PURA ACADEMY, CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE

INC. ARTS FROM THE REGIONS

S.Y. : 2020-2021 GRADE LEVEL: 12 (HUMMS)

SECOND SEMETER
TEACHER: BERNADETTE B. REYES

CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM

THE REGIONS
 PURA ACADEMY, CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE
INC. ARTS FROM THE REGIONS

S.Y. : 2020-2021 GRADE LEVEL: 12 (HUMMS)

SECOND SEMETER
Week: 1 TEACHER: BERNADETTE B. REYES

MODULE 1:
Contemporary Art Forms in The Philippines
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
 Defines Contemporary Art.

 Identify the major contemporary art forms in the Philippines

 Describes the contemporary art forms in the Philippines.

 Describes their practices from the various regions,

 Learners will broaden and acquire the necessary creative tools that open opportunities in
pursuing their individual career goals and aspiration.

INTRODUCTION:

First, one needs to be clear about what the term contemporary art has come
to mean. This lesson will teach us everything about arts produced by Filipino artists
rooted from their own culture and tradition. Various contemporary art practices from
every region will also be included. At the end of this lesson, you will be able to
understand what Contemporary Art and their practices from various regions is.

DISCUSSION
What is contemporary Arts?

 Art produced at the present period in time, includes

and develops from postmodern art, which is itself a
successor to Modern art.
 Art made and produced by artist living today.
 Statement that an artist makes about life, thoughts,
ideas, beliefs, and many other things that define human
life. Simultaneously reflects the realities and values of
our society, its variety portrays the mosaic of our
cultural diversity is culture.

2
 Contemporary art is the art of today, produced by artists who are living in the
twenty-first century.
 Contemporary art of the 21st century may combine elements of
performance, painting, sculpture, dance, and many other media. It
draws on the movements of modern art, including minimalism and
assemblage art, to create dynamic pieces that aim to challenge the
viewer and spark thought. Many contemporary artists use their work to
comment on cultural and political issues, including race, human rights,
economic inequality, and global conflict. As the world continues to
change and impact human life on a large scale, art continues to
experiment with new ways of reaching its audience.

 TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE ARTS

Guide Questions:

The 7 Major Contemporary Art Forms in the Philippines

1. Music
- art form that appeals to the sense of hearing, composed by combining notes into
harmony.
2. Literature
- art form of language through the combined use of words, creating meaning and
experience.
3. Theater
- Art form of performance. Dramatic text is portrayed on stage by actors and actresses
and are enhanced by props, lights and sounds. form of art in which artists use their
voices and/or their bodies, often in relation to other objects, to convey artistic
expression.
4. Film
- a technological translation 1 of theater, special effects are utilized to
enhance the story telling
5. Dance
- art of the human form, body is used, mobilized and choreographed in a specific time,
form and space.

3
 6. Architecture, Designs and Allied Arts - structure that meant to be used as shelter, its
art relies on the design and purpose of the structure.

7. Visual Arts
- Artwork, such as painting, photography, or sculpture, that appeals primarily to the
visual sense and typically exists in permanent form.

I. Contemporary Art Practices from Various Regions

DANCE
Tinikling - Philippine dance which involves two individual performers hitting bamboo
poles, using them to beat, tap, and slide on the ground, in co-ordination with one or
more dancers who steps over and in between poles
Cariñosa - is a Philippine national dance from the María Clara suite of Philippine folk
dances.

DESIGN AND ART PURPOSE

LAPU-LAPUS SHRINE

Is a 20-meter bronze statue located in the Mactan Shrine in Punta Engaño, Mactan
Island, Cebu.The statue was erected to honor Rajah Lapu-Lapu, the native chieftain of
Mactan Island who defeated Ferdinand Magellan during historic battle of Mactan in 1521.

4
DANCE

HALADAYA FESTIVAL - The northernmost town of Cebu, Daanbantayan, celebrates

a festival in honor of the warrior Datu Daya of Kandaya.

Sinulog- Sinulog Festival – Dance ritual of the miraculous image of Sto. Niño.

