ST.

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ACORRELATI
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ALMEDI
AUSEANDFAMI
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COMMUNI
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ORHI
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I
nParti
alFul
fi
l
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Oft
heRequir
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ortheStrand
Sc
ienc
e,Technol
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s

JAKEOWENANDRADE
NATHANI
ELJOHNLLOYDB.TI
BOR
JANASTEFF
IM.SAMPAYAN
Apri
l2021
 ST.GREGORYCOLLEGEOFVALENZUELA
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Chapt
erI

THEPROBLEMANDI
TSBACKGROUND

I
ntr
oduc
tion

Soc
ialmedi
ahasnotonl
yfoundnew way
sofc
ommuni
cat
ionbuthasal
so

r
eshapedt
heol
donesj
ustl
i
ket
het
elephone,beeper
,andet
c.T
hos
echanges

hasbeenabenef
i
ttousi
nter
msofget
ti
ngnews
,get
ti
ngi
nfor
mat
ion,s
eei
ng

y
ourl
ovedonesi
nthephone.But
,soc
ial
medi
ahasal
soanegat
iveef
fec
tsont
he

dai
l
yli
vesoft
hepeopl
e.T
hisi
swhyr
esear
cher
shast
oit
sres
ear
cht
ofi
nds
ome

ans
wer
stoi
tsques
tion.

Soc
ialmedi
apl
aysani
mpor
tantr
olei
never
yst
udent
’sl
i
fe.I
tisof
teneas
ier

and mor
e c
onveni
ent t
o ac
ces
s i
nfor
mat
ion, pr
ovi
de i
nfor
mat
ion, and

c
ommuni
cat
evi
asoc
ialmedi
a.Whatt
eenager
slookl
i
ket
hey
’redoi
ngandwhat

t
hey
’reac
tual
l
ydoi
ngc
anbet
wot
otal
l
ydi
f
fer
entt
hings
.Ther
esear
cher
swoul
d

l
i
ket
osc
opemor
eaboutt
hes
tudybec
aus
esoc
ialmedi
aisas
soc
iat
edwi
th

depr
ess
ion,anx
iet
y,andanel
evat
edr
iskofs
uic
idalt
hought
s.Bef
oreany
thi
ng,

guar
diansmus
tbet
her
etomoni
tort
hes
tudent
’sc
ondi
ti
ons
pec
ial
l
ythatt
heyar
e

s
tuc
kinquar
ant
ineandt
hei
rwor
ldar
erevol
vi
ngi
nthei
nter
net
.

Ac
cor
dingt
oWi
gmor
e(2020)
,Soc
ialmedi
aisac
oll
ect
ivet
ermf
orwebs
ites

and appl
i
cat
ions whi
ch f
ocus on c
ommuni
cat
ion,c
ommuni
ty-
bas
ed i
nput
,

i
nter
act
ion,c
ont
ent
-shar
ing and c
oll
abor
ati
on.F
orums
, 
mic
robl
oggi
ng,s
oci
al

net
wor
king,
soc
ial
bookmar
king,
soc
ial
cur
ati
on,
and 
wiki
s 
areamongt
hedi
f
fer
ent

t
ypesofs
oci
almedi
a.
 ST.GREGORYCOLLEGEOFVALENZUELA
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enz
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aCi
ty

I
nac
cor
danc
etoLy
ons(
201
9),t
hei
mpac
tofs
oci
almedi
aisapower
fulone.

Mos
tof
tent
echnol
ogyc
anbr
ingf
ort
hnegat
ivei
nter
act
ion,orz
eroi
nter
act
ion

bet
weens
ibl
i
ngs
,coupl
es,orpar
ent
-chi
l
d.I
tst
arvest
hef
ami
l
yofl
ear
ningand

model
i
ng wi
th eac
h ot
her s
oci
al c
ues
,int
erper
sonal r
elat
ions
hip s
kil
l
s,

c
ommuni
cat
ions
kil
l
s,andbondi
ng.

T
hegoal
oft
hiss
tudyi
stoknowwhet
heri
taf
fec
tst
hel
evel
ofc
ommuni
cat
ion

wi
thpar
ent
sift
hes
tudent
sus
etoomuc
hti
mei
nsoc
ialmedi
a,andal
sos
othat

s
tudent
swi
l
lbeawar
eofi
tandl
ess
ent
heus
eofs
oci
almedi
aandmakemor
e

c
ommuni
cat
ionwi
tht
hepar
ent
s.

