OEO108230 LTE eRAN7.0 CS Fallback Feature ISSUE 1.00

LTE eRAN7.
0 CS
Fallback Feature
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Foreword
 In the early phase of EPS construction, operators who own a
mature UTRAN, GERAN, or CDMA2000 1xRTT network can
protect their investments in legacy CS networks and reduce
their investments in the EPS by using legacy CS networks to
provide CS services and using the EPS to provide PS services.
Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2
Objectives
 Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Understand the procedure of CS Fallback
 Describe the required configurations for CS Fallback feature
Contents
1. CS Fallback Overview
2. CS Fallback Procedure
3. CS Fallback Processing and Configuration
4. CS Fallback Enhancement
LTE Voice Solution
 From a technological perspective, there are two standard
solutions to provide CS services for E-UTRAN UEs:
CS Fallback Overview
Call redirection to
2G/3G
Voice request in LTE
LTE coverage
2G/3G coverage
Contents
Network Architecture for CS Fallback
to UTRAN/GERAN
SGs
Combined EPS/IMSI Attach Procedure
CS Fallback to UTRAN
 Based on the capabilities of UEs and networks, the following
mechanisms are available for an eNodeB to perform CS Fallback
to UTRAN
 CS Fallback based on PS redirection
 Flash CS Fallback(with RIM)
 CS Fallback based on PS handover

 Flash CS Fallback(Blind handover)

CS Fallback Based on PS Redirection(UMTS)
RAN Information Management (RIM) Procedure
 To support Flash CS Fallback, eNodeB requires exchange

information between E-UTRAN and GERAN/UTRAN through the
core networks.
GSM/UMTS RIM :
RAN
LTE Core
Core information
exchanging
SGSN MME
BSC/RNC
2G/3G LTE
Access Access
RIM Configuration

CS Fallback Based on PS Handover(UMTS)
CS Fallback Procedure for terminated
Calls(UMTS)
CS Fallback to GERAN
 Based on the capabilities of UEs and networks, the following
mechanisms are available for an eNodeB to perform CS Fallback
to GERAN
 CS Fallback based on PS redirection
 Flash CS Fallback(with RIM)
 CS Fallback based on PS handover

 Flash CS Fallback(Blind handover)
 CS Fallback based on CCO/NACC

 CCO is short for “cell change order”
 NACC is short for “network assistant cell change”

CS Fallback Based on CCO/NACC(GERAN)
CSFB For SMS and LCS service
 SMS:
 SMS messages are encapsulated in NAS messages, exchanged
over the SGs interface, no need for CSFB
 LCS
 If the EPS does not support LCS, CSFB is applied

Contents
Decisions of eNodeB in CS Fallback
 For CSFB, eNodeB performs decisions in the following steps:
 Triggering phase
 Decides whether to perform CS Fallback in the form of a blind handover
 Measurement phase
 Decides and delivers the inter-RAT measurement configuration to the UE
 Decision phase
 Evaluates the measurement results and determine the target cell
 Execution phase
 Selects a CSFB mechanism
Triggering phase – Blind or Measurement
Based
 In triggering phase, the setting of BlindHoSwitch affects the
Choosing Between “Blind Handover” and “Measurement-based
Handover”:
UE RAT
BlindHoSwitch Measurement eNodeB ‘s Decision
Capability
Yes Inter-RAT measurement

OFF
No Blind Redirection
ON N/A Blind Handover
Triggering phase – CSFB AlgoSwitch
 Configuration of HoAlgoSwitch
Triggering phase – BlindHoSwitch
 Configuration of Blind Handover Switch
Triggering phase – Target Selection
 In case of Blind HO(or redirection) , eNodeB decides the CS
Fallback target based on the priorities:
 Priority of the target RAT for blind handover:
 InterRatHighestPri, InterRatSecondPri, and InterRatLowestPri
 blind handover priority of the specific cell:

 BlindHoPriority
Triggering phase – Target RAT Blind
Handover Priority
 Configuration of Target RAT Blind Handover Priority
Triggering phase – Target Cell Blind
Handover Priority
 Configuration of Target cell Blind Handover Priority
Triggering phase – Target Selection
 In case of measurement based CS Fallback, eNodeB selects
target , and sends the UE the measurement configuration,
include :
 RAT
 Frequencies
Measurement Phase – Configure
measurement and Gap
 In Measurement based CS Fallback, eNodeB configures B1 to
UE:
 Entering condition: Mn + Ofn - Hys > Thresh
 Leaving condition: Mn + Ofn + Hys < Thresh
 The B1 thresholds are different from those of handover:

 CS FallbackHoUtranB1ThdRscp
 CS FallbackHoUtranB1ThdEcn0
 CS FallbackHoGeranB1Thd
Measurement Phase – B1 Event Threshold
 Configuration of CS Fallback B1 event threshold:
Decision Phase – Target cell
 In Measurement based CS Fallback, eNodeB determine target
cell based on B1 reports
 For blind CSFB, the target cell selecting is introduced

previously(introduced in “Triggering phase – Target Selection”,
based on )
Execution Phase – Select the Mechanism
 In Measurement based CS Fallback, eNodeB select the
Mechanism based on:
 PS handover switch
 UE handover capability
 Flash CSFB switch
 CCO/NACC switch(for CSFB to GERAN)
Execution Phase
 PS Handover Switch
 Flash CSFB Switch
Execution Phase
 NACC/CCO Switch
 Redirection Switch
Contents
LAI Based CSFB
 LAI Based CSFB is required in 2 scenarios:
 Multi-PLMN or national roaming scenario
 To achieve CS fallback to a specified target network
 Multiple location areas scenario

