
ecm = Mean strain in the concrete between cracks
Now, esm - ecm =ssc - ( kt * fct,eff / rp,eff ) ( 1 + ae * rp,eff ) >= 0.6 ssc / Es
Es
Where, ssc = Stress in the tension reinforcement assuming a cracked section
ae = Es / Ecm
rr,eff = As / Ac,eff
Ac,eff = Effective area of concrete in tension surrounding the reinforcement = bw * hc,eff
hc,eff is the lesser of = 2.5 ( D - d )
= ( D - x )/ 3
= D/2
kt = Factor dependent on duration of load
hc,eff = 219 mm
Ac,eff = 3.06E+06 mm2
rp,eff = 0.03671
kt = 0.5
ssc = 152 N / mm2
fct,eff = 2.77 N / mm
2
ae = 6.25
esm - ecm = 0.00053
Sr max = 370.8 mm OK
Wk = 0.196 mm < 0.3 mm ( IRC:112-2011, Table 12.1 )
LASA, NEW DELHI

1.0 Design of Return Wall (Supported on Adjacent Sides)
1.1 INPUTS
Depth of Return Wall = 0.50 m
ka = 0.279
2
g = 2.000 t/m
Live load Surcharge = 1.2 m
RECTANGULAR PART
a = 4.000
a= 4.000
b/2 = 5.041
b = 10.082
hence a < b/2
Q1=ka*g*SHt Q2=ka*g*b
The end return wall has been designed as a plate fixed on its two faces i.e. at the base and on one of its vertical sides.
Uniform load due to live load surcharge over entire plate

Height of Length
return of return
S.NO. "a/b" (at x=a & z=0) Mb1
wall (m) wall (m) Q1 (t/m2) b1 b2 g1 g2 (at x=0 & z=0.8b) Ma1 (t-m/m)
(t-m/m)
"b" "a"
1 10.08 4.00 0.397 0.671 0.401 0.439 0.706 0.438 -4.56 -4.98
Varying load due to earth pressure over entire plate
"a/b" Q2 (at x=a & z=0) Mb2 (at x=0 & z=0.4b) Ma2 (t-
b1 b2 g1 g2
(t/m2) (t-m/m) m/m)
0.397 5.633 0.232 0.157 0.430 0.203 -22.16 -14.99
(at x=a & z=0) Mb1 Ultimate Limit State Basic SLS Rare SLS Quasi-Permanent
(t-m/m) Factor Force Moment Factor Force Moment Factor Force Moment
Live Load Surcharge 1.20 0.805 5.471 0.80 0.536 3.647 0.00 0.000 0.000
Active Earth Pressure 1.50 8.450 33.24 1.00 5.633 22.16 1.00 5.633 22.16
Total 9 39 6 26 6 22
(at x=0 & z=0.4b) Ma1 Ultimate Limit State Basic SLS Rare SLS Quasi-Permanent
(t-m/m) Factor Force Moment Factor Force Moment Factor Force Moment
Live Load Surcharge 1.20 0.805 5.980 0.80 0.536 3.987 0.00 0.000 0.000
Active Earth Pressure 1.50 8.450 22.48 1.00 5.633 14.99 1.00 5.633 14.99
Total 9 28 6 19 6 15
2.0 DESIGN INPUTS
Characteristic Strength of Concrete (fck) = 35.0 Mpa

fav = 12.5 Mpa
Design strength of Steel (fyk ) = 500 Mpa
Design Strength of Concrete (fcd ) = 15.6 Mpa IRC-112-6.4.2.8
Mean tensile strength of Concrete (fctm) = 2.80 Mpa
Elastic modulus of Steel (Es) = 200 Gpa
Ec.eff = 32 Gpa
LASA, NEW DELHI

h = 1.00 IRC-112 -A2.9
l = 0.80
b = 0.40
Material safety afctor,ϒs = 1.15 IRC-112 -6.2.2
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Bar dia to be used = 25 mm
3.0 CHECK FOR FLEXURE

Moment Moment
SECTION
(KN-m) (KN-m)
DESIGN SAGGING 387.09 284.62
b 1000 1000
d 412.5 412.5
Kav = M/bd2f av (for Bottom) 0.1819 0.1337
x= ((1+sqrt(1-4bKav))/(2*b))*d (mm) 81.47 58.49
Xlim 0.0035/(0.0035+0.00217)*d 254.45 254.45
Remarks OK OK
Z for bottom (mm) = d-bx 379.9 389.1
As required for Bottom (mm2) 2343.5 1682.4
Minimum Ast required of ((0.26*fctm/fyk bt*d),(0.0013*bt*d)) 600.6 600.6
As provided at Bottom (mm2) 3272.5 3272.5
Remarks for Bottom As OK OK
Primary Longitudinal Reinforcement :-
Provided 25 dia @ 150 c/c

