CHAPTER - 1

“Papers didn’t staff our training camp,” he said. “I wrote stories for the papers and the papers

INTRODUCTION

Almost everyone is dealing with the phenomenon of sport in today's world. People are either
athletes or sport fans, who follow sport news and materials in mass media including radio, TV
and newspapers. Therefore, investigating sport and media has been widely developed. Increase
in reporting and studying in sport mass media, especially about the audience and content in
various sport media, is among such examples. Mass media are a function of increasing interest
in sport and this interest increase of the audience develops attention of mass media like
newspapers, magazines, radio, TV, recently Internet and their wide sport coverage . Considering
effect of sport on different dimensions of personal and social life, importance of its development
at national scale and mediator role of media in this regard, it is essential to identify role of media
in sport development and prepare appropriate plans for it. Any macro planning for effective use
of media functions in sport area requires deep identification of this area and investigation of
these functions in different axes of development in sport. Mass

media of the country, especially national mass media, need to leave traditional and sectional
decision making in this regard and move toward strategic planning in different axes and
consider consistent national and organizational goals Mass media have an axial and undeniable
role in meeting the need for development awareness through transferring information to the
audience and exchanging thoughts. This point makes it possible for humans to know their
surrounding world and make their important personal and social decisions based on clearer and
more updated information so that they could get familiar with their social responsibilities,
especially for development. Second main responsibility of mass media is their leadership and
guidance role. Mass media could play an effective, instructive and leading role in development,
awakening public consciousness and raising public awareness by spreading novel ideas Media
activities in sport are conducted in order to communicate and send messages from sport
organization or the media itself to the audience. Communication has a major role in transferring
knowledge, skills, attitudes and information. Among the mass media, on-line media which are
called new media in sport have found an influential domain today. The necessity of knowing
“Internet” and its role in distributing sport news and also need for studying to find results in
line with achieving this important issue have provided a research field in this regard. Since no
comprehensive research has been implemented in this field to compare on-line news of sport

1
social organizations in active local and international sport agencies and considering the
importance of media role in sport development and guiding public opinion, performing a
targeted study on on-line sport media and presenting useful information could assist planners
of this field. The present researcher attempted to answer this question: how is the situation of
sport social organizations in on-line media?

The late Texas “Tex” Schramm (1920–2003) earned his football reputation as the general
manager who helped build the Dallas Cowboys into “America’s Team” during the 1960s and
’70s. But he started in football in 1947 as director of publicity for the Los Angeles Rams.
During that time Schramm said he practically had to beg local newspapers to cover the team.

would put some other writer’s by-line on the story. Not only that, I wrote the headline and
helped ship the copy to the composing room” (“Tint of,” 1994). Schramm later made the
somewhat infamous comment about free agency in the National Football League (NFL), saying
it would never happen because “you guys (the players) are cattle, and we’re (owners) the
ranchers. And ranchers can always get more cattle” (Farmer & Johnson, 2008). Times have
certainly changed. Most certainly for the NFL, whose players now have a measure of free
agency. But for our purposes, the changes in sports media have been just as great. Certainly
the days of the NFL having to beg for media attention have long since passed; the media have
helped turn the league into perhaps the most dominant and iconic sports organization in
American history. And Schramm’s comment about cattle and ranchers may have been aimed
at NFL players and owners, but it has an important corollary for sports media. The sports media
used to be the ranchers—controlling production and distribution of content; deciding the what,
when, and where of audience consumption. But that system, just like Schramm’s vision of free
agency, is long gone. In its place has risen a new model fueled by new technology and defined
by interactivity, audience fragmentation and empowerment, and instantaneous access. The
evolution marks an important transition for what we call media relations in sport. Sports media
have evolved from a fairly closed, one-way communication system based on distribution of
content to mass audiences to a much more open and interactive system aimed at interconnected
niche audiences who can now also create and distribute their own content (see

To fully understand the change requires a closer look at how we define media relations in sport.
As the phrase would suggest, there are three key components—media, sport, and
communication (relations). All of these parts of the sports communication process have

