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    Tap Chi Dau Khi

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    Tap chi dau khi

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    Tap Chi Dau Khi

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    HOA - ChE BIEN DAU KHi Nghién cuu dting cén Etylic sdn xudt trong nuéc pha ché xang thuong phdm cé tri s6 Octan cao - giai doan 3 KS. Nguyén Huynh Hung My ThS. Huynh Minh Thugn KS. Lé Héng Nguyén, KS. Lé Duong Hai ign Dau kh Vigt Nam Theo xu huting phat trién cfc dang nang luong moi nhidm dim béo an ninh ning lugng va an ton ‘mol truéng sinh thl, viée str dung nhién igu sinh hoe cho cde phuong tin xe 60 thay thé dan xang dau 6c Khodng a abu tt yu 0a va dang lan rong nhiéu qude gia tén thé gi. Trong bal bao nay, nhc tee gia 8 tinh bay hai n6i dung nghién ciu ién quan dén thie nghiém dénh gid 49 bén dng co x0 6 (0 chey ang pha 5% cén tuyétd6i (EB) so ve xing th trutng va thi nghiém a6 bn diab chdt trong xang ES thes {hol glantén tr bao quén bang bé chia dat ngdm mé hinh cay xéng thy 18. KBt qué thi? nghiém cho thay, hao mén cia déng co xe 6 16 tai méi chay x4ng ES tuong dong voi x€ng thj trréng trong 16 trinh 20.000km va chét lugng cil xing E5 dure bao dim trong tén tr? bao quan bang bé chi mo hinh cay xing trong thoi gian 2 thang. Béng thé qua bai béo nay, nhém téc glé s6 néu \én nhing uu nhurye ciém cla tinh nang lam vige cia xéng ES dén céc thong s6 host déng cila déng co’ so vot xang thi trang, Cae {két qua thye nghiem nay lé nhiing cé cur Khoa hoc gp cho cde don vj sén xudt kinh doanh xéng du tham hao chuén bj 16 chtre phuong an pha ché va phan phdi nhién ligu sinh hoc theo 16 trinh. 1. M@ dau Myc tiéu chi yéu cla “Dé én phat trién nhién figu_sinh hoc dén n&m 2015, tam nhin dén nam 2025" la thay thé mot phan nhién liéu truyén théng, g6p phan bao dam an ninh nang lugng va bao vé mdi trudng. Theo I6 trinh ca Dé dn nay, giai doan 2010-2015 Nha nude éva véo tu thy ign lieu ‘sinh hoc chiém 0,4-1 % téng nhu cau xang dau trong nurée. Theo mot sé nguén dy bao dén nm 2010, ting luvong xang 6 t6 tidu thu trong nue la 4,1 trigu tn va dén nam 2015 1a 5,6 trigu tan. Vi thé, kha nang san xuat nhién liéu sinh hoc dap Gng theo I trinh B& dn la khong nhé. Giai doan 1 va 2 cia 48 tai “Nghién ctu ding ‘bn etylic sén xuat trong nuéc pha ché xéing HERE 46 mu wat - 6 e209 thong phdm 06 tr] s6 octan cao 44 duee Trung tam Nghién cau va Phat tién Ché bién Dau khi thude Vig Dau khi Viet Nam chit thy hién ti nm 2003-2007. Tuy nhign trong 2 glai doan nay, Trung tm chura thir nghiém anh gid 46 bén (46 ‘hao mén) cia dng co chay xing pha cén so véi xng thi truéng va chua thir nghigm danh gia a6 én Ginh chat long cla xing ES trong tin tr, bo quan. Vi vay, gial doan 3 [8 giai doan nghién ciu ccu6i cing cia d® tai nhdm thye hign cae néi dung ‘cong vigc cbn lal 68 cd aby at lua chimng khoa hoc va thye nghiém vé tac dong ata x2ing pha cén aén hhoat dong cia dong co xe 6 16, he théng t8n tro va phan phi N. N@i dung nghién céu iy "9 ch to ay, a i én a0 ou ng 9c én va SR RTT 1. 