UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNLOGY

& GSPCT

LAB REPORT

Submitted by: Ahtisham Amjad Dar

Roll No: 2017-Uet-Gspct-Mech-02

Submitted to: Engr. Umer Farooq

Subject: Hydraulic Shear Machine (Workshop)

Department: BSC Mech. Eng. Technology

Session: 2017-2021
 OPERATIONS THAT’S WE PERFORMED
ON HYDRAULIC SHEAR MACHINE

Sr.# LIST OF PRACTICAL

1. Trimming Operation Performed On Hydraulic Shear Machine
2. Piercing Operation Performed On Hydraulic Shear Machine
3. Notching Operation Performed On Hydraulic Shear Machine
4. Nibbling Operation Performed On Hydraulic Shear Machine
5. Perforating Operation Performed On Hydraulic Shear Machine
Hydraulic shearing machine:
Hydraulic shears are usually
compact machines and hence take up less space even though they apply the same
kind of pressure as mechanical shearing machines. Hydraulic shearing
machines secure metal with cramps while cutting hence ensuring smooth cuts and
even 90 degrees cut.

Shearing, also known as die cutting, is a process which cuts stock without the
formation of chips or the use of burning or melting. Strictly speaking, if the cutting
blades are straight the process is called shearing; if the cutting blades are curved
then they are shearing-type operations.

Parts of hydraulic shearing machine

Shear table:
The shear table is the part of the machinery that the workpiece
rests on while being sheared.
Work-holding device:
The work-holding device is used to hold the
workpiece in place and keep it from moving or buckling while under stress.

Upper and lower blades:

That’s use to cut the material in two pieces.

Gauging device:
The main parts of machine that’s support to machine.

Operation of hydraulic shearing machine

Punching/Blanking:
Punching or blanking is a process in which the punch
removes a portion of material from the larger piece or a strip of sheet metal. If the
small removed piece is discarded, the operation is called punching, whereas if the
small removed piece is the useful part and the rest is scrap, the operation is called
blanking.

Piercing:
It is a process by which a hole is cut (or torn) in metal. It is different
from punching in that piercing does not generate a slug. Instead, the metal is pushed
back to form a jagged flange on the backside of the hole. A pierced hole looks
somewhat like a bullet hole in a sheet of metal.

Trimming:
When parts are produced by die casting or drop forging, a small
amount of extra metal gets spread out at the parting plane. This extra metal, called
flash, is cut – off before the part is used, by an operation called trimming. The
operation is very similar to blanking and the dies used are also similar to blanking
dies. The presses used for trimming have, however, a relatively larger table.
Notching:
It is an operation in which a specified small amount of metal is cut
from a blank. It is different from punching in the sense that in notching cutting line
of the slug formed must touch one edge of the blank or strip. A notch can be made
in any shape. The purpose of notching is generally to release metal for fitting up.

Nibbling:
Nibbling is a variation of notching, with overlapping notches being cut
into the metal. The operation may be resorted to produce any desired shape, for
example flanges, collars, etc.

Perforating:
Perforating is an operation is which several uniformly spaced
holes are punched in a sheet of metal. The holes may be of any size or shape. They
usually cover the entire sheet of metal.

Types of Shearing Machines

1. Bench shear- The word bench is because the machine is mounted on a bench
to increase its mechanical ability. It is used to cut rough shapes of medium sizes of
metal. However, small bench shearing machines are fitted with ground cutting
blades and are light weights making it easy to have clean and fast cuts.

2. Guillotine- This means that the machine is hand or foot powered and
sometimes mechanically powered. The material to be cut is first cramped with a ram
and a moving blade goes down and shears the metal. a power shearing machine
consists of a shear table to put the material being sheared, a a holding device to hold
the material in place to avoid movement, a gauging device to make sure the material
is in the right place and the lower and upper blades to do the cutting.

3. Power shears - This type of a shearing machine is electrically powered to

shear large pieces of metal regardless of size. Alternatively they can be powered
with hydraulics to cut metals that are too bulky for transportation.
4. Throat – Less shear- This means that the metal being cut can be moved around
the cutting blade freely so it’s flexible. It’s used for complex cuts and curves.

Advantages Of Using Hydraulic Shearing Machines

 Hydraulic shearing machines are fast and accurate and make it easy to cut a
lot of metal in factories.
 Hydraulic shears don’t require a lot of maintenance as mechanical models and
hence are cost effective.
 Hydraulic shears are usually compact machines and hence take up less space
even though they apply the same kind of pressure as mechanical shearing
machines.
 Hydraulic shearing machines secure metal with cramps while cutting hence
ensuring smooth cuts and even 90 degrees cut. There are a wide variety
of hydraulic shearing machines in the market to cater for all sizes of metal.

How to use Hydraulic Shearing Machines Safely?

 Always have specialist operators to work on the machine
 Maintain cleanliness in the machine and follow the operating rules to avoid
hazards.
 Always make sure to switch off power of the machine after use.

THE END