ARCHITECTURE - BAGUIO

5
 BURNHAM PARK

VISUAL ARTS

Spoliarium painting of Juan Luna

6
ASSESSMENT

Lesson 1: Activity 1
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Direction, Read the sentence carefully, select the
letter of your choice and place it on your answer sheet.
1. It is a modern art form means that photograph is now viewed as being more
than just beautiful. It also considered one of the most powerful means of
education.
a. Photography as an art
b. Photography as Communication
c. Photography as an artist
d. Photographer

2.  Actors learn to express themselves without exaggerated facial expression

and gestures used stage.
a. Acting
b. Film making
c. Film
d. Actors

3. Juan Luna is from what province in region 1

a. Ilocos Norte
b. Ilocos Sur
c. La Union
d. Pangasinan

4. What is the famous painting of Juan Luna that won first place in Madrid,
Spain?

a. Spolaruim
b. Spollarium
c. Spolarium
d. Spoliarium

5. Contemporary art is art created in the

a. 19th century
b. 21st century
c. 18th century
d. 17th century

6. Who is the father of Philippine painting?

a. Damian Domingo
b. Juan Luna
c. Felix Hidalgo
d. Lorenzo Abad
7
 7. art of the human form
a. Dance
b. OPM
c. Theater
d. Visual Arts

II. Write True or False on the following statements:

8. A technological translation of theater is MUSIC.

9. Dramatic text is portrayed on stage by actors and actresses and are

enhanced by props, lights and sounds is THEATER

10. Art form of performance → Theater

Lesson 1: Activity 2

IDENTIFICATION

1. Art which is continuously in process and continues to be produced during our lifetime
is _____________________.

2. Simultaneously reflects the realities and values of our society, its variety portrays the
mosaic of our cultural diversity is ___________________.

3. Process by which the artist creates by means of movement, space, spontaneity, and the
uniqueness of the movement is __________________.

4. National Artist in Painting in 1976; Father of Modern Filipino Painting is ____.

5. What are the 7 major Philippines Art Forms? Give example of each form.

6. Composed by combining notes into harmony is Music.

8
Lesson 1: Activity 3
INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY

Instruction:
In your own words, kindly explain the different art forms, sample Filipino artists and
the title of their arts. (Teacher will provide rubrics as a tool for scoring)

Art Forms Artists Title of the Art

FILM
VISUAL ARTS
LITERATURE
MUSIC
THEATER
DANCE
ARCHITECTURE
Lesson 1: Activity 4

( D) PERFORMANCE TASK:
COLLAGE MAKING - the activity will introduce the artistic skills which are already
enhanced. Artistic skills used in creating arts.

Make and create a collage presenting the cause and effect of climate change.

Procedure:

1. Gather pictures from any sources (internet, used magazine, etc.) cut into pieces.

2. Assemble the cut pieces.

3. Create figures that would represent the causes and effects of climate change.

4. Paste them to the manila paper.

5. Label the causes and the effects using the black pentel pen. Put a title to your
collage.

9
 PURA ACADEMY, CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE
INC. ARTS FROM THE REGIONS

S.Y. : 2020-2021 GRADE LEVEL: 12 (HUMMS)

SECOND SEMETER
Week: 2 TEACHER: BERNADETTE B. REYES

MODULE 2:
DISCUSS VARIOUS ART FORMS FOUND IN THE PHILIPPINES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

1. to identify the various art forms in the Philippines.

2. To discuss the various art forms in the Philippines.

INTRODUCTION:
In the previous lesson, we defined Contemporary art as the art of today, produced by artists
who are living in the twenty-first century.
There are various art forms in the Philippines. The seven major forms are:
VISUAL ARTS, LITERATURE,MUSIC,THEATER,FILM,DANCE, and ARCHITECTURE

ACTIVITY 1
WORDY CHALLENGE!
PHILIPPINES
VARIOUS  IN THE

ART  FOUND 
FORMS

From the disarranged words, what should be our topic. Explain in few words the arrange
words you discover. (The teacher will make rubrics for scoring)

10
DISCUSSION

MUSIC INSTRUMENTS OF FILIPINOS USED

1. The flat gong commonly known as Gangsa and played by
the groups in the Cordillera region of the bossed gongs
played among the Islam and animist groups in the Southern
Philippines.
2. Solibao is hallow wooden Igorot drug topped with pig skin
or lizard skin this is played by striking the drum head using
the palm of the hand.
3. Tongatong is a bamboo percussion instrument used by the
people of Kalinga to communicate with spirits during house
blessings. It is made of bamboo cut in various lengths. When
you hit it against soft earth a certain drone reverberates
though the instrument’s open mouth. When an entire set of Tongatong is played in interloping
rhythm and prolonged with the tribal chanting, it could put the audience and the dancers in a
trance.
4. Diwdiw-asis 5 or more different size of slender bamboo that is tied together
5. Saggeypoit is a bamboo pipe that is closed on one end by a node with the open end held
against the lower lip of the player as he blows directly across the top. The pipe can be played
individually by one person or in ensembles of three or more.
6. Bungkaka - Bamboo buzzer
7. Kulintang - refers to a racked gong chime instrument played in the southern islands of the
Philippines, along with its varied accompanying ensembles.
8. Rondalla is performed on ensembles comprising mandolin instruments of various sizes called
banduria composed on the Iberian tradition.

