Design of Wall :-

Depth of Soil H = 3m
Unit Weight of Soil = 18 KN/m3
Unit Weight of Concrete = 25 KN/m3
Clear Cover = 45 mm
Grade of Concrete M - 30 = 30 N/mm2
Grade of Steel Fe - 500 = 500 N/mm2
Ka = 0.33
B.M. Coefficient = 3.98

Design of Long Wall :-

2.) Tank Empty With Outside Soil Pressure

Factored
Moment
Moment Due to
Height of Soil Due to Soil Soil Thickness Thickness
Wall Pressure Pressure Pressure Req. Prov. Ast Req. Min. Ast
m KN/m2 KN-m KN-m mm mm mm2 mm2
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 200 0.00 350
0.30 1.78 0.03 0.04 3.17 200 0.62 350
0.60 3.56 0.21 0.32 8.98 200 4.95 350
0.90 5.35 0.72 1.08 16.49 200 16.74 350
1.20 7.13 1.71 2.57 25.39 200 39.79 350
1.50 8.91 3.34 5.01 35.49 200 78.05 350
1.80 10.69 5.77 8.66 46.65 200 135.75 350
2.10 12.47 9.17 13.75 58.78 200 217.58 350
2.40 14.26 13.69 20.53 71.82 200 328.99 350
2.70 16.04 19.49 29.23 85.70 200 476.60 350
3.00 17.82 26.73 40.10 100.37 200 668.98 350

Maximum Factored B.M. 40.10 KN-m

40.1 x 10^6
Thickness Req. = = 100.37 mm
3.98 x 1000
Provided Thickness (D) = 200 mm
Clear Cover = 45 mm
Effective Thickness of Wall (d) = 149 mm
Reinforcement Required :-
Main Steel :-
0.5 x 30 x 1000 x 149 4.6 x 40.1 x 10^6
x 1- 1-
500 30 x 1000 x 149^2
= 668.98 mm2
Vertical Reinforcement Provided on Outer Face :-
Height of Reinforcement Provided
Wall top
to Ast Ast Check
On Inner Face Extra on Inner Face
bottom Thickness Provided Required
 m m Dia. of Bar Spacing Dia. of Bar Spacing mm2 mm2
0.000 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C #0 @ 400 C/C 565.49 350.00 O.K.
0.300 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C #0 @ 400 C/C 565.49 350.00 O.K.
0.600 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C #0 @ 400 C/C 565.49 350.00 O.K.
0.900 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C #0 @ 400 C/C 565.49 350.00 O.K.
1.200 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C #0 @ 400 C/C 565.49 350.00 O.K.
1.500 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C #0 @ 400 C/C 565.49 350.00 O.K.
1.800 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C #0 @ 400 C/C 565.49 350.00 O.K.
2.100 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C # 10 @ 400 C/C 761.84 350.00 O.K.
2.400 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C # 10 @ 400 C/C 761.84 350.00 O.K.
2.700 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C # 10 @ 400 C/C 761.84 476.60 O.K.
3.000 200 # 12 @ 200 C/C # 10 @ 400 C/C 761.84 668.98 O.K.
Design Data :-

Total Height of Vertical Wall 6.15 m

Depth of Liquid 5.27 m
Depth of Soil 5.75 m
Unit Weight of Liquid 10 KN/m3
Unit Weight of Soil 20 KN/m3
Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil 285 KN/m2
B.M. Coefficient 3.98
Unit Weight of Concrete 25 KN/m3
Fck M-30 30 N/mm2
Fe Fe-500 500 N/mm2