Theor
eti
cal
Framewor
k

Theor
yofsoc
ial
medi
a

Asc
reat
edbyGi
tel
man,Li
nds
ay,&Weaver(
201
2)s
tat
edt
hat
,thi
sar
ti
cl
e

pr
esent
sanover
viewoft
het
heor
yofs
oci
almedi
aheal
thi
nter
act
ion,whi
chc
an

pot
ent
ial
l
ypr
ovi
deaval
uabl
econt
ri
but
iont
osoc
ialmedi
aheal
thr
esear
ch.I
t

of
fer
sanew t
heor
y-bas
edappr
oac
hfors
tudy
inghow t
hemedi
aandc
it
izens

r
epr
esentper
sonaland s
oci
alagendac
olor
sac
cor
ding t
o ageors
ituat
ional

f
rames
.Fundament
alc
ommuni
cat
ivemec
hani
smss
uchass
oci
almedi
aex
change,

s
oci
almedi
aint
erac
ti
on,
andper
sonal
int
egr
ati
onar
epos
itedi
nthet
heor
y.T
hes
e

mec
hani
sms
,wi
thas
etofs
ubc
ategor
iesar
epr
esent
ed,
wit
hademons
trat
ionon

how t
heyc
anbeus
edasc
onc
ept
ualanal
yt
ic
alt
ool
sinempi
ri
calanal
ysi
s.T
his

ar
ti
cl
epr
esent
sanover
view oft
het
heor
yofs
oci
almedi
aheal
thi
nter
act
ion,

whi
chc
an pot
ent
ial
l
ypr
ovi
de a val
uabl
econt
ri
but
ion t
osoc
ialmedi
a heal
th

r
esear
ch.I
tof
fer
sanewt
heor
y-bas
edappr
oac
hfors
tudy
inghowt
hemedi
aand
 ST.GREGORYCOLLEGEOFVALENZUELA
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enz
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c
it
izens r
epr
esentper
sonaland s
oci
alagenda c
olor
s ac
cor
ding t
o age or

s
ituat
ional
frames
.Fundament
alc
ommuni
cat
ivemec
hani
smss
uchass
oci
almedi
a

ex
change,s
oci
almedi
aint
erac
ti
on,andper
sonali
ntegr
ati
onar
epos
itedi
nthe

t
heor
y.T
hes
emec
hani
sms
,wi
thas
etofs
ubc
ategor
iesar
epr
esent
ed,wi
tha

demons
trat
iononhowt
heyc
anbeus
edasc
onc
ept
ual
anal
yt
ic
alt
ool
sinempi
ri
cal

anal
ysi
s.

T
hei
mpor
tanc
eoft
heor
yinnur
sing c
annotbeunder
est
imat
ed s
inc
ethe

pr
ofes
sionr
equi
resas
oundt
heor
eti
cal
bas
eands
trongmet
hodol
ogyt
oevol
ve

anevi
denc
e-i
nfor
medbodyofknowl
edge.Wac
ker(
1998)pr
ovi
dedt
hreer
eas
ons

whyt
heor
yisi
mpor
tantf
oranypr
ofes
sion and r
esear
ch:(
a)i
tpr
ovi
desa

f
ramewor
kforanal
ysi
s,(
b)i
tpr
ovi
desanef
fi
ci
entmet
hodf
orf
i
elddevel
opment
,

and(
c)i
tpr
ovi
desac
learex
planat
ionf
ort
hepr
agmat
icwor
ld.However
,

r
esear
cher
scont
inue t
o debat
ethe def
i
nit
ion ofwhatc
ons
tit
utesa t
heor
y

(
Har
low,
2009;Hender
ikus
,2007)
.Manyr
esear
cher
sandt
heor
ist
sus
ety
pol
ogi
es

andc
las
sif
i
cat
ions
yst
emst
odes
cri
bet
ypesoft
heor
iesi
nthec
ont
extofpur
pos
e,

f
unc
ti
ons
,boundar
ies
,andgoal
s(Gay&Weaver
,201
1)
.

Soc
ialmedi
a and t
he i
nter
nethave f
undament
all
ytr
ans
for
med how we

c
ommuni
cat
eandi
nter
act(
Bos
slet
,Tor
ke,
Hic
kman,
Ter
ry&Hel
f
t,201
1;Chou&Hunt

2009;Hawn,2009;Powel
l & Dar
vel
l
, 2003)
.Vi
rt
ual
l
y,al
loft
he wor
ld’
s

knowl
edgeandex
per
ienc
esar
eavai
l
abl
eatanyt
imewi
thj
ustac
li
ckoft
he

mous
e.I
nfor
mat
ioni
seas
il
yac
ces
sibl
eandf
reet
oany
onewi
thac
omput
er,and

c
ommuni
cat
ionac
ros
scont
inent
sisaseas
yase-
mai
l
ings
omeonenex
tdoor
.