2
evolved drastically over the years. The Old Model (1850s–1980s) There is no precise time to
date the emergence of mass media coverage of sports in the US. According to Enriquez (2002),
one of the earliest known sports stories was a description of a prize fight that appeared in a
Boston newspaper in 1733. Media coverage of sports was fairly sporadic until the middle of
the 19th century. Sowell (2008) argues that the birth of national sports coverage began in 1849
when the telegraph was first used to help cover a championship boxing match, and partly for
that reason we’ll use 1850 as the starting point for the model. By that time the forces that helped
create the mass audiences needed for mediated sports coverage— industrialization,
urbanization, and the growth of education—were already under way. The media during this
time were characterized by the traditional mass media that still exist today: first newspapers
and magazines, followed by radio and then television.

3
 CHAPTER -2

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Many types of businesses today are increasingly engaging in new media with
the aim of delivering their products and services competitively, including sports organization
New media gives opportunities for creative viral marketing campaign for building awareness
about companies and brands. It seems that companies such as Coca-Cola, Apple or Google
very well understood possibilities what new media constantly offers. Socialnetworking sites
represent a unique and engaging communication tool that can be used by companies to
disseminate unfiltered messages to mass audiences and specific target markets To establish,
maintain, and enhance relationships with its customers, any business needs to communicate
and engage in a dialogue with them, including sport organizations.

Researchers defined social media as web-based application that enables users to create and
easily transmit content in different forms (words, pictures, videos, audios) The concept of
social media is to foster participation, collaboration and community engagement. media enable
sports organizations to foster closeness with fans through interactive marketing and
promotional activities

Bearing in mind above, it is important to consider relation marketing theories. Greenrooms

defines relationship marketing as a process of identifying and establishing, maintaining and
enhancing and when necessary also terminating relationships with customers and other
stakeholders, at a profit, so that the objectives of all parties are met; and this is done by a mutual
exchange and fulfilment of promises. There had not been many studies regarding relationship
marketing in sport sector, but one that are existing have showed that sports organizations could
benefit from relationship marketing. Sport participants (organizations, athletes, companies,
viewers) have relationships with one another that depend on successful management of those
relationships. Web 2.0 existing technologies for sport stakeholders provides more effective
ways to implement strategies, where social media provide one way to meet relationship
marketing goals. Social media made possible for sport stakeholders to get and stay in touch
with users (read: customers) in a direct way and to engage in dialogue, forcing them to
look/think outside the box. Having in mind whole range of benefits, the sport movement is
seeking to profit from linking their goals with social media.

4
 CHAPTER -3
METHODOLOGY

Survey research is a critical component of measurement and applied social research. It is a

broad area that encompasses many procedures that involve asking questions to specific
respondents.

A survey can be anything from a short feedback form to intensive, in-depth interviews that
attempt to gather specific data about situations, events, or circumstances. Although there are
several methods of application that researchers can apply using this tool, you can divide surveys
into two generic categories: interviews and questionnaires.

Innovations in this area in recent years allow for advanced software solutions to provide more
data to researchers because of the availability of online and mobile surveys. That means the
people who are in the most challenging places to reach can still provide feedback on critical
ideas, services, or solutions.

Several survey research advantages and disadvantages exist, so reviewing each critical point is
necessary to determine if there is value in using this approach for your next project.

List of the Advantages of Survey Research

1. It is an inexpensive method of conducting research.

Surveys are one of the most inexpensive methods of gathering quantitative data that is currently
available. Some questionnaires can be self-administered, making it a possibility to avoid in-
person interviews. That means you have access to a massive level of information from a large
demographic in a relatively short time. You can place this option on your website, email it to
individuals, or post it on social media profile.
Some of these methods have no financial cost at all, relying on personal efforts to post and
collect the information. Robust targeting is necessary to ensure that the highest possible
response rate becomes available to create a more accurate result.

5
2. Surveys are a practical solution for data gathering.
Surveys or a practical way to gather information about something specific. You can target them
to a demographic of your choice or manage them in several different ways. It is up to you to
determine what questions get asked and in what format. You can use polls, questionnaires,
quizzes, open-ended questions, and multiple-choice to collect info in realtime situations so that
the feedback is immediately useful.

. It is a fast way to get the results that you need.

