NAMA : DESY FITRIANI

NIM : 19003055
PRODI : Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris
Semester II unit 2
MK : Intermediate English Grammar

PASSIVE PATTERN
1. Simple present
S+V1/tobe1+O/C
(General facts)
Example : (+) I take breakfast every morning
(-) I do not take breakfast every morning
(?) do you take breakfast every morning?

2. Simple past
S+V2/tone+O/C
(Past activities)
Example : (+) I took a bath
(-) I did not take a bath
(?) did you take a bath?

3. Simple Future
S+Will+V1+be+O/C
(Plan,Will,shall,be going to)
Example : (+) we are going to go to cafe faras
(-) we are not going to cafe
(?) are we going to go to cafe?

4. Present continuous
S+tobe1+Ving+O/C
(On going until now)
Example : (+) we are studying grammar
(-) we are not studying grammar
(?) are we studying grammar?

5. Past continuous
S+tobe2+Ving+O/C
(Now-the past)
Example : At 08:00 o’clock last night, I was studying English
6. Future continuous
S+Will+be+Ving+O/C
(state on activity that will or is being carried out a
time in the future or in the future with a specific time
description)
Example : I will be studying listening tomorrow at 09:00 A.M

7. Present perfect
S+has/have+V3/been+O/C
(to express an action or situation that started in the past and still
Continues to the present or has been completed at a certain point in the past but the
effect is still continuing).
Example : (+) I have taken a bath
(-) I have not taken a bath
(?) have I taken a bath?

8. Past perfect
S+had+V3/been+O/C
(action that have been completed in the past can occur repeatedly
or only once)
Example : Rahmi had studies English before the came to my house

9. Future perfect
S+Will+have+V3/been+O/C
(to express an activity that will have been completed or occurred before
another activity is carried out in the future)
Example :I will have married you at the end.

10. Present perfect continuous

S+has/have+been+Ving+O/C
(to show an event that began in the past and continues to the present)
Example : I have been living in Aceh Tamiang

11. Past perfect continuous

S+had+been+Ving+O/C
Example : Student had been speaking English

12. Future perfect continuous

S+Will+have+been+Ving+O/C
Example : Student will have been speaking English
Gerund and Infinitive
Pengertian
 Gerund is a form of verb that is given an additional letter -ing and functions as
a noun (nouns) or distinguishes verbs.
 Infinitive is a basic verb that has not changed form, either because of changes
in time (tenses) or the addition .

VERB FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVE ( to infinitive)

Several different verbs are followed or can be followed by a second verb in

the infinitive form. All the verbs listed on this page are followed by to-
infinitive when the infinitive is used. Verbs marked with a star can also be
followed by that-clause, as shown in the following example.
Example :
 I hope to see you next week.
 I hope that I'll see you next week.
 He claimed to be an expert.
 He claimed that she was an expert.
 I managed to reach the top of the hill.
 Would you care to swim?
VERB FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVE (bare infinitive)
Bare infinitive is a verb (verb) that can be used without using 'to' in the
sentence. Bare infinitive is often referred to as base form, short infinitive or
zero infinitive. Unlike the infinitive which only functions as a verbal (words
formed from verbs, but can function as nouns, adjectives or adverbs), bare
infinitives can also function as verbs.
Example :
 She had better finish her tasks immediately (Dia sebaiknya
menyelesaikan tugas-tugasnya segera)
 That 10 years old boy could run faster than me and my brother (Anak
laki-laki berumur sepuluh tahun itu dapat berlari lebih cepat
dibandingkan saya dan saudara laki-laki saya)
 My friends, Amanda and Deby, don’t like coffee (Teman saya,
Amanda dan Deby, tidak menyukai kopi)
 The sandstorm will come tonight (Badai pasir akan datang nanti
malam)
VERB FOLLOWED BY GERUND
Example Mia forget getting a car accident when she had awaken.
The sentence above uses gerund, getting, which means that Mia forgot that she had an
accident when she woke up. What happened, where it happened, he forget about it.