10/06/1999 FS 1 / 19

TRAMMING CIRCUIT
WHEEL MOTORS

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TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Telefax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 2 10/06/1999 FS

1 GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
The tramming circuit is of “hydrostatic close loop type”.
Hydraulic motor
This circuit consist of a variable displacement double way pump and one
A B hydraulic motor.

Neutral position: the pump is driven by the Diesel engine, due to pump
in neutral position there is no flow delivered at either outlet of the pump.
Therefore the motor is not running, the machine does not move.
Hydraulic pump

A B

One way tramming: the pump supplies flow out of the port B to the port
B of the hydraulic motor.
The motor in now running, the machine moves.

Reverse direction: from the pump flow is now supplied from the opposite
outlet port A.
The motor runs in the opposite direction, the machine moves in reverse.

NOTE: most of the oil is recycled from the pump to the motor then back
to the pump.
CAUTION: avoid contamination within the circuit so as to prevent
particles of foreign material to be recirculating many times in the H.P.
loop circuit

WARNING: DUE TO VERY HIGH PRESSURE INVOLVED IN THIS TYPE OF

! “HYDROSTATIC TRANSMISSION CIRCUIT” ALWAYS USE GENUINE MAIN LINE

HOSES S.A.E. 100R9 R TYPE.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 10/06/1999FS PAGE 3

2 TRAMMING PUMP
M1 M2

Centre de gravité
Center of gravity

Valve multifonctions
Multifunction valve

M6

L2 M3

FILTRE
FILTER
C1

M4

A B

M5

C2
L1 S
Limiteur de gavage
Charge pressure relief

Ports:
- A: High pressure outlet
- B: high pressure outlet

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 4 10/06/1999 FS

- S: suction inlet

- M1, M2: High pressure ports, should be connected to the shuttle valve for H.P. testing purpose.
- M4, M5: servo-control trouble shooting test points.
- M3: charge pressure outlet port

- C1, C2: hydraulic remote control

- L1, L2: case drain

NOTE: “cp>xb” means that the BACK PRESSURE should never exceed the pressure indicated.
For example the pressure in the line to the air cooler should always be maintained below 2 bar.
These are used on case drain lines to prevent over pressure which can damage the shaft seals.
2/1 HYDRAULIC SYMBOL

MAIN HIGH PRES. high pressure

LINE A gauge

MAIN HIGH PRES.

LINE B

AIR COOLER
SHUTTLE VALVE

FILTER

MULTI-FUNCTION
VALVE

CHARGE PRESSURE
SERVO
RELIEF
CONTROL

SERVO CYLINDER

PUMP HOUSING
SUCTION
LINE
CHARGE PUMP

Note: depending on machine model the high pressure test point could be located at the pump or at
the motor.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 10/06/1999FS PAGE 5

3 TRAMMING PRINCIPLE
Hydraulic pump consist of a variable displacement piston type controls by a swash plate. Swash
plate moves due to the servo-cylinder which is controlled by an hydraulic valve named servo-control
valve. Servo-control valve uses pilot pressure supplied by the charge pressure circuit the to operate.
AVANT Basic schematic
FRONT
Components:
- hydraulic pump
- two high pressure manifold
- 4 wheel motors
R L Example shown:
H.P. is delivered by the pump to line A. Flow
is directed to the front H.P. manifold.
L R Then to port R of the front left wheel motor as
well as the port L of the front right motor.
Out of the left front motors (port L) oil is
directed to the rear left motor (port R), from
right front motor (port R) oil is directed to rear
H.P. manifold right motor (port L)
GAUCHE

Out of the rear motors (left port L, right port

DROITE
RIGHT
LEFT

R) oil returns to the pump port B through the

rear H.P. manifold.
Front and rear motor circuit is of serial type.
Simplified hydraulic schematic.

right

R L
MOTORS

H.P.manifold
L R

pump
left

A B

pump
ARRIERE
REAR

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 6 10/06/1999 FS

4 OVERALL CIRCUIT

L R L R
rear manifold

R L R L

cp>1bar

tramming lever

feeding circuit
A B

T P

H.P. test
point
cp> 2b
P

A T
M1 A B
1
braking cirduit

M2
3 2 M3
front

M6

C2

BRAKES C1
M4
rear

M5

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 10/06/1999FS PAGE 7

The tramming circuit includes:

- hydraulic pump
- 4 hydraulic motors
- 2 manifold blocks
- positive pressure feeding circuit
- tramming lever to control the tramming speed in forward and reverse
- park/emergency brake circuit

TRAMMING LEVER:
- used to operate the servo-control valve spool.
- the pilot pressure is supplied by the charge pressure circuit

THE BRAKING CIRCUIT consist of:

- brake valve operated by the operator
- safety sequence valve which applies the brakes automatically in a case of tramming H.P.circuit
failure
- the pilot pressure is supplied by the charge pressure circuit

WARNING: WHEN CHECKING HIGH PRESSURE LINES USE A 600b GAUGE.

! NEVER STAND OR WORK ON TRAMMING COMPONENTS WHILE THE DIESEL

ENGINE IS RUNNING DUE TO THE VERY HIGH PRESSURE INVOLVED 350b.
KEEP ALL GUARDS AND COVERS IN PLACE.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 8 10/06/1999 FS

5 CHARGE CIRCUIT
5/1 LUBRICATION FUNCTION

cp> 2b

A B

M3

MULTI-FUNCTION
M6 VALVE
C2

CHARGE CIRCUIT C1
FILTER M4 RELIEF VALVE
M5

CHARGE PUMP

While engine is running if the machine is not moving, the pump does not deliver flow at either main
lines A or B.
First purpose of the charge circuit is to supply a minimum of 10b of pressure in any conditions of use
to lubricate all internal moving parts.
Hydraulic fresh oil from the tank enters the pump at the suction port S.
The charge pump (internal gear type) is linked to the main shaft therefore it runs at the same speed
as the main pump (engine RPM).
At the outlet of the charge pump, oil is directed to the filter then to the charge relief valve.
NOTE: on new pump, engine at full 2300 RPM, the charge pressure should be 25b.
NOTE: The outlet of the charge pressure relief valve flows directly into the housing of the pump. This
is used for cooling all components with fresh oil. From the pump housing drain port L, drain flow is
directed to the tank through the Diesel engine air cooler then directly to tank without filtration to
prevent building up of back pressure.
Due to this cooling circuit a large flow can be seen at the drain line. That does not means that the
tramming component are leaking or worn out.
Charge pressure is directed to the multi-function valves. Those include a check valve function which
allows charge pressure to be directed to both main lines A and B.
Charge pressure lubricates pistons, bronze pads in contact to the swash plate and the distributor
plate.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 10/06/1999FS PAGE 9

5/2 SWASH PLATE CONTROL

A B

M3

M6

C2
C1
M4
M5

When the operator uses the tramming lever, a pressure is directed for example to the servo control
pilot port C2.
The servo-valve spool shifts. Charge pressure is then directed to the servo-cylinder. The swash
plate rotates giving stroke to the pistons. There is now flow at the main line B.
Hydraulic motor is running.
Note that due to the highest pressure in line B, the check valve of the multi-function valve B is
closed.
The opposite check valve of multi-function valve A is still open. Charge pressure can flow into the
main line A.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 10 10/06/1999 FS

5/3 INTERNAL LEAKAGES

Simplified schematic

MOTOR
CASE DRAIN

cp> 2b

A B

M3

M6

C2
C1
M4
M5

PUMP
DRAIN

While tramming, both motor and pump are working at high pressure. Tramming pressure range 80b
up to 350b.
There is internal leakage at the motor and pump. Those leakages flow to the case drain lines.
The flow returning from the motor back to the pump is not equal to the flow at the H.P. outlet port. In
the example shown, the flow in line B is greater then the flow in line A, due to the motor internal
leakage.
To prevent vaccum which damage components, the charge pump will make up the amount of oil lost
into the drain line. The charge pressure flows through the multi-function check valve A into the main
line A.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 10/06/1999FS PAGE 11

5/4 TRAMMING LEVER

A B

T P

cp> 2b

A B

M3

M6

C2
C1
M4
M5

Out of the port M3 the charge pressure is directed to:

- the tramming control valve
- the braking circuit
- the charge pressure gauge, this gauge, located at the tramming compartment facing the operator,
should never show a pressure lower than 10b.