Surveys provide fast and comfortable results because of today’s mobile and online tools. It is
not unusual for this method of data collection to generate results in as little as one day, and
sometimes it can be even less than that depending on the scale and reach of your questions.

You no longer need to wait for another company to deliver the solutions that you need because
these questionnaires give you insights immediately. That means you can start making decisions
in the shortest amount of time possible.

4. Surveys provide opportunities for scalability.

A well-constructed survey allows you to gather data from an audience of any size. You can
distribute your questions to anyone in the world today because of the reach of the Internet.
All you need to do is send them a link to the page where you solicit information from them.
This process can be done automatically, allowing companies to increase the efficiency of
their customer on boarding processes.
Marketers can also use surveys as a way to create lead nurturing campaigns. Scientific research
gains a benefit through this process as well because it can generate social insights at a personal
level that other methods are unable to achieve.

5. It allows for data to come from multiple sources at once.

When you construct a survey to meet the needs of a demographic, then you have the ability to
use multiple data points collected from various geographic locations. There are fewer barriers
in place today with this method than ever before because of the online access we have around
the world.

6
Some challenges do exist because of this benefit, namely because of the cultural differences
that exist between different countries. If you conduct a global survey, then you will want to
review all of the questions to ensure that an offense is not unintentionally given.

6. Surveys give you the opportunity to compare results.

After researchers quantify the information collected from surveys, the data can be used to
compare and contrast the results from other research efforts. This benefit makes it possible to
use the info to measure change. That means a questionnaire that goes out every month or each
year becomes more valuable over time.
When you can gather a significant amount of data, then the picture you are trying to interpret
will become much clearer. Surveys provide the capability of generating new strategies or
identifying new trends to create more opportunities.

7. It offers a straightforward analysis and visualization of the data.

Most surveys are quantitative by design. This process allows for the advantage of a
straightforward analysis process so that the results can be quickly visualized. That means a data
scientist doesn’t need to be available to start the work of interpreting the results. You can take
advantage of third-party software tools that can turn this info into usable reports, charts, and
tables to facilitate the presentation efforts.

8. Survey respondents can stay anonymous with this research approach.

If you choose to use online or email surveys, then there is a fantastic opportunity to allow
respondents to remain anonymous. Complete invisibility is also possible with postal
questionnaires, allowing researchers to maximize the levels of comfort available to the
individuals who offer answers. Even a phone conversation doesn’t require a face-to-face
meeting, creating this unique benefit.

When people have confidence in the idea that their responses will not be directly associated
with their reputation, then researchers have an opportunity to collect information with greater
accuracy.

9. It is a research tool with fewer time constraints.

Surveys have fewer time limits associated with them when compared to other research
methods. There is no one on the other end of an email or postal questionnaire that wants an
7
immediate answer. That means a respondent can take additional time to complete each answer
in the most comfortable way possible. This benefit is another way to encourage more honesty
within the results since having a researcher presence can often lead to socially desirable
answers.
10. Surveys can cover every component of any topic.
Another critical advantage that surveys provide is the ability to ask as many questions as you
want. There is a benefit in keeping an individual questionnaire short because a respondent may
find a lengthy process to be frustrating. The best results typically come when you can create an
experience that involves 10 or fewer questions.
Since this is a low-cost solution for gathering data, there is no harm in creating multiple surveys
that have an easy mode of delivery. This benefit gives you the option to cover as many sub-
topics as possible so that you can build a complete profile of almost any subject matter.

List of the Disadvantages of Survey Research

1. There is always a risk that people will provide dishonest answers.

The risk of receiving a dishonest answer is lower when you use anonymous surveys, but it does
not disappear entirely. Some people want to help researchers come to whatever specific
conclusion they think the process is pursuing. There is also a level of social desirability bias
that creeps into the data based on the interactions that respondents have with questionnaires.
You can avoid some of this disadvantage by assuring individuals that their privacy is a top
priority and that the process you use prevents personal information leaks, but you can’t stop
this problem 100% of the time.
2. You might discover that some questions don’t get answers.
If you decide to use a survey to gather information, then there is a risk that some questions will
be left unanswered or ignored. If some questions are not required, then respondents might
choose not to answer them. An easy way to get around this disadvantage is to use an online
solution that makes answering questions a required component of each step. Then make sure
that your survey stays short and to the point to avoid having people abandon the process
altogether.
3. There can be differences in how people understand the survey questions.
There can be a lot of information that gets lost in translation when researchers opt to use a
survey instead of other research methods. When there is not someone available to explain a
questionnaire entirely, then the results can be somewhat subjective. You must give everyone