Ast
hei
nter
netex
pandedi
ntoourhomes
,ther
ewasagr
owi
ngex
pec
tat
ionof
 ST.GREGORYCOLLEGEOFVALENZUELA
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ty

f
reeandopenac
ces
stoi
nfor
mat
ion(
Bos
sletetal
,201
1)
.Si
ncei
nfor
mat
ionwas

eas
il
yac
ces
sibl
e ons
o manys
ites
,ther
e devel
oped anex
pec
tat
iont
hatal
l

i
nfor
mat
ions
houl
dbef
reeandr
eli
abl
e.

Theor
yofsoc
ial
inf
l
uenc
e

Soc
iali
nfl
uenc
etheor
y,aspr
opos
edbyKel
man(
1958)
,ist
hatani
ndi
vi
dual
’
s

at
ti
tudes
,bel
i
efs
,ands
ubs
equentac
ti
onsorbehavi
orsar
einf
l
uenc
edbyr
efer
ent

ot
her
sthr
ought
hreepr
oces
ses
:compl
i
anc
e,i
dent
if
ic
ati
on,andi
nter
nal
i
zat
ion.

Kel
man(
1958)pos
itedt
hats
oci
ali
nfl
uenc
ebr
ingsaboutc
hangesi
nat
ti
tudeand

ac
ti
ons
,andt
hatc
hangesmayoc
curatdi
f
fer
ent“
level
s.
”Thi
sdi
f
fer
enc
eint
he

l
evelofc
hangesc
anbeat
tri
but
edbyt
hedi
f
fer
enc
esi
nthepr
oces
sest
hrough

whi
chi
ndi
vi
dual
s ac
cepti
nfl
uenc
e.Kel
man (
1958)del
i
neat
ed t
hree pr
imar
y

pr
oces
sesofi
nfl
uenc
easdes
cri
bedbel
ow:

•I
nfl
uenc
e ofCompl
i
anc
eis as
sumed t
o oc
curwhen i
ndi
vi
dual
s ac
cept

i
nfl
uenc
eandadoptt
hei
nduc
edbehavi
ort
ogai
nrewar
ds(
or,appr
oval
)and

avoi
d puni
shment
s(or
,di
sappr
oval
)
.Henc
e,“
the s
ati
sf
act
ion der
ived f
rom

c
ompl
i
anc
eisduet
othes
oci
alef
fec
tofac
cept
ingi
nfl
uenc
e.”

•I
nfl
uenc
eofI
dent
if
ic
ati
oni
ssai
dto happenwheni
ndi
vi
dual
sadoptt
he

i
nduc
ed behavi
ori
n or
dert
ocr
eat
e ormai
ntai
n a des
ired and benef
i
cial

r
elat
ions
hipt
oanot
herper
sonoragr
oup.Henc
e,t
hes
ati
sf
act
ionoc
cur
sduet
o

“
theac
tofc
onf
ormi
ng.
"

•I
nf
luenc
eofI
nter
nal
i
zat
ioni
sas
sumed t
o oc
curwheni
ndi
vi
dual
sac
cept

i
nfl
uenc
eaf
terper
cei
vi
ngt
hec
ont
entoft
hei
nduc
edbehavi
ori
srewar
dingi
n

whi
cht
hec
ont
enti
ndi
cat
est
heopi
ni
onsandac
ti
onsofot
her
s.I
tisal
sos
tat
ed
 ST.GREGORYCOLLEGEOFVALENZUELA
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t
hati
ndi
vi
dual
sadoptt
hei
nduc
edbehavi
orr
eal
i
zi
ngt
hati
ti
scongr
uentwi
tht
hei
r

val
ues
yst
em.I
nthi
scas
e,t
her
efor
e,t
hes
ati
sf
act
ionoc
cur
sduet
o“t
hec
ont
ent

oft
henewbehavi
or.
”

Eac
hoft
het
hreepr
oces
sesc
anber
epr
esent
edbyaf
unc
ti
onoft
hef
oll
owi
ng

t
hreedet
ermi
nant
sofi
nfl
uenc
e:(
a)t
her
elat
ivei
mpor
tanc
eoft
heant
ic
ipat
ed

ef
fec
t,(
b)t
her
elat
ivepoweroft
hei
nfl
uenc
ingagent
,and(
c)t
hepr
epot
enc
yof

t
he i
nduc
ed r
espons
e(Kel
man 1
958)
.However
,for eac
h pr
oces
s,t
hes
e

det
ermi
nant
sar
equal
i
tat
ivel
ydi
f
fer
ent
.Soeac
hpr
oces
shasadi
sti
nct
ives
etof

ant
ecedentc
ondi
ti
ons
;si
mil
arl
y eac
h pr
oces
sleads t
o a di
sti
nct
ive s
etof

c
ons
equentc
ondi
ti
ons
.