Ast provided 3272 mm2/m
Primary Horizontal Reinforcement :-

Ast provided 3272 mm2/m
Secondary Transverse Reinforcement :-

2
Required Reinforcement 654.50 mm /m
2
Ast provided 753.98 mm /m OK
4.0 CHECK FOR SHEAR
If VRd.c>= VED Not required Design shear reinforcement

VRd.c = The design shear resistance without shear reinf.
VED = The design Shear Force at c/s resulting from external loading & that due to Pre-stressing Vpd
VRd.c = [0.12*K*(80r1*fck)0.33 +0.15*scp] *bw*d ….ref. cl. 10.3.2 (pg-88) of IRC:112-2011

subjected to a minimum of vRd.c = (vmin + 0.15scp)bw*d
K = 1+sqrt(200/d) ≤ 2.0 where d = eff. depth in mm
r1 = Asl / (bw*d) ≤ 0.02
Asl = Area of the tensile reinf which extends not les than (lbd+d) beyond the consider section.
bw = minimum breadth of the section over the depth
fck = characteristic compressive cube strength of concrete at 28 days
rcp = is the mean compressive stress , measured positive, in the concrete due to design axial force. This should be obtained by
averaging it over the concrete section taking account of the reinforcement.
NED = Applied longitudinal force in the section due to loading or prestressing with proper load factors.
Depth of toe at deff from A-A mm 412.5

Effective depth of toe at deff from A-A mm 412.5
K= 1.696
Asl = mm2/m 3272
LASA, NEW DELHI

bw = mm 1000
r1 = 0.0079
fck = Mpa 35.0
fcd = Mpa 15.63
NED = t 0.00
scp = NED/ Ac = Mpa 0.00
OK
scp < 0.2*fcd = Mpa 3.127
VRd.c = kN/m 234
vRd.c minimum= (vmin + 0.15scp)bw*d
vmin = 0.031*K3/2*fck1/2 = 0.405
vRd.c minimum = kN/m 167.1
So, The Design Shear Resistance without shear reinf. VRd.c = kN/m 233.6
VED = kN/m 92.5
OK
5.0 CHECK FOR STRESS
SECTION- SMALLER EDGE Rare Quasi

Design Moment kN-m 190 150
b mm 1000 1000
d mm 412.5 412.5
2
Minimum Ast required of ((0.26*fctm/fyk bt*d),(.0013*bt*d)) mm 600.6 600.6
2
As provided at Bottom (mm ) mm2 3272.5 3272.5
mm 109.45 109.45
mm4 3.7E+08 3.7E+08
sc (Top) (Mpa) mPa 8.969 7.085
ss (Top) (Mpa) mPa 155.22 122.61
Check concrete OK OK
Check Steel OK OK
SECTION - LONGER EDGE Rare Quasi

Design Moment kN-m 258 222
b mm 1000 1000
d mm 412.5 412.5
2
Minimum Ast required of ((0.26*fctm/fyk bt*d),(.0013*bt*d)) mm 600.6 600.6
As provided at Bottom (mm2) mm2 3272.5 3272.5
mm 109.45 109.45
mm4 3.7E+08 3.7E+08
sc (Top) (Mpa) mPa 12.198 10.474
ss (Top) (Mpa) mPa 211.10 181.26
Check concrete OK OK
Check Steel OK OK
6.0 CHECK FOR CRACK Smaller Longer

Wk = Sr,max (esm-ecm) mm 0.198 0.293 OK
Sr,max = Maximum crack spacing (3.4c+0.425k1k2j/rr.eff) mm 539.1 539.1
= where spacing of bonded reinforcement with in the tension mm 437.5 437.5
j = is the bar diameter.Where different diameters are used in mm 25.00 25.00
C = Clear cover to longitudinal reinforcement mm 75.00 75.00
K1 = is the co-efficient which takes account of the bond properties 0.800 0.800
K2 = is a co-fficient which takes into account of the distribution of 0.500 0.500
ssc - kt fct.eff/rr.eff (1+aerr.eff)
(esm-ecm) = Es >=0.6 ssc / Es 0.00037 0.00054
ssc = is the stress in the tension reinforcement assuming a cracked Mpa 122.61 181.26
ae = is the ratio Es/Ec 6.25 6.25
rr.eff = As/Ac.eff 0.0150 0.0150
2
Ac.eff = is the effective area of concrete in tension surrounding the mm 218750.0 218750.0
1 One third of the tension zone depth of the cracked section,(h- b (mm) 464 464
2 half of section depth,h/2, or h (mm) 250 250
3 2.5*(h-d) d (mm) 219 219
x (mm) 109.4 109.4
As = Area of tension reinforcement mm2 3272 3272
fct.eff = is the mean value of the tensile strength of the concrete Mpa 2.80 2.80
LASA, NEW DELHI

