TIEU CHUAN QUOC GIA — iO l< jz TCVN 11967:2017 ISO 15858:2016 Xuat ban tan 1 THIET BI UVC - THONG TIN AN TOAN - . GIGI HAN PHO! NHIEM CHO PHEP BOI VOI CON NGUO! UV-C Devices - Safety information - Permissible human exposure HA NOI - 2017TCVN 11967:2017 Loi ndi dau TCVN 11967:2017 hoan toan tuong dong vai !SO 15658:2016; TCVN 11967:2017 do Ban ky thudt tity chudn quéc gia TCVNITC142 Thiét bj lam sach khng Khi va céc khi khdc bién soan, Téng cyc Tiéu chudn Bo lvong Chat lugng dé nghi, BS Khoa hge va Céng nghé céng bd.TCVN 11967:2017 Li gi6i thigu Tiéu chudn nay duge xay dung dé dap Wing nhu cau trén toan thé gidi vé cac yéu cau ky thuat t6i thiéu cho sy en toan cia cae san phdm UVC va thiét bi cb gén dén UVC, Trong tiéu chun tring UVC c6 thé gay nguy hai cho con ngudi trong toan bé dai UVC. Vi déi vai san phdm 6 trang bi Gen, bite xa UVC wu thé hon & bude séng 254 nm. , den Khe Khi so s4nh véi bire xa UVA va bic xa UVB, bire xa UVC la dang tia UV 06 kha nang thdu qua thdp. Cac phép do trén m6 nguéi cho thay mic phan xa! cia bive xa UVC chiém tir 4 % dén 7 %, doc theo khodng bude séng réng tir 250 nm dén 400 nm va dugc hdp thy & 2 um dau tién cia lop sting cia da. Do dé, lveng UVC xuyén téi lop biéu bi la tdi thidu.!) Bic xa UVC [a biee xa khéng nhin thay va sv phoi nhiém véi birc xa UVC c6 thé 6 anh hudng dén sire khée con ngudi. Hur hai thi giéc do bie x@ UVC thudng bat déu véi bénh viém giée mee do anh sng nhung cling c6 thé gay ra viém két mac do anh sng. Cac trigu chting cla viée hu hai thi giée c6 thé khong phat hign dug trong vai giér sau khi phoi nhi&in, trigu tring nay C6 thé 06 cdm gidc Ot ngdt nhu cé cat trong mat, chay nude mat, dd mét & c4c misc 46 khdc nhau. Nhimng triéu ingng nh vay C6 thé xudt hién trong Khoang tur 1h Gén 12 h sau khi phoi nhiém UVC va anh hudng hoan toan trong khong te 24 h dn 48 h. Viée phoi nhim cép tinh qué mite voi birc xa trong dai UVC 06 thé gay ra ‘sly mét thi Ic do khd chiu mat. Nhimng trigu tring nay thong gidm va bién mat sau vai ngay va khong 66 nguy hai [du dai. Nguy hai da bao gém ban dé, man dé trén da ctia bénh giéng nhu da bi chay nang nhung khéng phai do da bi phai nang. Anh hurdng len nhat cla bénh ban dé xdy ra tai buéc séng 297 nm trong dai UVB. Bic xa UVA tai bute séng 264 nm c6 Anh hudng it hon trong vide gay ra bénh ban 68, Do dé, cn danh du ¢ac ving phoi nhiém. Cac dau hiégu cdnh bao can dugc dat & cdc dia diém 06 dinh 48 bao ve nh&n vién hodc ngudi qua lai khdi tac hai cila tia UV. Cac dia diém thich hop bao gdm cd cae civa vao, thidt bi xtb ly khong khi bén ngoai, cdc cia hang thiét bi, v.v.. Uy ban quéc té vé chiéu sang (CIE) nam 2010 da hoan thanh viée xem xét lai cdc ri ro cla chdt gay ung thu quang hoc UVC tir cdc dén diét khuan st? dung cac nguyén tac ly sinh co’ ban do sy méng dan lop sting va lop té bao gai cila da. Co thé sir dung vigc khiv tring khéng khi phia trén mét cach an toan ma khéng 06 rili ro dang ké d6i vei cdc anh hyéng lau dai nhw la ung thu da.TIEU CHUAN QUOC GIA TCVN 11967:2017 Thiét bj UVC — Thong tin an toan — Gidi han phoi nhiém cho phép déi ngwoi UV-C Devices ~ Safety information - Permissible human exposure 1 Pham vi ap dung Tiéu chudn nay quy inh cdc yéu cau tdi thiéu vé an toan cho con ngudi khi stv dung cac thiét bj dan uve. Tiéu chudn