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Ridwan STK
Ridwan STK
Ridwan STK
0.908
D F
J K 2.723
0.908
C G
I L
0.908
A B
H M
8.17
- Atap : Multiroof
- Beban Hidup : 75 Kg
- Kayu Kelas/Mutu : II/A
>>> Menghitung Panjang Batang
2.72333333
** α = Arc Tg .
4.085
α = Arc Tg 0.667
= 33.69 °
** AC = CD = FG = GB =
√ 0.9077778 2
+ 1.167 2
=
√ 0.824 + 1.362
=
√ 2.186
= 1.479 m
** HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.479 m
** AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.167 m
** CH = DI = FL = GM = 0.907777777778 m
** EJ = EK = √ 0.584 2
+ 0.908 2
** DE = EF =
√ 1.079 2
+ 1.167 2
= √ 1.165 = √ 2.527
= 1.079 m = 1.590 m
¤ Mx = 1/10 . qy . L2
q 2
= 1/10 . ( 3.309 + 0.832 q ) . 2.0
= 1/10 . ( 3.309 + 0.832 q ) . 4
= 1.324 + 0.333 q Kg.m
2
¤ My = 1/10 . qx . L
L L L = 1/10 . ( 2.206 + 0.555 q ) . 2.0 2
¤ Py = P cos α
= 75 . cos 33.69
= 75 . 0.832
= 62.404 Kg
P P P ¤ Mx = 1/5 . Py . L 0.2
= 1/5 . 62.404 . 2.0
= 24.962
¤ My = 1/5 . Px . L
L L L = 1/5 . 41.603 . 2.0
= 16.641
¤ Qx = Py / 2
= 62.404 / 2
= 31.201886
¤ Qy = Px / 2
M max = 51 PL = 41.603 / 2
= 20.8012574
◊ Akibat Beban Angin ( W= 50 Kg/m2)
→ Angin Tekan
α = 33.69 °
» Untuk α < 65 °, Maka :
c = 0.02 . α - 0.4
= 0.02 . 33.69 - 0.4
= 0.274
» W Tekan = 0.274 . 50 = 13.690 Kg/m2
» q Tekan = 13.690 . 0.739 = 10.121 Kg/m2
→ Angin hisap
» Untuk α < 65 ° ; c = -0.4 Maka :
» W hisap = -0.4 . 50 = -20.00 Kg/m2
» q hisap = -20.0 . 0.739 = -14.79 Kg/m2
→ Kombinasi Pembebanan
~ Beban Mati + Beban Hidup
¤ Mx = ( 1.324 + 0.333 q ) + 24.962 = 26.285 + 0.333 q Kg.m
¤ My = ( 0.883 + 0.222 q ) + 16.641 = 17.524 + 0.222 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = ( 3.309 + 0.832 q ) + 31.202 = 34.511 + 0.832 q Kg
¤ Qy = ( 2.206 + 0.555 q ) + 20.801 = 23.008 + 0.555 q Kg
~ Beban Mati + Beban Angin
¤ Mx = ( 1.324 + 0.333 q ) + 4.048 = 5.372 + 0.333 q Kg.m
¤ My = ( 0.883 + 0.222 q ) + 0 = 0.883 + 0.222 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = ( 3.309 + 0.832 q ) + 10.121 = 13.431 + 0.832 q Kg
¤ Qy = ( 2.206 + 0.555 q ) + 0 = 2.206 + 0.555 q Kg
~ Yang dipakai dalam desain adalah yg terbesar
¤ Mx = 26.285 + 0.333 q Kg.m
¤ My = 17.524 + 0.222 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = 34.511 + 0.832 q Kg
¤ Qy = 23.008 + 0.555 q Kg
1 1 2 2
» Iy =
12
b3 . h =
12
( 3
h ) 3 . h =
81
h4
1 1 2 1
» Wx =
6
b . h2 =
6
( 3
h ) . h2 =
9
h3
1 1 2 2
» Wy =
6
b2 . h =
6
( 3
h ) 2 . h =
27
h3
→ Sehingga diperoleh :
= 27.404 Kg/Cm2
→ Kontrol
σLt = 27.404 ≤ σ Lt 100 Kg/Cm2 OK
B. Tegangan Geser ( ζ )
¤ ζ = √ ζx2 + ζy2
3 Qx 3 Qy
==> ζx = . ==> ζx = .
2 b . h 2 b . h
3 34.567 3 23.045
= . = .
2 8 . 12 2 8 . 12
3 34.567 3 23.045
= . = .
