erix fromi

Erich Seligmann Fromm

adamianis suli

gamomcemloba „aqti“
Tbilisi _ 2020
mTargmneli: nugzar kuWuxiZe

gamomcemeli: gizo cacua

gamomcemloba „aqti“, 2020 weli

veb gverdi: akti.ge

© nugzar kuWuxiZe

ISBN 978-9941-8-2483-8
 sarCevi

mTargmnelis winasityvaoba..............................................5

unari sikeTisa da borotebis .........................................9

1. adamiani mgelia Tu cxvari?.....................................13
2. Zaladobis gansxvavebuli formebi..........................22
3. individualuri da sazogadoebrivi narcisizmi....38
vin aris adamiani? ........................................................82
adamiani eulia...............................................................95
varT ki normalurebi?................................................104

SeiZleba ki sazogadoeba iyos sneuli?

normalurobis paTologia.......................................113
gamanadgurebloba .......................................................124
avtoritarizmi..............................................................131

simboloebi miTSi, zRaparSi, adaT-wessa

da romanSi ....................................................................172
miTi oidiposis Sesaxeb ..........................................173
miTi samyaros Seqmnis Sesaxeb ...............................204
wiTelquda ..............................................................207
SabaTis adaT-wesi ...................................................212
franc kafkas „procesi“ ........................................220

SeniSvnebi da ganmartebebi.........................................235
gamomcemloba „aqti“-s mier gamocemuli wignebi .....239

_ 3_
 mTargmnelis winasityvaoba

saxelovanma humanistma moazrovnem, filosofos-

ma, sociologma, fsiqologma, fsiqoanalitikosma, erix
fromma Rrma kvali daamCnia adamianis sulis Seswavlis
saqmes. man masStaburad da yovlismomcvelad Seiswavla
da gaaanaliza sulis idumali labirinTebi, warmogvidgi-
na gaucxoebuli, Tanamedrove adamianis destruqciuli
mdgomareoba da winaswarmetyvelurad miuTiTa momavlis
adamianis savaraudo mdgomareobaze: „gaucxoebasa da
avtomatizacias mivyavarT mzard sigiJemde. cxovrebas
azri ara aqvs, masSi arc sixarulia, arc rwmena, arc re-
aloba. yvela „bednieria“, Tumca verafers ver grZnoben,
aravin uyvarT da arc gansjian. XIX saukuneSi problema
mdgomareobda imaSi, rom RmerTi mkvdaria, XX saukuneSi
ki _ adamiani. XIX saukuneSi araadamianuroba aRiniSnebo-
da sisatikiT, xolo XX saukuneSi igi aRiniSneba Sizoidu-
ri TviTgaucxoebiT. warsulSi safrTxe mdgomareobda
adamianTa damonebaSi; momavalSi safrTxe mdgomareobdes
iqneba imaSi, rom adamianebi SeiZleba gaxdnen robotebi“.
ori msoflio omis saSinelebaTa momswre moazrovnes,
mravalwliani fsiqoanalitikosis praqtikulma gamoc-
dilebam da uRrmesi Teoriuli codnis mqones, SeeZlo
amgvari ram eTqva: „Tanamedrove adamianis tvini am sauku-
neSi cxovrobs, xolo suli _ qvis xanaSi“.

