BUILDING DESIGN 2

ASSESSMENT #1: CHAPTER 6 (THE SOIL PIPE)

❖ A soil pipe is a pipe that conveys sewage or wastewater reliably, either from the toilet or
sink to a soil drain or sewer. Needless to say, there are many pipes within your home that
carry water, but there are just as many that carry waste from your property. Soil Pipes need
to be vented (generally at the top or very near to the top of building) to allow for the safe
disposal of gases and to reduce odor’s and ensure that the pipes are creating a safe area –
often gases from soil pipes can be harmful to health (but not always) which is why it’s best
to ventilate the pipes as high as possible.

ASSESSMENT #2: CHAPTER 7 (THE HOUSE DRAIN)

❖ A house drain is the system of horizontal piping inside of the cellar or basement of a
building, that extends to and connects with the house sewer. It receives the discharge of
sewage from all soil and waste lines, and sometimes rain water from rain leaders, yard,
cellar, area and sub-soil drains. House drains are generally located below the cellar or
basement floor, where they are entirely out of the way.
• COMBINED DRAIN – is a type of house drain that receives discharges of sanitary
waste as well as storm water. This is the oldest form of house drain when public
sewers are of the combination design. This type of house drain however, is already
phased out and no longer permitted.
• SANITARY DRAIN – this type of house drain receives the discharges of sanitary and
domestic waste only. The waste is conveyed to a public sewer, or septic tank, by the
house sewer. Storm water is not allowed in the sanitary drain.
• INDUSTRIAL DRAIN – is a house drain that receives discharges from industrial
equipment that contain some objectionable acid waste. Industrial drain that
contains acid waste terminates into a separate drainage basin.
• STORM DRAIN – conveys all storm clear water, or surface water waste except
sanitary waste. Storm drain terminates into lake, river, dry run or natural basin.

ASSESSMENT #3: CHAPTER 8 (THE HOUSE SEWER)

❖ House sewer is defined as, that portion of the horizontal drainage system, which starts from
the outer face of the building and terminate at the main sewer in the street or septic tank.
 The house sewer is connected to the main sewer by boring a small hole through the
concrete pipe, using a sharpened steel chisel or electric drill. The hole is gradually enlarged
to receive the sleeve. Extra care should be exercised not to break the inside wall of the main
sewer. The house sewer pipe is connected to the main sewer entering at 45 degrees angle
or directly from the top.

ASSESSMENT #4: CHAPTER 9 (THE STORM DRAIN)

❖ A storm drain is a closed conduit that conveys storm water that has been collected by inlets
to an outfall. It generally consists of laterals or leads, and trunk lines or mains. Culverts
connected to the storm drainage system are considered part of the system.
• THE INSIDE STORM DRAIN – is sometimes located under the basement floor or
within the walls of the building. This type of storm drain is commonly found in
building constructed along congested business district, or building that occupies the
entire frontage of the lot. The drainpipe is laid under the floor or walls of the
structure.
• THE OUTSIDE STORM DRAIN – is installed outside the foundation wall of the
building. This type of drainage is possible on location where the lot is not totally
occupied by the building.
• THE OVERHEAD STORM DRAIN – is adopted when the street drainage is higher in
elevation than the basement floor of the building. The purpose is to avail of the
gravity flow of water. The pipe is well fitted and suspended inside the ceiling by
suitable hangers spaced at closer intervals.

ASSESSMENT #5: CHAPTER 16 (THE FIRE PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS)

❖ A fire protection system is an important component of a building’s safety plan, regardless of
whether it’s a commercial facility, hospital or educational facility. Without a fire protection
system, the lives of those who are inside the building are placed at a high risk in the event
 an emergency. That’s why passive fire protection systems have been designed to help
protect the building and its occupants during a fire.
➢ WATER AND WATER SUPPLY
• ELEVATED WATER TANK
• UNDERGROUND WATER RESERVOIR
• STANDBY POWER
➢ THE UP-FEED PUMPING SYSTEM – provides a continuous flow of water from the
deep well through the domestic and fire reservoir.
➢ THE STANDPIPE AND HOSE – the standpipe use as water conveyance in case of fire
- the fire hose is always located near the stairs for use
by firemen in case of fire and incased in glass
cabinet
➢ THE AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM – consists of horizontal pattern pipes placed
near the ceiling of industrial and commercial buildings, warehouses, stores, theaters
and other structures where fire hazard requires their use.

❖ FIRE CODE – considers the ‘building density in the locality and the flammability of the
structures and its contents’.
• Fire resistance of the building and its contents
• Limitation of volume to adjacent vulnerable buildings
• Exits and fire tower stairs
• Protection against defective electrical system
• Lightning protection
• Detection and alarm systems
• Automatic sprinkler systems
• Standpipe and hose system
• Automatic smoke and heat venting
• Smoke and heat shafts
• Control of air conditioning ducts
• Communication in high rise buildings
• Elevator control

ASSESSMENT #6: CHAPTER 16 (GIVE ATLEAST 5

INFORMATION/LESSONS FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING CODES)
➢ ELECTRICAL CODE
• represents the established set of standards and practices that must by
followed when running wire and making connections in various settings and
 applications, including what materials are acceptable, what kinds of
redundancies need to be in place, and what methods and protocols must be
followed to get it all done.
• is all about safety, ensuring that electrical installations are performed with
the kind of diligence, care and attention.
• has one purpose only, and that's the “practical safeguarding of persons and
property from hazards arising from the use of electricity.” It goes on to
indicate that the code isn't intended as a design specification or instruction
manual.
• is a set of regulations for the design and installation of electrical wiring in a
building.
• to establish basic materials quality and electrical works standards for the
safe use of electricity for light, heat, power, communications, signaling and
for other purposes. This code is intended as a design specification or an
instruction manual for qualified persons.

➢ MECHANICAL CODE
• establishes minimum requirements for mechanical systems using
prescriptive and performance-related provisions.
• It's essentially to help anyone in terms of the construction, repair,
alteration, occupancy, maintenance and even the demolition of
any building, whether it's private or a government building.
• is to provide minimum standards for safety, health, and general welfare
including structural integrity, mechanical integrity (including sanitation,
water supply, light, and ventilation), means of egress, fire prevention and
control, and energy conservation.
• are sets of regulations governing the design, construction, alteration, and
maintenance of structures. They specify the minimum requirements to
adequately safeguard the health, safety, and welfare of building occupants.
• designed to improve conservation of power, protect and enhance the
environment and promote sustainable development.

➢ PLUMBING CODE
• establishes safety standards for health, safety, property protection and
public welfare by prescriptive and performance provisions for the design,
construction, installation, quality of materials, location, operation and
maintenance or use of plumbing equipment and systems.
• is a code that provides regulations for the design, installation and inspection
of building plumbing and sanitary systems.
• to govern the installation and inspection of plumbing systems as a means of
promoting the public's health, safety and welfare.
• This code deals with water supply in multi-storeyed buildings and covers
general requirements and regulations, design considerations, plumbing
systems, distribution system, storage of water and inspection for water
supply in multi-storeyed buildings.
• to ensure the qualified observance of the latest provision of
the plumbing and environmental laws.