2 96 2 96
103.701732 69.1344877
= = 0.5401 Kg/Cm2 = = 0.3601 Kg/Cm2
192 192
¤ ζ = √ ζx2 + ζy2
= √ 0.5401 2 + 0.3601 2
= √ 0.292 + 0.130
=
√ 0.421
= 0.649 Kg/Cm2
→ Kontrol
ζ ≤ ζ ======> 0.649 ≤ 12 Kg/Cm2 OK
B. Kontrol Lendutan ( δ )
L
¤ δ =
200 ¤ Kayu Kelas II
2.7 . qy . L 4 Py . L 3
¤ δx = +
384 . E . Ix 48 . E Ix
= 0.003 + 0.090
= 0.094 Cm
2.7 . qx . L 4 Px . L 3
¤ δy = +
384 . E . Iy 48 . E Iy
= 0.005 + 0.135
= 0.140 Cm
¤ δ = √ δx2 + δy2
= √ 0.0935 2 + 0.1403 2
= √ 0.009 + 0.020
= 0.169 Cm
→ Kontrol
δ ≤ δ ======> 0.169 ≤ 1 Cm OK
B. Beban angin
C. Beban tak terduga
A. Beban kostruksi
- Beban atap
Panjang overstek = 1
m Jarak antar titik kumpul = 1.478608448
786
1.4 Berat atap = 5.38
Jarak kap = 2
1m
Beban atap kuda - kuda
J = 1.478608448 * 5.38 * 2 =
Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di A dan B = 15.9098269 Kg
Beban di titik A dan B = 1/2 * 15.9098269 + 10.76 = 18.71491345 Kg
( 8.17 + 3 ) * 8.17 * 2
P = = 60.839266667 Kg
( 4 - 1 )
Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di A dan B = 60.83926667 Kg
Beban di titik A dan B = 1/2 * 60.83926667 = 30.41963333 Kg
- Berat gording
Berat gording dengan B = 2 dan dimensi 8 / 12 adalah :
b * h * B * gk = 0.08 * 0.12 * 2 * 0.8 = 0.01536 Kg
Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di J, R dan N = 0.01536 Kg
Beban di titik J dan R = 3/2 * 0.01536 = 0.02304 Kg
Beban di titik N = 3* 0.01536 = 0.04608 Kg
B. Beban Angin
Untuk beban angin diambil : 50 Kg / m2
- Angin tekan
Q1 = c1 * b * B * P
= 0.273801351 * 1.478608448 * 2 * 50
= 40.484499 Kg
Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di A, B dan E = 40.484499 Kg
Beban di titik A dan B = 1/2 * 40.484499 + 27.38013505 = 47.62238455 Kg
Beban di titik N = 1/2 * 40.484499 = 20.2422495 Kg
- Angin hisap
Q2 = c2 * b * B * P
= -0.4 * 1.478608448 * 2 * 50
= -59.1443379 Kg
Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di A, B dan E = -59.1443379 Kg
Beban di titik A dan B = 1/2 * -59.1443379 + ( -40 )= -69.572169 Kg
Beban di titik N = 1/2 * -59.1443379 = -29.572169 Kg
= 15.9098269 Kg
5.38 * 2
Kg
8.17 m
4 m
Kg
>>> Menghitung Gaya - gaya Batang
E Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 1.479 m
Gording
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.479 m
Atap Seng
D F Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.167 m
J K 2.7
C G Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 0.908 m
I L
Panjang EJ = EK = 1.079 m
A H M B
7 x 1.167 Panjang DE = EF = 1.590 m
2.0
A C D E F 2.0
2.0
Gording
F
D
J K 2.72
G
C
I L
A B
H M
8.02
¤ Reaksi Perletakan
>> Karena Simetris, Maka :
VA = VB = Ptotal Simpul AB + Ptotal Simpul CG + Ptotal Simpul DF + 1/2 . Ptotal Simpul E
= 124.529 + 276.147 + 314.668 + 135.490
= 850.834 Kg ( ↑ )
◊ Akibat Beban Terpusat/Hidup ( P= 75 Kg)
75 Kg
75 Kg 75 Kg
2.72
75 Kg 75 Kg
D F
J K
75 Kg G 75 Kg
C
I L
A B
H M
8.17
VA VB
¤ Reaksi Perletakan
VA = VB = ( 2 . 75 ) + ( 1/2 . 75 )
= 150 + 37.5
= 187.5 Kg ( ↑ )
◊ Akibat Beban Angin Kiri
>> W tekan = 13.690 Kg/m2
*) Simpul A = 13.690 . 1.479 = 20.24 Kg
*) Simpul C = 13.690 . 2.957 = 40.48 Kg
*) Simpul D = 13.690 . 3.813 = 52.20 Kg
*) Simpul EKiri = 13.690 . 3.179 = 43.52 Kg
108,90 Kg
α = 33.69 °
129,10 Kg
85,90 Kg D
J K
F
101,84 Kg
2.72
G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg
A B
8.17
H M
VA VB
¤ Reaksi Perletakan
==> Σ MB = 0
= VA . 8.17 - 16.843 . 8.17 - 33.685 . 7.003 - 43.432 . 5.836 - 36.214 . 4.09 + 52.905 . 4.09 +
63.450 . 2.334 + 49.211 . 1.17 = 0.00
= VA . 8.17 - 137.604 - 235.892 - 253.457 - 147.933 + 216.118 + 148.111 + 57.436 = 0
= VA . 8.17 - -353.221 = 0.00
= VA . 8.17 = -353.221
353.221
VA =
8.17
= 43.234 ( ↑ )
==> Σ MA = 0