8
an opportunity to have some understanding of the process so that you can encourage accurate
answers.
It is not unusual to have respondents struggle to grasp the meaning of some questions, even
though the text might seem clear to the people who created it. Whenever miscommunication is
part of the survey process, the results will skew in unintended directions. The only way to avoid
this problem is to make the questions as simple as possible.

4. Surveys struggle to convey emotions with the achievable results.

A survey does not do a good job of capturing a person’s emotional response to the questions
then counter. The only way to gather this information is to have an in-person interview with
every respondent. Facial expressions and other forms of body language can add subtlety to a
conversation that isn’t possible when someone is filling out an online questionnaire. Some
researchers get stuck trying to interpret feelings in the data they receive. A slidingscale
response that includes various levels of agreement or disagreement can try to replicate the
concept of emotion, but it isn’t quite the same as being in the same room as someone. Assertion
and strength will always be better information-gathering tools than multiple-choice questions.

5. Some answers can be challenging to classify.

Surveys produce a lot of data because of their nature. You can tabulate multiple-choice
questions, graph agreement or disagreement in specific areas, or create open-ended questions
that can be challenging to analyse. Individualized answers can create a lot of useful
information, but they can also provide you with data that cannot be quantified. If you
incorporate several questions of this nature into a questionnaire, then it will take a long time to
analyse what you received.
Only 10% of the questions on the survey should have an open-ended structure. If the
questions are confusing or bothersome, then you might find that the information you must
manually review is mostly meaningless.

6. You must remove someone with a hidden agenda as soon as possible.

Respondent bias can be a problem in any research type. Participants in your survey could have
an interest in your idea, service, or product. Others might find themselves being influenced to
participate because of the subject material found in your questionnaire. These issues can lead
to inaccurate data gathering because it generates an imbalance of respondents who either see
the process as overly positive or negative.

9
This disadvantage of survey research can be avoided by using effective pre-screening tools that
use indirect questions that identify this bias.

7. Surveys don’t provide the same level of personalization.

Any marketing effort will feel impersonal unless you take the time to customize the process.
Because the information you want to collect on a questionnaire is generic by nature, it can be
challenging to generate any interest in this activity because there is no value promised to the
respondent. Some people can be put off by the idea of filling out a generic form, leading them
to abandon the process.
This issue is especially difficult when your survey is taken voluntarily online, regardless of an
email subscription or recent purchase.

8. Some respondents will choose answers before reading the questions.

Every researcher hopes that respondents will provide conscientious responses to the questions
offered in a survey. The problem here is that there is no way to know if the person filling out
the questionnaire really understood the content provided to them. You don’t even have a
guarantee that the individual read the question thoroughly before offering a response. There
are times when answers are chosen before someone fully reads the question and all of the
answers. Some respondents skip through questions or make instant choices without reading the
content at all. Because you have no way to know when this issue occurs, there will always be
a measure of error in the collected data.

9. Accessibility issues can impact some surveys.

A lack of accessibility is always a threat that researchers face when using surveys. This option
might be unsuitable for individuals who have a visual or hearing impairment. Literacy is often
necessary to complete this process. These issues should come under consideration during the
planning stages of the research project to avoid this potential disadvantage. Then make the
effort to choose a platform that has the accessibility options you need already built into it.
10. Survey fatigue can be a real issue that some respondents face.
There are two issues that manifest themselves because of this disadvantage. The first problem
occurs before someone even encounters your questionnaire. Because they feel overwhelmed
by the growing number of requests for information, a respondent is automatically less inclined
to participate in a research project. That results in a lower overall response rate. Then there is
the problem of fatigue that happens while taking a survey. This issue occurs when someone

10
feels like the questionnaire is too long or contains questions that seem irrelevant. You can tell
when this problem happens because a low completion rate is the result. Try to make the process
as easy as possible to avoid the issues with this disadvantage.