1 Design of Dirt Wall
1.1 Design Data
Thickness of dirtwall t = 0.350 m
Height of dirtwall h = 3.017 m
Unit weight of soil fill gfill = 20 kN/m3
Co-efficient of active earth prerssure ka = 0.279
Clear Cover to Reinforcement c = 75 mm
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete fck = 35 N/mm2
Characteristic yield strength of steel fyk = 500 N/mm2
Mean value of axial tensile strength of concrete = 0.259 * fck ^(2/3)
(IRC:112-2011, A-2) = 2.77 N / mm2
0.350 m
3.02 m
16.86 6.71
Earth Pressure diagram
1.2 Force Calculation
Total Braking force on Dirt Wall =0.2×200 = 40.0 kN
16.0
10 T 10 T
1.7
2.79m 1.8
3.02 m
1.70 m 2.79 m 3.02 m 8.49 m

16.00 m
Transverse Section of Dirt Wall
Pressure
2
Earth Pressure due to LL surcharge =0.279×20 ×1.2 = 6.705 kN/m
2
Active Earth Pressure =0.279×20 ×3.017 = 16.859 kN/m
Force
Force at the base due to LL surcharge =6.705×3.017 = 20.23 kN/m
Force due to Active Earth Pressure =0.5×16.859×3.017 = 25.43 kN/m
Force due to Braking =40/16 = 2.50 kN/m
LASA, NEW DELHI

Moment
Moment at the base due to LL surcharge =20.231×3.017/2 = 30.52 kN m/m
Moment due to Active Earth Pressure =25.435×0.42×3.017 = 32.23 kN m/m
Moment due to Braking Force =2.50×(3.01725+1.2) = 10.54 kN m/m
1.3 Design for Flexure

Load Factors ( Refer IRC: 6-2010, Table 3.2 )
Load Factor for Live Load Surcharge = 1.5 ( Accompanying load )

Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.5 ( Leading load )
Load Factor for Braking = 1.5 ( Accompanying load )
Design Bending Moment ( Basic Combination : Earth pressure leading )
Moment at base of the Dirt Wall; ML = (30.52×1.5)+(32.23×1.5)+(10.54×1.5)

= 110 kN m/m
Vertical Reinforcement at Inner Face of Dirt Wall
Assume reinforcement Diameter = 16 mm
Spacing = 150 mm
deff prov = 267 mm
b = 1000 mm
Ast, Inner = 1340 mm2 / m
xu / d = ( 0.87 fy Ast )
( 0.36 fck b d ) ( xu / d )prov = 0.17
( xu / d )lim = 0.46
Check = 1.00 Under Reinforced
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d * (1- ( Ast fy ) / ( b d fck )) Mu = 144.5 kN m/m SAFE

Usage = 76.08%
Vertical Reinforcement at Outer Face of Dirt Wall
NOTE - Provide Minimum Reinforcement at outer face of Dirt Wall
Ast, outer = 0.0012 * Ac ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.1(3))

= 0.0012×1000×0.350×1000
= 420 mm2 / m
Provide, 12 mm dia at 150 mm c/c at outer face of Dirt Wall
Ast, outer = 754 mm2 / m SAFE
Check for Total Minimum and Maximum Vertical Reinforcement ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.1(2))
Ast, min = 0.0024 * Ac
= 0.0024×1000×0.350×1000
= 840 mm2 / m SAFE
Ast, max = 0.04 * Ac

= 0.04×1000×0.350×1000
= 14000 mm2 / m SAFE
Horizontal Reinforcement on Either Face ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.2 )
A st, horz = 25% of Total Vertical Ast OR 0.001 * Ac

= 524 mm2 / m OR 350 mm2 / m
= 524 mm2 / m
Provide, 10 mm dia at 200 mm c/c at either face
Ast, horz = 785 mm2 / m SAFE
LASA, NEW DELHI