_ 5_
 erix froms Tanamedrove adamianis destruqciulo-
ba, romelic mJRavndeba ZaladobaSi, sadizmSi, mazoxi-
zmsa da narcisizmSi, mTeli srulyofilebiT aqvs gaan-
alizebuli.
metad originaluri da friad sainteresoa from-
iseuli analizi im simboloebisa, romelic gvxvdeba
adaT-wesebSi, miTebSi, zRaprebsa da romanebSi. am anal-
izis dros igi avlens, agreTve, xelovnebisa da zogadad
kulturis Rrma codnas.
gaucxoebuli, Tanamedrove adamiani axali Rmer-
Tis Ziebis fuW da molipul gzaze qmnis kerpebs poli-
tikosis, politikuri partiis, sportsmenis, msaxiobis,
telewamyvanis, fulis, manqanis saxiT da miawers maT
maTTvis ucxo Rirebulebebs, eTayvaneba maT da moelis
maTgan misTvis gadauWreli sasicocxlo problemebis
gadawyvetas.
SemTxveviT ar uTqvams, brwyinvale frang filoso-
foss _ Jil deliozs es sityvebi: „sircxvilia adamianad
yofna!“ siyvarulis deficitisa da gulgrilobis epo-
qaSi yoveldRiuri unayofo, uSinaarso facifuci ver
daabrunebs adamians adamianuri TanagrZnobis arealSi.
msoflioSi mimdinare ideologiur-politikur-
ma Sexla-Semoxlam, saxelmwifoTa Soris arnaxul-
ma mtrobam da Widilma, terorizmma da totalurma
avtoritarizmma ukana planze gadawia kacobriobis
sulier-SemoqmedebiTi cxovreba da kultura. ideol-
ogiebi, romlebic adrec da dResac kulturis gamov-
lenad miaCniaT, uaryofiT gavlenas axdenda da axdens
kacobriobis sulier-moralur arsebobaze. TviT re-
ligiebic ki, romlis imanenturi mniSvneloba adamianis
tanjvis Semsubuqeba, imedis Casaxva da gaRviveba iyo,
daiSritnen da ganviTarebis Semaferxeblad iqcnen.

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ufro metic, isini sisxlismRvreli xocva-Jletis sa-
fuZvelic ki gaxda.
gulgrilobam, usamarTlobam, farisevlobam, moCven-
ebiTi zneobiT SefuTulma saqmianobam, gaxrwna da adami-
anuri saxe daakargvina sazogadoebas. sanTliT saZebar-
ia Rirseuli, kulturuli, SemoqmedebiTi sulis mqone
adamianebi, magram arian, cotani! warmoiSva pirovnebis
deficiti! „uwin iyvnen pirovnebebi, axla aris xalxi“ (m.
haidegeri). empiriul da teqnikur mecnierebaTa ganvi-
Tarebis safuZvelze warmoqmnil civilizacias adamianebi
sulieri katastrofisaken, „civilizebuli barbarosobi-
saken“ (n. berdiaevi) mihyavs. teqnikurad maRalganviTare-
buli, civilizebuli saxelmwifoebi kvlav agrZeleben
mcire, naklebganviTarebuli qveynebis eqspansias, xalx-
ebis daSinebasa da Cagvras. avtoritaruli saxelmwifoe-
bi cinikurad ucqerian mcire erebs, isini ki uqceviaT
dacinvisa da abuCad agdebis sagnad. sindismiZinebuli
Tanamedrove adamiani dums da es dumili daRupavs kaco-
briobas. „anonimur ZalauflebaTa“ tyveobaSi myofi Ta-
namedrove adamiani srul gaucxoebaSi cxovrobs. indi-
vidis piradi vaJkacoba, gambedaoba da damoukidebloba
unda gaxdes ganviTarebis mZlavri saSualeba. es ki yvela
individis valdebulebaa, Tuki igi Tavs adamianad miiC-
nevs.

nugzar kuWuxiZe

_ 7_
 unari sikeTisa da borotebis

am wignSi ganviTarebas hpovebs ideebi, romlebsac

yuradReba mivaqcie Cems adrindel TxzulebebSi. naS-
romSi _ „Tavisuflebisagan gaqceva“, gamovikvlie Ta-
visuflebis problema sadizmTan,1 mazoxizmsa2 da de-
struqciulobasTan3 kavSirSi; klinikurma praqtikam da
Teoriulma Cafiqrebam TandaTan mimiyvana Tavisuflebi-
sa da agreTve sxvadasxva saxis agresiulobisa da de-
struqciulobis ufro Rrma gagebamde. axla, SemiZlia
ganvasxvavo agresiulobis sxvadasxva forma, romelic
pirdapir Tu arapirdapir emsaxureba sicocxles, de-
struqciulobis avTvisebiani formidan _ nekrofilisa-
gan, anu mkvdrisadmi namdvili siyvarulisagan, romelic
biofiliis _ sicocxlisa da cocxalisadmi siyvarulis _
sapirispiros warmoadgens. wignSi _ „adamiani TavisTvis“
ganvixile eTikur normaTa problema, romelic emyareba
Cvens codnas adamianuri bunebis Sesaxeb da ara gamocxa-
debas, an adamianis mier Seqmnil kanonebsa da tradic-
iebs. aq, me vagrZeleb mocemuli mimarTulebiT kvlevas
da gansakuTrebul yuradRebas vaqcev borotebis arsis
Seswavlas da sikeTesa da borotebas Soris arCevanis
problemebs. garkveuli azriT, es wigni, romlis mTavari
Temaa _ adamianis ngrevis unari, misi narcisizmi4 da in-
cestualuri5 midrekileba; sapirispiroa Cemi naSromis _
„siyvarulis xelovneba“, romelSic saubari iyo siyvaru-
lis unaris Sesaxeb. Tumca, mocemul naSromSi siyvaru-