SONGS PLAYED BY FILIPINOS

OPM (Original Pilipino Music) - originally referred only to Philippine pop songs, particularly
ballad
Harana and Kundiman - In the 1920s Harana and Kundiman became more mainstream
musical styles

EXAMPLES OF ARTS FOUND IN THE PHILIPPINES?

Visual Arts

11
 Spoliarium painting of Juan Luna

Sculptures Nine Muses by Napoleon Abueva (1976)

The
Sketch, Portrait of the Professor, and Poinsettia Girl

12
ASSESSMENT
Lesson 2: Activity 2
1. It is a form of art that refers to the staging and execution of a production like drama,
opera, festivals.
a. Dance
b. Architecture
c. Theater
d. Sculpture
2. Refers to a racked gong chime instrument played in the southern islands of the
Philippines, along with its varied accompanying ensembles.
a. Kulintang
b. Rondalla
c. Bungkaka
d. Tongatong
3. Identify the 7 major arts form in the Philippines.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
4. Is OPM considered a contemporary art?
a. Yes
b. No
5. Metropolitan is what contemporary art form in the Philippines?
a. Painting
b. Architecture
c. Dance
d. Theater

REMEMBER THESE:
1. After the Contemporary Art forms in the Philippines has been discussed,
there are seven major art forms found identified and commonly used by
Filipinos.
2. Original Filipino Music is another term for Filipino Pop Music.
3. Describing our own Filipino instruments played especially in the Cordillera
region and Southernmost region in Mindanao serve as our own identity of
enriching our culture and traditions.
4. Art forms usually appeals to the sense of seeing and hearing

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.( D) Lesson 2: Activity 3
Consider yourself as a Contemporary Artist in the 21 st century. In the seven
major forms of Contemporary arts, select one and explain your work.

Assessment: (Post-Test)
True or False questions

1. Artists are self-taught and did not have formal education

Originality is not issue in Contemporary Art.
o True
o False
2.  It is not restricted to individual experience, but it is reflective of the world we live in.
Event in the world having an effect to the Philippines 

o True
o False

Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best answer from among the given choices.
3. One of the most internationally renowned pieces of modern Filipino art. It now hangs
in the main gallery of the National Museum of the Philippines and is the first painting
to greet museum visitors.
A. Malliarium B. Selfie Post of Sarah Geronimo

C. Spolarium Painting by Juan Luna D. All of the Above

4. A human pursuit to imitate life and the world into something pleasing or beautiful
A. Contemporary Arts B. Art
C. Public Speaking D. Digital Art

References

file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/kupdf.net_contemporary-philippine-art-fromdocx.pdf

https://www.slideshare.net/PennVillanueva/the-introduction-to-contemporary-arts?
next_slideshow=1

https://www.academia.edu/38004240/Lesson_Plan_in_Contemporary_Philippine_ARTS_fro
m_the_Regions

14
 PURA ACADEMY, CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE
INC. ARTS FROM THE REGIONS

S.Y. : 2020-2021 GRADE LEVEL: 12 (HUMMS)

SECOND SEMETER
Week: 3 TEACHER: BERNADETTE B. REYES

MODULE 3:
Various Contemporary Art Forms
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
a. Identify the various contemporary art form
b. Identify the major periods, artists and artworks of Philippine art history
c. Define contemporary art by situating these within Philippine art.
d. Illustrate local example of contemporary arts through an interview or
through a place visit.
e. Distinguish traditional, modern, and contemporary styles in the visual arts
be able to interpret these by creating a self-portrait.
INTRODUCTION:
Art draws inspiration from the society and at the same time it honed by
the specific conditions that engendered its production.
Modern art referred to as Traditional compared to contemporary Art.
Contemporary art is the art of present, which is continuously in process and in
flux. It is what we call the art of today. This is what the module design to
distinguish the history from past to present art.
DISCUSSION

Various Contemporary Art Form

Speaking of art, there are many words that will always
pop up in our mind. When we say forms, classifications
we can name them one by one. Today, we will discuss
various art forms of contemporary arts.