861 twgng nghién cieulkhao sét Nhién lieu xéng thi trudng M92 pha véi S%ett «bn tuyét abi 6 pha thém 0, 1234t phy gia VpC-705 use tn try va bo quan bing m6 hinh BB chira ‘ey xéng 48 danh gid 49 én dinh trong thoi gian 2 thang. Thiv nghigm danh gid 46 bn Gong co" sr dung xe 6 t6 tai Suzuki chay xang E5 so voi xaing M92. Mgt trong nhing myc tiéu cla ¢b tai Ib Phuong én giai quyét du ra cho ivong xaing than b. Phim RON 90 ota NMLD Dung Quat bang och pha thém S%tt oBn a8 nang tr s6 octan alla xing len RON 92. PETROVIETNAM 8 chira hinh try nam ngang, dat nom duoc thiét ké a chira xéng dau theo tiéu chudn TCVN. > Kich thie b€: 1.800mm x 1.250mm x 3mm. (Gung tich 2.200 ti); ~ Vat lidu ché tao bé: Thép tm CT3; ~ Bén ngoai bé dugc bao én bing 2 6p bong thuy tinh t8m nhya duéng, Phuong phép va két qué thik nghiém ‘Dinh ky 01 tuan’n nhém ky thuat vien phdng thi nghigm xang déu (Petrolimex V) tién hanh dy ‘mau va do cac chi tu co ban clia xdng E5, két qué 2. Thiét lip mé hinh tén trie va dénh gid syrén dinh ‘chat lugng ctia xang E5 trong diéu kign thyrc té @. M6 hinh b6 chira Hinh 1. B8 chia xéng ES dang duce thi céng dat ‘ngém| Bang 1. Cac chi titu cla xang 5 auge do kiém trong thai gian tén tri bao quan phan tich & cudi tuan thir 1, thir 4 va th 8 nh Bang 1 (Qua két qua thye nghiém khao sat ta thay: = Nhit d6 mu xéng ES tn trom d&t he dn theo nhiét do mei truéng: Tir 28°C vao tuan thir 1, én tuan thir 8 la gan 24°C; = Khi pha tron S%tt cn tuyét déi vao 95% the tich xng g6c - xdng thj truéng M92 - d& c6 sn 1,79% kh6i long oxy thi ham lwgng oxy trong xang tang len 2,86%Kl ~ Chi tiéu tri 86 octan, an mén manh déng cla xding ES khéng thay ddi sau 8 tuan tan tris: Tri sé Coctan 6 gid tri Knéng ddi l& RON 93,9, chi tiéu dn mon manh déng vn dat loai 1A; ~ Ham luong oxy, ham iuong nuéc, thanh phan a> s6i, ap suat hoi bao hda va khdi Iuong riéng cla mau ES thay d6i nhe sau 8 tuan tn tro; ~ Ham luong nhya cé thay di theo chiéu hung gia tang: Xaing gbc M92 es ham Iuvong nhura 1,50 mg/00ml. Sau khi pha trOn, mu xang ES cé ham lung nhya Id 1,84 mg/t00m); va sau 8 tuan tin tro = aaa map [Kitt eonbaie] ham rong nhya cba mau ES tang lon fe [aa] 1.90 mgrtoom: Hs oi Ron Bags Ee se - Tir cae nhan xét trén cho thay, Thanh pn pra Saar, trong suét thdi gian tén trér 8 tuan, Tomes ee so | fee | 23% | $5 | cdc gid tri do kiém mot s6 chi teu 3) ceemgin aia | a | $2 | S32 | (RON, ty trong, ham lugng mace, seme se iret | irae | 483 | 352 | hamiugng oxy) cb thd xem khong {Balad 24! | ase | 212 | 2907 | thay adi theo thoi gian, Do 40 06 the spine dae see ATA ta tte kt ln rng xang ES khong bi tach fees rae age tie ae te op trong bin chva, Noo tore’ cb otras hee ree te Z| chiva 06 hign tuong tach lop xay ra {histories Sesto} + © 1 (han obnbi kao kdl lence ico (oct toa on See a 32] - cn chuyén qua pha on - nue TE ee a a eet oe] lang iu6i aay bb chia) thi ham ae Sciael tae ass [205] long cdn trong xing ES 4a giam, see ee eet oi fevertrt oer] sng, Yong nang 69 8 stn, | Henvsra on Ps baat = ham long oxy giém; [+7 | Nocet quan - Ngoai ra, xang géo M82 oé pha Cr Taam DAU KHI-sc 2000 47 HOA - CHE BIEN DAU KHi sin MTBE. Hop chat chira ony nay dug xem la hhgp chét déng dung méi (so-solvent) khi pha vo xing pha cn $6 gidp hoa tan nuée t6t hon, gidm nhigt d6 tach lop, gidm hign tugng tach lép trong nhién ligu. Trong khuén khé ciia thir nghiém nay, k&t qua @énh oid chi tap trung vao a9 én dinh cla x€ng ES trong thoi gian tn tri, thir nghiém khong kndo sét anh hutng ca ham lugng MTBE dén tae dung chéng tach l6p trong xang pha cbn. Mac di, mot s6 ta iu nghién ciru eda nude ngodi dé khang inh téc dung chéng téch lp cho xang pha cén cla cic hop cht chita oxy (iéu chudn EN 226) 3. Banh gié d6 ban déng co’6 t6 sip dung xang ES s0 voi xang thi trong a. Xe 6 16 thi nghiém Bang 2. Théng sb xe 6 16 tai thir nghigm gee Mls sihaey | figauea cea. | eoua sim |e RArane any * ‘thie nghigm ohién itu | Pare KW | Nena vOngipht 02516 tai Carry Truck | 4 ky, 4 xy-lanh_ | Phun xzng diéu Suzuki 2008 thdnghang | _khién aign to = oo », Phuong phép thir nghigm