INTRODUCTION TO

CHEMISTRY
PREPARED BY: MR. ANLEE A. REFUERZO
 WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?
 Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why
substances combine or separate to form other substances, and
how substances interact with energy.
 5 Major Branches of Chemistry
 Inorganic chemistry studies materials such as metals and gases that do not have carbon as
part of their makeup.
 Organic chemistry specifically studies compounds that contain the element carbon Carbon
has many unique properties that allow it to form complex chemical bonds and very large
molecules.
 Analytical chemistry uses qualitative and quantitative observation to identify and measure
the physical and chemical properties of substances.
 Physical chemistry combines chemistry with physics. Physical chemists study how matter and
energy interact.
 Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes that occur within living organisms.
 Fields of Study
Food chemistry
 Food science deals with the three biological components of food — carbohydrates,
lipids and proteins.
Environmental chemistry
 Environmental chemists study how chemicals interact with the natural environment.
Agricultural chemistry
 Agricultural chemistry is concerned with the substances and chemical reactions that
are involved with the production, protection and use of crops and livestock
Chemical engineering
 Chemical engineers research and develop new materials or processes that involve
chemical reactions.
Geochemistry
 Geochemists combine chemistry and geology to study the makeup and interaction
between substances found in the Earth.
 Fields of Study
Forensic chemistry
 Forensic chemists capture and analyze the physical evidence left behind at a crime
scene to help determine the identities of the people involved as well as to answer
other vital questions regarding how and why the crime was carried out.
 Why Chemistry for Engineers?
 An Aeronautical engineer must have to think about a material which is lighter yet
stronger so that it can fly easily in space, hence Alloys are developed.
 A Civil Engineer must know about the nature of soil,rocks,concrete,steel etc for
stablility.
 An Electronic or Electrical engineer has to know about
electrons,conduction,magnetic nature etc
 A Mechanical engineer has to have idea about materials and fuels for better
efficiency.
 Even Medical Science and Agriculture is based on chemistry.
 Scientific Method

 scientific method is a process for experimentation that is used to explore

observations and answer questions.
 Theories and Laws
 A fact is a basic statement establish by experiment or observation. All facts are true
under the specific conditions of the observation.
 theory refers to a comprehensive explanation of an important feature of nature
supported by facts gathered over time. Theories also allow scientists to make
predictions about as yet unobserved phenomena."
 scientific laws refer to rules for how nature will behave under certain conditions,
frequently written as an equation.

Note:
A theory does not change into a scientific law with the accumulation of new or
better evidence. Remember, theories are explanations and laws are patterns we see
in large amounts of data, frequently written as an equation