Check for Transverse Reinforcement
Ast, provd = 2094 mm2 / m
0.02 * Ac = 7000 mm2 / m < Ast, provd
Transverse links are Not Required
1.4 Design for Shear
Effective depth longitudinal dL eff = 267 mm

Width bw = 1000 mm
Design shear force,
VRd s = VNS = VEd = (20.23×1.5)+(25.43×1.5)+(2.50×1.5)
= 72 kN / m
Maximum Allowabe Shear Force ( for maximum shear force take Ɵ = 45 0 )

VRd.max = αcw x bw x z x v1 x (fcd/(cotƟ+tanƟ)) ( IRC:112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.3.2, Eq10.8)
where,
αcw = 1
z = lever arm = 0.9d (For RCC)
v1 is the strength reduction factor for concrete cracked in shear
v1 = 0.53 ( IRC:112-2011, Eq10.6 )
Ɵ= 45 (CotƟ = 1)
fcd is the design value of concrete compression strength =αcc x fck /ɣm ( IRC: 112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.1 )
αcc = 0.67 (Refer IRC:112-2011, Pg.87)
ɣm = 1.50 (Partial factors for concrete for ULS)
fcd = (αccxfck)/ɣm
= 15.6 N/mm2
VRd.max = 1000 kN / m Section is Safe
Allowable Shear Force without Shear Reinforcement

VRd c = ( 0.12 x K (80 x ρ1 x fck )0.33 + 0.15 x σcp) bw x d ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no.10.3.2(2))
But, VRd.c min = (vmin + 0.15 x σcp) bw x d
where, K= 1+sqrt(200/d) <=2, where d is the depth in mm.

VRd c = The design shear resistance of the member without shear reinforcement.
vmin = 0.031 x K^3/2 x fck^1/2
σcp = Concrete compressive stress at the centroidal axis due to axial loading or prestressing.
ρ1 = Reinforcement ratio for longitudinal reinforcement , = Ast / (bw x d) <=0.02
K = 1.9
ρ1 = 0.0050
σcp = 0
VRd c min = 125 kN / m
VRd c = 143 kN / m
Shear Reinforcement is Not Required
LASA, NEW DELHI

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LEA Associates South Asia Pvt. Ltd.

Density of Concrete = 25 kN/m3

4. Dead Load Calculation of Superstructure :

GIRDER SECTION IN CENTRAL PORTION

2.4140 6.0000 2.4140

Girder B H Area No of Total Unit Total Wt

LASA, NEW DELHI

Girder Nos B H Area No of Girder Total Area Length Unit Total Wt

GIRDER IN TRANSITION ZONE

Dead Load of DIAPHRAGM

Crash Barrier and Kerb Etc

5. Live Load Coalculation :

LASA, NEW DELHI

Finished Road Level 0.000 1.600 0.100

Foundation Base Lvl 1.100 1.100

13.99 4.000 1.000 3.500

LASA, NEW DELHI

7. Wind force Calculation :

LASA, NEW DELHI

0.60 46.2 1.20

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.)

8. Earth Pressure Calculation :

LL Surcharge to be considered ( Yes - 1, No - 0 ) = 1 Curtailment Point 0.0 Above stem Base

At Abutment Stem Base

LASA, NEW DELHI

9. Seismic force Calculation :

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.)

10. Summary of Normal Loads and other Loads at Foundation Base:

LASA, NEW DELHI

13. Summary of Loads for Base Pressure Check of Foundation:

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 LL 1.00 EP 1.00

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

14. Base Pressure Check :

Area of Foundation ( A ) = 118.92 sqm

LASA, NEW DELHI

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.35 SIDL 1.75 LL 1.15 EP 1.50

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

16. Summary of Loads for Stress Check of Foundation:

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 LL 1.00 EP 1.00

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

LASA, NEW DELHI

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 EP 1.00

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

19. Summary of Normal Loads and other Loads at Abutment Base:

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.)

17 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0 0 0 946 5.04 4768 0 0.00 0

21 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0 0 0 946 5.04 4768 0 0.00 0

20. Summary of Loads for Strength Check at Abutment:

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.35 SIDL 1.75 LL 1.15 EP 1.50

LASA, NEW DELHI

Load at Curtailment Point

21. Summary of Loads for Stress Check at Abutment Base:

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 LL 1.00 EP 1.00

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) Result Mom

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) Result Mom

LASA, NEW DELHI

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 EP 1.00

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) Result Mom