trubng M92. Gc $6 ligu do kidm, gid tri phan tich, 6o dat The nghiém trén cée thiét bj do thi hién dai cia chau Au theo mét quy trinh théng nhat déi voi 2 dong co (cén moi nguyén 100%) si dung 2 loal niin ligu x2ng pha cén ES va xéng th trxéng Mo2. Tién hanh do cdc chi iu kinht6 ky thuat tng hop cia dong co, do 46 kin khit bung chay dong 0, va do ham iugng cc kim logi hao mon hinh thanh trong dau béi tron déng co theo mét chu trinh thir nghiém thdng nhét cho 2 déng ca chay thir nghiém chay xéng pha cdn ES va xdng thi Bang 3. So sanh cong sudt don che thong s6 hoat déng cla dong co thir 1 chey x&ng thi trrng M92 trong suét qué trinh chay thir nghiém (455 gid) dug lay lam dar ligu chudn 48 so ‘sdnh vai déng co thir 2 chay xéng pha cén E5. ©. Ché 46 do - két qua thir nghigm * Ché &6 1: Bo kiém dac tinh kinh t6 ky thuat téng hgp cla dong co” = Bo kiém de tinh cong sudt d¢ng co 19 00 chay xang ES va M92 ‘Dong co tha nghi¢m Pomaid Pow Wie glam cong suat (6 tbc d6 5.500 vang/phat) kW AP% Chay xang M32, [38,779 /38,887 = 2.242 ‘Chay xang ES 38.463 [37,738 = 1.887, - S6 Iu do cho théy, sau 455 git hoat déing lin tyc, mire ad gidm cong sudt cla dng co chay xéng ES (1.887%) fthom so vi khi chay xéing M82 (2.242%). = Bo kiém tiéu hao nin lieu = So sénh misc 46 tidu hao nhién ligu gia 2 dong co & téc dé 161 da sau 455 gio thir nghiem, kt Bang 4. Tiéu hao nhién ligu cia ‘qua cho thy: Tiéu hao nhién ligu cia dong co chay xing E5 gia tang hon so véi dng eo chay xéing tl truong M82 khodng 2,496% dén 2,055%. Dieu nay 6 thé ly giai do mét phan nhién liu xang ES trong bung G&t khéng duoc dét chay hoan toan 8 sinh cong ma bi let xubng carer dong co. déng co chay xéng ES va M92 Tigu hao ohien ligu tran Gong co, kglh | Dong co chay xing ae {6 téc 46 5.500 vangiphiit) E5/Mo2 Ban dBu 43.6771 13,344 $2,496 Sau thir nghigm 13.135 / 12,756 +2.955 Bang 5. Ti8u hao nhign liu trung binh ota ang co chey xéng ES va MSZ So sanh tidu hao Dong co chay Pe; nhién gu trung binh xang E5/ M92 Tia hao nhién lu trung bin, Karh 6,876 16,921 =0,655 WEEE 48. oku Kut - 56 s2009 Tuy nhién, khi xem xét mite d ti8u hao nihién ligu tung binh cia toan qué trinh thir nghigm dann gid hao mon dong co chay xéng ES so vei xéng th rong, két qua cho thay: Mée tu hao nhién leu trung binh cla 2 d6ng co trong qua trinh chay thir inghigm khong 6,9kg/h, tyong duong 10,9 It shién ligu/100km va t6c 46 trung binh cia 2 xe quy ai ra khi xe chay trén diéu kién duéng sé thyc 16 dat PETROVIETNAM khong 7okm/h. Trong Bang 5 cho thy, ti6u hao nhién liu rung binh eta dng co ehay bang xang pha cBn ES trong qua tinh tho nghiém tu ton I hon d6ng_co chay bing xing thi tueng M92 Kong 0.653% * Ché d6 2: Bo kiém a6 kin khit bubng chay dong co 1 Dokiém kich thuée xy-lanh va xu-pap dong oo Bang 6. 86 hao mon xy-lanh cia dong co chay xang ES va M82 Mie d@ tang kich thee xy-lank (sau 405 gt) ‘Bong co chay xang E5/ M92, % A% Xy-lanh 1 (0,139 70,203 = 0,064 Xy-lanh 4 0.115 70,133 = 0.018 + Két qua thir nghigm vb do hao men xy-lanh 6 xy-lanh dong co khi chay xang ES so véi xing M92 Bang 7. 