_ 9_
lis ganxilvas didi adgili ar ukavia, magram, miuxedavad
amisa, masSi maincaa laparaki siyvarulis Sesaxeb, magram
axleburi, ufro farTo azriT _ sicocxlisadmi siyvar-
ulis Sesaxeb. vcdilobdi meCvenebina, rom siyvaruli
cocxalisadmi SeerTebuli aris damoukideblobasa da
narcisizmis gadalaxvasTan da warmoqmnis „ganviTarebis
sindroms“, sapirispiros „rRvevis sindromisa“, romelic
warmoiSveba mkvdrisadmi siyvarulisagan, incestualuri
simbiozisagan6 da avTvisebiani narcisizmisagan.
ara mxolod klinicisturma gamocdilebam, aramed,
ukanaskneli wlebis sazogadoebrivma da politikurma
ganviTarebam, maiZula rRvevis sindromis kvleva. kvlav
mwvaved dgas sakiTxi: ratomaa, miuxedavad keTili nebi-
sa da atomuri omis Sedegebis gacnobierebisa, misi Tav-
idan acilebis cdebi aseTi umniSvnelo omis warmoSobis
saSiSroebis siZlieresa da albaTobasTan SedarebiT.
mimdinareobs gamalebuli atomuri SeiaraReba, grZel-
deba „civi omi“. swored, SiSma maiZula gamomekvlia, sul
ufro meqanizirebul, industriul samyaroSi, gulgri-
lobis fenomenis mimarTeba sicocxlesTan. am samyaroSi,
adamiani gaxda nivTi da amis Sedegad, igi SiSiT da gulgri-
lobiT, Tu ara, siZulviliT upirispirdeba sicocxles.
axlandeli midrekileba Zaladobisaken, gamomJRavnebuli
axalgazrdaTa danaSaulebebsa da politikur mkvlelobeb-
Si, Cvens winaSe ayenebs cvlilebaTa gzaze pirveli nabijis
gadadgmis amocanas. wamoiWra sakiTxi: saqme kidec rom ar
mivides atomur omamde, mainc xom ar mivdivarT axali bar-
barosobis mimarTulebiT, Tu SesaZlebelia Cveni humanis-
turi tradiciis renesansi?!
mocemuli problemis ganxilvasTan erTad, msurda
gameSuqebina, rogor Seefardeba Cemi fsiqoanalitikuri
warmodgenebi froidis Teorias. me, arasdros veTanxme-
bodi Cems mikuTvnebas fsiqoanalizis axal „skolasTan“,
rogorc ar unda uwodon mas _ „kulturuli skola“ Tu