15
 1. PRACTICAL ( Utalitarian) ART . This art is intended for practical for practical use
or utility. It is the changing of raw materials for utilitarian purposes. However, they
must possess ornaments or artistic qualities to make them useful and beautiful.

2. INDUSTRIAL ARTS. It is the changing of raw materials into some significant

products for human are shell craft, bamboo crafts, leather craft, pottery making, sheet
– metal work and manufacture of automobiles, home appliances and televisions set.

3. APPLIED / HOUSEHOLD ART. It refers mostly to household arts such as flower

arrangement, interior decoration, dress making, home – making, embroidery, cooking
and others.

4. CIVIC ART. This art includes city or town planning, maintenance, and beautification
of parks. This refer to beautification to improve the standards of living.

5. COMMERCIAL ART. It involves business propaganda in the form of

advertisements in newspapers and magazines, sign painting, billboard and
announcements, leaflets, displays, poster designing, movie illustrations and many
more.

6. GRAPHIC ART. It is anything printed from raised or sunken reliefs and plane
surfaces.

7. AGRICULTURAL ART. (crop production), horticulture (garden or orchard

cultivation), husbandry (raising of cows, carabaos, poultry and swine) and farming.

8. BUSINESS ART. This includes merchandising, accounting, bookkeeping,

typewriting, stenography, salesmanship, and business administration.

9. FISHERY ART. It includes shallow and deep-sea fishing, fish refrigeration and
culture, net weaving.

10. MEDICAL / CLINICAL ART. It includes first aid treatments, medical

manufacturing, surgery, medical operation, rehabilitations and other

Philippine Art History

I. Pre-Colonial Arts /
Ethnic Arts

Was there art before colonization?

In art chronicle terms,
we imply art a few times as of
late the coming of the
essential colonizers as “pre -
triumph”. In expound terms,
we insinuate to it as natural the thought that our forerunners, have been making art

16
 without a doubt a few times as of late colonization. It is also described in cultural
https://bit.ly/3i6nd0U
terms as “pre-colonial” as a term to use the general way of life before colonization. Although
the terms are interchangeable, it is also useful to keep these distinctions in mind when
studying the art of the past
In Pre – colonial Philippines, arts are for ritual purposes or for everyday use.
Art of the ancient Filipinos were woven into the fabric of everyday life. They do not
refer to art as we do today. That is, as an expression of an individual, and seen
largely in galleries and concert halls. They do not distinguish forms into different
categories like music, theater, visual arts, etc. Everyday expressions were all
integrated within rituals that marked significant moments in a community’s life, like
planting, harvesting, rites passage, funerary, ceremonies, weddings, among others.
(crafted from: Faludette May Datulin et. al, 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the
Regions p. 15)
Our ancestors, just like others in the world during those times, were hunter
gatherers. The forefathers hunted food and game that were shared among members
of a community in a gathering where they told stories about the hunt. They imitated
the movement of animals and prey, and the sounds that they made. But how do arts
apply?
In this simple activity alone evolved ritual, music, dance, theater and yes even
literature. When they told stories about the hunt, this form of oral story telling marked
the beginnings of the literature. When they imitated movements of the animals they
hunted, this marked the early beginnings of theater or play acting. When they learned
to add drum beating and attach rhythm to their movements, they have given birth to
music and dance
The pre- colonial peoples of the Philippines already possessed a varied and
vibrant musicale culture. The country’s indigenous cultures through the existence of
ethnic musical instruments such as pipes , flutes, zithers, drums, various string
instruments like kudyapi a three stringed guitar, the kulintang – an array bossed
gongs, the gansa or flat gong, bamboo percussion instruments, and the gong – large
bossed gong.

The following are the native dance forms imitated from the movements of
the animals:
1. Pangalay dance (Sulu) is mimetic of the movements of the sea birds
2. Mandaya’ Kinabua, Banog – banog (Higaonon & B’laan), and ma- manok
(Bagobos in Mindanao is imitated the movements of predatory birds.
3. Talip dance (Ifugao) that is used for courtship is mimetic of the movements of
wild fowls.
4. Inamo dance (Matigsalugs) and Kadaliwas dance (T’Boli) represent the
comedic movement of the monkey
5. Tinikling dance evocative of the movements of the crane, balancing itself on
stilt – like legs or flirting away from the clutches of bamboo traps.