Conclusion
Surveys sometimes have a poor reputation. Researchers have seen response rates decline
because this method of data gathering has become unpopular since the 1990s. Part of the reason
for this perception is due to the fact that everyone tries to use it online since it is a low-cost
way to collect information for decision-making purposes.

That’s why researchers are moving toward a rewards-based system to encourage higher
participation and completion rates. The most obvious way to facilitate this behavior is to offer
something tangible, such as a gift card or a contest entry. You can generate more responses by
creating an anonymous process that encourages direct and honest answers.

These survey research advantages and disadvantages prove that this process isn’t as easy as it
might see from the outside. Until you sit down to start writing the questions, you may not
entirely know where you want to take this data collection effort. By incorporating the critical
points above, you can begin to craft questions in a way that encourages the completion of the
activity.

11
 Chapter 4
Data analysis
TABLE 1

When the were asked to identify among the sample gender it was found the declared Male
[82.52%] and Female[ 17.47%]

The distribution of sample according to the Gender

GENDER Fr percentage

Male 85 82.52%

Female 18 17.47%

Total 103 100%

TABLE 2

When sample were asked to identify the age group among the sample [93.14%] 25 years below
and [4.85%] 26-30 years ,and above[ 0%]

The distribution of sample according to Age group

AGE GROUP Fr percentage

25 below 98 95.14%

26-30 years 5 4.85%

30 above 0 0%

total 103 100%

12
TABLE 3

When sample were asked to identify among the sample study of year it was found the declared
1 st year [ 23.30%] 2nd year [42.71%] 3rd year [17.47%] and 4th year [16.50% ]

The distribution of sample according to study of year

STUDY OF YEAR Fr percentage
1st Year 24 23.30%
2nd year 44 42.71%
3rd year 18 17.47%
4th year 17 16.50%
Total 103 100%

TABLE 4

When the sample were to identify among the sample College it was found the declared Arts
[26.21%] Science [ 37.86%] Engineering [18.44%] and pharmacy [ 17.47%]

The distribution of sample According to in which college

COLLEGE Fr percentage

Arts 27 26.21%

Sciences 39 37.86%

Engineering 19 18.44%

Pharmacy 18 17.47%

Total 103 100%

13
TABLE 5

When the sample were to identify among the sample place of study found the declare Rural
[76.69%] Semi urban [1.94%] Urban [16.50%] city [4.85%]

The distribution of sample according to place of study

BACK GROUND Fr %
Rural 79 76.69%
Semi urban 2 1.94%
Urban 17 16.50%
City 5 4.85%
Total 103 100%

TABLE 6

When the sample were to identify among the sample occupation of parent found the declare
employ 12.62% farmer 57.28% daily coolly 23.30% business 6.79% The distribution of
sample according to occupation of parent
Occupation of parent Fr %
Employ 13 12.62%
Farmer 59 57.28%
Daily coolly 24 23.30%
Business 7 6.79%
Total 103 100%

14
TABLE 7

When the sample were to identify among the sample Annual income found the declare 1lakh
below [80.58%] ,2-3 lakh [17.47%] ,4 lakh [0%],And 5 lakh [1.94%]

The distribution of sample according to annual income

Annual income Fr %
1 lakh 83 80.58%
2-3lakh 18 17.47%
4 lakh 0 0%
5 lakh 2 1.94%
Total 103 100%

TABLE 8

When the sample were to identify among the sample Watching sports channel Found the
declare

YES 76.69% NO 23.30%

The distribution of sample of according to Watching sports Channel

Watching sports channel Fr %
YES 79 76.69%
NO 24 23.30%
Total 103 100%

15
TABLE 9

When the sample were to identify among the sample How long watching sports channel found
the declare 1 hour [37.86%] ,2 hours [28.85%], 3hours [13.59%] ,and 4 hours above [20.38%]

