SOCIALS WORK BY KAI JIN

THE
INDUSTRIALISATION
How did the industrial Revolution
transform economies and societies?
 THE DRIVING FORCES

A politycal system in Population Lots of raw material Rivers and canals Colonial empires
which the Growth as transport that provides lots of
bourgeoisie had raw materials
influence
NEW SYSTEM OF
MANUFACTURING
THE FACTORY

The mechanisation ,the use of new energy sources

and the desire of greater control over labour gave
place to the factories . it led to mass production
and a huge increase in productivity , The spread of
the factories made the Artisans and guilds
dissapear .
 Agricultural changes
THE NEW LAND OWNERSHIP
STRUCTURE
The british parliament aproved the Enclosure acts ,
which created a concentration of land ownership , The
individualisation of production allowed for
improvements in farming techniques and led to arise
in production , which was aimed to the market , the
open field system was replaced by the enclosed one ,
but the poor farmers had to sell their property as they
didnt have the resources to enclose land
CHANGES IN CULTIVATION
SYSTEMS
The three field rotation system was replaced by
the norfolk four course crop rotation system ,
the new system removed the need to lie fallow ,
this system increased the production of animal
feed , it also increased the number of livestock
which improved human nutriution
THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW
THE RISE IN PRODUCTION
MACHINES
The new techniques led to a rise in
The intervention of new machines allowed
acomplish agricultural task easily such as the
agricultural improvements which caused
Jethro Tull method which allowed the crops to a population growth , in 1650 farmers
be harvested and weeds to be removed reasily , produced to feed 1.5 person , by 1800 it
The Rotherham plough which made the field increased to 2.5 , potatoes became a key
easy to turn over and cover the seeds with soil , paret of peoples diet
new crops emerged thanks to the machinary
such as the potatoe and the corn
 THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY

NEW
The british government banned the import of the Indian fabric
cotton , as a result they boosted the production of british cotton , the
cotton was welcomed by the customers as it was easy to wash

INDUSTRIES ,hygienic and extremely economic , then the mechanisation began ,

John Kays Flying shuttle (1733) made possible to weave wider
fabrics , Spinning machines which increased the speed of
production and the last step was Edmund Power loom (1785) which
lowered its price

THE IRON INDUSTRY

In the 18th people needed a cheap source of fuel for the high
demand of iron , this led to the use of coke as it had a great calorific
value , the use of the coke led to a growth of the coal mining
industry .

Henry cort created new techniques for the expansion of the iron
industry such as Puddling and Rolling and finally in 1856 the
Bessemer converter made it possible to manufacture steel .
IMPACT ON
POPULATION RISE
POPULATION 300M

1750 The european population had a

demographic transition , this was
thanks to the rise in food , production
and medical improvement , the food 200M

rise made the population more

resistant to diseases , the live
expectancy rose from 38 Y.O to 50 Y.O
by the end of the 19 th century
100M

0M
1750 1800 1850
CAPITALISM
INDUSTRIAL CAPITALISM

The Capitalism is an economic system in which the means

of production are privately owned .

Economic activities respond to the free initiative of

individuals , the objective is the pursuit if maximun profit ,
its an unplanned system with minimal state inteference.

the Law of supply and demand regulates the interest of

sellers and buyers.

Competition law is a competition among companies to

market leads to a reace to reduce costs and prices

Capitalism is plagued by overproduction and this leads to

declining slaes , falling prices and profits, the closure of
companies and unemployment
WORKERS ASSOCIATION

Luddites were the firsts in protesting against

industrialisation , it started in the 19th century where
machinary were brutally destroyed as they thought that it
were the main cause of their lo wages and unemployement
.

then some workers started to form their own association to

defend their interest , the first organisation were Relief
societies which acted as a resistance groups and helped the
workers in events of unemployement and illnes , these
societies organised the first strikes

The first official trade unions was created as workers

assciociations were prohibited in 1824

The grand national consolidated trades union was founded

in 1834 which main goal was to defend the right of
association , reduce the working day , improve wages and
reduce child labour
 THE NEW SOCIAL SOLUTIONS

UTOPIAN SOCIALIST MARXISM AND CATHOLIC CHURCH

They were the first to ANARCHISM Pope Leo XIII issued
suggest that private 19th century thinkers his encyclical Rerum
property was the main advocated the need for Novarum which
cause of inequalities a revolution to end proposed the need of
capitalism and build a improve the living
new egalitarian society condition of workers