T
hist
heor
yhasex
plai
nwhys
oci
almedi
acoul
d af
fec
tthe c
ommuni
cat
ion

bet
weenf
ami
l
iesbymeansofbehavi
oralc
hangest
hati
soneoft
heef
fec
tsof

s
oci
almedi
ainf
l
uenc
es.

Conc
ept
ual
Framewor
k

Dependent
Vari
abl
e
I
ndependent
Howsocialmedi
a
Var
iabl
e
hasbecomea
Communi
cat
ions
kil
l
s barri
ertothe
f
amily
’s
communicat
ion

T
heDi
agr
ams
howshowt
hes
oci
almedi
aaf
fec
tst
hef
ami
l
yinr
espons
ibi
l
it
ies
.

T
heSoc
ial
medi
aisapower
ful
onet
eenst
hinkt
hisi
swher
etheyc
anf
i
ndc
omf
ort
 ST.GREGORYCOLLEGEOFVALENZUELA
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enz
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ty

andhappi
nes
swhi
chi
snotbec
aus
ethi
shasanegat
iveef
fec
t.T
hei
ndependent

var
iabl
eist
heonet
hatc
anbec
ont
rol
l
ed byt
hedependentvar
iabl
e,when

r
esear
cher
sknewt
heper
spec
ti
veofs
tudent
sandt
eac
her
sonhows
oci
almedi
a

hasbec
omeabar
ri
ert
othef
ami
l
y’sc
ommuni
cat
ionwhi
chi
sourdependent

var
iabl
e,wewi
l
lbeabl
etoeval
uat
ethedi
f
fer
enc
eofs
tudent
s’c
ommuni
cat
ion

s
kil
l
sbef
oreandaf
tert
heyknowaboutourr
esear
ch.

St
atementoft
hePr
obl
em

T
hemai
nconc
ernoft
hispr
esents
tudyi
stoc
orr
elat
ethel
evel
ofs
oci
almedi
a

us
eofJuni
orHi
ghSc
hools
tudent
sofLawangBat
oNat
ionalHi
ghSc
hoolt
othe

l
evel
ofc
ommuni
cat
iongi
vent
owar
dst
hef
ami
l
y.

Spec
if
ic
all
y,i
tseekst
oans
wert
hef
oll
owi
ngques
tions
:

1
. HowdoJuni
orhi
ghs
chool
uses
oci
almedi
a?

2. Wi
tht
her
esul
t,whatf
act
ori
nthes
oci
almedi
aus
edoJuni
orHi
gh

Sc
hool
student
saf
fec
tthei
rl
evel
ofc
ommuni
cat
ionwi
tht
hei
rpar
ent
s?

Si
gni
f
icanc
eoft
heSt
udy

T
hiss
tudyi
sconduc
teds
othatt
hepar
ent
swi
l
lbeawar
ehow i
mpor
tanti
s

c
ommuni
cat
ion bet
ween t
he par
entand c
hil
d.T
her
e ar
eso manyway
sto

mai
ntai
nthegoodr
elat
ions
hip.Par
ent
smus
thol
dthei
remot
ionswheni
tcomes

t
odi
sci
pl
ini
ngwi
tht
hei
rchi
l
d.T
hiss
tudyi
ssi
gni
f
icanti
nknowi
ngt
hei
mpor
tanc
eof

c
ommuni
cat
ionf
ors
tudent
sinJuni
orHi
ghs
choolandpar
ent
s.T
hispr
ojec
tmay

hel
ppeopl
etoknow t
hei
mpor
tanc
eofc
ommuni
cat
ionandt
hes
olut
iont
oit
s

pr
obl
ems
.Thi
swi
l
lser
veasani
nst
rumentt
opeopl
e,es
pec
ial
l
ythepar
ent
sand
 ST.GREGORYCOLLEGEOFVALENZUELA
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enz
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ty

s
tudent
s,s
othatt
heywi
l
lbeawar
eoft
hec
ert
aini
ssue.T
hiss
tudyex
ami
nedt
he

per
cept
ionofs
tudent
sandt
eac
her
sinabl
efor t
hepeopl
etounder
standt
he

c
ompar
isonofdi
f
fer
enc
esaswel
lasi
tss
imi
l
ari
ti
es.I
tal
soaddsi
nfor
mat
ionoran

advi
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Bi
bl
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(
201
5).How Soc
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fec
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ami
l
yRel
ati
onshi
ps.Ac
ademi
cHel
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f
rom

ht
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oci
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ami
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ami
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rom

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he Danger
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ialMedi
a on Mar
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ami
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Bar
tl .Soc
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ami
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Br
ut ,Soc
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