_ 10 _
„neofroidizmi“. darwmunebuli var, am skolebma mogvces
mniSvnelovani Sedegebi, magram zogierTma maTganma ukana
planze gadawia froidis mravali mniSvnelovani aRmoCena.
me, namdvilad ar warmovadgen „orTodoqsalur froid-
ists“. saqme imaSia, rom yoveli Teoria, romelic ar icv-
leba 60 wlis ganmavlobaSi, swored, amis gamo, amieridan
aRar warmoadgens sawyis Teorias misi Semqmnelisa; igi
ufro winandelis gaqvavebuli gameorebaa da rogorc
aseTi, sinamdvileSi gardaiqmneba ganwyobad. froidma
Tavisi fuZemdebluri aRmoCenebi ganaxorciela savsebiT
gansazRvrul filosofiur sistemaSi, (meqanisturi mate-
rializmis sistemaSi), romlis mimdevrebi, Cveni sauku-
nis dasawyisSi, iyvnen bunebismetyvelTa umravlesoba.
mimaCnia, rom aucilebelia froidis ideebis sxva filo-
sofiur sistemaSi Semdgomi ganviTareba, saxeldobr _
dialeqtikuri humanizmis sistemaSi. vcdilobdi am wign-
Si meCvenebina, rom froidis udides aRmoCenaTa gzaze _
oidiposis kompleqsis, narcisizmis, sikvdilis instinq-
tis _ idga misi msoflmxedvelobrivi ganwyobani da Tuki
es aRmoCenebi gaTavisufldeba Zvelisagan da gadayvanil
iqneba axal sistemaSi, is gaxdeba ufro damajerebeli da
mniSvnelovani. vfiqrob, rom humanizmis sistema misi ul-
mobeli kritikis, ukompromiso realizmisa da racional-
uri rwmenis paradoqsuli nareviT mogvcems Senobis Sem-
dgomi nayofieri ganviTarebis SesaZleblobas, romlis
saZirkveli froidis mier iqna Cayrili.
kidev erTi SeniSvna: am wignSi gadmocemuli azrebi em-
yareba Cems, rogorc fsiqoanalitikosis klinikur saqmi-
anobas (da ramdenadme sazogadoebriv procesSi monaw-
ileobis Cems gamocdilebas). amasTanave, masSi mciredaa
gamoyenebuli dokumenturi masala, romelic minda ga-
moviyeno humanisturi fsiqoanalizis Teoriisa da praq-
tikisadmi miZRvnil didi moculobis naSromSi.

_ 11 _
 minda xazi gavusva, rom fsiqoanalizze Cemi Tval-
sazrisi arc erT SemTxvevaSi ar warmoadgens froidis
Teoriis e.w. „egzistenciuri analiziT“ Secvlis survi-
ls. froidis Teoriis es erzaci7 xSir SemTxvevaSi metad
zerelea. cnebebi, haidegeridan an sartridan (an huserl-
idan) nasesxebi, gamoiyeneba klinikur faqtebTan guldas-
miT mofiqrebuli kavSiris gareSe. es exeba, rogorc cno-
bil „egzistenciur fsiqoanalitikosebs“, aseve sartris
fsiqologiur ideebs, romelic, Tumca brwyinvaledaa
formulirebuli, magram, mainc zedapirulia da ara aqvT
mtkice klinikuri safuZveli. sartris egzistencializmi,
iseve rogorc haidegeris, _ ara axali sawyisi, aramed
dasasrulia. orive laparakobs, ori msoflio omis, hit-
lerisa da stalinis reJimebis Semdgom dasavlel adami-
anebze Tavsdatexil sasowarkveTilebaze, magram maTTan
laparakia ara mxolod sasowarkveTilebis gamovlenaze,
aramed ukiduresi burJuaziuli egoizmisa da solif-
sizmis manifestaciis Sesaxebac. savsebiT gasagebia es na-
cizmis TanamgrZnobel haidegerTan. sartri bevrad ufro
gvibnevs Tavgzas, romelic amtkicebs, rom is marqsisti
da momavlis filosofosi aris, amasTanave rCeba ukanon-
obisa da egoizmis sazogadoebis sulis warmomadgenlad,
romelsac is akritikebs da surs Secvalos. rac Seexeba
Tvalsazriss, romlis Tanaxmadac sicocxles aqvs azri,
ara boZebuli da ara romelime RmerTis mier garantire-
buli, romelic warmodgenilia bevr sistemaSi, religiebs
Soris _ upirveles yovlisa budizmSi. sartrsa da mis
momxreebs, xelidan eclebaT Teisturi da araTeisturi,
religiebisa da humanisturi tradiciis mniSvnelovani
monapovari, roca amtkiceben, rom ar arsebobs yvela ada-
mianisaTvis mniSvnelobis mqone obieqturi Rirebulebebi
da arsebobs egoisturi TviTnebobidan gamomdinare Tav-
isuflebis gageba.