nay 06 thé dp dung cho céc hé théng UVC trong éng dan, cdc hé théng UVC trong phong Gat trén cao, cac thiét bj UVC khir tring trong phang xach tay va cdc thit bj UVC khae c6 thé gay phot him cho con ngudi. Tiéu chudn nay khdng 4p dung cho cac sn phdm UVC dugec sir dung dé khe tring nude. 2 Tai ligu tham khao Céc tai liéu vin dan sau rat can thidt cho viée dp dung tiéu chudn nay. Bdi vol cdc tai liéu vién dn ghi ‘nam cGng bé thi dp dung phién ban dugc néu. Boi vdi cac tai tigu vign dan khéng ghi nam cdng bé thi 4p dung phién ban méi nhat, bao gdm ca cc sta déi, bd sung (néu 06), EN 170, Personal eye-protection ~ Ultraviolet filters ~ Transmittance requirements and recommended use (Bao vé mat cé nhan — B6 loc tia cue tim — Yéu cau truyén tai vé khuyén nghj sir dung). EN 14256-1, Mesurement and assessment of personal exposures (0 incoherent optical radiation — Part 1: Ultraviolet radiation emitted by arificial sources in the workplace (Do iudng va dah gié phoi nhiém cd nhén d6i voi bike xa quang hoc khéng lién tue — Phan 1: Tia cye tim phat ra tir cdc ngudén nhan tao & noi fam viée). 3 Thudt ngi va dinh nghia Tieu chudn nay, 4p dung cac thuat ngi va dinh nghia dusi day, 34 Bue séng (wavelength) Khodng cach gids céc don vj lp Iai cua mat dang séng.TCVN 11967:2017 CHU THICH 1: Thudng duge ky higu bang chor Hy Lap lamda (7). 32 Dai séng (waveband) Phan quang phd (spectrum section) Dai quang phé (spectrum band) Phd dign tt thudng dugc chia vao mat ving phd réng, dai phd nhd va cdc vach phé thu hep, CHU THICH: Dai song thuéng dug bigu thi nhw mét khodng cde gid tri buse séng (3.1) cu thé, doi khi chiding ‘siv dung sé hoge ky ty lam ma. 33 Bike xa tia cwc tim (ultraviolet radiation) Bure séng (3.1) cla phd dign tir 06 bire xa tt 10 nm dn 400 nm. CHU THICH: Thuéng due chia nhé thanh cdc Khoaing tir 100 nm d&n 40 nm) UVA: tir 315 nm dén 400 nm; 1 UVB: tt 280 nm dén 345 nm; ‘ UVC: tir 200 nm dén 280 nm; ' ‘UV chan khdng: tl” 100 nm dén 200 nm. 34 Ligu UV (UV dose) ‘S4n phdm cia sy chiéu xa UV va thoi gian phoi nhiém cu thé trén mét vi sinh vat hodc bé mat da bist. CHU THIGH: Litu UV éuge tinh bang miljun trén mdi xentimét vudng (mer?) 35 Téc d6 dong hat (fluence rate) Dong hat chay qua bé mat. CHU THICH: Tée 06 déng hat uge tinh bing simt, hoge W-slom. 3.6 ‘Sy chiéu xa (irradiance) Nang lwong cla birc xe dién te xdy ra trén mat don vj dién tich ba mat. CHU THICH: Sy chiéu xa duoc tinh bang microoat trén xen ti mét vudng”) (Wiem?}.. 37 Chiéu xa higu dung (effective imadiance) Nang lugng bie xa UVC tv bite xa dign ty nhan duge trén mot don vi dién tich bé matTCVN 11967:2017 38 Khis tring (disinfection) ‘Qué trinh Khir hoat tinh ca vi sinh vat it gay cht hon so voi tist tung. BSI Chiéu xa chat diét khudn bang tia UV (ultraviolet germicidal irradiation) uve! Vic gay chét node khiP hoat tinh cdc vi sinh vat bang c&ch phat xe chi yéu & bute song (3.1) la 253,7 nm, 3.10 Bue xa ké (radiometer) Dung cu duge str dung dé do ivong do bite xa, dac biét 14 sy chiéu xa (3.6) tia UV ho&e dong hat. 344 Hé théng trong éng dan (induct systems) Cac thiét bi dén UVC dugc dat trroc hoac sau thiét bi lam mat hod trong céc phan kém theo khac cilia hé théng éng dén HVAC. CHU THIGH: Xem Tailigu tham khdo (4) 3.42 H@ théng phia trén khéng khi trong phang (upper-air in room systems) Cac thiét bi dén UVC duge lap dui tran phong voi nang tvong UVC huéng lén phia trén 06 cac tam chan 06 thé diéu chinh dé git tia UVC & phia trén mat va du. CHU THICH: Xem tailigutham khdo [4). 