Famous artworks during pre – colonial

1. Carving
 Bulul (Cordillera) a granary God that plays an important role in rituals
 Hagabi (Ifugao) a wooden bench
 Santos / sculptures of saints (Laguna and Pampanga)
 Okir (Tausug / Samal / Badjao) mythical sarimanok, the naga or serpent.
 Manunggul Jar discovered at Manunggul cave of Palawan
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 2. Weaving

 Textile weaving
a. Pis siyabit (Tausug of Sulu) a headpiece woven
b. Malong (Maranao of Lanao del Sur)

 Mat and basket weaving

a. Tepo mat (Sama of Tawi-Tawi) a double layered made of Pandan
leaves.
b. Ovaloid basket (Itbayat, Batanes) a head sling made of nito or
bamboo used to carry the harvests.
c. Bubo (Ilocos region) a sturdy bamboo strips used to trap the fish.

3. Ornamentation - representations of various ethnolinguistic groups.

a. Wearing gold jewelry (upper class Tagalog)
b. Tattooing (Visayan) it is believed to protect the individual from evil
spirits, it is also a sign of bravery and maturity.

II. ISLAMIC ERA

(13TH Century to the Present)

How did Islam

influence art before the
coming of Spanish
colonizers?
Islamic is characterized by
geometric designs and patter
5
selecting focus from the
believers. Even before the
coming of Spanish colonizers,
Islam was already well
entrenched in Southern
Philippines. Filipino Muslims recognize that they belong to an ummah or a community
Source: https://bit.ly/2VqsfLY

of believers. Central to the Islamic faith is the doctrine of or unity of God. This belief
emphasizes the impermanence of nature and the incomprehensible greatness of the Divine
Being.
In Islamic art we can observe how artist are influenced by the notion of the
Tawhid, we will find that the interior of mosques are covered with elaborate
patterning in the form of reliefs to draw the attention away from the concrete object,
in other words away from human forms and nature” toward the contemplation of the
divine” ( source: Faludette May Datulin et. al , 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of
the Regions p. 19)

Happenings during Islamic era

18
 1. Sultanate of Sulu was established Sayyid Abbubakar
2. Qura or holy text was introduced
3. Building of religious school called Madrasah
4. Natives from Yakans , Basilan and Zamboanga were converted to Islam
5. Islamazation process In Mindanao became strong.
6. Islam became the religion and as a way of life of people in Mindanao (Tausug,
Maranao, Maguindanao, Yakan, Samal, Badjao).

III. SPANISH
ERA
(1521 –
1898)
What kinds of art
developed during
Spanish Colonization?
Art became a hand
maiden of religion,
serving to propagate the
Catholic faith and thus
support the colonial
order at the same time. Religious orders were dispatched to convert the natives to
Catholicism as part of the
lhttps://bit.ly/2VqsfLYl l arger project culturally as
religious art, lowland Christian art or folk art. During this period, cruciform churches following
the shape of the latin cross were built. In keeping with the prevailing, they were
characterized by grandeur, drama, and elaborate details that purposely appealed to the
emotions. The use of adobe, limestone or brick and the construction of thick buttresses or
wing like projections reinforce the church structure to make it more resistant to earthquake.
In other words, the result is a fusion of both native and European elements, prompting some
art historians to refer to the style as colonial baroque or Philippine or tropical baroque.
(source: Faludette May Datulin et. al, 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the Regions p.
31)

6 Spanish era
Important Happenings related to art during
 Chinese artisans were engaged in making icons or saints made in
wood or ivory
 Colonial churches were built
 Western musical instruments were introduced, pipe organ, violin,
guitar, and piano
 Catholic liturgical music was introduced in 1742
 Choral music to boys were introduced and created the first Filipino
composers named Marcelo Adonay (1848 – 1928)
 Musical form based on Catholic faith have emerge in the Pasyon – the
biblical of Christ’s passion chanted in an improvise melody.
 Secular music was formed; the awit and the corridor – these were the
two musical forms based on European literature and history.
 Kundiman became a vehicle for conflict – the lyrics were that of
unrequited love, except that the love object was the Philippines who
would be cleverly concealed as beautiful woman.