86 hao mn xu-pap clla dng co chay xing 5 va M92 jong oo sau 455 gié thir nghiém cho théy: BO man cde giém khong 0,018% - 0,084%. Mie a9 tang Kich thude xu-pap (eau45s gid) Dong co chay xang E5/ M92, mm A% Xu-pap 1 10,088 70,051 +0037, Xu-pap 4 10,069 0,066 0,003 ~ Két qua thir nghiém vé 46 hao mén xu-pap dong co sau 455 gid thir nghiém cho thay: 8 mon, xu-pap cla déng co’ khi chay xang pha cdn ES so v6i xang M92 o6 tng chat it: Te 0,003-0,037 mmn, C6 thé Iy gia gibu nay do xaing ES 6 ché a9 tai lon (khi chay 95 - 100% mirc tai déng co) va tbc a6 t6i a (6.500 vong/phit), mét phan cn va xang khong hhéa hoi hét (con thé Ing) lam tay riza mang ddu bai tron phan dinh piston véi xy-tanh va rbi bi chay, tao thanh hat mugi, [am mai mon d6i chat bo ai xurpap va a8 xu-pap. Mc du xu-pap a6ng co ‘chay xéng £5 c6 mon nhigu hon di chdt nhumng 46 kiitxy-lanh vn éuge duy te t6t ba 1b xo déng kin xu-pap. VA ngay chinh sy hao mén nay g6p phan 1a kin b@ déi xu-pap, nén vé ly thuyét viéc mon bo d6i xu-pap khéng anh hudng dén 4p sudt nén trong xy-lanh d6ng co va 46 lot ki xubng cac- ter ong co. = Do kid 46 lt khi tir Budng chay xuéng car= ter dau béi tron Bang 8. 86 lot kht cila Gong co chay xang ES va M92 Mire 6 lot Khi & 5.500 vongiphat ‘Sauchey | Sau] Sau | Sau ‘va 95% tai, Iit/phiit 18.15 gi | 220 git | 370 gid | 400 gid | [— ‘Bong co chay M92 17,367 | 20,670 | 22,183 | 23,698 ‘Bong co chay ES 78,702 | 20,538 | 24,712 | 35.577 - Sau thoi gian chay ra va tiép tye chay dén 220 gid, 66 Int khi cia 2 dong co ding xang ES va xing M92 du gidm (ne céc bé mat lam viée gid thanh xy-lanh va seo-mng dug ra kin khit theo qui luat ra én dint kich thé); = Sau 6 49 lot cac-ter cla c& 2 dong co abu gia tang do khe ho bat dau gia tang theo tho’ gian sir dyng vi mai mén, trong 46 49 lot khi cac-ter cia dong co chay xang E5 gia tang hon déng co chay xing M92 sau théi gian khoang 400 gic. Bibu nay [a do trong budng chay olla dong co chay xéng pha cbn ¢6 tBn tal lugng obn khong hoa hoi hoan toan da déng val trd nhu chat ty ria ‘mang du b6i tron trén thanh xy-lanh va piston, lam sec-mang gia t&ng hao man hon, kéo theo 66 lot khf gia ting hon va do d6 ap sudt nén cing gidm hon; ~ Din bién nay thé hign r® hon khi chay dng 9 & the dO cyc dai (5.500 vong/phitt) va & mirc tai cao (95-100% mirc tai dong 00). Lac nay tén tal rnhigu hon Ivgng obn khong héa hoi hoan toan da lam cho mang dau b6i tron gida b& mat lam vige cua xy-lanh va sec-mang bi téy ria, khéng bao dam {49 b6i tron va lam gidm 66 kin nén Iugng khi tir budng chay lot xudng cac-ter déng co gia téng hon; = Bo thir ap sudt nén trong bubng chay dong co Au Kui 562000 49 HOA - CHE BIEN DAU KHi Bang 9. Ap sudt nén xy-lanh ci tia dong co’ chay xang ES va M92 Kp sudtnen & Sau cheyra | Sau220gi@ | Sausv0gio | Sau 400 gio 1.000 vong/phiit, bar 15 gio ‘Bong co chay M82 15,664 15,861 15.744 15,726 ‘Bong co chay ES 15,723 15,899 15.716 13,837 + Le dau ap sudt nén trong xy-lanh cla 2 dong co chay xaing ES va xdng M92 déu tang nhe (khoang 1,119 - 1,277), du nay thé hin déng co” Guge chay ra tgo'ra 66 kin Khit tt cho budng chéy eng co (cho aén 220 gid); ~ Sau 66 cA hal Gu bi giém ap sudt nén trong xy- anh do hao mén cde chi tiét sec - mang * Ché 46 3: Do kiém chat lvong dau béi tron * Do kiém chét lugng dau béi tron (a6 nhét d6ng hoc) Bang 10. 89 nhét dong hoc cia du boi va xy-lanh ting [én theo thoi gian lam viée cla dong co. Bac biét sau kho’ng 400 gid Ap sudt nén trong xy-lanh dong co chay xang pha cbn giém con 13,837 bar, tie gidm khoang 13% do seo-méng a bj mon niéu trong khi dng co chay x8ng M92 vn duy tri ép sudt nén tét khoang 16,726 boar. trom trong déng co chay xéng E5 va M92 ‘BG nhét dong hoc Sau100gio | Sau220gio | Saus70gio & 100°C, cSt ‘Bong co chay MSZ 16,48) 76,46. 