3.13 rei bj UVC xdch tay kt tring trong phong (portabie in-room disinfection UVC device) ‘Thiét bi dé mang theo dé str dung trong cac khong gian cdn phai khi tring tia oye tim. ViDY: Thiét bj UVC Idp trén xe di dong. 3.14 Phoi nhiém (exposure) Tuy thuéc vao cc téc nhAn lay ahiém, su chidu xa, cdc hat hodc héa chat o6 thé cb nhieng tac d6ng cd hai. 3.48 Théi gian phoi nhiém cho phép (permissible exposure time) PET Khoang thdi gian tinh duoc ma con ngudi, voi va da khéng durgc bao ve, 66 thé bi phoi nhiém voi su chiéu xa (3.6) tia UV da biét khéng vuot qua giéi han phoi nhiém 64 khuyén céo (REL) clla NIOSH hoc gid tri gidf han ngubng (TLV*) (3.16) cla ACGIH déi véi bc xe UV.TCVN 11967:2017 CHU THICH: Xem tai ligu tham khao [8},(9] va [10}. 3.16 Gia tri gidi han ngwng (threshold limit value®) TL? Huréng dan vé mirc phot nhiém (3.14), theo 46 hau hét moi ngudi cd thé lam vigc lién tue tam gid méi ngay, tte ngay nay qua ngay khde, mA khéng c6 téc déng c6 hai. CHU THICH 1: AGGIH sie dung 48 chi thi mirc 63 tip xtic v6i chat 6 nhiém. CHU THICH 2: TLVs c6 thé duc tinh x4p xi bang miligam cia hat trén mdi mét khéi khéng khi (mg/m*), TLVs: duoc let ké trong 8 h nhu mat gid tri trung binh ca trong long theo thar gian (TWA) hoge 15 min nhy mot giét han phot nhiém ngén han (STEL). CHU THICH 3: Xem tai ligu tham khdo {10}. 3.47 Hw hai thi gidc (ocular damage) ‘Moi hu hai t6i mat, dac biét 1a do sw phoi nhiém (3.14) v6i nfng lwong tia UV. 3.18 Bénh viém giac mac do anh sang (photokeratitis) Vigm gidc mac sau khi tiép xic qué mle véi bite x@ tia cur tim (3.3), CHU THICH: Xem tai ligu tham khdo [3}. 3.19 Viém két giée mac do anh sang (photokeratoconjunctivitis) Viem gidic mac va viém niém mac sau khi phoi nhiém (3.14) véi tia UV. CHU THICH: Phot nhiém voi anh séng 66 bude sdng (3.1) ngdin hon 320 nm fa bi dnh hung nhét trong viée gay ra tinh trang nay. Pic cua phd tac dong khoang 270 nm ©) 3.20 Lop sieng (stratum corncum) Lop da chét bén ngoai cla da ngudi. 3.21 Ton thwong da (cutaneous damage) Moi tn hai da, dac biét 14 do phot mhiém (3.15) véi nang lung UVC. 3.22 Ban da (erythema) dé da, 6 hoac Khong 6 viém, do higu dng quang héa cua bite xa mat tréi hod bike xa quang nhan tao. ‘ 8TCVN 11967:2017 3.23 Thiét bi bao vé ca nhan (personal protective equipment) PPE Trang phuc bdo vé, mt bdo hiém, kinh bao hd, thiét bi bdo ve duéng hé hép, hodc cac thiét bi khdc Suge thiét ké 48 bao vé ngudi st dung khdi bi tn thong tir mét mdi nguy da biét, thrdng duoc st dung cho muc dich strc khoe va an loan nghé nghiép. 4 Nguén tip xie UVC 4.1 Yéu cau chung Cac ngudn UVC 06 thé fa: a) Hé théng UVC trong during éng; b)_Hé théng UVC phia trén khdng khi trong phdng; cc) Thiét bj UVC kh tring trong phong xach tay. 4.2 Sw thau qua cia nang lwong UVC Nang lwong UVC thudng khéng thau qua chat ran, va bi gidm di béi hau hét cdc vat liéu. Thiy tinh thach anh, thiy tinh bari-natri va chét déo PTFE 06 do truyén dan qua cao d6i vai birc xa UVC. Nang lugng UVC c6 thé bi phan xa tar cdc kim loai dé danh bong va mot sé loai bé mat son va khang son; Tuy