RATIONALE

1. With mastitis, injury to the breast, such as overdistention, stasis, and cracking of the
nipples, is the primary predisposing factor. Epidemic and endemic infections are
probable sources of infection for mastitis.Temporary urinary retention due to decreased
perception of the urge to void is a contributory factor to the development of urinary tract
infection, not mastitis.

2. In most cases, the mother can continue to breastfeed with both breasts. If the
affected breast is too sore, the mother can pump the breast gently. Regular emptying of
the breast is important to prevent abscess formation.

3. Mastitis are an infection of the lactating breast. Client instructions include resting
during the acute phase, maintaining a fluid intake of at least 3 L a day, and taking
analgesics to relieve discomfort. Additional supportive measures include the use of
moist heat or ice packs and wearing a supportive bra.

4. Mastitis is when your breast becomes swollen, hot and painful. Symptoms often
include: a swollen area on the breast that may feel hot and painful to touch, a wedge-
shaped breast lump or a hard area on the breast, fever, elevated white blood count and
focal breast tenderness and warmth.

5. Client instructions include resting during the acute phase, maintaining a fluid intake of
at least 3000ml/day (if not contraindicated), taking analgesics to relieve discomfort.
Antibiotics may be prescribed and are taken until the complete prescribed course is
finished. Additional supportive measures include the use of moist heat or ice packs and
wearing a supportive bra. Continued decompression of the breast by breast-feeding or
breast pump is important to empty the breast and prevent the formation of an abscess.

6. It is because fluid intake affects breast supply. A diet for a breast-feeding patient
should include additional fluids. Prenatal vitamins should be taken as prescribed and
soap should not be used on the breast because it removes natural oils which increases
the chance of cracked nipples. Breast-feeding is not a sole method of contraception, so
birth control measures should be resumed.

7. The nurse would suggest the mother position the infant in this manner. Rotating
breast-feeding positions; breaking suction with the little finger; nursing frequently; begin
feeding on the less sore nipple; not allowing the newborn to chew on the nipple or to
sleep holding the nipple in the mouth and applying tea bags soaked in warm water to
the nipple are also measures to alleviate nipple soreness.

8. Holding the infant close so that body warmth can be felt initiates a positive experience
for the parent. It is also self-quieting and consoles the infant. The use of a high-pitched
voice and participating in infant care promote parental-infant attachment. Infants should
not be allowed to sleep between the parents, not only because of the danger of
suffocation but also because the parent's will require meaningful rest and time to be
alone as a couple.

9. Irritation of the nipple with the development of fissures and a route for infection to
enter the breast is best prevented by careful positioning the infant during feeding, and
removing the infant from the breast by inserting a finger in the mouth to break the
suction. Bottle-feeding can cause nipple confusion for the infant and delay milk
production. Antibiotics are not appropriate as a preventive strategy for mastitis. Nipple
shields are used for inverted nipples. Plenty of fluids and a healthy diet are very
important for successful breast-feeding but do not prevent mastitis.

10. Bottle feeding using a commercially prepared formula increases the risk that the
infant will develop allergies. Bottle-feeding using commercially prepared infant formulas
helps the infant sleep through the night is an incorrect statement. Iron is better absorbed
from breast milk than from formula. Commercial formulas are designed to meet the
nutritional needs of the infant and resemble breast milk.