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  Mangyans made the baybayin script made of bamboo poles cut into
smaller nodes that are carved used to composed short poems,
expressing one’s feelings and other emotional concers.Pomp and
pageantry of religious processions were introduced.
 Zarzuela was introduced, it was an opera which features singing and
dancing with prosed dialogue which allowed the story to be carried out
in a song.
 Severino Reyes and Hermogenes Ilagan were awarded as the most
distinguished playwrights as they wrote zarzuela in Tagalog
 Honorata “ Atang” dela Rama awardeded as the most celebrated
leading actress
 The first Senakulo was written in 1704 by Gaspar Aquino de Belen
 Komedya were also introduced; komedya de santo (it centers on life of
Christ ) and Secular Komedya.
 Folk dances such as carinosa, pandango, polka , dansa and rigodon,
habanera, and tango were introduced.
 Visual arts, and paintings must be visual interpretation of biblical texts
center to Catholic devotion ex. Heaven Earth and Hell by Jose Dans
( 1850)
 Reprographic art of printmaking was introduced, Doctrina Christiana is
an example, the first printed book in the Philippines compiling song
lyrics, commandments, sacraments and other catechetical material.
 Juan Luna ( Spolarium) won gold medals and Felix Resurrection
Hidalgo (Virgenes christianas expuestas al populacho) won silver
medals

Famous Artists and their artworks during Spanish era:

Visual Arts:
1. Damian Domingo – water color albums of tipos
2. Juan Luna – Spoliarium, Espana y Filipinas
3. Felix Resurrection Hidalgo – Virgenes christianas expuestas al populacho
4. Lorenzo Guerrero - The Water Carrier
5. Simon Flores – Portrait of the Quiazon Family
6. Jose Dans – Heaven , Earth , Hell
7. Esteban Villanueva - Basi Revolt

Miniature painters Engraver:

1. Antonio Malantic 1. Francisco Suarez

2. Isidro Arceo, 2. Nicolas Engraver
3. Dionesio de Castro 3. Laureano Atlas
4. Justiniano Assuncion 4. Felipe Sevilla

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Musician – Composer Theater artist:

1. Marcelo Adonay 1. Honorata “ Atang” dela

Rama

Writers:

1. Severino Reyes - Zarzuela

2. Hermogenes Ilagan – Zarzuela
3. Gaspar Aquino de Belen - Senakulo

21
 IV. AMERICAN ERA
(1898 – 1940) to
the Post war
Republic (1946 –
1969)

What were the changes

brought about by American
Colonization? How were they
differ from the religious forms
of the Spanish colonial
period ?
In the American regime,
commercial and advertising
arts were integrated into fine
arts curriculum. Moreover, Americans favored idyllic sceneries and secular forms of
arts. Because
https://bit.ly/3dwgqdi

the lingua franca of this

period was English, poems and
stories from books were dramatize in classroom, to facilitate the teaching of the
English language. Unlike, the Spanish, the Americans passionate thought their
language through an efficient public school system.
In less than decade, Filipino playwrights began to write plays in English.In
the beginning of the 20th century, new urban pattern that responded to the secular
goals of education, health and governance was imposed. The new patrons of the arts
included the Americans who engaged in governance and education, business and
tourism. The demand for artists who could do illustrations in textbooks or graphic
design to product labels thus emerged. The inclination towards genre, still life and
portrait paintings persisted. Landscapes on the other hand, became cherished as
travel souvenirs, especially those that captured the exotic qualities of Philippine
terrain. In 1909, a year after the establishment of the University of the Philippines, its
School of Fine Arts was opened. It also offered a course on commercial design to
fulfill the aforementioned demand. For some time, the academic ( a term referring to
the kind of art was influenced by European academies) tradition of painting and
sculpture in the manner of Amorsolo and Tolentino prevailed in the art scene.(crafted
from: Faludette May Datulin et. al , 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the
Regions p.28 -29)

Famous Artist during American era

1. Juan Abad – Tanikalang Ginto (Golden Chain) (1902)

2. Juan Matapang Cruz – Hindi ako Patay ( Iam Not Dead) 1903
3. Aurelio Tolentino – Kahapon , Ngayon at Bukas (Yesterday, Today and
Tomorrow )
(The above 3 artists emphasized their works a deep profound yearning for
freedom.)
4. Lino Castillejo (author) – A Modern Filipina First Filipino written in
5. Jesus Araullo (author) – A Modern Filipina English
6. Daniel Burnham (architect) - He design Manila and Baguio
22
 7. William Parsons – implanted Burnham Plan – an urban designed employed
Neoclassic architecture.
8. Thomas Mapua
9. Andres Luna de San Pedro Filipino architects who designed buildings
10. Antonio Toledo during the period
11. Fabian dela Rosa (naturalists Painter) – Planting Rice (1921), El
Kundiman( 1930)
12. Fernado Amorsolo
 romantic painter – Dalagang Filipina, idyllic landscapes, historical
paintings
 graphic artist –The Philippine Readers (book) The Independent
( newspaper)
 logo designer - Ginebra San Miguel.
13. Guillermo Tolentino (sculpture ) – Oblation ( 1935) UP Oblation ( 1958 )
Bonifacio Monument ( 1933).