nhién, khdng thé sir dung kha nang phan xa bé mat anh sang nhin thay dé chi thi do phan xa UV cia cdc vat ligu. Thye t8 c6 thé quan sat thay mét 1p s4ng mau xanh trén bé mat kim loai tir dn UY dang hoat déng dui ap sudt thdp, diéu nay cho thay sy co mat cila bie xa UVC, va can thyc hién phép do 68 dam bao khing cé rii ro phoi nhiém. CHU THICH: Nang luong tia cye tim khdng nhin thay durgc bang mét thuéng; tuy nhién, né di theo cing mot Guéng dn quang hoc nhu phd anh sang xanh nhin thay dec tao ra bai dén UVC. 4.3 Bo bec xa UVC Phép do bitc xa UVC phai tudn theo phuong phép do trong EN 142551. Phai sir dung cdc bite xa ké xach tay 06 cém bién dé diéu chinh toi s6 doc cia bute séng tir 240 nm dén 270 nm dé do nang lugng UVC tai ché. Cac phép do phai durge thy hign trong qua trinh chay thi? va trréc khi van hanh hé théng lp 68t UVGI cho cae thiét bj Khir tring UVC trong éng dan, trong phong dat phia trén khéng khi. 4.4. Bo gid tri gidi han ngwong 4.4.1 Kiém tra vi tri dt clia thiét bi va cac phép Go birc xa 6 thm mét sir dung bic xa ké chon loc & buree song 254 nm, 4.4.2 Cac mirc UVC phai duge do tryc tiép bang bivc xe ké UV déi voi thiét bj UVC [tl 1,83 m dén 2,13 m (6,0 ft va 7,0 fl)] tai cac vi tri Khac nhau trong phdng va phai due thuc hién trong cung mot vi 9TCVN 11967:2017 ‘trl véi tdong thdi gian, Nu cac $6 doc cho thay muéc liéu vot qua 6 mJ/ cm*, thi cdc hé théng UV phai dugc khiy hoat tinh cho dén khi viée diéu chinh 06 thé thyc hién duoc hode cé thé lién lac vei nha sn xuat. 4.4.3, Cac thiét bi phai duoc diéu chinh néu dé phai nhiém & tm mat vuot qué TLV 8 h cho bude séng UVC 254 nm, 44.4 C&c phép do UVC phai duoc thuc hién & tam mat [tir 1,83 m dén 2,13 m (6,0 ft va 7,0 ft)] tai cdc diém trong pham vi ca tung cau hinh. Kiém tre bé mat phan chiéu, vi dy nhu tivi hodc man hinh. 4.4.5 Cac phép do duoc thyc hién cho hé théng lép dat ban du; bat ct khi nao tp dat den UV moi (thiét ké dén mdi hon c6 thé cho sy bire xa cao hon), va bat clr khi nao thyc hién céc cai bién hé théng hoae phéng UVGI (vi dy, diéu chinh chiéu cao thiét bi, vi tri hode dia diém cla cdc thanh chan, thi bd sung cdc vat ligu hdp thy UV hoc cdc vat ligu phan xa UV, thay di kich thué phéng, thay déi chiéu cao phan ving médun). 4.4.8 Xac suat phoi nhiém can duoc danh gia trong sy tvong quan voi vi tri dat cdc dén. Cac khu vue. bj pho nhiém phai duge dénh ddu. 4.4.7 Néu da thuc hién cdc phép do bire xa, cdn théng bdo cho nhan vién vé két qua do va méi tvong quan cia céc mic do véi céc giéi han pho! nhiém va cdc rui ro vé sive khée. 5. Gioi han phoi nhiém voi UVC 5.4. Théng tin chung Nam 1972, Trung tm Kiém soat va Phong ngiva bénh tét (CDC) va Vién An toan va Sire khoé Noh’ nghiép Quéc gia (NIOSH)! 44 dua ra c4c gidi han phoi nhi&m duge khuyén cdo (REL) 641 voi phoi nhim nghé nghiép véi bire xa tia UV. REL™ nhdm bdo vé ngwdi lao déng khdi nhteng anh hudng cép tinh cia phoi nhiém tia cue tim. NhGng nguéoi nhay cam véi anh sng va nhimg ngudi bi phoi nhiém véi cAc héa chat quang hoat c6 thé khdng dugc bao vé bdi tisu chudn da khuyén nghi. 5.2. Phoi nhiém UVC téi da cho phép Tiéu chuan nay chap nhan cdc gia tri phoi nhiém UVC t6i da cho phép REL"), va phoi nhiém UVC tdi da ccho phép phai khéng vuot qué gid tri phoi nhiém TLV cia AGGIH va REL cla NIOSH 6,0 