******* Hypothesis testing*******

Example Data with 2 variables:

women_weight <- c(38.9, 61.2, 73.3, 21.8, 63.4, 64.6, 48.4, 48.8, 48.5)

men_weight <- c(67.8, 60, 63.4, 76, 89.4, 73.3, 67.3, 61.3, 62.4)

****Parametric test: T test*******

t.test(women_weight, men_weight, var.equal=TRUE)

*****Output******

Two Sample t-test

data: women_weight and men_weight

t = -2.7842, df = 16, p-value = 0.01327

alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0

95 percent confidence interval:

-29.748019 -4.029759

sample estimates:

mean of x mean of y

52.10000 68.98889

****Non-parametric test: Mann-Whitney U test*****

wilcox.test(women_weight, men_weight)

Wilcoxon rank sum test with continuity correction

data: women_weight and men_weight

W = 15, p-value = 0.02712

alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 0

*******Simple Regression********

x = c(18,23,25,35,65,54,34,56,72,19,23,42,18,39,37)

y = c(202,186,187,180,156,169,174,172,153,199,193,174,198,183,178)

simple_lm <- lm(x~y)

summary(simple_lm)

Call:

lm(formula = x ~ y)

Residuals:

Min 1Q Median 3Q Max

-10.4749 -2.7768 0.1777 3.7102 9.2459

Coefficients:

Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)

(Intercept) 242.76692 18.07239 13.43 5.34e-09 ***

y -1.13961 0.09995 -11.40 3.85e-08 ***

---

Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1

Residual standard error: 5.472 on 13 degrees of freedom

Multiple R-squared: 0.9091, Adjusted R-squared: 0.9021

F-statistic: 130 on 1 and 13 DF, p-value: 3.848e-08

************Multiple Regression****************

a = c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)

b= c(52, 23,12,34,23,12,45,46,23,23)

c= c(100,223,233,125,246,574,244,234,111,824)

multiple_reg<- lm(c~ a+b)

summary(multiple_reg)

Call:

lm(formula = c ~ a + b)

Residuals:

Min 1Q Median 3Q Max

-345.73 -69.91 -27.71 87.05 330.86

Coefficients:

Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)

(Intercept) 267.518 204.005 1.311 0.231

a 36.404 22.331 1.630 0.147

b -6.018 4.754 -1.266 0.246

Residual standard error: 202 on 7 degrees of freedom

Multiple R-squared: 0.3999, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2284

F-statistic: 2.332 on 2 and 7 DF, p-value: 0.1674