16,24 ‘Bong oo chay ES 16,52 16,30 14,90 = Mac dBu 48 duge chay r& khong 15 gic, song vain o6 sy lot kh xuéng cac-ter do bé mat lam vige cia seo-mang va xyanh chua dure ra kin kit 1nén d9 nhét od 2 dng co thir nghiém bi gidm doi chat, chi cn khodng 18,6 cSt; - Sau thai gian khong 100 git’ chay may, ofc b& mat d& duoc ra kin khit, han ch dén mic thép nnhdt sy rd kn! xuéng cacter dong co, thi 46 nhot ‘dong hoc cia dau nhén tang lén (khong 16,5 cSt, tang khong 6,7% so véi 46 nhét ban du khi dong co cbn méi, sau chay rj; = Sau thai gian 220 giér chey may, 46 nhét gidm rng v8 khosing 16,30 an 16,46 cSt, trong 46 Eng co ding x2ng pha cén ES bat dau o6 déu higu glam 46 nat; ~ Cho dén thoi gian khong 370 gia chay may thi 9 nhét cia dong co’ ding xang pha edn ES aa theo xu hung gidm r6 (chi cbn Khong 14,00 cSt, tire gidm 9,8%; trong khi do dong co’ ding xing M92 vn duy tri 9 nht boi trom tt & gi tr 16,24 St, mie gidm chi 1,52%), + Bo kiém ham iuvgng kim loai hao man hinh thanh trong dau b6i tron Ham lugng céc kim logi bj hao man hinh thanh trong dau bai tron dugc xéc dinh déu nm trong i6i han cho phép (gid tr cho phép xéc dinh trén co 88 65 nhét dong hoc & 100°C 48 dim bio mang dau bei tron cho cac b8 mat lam vigc gia sec- mang va xy-lanh khéng dugc thép hon 10,4 cSt); trong Bang 10 cho thdy sau 455 gid chay thir Inghiém a9 nh6t dng hoe & 100°C cia dau bd tron ‘50 DAU KMI <6 sr2000 trong 2 dong co vn cén cao hon 14 cSt Téc dng cia nhién lig xéng ES dén hao men Ong co duge danh gia lén cudi cing thong qua vigc phan tich cng d6 hinh thanh céc kim loai bi hao man trong dau bi tron dng co. = Hao mon séc-mang: Lic dau cdc thanh phan cdc kim logi Cr va Mo cia dong co chay xng M92 ‘6 néng 49 hinh thanh gia tng hon do sec-maing bi mén vi d6-cdn va 6-van ban dau cla d0ng co chey M92 én hon; sau khi 4& san phang va kin khit thi nguge lai, thanh phn kim loai Cr va Mo otia dong ‘¢’ chay xéing pha cn E5 c6 néng 46 Cr va Mo hinh. thanh gia tang hon do sec-maing lc nay bi hao mon vi didu kign bai tron giém do dau boi tron bj loaing rnén 46 nhét gidm; - Hao mon xy-tanh: Lic dau do 4 O-van va dO ‘o6n xylanh dong co chay M92 lon hon, nn cuéng 4 hao man kim foal Fe cia thanh xy-lanh dng chey xing M92 gia tang hon déng co’ chay xang E5 chit ft nhung sau khi 48 san phing 46 6-van va 40 bn thi cureng d9 mai mon kim logi Fe cia thanh xj- lanh déng co chay xang pha cén ES lai gia tang hon do dibu kin boi tron kém hon: - Hao mén bec d6 tryc khuju, truc cam d6ng ‘09: Mat d6 hiinh thanh cc kim loai Al, Cu va Pb bi hao mon trong dau di tron la két qua téng hop s! mai mon cia céc bac d6 true Kuju va truc cam hi mat 49 hinh thanh cdc kim loai nay (Al, Cu v¥% Pb) gia tang cing sy gia tang hao mon cum st Jogi bi mai mon nén a nhét du giém), Ill, Nhan xét vé két qua thye nghi¢m K&t qua do kiém va xir ly s6 gu sau ki thir inghigm hao man déng eg chay xang pha cbn ES va xng thi truémg M82 v6i chu trinh 455 gi chay thir nghiém cho ta rit ra m6t sé két luan sau: 1. B6 hao mén déng co (Hao mén séc-mang, xy- lanh, xu-pap, bac a6 tryc khuyu va truc cam) ‘a. Giai dogn tir sau khi chay ra (15 gid} dén 400 gle hoat déng (tong tng Io trinh'xe chay thyc t& ngoai duéng sa la khoang 8.000km, cdc thong s6 hoat déng cila dng co’ (cdng sudt, 4p suat nén xy- lanh) c6 chiéu huéng gia tang nhe digu nay chung t6 2 dong co due chay ra néng da tao duge dé kin kit t6t trong bung chay déng co. Giai éoan nay, c& 2 dong co hoat dong binh thuong, cha cé du higu hao mon xay ra khac biét gira 2 d6ng co. b. Giai doan tlr 100 - 220 gid hoat déng (tong ng 16 trinh xe chay thyc t& ngoai dudng sé tir 8.000 - 17.400 km), c& 2 dong co xe 6 t6 tai hoat dng binh thusng, chu 6 déu higu hao mon dng 8 nao an hwéng dén ché dé hoet dng cia dong co. Trong giai dogn nay, c8 2 d6ng co dbu duy tl duge céng sudt, tinh nding lém vige cia’2loai nhién ligu trén 2 dng co la tong durong nhau. c. Giai doan