SUBJECT:​ ​CRIM 5 (JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM ) DATE/PERIOD: ​10​th​ WEEK

PREPARED BY: ODESSA G. LACANILAO

I. Objectives/Learning Outcomes

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Discuss the factors affecting the development of Juvenile Delinquency.
2. Explain the nature of delinquency.
3. Identify the categories of status offenses.

II. Topic/Lessons

FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

1. Hammurabi Code
The oldest known code 400 years ago dating from 2270 B.C. that takes
account of many misconduct acts, some pertains to the youth.
Regulates business transaction, personal relationship and responsibilities.

In the period of the code, the husband was the one in charge with many
responsibilities to his wife and to their children. In other words, he is patriarchal
head of the family. In the patriarchal society, rebellion against the father even by
adult son is not tolerated, the punishment was severs.
It states that “if the son strikes his father, one shall out only physically
mutilation but death for many offenses such as drowning in the river.
Gradually the law was ameliorated, and among the Hebrews punishment
with death was replaced by warning and flogging.

2. King Aethelstan of England

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 Proclaim that only thief over 12 years of age received the punishment of
death if he stole more than 12 pence. However the severity of such punishment
was eventually provided that “no one under 16 years could be put to death
unless he resisted or run away.

3. Pope Clemente XI
In 1704 in Rome, established a center for the correction of profligate youths, so they could be
taught to become useful citizen.

4. Marine society of England

In 1756, established a special institution for the reformation of juvenile offenders.

5. House of refuge
In 1825, it was established for juveniles who were the predecessor of the American
Reformatory School. The development of this movement had coincident with the humanitarian
outlook of the western world at that time and emphasized that juvenile should be reformed instead of
punishment.

6. Anglo Saxon law

It practiced to accept the proposition that children under certain age, usually seven years were
incapable of distinguishing whether their action were right or wrong.

NATURE OF DELINQUENCY

1. Incidence of delinquency accelerates at the age of 13 and peaks at about 17.

2. The prevalence (how widespread youth crime in the society) of different kinds of offending at each age but also
about the percentage of persons initiating and terminating. Termination age at about 18-19.
3. The gap between male and female involvements status and non-victimizing offenses are smaller than of the
serious types.
4. A larger proportion of boys than girls’ reports having broken the law and those boys break it more frequently.
5. As of the value of goods stolen increases, so does the sex ratio showing male involvement.

CATEGORIES OF STATUS OFFENSES

1. School Truancy

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 A pattern of repeated or habitual unauthorized absences from school by any juvenile subject to
compulsory education laws.
2. Repeated disregarding or misuses of lawful parental authority
Repeated disobedient behavior on the part of the juvenile or a pattern or repeated
unreasonable demands on the parts of the parents create a situation of family conflict clearly
evidencing a need of services.
3. Repeated running away from home
Running away is juvenile’s unauthorized absences from home.

4. Repeated use of intoxicating beverages

Repeated possession and or consumption of intoxicating beverages by a juvenile.

5. Delinquent acts committed by a juvenile younger than 9 years of age.

TYPES OF DELINQUENTS

1. Occasional Delinquents
These delinquents participated in a group.

a. Reiss​ – Found out that these delinquents are relatively integrated.

b. John W Kinch​ – Described these delinquents as “pro-social”.
c. Wattenberg and Ballistries – found that these type of delinquents usually come from
intact family and has strong peer group ties with a gang dedicated of having fun.
d. Cloward and Ohlin – Explained that occasional delinquencies as a result of racketeering or
organized gambling that flourish into the existing adult criminal culture.
Sub-Culture​ – a group of people who shares a number of values and attitudes in common.
e. Willian F. Whyte – described these delinquents as non-delinquents but are influenced by
the society they lived in.

2. Gang Delinquents
Generally commits the most serious infractions, is most often sent to correctional institutions,
and most often continuous in a pattern of semi-professional behavior as an adult.
Reis described these delinquents as one with “weak ego”. They are loyal gang members from
poor residential areas; their families are often large, broken, and contain other delinquent
members; they do poorly in school; they have a high rate of recidivism.

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 They are “Defective superego” who does not internalize the norms of conventional society and
experienced little of guilt over his delinquents; rather he accepts the content of and
membership of a delinquent peer’s culture.

3. Maladjusted Delinquents
The activity stems from personality disturbances rather than gang activity or slum residence.

They are “weak ego” the “asocial” experienced early and severe parental rejection.
They have poor personal relations and suffer general social isolation. They are disorderly
confused and not dependable with pathological disturbances.
Jenkish and Hewitth labeled these groups as “Neurotics” and found parental repression and
luck warmth affection in the background of boys in the group.

III. ACTIVITY

IDENTIFICATION

_____1. A pattern of repeated or habitual unauthorized absences from school by any juvenile
subject to compulsory education laws.
_____2. Who found out that delinquents are relatively integrated.
_____3.A kind of delinquent who generally commits the most serious infractions, is most often
sent to correctional institutions, and most often continuous in a pattern of semi-professional
behavior as an adult.
_____4. It practiced to accept the proposition that children under certain age, usually seven
years were incapable of distinguishing whether their action were right or wrong.
_____5. The oldest known code 400 years ago dating from 2270 B.C. that takes account of
many misconduct acts, some pertains to the youth.
_____6. They are “weak ego” the “asocial” experienced early and severe parental rejection.
What type of Delinquents are these children?
_____7. Who explained that occasional delinquencies as a result of racketeering or organized
gambling that flourish into the existing adult criminal culture.

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 _____8. it was established for juveniles who were the predecessor of the American
Reformatory School.
_____9. He Proclaimed that only thief over 12 years of age received the punishment of death if
he stole more than 12 pence.
_____10.He described these delinquents as non-delinquents but are influenced by the society
they lived in.

IV. REFERENCE/S:

Teacher Prepared Material

Presidential decree no. 603
Republic Act No. 9344