= -VB . 8.17 - 24.606 . 8.17 - 49.211 . 7.003 - 63.450 . 5.836 - 52.905 . 4.09 + 36.214 . 4.09 +
43.432 . 2.334 + 33.685 . 1.17 = 0.00
= -VB . 8.17 - 201.027 - 344.618 - 370.278 - 216.118 + 147.933 + 101.383 + 39.315 = 0
= -VB . 8.17 - -843.410 = 0.00
= VB . 8.17 = -843.410
843.410
VB =
-8.17
= -103.23 ( ↓ )
==> Σ H = 0
HA - 11.228 - 22.457 - 28.955 - 24.143 - 35.270 - 42.300 - 32.807 - 16.404 = 0.00
HA - -213.564
HA = 213.564 (→)
@) Kontrol
==> Σ V = 0
43.234 - 103.23 - 16.843 - 33.685 - 43.432 - 36.214 + 52.905 + 63.450 + 49.211 + 24.606 = 0
0.00 = 0.00 OK
108,90 Kg
129,10 Kg
F
D
2.72
85,90 Kg
J K 101,84 Kg
G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg
A M B
H
8.17
¤ Reaksi Perletakan VA VB
==> VA = 43.23 ( ↑ )
VB = -103.23 ( ↓ )
HA = 213.56 ( → )
◊ Akibat Beban Mati
76.764 IV
F
76.76 Panjang EJ = EK = 1.079 m
D 20
17 10
K
II
III
2 16
J VI
21
5
5.0 Panjang DE = EF = 1.590 m
11 9
49.158 C
V 22 G 49.158
I
1
15
12
I L 6
P Simpul A,B = 49.158 Kg
IV 23
14 8
A
III
B P Simpul C,G = 76.764 Kg
13 H II M 7
P Simpul E = 76.764 Kg
RA= 202.717 RB= 202.717
1 1.167
√ √
Sin α = Cos α =
0.908 2 + 1.167 2 0.908 2 + 1.167 2
1 1.167
= = 0.676 = = 0.789
√ 2.186 √ 2.186
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 - S1 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 - S1 . 0.789 = 0
= -S1 . 0.789 = 179.226
179.226
S1 = = -227.055 Kg (Tekan)
-0.789
==> Σ MC = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 + S13 . 0.908 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 - S13 . 0.908 = 0
= S13 . 0.908 = 179.226
-179.226
S13 = = 197.43 Kg (Tarik)
-0.908
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 + S12 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 - S1 . 0.717 = 0
= -S12 . 0.717 = 179.226
-179.226
S12 = = 250.12 Kg (Tarik)
-0.717
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 - 250.12 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 - 197.434 = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 = 197.434
S14 = 197.434
= -169.16 Kg (Tekan)
-1.167
¤ Potongan III - III
==> Σ MI = 0
= 202.717 . 2.334 - 49.158 . 2.334 + 76.764 . 1.167 + S2 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 473.200 - 114.748 + 89.595 + S2 . 0.789 = 0
= S2 . 0.789 = 448.047
448.047
S2 = = -567.61 Kg (Tekan)
-0.789
==> Σ MH = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 + S15 . 0.908 - 567.61 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 + S15 . 0.908 - 406.73 = 0
= -S15 . 0.908 = 227.501
227.501
S15 = = 250.61 Kg (Tarik)
0.908
¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 202.717 . 2.334 - 49.158 . 2.334 - 76.764 . 1.167 - S11 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 473.200 - 114.748 - 89.5950837 - S11 . 0.717 = 0
= S11 . 0.717 = 268.857
268.857
S11 = = 375.21 Kg (Tarik)
0.717
==> Σ MC = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 - S16 . 1.167 + 375.21 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 + 296.170458 - S16 . 1.167 = 0
= S16 . 1.167 = 475.396
475.396
S16 = = 407.32 Kg (Tarik)
1.167
¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 202.717 . 3.501 - 49.158 . 3.501 - 76.764 . 2.334 - 407.316 . 1.167 + S3 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 709.800 - 172.122 - 179.190167 - 475.39648 + S3 . 0.789 = 0
= S3 . 0.789 = 116.909
116.909
S11 = = 192.60 Kg (Tekan)
0.607
==> Σ MI = 0
= 202.717 . 2.334 - 49.158 . 2.334 - 76.764 . 1.167 - S17 . 0.908 + 192.60 . 0.676 . 0.908 = 0
= 473.200 - 114.748 - 89.5950837 - S17 . 0.908 + 118.25 = 0
= S17 . 0.908 = 387.102
387.102
S17 = = 426.43 Kg (Tarik)
0.908
¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 202.717 . 4.085 - 49.158 . 4.085 - 76.764 . 2.918 - 426.428 . 1.751 - S10 . 0.908 = 0
