The document discusses the principle of operation of an electrostatic precipitator, which uses strong electrostatic fields to remove dust particles from gas streams. It operates by ionizing the gas between oppositely charged conductors, which causes the dust particles to become charged. The charged particles are then attracted to grounded collection plates of the opposite charge. The collected dust is removed periodically from the plates. The efficiency of gas cleaning devices like electrostatic precipitators depends on the properties of the collected ash and waste gases.
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The document discusses the principle of operation of an electrostatic precipitator, which uses strong electrostatic fields to remove dust particles from gas streams. It operates by ionizing the gas between oppositely charged conductors, which causes the dust particles to become charged. The charged particles are then attracted to grounded collection plates of the opposite charge. The collected dust is removed periodically from the plates. The efficiency of gas cleaning devices like electrostatic precipitators depends on the properties of the collected ash and waste gases.
The document discusses the principle of operation of an electrostatic precipitator, which uses strong electrostatic fields to remove dust particles from gas streams. It operates by ionizing the gas between oppositely charged conductors, which causes the dust particles to become charged. The charged particles are then attracted to grounded collection plates of the opposite charge. The collected dust is removed periodically from the plates. The efficiency of gas cleaning devices like electrostatic precipitators depends on the properties of the collected ash and waste gases.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
The document discusses the principle of operation of an electrostatic precipitator, which uses strong electrostatic fields to remove dust particles from gas streams. It operates by ionizing the gas between oppositely charged conductors, which causes the dust particles to become charged. The charged particles are then attracted to grounded collection plates of the opposite charge. The collected dust is removed periodically from the plates. The efficiency of gas cleaning devices like electrostatic precipitators depends on the properties of the collected ash and waste gases.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Gl = Quantity of ash entering an ash collector per unit
time (kg/s) G2 = Quantity of uncollected ash passing through the collector per unit time (kg/s) Cl = Concentration of ash in the gases at the inlet to the ash collector (kg/m3) C2 = Ash concentration at the exist (kg/m3).
Depending on the type of fuel and the power of
Principle of operation of Electrostatic Precipitator bailer the ash collection in industrial boilers and thermal power stations can be effected by mechanical ash The gas carrying dust particles, when passed collectors, fly ash scrubbers and electrostatic between oppositely charged conductors, gets ionized, as precipitators. the voltage applied (30kv) and spacing between For fly ash scrubbers of large importance is the conductors, is adjusted that a strong electric field exists content of free lime (CaO) in the ash. With a high between them. concentration of CaO the ash can be cemented and impair The ionized gas is further passed through the the operation of a scrubber. collecting unit which consists of a set of vertical metal plates. The efficiency of operation of gas cleaning devices The alternate plates are positively charged and depends largely on the physico-chemical earthed. The spacing and voltage are so adjusted that high properties of the collected ash and of the entering waste electric field exists between the plates which exert force gases. on the ionized particles. The positively charged dust particles are attracted Following are the principal characteristics of the fly ash: towards the grounded plates. (i) Density (ii) Dispersity (Particle size) The deposited dusts particles are removed from (iii) Electric resistance (For electrostatic precipitators) the collecting plates by tumbling hammers and is (iv) Coalescence of ash particles. collected in the dust hoppers. Due to increasing boiler size and low sulphur high It has two sets of electrodes, insulated from each ash content coal the problem of collecting fly ash is other that maintain an electrostatic field between them at becoming increasingly complex. Fly ash can range from high voltage. The flue gases are made to pass between very fine to very coarse size depending on the source. these two sets of electrodes. The electric field ionises the Particles colour varies from light tan to grey to black. Tan dust particle; that pass through it attracting them to the colour indicates presence of ion oxide while dark shades electrode of opposite charge. The other electrode is indicate presence of unburnt carbon. Fly ash particles size maintained at a negative potential of 30,000 to 60,000 varies between 1. micron (l μ) to 300 μ. Fly ash volts. The dust particles are removed from the collecting concentration in flue gases depends upon mainly the electrode by rapping the electrode periodically. The following factors : electrostatic precipitator is costly but has low (i) Coal composition. (ii) Boiler design and capacity. maintenance cost and is frequently employed with pulverised coal fired power stations for its effectiveness Percentage of ash in coal directly contributes to on very fine ash particles and is superior to that of any fly ash emission while boiler design and operation other type. determine the percentage retained in the furnace as The principal characteristics of an ash collector is bottom ash and fly ash carried away by flue gas. Fly ash the degree of collection. concentration widely varies around 20-90 g/mm3 η = Degree of collection depending on coal and boiler design. Fly ash particle size distribution depends primarily on the type of boiler such as pulverised coal fired boiler typically produces coarser particles then cyclone type boilers. Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is quite commonly used for removal of fly ash from flue gases.