Tramming control valve

- in neutral position it should not have oil consumption from this valve, no flow at the outlet T.
- when tramming lever is operated, the pressure at the outlet (B in the drawing shown) increases
step by step according to the position of the control lever. The lever in full position the pump delivers
maximum flow.
The pilot pressure out of the tramming control valve is directed to the pump servo-control inlet pilot
ports C1 and C2.
NOTE: when needed a pressure switch can be installed on the pilot line to operate the tramming
reverse warning BUZZER.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 12 10/06/1999 FS

5/5 BRAKING CIRCUIT

cp> 2b
brakes CONTROL P
VALVE
A T
A B
1
SAFETY
sequence
valve 3 2 M3
front

M6

C2
BRAKE
BRAKES

cylinders C1
M4
rear

M5

NORMAL TRAMMING CONDITIONS:

- the operator pulls the brakes control valve. Charge pressure is directed through the safety
sequence valve to the brake cylinders.
When charge pressure is greater than 10b, the pilot pressure operates the sequence valve allowing
oil to flow from the inlet port 1 to outlet port 2. This pressure is then directed to all of the 4 brake
cylinders. Pressure releases the brakes.
EMERGENCY SITUATION:
In the event of one of the main H.P. hoses is damaged, oil is leaking to the ground.
Most of the charge oil will flow through the multi-function check valve to the damaged hose then to
the ground.
There will be a large drop in charge pressure.
The sequence valve will automatically shifts back to neutral. The pressure from the brake cylinders
is released, BRAKES ARE APPLIED AUTOMATICALLY.
NOTE: when the tramming components are worn out, the internal leakages increases.
While tramming the charge pressure can drop due to excess of internal leakages. The brakes can
be applied in such conditions.
When the charge pressure is fluctuating around the sequence valve setting, this valve will moves
from neutral to open position according to the charge pressure.
Brakes cylinders will be pumping, the final result is a fatigue of the brake springs therefore a drop in
braking efficiency.
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE:
Perform a tramming component test during each weekly maintenance.
- WARNING install a 600b gauge at the H.P. test point, raise the machine using stabilizers.
- push the brake valve red button to apply the brakes, run the engine at full RPM.
- slowly move the tramming lever until the engine RPM starts to drop
The 600b gauge should indicate 350b in either tramming directions
The charge pressure should be higher than 12b. A lower charge pressure indicates large internal
leakages calling for components replacement.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 10/06/1999FS PAGE 13

6 FEEDING CIRCUIT
external motors

R
check valve B line 2
L
L
R

1
2

3
l i ne 1
L
R R
CHA
RGE
L PRE
SSU
ar inner motors RE
cp>1b

check valve A

6/1 MACHINE NOT MOVING

When the machine is not moving the pump does not deliver flow at any of the main ports A or B.
Therefore there is no oil able to flow through the pump.
In such condition, when using the steering lever, machine is articulated. Inner motors are rotating in
opposite direction. Oil is pushed out of the front motor port L, rear motor port R. To prevent over
pressure in this line, oil can escape through the orifice included in the check valve A to the opposite
line 2 through the check valve B.
External motors: motors are rotating in opposite directions, line 2 supplies oil to feed both motors.
Most of the oil is coming from inner motors.
6/2 TRAMMING
In tramming conditions hydraulic motors are not running at the same speed, due to the machine
been articulated.
While moving we should ensure a positive charge pressure in line 1 and 2 in any tramming
conditions to prevent vacuum in lines 1 and 2.
From the hydraulic pump out of the main lines A (port M1) and B (port M2) a shuttle valve (3) is
installed. H.P. is directed out of the shuttle valve to a pressure reducer (1) which reduces the outlet
pressure to a maximum of 15bar.
The 15b pressure is then directed through the non-return valve (2) to both orifice check valves A and
B.
If there is drop in pressure in any of the main lines 1 or 2, this feeding pressure will pass through the
check valve A or B so as to maintain a positive pressure of 15bar.
6/3 VALVE LOCATION
Shuttle valve 3 and H.P. test point are located at the rear of the machine, close to the tramming
pump.
Reducer (1) and non-return valve 2 as well as the park brake sequence valve are located in the
tramming hydraulic control panel.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 14 10/06/1999 FS