= 828.100 - 200.809 - 223.987709 - 746.55 - S10 . 0.908 = 0
= S10 . 0.908 = 343.251
343.251
S10 = = -378.12 Kg (Tarik)
-0.908
==> Σ MD = 0
= 202.717 . 2.334 - 49.158 . 2.334 + 76.764 . 1.167 - S18 . 0.789 . 1.167 = 0
= 473.200 - 114.748 + 89.5950837 - S18 . 0.921 = 0
= S18 . 0.921 = 448.047
448.047
S18 = = 486.33 Kg (Tarik)
0.921
Karena Struktur Rangka atap simetris, maka gaya-gaya batang disebelah kanan sama dengan batang-batang disebelah kiri
75 Kg VI 75 Kg
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.167 m
V
3
18
19 4 Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 0.908 m
Panjang EJ = EK = 1.079 m
75 Kg 75 Kg
IV
D 20 F
III
17
J VI
10
K 2.7
Panjang DE = EF = 1.590 m
5
2 21
16
II 11 9 75 Kg
75 Kg
C
V 22 G
I
1
15
12
I
IV
L 6 P Simpul A,B = 49.158 Kg
23
14 8
A
III
B
P Simpul C,G = 76.764 Kg
13 H II M 7
I
8.17 P Simpul D,F = 76.764 Kg
P Simpul E = 76.764 Kg
1 1.167
√ √
Sin α = Cos α =
0.908 2 + 1.167 2 0.908 2 + 1.167 2
1 1.167
= =
√2.186 √2.186
= 0.676 = 0.789
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 187.5 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 - S1 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 - S1 . 0.789 = 0
= -S1 . 0.789 = 131.304
131.304
S1 = = 166.34 Kg (Tekan)
0.789
==> Σ MC = 0
= 187.50 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 + S13 . 0.908 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 - S13 . 0.908 = 0
= S13 . 0.908 = 131.304
-131.304
S13 = = 144.64 Kg (Tarik)
-0.908
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 187.50 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 + S12 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 + S12 . 0.717 = 0
= -S12 . 0.717 = 131.304
-131.304
S12 = = 183.24 Kg (Tarik)
-0.717
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 - 183.24 . 0.676 . 1.146 = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 - 123.929 = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 = 123.929
S14 = 123.929
= -106.18 Kg (Tekan)
-1.167
==> Σ MH = 0
= 187.50 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 + S15 . 0.908 - 221.79 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 + S15 . 0.908 - 158.93 = 0
= -S15 . 0.908 = -27.622
27.622
S15 = = 30.43 Kg (Tarik)
0.908
¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 187.50 . 2.334 - 75.0 . 2.334 - 75.0 . 1.167 - S11 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 437.679 - 175.071 - 87.5 - S11 . 0.717 = 0
= S11 . 0.717 = 175.071
-175.071
S11 = = 244.32 Kg (Tarik)
-0.717
==> Σ MC = 0
= 187.50 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 - S16 . 1.167 + 244.32 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 + 192.857143 - S16 . 1.167 = 0
= S16 . 1.146 = 324.161
-324.161
S16 = = 282.93 Kg (Tarik)
-1.146
¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 297.50 . 3.437 - 85.0 . 3.437 - 85.0 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 1.146 + S3 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 1022.550 - 292.157 - 194.771429 - 97.385714 + S3 . 0.607 = 0
= S3 . 0.607 = 438.236
438.236
S11 = = 721.97 Kg (Tekan)
0.607
==> Σ MI = 0
= 297.50 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 1.146 - S17 . 1.50 + -721.97 . 0.530 . 1.5 = 0
= 681.700 - 194.771 - 97.3857143 - S17 . 1.500 + -573.75 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = -184.207
184.207
S17 = = -122.80 Kg (Tarik)
-1.5
¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 297.50 . 4.583 - 85.0 . 4.583 - 85.0 . 2.864 - 85.0 . 1.719 - S10 . 1.5 = 0
= 1363.400 - 389.543 - 243.464286 - 146.08 - S10 . 1.5 = 0
= S10 . 1.500 = 584.314
-584.314
S10 = = 389.54 Kg (Tarik)
