2020

PROJECT REPORT

Digital Logic Design

GROUP PROJECT
PRESENTED TO: MA’AM ASMA RAMAY

GROUP MEMBERS:
AITAZAZ QURESHI | CIIT/FA19-BCE-050
ABDULLAH SHAMS | CIIT/FA19-BCE-047
Contents
4 WAY TRAFFIC SIGNAL ............................................................................................................... 2
Introduction: ....................................................................................................................................... 2
Project Theory: ................................................................................................................................... 2
Components Required: ....................................................................................................................... 2
Working Mechanism: ......................................................................................................................... 3
Circuit Diagram: ................................................................................................................................. 3
Advantages of Traffic Signal: ............................................................................................................ 4
 4 WAY TRAFFIC SIGNAL
Introduction:
Traffic signals, also known as traffic lights are signaling devices positioned at road intersections,
pedestrian crossings and other locations to control competing flows of traffic. Traffic lights were
first installed in 1868 in London and are now used all over the world.
Traffic congestion is a severe problem in many modern cities around the world. Traffic congestion
has been causing many critical problems in many popular cities of the world. Traffic congestion
directly impacts the companies. Due to traffic congestion there is a loss in productivity from
workers, trade opportunities are lost, delivery gets delayed and therefore the costs goes on
increasing.
To solve these congestion problems, we have to build new facilities and infrastructure but at the
same time we have to develop a smarter system.
Now a days due to ever increasing vehicles on the road, we require an efficient control on the four
way junction of road. For this purpose we have given the concept of an automatic traffic control
signal in this project. Traffic control signal provides efficient control of traffic and also eliminates
chance of human errors since it functions automatically.

Project Theory:
This traffic control circuit can be used to control traffic on roads or in public places. In one traffic
signal there are three LED’s of RED, YELLOW and GREEN color simultaneously. The main
circuit used is 555-timer and 4-bit binary synchronous counter (74161). The 555-Timer generates
clock signal for 5 seconds. The signal is used to clock counter circuit. The traffic light control is
done by different logic gates.

Components Required:
Following components are required for this project:
1. 1 555 timer IC
2. 1 74161 IC
3. 3 CD 4073 IC’s (AND Gate)
4. 2 CD 4071 IC’s (OR Gate)
5. 1 CD 4070 IC (XOR Gate)
6. 1 CD 4069 IC (NOT Gate)
7. Three LED’s (Red, Yellow and Green)
8. Capacitor of 50µF
9. 2 Resistors of 5kΩ
10. 10V Battery
Working Mechanism:
The 74161 IC is the essential part of the circuit. The 75161 IC is used as a counter to light red,
yellow and green LED’s one by one. It will sync the system such that if Green LED in one lane is
ON then Green LED in other lanes will be OFF. We have also used a 555 timer IC to create
intervals between the transitioning of traffic lights. The 555 timer will act as a pulse generator
providing input to the 74161 IC which will determine the interval between transitions of traffic
lights. As the 555 timer IC has fixed intervals, so we have used 2 resistors to change the
transitioning timer of 555 timer IC.

Circuit Diagram:
Advantages of Traffic Signal:
Traffic signals are valuable devices for the control of vehicle traffic. These traffic signals provide
following advantages to us:
 They provide orderly movement of traffic.
 They reduce the occurrence of road accidents.
 Under favorable conditions, they can be coordinated to provide for continuous movement
of traffic at a definite speed along a given route.
 They can be used to interrupt heavy traffic, allowing pedestrians to pass.