Final Exam December 15, 2018: APM384H1F Partial Differential Equations

2A48962A-3700-4815-B54B-6EF13D38502F
apm384-2018-final-exam
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UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

APM384H1F - Partial Differential Equations
Final Exam - December 15, 2018

EXAMINERS: B. GALVAO-SOUSA
Time allotted: 150 minutes Aids permitted: None

Total marks: 80
First name (please write as legibly as possible within the boxes)
Last name
Student Number
Instructions (READ CAREFULLY)
.Please have your student card ready for inspection.
.DO NOT start the test until instructed to do so.
.This test contains 18 pages (including this title page). Make sure you have all of them.
No calculators, celiphones, or any other electronic gadgets are allowed. If you have a cellphone
with you, it must be turned off and in a bag underneath your chair.
GOOD LUCK!
082 9FEA4-958F-42F4-9DAB-A2AOF5EABE51
- #48 2 of 18
PART I No explanation is necessary.
1. Consider the function graph
(4 marks) Sketch a graph of the Fourier sine series of this function for x E [0, 4].
(4 marks) Sketch a graph of the Fourier cosine series of this function for x E [0, 41.
Continued...
E07902A7-36E4-4FB2-8352-1206125CFCB5
Li4
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IE r-1,
(4 marks) Consider Laplace equation with boundary conditions:
uxx + uyy - 0 for 0< x,y < 2
u(x,0) = 20 for 0 < x <2

u(x,2) = 30 for 0 < x < 2
u(0, y) = 10 for 0 < y < 2
u(2,y) = f(y) for 0 < y < 2
Consider the approximation of uxx and the corresponding approximation of u,.
When A = 1, we have
u(x—,y)-2u(x,y)+u(xA,y)
--
?J xx(X,Y) I
A2
This implies that

n(1, 1) 40.
Then
(4 marks) Consider a PDE with solution of the form
n(x, y) = P(x + 5y) + Q( -2x + 3y)
for x> 1, and satisfying the following conditions
u(1, y) = 13(1 + 5y)(-2 + 3y) u(1,y) = 0
Then
u(2,1)=
Continued...
% .
--a
PART II
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Justify all your answers.
4. Consider the 1D heat equation below (19 marks)
Ut = kU XX for 0 < x <ir, t> 0

u(x,O) = f(x) for 0 < x < 71
n(O,t) = 0 for t> 0
u(ir,t) = 1 for t> 0
(a) (8 marks) Find the solution u(x, t) of this problem. Justify your answer.
Hint. Be careful with the boundary conditions.
(You can continue your answer to (a) on the next page) Continued...
97C6232C-BD70-4CO3-9D0E-B7c0733389A8
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(b) (2 marks) What is the solution if f(x) = 0?
Continued...
Ij Ji
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I. apm384-2018-final-exam
448 6 of 18
(c) (2 marks) Consider the problem
Vt = kvxx for O<x<ir, t>O

v(x,O)=O for O<x<ir
v(O,t)=O for t>O
v(ir,t)=O for t>O
What is the solution v(x, t)? Justify your answer.
(d) (4 marks) The difference between the problems from (a) (with f(x) = 0) and (c) is the
boundary condition on the right end of the domain.
How much time does it take for the effect of the boundary temperature in (a) to reach the
middle of the bar? Justify your answer.
Continued...
90EE7578-071F-42A5-AE67-F7FB6131E466
#48 7 of 18 Ff
(e) (3 marks) Using your result from (d), what is the propagation speed of heat for this PDE?
Does this make physical sense? Justify your answer.
Continued...
I apm384-2018-final-exam
•
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IE'.
5. Consider the 1D linear Schrödinger equation (16 marks)
flt=ifl xx for x,tER

f
u(x,O) = f(x) for x G R
Assume that u : R x R —* C and all its derivatives converge to 0 as IxI -4 00.
Show that conservation of mass holds. That is, show that
Hint. Recall that I zI = where is the complex conjugate of z.