ti 220 - 370 giéy hoat dong (tong ting 10 trinh xe chay thye té ngoai during sé tir 17.400 - 29.000 km), c& 2 dong co déu 6 du higu hao mon. Béng co’ chay xang ES ¢6 dau higu bi hao ‘mon cym truyén dong (sec-mang, xy-lanh, xu-pap, bac a6 truc khuju va true cam déng ca). Trong khi 6, d6ng co chay xéng th] trudng M92 vn duy tr ‘duc ché 49 hoat dong, mize 6 hao mon trén dong co’ nay 06 du higu gia téng cham hon so véi dong co chay xang ES. d. Giai dogn 370 - 455 giév hoat dng (twong ting Ip trinh xe chay thyc t6 ngoai dvong s4 tir 29,000 - 36.000 km), cd 2 dng co déu bj anh hung hao mén tir cum truyén dng cia dong co. KKhi xe chey thir nghiem dat dn ig trinh nay, dong co’ bj mai mon theo théi gian si dung Ia khong {ranh khéi. 86i v6i déng co chay xéing E5, do bi anh huéng cia lugng cén chay khong kip trong budng "961 (do An nhigt héa hon cia cBn cao hon xing) lam giém kha nang mang bi tron bé mat lam viec {ita séc-mang va thanh xy-lanh, d&n téi hao mon Séo-méng. Khi o6 sy hao mon, lot khi tir bubng thay xuéng caceter d6ng co’ din ra, két qua lam ‘ong 69 boi tron ota nhét may va dan t6i kha nang indi mon cA cym truyén dong gia tang. Banh gid ting thé trong gial doan nay, c@ 2 dong co du bj PETROVIETNAM hao mon, dong co chay xang ES bj hao mon gia tang hon dng co chay xang thi trréng nhung mire 6 hao mén cia 2 dong co déu khéng dang ké ndm_ trong gi6i han cho phép. 2. Bic tinh kinh t6 ky thuét (Céng sudt déng co va tiéu hao nhién ligu) a, Cée hao mén trén cum truyén dong (sec mang, xy-lanh, xu-pap, bac 06 true Khuyu va true cam dong co) la khong aang kB trong thoi gian dai thd nghigm 455 gi. Mire hao man nay anh huéag kehong dang k& dén cong suét may, vi hign trang 2 ‘d6ng co’ sau khi thir nghigm vn con t6t khong o6 gl kde bigt nhiu so v6i lic ban du. Trong trong hhgp nay, cOng sudt dong co phy thude vao lwong nhién liéu nap vo budng chay dét sinh céng. . Sau 455 gid chay thir nghiém tong dueng 16 trinh xe chay thuc té ngoai dudng s la 36,000km, c& hai déng co au bi, gidm cong suat may, tuy nhién mirc gidm céng suét la khong dang k&. B6i véi dong co chay xang ES, cOng sudt giém 1,887%, mic giam it hon céng sudt cla déng co chay xang thi trréng M92 (gidm 2,242%). c. Thiy nghigm mic tiéu hao nhién ligu trong aidu kign ché 46 ther nghiém khdc nghiét (chay llén tye & 95% mize tai dong co va s6 vong quay cure dai 5.500 vong/phut) cho thay mirc tiéu hao nihign ligu cia d6ng co chay xang ES tou tén nhidu hon 2,955% so véi dong co chay xang thi trgéng M92. Tuy nhién, néu tinh mirc tiéu hao nihién ligu trung binh cia dong co’ trong c& qué trinh thir nghiém (tong duong ché a6 chay xe thye t8 ngoal duéng sa) thi, dong co chay xang ES tieu t6n it hon 0,653% so vei dong co chay xing thi trréng M92. 3. Khuyén céo cho ngudi sir dung 18 duy tri dibu kign boi tron t6t cho cum truyén 66ng clla déng co nham gidm thiéu sy hao mon xay ra, diéu cn thit Ia phal o6 chu ky thay du nhét may cla dng co chay xing E5 sém hon so voi d6ng co chay xéing thi trong. Tuy nhién thoi gian rit ngén hon bao nhiéu lal phy thude vao diéu kién sir dyng cy thé va phai cé nghian ctu KY hom ve cdc van d® thay du nhét méy. Twong ty, d6i voi cdc cchi tit khac nhu chu ky thay méi seo-méng, xu-pap cing phy thugc nhiéu vao yéu té sir dung. Mét sé dAu higu c&n thay méi sec-mang nhu hi cng suat idm yu, c6 hign twong du suc en bung chay, xe thai khéi den hoac cha c6 khéi den nhung khi xd 6 du higu vi pham va tu chudn & nhiém moi tredng thi phai thay méi hoae dimg lwu théng xe hu cée nue phat trién do tieu chudn bao vé méi truding khéc khe. niu Ket -<602000 