-1.5
==> Σ MD = 0
= 297.500 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 1.146 - S18 . 0.607 . 1.146 = 0
= 681.700 - 194.771 + 97.3857143 - S18 . 0.695 = 0
= S18 . 0.695 = 389.543
-389.543
S18 = = 560.13 Kg (Tarik)
-0.695
◊ Akibat Beban Angin Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 1.89 m
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.89 m
52 ,7 5 8 K g
62 ,5 47 Kg
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.146 m
E
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.5 m
46,91 Kg
39,568 Kg
87 ,11 8 K g
10 3 ,2 8 K g
V
3
19 4 XI Panjang DE = EF = 2.637 m
18
81 ,4 7 K g
10 X
K
Py Simpul Eka
17
III J VI XII
21 5
IX Py Simpul A = 60.930 Kg = 54.4432 Kg
2 16
II 11
Px Simpul C = 151.946 Kg Px Simpul F = 116.475 Kg
9
C V XI G 61,103 Kg
51,540 Kg 22
40 ,73 5 K g
I
3 4 ,3 60 K g
VIII
I 15 L VII
1
14
12 IV X 23
6
Py Simpul C = 121.861 Kg Py Simpul F = 93.4132 Kg
8
25,770 Kg
III
HA = 846.301 IX 30,551 Kg
Px Simpul D = 182.111 Kg Px Simpul G = 97.1819 Kg
A 13 H M 7 B
I
II VIII
VII Py Simpul D = 146.053 Kg Py Simpul G = 77.9399 Kg
RA = 236.069 RB = 74.965
###
1 1.146
√ √
Sin α = Cos α =
1.5 2 + 1.146 2 1.5 2 + 1.146 2
1 1.1457
= = 0.530 = = 0.607
√3.563 √3.563
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 236.069 . 1.146 - 60.930 . 1.146 - S1 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 270.467 - 69.809 - S1 . 0.607 = 0
= -S1 . 0.607 = 200.659
200.659
S1 = = -330.57 Kg
-0.607
==> Σ MC = 0
= 236.069 . 1.146 + 846.30 . 1.5 - 60.930 . 1.146 - 75.973 . 1.5 - S13 . 1.5 = 0
= 270.467 + 1269.452 - 69.80868 - 113.959 - S13 . 1.500 = 0
= S13 . 1.500 = 1356.151
-1356.151
S13 = = 904.10 Kg
-1.5
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 236.069 . 1.146 + 846.30 . 1.5 - 60.930 . 1.146 - 75.973 . 1.5 - S12 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 270.467 + 1269.452 - 69.80868 - 113.959 - S12 . 0.911 = 0
= S12 . 0.911 = 1356.151
-1356.151
S12 = = 1489.46 Kg
-0.911
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.146 - 1489.46 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= -S14 . 1.146 - 904.101 = 0
= -S14 . 1.146 = 904.101
S14 = 904.101
= -789.12 Kg
-1.146
¤ Potongan III - III
==> Σ MI = 0
= 236.069 . 2.291 - 60.930 . 2.291 + 846.30 . 1.5 - 75.973 . 1.5 + S2 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 540.935 - 139.617 + 1269.452 - 113.959 + S2 . 0.607 = 0
= S2 . 0.607 = 1556.810
1556.810
S2 = = -2564.76 Kg
-0.607
==> Σ MH = 0
= 236.07 . 1.146 - 60.930 . 1.146 + 151.946 . 1.5 + S15 . 1.5 - 2564.76 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 270.467 - 69.809 + 227.919 + S15 . 1.5 - 2335.21 = 0
= -S15 . 1.500 = 1906.637
-1906.637
S15 = = 1271.09 Kg
-1.500
¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 236.069 . 2.291 - 60.930 . 2.291 - 121.861 . 1.146 + 846.301 . 3.0 - 75.973 . 3.0 - 151.95 . 1.5 -
S11 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 540.935 - 139.617 - 139.6174 + 2538.903 - 227.92 - 227.92 - S11 . 0.607 = 0
= S11 . 0.607 = 2344.8
-2344.8
S11 = = 3862.87 Kg
-0.607
==> Σ MC = 0
= 236.069 . 1.146 - 60.930 . 1.146 + 846.301 . 1.5 - 75.973 . 1.5 + 3862.87 . 1.146 . 0.530 - S16 . 1.146
= 270.467 - 69.809 + 1269.452 - 113.959 + 2344.77 - S16 . 1.146 = 0
= S16 . 1.146 = 3700.917
-3700.917
S16 = = 3230.23 Kg
-1.146
¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 236.069 . 3.437 - 60.930 . 3.437 - 121.861 . 2.291 - 146.053 . 1.146 + 846.30 . 3.0 - 75.97 . 3.0 -
151.946 . 1.5 + S3 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 811.402 - 209.426 - 279.2347 - 167.335 + 2539 - 227.9187 - 227.9187 + S3 . 0.607 = 0
= S3 . 0.607 = 2238.472
-2238.472
