Test Scores 175

Typesof Intelligence
Distinction Between Aptitude Test and Achievement Test 177
and Achievement Tests 178
Types of Aptitude
184
Tests of Creativity
Review Questions 185

OF PERSONALITY 186
MEASUREMENT
10,
of
Meaning and Purpose Personality Measurement 186
Assessment 187
Tools of Personality
Pavular Strategies Involved in Construction of Personality Inventories 188

Overcoming Distortions in Self-report Inventories 206

Situational Tests 207
Values and Attitudes 209
Measurement of Interests,
Review Questions 218

TECHNIQUES 219
PROJECTIVE
11.
of
Meaning and Types Projective
Techniques 219

Classification of Projective Techniques 220

Pictorial Techniques 224
224
The Rorschach Test
Rorschach Protocol 241
Interpretation of the
Inkblot Test 252
The Holtzman
Thematic Apperception
Test (TAT) 254
Verbal Techniques 260
Expressive Techniques 261

Techniques 264
Evaluation of Projective
Review Questions 266

OBSERVATION AND DATA COLLECTION 267

12. TECHNIQUES OF
Methods of Data Collection
268
Schedule 269
Questionnaire and
Interview 275
Content Analysis 280

Observation as a Tool of Data Collection 282

and
Difference Between Participant Observation
Nonparticipant Observation 285

Rating Scale 285

Types of Rating Scales 286 293
Other SpecialTypes of Rating Scales
305
Problems in Obtaining Effective Ratings
307
Methods of Improving Effectiveness of Rating Scales
Errors in Ratings 308
Evaluation of Rating Scales 310
Review Questions 313
13. SCALING TECHNIQUES 315

Distinction Between Psychophysical and

Psychological Scaling Methods 315
Psychophysical Scaling Methods 316
Weber's Law and Fechner's Law 333
Steven's Power Law 335
(xi)