_ 12 _
 1. adamiani mgelia Tu cxvari?

erTni adamianebs cxvrebad miiCneven, meoreni ki xarb

mglebad. TavianTi Tvalsazrisis sasargeblod orive mx-
ares SeuZlia argumentebis motana. mas, vinc adamianebs
cxvrebad miiCnevs, SeuZlia miuTiTos Tundac imaze, rom
adamianebi iolad asruleben sxva adamianTa brZanebebs,
TviT Tavis sazianodac ki. mas SeuZlia daumatos agreTve,
rom adamianebi isev da isev mihyvebian TavianT beladebs
im saqmeSi, romelic maT arafers aZlevs, garda ngrevisa,
maT sjeraT yovelgvari uazrobis, Tuki igi gadmoicema
saTanado daJinebiTa da ganmtkicebulia xelisufalTa
avtoritetiT _ mRvdelTa da mefeTa pirdapiri muqari-
dan, metnaklebad uCinar macdurTa Semparav xmebamde. ge-
goneba, rom adamianTa umravlesoba, mTvlemare bavSvis
msgavsad, advilad emorCileba Cagonebas da mzadaa unebi-
syofod mihyves yvelas, vinc mas emuqreba Tu epirfereba
da sakmaod jiutad arwmunebs maT. mtkice mrwamsis adami-
ani, brbos zegavlenis ugulvebelmyofeli, gamonaklisia.
igi xSirad iwvevs momdevno TaobaTa aRtacebas, magram,
rogorc wesi, warmoadgens qveynis sasacilos mis Tana-
medroveTa TvalSi.
didi inkvizitorebi da diqtatorebi Tavisi Zalau-
flebis sistemas afuZnebdnen Sexedulebaze, rom adamiane-
bi cxvrebia. swored, Sexeduleba, romlis Tanaxmadac ada-
mianebi cxvrebia da amitomac, saWiroeben winamZRolebs,
maT nacvlad gadawyvetilebis mimRebT, xSirad aniWebdnen

_ 13 _
TviT winamZRolebs mtkice rwmenas, rom isini asrule-
ben savsebiT moralur, Tumca, zogjer friad tragikul
movaleobas: kisrulobdnen xelmZRvanelobas, pasuxismge-
blobisa da Tavisuflebis tvirTs Camoxsnidnen sxvebs da
adamianebs aZlevdnen imas, rac maT surdaT.
magram, Tuki adamianTa umravlesoba cxvaria, maSin
ratom ewevian isini imgvar cxovrebas, romelic savsebiT
sawinaaRmdegoa? kacobriobis istoria sisxliTaa dawer-
ili. esaa Seuwyveteli Zaladobis istoria, vinaidan ada-
mianebi TiTqmis yovelTvis imorCilebdnen Tavis msgavss
Zalis meSveobiT. gana TalaaT_faSam TviTon mokla mil-
ioni somexi? gana, hitlerma TviTon daxoca milionobiT
ebraeli? gana, stalinma TviTon gaanadgura milionobiT
Tavisi politikuri mowinaaRmdege? ara, es adamianebi mar-
toni ar iyvnen. maT gankargulebaSi imyofeboda aTasobiT
sxva adamiani, romlebic xocavdnen da awamebdnen da amas
sCadiodnen ara ubralo surviliT, aramed siamovnebiTac
ki. gana, Cven yvelgan ar vawydebiT adamianis araadami-
anurobas _ omis Seubraleblad warmoebis, mkvlelobisa
da Zaladobis SemTxvevaSi, ZlierTa mier sustebis mou-
ridebeli eqsploataciis dros? magram, gawamebulTa da
Cagrul arsebaTa kvnesa xSirad ejaxeba smenadakargul
yurebsa da gamZvinvarebul guls! yovelive aqedan, is-
eTma moazrovnem, rogoric hobsia, gamoitana daskvna:
„homo nomini lupus est“, _ „adamiani adamianisaTvis mgelia“.
dRes, bevri Cvengani midis im daskvnamde, rom adamiani
dabadebidanve warmoadgens borot da destruqciul ar-
sebas, rom igi gvagonebs mkvlels, romelsac sayvarel
saqmianobaze SeiZleba xeli aaRebinos mxolod ufro
Zlieri mkvlelisadmi SiSma.
da mainc, verc erTi mxaris argumentebi ver gvarw-
muneben. marTalia, Cven piradad gvinaxavs potenciuri
Tu aSkara mkvlelebi da sadistebi, romelTac Tavian-
Ti urcxvobiT SeeZloT gatolebodnen kidec stalinsa