S3 = = -3687.76 Kg
0.607
==> Σ MI = 0
= 236.069 . 2.291 - 60.930 . 2.291 - 121.86 . 1.146 - S17 . 1.50 - 3687.76 . 0.607 . 1.5 +
846.30 . 1.50 - 75.973 . 1.50 = 0
= 540.935 - 139.617 - 139.6174 - S17 . 1.50 - 3357.71 + 1269.45 - 113.9594 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = -1940.515
1940.515
S17 = = -1293.68 Kg
-1.500
¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 236.069 . 4.583 - 75.97 . 4.583 - 121.861 . 2.864 - 146.053 . 1.719 - S10 . 1.5 + 846.30 . 4.16 -
75.973 . 4.16 - 151.95 . 3.5 - 182.111 . 2.0 = 0
= 1081.870 - 348.173 - 349.0434 - 251.00 - S10 . 1.5 + 3521.33 - 316.11 - 531.81 - 364.22 = 0
= S10 . 1.500 = 2442.836
-2442.836
S10 = = 1628.56 Kg
-1.5
==> Σ MD = 0
= 236.069 . 2.291 - 60.930 . 2.291 - 121.86 . 1.146 - S18 . 0.607 . 1.146 + 846.30 . 3.0 -
75.973 . 3.0 - 151.946 . 1.5 = 0
= 540.935 - 139.617 - 139.617 - S18 . 0.695 + 2538.90 - 227.919 - 227.919 = 0
= S18 . 0.695 = 2344.8
-2344.8
S18 = = 3371.58 Kg
S18 = = 3371.58 Kg
-0.695
==> Σ MG = 0
= 74.965 . 1.146 - 38.970 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 1.5 - S7 . 1.5 = 0
= 85.889 - 44.648 - 72.88644 - S7 . 1.500 = 0
= S7 . 1.500 = 31.646
31.646
S7 = = 21.10 Kg
1.5
==> Σ MB = 0
= S23 . 1.146 - -34.76 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= S23 . 1.146 - -21.098 = 0
= S23 . 1.146 = -21.098
S23 = -21.098
= -18.41 Kg
1.146
¤ Potongan IX - IX
==> Σ MI = 0
= 74.965 . 2.291 - 38.970 . 2.291 - 48.591 . 1.5 - S5 . 0.530 . 1.146 - 77.9399 . 1.146 = 0
= 171.777 - 89.297 - 72.886 - S5 . 0.607 - 89.2969 = 0
= S5 . 0.607 = -79.703
-79.703
S5 = = -131.31 Kg
0.607
==> Σ MM = 0
= 74.965 . 1.146 - 38.970 . 1.146 + 97.182 . 1.5 + S22 . 1.5 - -131.31 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 85.889 - 44.648 + 145.773 + S22 . 1.5 - -119.555 = 0
= S22 . 1.5 = -306.568
-306.568
S22 = = -204.38 Kg
1.5
¤ Potongan X - X
==> Σ MF = 0
= 74.965 . 2.291 - 38.970 . 2.291 - 77.940 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 3 - 97.182 . 1.5 +
S9 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 171.777 - 89.297 - 89.297 - 145.773 - 145.773 + S9 . 0.910501 = 0
= S9 . 0.911 = 298.362
298.362
S9 = = 327.690 Kg
0.911
==> Σ MG = 0
= 74.965 . 1.146 - 38.970 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 1.5 + S21 . 1.146 + 327.69 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 85.889 - 44.648 - 72.886 + S21 . 1.146 + 298.362 = 0
= S21 . 1.146 = -266.716
-266.716
S21 = = -232.79 Kg
1.146
¤ Potongan XI - XI
==> Σ MK = 0
= 74.965 . 3.437 - 38.970 . 3.437 - 77.940 . 2.291 - 93.413 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 3.0 - 97.18 . 1.5 +
S4 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 257.666 - 133.945 - 178.594 - 107.025 - 145.773 - 145.773 + S4 . 0.607001 = 0
= S4 . 0.607 = 453.444
453.444
S4 = = 747.024 Kg
0.607
==> Σ ML = 0
= 74.965 . 2.291 - 38.970 . 2.291 - 77.940 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 1.5 - 747.024 . 0.607 . 1.5 +
S20 . 1.5 = 0
= 171.777 - 89.297 - 89.297 - 72.886 - 680.166 + S20 . 1.5 = 0
= S20 . 1.5 = -759.869
-759.869
S20 = = -506.58 Kg
1.500
124.529 Kg
SH = S1 Cos α
S1 SV = S1 Sin α
S13
==> ΣV = 0
= RA + S1 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 850.83 + S1 . Sin 40 - 124.529 = 0
= 850.83 + S1 . 0.643 - 124.529 = 0
S1 . 0.643 + 726.305 = 0
-726.305
S1 = = -1129.93 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -1370.90 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -1129.93 - 1370.90
x 100 % = 2.213 % < 3 % Ok
-1129.93
==> ΣH = 0
= S1 . Cos α + S13 = 0
= -1129.93 . Cos 40 + S13 = 0
= -1129.93 . 0.766 + S13 = 0
S13 = 1129.93 . 0.766