 To select a CSFB target cell with the same LAC , to avoid LAU
procedure
Principle of LAI Based CSFB
 MME delivers the LAI information to the eNodeB, which include
PLMN ID and TAC
 eNodeB takes the actions ：

 In a blind handover（redirection):
 according to PLMN ID, TAC , blind-handover priority
 In a measurement based handover(redirection):

 based on PLMN ID, TAC and signal quality
CS/PS Steering Based E2U CSFB
 Based on the network plan or load balancing requirements , if
UTRAN is selected for CSFB, eNodeB transfer UEs to a specified
UTRAN frequencies:
 For Blind handover(redirection), the eNodeB selects UTRAN
frequencies with the highest CS service priority
 For measurement-based handover(redirection)

 If UE supports, the eNodeB instructs the UE to measure only the
frequencies with the highest CS service priority
CS/PS Steering Interaction with LAI CSFB
 If CS Fallback with LAI to UTRAN and E-UTRAN to UTRAN CS/PS
Steering are enabled, the eNodeB performs CSFB as follows:
 In a blind handover(redirection), the eNodeB selects the
frequencies based on PLMN ID firstly , then CS service priority, at
last based on LAC.
 In a measurement based handover(redirection), the eNodeB selects

measurement targets based on the PLMN ID first , then based on
CS service priority
CSFB Flexible Steering
 CSFB flexible steering provides a flexible method to select a
target frequency
 CSFB flexible steering applies to UEs in idle mode and

connected mode differently:
 In case of “Initial Context Setup Request” message, the UE is in
idle mode, and only CS service is required
 In case of “UE Context Modification Request ” message, UE is in

connected mode, both CS and PS services are requested
CSFB Flexible Steering for Idle Mode
 The eNodeB selects a target RAT based on RAT priority, which
are configured by Idle CSFB priority
 If UTRAN is selected, the frequency selection is based on
“UtranNFreq.CsPriority” parameter
 The eNodeB selects a CSFB mechanism based on the setting of

the CSFallBackPolicyCfg
CSFB Flexible Steering for Connected Mode
 The eNodeB selects a target RAT based on RAT priority, which
are configured by “MOD CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCFG”
 If UTRAN is selected, the frequency selection is based on
“UtranNFreq.CsPsMixed” Priority parameter
 The eNodeB selects a CSFB mechanism based on the setting of

the CSFallBackPolicyCfg
Enhanced Blind Handover based CSFB
 In order to avoid the failures of blind handover, A1
measurement is configured to ensure the handover’s reliability
CsfbAdaptiveBlind
BlindHoSwitch eNodeB ‘s Decision
HoSwitch
ON A1 based adaptive HO
ON
OFF Direct Blind HO
Enhanced Redirection based CSFB
 In redirection procedure, eNodeB select the top N cells’, based
on:
 For blind redirection, according to “blind-handover priority” in
descending order
 For measurement based redirection, according to reported signal

strength in descending order
Load based CSFB to UTRAN
 During load-based CSFB to UTRAN, the eNodeB selects a target
UTRAN cell in the following order of priority:
 Cell whose load status is normal
 Congested cell
 Overloaded cell
 UTRAN Cell load is obtained by RIM procedure
Redirection-based CSFB Optimization for
UEs in Idle Mode (New Introduced in
eRAN7.0
Summary
Thank you
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OEO108230 LTE eRAN7.0 CS Fallback Feature ISSUE 1.00

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LTE eRAN7.

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Describe the required configurations for CS Fallback feature

3. CS Fallback Processing and Configuration

Voice request in LTE

3. CS Fallback Processing and Configuration

 CS Fallback based on PS handover

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 To support Flash CS Fallback, eNodeB requires exchange

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 CS Fallback based on PS handover

 CS Fallback based on CCO/NACC

 NACC is short for “network assistant cell change”

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

3. CS Fallback Processing and Configuration

Yes Inter-RAT measurement

ON N/A Blind Handover

 blind handover priority of the specific cell:

 Leaving condition: Mn + Ofn + Hys < Thresh

 The B1 thresholds are different from those of handover:

 For blind CSFB, the target cell selecting is introduced

 Flash CSFB switch

 CCO/NACC switch(for CSFB to GERAN)

 Flash CSFB Switch

3. CS Fallback Processing and Configuration

 Multiple location areas scenario

 eNodeB takes the actions ：

 In a measurement based handover(redirection):

 For measurement-based handover(redirection)

 In a measurement based handover(redirection), the eNodeB selects

 CSFB flexible steering applies to UEs in idle mode and

 In case of “UE Context Modification Request ” message, UE is in

 The eNodeB selects a CSFB mechanism based on the setting of

 The eNodeB selects a CSFB mechanism based on the setting of

 For measurement based redirection, according to reported signal

 UTRAN Cell load is obtained by RIM procedure

3. CS Fallback Processing and Configuration

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