mJ/em? trong 8 gid m6i ngay, 40 gir mai tudn lam viée vai burc xa tia UV & bute séng 254 nm. 8101, 10TCVN 11967:2017 Bang 1 - Sy phoi nhiém UVC téi da cho phép d6i voi bive xa & bude séng 254 nm Thoi gian pho nhiém cho phép Lieu chiéu xa hiéu dung { Wier? 2h 0,07 {ah : 0.09 ~A2h 0,14 toh 0.17 ah : “02 4h 0A ~ | 2h 08 7 th 17 [ 30 min 33 15min a7 10 min 10 min 20 Z 1 min ‘100 i 30s : : 200 18s 400 | ‘ 5s 1200 1s 6000 | HICH: Bang nay duve dya tran th phoi nhiém tia UV tdi da cla NIOSH/AGGIH Vige xem xét gid tr] gidi han nguéng® (TLV®) cn diya trén thai gian st? dung thyc cila khéng gian duge xi ly béi UVGI Mai day, First va cdc 1 chirc tién quant") da dua ra khuyén nghi vé cc 66 ligu giam sat UV cho thy 6 doc ota dung cu do pic khéng dy bao duge sy phoi nhiém thyc cla nhding ngudi & trong phéng. 5.3. Phuong tin bao vé c4 nhan ‘Sy phoi nhiém vot qua mirc 48 figt ké trong Bang 1 yéu clu nguo’ lam viée sir dung phuong tién bao vé cA nhan (PPE). PPE phai bao gém cc phuong tién sau: a) _Kinh chéng UV, nhy kinh bao hd, phuong tién bao vé dudng hd hép va kinh an toan, viée lyre chan ‘mt thiét bi bao vé mat ph hop phai tudn thi theo EN 170; b) Quan do khdng truyén dan sy thdu qua cla UVC, dé bao vé da khdi bi phot nhiém. 5.4 Bao tao an toan ‘Sy an foan céa nh&n vién 1 quan trong nhat vi ho khéng chi la nhng ngudi thudng xuyén bj phoi nhiém vei tia cye tim, ma ho cdn can phdi xu ly cae vat liéu va kiém tra c&c hé théng lép at Ngudi lam viée can duge dao tgo nhiéu nat khi cdn thiét, bao gm dao tao vé strc khoé va an toan, va mot 86 khéa dao tao ve viée siv dung den va vat ligu (dac biét déi v6i lvong thiy ngan cla den). "TCVN 11967:2017 Nhén vidn lam vide véi thiét bj UVC hode gain cac thidt bi UVC sé dug dao tao vé nhizng diéu sau; a) PPE duroc yéu cau; b) Cae chi d& vé strc khod va an toan; ¢) Sivdung dén UVC; 4) C&c méi nguy hai do pho nhiém voi UVC mét cach v6 tinh trong céc khu wy lam vige: e) Cap effu sau phoi nhiém. 12TCVN 11967:2017 Thy muc tai tigu tham khao. [4] DIN 5031, Optical radiation physisc and iltumination engingering. [2] CIE 174, international lighting vocabuitary ~ Chepter 845: Lighting [3] CIE 108, CIE collection in Photobiotogy and Photochemistry [4] CIE 185, Ultraviolet Air Disinfection [5] CIE 187, UV-C Photocarcinagenesis Risk from Germicadal Lamps [6] DIFFY 8.L. mathematical model for ultraviolet optics in skin. Phys. Med. Biol. 1983, 28 pp. 657-747 {7} BRULS W. Transmission of human epidermis and stratum corneum as a function of thickness in the ultraviolet and visible wavelengths. Joural of Photochemistry and Photobiology. 1984, 40 pp. 485-494, {8} NIOSH. Criteria for a recommended standerd: Occipational exposure to ulravialet radiaction Publication 73-11009. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, D.C, 1972 [9] CDCINIOSH. Recommended Exposure Limit. REL, 2005 (10) AGGIH. 2007. TLVs® and BELs*. American Conference of Governmental human Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, OH [11] FIRST MW., WEKER R.A, YASUI S., NARDELL E.A, Monitoring human exposures to upper- room germicidal ultraviolet irradiation. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg, 2005, 2 pp. 285-292 [12] VINCENT R,, & BRICKNER P. Safety and UV Exporure. /AQ Applications, Vol. 9 No. 3, Summer 2008 13