ENZYME KINETICS

Kristine Gay E. Templonuevo, RMT

ENZYME KINETICS
• Enzyme kinetics is the study of rates of enzymatic
reactions.
• Enzyme act as catalyst and play critical role in
accelerating reactions 103 to 1017 times faster than the
reaction would normally proceed.
• Catalysts lower the activation energy of the reaction.
Importance of determining enzyme
kinetics?
• An important goal of measuring enzyme
kinetics is to determine the chemical
mechanism of an enzyme reaction, i.e., the
sequence of chemical steps that transform
substrate into product.
 Each enzyme catalyzes a
single reaction or a limited
number of chemical
reactions, and it is specific
for a substrate that it
converts to a defined
enzyme.
The Michaelis-Menten Model
• It takes the form of an equation relating reaction velocity
to substrate concentration for a system where a
substrate S binds reversibly to an enzyme E to form an
enzyme-substrate complex ES, which then reacts
irreversibly to generate a product P and to regenerate the
free enzyme E. This system can be represented
schematically as follows:
MICHAELIS-MENTEN EQUATION
• Vmax represents the maximum velocity achieved
by the system, at maximum (saturating) substrate
concentrations.
• KM (the Michaelis constant; sometimes
represented as KS instead) is the substrate
concentration at which the reaction velocity is
50% of the Vmax.
• [S] is the concentration of the substrate S.
• This is a plot of the Michaelis-Menten equation’s
predicted reaction velocity as a function of substrate
concentration, with the significance of the kinetic
parameters Vmax and KM graphically depicted.
• The best derivation of the Michaelis-Menten
equation was provided by George Briggs and
J.B.S. Haldane in 1925, and a version of it
follows:
ENZYMATIC REACTION
• Zero-order reaction – reaction rate depends only on
enzyme concentration.
• First-order reaction – reaction rate is directly proportional
to substrate concentration.
• Lineweaver–Burk plot (or double reciprocal plot) is a
graphical representation of the Lineweaver–Burk equation
of enzyme kinetics, described by Hans
Lineweaver and Dean Burk in 1934.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cck3US2EBmU
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y43pIHUtjeM