_ 14 _
Tu hitlers, magram eseni mainc gamonaklisebi iyvnen.
nuTu, Cven marTla unda miviCnioT, rom TviT Cven da
Cveulebriv adamianTa umravlesoba mxolod cxvris tyav-
Si gaxveuli mgelia, rom Cveni WeSmariti buneba TiTqos-
da gamomJRavndeba mxolod mas Semdeg, rac ukuvagdebT
Sekavebis faqtorebs, romelic xels gviSlida aqamde
davmsgavsebodiT mxecs?
Tumca, Znelia amaSi Sedaveba, magram azrTa aseTi
mdinareba ar SeiZleba savsebiT damajareblad iqnes aR-
iarebuli. yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi aris SesaZlebloba
sisastikisa da sadizmis gamovlenis, Tanac, xSirad maTi
realizeba SeiZleba samagieros gadaxdis SiSis gareSe. mi-
uxedavad amisa, mravali amas ar sCadis da piriqiT, ziz-
RiT reagirebs, roca amgvar movlenebs Seejaxeba.
iqneb, arsebobs am gasaocar winaaRmdegobaTa sxvag-
vari, ukeTesi axsna? SeiZleba, pasuxi martivia da mdgo-
mareobs imaSi, rom mglebis umciresoba cxvrebis umravle-
sobis gverdiT cxovrobs? mglebs swadiaT kvla, cxvrebs
surT akeTon is, rasac maT ubrZaneben. mglebi aiZuleben
cxvrebs kvlasa da daxrCobas, xolo isini iqcevian ase
ara marto imitom, rom es maT siamovnebas hgvris, aramed
imitom, rom maT surT mglebisadmi damorCileba. garda
amisa, cxvrebis umravlesobis mglebiviT moqmedebisaken
waqezebisaTvis mkvlelebma unda moigonon TavianTi saqmi-
anobis samarTlianobisaTvis, Tavisuflebis dacvis, ro-
melsac TiTqos saSiSroeba emuqreba, xiStebiT gangmiru-
li bavSvebisaTvis SurisZiebis, namusaxdili qalebisa da
SebRaluli Rirsebis Sesaxeb ambebi. es pasuxi damajereb-
lad JRers, magram amis Semdegac bevri eWvi rCeba. xom ar
niSnavs es, rom arsebobs ori adamianuri rasa _ mglebi
da cxvrebi? garda amisa, wamoiWreba sakiTxi: Tu es araa
maTi bunebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli, maSin cxvrebs ase io-
lad ratom acdunebs mglebis moqmedeba, roca Zaladoba
warmodgenilia rogorc maTi wminda movaleoba? iqneb,

