CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1. GENERAL:
Structural response to earthquake is a dynamic phenomenon that depends on dynamic
characteristics of structures and the intensity, duration and frequency content of the existing
ground motion .

Structural analysis is mainly concerned with finding out the behaviour of a physical structure
when subjected to force or vibrations. This action can be in the form of load due to weight of
things such as people, furniture, wind, snow or some other kind of excitation such as
earthquake, blast nearby etc. Talking about Dynamic analysis is the testing and evaluation of
a program by executing data in real-time. Dynamic analysis eliminates the need to artificially
create situations likely to produce errors and it can be used to find dynamic displacements,
time history and modal analysis. The dynamic analysis is also related to the inertia forces
developed by a structure when it is exited by means of dynamic loads applied artificially or
naturally on it. Dynamic analysis of the structure is very need to understand the stability of
any building that how it behave to the sudden force created artificially or naturally.

A dynamic load can have a significantly larger effect than a static load of the same magnitude
due to the structure’s inability to respond quickly to the loading (by deflecting). The
earthquake simulator or the shake table is used for the dynamic analysis of proposed model to
find out the structural dynamic behaviour when the force acts on that particular structure and
the shake table works as unit of earth on which the stimulations generated by the motor create
an artificial wave which strikes the proposed steel model at all the three directions i.e. X, Y,
and Z.

The main aim of the project is to find out the responses in terms of displacement, velocity,
and acceleration measuring analytically or experimentally by using response measuring
devices namely, the Dial Gauge and the Science Journal Application analysing acceleration
of the steel framed model. It is performed by varying the values of frequency and
displacement at load condition. And the results of work have compared with theoretical
values and experimental values of the natural frequency generated on the steel framed
structure.