CHE 611 A Transport Phenomena

Dr Anurag Tripathi
Chemical Engineering

I I T Kanpur

Lectureo 3

Mechanisms of Transport Part 1

Convective transport
 ConvectiveTransport
Consider
fluid flow in Cartesian coordinate
system

Vol offluid crossing area by AZ in time At

fuid vol Beat by AZ Vy Oz do notgygzareed

contribute
flow across
Rate of uol.frow fluid ud KAYA 2
Fe

Flowing fluid carries all its properties mass

momentum kinetic provides a
energy etc
mechanism of transport Convective transport

Convective rate
of mass x
Ud offkeid
flow of mass time
 e readyD2 YI
units
convective flux of Convective rate of mass flow
Mass F hiafG
eqgyg2_
BY AZ
else
Thus mass flux in X direction else
similarly we could have chosen area AND 2
only Componentwould have contributed to mass
flux across area to y axis

Mass flux in y direction Elly

4 a Z direction e Uz

lmassftexvedor E
feuf.FI
Convective rate of Kinetignergy
Udefflee'd
kinetic energy flow time

f ed yea YAZ 3
M
 Convective flux of KE Convectiveralterffow
Area
Since area
ByA2g we get
flux of KE in K direction
L elf be

IT
IKE fluxvector feo2
convective rate
of Inteuofdehergg
xuol.offkg.ae
Internal energyflow time

e u on a Yaz
7
where U Internalenergy mass

Internal Energy flux ConvectiverateofIntenergge

Area
Int Energyflux in x dir e UGe

Int gyf

Vector Flux of scalar quantity uuajn_t.b E

Now consider flow over General area

a
DS
A componentof E tr to ri does
notcontributetransferacrossds
Vol offluid crossing a Fee by AZ in time At
as
fuid vol Beat byA 2
A Ids at

Rate of uol.frow fluid ud KAY AZ

A Eds

Flowing fluid carries all its properties mass

momentum kinetic energy etc provides a
mechanism of transport Convective transport
 Convective rate
of mass x
Ud offkeid
flow of mass time

eondyD2 YI
units
ena egg
Goes

Convective rate of Kinetignergy Udefflaid

kinetic energy flow time

zeitgeists AZ M
3
A Eds
fed
fzeo2e Ds
Convectiverate of Intervalenergge uooffluid
Internal energyflow Vol time

Hunt mLm
where a Internalenergy mass
 I kids

convective rate of transfer vector

of a scalar quantity across a flex of Herded
outward enantity
satrsfacenordmaewildhirnq.az

Vector flux of scalar quantity uuajn_t.b E

Convective Momentum Transport

linear Momentum vectorquantity

segyez component of momentum Solar quantities

flux of a component fe Componenutoffmomentum y

of linearmomentum
flux of e component of linear momentum e I
flux of y component of linear momentum EYE

flux of 2 Component of linear momentum EYE

 2

f IT E7em z

complexflowpattern For sufficiently small volumeelement

I Costthroughoutthe volume DV
Point property at 92
i
na I
Convective momentum flex through
a plane to K direction

rig
convective momentum flex through
a plane to 3 direction
age

ri I
convective momentum flex through
code a plane to direction
 Thethree vectors eight eyedeeze
describe the momentum flux across three areas
to respective axes
Each vector has 3 Coponents Ck 922

Direction Ir Momentum flux Components of

to shadedsurface through the convectiveMan.flex
shaded Hate k g z

x eoaeeo.ua eons ago

Y eye elgon eighty eight

Z ease egg egg esta

2nd order Tensor 9 solar components or

3 vector Components

Velocity Vector represented as

E GE 85 819

Also as E using a columnvector

Eg

unit diads
Convectivemomentum e bikini
teuigijteqqi.li
flex tensor teigyegiteoyrgjgteo.gg I
represented as teqoakiteoigkgteoo.IR
DiagonalElements effete eafjj.ee ER
CEE Can also be represented as a 3 3 Matrix

eat easily eonk

eee fee ee

Two directions involved now

One of the component of momentum
other of the area normal

vector flux of scalar quantity uieaont.b E

Tensor flux of vector quantity uieaon_t.b E

Convective Momentum fluxtensor FEI

Avector'sdotproduct with a unit vector gives scalar
component of vector along the direction ofwaitved

A Tensor's dot product with a unit vector gives vector

component of the tensor along the direction ofunitvector
a
ri
f

volume flow rate through

area 95 from side
A I
to

Rate of flow of momentum cnn.co E e Eds

across the surface
using the rules for vector tensor notation
Rate of flow of momentum Cnn e DS
across the surface
na a Cad b
Convective transfer rate Ek ri CE DE
of momentum across Ads E
surface ds ith normal A
 Note
vector vector dot product
a b b a Commutative

Tensor vector dot product Not commutative

E E I I.E unless E is symmetric

Reading assignment Appendix A I to A 3 of

textbook BSL to getfamiliar
with idea of tensor