5 HOA - CHE BIEN DAU KHi 4, Banh gid téng thé ‘2, Theo dénh gid chung, sau khi thir nghigm hao man dng co trong thoi gian dai 445 git, phan ln thot gian dOng co phai hoat dng trong didu ign kh nghiet (95% mize tai déng oa, van tbe tbi a 5.500 vona/phit), d bén ca 2 dong co gidm tir 1,887% dén 2.242%, b. V8 mat kj thuat, nu 66 bign phap can thiep trén duéng nap nhién ligu xang pha cn tét hon (bdo dim rang 100% long cén du da héa hoi ‘ru6e khi vao trong xy-lanh déng co) thi khéng ob hign twrong lam long nhét may, lam gkém kha néng mang bO\ tron gitva thanh xy-lanh va sec-méng, khi 46 vn &8 hao mén trén dong co’ str dung nhién gu sinh hoc 06 thé dign ra twong duong, khéng cé sy Kae bigt nao so v6i xéng thi trréng, IV. két un ‘Sau 3 giai doan thi nghiém xang pha con, Trung tam Nohién ciru va Phat trién Cha bién Dau kn thuéc Vign Dau khi Vigt Nam da hoan day di céc luan ching nghién cxtu khoa hoc quan trong vé téc a6ng cla xang pha én dén hoat d9ng ciia dong ca so véi xaing thi rwbng da trién khai thye té Ung dung xang pha cin trén cdc phuong tign giao théng va gép phan dinh huéng sit dung nhien liu sinh hoc cho nguoi tiéu cing. ng thei, Trung tam da thir nghigm tén trib bao quan x2ing pha cén bling bé chira ngam trong diéu kign thy t8, Bay la can cir thye tién cho cdc €on vi san xudt kinh doanh xing ddu 6 ké hoach chuén bj t chi sén xudt va phan ph6i loal nhieén ligu nay ra thi trubng 52 DAU Kul. £6 «12000 Tai ligu tham khao 1. B6 an phat tién nhién ligu sinh hoc dén nm 2015, tém nhin aén ném 2025 86 177/2007/0B-TTg rngay 20/11/2007. 2. K6 hoach va Chuong trinh trién khai céc dur 4n Nhién liu sinh hoc cia Tép dodn Dau khi Vigt Nam dén n&m 2015, tam nhin dén nam 2025 sb 1158/QD-DKVN ngay 24/02/2009. 3. Nguy8n Ngoc Digp. Ethanol-one of Promising Fue! Using for internal Combustion Engines. International Conference on Automotive Technology, Hanoi, October 24-28, 2002. 4, E. Brandes, D.-H. Frobese and M. MITU. Safe Characteristics of EthanoVAutomotive Petrol Mixtures. 5. J. L. Smith and J. P. Workman, Alcohol for Motor Fuels 6. Zlata Muzikovd, Milan Pospisil, Jaroslav Cemy, Water tolerance of petrolethano! blends. ISSN 0350-350X, GOMABN 47, 1, 44-53. 7. AVL. Blending of Ethanol in Gasoline for ‘Spark Ignition Engines. AVL. MTC Motortestcenter ‘AB, No, 8050407, May 2006. 8. Korotney D. Water Phase Separation in Oxygenated Gasoline. wun.epa.govictag/regs/Tuslsifglwaterphs. pdf 9. French R., Malone P. Phase equilibria of ethanol fuel blends. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 228-229, 27-40, 2005, 10. Gramajo de Doz M. B. Water Tolerance ‘and Ethanol Concentration in Ethanol-Gasoline. Fuels at Three Temperatures. Energy & Fuels, 18, 334-397, 2004. es PETROVIETNAM Khd nang str dung condensate tai Viét Nam va khu vuc Déng Nam Anhdam tan dung céng sudt phan xudng CCR clia NMLD Dung Quét ThS. Trinh Ngoc Trung KS. Trinh Thi Thanh Huong, KS. Lé Duong Hal, KS. Hoang Manh Hing KS. Lé Héng Nguyén, : ‘ThS. H8 Thi MY Hanh, KS. La Anh Thao ign Dau kat Vigt Nam KS. VO Ngge Quan, KS. Nguyén Phd Quy Anh Céng ty TNHH 4 TV Loc hod déu Binh Son Bai béo nay dé cp dén kha néing str dung condensate tei Vit Nam va Khu vue Béng Nam A nhém ‘én dung cong suét phan xudng reforming xtc tac (COR) tai nha may loc déu Dung Quét, Nhdm téc gia sir dung phén mém m6 phéng Proll va quy hoach tuyén tinh LP (Linear Programming) dé dénh gié vé hai hurong dién ky thuat va kin té cila cac phuong 4n. Viéc str dung céc ngudn condensate tai Vi6t Nam va trong khu we Béng Nam A dé bé sung cho phan xuéng CCR s6 dim bao céng suét host déng