= 865.577 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 554.76 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 865.58 + 554.76
x 100 % = 1.641 % < 3 % Ok
865.58
==> Titik Simpul B
124.529 Kg
S6 Cos α
S6
S6 Sin α
S7
850.834 Kg
==> ΣV = 0
= RB + S6 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 850.83 + S6 . Sin 40 - 124.529 = 0
= 850.83 + S6 . 0.643 - 124.529 = 0
S6 . 0.643 + 726.305 = 0
-726.305
S6 = = -1129.93 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -1370.90 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -1129.93 - 1370.90
x 100 % = 2.213 % < 3 % Ok
-1129.93
==> ΣH = 0
= S6 . Cos α + S7 = 0
= -1129.93 . Cos 40 + S7 = 0
= -1129.93 . 0.766 + S7 = 0
S7 = 1129.93 . 0.766
= 865.577 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 554.76 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 865.58 + 554.76
x 100 % = 1.641 % < 3 % Ok
865.58
@) Kontrol Beban Hidup
==> Titik Simpul A
85 Kg S1 Cos α
S1 S13 Sin α
S13
RA = 297.5 Kg
==> ΣV = 0
= RA + S1 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 298 + S1 . Sin 40 - 85 = 0
= 298 + S1 . 0.643 - 85 = 0
S1 . 0.643 - 213 = 0
-213
S1 = = -330.59 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -401.09 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -330.59 - 401.09
x 100 % = 2.213 % < 3 % Ok
-330.59
==> ΣH = 0
= S1 . Cos α + S13 = 0
= -330.6 . Cos 40 + S13 = 0
= -330.6 . 0.766 + S13 = 0
S13 = 330.59 . 0.766
= 253.248 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 162.31 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 253.25 + 162.31
x 100 % = 1.641 % < 3 % Ok
253.25
==> Titik Simpul B
S6 Cos α 85 Kg
S6
S6 Sin α
S1
297.5 Kg
==> ΣV = 0
= RB + S6 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 298 + S6 . Sin 40 - 85 = 0
= 298 + S6 . 0.643 - 85 = 0
S6 . 0.643 - 213 = 0
-213
S6 = = -330.59 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -401.09 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -330.59 - 401.09
x 100 % = 2.213 % < 3 % Ok
-330.59
==> ΣH = 0
= S6 . Cos α + S7 = 0
= -330.59 . Cos 40 + S7 = 0
= -330.59 . 0.766 + S7 = 0
S7 = 330.59 . 0.766
= 253.248 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 162.31 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 253.25 + 162.31
x 100 % = 1.641 % < 3 % Ok
253.25
Beban Mati Beban Hidup Angin Kiri Angin Kanan BM + BH BM + BAKI BM + BAKA
Batang Maksimal
1 2 3 4 1+2 1+3 1+4
S1 -1370.90 -401.09 -330.57 67.94 -1772.00 -1701.48 -1302.96 -1772.00
657.7252985
= = 7.74
85
h = ≥ 7.74 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 7.74
2959.76
Kontrol σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
2959.76
= ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
= 41.11 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
◊ Kelangsingan Batang
= Lk
==> λ
Ix
≤ 150 ( Acuan : PKKI Hal. 9 )
150
=
0.289 ≤ 150
519.03
= = 3.46
150
h = ≥ 3.46 ( Diambil h = 7 )
7 = ≥ 3.46
Maka = 150
λ
0.289 7
≤ 150
= 74.15 ≤ 150 Ok
Kontrol
= w ≤ σtk //
= 2.3604 ≤ 25 Kg/Cm2
◊ Batang Horizontal ( S15, S17, S20, S22 ) Dan Batang Diagonal (S18, S19 )
¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 2087.74 ( Tarik )
σtr // = p ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
Fn
==> Fnet = 0.75 b.h ( Diambil b = 6 )
Fnet = 0.75 . 6 h
= 4.5 h
==> σtr // = 2087.74 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
4.5 h
= 463.9 = 5.46
85
h = ≥ 5.46 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 5.46
Kontrol σtr // = 2087.74 ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
= 2087.74
≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
= 29.00 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6
Dimensi Batang Horizontal Dengan Diagonal = 1 .