V. JAPANESE ERA (1941 – 1945)

Since the
Japanese
advocated for the
culture of East
Asia, preference
was given to the
indigenous art and
traditions of the
Philippines. This
emphasized their
propaganda in
Asia. Under the
Japanese
occupation of Manila, the Modern Art Project would slow down in pace. Early
moderns and conservatives alike continued to produce art and even participated in
https://bit.ly/3g0A0Qw

KALIBAPI ( Kapisanan sa Paglingkod ng Bagong Pilipinas) sponsored art competitions.

Nevertheless, art production once again tilted to fulfill the agenda and demands of
the new colonial order. The Japanese forces led the formation of the greater East asia Co –
Prosperity Sphere, a propaganda movement that sought to create a Pan – Asian identity
rejected Western traditions. The productions of images, texts, nd music underwent scrutiny.
In music, the composer National Artist Felipe de Leon was said to have been
commanded to write AWIT SA PAGLIKHA NG BAGONG PILIPINAS. Declared as the
anthem specifically for the period, it conveyed allegiance to the nation reared in East Asia,
where Japan was actively asserting its political power.
Genre paintings were the most widely produced, particularly those that
presented a neutral relationship between Filipinos and the Japanese through works
that showed the normality of daily living. (crafted from: Faludette May Datulin et. al,
2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the Regions p. 15)

Famous artist and their artworks during Japanese era

1. Fernado Amorsolo (painting)
 Harvest scene, 1942

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  Rice Plating, 1942
 Bombing of the Intendencia (1942)
 Ruins of Manila Cathedral (1945)
2. Sylvia La Torre (song)
 Sa kabukiran
3. Levi Celerio (composer)
 Sa Kabukiran
4. Felipe P. de Leon (composer)
 Awit sa Paglikha ng Bagong Pilipinas
5. Crispin Lopez (painting)
 Study of an Aeta (1943)
6. Diosdado Lorenzo (painting)
 Atrocities in Paco
7. Dominador Castaneda (painting)
 Doomed Family (1945)

VI. MODERN ERA (Neo Realism,

Abstraction Modern styles)

What is Modern Art?

Modern art is quite different from
contemporary art especially when in
terms of history and styles.
anModern era in the Philippine art
began after World War 2 and the
granting independence. Writers and Artists posed the question of national identity as the
main theme of various art forms.
https://bit.ly/2NAlIdi

It is referred to as “traditional compared to contemporary art. The styles of modern

art for example are now part of art and curricula and have become academic.
The most well- known proponent of Modern art painting is Victorio Edades whose
work were initially rejected and misunderstood but later on his modernist sensibility was
shared by several artists. In this era artists explored various mediums, techniques and
themes that were at that time considered “new”.
There was an exploration of subject matter, content, and form. Using modernists
figuration, many of the artists explored folk themes and also crafted commentaries on the
urban condition and the effects of the war.
Modern artists do not aim to copy and idealize reality; instead, they change
the colors flatten the picture instead of creating illusions of depth, nearness and
farness. They depict what might be thought of as “ugly “and unpleasant instead of the
beautiful and pastoral.
Another strand of Modern art is abstraction. It consists of simplified forms,
which avoided mimetic representation. It is sometimes referred as
nonrepresentational or non-objective art as it emphasizes the relationship of colors,
line, space or the flatness of the canvas rather than an illusion of three
dimensionality. (crafted from: Faludette May Datulin et. al, 2016. Contemporary
Philippine Arts of the Regions p. 15)

Modern famous artists and their artworks

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  Neo Realists Artist
1. Manansala – The Beggars (1952), Tuba Drinkers (1954),
2. Legaspi – Gadgets II (1949), Bad Girls (1947)
3. HR Ocampo – The Contrast (1940), Genesis (1968)
4. Ramon Estella
5. Victor Oyteza
6. Romeo Tabuena
 Abstractionist Artists
1. Constancio Abenardo
2. Lee Aguinaldo
3. Jose Joya
4. Fernando Zobel
5. Arturo Luz – Street Musicians (1952)
6. Nina Saguil - Cargadores (1951)
Modern Architectural structures:
1. Church of Holy Sacrifice (1955)
2. Church of the Risen Lord
3. Chapel of Saint Joseph the worker

