EQUIPMENT / MAJOR AREAS FOR ENERGY AUDIT

The major areas for conducting energy audit in thermal power plants are:
• Boilers and associated parts
• Turbines and associated parts
• Insulation
• Draft system /fans (ID fans, FD fans, PA fans and other fans.)
• Cooling system (condensers, cooling towers and cooling water pumping system)
• Water pumping systems (boiler feed water pumping system, condensate
extraction pumping system, DM water pumping system, make up water pumping,
raw water pumping system, etc.)

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• Fuel handling system (e.g.: coal handling system, coal mills, fuel oil handling
system)
• Ash handling system
• Compressed air system
• Air conditioning system
• Electrical systems
• Electric drives and motors
• Plant lighting system

There may be some other sections /equipment in addition to those mentioned

above which may need to be added. Each item of the above list shall be treated in a
separate chapter while preparing the report. Under each equipment/ section the
following may be given (refer relevant sections pertaining to the equipment)
• Introduction and description of the equipment and process
• Specifications / design parameter / PG test values
• Energy consumption pattern and specific energy consumption
• Observations, analysis and findings:
 General condition of the facility and equipment
 Operation and operating parameters
 Surveys conducted
 Test and trial runs
 Performance analysis / efficiency evaluation

• Energy saving recommendations

• Summary list of energy saving measures and classification as per suggested
implementation schedule (short term, medium term and long term)
• Impact of implementation of energy saving recommendations (pre and post
scenario) in terms of specific energy consumption /specific energy cost.

All energy conservation measures suggested during the audit study shall include:
• A suitable title of recommendation (for easy identification)
• A brief description of present practice/ system/ equipment shall be

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given, its background and its impact on energy efficiency or energy consumption
should be provided. The technical estimations on energy loss/wastage due to the
present system can be included. A brief process flow / line diagram can help in
easy explanation of present system
• Description of recommendation: Details pertaining to the recommendation
regarding its technical and operational features, benefits expected and any known
risk, etc
• If the recommendation pertains to replacement, retrofitting, or resizing, the
auditor shall give the key technical specifications along with energy performance
parameters (efficiency / specific energy consumption, etc).
• Detailed estimation of energy savings and energy cost reduction over a
reasonable technical or economic life of the measure
• Detailed techno-economic evaluation
• Preliminary assessment of the financial attractiveness or assessment of
maximum investment based on the estimated energy cost and saving potential
over the life of the measure
• Where different alternatives are available, all options may be compared and
better options suggested.
• Where the installation or implementation of any recommended energy saving
measure affects the procedure of operation and maintenance, staff deployment and
the budget, the recommendation shall include discussion of such impacts including
their solution.
• Suppliers / vendors /contractors details for implementation
• Cost effective monitoring and verification protocol

1.11 ACTION PLAN PREPARATION

The auditor shall summarise all recommendations and provide action plan for
implementation in which the recommendations are prioritised. This shall be
discussed with the energy manager / concerned plant personnel. The action plan
shall include:
• Preparation of detailed techno-economics of the selected measures in
consultation with energy manager / plant personnel

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• A monitoring and verification protocol to quantify on annual basis the impact of
each measure with respect to energy conservation and cost reduction for reporting
to Bureau of Energy Efficiency and respective State Designated Agency (SDA)
• A time schedule agreed upon by the designated consumer of selected measures
taking into consideration constraints such as availability of finance, resources and
availability of proposed equipment.

1.12 SUPPLIERS / VENDORS/ CONTRACTOR LIST

The energy audit report shall provide the information for implementation of
proposed recommendations such as suppliers / vendors / contractors etc. The
details shall include name and address, contact person, contact details such as
phone, fax, email etc.
1.13 APPENDICES
Appendices shall include background material that is essential for understanding
the calculations and recommendations and may include:
• Facility layout diagrams
• Process diagrams
• Reference graphs used in calculations, such as motor efficiency curves, pump
performance curves etc.
• Data sets that are large enough to clutter the text of the report.
• Detailed specifications, design details, test certificates, performance covers
• Detailed calculations

1.14 REFERENCES, SOFTWARE USED

The audit report shall include the references utilized for technical inputs such as
papers, journals, handbooks, publications etc.
In addition, if the auditor used any software for the analysis, the details of such software shall be
given in the report.