12
>>> Desain Sambungan Titik Simpul
◊ Sambungan Bentangan Dua
==> Untuk Sambungan Bertampang Dua ( Kayu Kelas II )
* λb = 4.3
* Ŝ = 100 . d . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 Sin α )
* Ŝ = 430 . d 2
( 1 - 0.35 Sin α )
d = Dimensi Baut
b b ( Diambil b = 6 )
* λb = d
d λb
6
= = 1.395 Cm = 13.953 mm
4.3
3 3
==> Diameter Baut : Ф = . 2.54 = 3.81 Cm
2 2
Simpul A
S1 = -1772.00
2 x 6/12
VA = 236.069
12
51
S13
tm
S13 12
Im
6
Simpul H
S14 = 1273.32 >> θ = 90 °
>> ß = 39 °
S12 = 2403.39 >> b = 6 Cm
>> b3 = 5 Cm
2 X 5/7
>> P = 1273.32
ß
θ
S13 = 1458.86
2 X 6/12 H
Simpul C S2 = 5827.79
2 X 6/12
>> P = 2696.99
C S15 = 2696.99 >> α = 51
1 X 6/12
5/7
>> α1 = α2 = 22
α1 1 α2 >> d = 3.81
X
6/
12
S3 = 6164.07 S4 = 6164.07
Simpul I
S16 = 5133.00
S11 = 6083.45
S12 = 2403.39
==> Sambungan batang S16 dengan batang bawah memakai sambungan baut ø 3/2 sebanyak 2 buah
==> Sambungan batang S16 dengan batang S15 ( sambungan tunggal α = 90⁰ )
>> σtk // ( α/2 ) = 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) Sin 45 ⁰
= 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) 0.707
= 85 - 42.43
= 42.57 Kg/cm2
5133.00 Cos2 45 5133.00 . 0.84971049 4361.55978
>> tm = = = = 17.075 Cm
42.6 . 6 255.4 255.4
5133.00 Cos 90 5133.00 . 6E-17 0.0
>> Im = = = = ###
b . h 6 . 12 72
Diambil Im = 15 Cm
Simpul J
S18 = 5309.74
S11 = 6083.45
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 1
= 1905.0 Kg
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 1
= 4572.0 Kg
⁰
>> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2
( 1 - 0.35 sin 180 )
= 430 . 14.5161 1
= 6241.923 0
2087.74
Jumlah baut : n = = 1.096 ≈ 2 Buah
1905.0
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 1
= 1905.00 Kg
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 1
= 3544.379 Kg
= 430 . 14.5161 . 1
= 5423.530 Kg
5309.74
Jumlah baut : n = = 2.787 ≈ 3 Buah
1905.0
>>> Perhitungan jumlah kayu yang digunakan
Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 1.888 m
E
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.888 m
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.146 m
Atap Seng
Gording
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.500 m
D F Panjang EJ = EK = 2.080 m
J K 5.0 Panjang DE = EF = 2.637 m
C G
I L
A H M B
8.02
◊ Batang gording 5 Cm x 7 Cm
==> Luas penampang = 5 x 7 = 35 Cm = 0.0035 m
==> Panjang bangunan = 25.00 m
==> Jumlah gording arah melintang bangunan untuk dua sisi yang sama
dengan jarak antara gording 0.944 m adalah
6.41
* u = 2 ( + 1 ) = 15.583 ≈ 16 Buah
0.944
==> Volume kayu untuk gording = 16 . 4 . 0.0035
V1 = 0.224 m3
*) Im = 15 Cm = 0.15 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 0.150 x 0.0072
V7 = 0.001 m 3
◊ Total Volume Kayu untuk kuda - kuda
Batang Tegak
Kayu 5/7 0.021 M3 0.175 M3
( S14, S16, S21, S23 )
Batang atas
Kayu 6/12 0.092 M3 0.769 M3
( S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 )
Batang Bawah
Kayu 6/12 0.079 M3 0.659 M3
( S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13 )
Batang Diagonal
Kayu 6/12 0.030 M3 0.250 M3
( S18, S19 )
Batang Horizontal
Kayu 6/12 0.033 M3 0.275 M3
( S15, S17, S20, S22 )