cia phan xung COR, déng thot cting dem Iai higu qué kinh té cao hon so véi vige sir dung cée nguén naphtha. Kat qué nghién cu nay 1a co sé tu vén cho Céng ty TNHH 1 TV Loc hoa ddu Binh Son nang cao higu qué hoat dong cia nha may loc déu Dung Quét. Nha may loo du Dung Quét_suét van hanh eda phan xuéng _nghién etry phuong én sir dung ang trong giai Goan khi @gng— COR gidm xuéng cin 17.000 _ngudn condensate & Viet Nam va van hanh thi va dy kién 6 bat thingingay (wong duong 60% trong khu wwe nam tn dung Bu van hanh chink thitc vao céng suat tht ké). Do d6, a8 tan Ong sudt phan xwéng CCR cba thang 10 nim 2009. B ap tng dung durgc t6i da cong sult phan nha may. chat luong xang 66 tri s6 octan_xuéng CCR edn tim kiém nguen - a0 theo yéu cu thi tiveng, edu nguyén ligu bd sung. Nguén |. Banh gid v8 phwong hinh nha may d8 duge bé sung nguyén ligu o6 thd bd sung la thudt Ky. them phan xuéng ddng phan naphtha (da xt ly va chua xij) 1. Anh huéng cite vige bé | héa (ISOMER) so v6i thiét kb hoc condensate, Trong bal bdo sung condensate dén céng __ ban dau. Bidu 46 lam cho céng nay, nhém tdc gid tap trung sud ede phan xuéng Dhu Kit 56 02000 53 HOA - CHE BIEN DAU KHi le = Stl Bn Nghién eit ede phyong an tan dung cong sut cia phan xuéng CCR cho thay kha nang 8 sung cat loai condensate Lan Tay, Rong B6i va Cakerawala mang tinh kha thi cao do nguén ccung condensate dbi dao, tr lzong condensate lon va gid condensate ré hon so véi gid naphtha. Condensate Viét Nam hau hét 18 condensate got nhe va twong a6i sach v6i ty trong trong knoang 0,7494-0,8424, ham lvgng lvu huynh trong khoang 0,0218-0,05 %kI, thanh phn naphtha chiém tir 50-80 % thé tich va ham luong tap chét Khéng cao. San lugng conden- sate & Viét Nam khé ddi dao. Theo dinh huréng phat tin kin 16 lau dai condensate sé la gun nguyén ligu quy gid cho héa_ddu va ce nganh céng nahigp kha. & thém ive dia phia Nam Vigt Nam o6 ba be trim tich MME 54 Au Kwt - 26 212000 Hinh 1. So db cong nghé nha may (06 kha ning khal théc daw khi thyong mai la bé Cizu Long, b& Nam Con Son va bé Malay - Tho Chu véi téng tré Ivgng conden- sate dén nam 2025 woe tinh khong 21 trigu tén, tép trung & ‘cde mé cia bé Ciru Long va Nam Cén Son. San lugng khai thée ‘condensate noi dia trung bin khong trén 1 trigu téninam va thép nhét 1a 0,42 tigu téninam yao nam 2009. Ngoai cae nguén condensate trong nuéc, cdc nguén condensate trong khu vue, d&c bigt [8 condensate Cakerawala (Malaysia) v6i tinh cohdt tuong d6i giéng hu tinh chat condensate Vigt Nam va san lwong khoang 4,000 thingingay cing thich hop sir ‘dyng lam nguyén ligu 48 bé sung ccho nha may loc dau Dung Qué. \Vigc ya chon phurong n bd ‘sung condensate cing c&n dug can nhac dya trén cdc de tinh vvé ky thuat cia céc phan xuéng, mate — — — utc, ‘Dya theo cac dac tinh ky thuat cia phan xuéng NHT va theo ¥ kidn 8 xudt cia tw vin JGC thi phan xuéng NHT 6 kha ning chay qua cing suat dén 117% ma khong cin phai thay adi niu v8 thiétké, Nhu vay €6 thé xem xét phurong én b8 sung con- densate dé tang cng sudt phan xuOng NHT them 17% va déng thei gi nguyén nhist 66 cét phan doan naphtha cla phan paréng CDU, Nhém téc gid 48 sir dyng ccéc phén mam LP va PRO Il d8 ‘anh gid téc dOng fn sy thay ai v8 cong sudt céc phan xvéng, ‘thanh phan cdc phan doan, cov c&u san phim va Igi nhuan 6p cela nha may khi b8 sung them condensate Lan Tay (LT), Rong Gi (RO) va Cakerawala (Cake) Theo Hinh 2 trong truémg hap b8 sung lugng condensate tuong img 48 tang odng sudt phan xuréng NHT thém 17%, con- ee, 140% 120% s 100%

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