VII. CONTEMPORARY
ART.

What is
contemporary art? Is it
similar to Modern art?
What are the general
characteristics of
contemporary art?
Contemporary
art is much different
from Modern art as it
said earlier modern art
is referred “traditional”
compared to contemporary art. How would that be? An example is the work of
Fernando Amorsolo, he painted his painting “Harvest Scene in 1942. At that time, the
painting was considered contemporary. Today, we refer to that work as an example
of Modern art produced during Japanese era. But some of the artists continue to
produce work ‘til today and in that sense their works can be describe as
contemporary by virtue of being of the present.
What contemporary really is? Contemporary art is an art of today produced by
artists living of today. It is a fluid term, and its use can change depending on the
context.
Philippine Contemporary Art was an offshoot of social realism brought about
by Martial Law. Arts became expression of people’s aspiration for a just, free and
sovereign society.
Artists use mixed media. Their artworks are site specific, process - based and
they integrate various art forms.
Contemporary art has the following characteristics;
a. collaborative / participative
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 b. interactive
c. Process - oriented (meaning that there is less emphasis on the finished
product and a single author or creator. There is a wide range of
strategies, media and techniques)
d. Site specific (they cannot be experienced in the same way if we remove
from their original place.
Contemporary art is distinguishable from Modern art in historical, stylistic, and cultural
terms. (crafted from: Faludette May Datulin et. al , 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the
Regions p. 15)

Important Happenings during the rise of Contemporary Art

 Many cultural projects ensued amid the backdrop of poverty and volatile
social conditions under the leadership Of Ferdinand Marcos and Imelda
Marcos in 1965
 Martial Law was Declared on September 21, 1972
 New Society or Bagong Lipunan was built by Marcos in which the main focus
is to rebirth the lost civilization and aspiration to modernization and
development in which the main vision is to combine the fine arts, architecture,
architecture, interior design, tourism, convention city building, engineering ,
urban planning, health and among many others through an art and culture
program.
Below is the timeline of Philippine Arts highlighting the focus of arts of each era.

ASSESSMENT
Activity 1 – Arrange and Match the words

Below are Column A and B. In column A are the scrambled words related to
the various contemporary art form. All you need to do is to arrange it to come up an
answer. Once you derive the correct words connect it to column B to its definition.

A B

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 1. Uidnslairt tra A. It is anything printed from raised or
sunken
reliefs and plane surfaces.

2. ctlacrpila rat B. This refers to agronomy and farming

3. tra iinaccll C. It refers to medical manufacturing

4. cgarhpci atr D. It is the changing of raw materials into

some significant products

5. Ualtrulcagri tra E. For utility and practical use.

Activity 2 : Classification of Arts.

Classify the following art forms. Use the legends below:

MA – medical art FA – fishery art BA – business art
AA – agricultural Art GA – graphic art PA – practical art
IA – industrial art CA – commercial art CA – civic art,
PA – practical art

1.____________ 2. __________________ 3. ________________

4.__________ 5.___________ 6. _______________

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7. ____________ 8. __________ 9. ______________

10________

Assessment: (Post-Test)
Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best
answer from among the given choices.

1.It is considered as a pre – triumph era.

A. Japanese era C. Modern era
B. Pre – Colonial era D. Contemporary era
2.It is anything printed from raised or sunken reliefs and plane surfaces
A. Civic art C. Practical art
B. Commercial art D. Graphic Art
3. It is the changing of raw materials into some significant products
A. Industrial art C. Graphic Art
B. Practical art D. Commercial Art
4. Pis siyabit is an example of __________.
A. ornamentation C. weaving
B. tatooo D.Carving

5. A period in which focuses on idyllic sceneries and secular forms of arts

A. Modern era C. Contemporary era
B. American era D. Pre – colonial era
6. He is one of the abstractionist artists.
A. Fernando Amorsolo C. Juan Luna
B. Romeo Tabuena D. Arturo Luz
7. It is an art of today produced by artists living of today.
A. Modern era C. Contemporary era
B. American era D. Pre – colonial era
8. This art use for or utility, changing of raw materials for utilitarian purposes.
A. Industrial art C. Graphic Art
B. Practical art D. Commercial Art

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9. He wrote the national anthem during the Japanese period entitled Awit sa Paglikha ng
Bagong Pilipinas
A. Julian Felipe c. Marcelo Adonay
B. Felipe de Leon D. Ryan Cayabyab
10. An era focuses on geometric and design
A. Islamic era C. Modern era
B. American era D. Pre – colonial era

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