BIO095

CHAPTER 2: GENE TECHNOLOGY

COMPILED BY: NOOR AKMAL ABD WAHAB
UNAUTHORISED DUPLICATION IS PROHIBITED, FOR THE CIRCULATION OF BIO095 STUDENTS ONLY

PART A:
(FINAL 2016)

1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in recombinant DNA

technology?
i. Extract plasmid from bacterial cells.
ii. Use ligase to seal gene of interest to plasmid.
iii. Recombinant DNA molecule transported into bacteria.
iv. Cut the plasmid and gene of interest using the same restriction enzyme.

A. i,ii,iv,iii
B. ii,iii,iv,i
C. iii,i,ii,iv
D. i,iv,ii,iii

2. A studens uses restriction enzymes to cut a DNA molecule and separate the
fragments using agarose gel electrophoresis. The rate of migration of the DNA
fragments is determined by

A. the volume of the starting sample.

B. the number of nucleotides in the fragments.
C. the presence of hydrogen bonds between base pairs.
D. the length of time the electrophoresis is allowed to operate.

(TEST 2018)

3. mRNA is converted into cDNA by using

A. DNA ligase
B. Topoisomerase
C. DNA polymerase
D. Reverse transcriptase
BIO095
CHAPTER 2: GENE TECHNOLOGY
COMPILED BY: NOOR AKMAL ABD WAHAB
UNAUTHORISED DUPLICATION IS PROHIBITED, FOR THE CIRCULATION OF BIO095 STUDENTS ONLY

PART B:
(FINAL 2018)

1. In recombinant DNA technology, the gene of interest and plasmid are cut using
the same restriction enzyme.
i) What is the significance of using the same restriction enzyme?
(1 mark)

ii) The plasmid contains a marker gene that codes for antibiotic resistance.
List the importance of this marker gene.
(2 marks)

(FINAL 2016)
2. Figure 4 shows steps in gene cloning.

i) Explain why bacteria are routinely used to produce large numbers of the
target DNA.
(2 marks)
BIO095
CHAPTER 2: GENE TECHNOLOGY
COMPILED BY: NOOR AKMAL ABD WAHAB
UNAUTHORISED DUPLICATION IS PROHIBITED, FOR THE CIRCULATION OF BIO095 STUDENTS ONLY

ii) Hind III is the restriction enzyme specific for 5’-AAGCTT-3’. Draw the
double stranded sequence before and after the enzyme cut it.
(3 marks)

(FINAL 2015)
3. Figure 6 below outlines stages in the process by which foreign DNA may be
inserted into a bacterium.

i) Name enzyme A and B.

(2 marks)

ii) Explain how treating cDNA and plasmids with endonuclease produce
sticky ends.
(2 marks)

iii) What is the term used for ‘combined DNA’?

(1 mark)
BIO095
CHAPTER 2: GENE TECHNOLOGY
COMPILED BY: NOOR AKMAL ABD WAHAB
UNAUTHORISED DUPLICATION IS PROHIBITED, FOR THE CIRCULATION OF BIO095 STUDENTS ONLY

(TEST 2017)

4. In recombinant DNA technology, cDNA is often used in gene cloning. Figure 6

shows a mature mRNA that is ready to be converted into a cDNA.

5’ --------------------AAAAA 3’
Figure 6

i) Explain how the first strand of cDNA is synthesized.

(2 marks)

ii) Why is it necessary to convert mRNA into cDNA?

(1 mark)

5. Figure 7 shows a DNA molecule and the EcoRI restriction sites. When
electrophoresis of the digested DNA molecule is carried out on an agarose gel, the
bands obtained are shown in Figure 8. Identify and label the position of each of
the DNA bands obtained in Figure 8.