The distribution of sample according to how long watching sports channel

How long watching sports Fr %
channel
1 hour 39 37.86%
2 hour 29 28.15%
3 hour 14 13.59%
4 hours above 21 20.38%
Total 103 100%

TABLE 10

When the sample were to identify among the sample stay in hostel it was found the declared
YES [97.08% ] [NO 2.92%]

The distribute the sample according to the stay in hostel

Stay in hostel Fr %
YES 100 97.08%
NO 03 2.92%
Total 103 100%

16
TABLE 11

when the sample were to identify among the sample TV facility in hostel it was found the
declare YES [49.52%] NO [50.48%]

the distribution of sample according to TV facility in hostel

TV facility in hostel Fr %
YES 51 49.52%
NO 52 50.48%
Total 103 100%

TABLE 12

When the sample were to identify among the sample what gadget do you using seeing the
sports channel smart phone [71.84%], TV [23.30%] , Radio [0%] , and others [2.91%]

The distribution of sample according to using gadget for sports channel

Using gadgets Fr %
Smart phone 74 71.84%
TV 24 23.03%
Radio 0 0%
Other 5 4.85%
Total 103 100%

17
TABLE 13

When the sample were to identify among the sample New paper facility in hostel it was
found the declared news paper facility YES [57.28%] NO [42.71%] The distribution
of sample according to news paper facility in hostel
News facility in hostel Fr %
YES 59 57.28%
NO 44 42.71%
Total 103 100%

TABLE 14

When the sample were to identify among the sample habit of reading news paper it was found
the declared YES [79.62%] NO [20.38%]

The distribution of sample according to habit of reading news papers

Habit of reading news Fr %
papers
YES 82 79.62%
NO 21 20.38%
Total 103 100%

18
TABLE 15

When the sample were to identify among the sample what news do you read most.

Sports [36.89%] , Crime [15.53%] , politics [20.38%] , Cinema [18.44%] , Business

[7.76%]

The distribution of sample according to in what news do you read the most
Most read Fr %
Sports 38 36.89%
Crime 16 15.53%
politics 21 20.38%
Cinema 19 18.44%
Business 8 7.76%
Total 103 100%

TABLE 16

When the sample were to identify among the sample Radio facility it was found the declared

YES [19.42%] , NO [80.58%]

The distribution of sample according to Radio facility

Radio facility Fr %
YES 20 19.42%
NO 83 80.58%
Total 103 100%

19
TABLE 17

When the sample were to identify among the sample listen to sports commentary on the radio
It was found the declared YES [14.56%] NO [85.43%]

The distribution of sample according to listen sports commentary on the radio

Listen sports commentary Fr %
YES 15 14.56%
NO 88 85.43%
Total 103 100%

TABLE 18

When the sample were to identify among the sample participated in sports competitions

It was found the declared YES [53.39%] NO [46.60%]

The distribution of sample according to participated in sports competition

Participated in sports Fr %
competition
YES 55 53.39%
NO 48 46.60%
Total 103 100%

20
FINDINGS & CONCLUSION

When the were asked to identify among the sample gender it was found the declared Male
[82.52%] and Female[ 17.47%]

When sample were asked to identify the age group among the sample [93.14%] 25 years below
and [4.85%] 26-30 years ,and above[ 0%]

When sample were asked to identify among the sample study of year it was found the declared
1 st year [ 23.30%] 2nd year [42.71%] 3rd year [17.47%] and 4th year [16.50% ]

When the sample were to identify among the sample College it was found the declared Arts
[26.21%] Science [ 37.86%] Engineering [18.44%] and pharmacy [ 17.47%]

When the sample were to identify among the sample place of study found the declare Rural
[76.69%] Semi urban [1.94%] Urban [16.50%] city [4.85%]

Whan the sample were to identify among the sample occupation of parent found the declare
employ 12.62% farmer 57.28% daily coolly 23.30% business 6.79%

When the sample were to identify among the sample Annual income found the declare 1lakh
below [80.58%] ,2-3 lakh [17.47%] ,4 lakh [0%],And 5 lakh [1.94%]

21
When the sample were to identify among the sample Watching sports channel Found the
declare

YES 76.69% NO 23.30%

When the sample were to identify among the sample How long watching sports channel found
the declare 1 hour [37.86%] ,2 hours [28.85%], 3hours [13.59%] ,and 4 hours above [20.38%]