f u(x, t) 2 dx = constant.
Continued...
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L!1.
6. Captain Ahab wants to capture the whale Moby Dick. (16 marks)
He knows that Moby Dick likes fish, so his plan is to harvest a lot of fish to use it as bait to capture
Moby Dick.
Ahab throws the fishing net into the water and steers Pequod, his whaling ship, towards the areas
with the most fish.
The ship is moving at v m/s and is harvesting 1 of the existing fish per second.
Define:
p(x, y, t) = density of fish, in fish per m2 at the position (x, y) and at time t (in seconds);
(t) = (x(t), y(t)) = position of the Pequod (the ship) at time t.
(a) (4 marks) What is the fish density underneath the Pequod?
Continued...
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MY-IV0
(b) (3 marks) Calculate
p((t),t+ A t) —p((t),t)
H_____________________________
Justify your answer.
(c) (4 marks) Find a PDE for p((t),t). Justify your answer.
Continued...
LI
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E!1 .
(d) (3 marks) What is F(t)? And what is I F'(t)? Justify your answer.
Hint. Recall that given a function f(x, y), its gradient Vf is the direction of greatest increase
for the function f.
(e) (2 marks) Complete the equation
where all this is evaluated at the point ((t), t) and V = ía O\
Continued...
I!JL 19
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7. Assuming a simpler 1D version of 6., we get the following PDE:
1
Pt + PPx = P
where the density of fish is p(x, t).
Assume also that the initial density of fish is p(x, 0) = f(x).
(a) (3 marks) Find the characteristics x(t).
Continued...
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2e
4(e-1) if x < —2
(3 marks) Assume f(x) - __
4( e J)X if —2<x<0.
10 if x > 0
Sketch the characteristics.
(2 marks) Find the solution in the region where characteristics don't intersect.
Continued...
Eu apm384-2018-final-exam
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(d) (2 marks) What is the area where the characteristics intersect?
(e) (3 marks) What is the shock wave x(t)?
(You can continue your answer to (e) on the next page.) Continued...
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(f) (3 marks) Represent the solution p(x, t) in the (x, t) plane.
Continued...
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DO NOT DETACH
Continued...
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DO NOT DETACH
Continued...
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DO NOT DETACH
The end.

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2A48962A-3700-4815-B54B-6EF13D38502F

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Final Exam - December 15, 2018

Time allotted: 150 minutes Aids permitted: None

First name (please write as legibly as possible within the boxes)

Instructions (READ CAREFULLY)

.Please have your student card ready for inspection.

.DO NOT start the test until instructed to do so.

PART I No explanation is necessary.

1. Consider the function graph

(4 marks) Consider Laplace equation with boundary conditions:

uxx + uyy - 0 for 0< x,y < 2

u(x,0) = 20 for 0 < x <2

u(0, y) = 10 for 0 < y < 2

u(2,y) = f(y) for 0 < y < 2

Consider the approximation of uxx and the corresponding approximation of u,.

This implies that

(4 marks) Consider a PDE with solution of the form

n(x, y) = P(x + 5y) + Q( -2x + 3y)

for x> 1, and satisfying the following conditions

u(1, y) = 13(1 + 5y)(-2 + 3y) u(1,y) = 0

Justify all your answers.

4. Consider the 1D heat equation below (19 marks)

Ut = kU XX for 0 < x <ir, t> 0

(b) (2 marks) What is the solution if f(x) = 0?

(c) (2 marks) Consider the problem

Vt = kvxx for O<x<ir, t>O

What is the solution v(x, t)? Justify your answer.

flt=ifl xx for x,tER

Assume that u : R x R —* C and all its derivatives converge to 0 as IxI -4 00.

Show that conservation of mass holds. That is, show that

Hint. Recall that I zI = where is the complex conjugate of z.

(t) = (x(t), y(t)) = position of the Pequod (the ship) at time t.

(a) (4 marks) What is the fish density underneath the Pequod?

(b) (3 marks) Calculate

Justify your answer.

(c) (4 marks) Find a PDE for p((t),t). Justify your answer.

(e) (2 marks) Complete the equation

where all this is evaluated at the point ((t), t) and V = ía O\

7. Assuming a simpler 1D version of 6., we get the following PDE:

where the density of fish is p(x, t).

Assume also that the initial density of fish is p(x, 0) = f(x).

(a) (3 marks) Find the characteristics x(t).

(d) (2 marks) What is the area where the characteristics intersect?

(e) (3 marks) What is the shock wave x(t)?

(f) (3 marks) Represent the solution p(x, t) in the (x, t) plane.

Page for clearly-labelled overflow from previous pages.

Page for clearly-labelled overflow from previous pages.

Page for clearly-labelled overflow from previous pages.

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