Case-2 :- Outside Soil Pressure

0.2

1.50

TOE W1
W7 = Wt. of Soil
5.95
5.55 W7 5.27 W8 = Wt. of Soil
W2
4.45 HEEL
W8 W4 W5

W3 0.20
0.40
W6 0.20

1.50 0.525 1.50

3.525

Overturning Moment 231.0 KN-m

Stability Analysis :-
Weight Lever B.M @ Heel
Description of Load Load Calculation Arm
KN m (KN-M)
W1= Wt. of Wall 0.2 x 5.95 x 25 = 29.75 1.6 47.60
W2= Wt. of Wall 0.5 x 0.325 x 4.45 x 25 = 18.08 1.81 32.69
W3= Wt. of Footing 0.525 x 0.20 x 25 = 2.63 1.7625 4.63
W4= Wt. of Footing 0.5 x 1.50 x 0.20 x 25 = 3.75 2.53 9.47
W5= Wt. of Footing 0.5 x 1.50 x 0.20 x 25 = 3.75 1.00 3.75
W6= Wt. of Footing 3.525 x 0.20 x 25 = 17.63 1.7625 31.06
W7= Wt. of Soil 1.50 x 5.55 x 20 = 166.50 2.775 462.04
W8= Wt. of Soil 0.5 x 1.50 x 0.20 x 20 = 3.00 3.025 9.08
Total Weight ( ∑ W ) = 245.08 600.31
Overturning Moment (Moment @ Bottom of Wall) = 231.02
Net Stabilisng Moment ( ∑ M ) = 369.29

Stabilisng Moment 600.31

Factor of Safety = = = 2.599 > 2 Safe
Overturning Moment 231.02

∑M 369.29
Distance of Resultant from Toe, X = = = 1.51 m
∑W 245.08

b b
Eccentricity , e = - X = 0.2557 <= = 0.5875
2 6
As Eccentricity is Less Than b/6 Safe

∑W 6xe
Max. Pressure @ Heel, P-max = 1+ = 99.781 KN/m2
b b
< 285 KN/m2 Safe

∑W 6xe
Min. Pressure @ Toe, P-min = 1- = 39.270 KN/m2
b b
< 285 KN/m2 Safe

Pressure at Various points is as shown in Pressure Diagramm

3.525
1.50 0.525 1.50
TOE HEEL

39.27 65.02 74.03 99.78

Design of Heel Slab :-

Downward Load and Moment
Load L.A. B.M Total
Descri. Load Calculation
KN m KN-m B.M
W5 0.5 x 1.50 x 0.20 x 25 = 3.75 0.50 1.875
7.50
W6 1.500 x 0.20 x 25 = 7.50 0.75 5.625

Upward Load and Moment

Load L.A. B.M Total
Descri. Load Calculation
KN m KN-m B.M
Rectangular 1.50 x 74.03 = 111.05 0.75 83.286
102.60
Triangular 0.5 x 1.50 x 25.7 = 19.31 1.00 19.312
Net Bending Moment = -95.10
Design of Toe Slab :-
Downward Load and Moment
Load L.A. B.M Total
Descri. Load Calculation
KN m KN-m B.M
W4 0.5 x 1.50 x 0.20 x 25 = 3.75 0.50 1.875
W7 1.50 x 0.20 x 25 = 7.50 0.75 5.625
135.38
W8 1.50 x 5.55 x 20 = 166.50 0.75 124.88
W9 0.5 x 1.50 x 0.20 x 20 = 3.00 1.00 3

Upward Load and Moment

Load L.A. B.M Total
Descri. Load Calculation
KN m KN-m B.M
Rectangular 1.50 x 39.3 = 58.91 0.75 44.179
53.84
Triangular 0.5 x 1.50 x 25.7 = 19.31 0.50 9.656
Net Bending Moment = 81.54

Sample Calculation :-
By taking Maximum Moment from Heel Slab & Toe Slab.
Factored B.M. = 95.1 x 1.5 = 142.65 KN-m

142.6 x 10^6
Thickness Required = = 189.32 m
3.98 x 1000

Provided Total thickness Wall Footing = 400 mm

Concrete Cover = 50 mm
Effective Thickness of Footing = 344 mm

Ast Required :-
At Heel Bottom :-

0.5 x 30 4.6 X 142.65 x 10^6

1- 1- x 1000 x 344
500 30 x 1000 x 344^2

= 1002.43 mm2

At Toe Top :-

0.5 x 30 4.6 X 122.31 x 10^6

1- 1- x 1000 x 344
500 30 x 1000 x 344^2
 = 853.02 mm2

From IS : 3370 (Part- II) - 2009

Ast Min. = 0.35 x 400 x 1000 = 700 mm2
100 2

For Avg. Thk. Of footing for Distribution Reinforcement

Ast Min. = 0.35 300
x x 1000 = 525 mm2
100 2

Heel Toe
Ast At Top At Bottom At Top At Bottom
Factored B.M.
CASE -1
CASE -2