_ 15 _
adamianis niSandobliv Tvisebas marTlacda warmoadgens
raRac mgluri da umetesoba aSakarad ar amJRavnebs amas?
SeiZleba, alternativis Sesaxeb saerTod arc unda iyos
laparaki? iqneb, adamiani erTdroulad mgelicaa da cx-
varic, Tu arc erTia da arc meore?
dRes, roca erebi gansazRvraven TavianTi „mtrebis“
winaaRmdeg metad saSiSi damangreveli iaraRis gamoy-
enebis SesaZleblobas da rogorc Cans, ar aSinebT maso-
brivi ganadgurebis dros sakuTari Tavis daRupvac, am
kiTxvebze pasuxis gacemas gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eni-
Weba. Tuki Cven darwmunebuli viqnebiT, rom adamiani
dabadebidanve midrekilia ngrevisaken, rom Zaladobis
gamoyenebis moTxovnileba Rrmad fesvgamdgaria mis ar-
sebaSi, aman SeiZleba Seasustos Cveni winaaRmdegoba sul
ufro mzardi sisastikisadmi. risTvisaa saWiro mglebi-
sadmi winaaRmdegobis gaweva, Tuki Cven, yvela raRac
xarisxiT, mglebi varT? sakiTxi _ adamiani mgelia Tu cx-
vari _ esaa mxolod sakiTxis gamaxvilebuli formuli-
reba, romelic metad farTo da zogadi azriT miekuT-
vneba dasavluri samyaros Teologiuri da filosofiuri
azrovnebis fuZemdeblur problemebs, sakuTriv: aris
Tu ara sinamdvileSi adamiani boroti an mankieri, Tu
Tavisi arsiT igi keTilia da SeuZlia TviTsrulyofa?
Zveli aRTqma adamians missave safuZvelSi mankierad ar
miiCnevs. RmerTisadmi adamisa da evas daumorCileblo-
ba ar ganixileba rogorc codva. Cven versad ver vpou-
lobT miTiTebebs imaze, rom daumorCileblobam daRupa
adamiani. piriqiT, es daumorCilebloba warmoadgens imis
winapirobas, rom adamianma gaicnobiera Tavisi Tavi, rom
is gaxda SemZle gadawyvitos Tavisi saqmeebi. amrigad,
daumorCileblobis es pirveli aqti, saboloo angariS-
iT, warmoadgens adamianis pirvel nabijs Tavisuflebis
gzaze. gegoneba kidec, rom es daumorCilebloba gaTval-
iswinebulia RvTis gegmiT. winaswarmetyvelTa Tanaxmad,
_ 16 _
swored imis wyalobiT, rom adamiani gamoZevebul iqna
samoTxidan, igi aRmoCnda SemZle TviTon Seeqmna Tavi-
si istoria, ganemtkicebina Tavisi adamianuri Zalebi da
sruliad ganviTarebuli individis saxiT mieRwia sxva
adamianebTan da bunebasTan harmoniisaTvis. am harmo-
niam daikava winandeli adgili, romelSic adamiani jer
kidev ar iyo individi. winaswarmetyvelTa mesianuri azri
aSkarad momdinareobs iqidan, rom adamiani Tavis safuZ-
velSi umankoa da SeiZleba gadarCenil iqnas RvTis wy-
alobis gansakuTrebuli aqtis gareSe.
rasakvirvelia, amiT jer kidev araa naTqvami, rom misi
unari sikeTisadmi aucileblad gaimarjvebs. Tuki adami-
ani sCadis borotebas, maSin igi TviTonac uaresi xdeba.
ase, magaliTad, faraonis guli „gaafTrda“, vinaidan igi
mudam borotebas sCadioda. igi gaafTrda imdenad, rom
garkveul momentSi misTvis SeuZlebeli gaxda yvelaferi
xelaxla daewyo da moenaniebina Cadenilis gamo. Zveli
aRTqma Seicavs borotmoqmedebaTa aranakleb magaliTs,
vidre samarTlian saqmeTa, magram masSi erTxelac ar
xdeba gamonaklisis daSveba iseTi amaRlebuli saxeebi-
saTvisac ki, rogoricaa daviT mefe. Zveli aRTqmis Tval-
sazrisiT adamians ZaluZs kargic da cudic, man arCevani
unda gaakeTos sikeTisa da borotebas, locva-kurTxevasa
da wyevlas, sicocxlesa da sikvdils Soris. RmerTi ara-
sodes ar ereva gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi. igi exmareba,
agzavnis ra Tavis mociqulebs, winaswarmetyvelebs, raTa
daarigos adamianebi Tu ranairad SeuZliaT maT borotebis
gamocnoba da sikeTis ganxorcieleba, raTa gaafrTxilos
isini da Seedavos maT. magram, yovelive amis aRsrulebis
Semdeg adamiani pirispir rCeba Tavis „or instinqtTan“ _
sikeTisa da borotebisaken miswrafebebTan, axla ki, man
TviTon unda gadawyvitos es problema.
qristianobis ganviTareba sxvagvarad mimdinareobda.
qristianuli rwmenis Camoyalibebis gzaze gaCnda Tval-
_ 17 _