UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNLOGY

& GSPCT

LAB REPORT

Submitted by: Ahtisham Amjad Dar

Roll No: 2017-Uet-Gspct-Mech-02

Submitted to: Engr. Umer Farooq

Subject: Filling Operation (Workshop)

Department: BSC Mech. Eng. Technology

Session: 2017-2021
 Filing Operation
Filing is a material removal process in manufacturing. Similar, depending on use, to
both sawing and grinding in effect, it is functionally versatile, but used mostly for
finishing operations, namely in deburring operations. Filing operations can be used
on a wide range of materials as a finishing operation. Filing helps achieve work-
piece function by removing some excess material and deburring the surface.
Sandpaper may be used as a filing tool for other materials, such as wood.

A file is used to cut, trim or finish a job of metal or wood, in order to give them a
shape according to our needs such as making the job round, square or angular. File
is made from high carbon steel.
The file is a hard steel instrument with numerous cutting points. Metal is cut in small
or tiny particles with the help of a file. Therefore, mostly a file is used for giving
final changes to a job of metal or wood.

Parts of a File:
It has the following main parts of a file:
1. Handle
2. Tang
3. Heel
4. Face
5. Edge
6. Tip or Point
Types of File Tools:
While making a selection of file for a specific job, some
important points should be considered. In other words, we can say that files can be
classified into the following categories:

1. On the basis of length

2. On the basis of shape

i. Flat file
ii. Round file
iii. Half-round file
iv. Triangular file
v. Square file
vi. Hand file
vii. Knife file

3. In the basis of grades

i. Rough File
ii. Bastard File
iii. Second cut File
iv. Smooth File
v. Dead Smooth File

4. On the basis of cut

 i. Single Cut File
ii. Double Cut File
iii. Curved Cut File
iv. Spiral Cut File
v. Rasp Cut File

Methods of Filing:
1. Choose the right type of file, according to the job.
2. There should be handle fitted on the tang of the file. In small files, a small handle
should be fitted and a larger handle in a larger file. Otherwise, proper and power
would be unnecessarily wasted.
3. Hold the handle of the file with the right hand and keep the file end balanced with
the left hand.
4. At the time of filing, the left leg should be kept ahead and the right leg a little
behind as shown in fig.
5. Pressure on the file should be exerted while moving it ahead, not while driving it
back.
6. Only your hands should move with the file and not your whole body. As far as
possible, keep rest of your body still.
7. Speed of moving the file should be at the rate of 30 to 35 strokes per minute.

Applications of Files:
1. A file is used for giving final changes to a job of metal or wood.
2. After chipping, a job of metal generally becomes rough and a file is used to
make it smooth.
3. In case of a machine, the part is larger than the required size; a file is used to
make it suitable.
4. In addition, a file is used to where other cutting tools cannot be used.
5. Files are also used for sharpening the edge of some other cutting tools.