When the sample were to identify among the sample stay in hostel it was found the declared
YES [97.08% ] [NO 2.92%]
when the sample were to identify among the sample TV facility in hostel it was found the
declare YES [49.52%] NO [50.48%]

When the sample were to identify among the sample what gadget do you using seeing the
sports channel smart phone [71.84%], TV [23.30%] , Radio [0%] , and others [2.91%]

When the sample were to identify among the sample New paper facility in hostel it was
found the declared news paper facility YES [57.28%] NO [42.71%]

When the sample were to identify among the sample habit of reading news paper it was
found the declared YES [79.62%] NO [20.38%]

When the sample were to identify among the sample what news do you read most.
Sports [36.89%] , Crime [15.53%] , politics [20.38%] , Cinema [18.44%] , Business
[7.76%]

When the sample were to identify among the sample Radio facility it was found the declared
YES [19.42%] , NO [80.58%]

When the sample were to identify among the sample listen to sports commentary on the radio
It was found the declared YES [14.56%] NO [85.43%]

22
When the sample were to identify among the sample participated in sports competitions
It was found the declared YES [53.39%] NO [46.60%]

23
Appendix (questionnaire)

USING MEDIA FOR SPORTS INFORMATION BY ANU STUDENTS

Name----------------------------------------------
1.Gender
[A]Male( ) [B]Female( )

2.Age
[A]25yearsbelow( ) [B]26-30years( ) [C]31yearsabove( )

3.StudyofYear
[A]1stYear( ) [B]2ndYear( ) [C]3rdYear( ) [D] 4TH Year

4.College
[A]Arts. ( ) [B]Science ( ) [C]Engineering ( ) [D]Pharmacy ( )

5.Background
[A]Rural( ) [B]Semi Urban ( ) [C]Urban( ) [D]City ( )

6.Occupationofparents
[A]Employee () [B]Farmer () [C]Daily Coolly () [D]Business()

7.AnnualIncome
[A]Rs1lakhbelow ( ) [B]Rs2–3lakhs. ( ) [C]Rs4lakhs ( ) [D]Rs5lakhsabove.( )

8.Doyouwatchanysportschannel?
[A]Yes ( ) [B]No ( )

9 .How long do you watch sports Channel per week?

[A]1hour( ) [B]2hours( ) [C]3hours( ) [D]4hoursabove ( )
24
10.Doyoustayinahostel?
[A]Yes ( ) [B]No( )

11.HaveaTVFacilityinyourhostel?
[A]Yes ( ) [B]No( )

12.WhatGadgetsdoyouuseforSeeingthesportsChannel?
[A]Smartphone ( ) [B]TV( ) [C]Radio ( ) [D]Others( )

13.DoyouhaveanewspaperFacilityinyourhostel?
[A]Yes ( ) [B]No( )

14.DoyouhaveahabitofReadingofnewspaper?
[A]Yes ( ) [B]No ( )

15.whatnewsdoyouReadthemostgiverank?
[A]Sports { } [B]Crime { } [C]Politics { } [D]Cinema { } [E]Business{ }

16.DoyouhaveaRadiofacility?
[A]Yes ( ) [B]No( )

17.DoyoulistentoSportscommentaryontheRadio?
[A]Yes ( ) [B]No( )

18.HaveyoueverparticipatedinasportsCompetition?
[A]Yes ( ) [B]No( )

25
Reference.
• http://www.cosida.com/media/documents/2010/7/excerpt_mediarelations3rd.pdf
• https://www.imedpub.com/articles/studying-role-of-mass-media-in-
sportdevelopment.pdf
• https://gamesetpeace.wordpress.com/2014/01/06/literature-review-on-sport-andsocial-
media/
• https://surveymethods.com/benefits-and-weaknesses-of-
surveyresearch/#:~:text=Surveys%20allow%20you%20to%20reach,in%20which%20t
o%20
draw%20conclusions.&text=The%20anonymity%20of%20surveys%20allows,as%20
possible%20with%20their%20answers.

26