7 MULTI-FUNCTION VALVE
7/1 NEUTRAL POSITION

C
D
B

Pilot

H.P.
A: body of the cartridge
B: main nut
C: adjusting screw lock-nut
D: relief valve adjusting screw
H.P.: main line

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 10/06/1999FS PAGE 15

7/2 CHECK VALVE FUNCTION

To ensure a positive pressure within main line, the opposite line been under high pressure.
The oil flows from the charge pump.to the low pressure main line through the cartridges.

Charge
circuit

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 16 10/06/1999 FS

7/3 H.P. RELIEF

SPRING

Pilot

Charge
circuit

H.P.

The high pressure flows through the orifice at the bottom of the spool E, both sides of the spool are
pressurized as well as the poppet F.
When the pressure reaches the setting of the valve, the poppet moves upward allowing oil to flow to
the pilot channel.
This channel been connected to the opposite area of the servo-cylinder, the pump will be destroked
automatically.
The large spring is used to set the relief valve pressure which forces on the poppet F.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 10/06/1999FS PAGE 17

7/4 TOWING FUNCTION

MULTIFUNCTION VALVE
detail

Undo, 3 to 4 revolutions counter clockwise both multi-function cartridge bodies A. The cartridge is
no longer in contact with pump body allowing free flow from port H.P. to the charge circuit.

NOTE: the relief valve setting is not modified during this process

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 18 10/06/1999 FS

8 CLEANING OF THE CIRCUIT

EXISTING
3 HOSE

4 1
5 2

10

8
11
charge pressure INLET
FILTER

OUTLET

H.P. PERCUSSION
B FILTER

7 9

During the 600 hours main scheduled maintenance, or every 6 month, we strongly recommend to
proceed with a major hydrostatic cleaning high pressure circuit.
Ensure by an hydraulic oil analysis that the oil contained in the tank matches the minimum quality
requirement
Check for:
- water %
- foreign metal particles
- sand or dust
Replace the hydraulic oil if needed.
NOTE: When hydraulic oil analysis is done on regular bases, that indicates premature wearing of
components. Example: bronze particles shows that the pump piston bronze pads start to wear.
Cleaning the circuit and/or replacing contaminated oil will prevent premature failure of costly
components.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 10/06/1999FS PAGE 19

8/1 CLEANING KIT INSTALLATION:

Remove the percussion filter from its bracket. Put a new filter element.
Install a new charge pressure filter.
Install a 600b gauge at the tramming H.P. test point.
Raise the machine on the stabilizers, no tires in contact to the ground.
Install the cleaning kit as shown. Ensure that the flow will run according to the arrow stamped on the
filter. In this example port B must be the return line to the pump. The pump should deliver flow from
port A.
NOTE: the check valve will prevent wrong flow circulation. When tramming lever will be used, if
wrong direction is selected, a drop in engine RPM will append, the H.P. gauge will show 350b.
8/2 CLEANING PROCEDURE:
Start the Diesel engine at full RPM.
Engage the correct tramming direction, let filter the circuit for 2 hours.
Remove the filtration kit, replace the charge filter, place the percussion filter back to its support. Re-
connect the percussion lines.
8/3 THE CLEANING KIT INCLUDES
ITEM QTY PART NUMBER DESIGNATION ITEM QTY PART NUMER DESIGNATION

1 1 036 1736 CONNECTING FLANGE 2 2 336 0520 HOSE FLANGES

3 4 339 0112 WASHER 4 4 339 0962 WASHER

5 4 369 0112 NUT 6 4 370 0414 SCREW

7 1 380 9508 STRAIGHT ADAPTOR 8 2 380 9523 STRAIGHT ADAPTOR

9 1 380 9533 ADAPTOR 10 2 382 9408 H.P. HOSE

11 1 772 8873 CHECK VALVE

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80